Everything more experienced builders in Western European countries believes that only a double timber with ecowool can ensure the durability of a built house with the maximum comfort of living in it. On the other hand, advertising in the media suggests that you can build an inexpensive, but very high-quality and durable house exclusively from sawn timber. natural moisture.

What to choose from a variety of offers on the market? A bar of natural moisture is really excellent construction material, but only on condition that the degree of its humidity meets the required standards. If this is not the case, then you will have to put up with blue walls, cracked wood, drafts and other unacceptable things.

The advantages of Finnish technology

Technology double bar was developed in Finland about 20 years ago. The inventors of this technique set themselves the goal of creating a building material that would be superior in efficiency to the available lumber and, at the same time, would be completely devoid of their inherent disadvantages.

Double bar projects have shown advantages such as:

• low degree of thermal conductivity;
• small thickness of the erected walls;
• monolithic structure of the assembled walls;
• during the first year of operation of the house, the shrinkage of the walls is no more than 3 cm;
• short construction time;
• high level environmental safety in comparison with other sawn timber;
• all-season building possibility;
• low price, both of the building material itself and of construction with its use.

Design features

The development is based on a construction similar to sandwich panels. That is, the sidewalls of the timber are made of wood and mirror-like to each other. Thermal insulation is located between the sidewalls. The thickness of the wooden sidewalls is on average 70 mm, although this figure may vary according to the climatic conditions typical for the region.

Currently, various insulation materials are used, including bulk materials, mats and slabs. The main requirement for the used thermal insulation is its natural origin and, as a consequence, environmental safety. One way or another, the insulation used is characterized by a degree of thermal conductivity that is less than that demonstrated by wood.

The timber in question is a versatile building material that can be used in the construction of buildings itself for different purposes... Indeed, at the construction stage, between the insulation and the wall, you can lay required amount layers of mineral wool slabs and vapor barrier.

As a result, the construction of double timber can be adapted to a particular climatic zone. After all, the thickness of the mineral wool and the width of the wall material can be changed in accordance with the needs of the customer.

For example, using Finnish technology, you can build walls up to 10 meters high and up to 340 mm thick. Such parameters are suitable for a wide variety of objects, from premium residential buildings to baths.

The specified wall thickness is not the limit, but it makes no sense to make the walls thicker, since even without that it will be warm in the house in winter and cool in summer.

Finnish technology guarantees special advantages in the construction of saunas and baths. According to statistics, baths made of double timber are more durable than similar buildings made of solid wood. And for sure, in such a bath it will be warm, regardless of external weather conditions.

This building material has a curious feature. If we assume that one double-bar bath, on one side of the walls, turns blue or rotted, be sure that this defect will not be reflected on the opposite side of the beams.

Manufacturing

The production of a double bar is carried out on a special, fully or partially, automated equipment - a cup-cutting line.

The production process includes the following stages:

• workpiece feed;
• drilling;
• cup cutting;
• grooving for casing;
• cut;
• removal of cut scraps;
• application of the code;
• package.

Using the equipment for the production of double timber, we obtain a wood-based building material with a moisture content of no more than 14% and absolutely precise milling lines.

Construction technology

Double timber construction is characterized by:

• low labor costs;
• efficiency of implementation;
• no need for special equipment;
• a small number of builders.

Instructions for building a house from this in many ways unique material simple and effective. The fact is that structurally, a double beam is similar to a glued or profiled analogue, but much lighter in weight. Consequently, building becomes more convenient and easier.

Building a house from a double bar is step-by-step process, in during which the foundation is prepared with your own hands, waterproofing is laid, and then the walls are raised.

Important: in any case, do not erect walls during precipitation.
If the structure is assembled by a quarter or half and it has started to rain, cover the structure with plastic wrap.
When assembled, the wall is highly hydrophobic, but a separate timber will absorb moisture into the layer.
Therefore, storage of building materials in open areas is allowed in packaging and under a specially equipped canopy.

Foundation

Considering that the weight of the construction object is slightly less than the weight of a solid wood house, the foundation is used shallowly. The optimal solution would be strip foundation, laid along the perimeter of the whole house to a depth of 60-80 cm.

Such a basis will not only withstand the weight of the structure, but will also save expensive building materials. Before assembling the walls, the tape base is covered with a layer of waterproofing. It can be specialized breathable permeable coatings or bituminous mastic.

Laying timber

Walls made of double timber are assembled in much the same way as with the use of other profiled sawn timber. Slats are laid directly on the foundation, the surface of which is in the same horizontal plane.

The first row of dry, thick profiled boards is laid on the slats, which, during assembly, form a strong connection with a cruciform shape.

After the first row has taken its place, the gap between the foundation and the boards on both sides is blown out with polyurethane foam. As the foam dries, ecowool (biologically stable and fireproof filler made from recycled waste paper) is placed in the empty space between the boards.

The joining of the boards during the installation of the hollow system is carried out by means of a spike, which enters the grooves, provides the required strength.As a result, not the slightest gaps are formed between the individual beams.

The most important point is. In order to ensure its density and reliability, building materials are delivered to the site with pre-profiled profiling.

The bond strength is practically unparalleled. After all, the difference between the connecting elements of two adjacent beams is no more than 1 mm. As a result, the installation is carried out with an effort literally in an interference fit, which other construction lumber cannot boast of.

As the walls are assembled, insulation material... To ensure long-term operation of the assembled walls, the inner side of the timber, without fail, is covered with a membrane (vapor barrier film).

Important: a house with walls built using this technology is characterized by increased energy efficiency.
High heat engineering properties can significantly reduce the costs associated with heating in winter and air conditioning in summer.
The degree of thermal conductivity of walls with a thickness of 200 mm, with mineral wool as a heater, complies with the norms of SNiP II-3-79 "Heat engineering in the construction of individual residential buildings".
The thermal conductivity of such structures is similar to the parameters of 1.5-meter-thick walls made of solid bricks!

External processing

After the new wood is assembled, it must be protected from the outside from the negative effects of environmental factors. To do this, apply tint and varnish coating or simply paint the wall surface with enamel. Regardless of the method of surface treatment of the timber, the result will be neat and aesthetically pleasing.

Output

So, let's try to sum up and decide how justified is the construction of houses using this technology:

• By choosing this type of extension, you get a warm, cozy home that allows you to reduce your heating costs.
• Wooden house built according to Finnish technology, can be put into operation in a short time due to minimal shrinkage (no more than 1.5%). Thanks to this, you will be able to move in as soon as the house is assembled.
• Such structures are quick-assembly, without the need for lifting special equipment.
• There is no need for a massive expensive foundation, since the entire building is lightweight (no more than half a ton per cubic meter of wall material).
• Possibility to place all utilities inside the wall.

