Do-it-yourself attic insulation in a private house. Do-it-yourself attic insulation, what you need to know about it? Rooms under the roof of a village house

Attic insulation is an important part general thermal insulation Houses.

The insulation of any structure must be approached comprehensively. So say all the experts.

After all, to support temperature regime in a house, regardless of its structural material, it is impossible at the proper level by insulating only the walls in it.

Therefore, both the floor and the ceiling are subject to thermal insulation, especially the attic. Question: "How to insulate the attic?" is very acute when it comes to a wooden, private building.

Everyone knows the law of physics, according to which warm air has a lower specific gravity, therefore it always rises when cold air remains at the bottom. The same thing happens in the rooms of the room. Warm air rises to their ceiling, cold air is closer to the floor. If the thermal insulation of the ceiling or attic is not carried out, then warm air freely penetrates through the structural material of the ceiling and gives it part of its energy. In a word, if the ceiling and attic of the house are not insulated, then about 30% of all heat losses of the building pass through it.

Features of warming the attic of a wooden house

It is necessary to insulate the attic in a Jewish house in order to avoid heat leakage.

To properly insulate the attic in wooden structure, you need to remember a few rules:

warm air always has water impurities in its composition, that is, warm air in a room is always saturated with domestic steam. Tree, being constantly in the atmosphere high humidity, may lose its technical characteristics or simply rot. Therefore, when carrying out thermal insulation of this design, it is necessary to remember about the waterproofing layer;
the tree is able to pass air through itself, that is, it “breathes”. Air and steam in it can be on the surface and in the thickness of the insulation material, even if it is located outside the structure, therefore an additional layer of waterproofing material is also needed here;
wood, in comparison with other structural materials of buildings (brick, metal structures), is less bearing capacity, because insulation material for wooden house should not exert additional load on the floor;
the heat-insulating material must have fire-fighting characteristics to prevent the spread of fire in a wooden building.

mineral wool, glass wool

Mineral wool, glass wool - materials are environmentally friendly products, fire resistant, lightweight, easy to install. However, it is characterized by high rates of vapor permeability and water absorption, therefore they require the presence of waterproofing or a vapor barrier.

polyurethane foam

Attic insulation technology with polyurethane foam.

Polyurethane foam - obtained from gas-filled plastics, sold in the form of pressurized cylinders, applied by conventional spraying to the desired surface. Advantage - forms a seamless coating, which prevents the formation of cold bridges, differs a high degree adhesion in wooden surface, therefore, does not require additional fasteners. It is lightweight, therefore it does not exert additional pressure on the ceiling, it has high rates of heat and sound insulation, and does not absorb moisture.

Polyurethane foam does not rot, endures the action of an aggressive environment, microorganisms do not develop on its surface. It is characterized by strength and rigidity, it does not absorb water and does not pass steam through itself. The disadvantage is the high price compared to similar products.

Styrofoam

Expanded polystyrene - it is mistakenly called polystyrene foam. Expanded polystyrene, unlike polystyrene, undergoes several additional processing steps, therefore it is characterized by increased strength. Properly organized on the basis of its insulation layer in the attic of a wooden house is vapor-tight. Expanded polystyrene is moisture resistant, but does not tolerate the action of organic solvents. It promotes the spread of fire.

How to properly insulate the attic - execution technique

If the attic of a wooden house is not planned to be converted into a living room, it is enough just to insulate the floor. Stages of the warming process:

You can properly insulate the attic of a private house with your own hands.

clean the surface of debris and rot, treat the floor with an antiseptic, if there are gaps, they must be additionally caulked;
the attic is covered with a waterproofing film, but it must let steam through, otherwise the ceiling will rot;
erect logs, to which it will subsequently be attached top coat floors, and lay the thermal insulation in even layers without gaps;
waterproofing layer, but it should no longer let steam through;
if the attic will later serve as a living space, the insulation is additionally covered with expanded clay, followed by its viscous;
finishing.

How to properly insulate the pitched roof of a wooden house

first, the entire surface is covered with a waterproofing film. It is overlapped so that joints do not form with construction tape;
Next, the heater is laid. Performs well as it is mineral wool, but only in the form of mats. It keeps its shape perfectly and does not sag when in an upright position. Mineral wool is laid between the rafters and fixed by means of a slatted crate or mesh made of nylon cord;
the vapor barrier layer will not allow steam in the air to penetrate into the thickness of the insulation, thereby reducing its technical characteristics, but at the same time allowing the thermal insulation to “breathe”. The vapor barrier is attached to the rafters over the insulation and fixed with construction tape;
finishing - fiberboard or chipboard, you can use drywall.

