Make a combined bathroom in a panel house. Combining a bathroom and a toilet in a panel house: advantages and disadvantages, design stages

Bath and toilet - these are the two main types of premises in which redevelopment is most often carried out. Redevelopment work is not always an easy process, and not only because of the amount of work to be done. Any redevelopment requires the mandatory compliance of all construction process existing SNiPs and norms of the construction legislation of the Russian Federation. What are the standards for work in the "wet" areas of the living space?

Fundamental rules

In an apartment-type residential area, it is strictly forbidden to carry out redevelopment work, the result of which will be the location of a plumbing unit, shower or toilet above the living space of the neighbors' apartment, including kitchen facilities. This is discussed in detail in paragraph 3.8. sanitary and epidemiological norms and rules No. 1.2.2645-10 and paragraph No. 9.22 of building codes and rules No. 31-03-2003. Exceptions are provided for redevelopment work in apartments of a two-level type - in such a room it is permissible to place sanitary and hygienic premises above the kitchen space of the lower level of your own apartment.

That is, when planning to move or expand a bathroom, toilet or shower area, you can count on the meters occupied by non-residential space - corridors, storage rooms, utility rooms. Any attempt to increase the size of a bath or closet by adding footage above the living space is illegal. By carrying out such redevelopment, you, in accordance with the norms of building law, lower the level of living conditions for your neighbors. If such a fact is revealed, you will face an administrative punishment, and you will have to eliminate all the consequences of your own initiative at your own expense.

You can use the living space on the floor below without breaking the law only if you live on the ground floor (above the basement) or if there is a non-residential premises under your apartment, for example, a basement or a shop.

The above information fully applies to the work on the transfer of the bathroom. Moreover, work on the redevelopment of plumbing units often affects the arrangement of sewers - pipes have to be moved. The transfer of sewer pipes is not always possible in compliance with all the requirements for their location, and therefore it is more reasonable not to touch the pipes at all, but to make sewer connections using specialized pumps.

Waterproofing during remodeling

The second significant point in the redevelopment of bathrooms, showers, sanitary units of a different type is the obligation to work to ensure the waterproofing of the floor covering. The requirement is regulated in building codes and regulations No. 2.03.13-88.

Let us explain in more detail: if the reconstruction work or the relocation of “wet” zones to another place has gone beyond the level of the previous location, it is your direct responsibility to completely remove the previous coating and replace it with a new one with improved waterproofing properties. You will need not only to carry out all the necessary work in this direction, but also to draw up a special document upon completion - an act. This act requires mandatory certification in the author's supervision authority or in management company.

It is also important to understand that all redevelopment work is carried out in accordance with the agreed construction project (Appendix 1 to the Decree of the Government of Moscow No. 508). A private person cannot develop a project; project activities in the Russian Federation can only be carried out by organizations that have SROs.

Floor arrangement

The law of the Russian Federation also regulates the arrangement of floors in the premises of the bathroom, toilet, plumbing unit (for details, you can read about the requirements in paragraph 4.11 " Technical requirement and rules for design, installation, acceptance, operation and repair (in development of SNiP 2.03.13-88 "Floors").

According to the text of this document, the floor covering in the reconstructed area of the "wet" type is always kept below the level of the finished floors by 15-20 millimeters. Simply put, you will have to lay out the floors in the redesigned space below the floors in other rooms, or install a special high threshold at the entrance to the room.

Entrance to the bathroom

It is strictly forbidden by Russian building codes to equip the entrance to the sanitary and hygienic zone with a toilet bowl from the side of living rooms - bedrooms, halls, kitchens (clause 3.9 of SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10), the entrance to such a room should always be from the side of the corridor or other non-residential space type. There is an exception to the rule - it is permissible to equip the entrance to the area with a toilet bowl from the living quarters if there is a second bathroom with a toilet bowl, the entrance to which comes from the side of the corridor or other non-residential territory. The arrangement of hygiene zones without installing a toilet bowl allows organizing an entrance from any type of room.

Ventilation

According to paragraph 11.5 of all, too, Appendix 1 of Decree No. 508, issued by the metropolitan government, it is strictly forbidden to reduce the natural ventilation zone in any way. All these seductive extra meters of space are common property, and not the property of the owner of a particular dwelling. To obtain permission to use the ventilation and sewer shafts, you will need to organize a special meeting in which all residents of your house must take part.