Note!
Apply double beams and the dew point and mildew point will not bother you.
After all, the structure is treated with antiseptics, and besides, it is well ventilated.
Again, no need for finishing works(tinting or painting with enamel is enough).

In the video presented in this article, you will find additional information on this topic. This will help you decide on the right choice of building material.

Filimonov Evgeniy

Reading time: 7 minutes

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Double log houses

What is a double log house, what kind of wood is used, stages of construction, advantages and disadvantages, price range of construction, vapor barrier and insulation.

Currently, a double-bar house is increasingly being introduced as a year-round living space, if 10-20 years ago houses of this type were looked at as a curiosity, at the moment it is no longer a luxury, but a standard building for living with an attractive appearance.

This article describes in detail what are the pros and cons of a double bar, what are its positive sides and disadvantages, double bar price analysis. What is the essence of the construction of a double bar, what is the construction technology of a double bar, the nuances of building a double bar, which means the swallow's nest method when erecting.

How is the production of a double bar, the experience of using it in the domestic market, how strong the structure is, how to perform a reliable installation of the vapor barrier. What is better than ecowool or mineral wool as a heater, as well as sawdust or bulk cellulose, what are the stages of construction using the double beam technology.

How is creation done reliable foundation whether finishing is necessary, whether additional vapor barrier is needed, what type of wood is used to create wooden houses from a double bar.

• Natural wood is environmentally friendly.
• Elements for internal and external walls are made in the factory from dry polished board 45 mm thick, and are 100% ready for assembly. After drying, the boards reach a moisture content of no more than 12%, which contributes to minimal shrinkage at home. Therefore, you do not need to wait six months to check in and celebrate a housewarming.
• Each tongue-and-groove bar is equipped with a double comb lock, which creates a tight, reliable, windproof connection. Therefore, no sealing is required as in log buildings.

With a small wall thickness of 220 mm, where the wood is 90 mm, and the insulation is 130 mm, high energy saving rates are provided.

The total weight of the building is relatively small, which makes it possible not to lay a capital foundation. On loose and unstable soils on the site, screw piles are an ideal base. But, if the nature of the soil allows, then one of the options may well be an unburied strip foundation.

With the use of modern technology in wooden housing construction, it became possible to speed up the construction time as much as possible.

Easy assembly wooden elements carried out without the use of special equipment. The work is carried out by several workers, which significantly saves construction costs.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

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Important! It is possible to build houses from a double beam at any time of the year, the only requirement is the absence of rain or snow.

Disadvantages of a double bar

The main disadvantage of the technology is uneven shrinkage. wooden structure, which occurs as a result of a large temperature difference with outside and inside the building. The difference should not be more than 2-3 mm.

Difficult to achieve High Quality assembly, therefore it is necessary to conclude an agreement with professionals, and not "shabashniki" who want to make money on an easy, at first glance, job.

Another important drawback is the selection of insulation, which is used to fill the voids between the outer and inner rows. Due to the large assortment of insulation materials available on construction market, it is difficult to make the right choice and give preference to any one option. Only experts know what characteristics and properties each type of insulation has.

Despite the fact that the listed disadvantages of the double beam are much less than the advantages, the main indicator is the operational characteristics of the building. The disadvantages of this technology can appear over the course of several years. The most unfavorable moment is the climatic conditions, therefore, before deciding on construction, you should consult with specialists and find out in advance what are the disadvantages of the Finnish construction technology in a particular region of Russia.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Important! To avoid unpleasant moments associated with the shrinkage of the building, you should carefully select applicants for the work and order building material from a trusted manufacturer that guarantees high-quality drying of the timber.

Positive sides

• Nice and neat appearance.
• There are excellent thermal insulation characteristics and high energy efficiency of the entire building.
• The tight connection and the absence of gaps between the seams create a reliable sealing of the walls and protection from wind penetration.
• The walls of the house "breathe", so there is a favorable microclimate in the premises.
• The presence of space between the outer and inner rows of timber walls allows you to hide all engineering and communication networks (water pipes, sewers, ventilation ducts).
• Cost-effective housing due to inexpensive materials, no need for interior wall decoration and additional insulation. Fast payback due to low costs of hiring workers, heating, building maintenance.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Important! Buildings made of double timber are much cheaper than houses of the same size, but only from glued laminated timber 150x150 and without thermal insulation materials.

Disadvantages of double log houses

• The main concerns are climatic conditions. Therefore, you need to know how the climate of the region can negatively affect a double log house. What are the disadvantages of frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Sudden changes in temperature can lead to uneven shrinkage, resulting in cracks in the wood. The use of high quality material reduces this risk.
• The second significant disadvantage is the wrong choice of insulation. Ecowool is best suited, which is placed between the outer and inner walls without ramming, while its blowing is carried out in several stages. Only in this way is the natural density of the insulation achieved. The main requirement for performing such a procedure is to correctly calculate the amount of ecowool at positive temperatures. Insufficient filling of the gaps will lead to a lack of the necessary parameters and a decrease in the energy efficiency of the building, and an excess will lead to deformation of the walls at low temperatures.
• In houses from a bar, a double minus is a complex implementation. renovation works... But the manufacturer guarantees that with timely and high-quality wood processing with special antibacterial agents, such a procedure will not be required in the near future.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Important! You cannot save on insulation, as this can lead to low thermal insulation rates, as a result of which condensation, mold, fungus will appear - which will be followed by damage to the entire building.

How can disadvantages and advantages affect the choice of a house from a double bar?
Having considered all the positive and negative sides, it will be possible to independently decide whether to build a house from a double bar or not.

The pros and cons of such construction were divided almost equally. If the number of the former is much greater, then disadvantages prevail in importance. Therefore, before deciding to build a house from a double bar, all the pros and cons must be carefully studied and written out in a column. Possible nuances should be discussed with specialists. You need to seek help only from professionals with sufficient experience.

Pros and cons of double bar technology

Therefore, builders have to apply various techniques to reduce deformation of the walls and their reliable insulation.

Today, strict energy saving standards “do not allow” even a 20-centimeter bar.

This thickness of wood is not sufficient for construction warm houses in the region of the central Urals, not to mention the northern regions of Russia. Therefore, the wooden blockhouse has to be additionally insulated from the inside.

Economical and effective solution This problem is given to us by the double beam technology, first tested by builders in Finland. Even in this forest country, it is not easy to find a deck thick enough to protect a house from forty degrees of frost.