Converting an attic into a residential attic is one of the cheapest ways to increase living space in a private house. Here you can successfully equip a rest room, living room, nursery or divide the attic into two or three small rooms. In a word, there are many options for using an additional room.

Arrangement of a room in the attic

It is much easier to provide for the possibility of equipping an attic space for an attic even at the design stage of a house. You will have to spend more on construction, but, on the other hand, it will be possible to significantly save on labor costs, insulation and finishing work.

It will be easier to carry out heating, plumbing, sewerage into a room under the roof. In practice, developers often leave the possibility of re-equipping the attic for the distant future. Especially when the customer seeks to save money on construction.

When arranging a living room in the attic, one should not forget about high-quality waterproofing

Usually alteration of the attic space does not require external work. All work on insulation and landscaping is carried out indoors, and if desired, some of them can be done by hand.

It will be necessary to repair the floor, insulate the roof slopes from the inside, finish the room from the inside, lay internal communications, and install a comfortable staircase.

Floor arrangement

Before starting work, it is necessary to carefully examine the condition of the rafters and beams: are they damaged by moisture due to, possibly, a leaking roof, are they affected by pests. If damage is found, be sure to eliminate their cause and repair the existing supporting structures, and, if necessary, repair the roof.

It is also necessary to take into account the fact that when rebuilding the attic, the load on the supporting structures will increase. Therefore, when converting an attic space into a residential one, it is necessary to carry out appropriate calculations and strengthen the existing ceiling.

Examples of attic floors

This is usually done with wooden or metal beams so that the floor is able to support the weight of furniture and people. Doing it yourself is not worth it, it is better to turn to specialists.

The interior layout of the attic should be carried out using lightweight materials in order to minimize the load on the floors.

When arranging the floor, we must not forget about the need for high-quality vapor barrier!

Warming

If the attic will be used all year round, the insulation of the roof slopes from the inside is certainly not the stage at which to save. Usually private houses are designed with gable roof and surface area in contact with environment more than other rooms. In winter, the roof almost does not keep heat, and in summer its slopes can heat up to 100 degrees.

In addition, after warming, a room under a roof always accumulates moisture much more actively. If you wish, you can carry out work on warming with your own hands. But if you carry them out incorrectly or save too much, moisture will accumulate in the insulation and it will not be able to fully perform its functions.

Comparative characteristics roof insulation

Between the insulation and the crate, it is necessary to leave a gap 2-2.5 cm wide. Then the air, passing through the air intakes left at the base of the roof, will circulate freely in this layer, absorbing moisture from the insulation and removing it through the ventilation ducts in the roof ridge.

Between the insulation and the crate, a gap of at least 2 centimeters is always left.

Heating

Conducting heat to the attic is usually not particularly difficult. Another thing is that the capacities available in the house may not be enough to fully heat another room.

If you want to build another oven, you should consult with a specialist. It is possible to equip the attic with gas heating with the possibility of exhausting the generated gas through the fireplace from steel pipes installed right here in the attic.

Chimney design

The chimney in the room can be a significant problem. If it has not been used for a long time, then it can simply be dismantled, but if it is an existing chimney, all that can be done with it can be whitewashed. And when decorating the interior of the attic, everything follows wooden details no closer than 5 cm to the pipe. It is also impossible to clad the chimney.

However, there is a way out: create a chimney around the chimney self-supporting structure and mount the cladding already on it, taking into account the gap between the cladding and the chimney. So you can fit the chimney into overall design attic at the lowest cost.

The scheme for converting an attic into a room directly depends on the type of roof of the house

Internal decorative finish

For interior decoration any materials will do, depending on the chosen style of the future room. The only requirement for them is that they should be, if possible, lightweight materials. Especially if the attic is planned to be divided into two or more rooms.

The ideal option for decorating the attic is wood. Such a finish, of course, will be expensive. But it is distinguished by quality, beauty, durability and will create a unique comfort.

More budget way interior design - using lining or MDF panels.

If the height of the attic is insufficient for arranging a room there, then the roof can be raised by building up walls.