The meeting is organized to obtain the consent of the rest of the tenants for your redevelopment activities that affect common house property (clause 5, Appendix 3, resolution No. 508 issued by the Moscow government). In practice, it turns out to be extremely time-consuming to carry out all the above measures, therefore, experts in the field of apartment redevelopment recommend not to get into the ventilation and sewer space, but to look for other options for increasing the area of the bathroom and toilet.

Finally

There are other nuances that must be taken into account when carrying out redevelopment work in bathrooms, toilets, and sanitary facilities. It will be difficult for a person who is not familiar with the standards in the field of building legislation to comply with all the requirements without violations, therefore, when planning work on the reconstruction of premises with redevelopment, it is best to turn to professionals for help.

They will be able to help you develop the right redevelopment project, coordinate it with the right authorities, and after all the work has been completed, draw up the necessary documentation in the form of acts and certify them. Contacting design and construction organizations is beneficial in the first place, because of the substantial savings in personal time and money - you do not have to study all the building codes on your own and study the list of authorities in which you need to coordinate the redevelopment of the apartment.

Moreover, for the development of a project to expand a bath or a restroom, there are standard projects applicable to most modern apartments. Using the finished project (and making the necessary additions and changes to it), you can quickly go through the approval stage and proceed directly to work.

The bathroom is the smallest room in the apartment. However, his arrangement of attention, of course, should be given no less than the rest of the rooms of the dwelling. by the most in a radical way increasing the degree of comfort of the bathroom is its redevelopment. It can be done in several ways.

Of course, when planning to make any changes to the configuration of the toilet and bathroom, certain rules provided for by the SNiP standards should be taken into account.

Optimal layout

Of course, the redevelopment of the bathroom and the bathroom should be carried out with a preliminary drafting of the project. Planning is carried out with the obligatory consideration of:

The location of the sewer riser and the passage of water pipes.
Minimum allowable distances between plumbing fixtures.

Designing bathrooms, made in accordance with all the rules, will allow you to equip a really comfortable room.

Rules for the placement of household appliances

We think this small photo gallery has convinced you that the layout of bathrooms and bathrooms should be thought out to the smallest detail. The layout of the restroom is selected primarily so that the plumbing in it could be placed in accordance with the established standards.

When planning a bathroom, you should be guided by certain standards

The design should be carried out taking into account the fact that, according to the SNiP standards, there should be at least 70 cm of free space in front of a bath or shower. Leave a passage of at least 60cm in front of the toilet. On both sides of it - 25cm. There must be at least 70 cm of space in front of the washbasin.

Redevelopment methods

How can you re-equip the toilet in such a way that it turns out to be as convenient as possible? There are several options for remodeling restrooms.

Combination

The layout of a bathroom with dimensions up to 3-4 sq m does not allow using this room with sufficient comfort even with rational placement of plumbing. Therefore, small latrines are usually combined with bathrooms. Such redevelopment allows you to give the bathroom a much more modern appearance.

A combined toilet can actually be very convenient.

Advice: You should not combine a toilet with a bathroom in apartments with too many residents. In this case, the amenities due to the increase in area will certainly be nullified by the inability to use the premises for a long time.

Due to the combination with the bathroom, the bathroom can be re-planned in a panel, block or brick house. Demolition of the partition is not such a complicated procedure in any of these cases.

Partitions in standard apartments not too thick and easy to remove

Extension with utility rooms

A small bathroom, the layout of which does not allow you to install a sufficient number of household appliances, can be expanded, including by combining with the adjoining pantry. Sometimes the restroom is also - partially or completely - expanded at the expense of the corridor. Of course, the last combination option is possible only when the corridor is not a through passage.

Thoughtful redesign. Combination of a bathroom with a pantry

It is not allowed to combine the toilet and the kitchen, as well as expanding the area of \u200b\u200bthe first at the expense of the second area. Exceptions in this regard are provided only for dwellings on the first floor. It is impossible to place toilets above the kitchens of apartments located below. It will be possible to legalize redevelopment only if these conditions are met.

Door transfer

The layout of the bathroom in Khrushchev and even in late Stalinist houses is sometimes ill-conceived and inconvenient. After moving the door in some of these restrooms, there may be additional space for installing, for example, a washing machine or even a shower cabin.

Photo of a small restroom with a shower. Moving the door in certain situations is a really expedient operation

Important: Arranging the entrance to the toilet from the living rooms is prohibited by the regulations.

Transfer of a bathroom

SNiP is allowed, including such reconstruction as moving the restroom to another place in the apartment. Of course, such redevelopment can only be done in a large dwelling.