Finnish engineers have calculated everything possible options saving energy and came to the conclusion that it is quite possible to build eco-friendly and warm housing from wood. Only for this you need to use not a massive beam, but two thick boards, between which there is a layer of insulation.

This is how a new technology arose, which in our area received a not entirely correct name. Despite the fact that the words “double” and “timber” sound solid and flawless from the point of view of advertising, from a technical point of view, this technology should be called a wooden “sandwich wall”.

Considering the constructive structure of the wall, built of "double timber", we see here the elements inherent in both chopped house(special joining of boards at the corners) and the classic frame (double cladding).

The role of a bar here is played by a planed board with a thickness of 44 to 70 mm and a height of 140 mm, placed on the edge. Its seating edges are profiled according to the "groove-comb" system, which allows achieving tight contact and protecting the seam from blowing.

Spatial rigidity of the structure is achieved due to the corners connected by the "overcut" method, when a groove is cut in the joined boards at half their height.
The main advantage of this technology is high energy saving.

The thickness of such a wall does not depend on the cross-section of a log or a bar, therefore, a layer of insulation can be selected in strict accordance with the requirements of thermal engineering standards.

Another advantage that the construction of houses from double timber gives us is the minimum shrinkage of the walls (no more than 1-2%).

It is possible to operate the building, built according to the Finnish turnkey technology, immediately after the completion of the wall assembly and the installation of the roof. There is no need to wait six months for the wood to dry and the crowns of the log house to find their place.

Installation of double plank walls quite simple, not too laborious and does not require the involvement of powerful lifting mechanisms. This has a positive effect on the construction time and its cost. Simultaneously with the assembly of double wooden walls, thermal insulation is being laid in the space between the boards. Therefore, a house made of double timber does not require additional insulation and decoration.

By erecting a building from wood not impregnated with harmful synthetic resins, the most the right decision there will be the use of a heater that is safe for health.

Polyurethane foam for insulating walls from a double bar is a rather expensive material. Foam crumbs give off toxic gases and eventually break down completely. Mineral wool requires the installation of a vapor barrier (ecowool is not needed) and over time it cakes, forming empty cold cavities.

To insulate box walls, you can use flax fiber or chopped straw - materials that do not cake and are optimally combined with wood.

The disadvantages of this technology usually include insulation shrinkage. However, this problem, as we indicated above, only occurs when laying mineral wool.
In theory, there is a risk of cracks in the wall due to uneven shrinkage of the outer and inner cladding boards. However, in practice, there were no such comments from the owners of houses built using the double timber technology.

There are no long-term instrumental observations of the behavior of double wooden walls in Russia yet. Therefore, the customer can only trust the experience of the Finns, who have been successfully constructing and operating such buildings in the harsh northern climate for more than 20 years.

You will not be able to build a house from a double bar on your own, since for high-quality wall construction, you need to machine the boards, cut spikes and grooves, as well as docking grooves for corner joints. Therefore, it will not be possible to save personal funds by abandoning a team of specialists and buying a house kit.

Price Analysis

As a first approximation, houses made using double timber technology are more expensive than log cabins made of solid wood. The average cost per square meter of a double insulated wall is 5,500 rubles. The price of 1m2 of a wall made of solid timber with a thickness of 150 mm is about 3,500 rubles. At the same time, we must not forget that the timber, even with a thickness of 20 cm, needs to be insulated.

The double insulated wall technology gives us a ready-made supporting structure that does not require additional work. Therefore, for comparison, we will draw up a simplified estimate for a wall built from a profiled bar.

So, the cost is "naked" timber wall 15 cm thick is about 3500 rubles per 1m2. The price of insulation (20 cm of ecowool) with installation is 800 rubles / m2, the cost of materials and work on the installation of the frame and clapboard clapboard is 600 rubles / m2.

Additional measures to insulate a log house from a bar will cost us 1400 rubles per 1m2. As a result, we get 3500 + 1400 = 4 900 rubles for one "square" of the wall.
Comparing this amount with the price warm wall from a double bar, we see that the difference is not so significant. Taking into account the serious advantages of this technology, the double beam can be called a profitable alternative to traditional wooden log cabins.

Double bar construction

The construction of baths from a bar is considered the best option due to the environmental friendliness of the wall material, their low thermal conductivity, and high construction speed. Baths built from a regular profiled and from a double bar look identical in appearance, however, there are a number of differences both in technical specifications, and by the way the walls were erected.

The design of the double bar was not developed in Russia, but in Austria. Then the technology began to be applied in Germany, and only then the design received special success in Finland. In Russia, the double beam technology has been used relatively recently.

Wall material - glued beams or technical drying wood with a moisture content of less than 14%. The production of timber is carried out on four-sided longitudinal milling machines. The connection of the timber is a double profiled sealed windproof lock. Between two beams (external and internal) the distance is 130-150 mm. In this interval, an ecowool insulation is laid with the addition of antiseptics, fire retardants, boric acid, borax, necessary to ensure the fire safety of the building. The density of the insulation is up to 70 kg / m3.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Important! According to GOST 18288-87, timber is called timber with a height and thickness of more than 100 mm. In this case, the structural elements are thinner and more likely refer to profiled boards, but builders still call the technology "double timber" or "double tongue". Sometimes the profiled elements of the walls are called "minibars".

And one moment. Double beam technology and frame construction are completely different things. Have frame bath there is a "skeleton" formed vertical posts and jibs. Mineral wool is usually laid between the racks, on both sides of the walls they are sewn up with a vapor barrier, and then OSB or boards. When building from a double beam, there is no "skeleton". All perimeter walls are load-bearing.

This technology is akin to construction from a full-fledged profiled beam, rather than to frame construction. The stiffness of the walls is ensured by double corner joints. In addition, ecowool has no joints and cracks, the insulation is of a higher quality than with slab or roll materials. In the Russian Federation, houses and baths using double timber technology began to be built 40-50 years ago and the reviews of the owners of such buildings are more than positive.

Features of double bar technology

Thermal efficiency.

A wall made of double timber with a thickness of 220 mm (of which 130 mm is insulation) in terms of thermal efficiency is comparable to wooden wall 700 mm thick or with brick wall 1.2 meters thick. The vapor permeability of the walls made of double timber is preserved, freezing is excluded.

Energy efficiency.