One of the most popular attic design options is with drywall. This is the most practical and affordable way, capable of providing excellent thermal insulation to the room in combination with a heater. This material is light, with its help you can create any design, and after installation it can be covered with decorative plaster or painted with your own hands.

Attic lighting

Room lighting is a very important part of the interior. It is necessary to take into account how the attic will be illuminated at different times of the day, because they will also be here day and night.

daylight

Number of windows in attic room may be different. They may vary in shape and size. Windows at the ends of the room do not allow effective use of daylight. But the streams of light coming through from above are much more powerful, and the arrangement of windows in the roof slopes is usually not a big deal.

artificial lighting

The choice of artificial lighting is significantly influenced by the design of the room. In this case, a variety of lamps can be used. Spot lamps are perfect for both general lighting and as an addition to existing lighting. There are many options for their location.

The optimal scheme for arranging an attic for a room assumes the presence of an under-roof space aerator

Crystal diffusers. Providing a special play of light and shadow will make the design of the attic special. fiber optic threads. With the help of many optical fibers connected to a power source, you can complement the design of a bedroom or children's room with a starry sky.

Fluorescent lamps. They are built into suspended ceilings, so that only the luminous part of the lamps is visible, and their use will significantly reduce energy costs. local sources. Various table lamps, night lamps, floor lamps or sconces, with the help of which certain areas of the room are illuminated. They add a touch of comfort to the overall design of the room.

Directional is best for the attic spot lighting, which can be created using LED lamps.

Stairs

Ladders can be added, reinforced concrete, concrete or wooden. In appearance, the stairs are divided into mid-flight and spiral. A lean-to ladder is a temporary option, suitable only until a permanent ladder is installed.

The scheme of finishing the room in the attic with drywall in the context

Concrete and reinforced concrete are reliable, but suitable only for a brick or stone house. Wooden stairs are more versatile and can be made by hand. Marching stairs are more common, as they are the easiest to make and they are the most convenient.

A plus spiral staircases in that they do not take up much space in the lower room. But they are very narrow and steep, so you need to go down them carefully.

In reality, turning an attic into a cozy living room is not too difficult. The first thing that can be advised is a loft-style design, specially designed for decorating attics.

Sometimes storage rooms are also equipped in the corners of the attic, since it is difficult for a person to access there.

A good solution would be to choose an abstract style. You can arrange an attic in the style of Provence, country or chalet. Would be good for a bedroom East style. V classical style attics are made less often.

Video

You can watch a short video showing how to convert an attic into a cozy living room.

Photo gallery

In order for the house to be warm, and we did not have to overpay for heating, it is necessary to take care of the high-quality insulation of the walls, floor and roof. It is also important to insulate the ceiling of a private house in the attic. There are several options for insulating the attic in a private house inexpensively and efficiently. How to do it yourself, what materials can be used for this? Let's consider this question in more detail.

How to insulate the attic of a private house correctly?

An attic is a space under a sloping roof that is not used for residential purposes. If the roof slopes are not thermally insulated, insulation material can be placed on the ceiling that separates the space under the roof from the living rooms.

Roof space that is not used for living is often devoid of an insulating layer, which creates the need for laying a buffer zone to insulate the ceiling. The complete absence of such insulation is allowed only when the room is unheated, for example, a garage. In other cases, it is necessary to retain the heat that is heated living rooms because warm air tends to rise. To save money spent on heating, it is necessary to prevent its leakage through the roof.

Before starting repairs, it is very important to learn how to properly insulate the attic in a private house, and many factors should be taken into account. These include the design features of the roof and the height of the attic.

The better to insulate the attic of a private house with a concrete floor

Concrete floor - monolithic or prefabricated is intended, as a rule, for a residential attic. Sometimes, however, such a solution is also used for a non-residential roof. How and how to insulate the attic floor in a private house made of concrete?

The concrete floor is insulated after the construction and finishing of the roof. This operation will be simple as long as we have convenient access to the attic, and also if the height of the attic allows free movement.

The most commonly used material in such cases is mineral wool. Compressed mats are especially recommended, which are gradually expanded up to the nominal thickness. The elastic surface easily fills all the nooks and crannies in the attic. The mats should be placed close together without any gaps between them that could lead to heat leakage.

It is much more difficult to achieve this result with more rigid materials such as expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene or polyurethane foam.