Important: Toilets may only be moved to additional or utility rooms.

The process of transferring a bathroom requires careful preliminary planning.

Small typical bathroom: what can be done

The project of a combined bathroom or a separate one in new buildings is usually already initially drawn up in such a way that it is convenient to use this room, but it looks modern. Only the owners of apartments in old Soviet-built houses are interested in the issue of redevelopment of latrines. Therefore, further we will take a closer look at how you can convert typical tiny "Khrushchev" toilets.

Typical toilets in old apartments are usually very small.

Redevelopment of a bathroom in Khrushchev

There are only two ways to increase a separate toilet in small apartments:

Combine it with a bath.
Combine it with a bathroom and an adjacent corridor. In this case, the entrance to the kitchen is arranged from the living room.

Modern beautiful combined bathroom in Khrushchev

Any combination scheme requires the preliminary implementation of such a procedure as coordination in the relevant authorities. To obtain permission, you will need to apply first to the BTI, and then to Zhilniiproekt, SES, to the district architect, DEP, to the Housing Inspectorate, MVK and then to the prefecture. At the final stage, an inspector from the BTI will come to your house and check the compliance of the redevelopment with the project.

Optimal arrangement of plumbing

In a small standard Khrushchev toilet of 2 sq m, you can install, perhaps, a toilet bowl. After combining with the bathroom in the bathroom, it will not be difficult to place a bidet, headset, washing machine, etc.

In the combined bathroom, you can install even a small comfortable headset

Traditionally, the layout of the combined bathroom in Khrushchev is as follows: a bathtub and a toilet bowl are at opposite walls, between them is a sink. By making small changes you can add free space to such a room. To do this, the bath is changed to a shower or corner option, and the toilet is moved closer to the opposite wall or even hung directly on it.

You can beautifully arrange a typical combined restroom even without redevelopment

On a note: In a very tiny combined bathroom of 3 sq m (in old economy class houses there are such), instead of a shower stall, you can use a modern shower panel that takes up almost no space.

Shower panel in a small bathroom

The sink in a typical combined bathroom can be equipped with a long (on the entire wall) countertop and place cabinets for storing household appliances and towels under it.

Visual expansion of the area

The layout of the bathroom in 4 sq m or 3 sq m can be any. However, of course, such a room will not look especially spacious anyway. You can slightly correct the situation using various design techniques that allow you to increase the area purely visually.

Project designs of combined bathrooms. You can try to expand the area of \u200b\u200ba small restroom, including visually

This can be achieved in several ways:

Using only light pastel shades in the decoration of the shared bathroom.
Properly arranging lighting fixtures in the bathroom. Be sure to hang a ceiling lamp or a small chandelier on the ceiling. It is also advisable to use lamps on both sides of the mirror.
By designing the floor and shower area with the same material.
Using a matte finish with medium-sized elements.

Having finished the shower area and the floor with the same material, you can visually enlarge the room somewhat.

The conclusion from the foregoing can be drawn simply. When drawing up a project for arranging a bathroom, you should first of all consider the possibility of expanding due to redevelopment, think over the placement of furniture and household appliances and choose the most suitable design. In this case, the restroom will be comfortable and beautiful.

Carrying out repairs in the apartment of a multi-storey building, very often, in order to expand the space and increase comfort, it is planned to redevelop the bathroom and the bathroom. Usually this question concerns small rooms and provokes its need to place the washing machine closer to the water supply and sewerage nodes. Today, a washing machine is an essential attribute of any combined bathroom, as you can see by looking at the photo in the article.

It is recommended to initially draw up a detailed project for the redevelopment of the bathroom and involve only qualified specialists who have the necessary experience and know all the intricacies of this event. Only then can it be guaranteed high quality work done and adherence to prescribed standards.

It is important to remember that the remodeling of bathrooms in many cases is accompanied by a change in the design of the building, the laying of new communication systems and electrical wiring, which requires coordination in certain instances.

Before you legitimize the redevelopment in the bathroom, you need to draw up detailed plan with an indication of all planned redevelopments, exact dimensions and a description of the materials used. Before drawing up a project, you need to familiarize yourself with all the requirements and regulations. For example, it is forbidden to remake the bathroom and toilet if they are located above the living space or the existing walls are load-bearing.