A minimum amount of energy is required to warm up a house or sauna from a double bar. On a note! According to SNiP II-3-79, the heat-shielding qualities of a double beam are 2.5 times higher than that of a glued beam. Environmental friendliness. Ecowool used for insulation consists of 82% cellulose and 18% of antiseptics and fire retardants. These substances do not emit toxic substances into the atmosphere, they are completely safe for humans. And the tree is environmentally friendly a priori. No glue is used during construction. The sauna will have the aroma of natural wood and a favorable microclimate.

No problems with traditional wooden log cabins.

Shrinkage log house can be up to 10%, and if initially undried wood was used for construction, then the percentage of shrinkage can reach 17%. Shrinkage continues for several years (at least a year and a half) after the walls are erected, which makes finishing processes impossible, the installation of expansion joints is required, etc. In the process of shrinkage, the wood cracks, cracks form, caulking is required. Locking joints lose their tightness during the drying process. Double timber walls chamber drying have a shrinkage of no more than 2%. The risk of cracking is minimized. Corner joints with a double cut and additional insulation of mines with ecowool are not a freezing zone. Ecowool itself inside the walls is not prone to shrinkage or creasing. Caulking of walls and additional thermal insulation are not required. There are no gaps between the crowns due to the high spike height and deep grooves in the wall elements. Insect pests, mice, rats do not settle in ecowool.

High construction speed.

The wall kit is completely prepared in the production according to the customer's project within one month. The finished kit is delivered to the facility ready for assembly, marked for convenience. On a note! In the design process, not only the size of the building, the location of the premises are selected, but also calculations of wind, snow, and seismic loads are made. Also, the project can include integrated floor beams and integrated scaffolding, which are beams protruding beyond the walls, on which boards are laid for builders to move along them. Integrated scaffolding is cut down after painting the façade. This provides additional savings and increases construction speed. A load bearing capacity integrated floor beams are higher than classic floor joists.

The approximate term for the construction of a large house with an area of ​​up to 130 m2 is 3 months, of which about three weeks is spent on assembling the walls, the rest of the time is spent on the construction of the roof and ceilings, installation of doors, windows, laying communications and other work. Respectively, small bath can be built in a much shorter time frame. On a note! All elements are produced exclusively in a factory way, and not in artisanal conditions. During production and shipment, constant control of the quality of the material, its dimensions, humidity is carried out. There is no need to use heavy lifting equipment during construction. Works can be carried out in any season of the year.

Hidden communications.

In houses made of double timber there are special cavities (boxes or cuttings) in which wiring, pipes, etc. are laid. A house or a bathhouse, both from the inside and from the outside, looks aesthetically pleasing and neat. Wiring and pipes are hidden, but repairable at any time.

Durability.

The estimated service life of a double-bar structure is up to 110-115 years.

Affordable price.

The cost of building from a double beam is about 30% lower than a bathhouse made of profiled, glued beams or rounded logs.

Possibility of building on a lightweight foundation.

As a base, screw piles are usually chosen, less often a strip foundation. Can be used screw foundation with a grillage. This moment depends on the condition of the soil at the site, the proximity of the occurrence of groundwater.

The nuances of building from a double bar

• It is permissible to make the strapping platform from a bar of natural moisture.
• The logs should not be below the strapping platform.
• The floor insulation should not rely only on the vapor barrier, there should be a solid solid foundation.
• It is better not to fix the lags of the floor, terraces with corners, from the loads it can rip off the heads of the self-tapping screws.
• It is better not to use plate beams. This design is prone to warping and cracking.
• It is important to observe the technology of installing door, window frames.
• It is important to connect the crowns tightly, without gaps. If there are gaps between the crowns, the centering will disappear.
• The first crown must be attached to a strapping bar or board.
• If the wall kit delivered to the site contains elements with defects, it is better to unfold the bar with the unsightly side inside the cavity where the ecowool is pumped.
• It is not recommended to build large-sized multi-storey buildings from a double beam. This technology is relevant for low-rise construction.

When designing, it is necessary to provide for cuttings in the walls, and there should be no more than three and a half meters between adjacent boxes. This is necessary to prevent the walls from warping under the action of a dense layer of ecowool, which exerts pressure on the outer and inner walls of the building.

There may be a version of a wall 6 meters long without overhanging, in this case, a solid bar is vertically installed in the middle between the inner and outer walls. This bar will be invisible. The event will allow maintaining the rigidity of the walls and eliminating deformation under the pressure of the insulation.

When building walls, gaps may remain between elements. You cannot continue construction until all gaps are eliminated. For this, the wall pulling method can be used.

Double dovetail bar

Above, we examined the principle of building a building using the classic double beam technology. The elements were assembled without insulation, any gaskets, pins and nails. Double bar technology dovetail»Has differences, it is considered even more reliable and allows you to build buildings with a higher number of storeys and a large area.

We have already mentioned that the house kit is cut out in production strictly according to size. The corner pieces contain through holes for vertical hairpins. Inside the walls, the studs are connected and built up. After the walls have been erected from below and from above, a nut and a washer are screwed onto the studs, pulling the crowns. That is, the pins are used as pins.

A dovetail groove has been added, into which a special fastener is inserted. The connector is hammered into the groove with a mallet, placing the part with the rounded side down. It is no longer possible to pull the connector out of the bar.

The dovetail connection is made not only on outer corners walls, but also on all partitions. What does it do? Even with a strong change in the linear dimensions of the wood due to fluctuations in temperature and humidity, during shrinkage, the outer and inner perimeters may shift slightly vertically, but the overall geometry of the house will remain unchanged, the geometry of all corners will be preserved.

What is the essence of the new technology?

Even a novice builder knows that log houses have two main drawbacks - thin walls and shrinkage of the crowns. The latter occurs due to wood shrinkage. Therefore, they use techniques that prevent deformation of the walls and contribute to their effective insulation. According to existing standards, the walls of the house should be no thinner than 20 cm.

This problem can be solved by the double beam technology, which was first used by builders in Finland. The country has a small number of thick enough trees that could be used to build houses, while protecting them from severe frosts typical for the region.

Finnish engineers have been able to develop a technology that makes it possible to build warm wooden houses at relatively low financial costs. She received the name "double bar". In fact, this technology has little in common with a bar in the usual sense. Its essence lies in the fact that in order to achieve the proper wall thickness, two grooved boards are used, between which there is a layer of insulation. -

Houses using double-bar technology are distinguished by improved thermal insulation characteristics, in comparison with houses from a solid bar of a similar section. Compared to insulated glued laminated timber, this technology does not use adhesives. Ecowool or mineral wool is often used as a heater.

Double bar: production

The production of material for the construction of houses using the double beam technology differs from the manufacture of conventional profiled beams. It is carried out on special equipment - a fully or partially automated cup-cutting line.