To create a structure, insulation must be laid between wooden beams, to which boards or wood panels will be screwed to form the floor.

It is also possible to make a mineral lining from a mineral solution that is poured over the insulation insulated with foil, but this solution is rarely used.

How to insulate the attic of the house with loose insulation?

If the attic is too low, then so that the work is not very difficult and time-consuming, good decision there will be insulation using one of the bulk insulating materials:

granulated cotton;
polystyrene granules;
cellulose fibers.

The thickness of the insulation layer depends on the material used and the thermal permeability of the ceiling. The average thickness is approximately 20 cm.

How to insulate a wooden ceiling?

If the ceiling is wooden, it is better to insulate the attic of a private house with your own hands in a slightly different way. Thermal insulation is placed primarily between the beams. In this case, mineral wool materials or wood derivatives are used. How to insulate the attic of a private house with mineral wool? Thanks to their excellent elasticity, the boards or mats fill the gaps between the ceiling beams very well. Before insulating the attic of a private house with mineral wool, a lining should be laid from the bottom of the roof. If it's going to be a drywall suspended ceiling, it's a good idea to place an extra insulating layer on the underside of the attic. will also be isolated wooden beams, which has a very positive effect on the heat transfer of the entire layer.

Also, if the ceiling is insulated in this way, it will be easier to build a floorboard or OSB floor over it. If you decide not to insulate false ceiling, then an additional heat-insulating layer will be located in the attic. The construction of the floor will then be more difficult for two reasons. First, perpendicular to ceiling beams nail beams with a section of 4 x 6 cm and put an insulating layer between them, in addition, the surface of such a floor will eventually turn out to be higher, thereby reducing the height of the attic.

Photo. When insulating a wooden ceiling, the thermal insulation material is placed primarily between the beams

For warming wooden ceilings polystyrene is not used in the traditional form, but it is possible to fill the space between the beams with polystyrene granules. However, the light weight of such a backfill, despite good thermal insulation, does not give the ceiling satisfactory sound insulation. Also, this type of insulating material does not provide sufficient fire protection for wood.

Among bulk heaters, mineral wool granules or cellulose fibers are much more profitable. Both products are very good thermal insulation properties, provide good sound insulation and protect the structure in the event of a fire.

In buildings that have an unused attic, it is cost effective to implement a roof truss structure. Prefabricated elements replace traditional rafters. They form large triangles that are closely spaced next to each other.

The space under the roof with such a design is severely limited by bevelled beams. At the same time, it is almost impossible to isolate such an attic with slabs or mats. Most rational decision in this case it is blower insulation with polystyrene granules or cellulose fibers.

The space is filled with air flow through the holes in gable walls, through the sunroof, or through the so-called viewing hole.

Bulk material is able to crumble very densely in all nooks and crannies of this attic. Insulation work should be carried out only after the construction of the ceiling is completed. It is also necessary to check if the ceiling can support the weight of such insulation, it may be necessary to provide adequate reinforcement.

Attic ventilation

Since many of the thermal insulation materials, including rock wool, lose their insulating properties as a result of high humidity, you need to make sure that the attic space is provided with sufficient ventilation. Good ventilation is provided by air intakes on the eaves and outlets made in the gable walls. They must be protected with a net to prevent the entry of birds and small animals. Upper layer Insulating materials with high elasticity should be covered with a windproof film, then less heat will be blown out of the insulation.

How to insulate an attic in a private house video

The attic often remains uninhabited and serves as a closet. When building a house in the attic, only rough work is often done, but over time, residents regret this choice. With proper planning, you can make an additional living room or even a studio apartment out of such a room, which is very popular in Europe.

Stages of work

Many owners of private houses want to know how to make the attic habitable, but do not know where to start. The first step in such a situation is planning. Before work, the purpose of the future premises is determined, if there is a workshop, then it is necessary to take care of natural light, if the living room, attention is paid to insulation.

The main stages of work on the arrangement of the attic include:

space planning;
roof and floor insulation;
design.

After drawing up a plan for the future premises, it is necessary to draw up a list of necessary materials and tools.

Note! In addition to heating costs and roofing, you will have to spend money on finishing and decorative materials.

Space layout

Often the roof is attached close to the Mauerlat, so the use of this space is almost impossible. In such cases, the walls of the attic room are shifted to the ridge of the roof from the walls of the building. Often this technique deprives the room visual space, so the walls in the attic are not installed. Installing furniture in such a room is more difficult, but it looks very interesting.