It is carried out in several stages:

• blank production;
• drilling holes for fixing edged boards;
• cup cutting;
• grooving;
• cutting the workpiece;
• removal of residues;
• marking;
• insulation material; package.

Advantages

The main advantage of a double timber house is its high energy saving. The thickness of its walls does not depend on the diameter of the log or timber. The insulation layer is selected in accordance with the requirements specified in the generally accepted thermal engineering standards. The second advantage of the technology is the minimal wall shrinkage, fluctuating in the range of 1-2%.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

You can start full-fledged operation of a house built using Finnish technology after completing the assembly of the walls and roof.

Ordinary houses from a bar cannot be used immediately, since you need to wait until the tree dries up and the crowns "fall" into place. In this case, there is no need to wait.

The installation of a house from a double bar is relatively simple, not laborious and does not require the use of complex construction equipment, which has a beneficial effect on the construction time of the house and financial costs. In parallel with the assembly of the walls, thermal insulation work is carried out, filling the space between the boards. Walls in houses made of double timber should not be additionally insulated and finished.

disadvantages

"Double bar", despite many advantages, has a number of disadvantages. The most significant is the shrinkage of the insulation, but it occurs only when using mineral wool. There is also the possibility of cracking.

They can be formed due to uneven shrinkage of the cladding of external and internal boards used for houses erected using the "double beam" technology. Reviews of builders assure that in practice such problems do not arise at all. At least there were no comments.

Application experience in the domestic market

In the domestic market, the technology has been used recently, so no one will give guarantees that wooden houses will fully perform their functions in our climatic conditions. You just need to trust the Finnish house building experience, since they have been building houses from a double beam for over 20 years and successfully operate buildings in their more severe climatic conditions.

It is not possible to build a house on your own using this technology, since for it quality construction we need boards processed on special machines. It is also necessary to cut the spikes, grooves and docking grooves intended for corner joints. You can't do without a team of specialists and the purchase of a house kit. Therefore, it is problematic to save on financial costs.

Structural strength

Double bar technology is not comparable to conventional frame construction where the insulation is between two thin walls. In this case, everything is kept on the uneven bars. There is also a subspecies of this technology - "double mini-bar". Its construction is similar, but the walls are thinner.

Floor beams also provide increased structural strength if they are cut into walls during construction. Only dry lumber can be used in the technology, which largely affects the strength of the house as a whole. This is due to the fact that the drying of the timber leads to a loss of 13% moisture, thereby breaking molecular bonds. In the future, the timber will give exactly the same amount of moisture that it will absorb. Therefore, deformation will not occur.

Vapor barrier

For the construction of houses, the walls of which consist of several ceilings, vapor barrier is an important issue. Without its consideration, it is not recommended to carry out construction. Double timber is an exception, despite the fact that the walls of houses built using this technology, after a certain time, will inevitably absorb moisture. Therefore, there is an opinion that the insulation between the bars is a place of rot formation. At the same time, construction companies specializing in the construction of houses using this technology claim that a double beam has not previously delivered any problems. The owners' comments coincide in that it is enough to use the film only in the floors.

But there are exceptions. Some owners are concerned about the lack of vapor barrier as such, therefore, during construction, they use a windproof membrane, which is applied after the insulation. Experienced builders are skeptical about this, as it will not let the walls "breathe" freely, but they can last much longer.

Ecowool as wall insulation

When building wooden house not impregnated with synthetic resins harmful to health, the best option will be the use of harmless insulation. Optimal material is ecowool, the main component of which is cellulose. It does not rot, shrink and ignite.

The calculations for the material are as follows:

• acoustic insulation - 46 dB;
• dew point - condensation will not occur under standard conditions;
• insulation - 0.13 m2 for each m2 of the wall;
• thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.2 W / m2.

Ecowool is blown dry into the space between the bars. The height should be no more than three meters. The procedure is carried out in stages. But here certain difficulties arise: ecowool is blown into the "double bar" in the same way as inside frame walls... If the latter's wells are closed and it is not difficult to achieve the required density, then the material is filled up more and, as a result, may settle. Experienced builders have found a way out of this situation and use a special blow molding machine. V recent times nevertheless, mineral wool has found great application.

Mineral wool as insulation

The material is reliable, environmentally friendly and relatively cheap. If mineral wool is used as a heater, then it is necessary to organize a vapor barrier for the room (they do not do this for ecowool). In addition, over time, it coalesces and, as a result, empty cold cavities are formed in the walls. Therefore, the material will have to be covered with an antiseptic inside and out.

Sawdust

For wall insulation, it is recommended to use stale sawdust. If you have only fresh ones on hand, you can soak them in lime for a day and only then knead. The procedure is as follows: m2 of sawdust and two bags of cement are poured into the mixer. They moisten everything a little, mix, fall asleep in the space between the walls and tamp. A significant drawback of the material is mice, mold or dampness.

Bulk cellulose

The material effectively performs the task of wall insulation. Often, during construction, insulation is not used at all, since they believe that air itself is an excellent insulation. But it is important to understand that it serves as thermal insulation only when it is stationary. This is the task of other materials: they create big number cavities with "still" air.

Sometimes polyurethane foam is used, but it is relatively expensive, so it is not widely used in construction. At the same time, the material releases toxic substances and after a certain time it is destroyed.

The box walls are insulated with linen fiber. Chopped straw or other material that does not cake over time will also work. It is also important to keep in mind its compatibility with wood.

Gone are the days when houses were built only from logs. Wood was the only material available that no one thought about processing. The decayed bathhouse was easy to rebuild, since there were enough trees around.

Today, not every budget can handle a house made of a log or a bar, and not everyone wants to wait for the final shrinkage, which can take 2 years. But thanks to modern technologies natural materials are used sparingly and housing is built quickly and has improved performance. One of these technological methods is the construction of houses from a double beam.

House built using double timber technology

Double timber construction: the competitiveness of Finnish technology

The double beam construction technology was invented by the Finns and was originally intended for use in regions with harsh winter conditions. This method is suitable not only for building a house, it is applicable for a bath or a veranda.

Comparison of prices for materials used in different technologies (compared to double timber):

Double timber with insulation (thickness 150 mm) - 5500 rubles / m².

Profiled timber (thickness 150 mm) - 3500 rubles / m².

Rounded timber - from 5 thousand rubles / m².

Frame-panel technology - from 3.5 thousand rubles / m².

The comparison shows that the double bar technology is more expensive than the others, but the price of the insulation is already included in it. Insulating the rest of the options will equalize prices.