To make the attic a full-fledged living space, install additional windows. Most often this is done in the gables of the house, but if there are transverse walls in the attic, this is impossible. In such a situation, windows that cut into the roof slope are used. Such techniques are often used in Western architecture and allow you to give the house an unusual look.

When planning an attic, it is often difficult to organize an entrance area. To do this, use compact folding or.

Warming

The progress of the insulation depends on the condition of the attic. There will be less work if high-quality thermal insulation of the floor has been carried out. A large loss of heat in the house occurs through the roof, so its insulation will not only make it possible to create another living room, but also reduce heating costs.

Floor insulation

Often in old houses thermal insulation layer on the floor no longer performs its functions. This is especially true for dwellings located in humid and cold climates. Floor insulation in the attic must meet the following parameters:

protect the house from the cold;
have a small weight;
be safe for humans.

Any material for rough finishing (boards, chipboard) is suitable for floor insulation. This type of insulation is suitable for rooms with a small height, it allows you to save an extra 20-30 cm of space.

For a house with a large and high attic, slab or roll insulation with glass wool. The material has a low cost and perfectly retains heat, while it has a small weight, which is very important in attic spaces.

The "pie" of floor insulation is laid directly between the beams. The first layer is a vapor barrier, it is better not to save on it, but they also use a special polyethylene film. Laid on top of it tiled insulation, for example, mineral wool. The material is laid in two layers to prevent "cold bridges". If the floor beams are in good condition, then the floor is laid directly on them, otherwise you will have to do an additional crate. For greater effect, the attic is insulated from the outside using a similar technology.

Note! Foil insulation is laid metal coated down.

After tile material laying a clean floor. To do this, use wood, linoleum, tiles and more.

Roof insulation

Insulation of the roof of a residential building requires special care. To protect the premises and the roof structure from moisture, it is necessary to take care of waterproofing. The waterproofing film is laid in the first layer, attaching it with special strips to the rafters.

Important! The waterproofing film is overlapped so that moisture remains outside.

Mineral wool or other insulation is laid inside the rafters in a continuous layer. Special glue is applied to the mineral wool slabs with a spatula and the slabs are pressed between the rafters. Also, the material can be fixed with screws or nails. The plates are staggered, this protects the room from the cold. During work, ventilation is also insulated.

Moisture reduces the properties of the insulation, so during construction it is necessary to protect it with a vapor barrier layer. For this use vapor barrier films or membranes. Roll-type material, therefore it is convenient to attach it to the rafters. For fixing use construction stapler so that the joints maintain tightness, use a special construction adhesive tape at the puncture sites.

When the insulation is attached, proceed to the crate for finishing. The type of construction largely depends on the type finishing material. Most universal material- crate over the rafters, it saves material and time. The crossbars are stuffed onto the beams in increments of 25-30 cm. decorative panels or other material.

If the interior decoration of the house requires complex structure, under which it is necessary to hide communications and other shortcomings of the construction, then a metal profile frame is used.

Design

Finishing and arrangement of the future room directly depends on its purpose. Attics and attics are often used for:

workshop;
cabinet;
billiard room;
Bedrooms.

At large area rooms, you can create a space with several full-fledged zones.

The decoration and style of the room largely depend on the interior and material of the house. Authentic buildings made of wood and stone are often finished decorative clapboard or an array. Such an interior is often complemented with coarse accessories and textiles made from natural fabrics and wool.

The popular loft style does not require any special frills in wall decoration: decorative plaster, metal pieces of furniture - all this is perfect for houses made of brick or concrete blocks.

Lovers of coziness and comfort will love the classic interior solutions. Wall decoration with wallpaper or discreet paint will allow you to create a truly cozy room. And the interior, made by hand, is especially expensive for households.

For those who find it difficult to decide on the choice of decorative materials and the style of the room, the following tips are suitable:

A minimalistic approach to choosing furniture will help not only save space, but also money. Instead of massive cabinets and chests of drawers, it is better to use functional containers, hangers and shelves. When arranging the bedroom, the bed can be placed against the lowest wall.
To visually expand the room fit bright hues walls and ceiling. To dilute such interiors use active color accents, it can be textiles, light sources or furniture. So that the accents do not look pretentious, one of the walls can be painted in a similar, but less active shade.