Reasons for the insufficient distribution of double-timber houses in Russia

The above comparison clearly speaks of one of the reasons - the customer allocates a certain budget for construction, which he is not ready to exceed.

The project of a house from a double timber can have a complex layout and an original facade. Manufacturing of some parts (joints, profiles) is possible only on high-precision woodworking machines with computer control. Without specialized equipment, the company will not take up the job.

Four-sided locking groove (wind lock) ensures high structural rigidity

About Finnish technology for the production of double timber

The double bar according to the Finnish technology "warm house" should be distinguished from the profiled analogue. If the profiled beam is made of single-layer solid wood, then the double one is a structure of two wall elements (boards) connected into a tenon due to a special profile. The technological gap formed between them is filled with insulation with heat, steam and sound insulation properties. This layering prevents condensation from forming and retains heat.

Spruce and pine wood is used for the manufacture of boards, since it is light, inexpensive and easy to process. Before use, the workpieces are dried in convection chambers. This procedure increases the strength of the wood and protects it from decay. Lumber has high consumer characteristics: it becomes lighter and stronger, does not undergo cracking and deformation.

The prepared boards are processed on machines, acquiring the shape and profile specified by the project, as well as a smooth surface. On the products, spikes and grooves are cut, fastening the timber according to the thorn-groove system. In such a system, the inter-row insulation required for log cabins or timber buildings is not needed. For a house kit, corner joints (bowls) are also made from a double bar, excluding freezing of the corners and through blowing.

House corner made of double timber (wind lock) with ecowool filling

Insulation

Ecowool (filling option) or mineral wool is used as an insulating material, the former being preferable for a number of reasons:

Appearance. Lightweight material grayish with a fibrous structure and good insulating properties (heat retention).

Composition. The basis (about 80%) is cellulose (waste paper). Additional components - boric acid and borax, which impart antiseptic and non-flammable properties to cotton wool.

Properties. Allows air to circulate without retaining moisture (the house does not need a vapor barrier, which cannot be said when using mineral wool). Protects wood from decay. Sound insulation is 1.5-2 times higher than that of mineral wool.

Thermal insulation characteristics are similar for walls:

from a double bar, 190-200 mm thick;

log, 400 mm;

foam concrete, 880 mm;

brick, 900-1000 mm.

Only qualified builders who have undergone special training are involved in the installation of walls.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses from a double beam from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-rise Country".

Advantages and disadvantages of double bar technology

The benefit of choosing a house from a double bar is determined by the advantages of the technology:

Factory quality. Modern equipment provides high precision details that is unattainable in artisanal conditions.

Timing. Wall kits are produced in 2 weeks. Assembling the walls, depending on the type of project, takes 10-15 days.

Savings in construction and operation. The construction of houses from double timber will cost 30% less than similar housing from glued profiled timber (thickness 200 mm). Energy saving is 2 times more efficient.

Construction. It is conducted all year round. No special equipment is needed to erect the frame.

Saving on the foundation. Due to the lightness of the construction, you can use pile-screw foundation, which is cheaper than a tape analogue or a monolithic slab.

Wall properties. High heat, steam and sound insulation characteristics. The front surface does not require finishing; it is treated with impregnation and, if desired, painted in the color you like.

Internal work. Engineering communications are located in the wall. Tight seams (locking joints) do not require additional caulking. The sanded wall surface is ready for varnishing or painting.

Natural wood aesthetics; internal work is coming to an end

Shrinkage. Due to the use of chamber drying material, the shrinkage does not exceed 2-3%. You can move in without spending a year waiting for shrinkage (for example, compared to a log cabin).

Eco-friendly and stylish look. Natural wood is used, without adhesives and impregnations.

Construction technology "double bar" has its drawbacks:

Requirements for the quality of the material. For the manufacture of wall elements, special equipment and personnel skills are required. Poorly dried material can cause uneven shrinkage, cracking and noticeable distortion of the walls.

Possible shrinkage of the insulation. It can happen when the technology is violated or when a low-quality insulation is used.

The complexity of the repair. If it becomes necessary to replace one of the boards, it will be almost impossible to do this without the involvement of specialists.

Video description

How a house is built in Finland in the video:

On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing houses from a double bar. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the Low-Rise Country exhibition of houses.

Double timber house: from design to implementation

No matter how simple the "double beam" technology may seem, it is logical to entrust the projects of houses and their installation to an organization that has completed projects (which will be confirmed by the portfolio). The customer can count on:

Typical project. This option will reduce construction costs as it is usually adapted to local conditions; it is permissible to make small edits to it.

Custom project (individual). It is an order of magnitude higher, since it can include engineering and geological surveys, complex technical solutions and elements (for example, a roof of a complex shape or a veranda).

Individual project with a veranda

In addition to the development of the project, the package of services for the construction company includes the preparation of a sketch, documents and estimates, the manufacture of a set of parts, and assembly of the structure. The installation of the house takes place according to the standard scheme for assembling a wooden house:

The foundation is being equipped and waterproofed.

The crown is mounted and adjusted by the level (the lower layer in contact with the foundation).

The walls are erected, then the roof.

Engineering communications are being installed.

Final (interior) finishing is in progress.

All works are guaranteed.

The strength of the structure is ensured by the method of laying wall beams and floor beams (they are cut into the walls). Another secret is absolutely dry lumber, which retained 11-15% moisture after drying.

Video description

About the features of the double bar technology in the video:

There is a kind of material - a double mini-bar, which gives thinner walls. A construction team with relevant work experience will competently cope with the construction of a house from a double beam. Independent, without skills, installation will inevitably lead to a series of mistakes. Correcting them by specialists will require unplanned expenses, which is always unpleasant.

Small house according to a standard project

Prices for houses from a turnkey double timber

The advantages of a turnkey double log house are visible to the naked eye. After the approval of the project and the signing of the contract, the customer can only enjoy the process, not bothering himself with purchasing materials, finding builders and observing their work. Specialists will take care of everything.

Companies offer double log houses, the designs and prices of which can be changed. You can reduce the upcoming expenses by choosing a cheaper mineral instead of ecowool. The thickness of the walls is also customizable.

On the market there are houses made of double timber of various sizes and for any budget. For comparison, it is convenient to divide them into categories depending on the area (Moscow region):

An area of ​​up to 100 m². The price of a house kit starts from 335-500 thousand rubles.

From 100 to 200 m². From 680-900 thousand rubles.

From 200 m². Starting from 1.2-1.8 million rubles

Garden decoration - gazebo built using Finnish technology

What can be built from a double bar

Not only houses are built using double beam technology. In this way, you can decorate a personal plot by building:

gazebo and awning;

garden, guest and children's house;

utility room (tool house).

Since the wall elements have a high-quality finished front surface, they do not need additional finishing and give buildings an impeccable eco-friendly style.

Video description

Experience shows that there are moments in the construction of a house where it is absolutely not worth saving, but there are nuances where you can not only save, but rationally spend the budget (which is a kind of reasonable economy).

A little about the bath: a view from different sides

The construction of a bath is not the cheapest pleasure, since a durable result requires high-quality materials and special construction methods. Double bar technology is able to speed up the process while delivering the desired result.

Bath walls are constantly exposed to high temperature and humidity and inevitably absorb moisture. In an effort to protect the structure, some owners insist on the use of a windproof membrane in the wall, between the insulation and the inner element of the double beam. The task of such a vapor barrier is to keep steam out of indoor space in a heater. If the protection is not installed, the damp insulation prevents the air from circulating, ceases to save heat and starts the destruction of wood.

Bath from a double bar on the shore of the lake

Construction companies, however, insist that the structure provides sufficient vapor exchange, and the additional layer violates the "breathing" properties of the tree. When using a waterproofing layer, steam will condense on it; the insulation will remain dry and the log will start to rot. According to the technology, it is enough to use the film in the floors.

Conclusion

The double beam technology, developed and tested by Finnish builders, is confidently gaining popularity among Russian customers. Most are attracted by the possibility of quick construction without loss of quality, which is so valuable in the conditions of the short summer season and frosty winter. Improper installation can destroy the most resistant wood. So that a double-bar house does not become a disappointment, and you do not have to pay for improvements, optimal solution can become a turnkey house order.

With the advent of high-quality insulation materials, the frame construction industry began to actively develop. One of the solutions is the technology of construction from a double beam, which appeared in the mid-90s of the last century in Finland, and is gradually spreading across the countries of the Northern Hemisphere.

Construction technology

The principle of the double bar technology is similar to that of sandwich panels. A double wall is laid from it, the inner space of which is filled with insulation. This achieves high heat savings and sound insulation.

The process of building a building is as follows:

1. Project preparation. There are several dozen standard projects for which all calculations have been made, but you can order an individual one.
2. Foundation preparation. Due to the light weight of the walls, the size of the foundation can be significantly smaller than for a brick house. The use of a pile or columnar solution is allowed.
3. Kit preparation. After completing the project and agreeing on all the details, a drawing of a set of walls from a double bar is sent to production. All the crowns, rafters and floors are prepared there. Each element is labeled and sent to the construction site. If necessary, technical holes are made for laying cable channels for electrical wiring.
4. Walling. When the foundation is ready, the assembly of the building from the ready-made kit begins. It is produced according to the installation diagram and markings on the parts. The assembly and insulation process takes 1-2 weeks, depending on the size.
5. Roof installation. After the completion of the assembly of the walls, the rafter system is installed and the roof is laid.

Each stage of work can be performed in isolation from the rest, therefore, the construction of a building from the moment of approval of the project to the end of construction work takes up to 1 month. Work on the erection of the foundation and preparation of the set of timber is carried out in parallel, and the set of the rafter system is carried out during the construction of the walls.

The construction using a double beam grew out of the classical methods of laying a log house, therefore it inherited the method of joining. To do this, at the connection points near the board on both sides, a groove is selected with a depth of 25%. When laying the crowns, the boards of the next row are inserted into these grooves and fixed. An overlap occurs by half the width of the board relative to the previous row. Using this connection allows you to quickly and efficiently erect a wall in a short time.

To protect against blowing on the horizontal planes of each bar, a lock is selected. Most often, it is a spike on the upper plane and a groove on the lower one. When installed one on top of the other, the spike of the lower board fits into the groove of the upper one. In this way, high-quality insulation of the connection is achieved without additional sealing.

Features of the technology "Double bar"

With great similarity with other types wood construction The double bar technology has the following features:

disadvantages

In addition to significant advantages, which favorably distinguish the technology from the general background, there are several serious disadvantages.

Firstly, the requirements for timber are much higher than those for construction from laminated veneer lumber. The inside and outside of the building are in completely different temperature conditions with different humidity. Using poor quality material shrinkage of the house is uneven, cracks may occur, divergence of horizontal seams, geometry may change.

This disadvantage can be easily eliminated. To do this, it is necessary to carefully select the wood and rely only on reputable suppliers. The moisture content of the timber should be less than 12%, then the house will practically not shrink.

Secondly, high requirements for insulation. It should not cake or sag throughout its entire service life. The inner cavity in which it is located is inaccessible after the end of construction. Because of this, replacing the insulation with a new one is impossible without partial disassembly of the building.

1. Ecowool

2. Corrugation or cable duct for electrical wiring

Thirdly, the difficulties with replacing the crowns. This problem arises with all technologies that use a bar or a log - to replace a broken or rotted crown, a partial disassembly of the structure is required. Compared to glued, double loses in physical terms and breaks more easily upon impact, so the need for replacement arises more often.

The need for vapor barrier

It is believed that outside moisture will easily be absorbed and penetrate into the interior of the wall, contributing to the growth of mold and mildew. Experience in operating buildings in different countries the world shows that there is no need for vapor barrier walls. At correct selection material and wood treatment with water-repellent compounds, the wall does not absorb moisture. Precipitation simply flows down without penetrating inside.

When condemning the vapor barrier, they often talk about the loss of the wall's ability to "breathe". Indeed, when using a vapor barrier, it loses its ability to absorb and give off excess moisture. But with properly designed ventilation, vapor barrier is not needed. A wall from a bar will cope with the removal of excess moisture on its own.

It should be noted that high-quality water-repellent impregnations can replace vapor barrier. If you update the water-repellent layer in a timely manner, using quality materials, then there will be no problems with excess moisture and mold. But vapor barrier will not protect outer beam from decay when using low-quality impregnations.

The technology of construction from a double beam has been tested by time, houses have been in operation for more than 30 years without any complaints. Buildings using this technology can be erected in any climatic zone of the country, it is important to choose a reliable contractor and not be mistaken when choosing a material.

At all times in Russia, baths were built from strong fresh logs - on a flimsy foundation, without any special treatment of the walls and intricate planning. And all because the forest was always accessible - and the bathhouse that had become obsolete after 5 years was not difficult to rebuild with a new one. But today the construction of a steam room is already quite expensive, and a high-quality timber is worth its weight in gold. That is why economical technologies of building from a log house in other countries began to penetrate so actively into Russian architecture. And the most interesting and fresh of them is the “double bar”, the main advantages of which are excellent heat and sound insulation.