Building a residential building is a labor-intensive and financially costly process. Often, the construction of an additional floor at the stage of building a house has to be abandoned due to a lack of finance. However, over time, the owners of the house often ask themselves: how to increase the living space in the house? It is possible to expand the living area in the house without adding new buildings. The simplest solution is to use the attic space as a living space. To magically turn a nondescript and dusty room into a cozy and functional room, it is necessary to carry out a complex of works.

When repairing or building an attic, you should draw up a preliminary plan of action. This will help to avoid additional costs, will optimize the conversion of the attic into living rooms. The sequence of actions is as follows:

Plan and drawing. Before starting repairs, you should draw up a detailed plan-drawing. There are specialized computer programs for this. You can plan traditional way by drafting on paper. The drawings should take into account: the height between the floor and the ceiling, the dimensions of the elements truss system and other highlights.
Definition of functionality. A residential attic floor can be turned into a bedroom, a nursery, a family recreation area or an office.

Important!
The height between the floor and the ceiling in a residential attic must be at least 2.1 meters. If the height is below the set value, the level of living comfort is reduced.

Before you start work, you should determine the functional purpose for the attic.

Cleaning. Before the beginning construction works the attic needs to be cleaned up. After cleaning, you should once again check the plan-drawing with the real room.
Inspection. In order for the room to be comfortable and safe for living, it is necessary to inspect its structural parts for possible breakdowns and damage, identify design flaws and carry out repairs.
Planning and purchasing. After the estimate is prepared, and the choice building material and roof coverings have been produced, we proceed to purchases.

An approximate plan may include many sub-items, it all depends on the situation, architectural features structure and the wishes of the residents of the house.

Choosing a roof covering

As you know, the attic crowns the entire structure of a private house, located under its roof. Therefore, the height of the roof and the choice of material for roofing are one of the main ones in the arrangement of living space. The most wear-resistant and durable types of coatings include:

metal tile;
roll materials with a high content of bitumen;
asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary or reinforced profile.

The choice of coating material depends on several factors, one of the most important is the type, slope angle, structure and architecture. It is the choice of coating material that is important in order to equip reliable protection from moisture and atmospheric phenomena, ventilation, to create optimal temperature conditions and comfort indoors under the roof. When choosing a material, it is worth making approximate calculations to take into account the degree of load on the roof of the house and the truss system. This will help to increase the operational life of the structure and avoid unpleasant situations (cracks, collapse).

Staircase to the attic

Reconstruction of a dark and nondescript attic space is a complex undertaking. The question of how to equip the entrance to the attic worries many. The staircase is a classic solution, but it's not that simple! There are a huge number of design options. Each of the types of stairs has its own characteristics and advantages, so making a choice is not easy.

Important!
A wide straight staircase that matches the design of the house looks expensive, solid and aesthetically pleasing, but “steals” precious meters of living space.

more democratic and inexpensive option attic entrance equipment is foldable staircase design. It is less monumental in appearance, but no less reliable in operation.

Types of non-stationary stairs for a private house:

Folding design - a traditional ladder that you can make yourself with basic knowledge.
Retractable design - when assembled, it is hidden behind the hatch cover from the eyes and does not violate the aesthetics of the interior.
Sliding design- compact and reliable, consists of several sections and a sliding mechanism.

In order for the arrangement of the entrance to the attic to be as comfortable as possible for each of the household members, it is necessary to calculate the size of the stairs and the number of steps. First of all, we measure the distance between the ceiling and the subfloor and make an approximate calculation based on the average step height. When all calculations are made, you can draw up an estimate for the purchase required material and make your own design. detailed information is on our website. When choosing a staircase to the attic of a private house, it is important to understand who will use it most often. If it is intended for the elderly or children, the requirements for the convenience and safety of entering the attic increase (making handrails or).

Residential attic insulation

To create comfortable conditions living in the attic of a private house, should be given Special attention warming the room. The work can be done by hand, without involving expensive specialists. The main thing is to follow these rules:

The first step is to make sure the integrity of the roof and roofing. If damage or gaps in the coating are found, they must be repaired with construction tape. If the violation of the integrity of the roof covering is large-scale, restoration work should be carried out or it should be completely blocked.
Next, the integrity of the truss system is checked. Remember that even minor deviations from the norm can cause a violation of the integrity of the entire structure.
Special slats are attached to the rafter legs, which in the future will provide a gap for ventilation between the insulation layer and the roof. First, a hard coating is fixed, for example, roofing material, and slats are attached on top of it.