Houses built using the "double beam" technology are especially popular abroad - only there are not so many logs used as a rather thin gun carriage, but that one is good too. For the Russian harsh winter, the thicker the wall material is used, the better.

Where does the double bar technology benefit?

Here are the main advantages of this construction technology:

• Virtually no shrinkage.
• Easy transportation of building material.
• The opportunity to start equipping the bath immediately.
• There is no need for additional equipment for the construction of the frame.
• No cracks or warpage.
• No vapor barrier is needed - this is a huge plus: your bath will truly "breathe".
• Mezhventsovye seals and pins are not used.
• Warm, and quite palpable.

And finally, build baths according to new technology from a double bar is not difficult, and you can keep within almost a month.

Due to the significant lightening of the structure due to the internal space, it is really not in the "double bar" - less than 1%. Which, of course, makes life much easier for many bath owners.

One of the valuable advantages of this technology, which is actively advertised, is the absence of the need for finishing. Like, a clean bar with its unique aroma - what could be better? For a bath, this option is not the best, of course, but if you are building a house from a bar with your own hands, then you can leave it that way. The fact is that high humidity sooner or later will play its role - even if the bare timber remains only in the rest room. Therefore, be sure to use special impregnations and an antiseptic. And yes, there is good news for you: you can start decorating the walls immediately after the end of construction.

What gives the structure such strength?

Of course, the technology of double timber is not even comparable to frame construction, where only flimsy thin walls surround the insulation on both sides. Remember that whatever one may say - but here everything rests on the uneven bars! By the way, there is also a subspecies of double bar - this is a "double mini-bar". The technology of its construction is the same, but the walls are thinner.

Floor beams also give additional strength to the structure - if they are cut into the walls during construction. And no one has canceled aesthetics yet. But with this technology, only absolutely dry sawn timber with dimensions of 160x50 can be used. This is the secret of its strength - when drying a bar, it loses up to 13% of its moisture, and at the same time molecular bonds are broken in it. After that, the timber will take as much moisture as it will give - and deformation will not occur.

But the majority of Russians are still looking at the new Finnish technology with some apprehension: is it possible to designate the beams as load-bearing bars, which the manufacturer reduces to 45 mm in thickness for the dual technology? On the other hand, the practice of such construction so far shows that such baths stand and stand firmly, without twisting or deforming. Moreover, the steam room itself is traditionally small.

Does a double bar need a vapor barrier?

This is almost a rhetorical question among those who build using the "double bar" technology. The fact is that a bathhouse or a house made of timber will eventually begin to absorb moisture from the environment - this is inevitable. And many believe that such insulation between the bars is perfect place to spread rot. At the same time, those firms that build in this way have been claiming for almost a dozen years that there is nothing of the kind - until now, the owners of such houses have not complained. And therefore special film you need to use only in floors - that's enough.

But nevertheless, some bath owners still worry about the lack of a full-fledged vapor barrier and use a windproof membrane during construction - applying it after the insulation. Unfortunately, among the builders, this method is jokingly called “putting a kiss over natural cotton linen” - after all, the walls from such a double bar will definitely not “breathe”. Although they will last, of course, much longer.

What is the best way to insulate the space between the bars?

This question cannot be answered unequivocally. Basically in this matter, they are guided by the fact that when insulating with ecowool, the heat flow itself is always as close as possible to the calculated one, but when using board materials expect tangible losses.

So, if you take Izospan as insulation, proceed from the following calculations: for the wall, take 110 g per square meter, and for the floor and roof - 110 and 90 g per meter from opposite sides. And, if, for example, if you insulate with ecowool, then the calculations will be as follows:

• Acoustic insulation - 46 decibels
• Dew point - under normal conditions there will be no condensate at all
• Insulation - 0.13 cubic meters for each square meter of the wall
• Thermal conductivity coefficient - about 0.2 W / m2kv

Ecowool must be blown into the space between the bars - dry, but no more than three meters high. This must be done in stages. And here a certain difficulty often arises: ecowool is blown into a double beam in the same way as inside the frame walls. But only in the latter, the wells are closed, which is why it is not difficult to achieve the required density. But here it falls asleep more than blows out - and therefore will settle. That is why, for such a process, already experienced builders use a special technique - "blow molding".

Also note that when filling ecowool between the beams, such a problem may arise: at an ambient temperature below 0 ° C, when the force reaches the required density of 70 kg / m3. your workers can simply overdo it - and the walls risk becoming bulging. It will be difficult to fix.

That's why in last years instead of ecowool, our compatriots began to more often use mineral wool and its analogues as interbeam insulation. It is more reliable, tested and no less environmentally friendly, and it costs less. But it is with basalt that vapor barrier is needed - what is its disadvantage, while ecowool almost never creates a dew point due to its special properties - it can be safely laid in a double bar without any membranes. Although mineral wool is quite warm - in terms of its resistance to a thickness of 100 mm, it corresponds to 390 mm of solid wood.

Also, do not forget that mineral wool really often shrinks, and when using it, you will have to cover with an antiseptic both inside and out.

If you use sawdust as a heater, then take it better than stale. If you got fresh ones, then soak in lime for one day and only then knead. Like this: pour a cubic meter of sawdust into the mixer and add two bags of cement. Moisturize slightly, mix well, pour between the beams and tamp. But there are significant disadvantages of sawdust - these are mice, mold and dampness. And here some craftsmen show miracles of inventiveness - they buy sawdust from basalt slabs almost for free, and they can be obtained at the place of production of those.

They are also insulated quite effectively with bulk cellulose. And they also practice today such construction, when they do not put insulation at all - believing that the air itself is insulation. But only one thing is not taken into account: air serves as thermal insulation only when it is stationary, and in wooden bath he may well "walk" due to natural convection. What is the task of heaters - sawdust, ecowool, polystyrene and mineral wool - to create at the same time many small cavities with air that will not allow it to move.

By the way, all communications connections will have to be done during the construction process - a double beam allows you to conveniently put electrical wiring into such walls, which is another significant plus of this technology.

If you want to order such a turnkey bathhouse, which is fashionable today, we have to upset you - the price for its construction is still too high today, more than 15,000 rubles for each cube of a wooden part of the wall. Why in Russia, too, no more than a hundred baths and houses have been built using this technology - after all, glued timber is not much worse than the new Finnish method, but it costs almost one and a half times cheaper. But all this does not prevent you from building a warm and environmentally friendly bathhouse. with my own hands- did you find something difficult in the end?