Advice!
Reiki for ventilation gap must be attached exclusively along the rafter legs. If attached across, the strength of the structure will be significantly reduced.

We fix the heater. The choice of material for attic insulation depends on the design features and financial capabilities of the owners of the house. To insulate a living space in the attic, you can choose:

mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene boards;
kraft paper, straw or sawdust.

There is an unspoken rule thermal insulation material: the steeper the slopes of the roof of the house, the denser the insulation should be. As an option for insulating floors between floors, expanded clay is often used. Especially relevant is the use of expanded clay for concrete floor floors in the attic of a residential building. When insulating a residential attic, you should remember about vapor barrier. When choosing a material such as foil-coated mineral wool, an additional vapor barrier layer is not needed.

Proper and attic ceiling

Heating

Attic insulation does not guarantee heat in the room under the roof. Using the attic of the house as an additional living space implies the organization of a high-quality communication system. One of the aspects of a comfortable pastime, especially in cold period year, is heating. The arrangement of the heating system in the attic of the house makes it possible to use this space all year round. There are several options for solving the problem:

Use of a stationary heating system.
Fireplace equipment in the attic.
The use of electrical appliances for space heating.

Each of the proposed options is feasible, but has its own characteristics. To equip a traditional heating system, you will need to bring pipes to the attic. After that, the calculation of the heated area and the installation of radiators are performed. The fireplace in the room under the roof is an original idea. Undoubtedly, the presence of a fireplace in the room is always cozy and warm. When carrying out construction, it is better to make an additional branch for the fireplace, which in the future will be connected to a common heating system Houses. The device of such a system is complicated by the need for a powerful supply pump. This will help to cope with the increased workload. In addition, it must be borne in mind that for a fireplace it is necessary to equip a high-quality chimney, and this will lead to additional financial expenses. The use of electric heaters for heating a room under a roof is the most budgetary way. It does not require the construction or arrangement of specialized premises, chimneys or compartments.

Advice!
When choosing equipment, you should take into account the power of the devices and remember about the fire safety of a private house.

Electric heating has disadvantages: high energy consumption, fire hazard, overdrying of indoor air. Choosing the safest and most economical heating option, experts advise giving preference to an autonomous heating system.

Lighting

In order for natural light to freely enter the rooms under the roof, translucent structures are needed. In this case, the only right decision will become . Important point in the process of preparing for the installation of a window into the roof slopes - manufacturing with inside lasting wooden frame, which will help hold the window frames and prevent possible deformation. The frame is installed between rafter legs, so the width is ordered taking into account this distance and the thickness of the beams. Windows can be installed on the gables or directly on the roof of the house. What are the advantages skylights?

Savings on energy costs. These windows allow you to enlarge throughput natural light by 40%.
Exquisite design. Windows help to create a distinctive atmosphere in the room under the roof, organically complement the design, creating space in the room.
Functionality. Manufacturers offer various configurations and functional loading of windows for attic spaces.

As for conducting electrical wiring in the attic to create high-quality artificial lighting, there are several proven methods:

laying wires over the walls, hiding them in special plastic boxes;
arrangement of hidden electrical wiring, laying the wires under the inner lining.

The first method is the simplest, it can be done quickly and easily with your own hands. The second method is more technically complicated, since the norms and requirements for fire safety private house. Concealed wiring is laid at the stage of installation of the frame, wall and ceiling cladding.

Important!
When arranging concealed wiring, copper wire fits into a special corrugated metal hose. After that, it is mounted on the wall.

When the wiring is carried out to the attic, all sockets and switches are placed in their places, you can proceed to the most exciting stage - interior planning. Here the flight of fancy is only welcome! You can choose classic style decisions, cozy Country or gentle Provence. For young people, you can create an urbanistic room under the roof in the Loft style, and for children - a fabulous island of dreams.

Turning a dusty and dark attic into a cozy and spacious room under the roof itself - the process is laborious and requires financial costs. Knowing the secrets and tricks, following the rules and advice of experts, you can transform a non-residential property in a short time. cold attic under the roof for additional living space.

Transformation of an abandoned attic