The main stages of work during redevelopment

The whole complex of ongoing work must be decomposed in a strict sequence, which will significantly improve the quality and reduce the time spent. A step-by-step action plan before enlarging the bathroom will look like this:

dismantling of old equipment and plumbing;
destruction of unnecessary walls;
cleaning the room from the old lining on all surfaces;
relocation of the bathtub in the bathroom, laying of new communications and replacement of electrical wiring;
leveling the surface of the walls and sealing all the cracks;
priming surfaces, applying a layer of waterproofing and pouring screed;
facing the room with finishing materials;
installation of plumbing and electrical appliances;
room decoration and general cleaning.

Redevelopment of the bathroom and toilet may deviate slightly from the specified list, depending on the tasks.

Positive and negative aspects of redevelopment

Like any other type of restructuring and repair work, remodeling a bathroom also has its pros and cons, which, unfortunately, are not always taken into account. Positive indicators include:

a significant increase in space;
removing one wall, you get savings on the purchase of finishing materials;
redevelopment of the bathroom makes room for the installation of additional equipment in the form of a washing machine or bidet;
the absence of a second door, which visually enlarges the corridor.

Redevelopment of the bathroom has such negative qualities as:

significant inconvenience if more than three people live in the apartment;
foreign smells in the bathroom;
financial costs for the transfer of water supply and sewerage mains increase significantly;
tedious procedure for obtaining the necessary permits.

Before carrying out a bathroom renovation with redevelopment, it is worth carefully weighing all these indicators.

Redevelopment in a small apartment

In small apartments built back in the Soviet Union, few people cared about comfort, and redevelopment of a small bathroom in order to increase space becomes relevant. To solve this problem, it is usually enough to remove the partition between the bathroom and the bathroom, and simply sew up the second front door with drywall or lay bricks. In most cases, when transferring a bathroom in such apartments, they lay the door on the side of the bathroom and place a washing machine with furniture in this place.

It is important to remember that in small Khrushchevs, the walls of the bathrooms are part of the overall frame of the building, and for such work to be carried out, permission is required to redevelop the bathroom in the appropriate authorities.

Redevelopment in a panel house

Unlike Khrushchev, remodeling the bathroom and toilet in a panel house is much easier, since the bathroom and toilet are usually presented as a separate built-in unit and are not part of the building structure. This allows the demolition of the partition without special permits. Since the room is much larger, the remodeling of the bathroom gives more opportunities in terms of transferring sewage and plumbing systems.

In panel houses, you can increase the space in two ways:

demolish the partition between the bathroom and the toilet;
redevelopment of a small bathroom due to the space of the corridor.

The most commonly used option is to demolish the partition between the toilet, usually this is enough for a significant expansion. But many people do not accept the very fact that the toilet is in the same room as the bathroom and consider it unsanitary. In such cases, renovating a bathroom with redevelopment involves using part of the corridor to install furniture and a washing machine.

If the front door to the apartment is located close to the bathroom, then this repair option will not allow you to win a lot of space. But if the front door is located further than 1.5 meters from the bathroom, then redevelopment of the bathroom in the apartment using the corridor is quite acceptable.

Household nuances

Before planning such work, it is necessary to decide at the family council whether the redevelopment of a standard bathroom will create inconvenience for all family members. It is also recommended, even without major structural changes, to still draw up a work plan and approve it in the housing and communal services, in order to avoid possible fines in the future.

It is also necessary to take into account all possible financial expenses in advance by drawing up a detailed estimate and work plan, so that the redevelopment of the bathroom and the bathroom does not suddenly become an expensive pleasure for you in the midst of work.

A small bathroom and a bathroom in prefabricated or Khrushchev-type houses creates inconvenience for residents, and it is often impossible to install modern appliances in them. Combining a bath and a toilet solves the problem of insufficient square meters. What is allowed during the redevelopment of this room in the apartment, what documents are needed and the consequences of illegality await the residents?

What can and cannot be done

Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to solve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve exactly your problem- contact a consultant:

APPLICATIONS AND CALLS ARE ACCEPTED 24/7 and 7 days a week.

It's fast and IS FREE!

Where redevelopment is appropriate, it should be done with caution, as relocation plumbing equipment can touch engineering networks, which can cause an accident: flooding or collapse of supporting structures.

In addition, it is imperative that when carrying out repairs, waterproofing must be done on the floor, since this room is classified as “wet”, it will be impossible to legalize redevelopment without observing this rule.

Can be performed during redevelopment:

reinstallation of equipment in the bathroom and toilet;
installation of devices for high power consumption;
change of heating and gas devices;
re-equipment, expansion of openings for doors, arches in load-bearing walls, it is forbidden to create them yourself;
changing the design of the floor, if its design is not affected, then you need to draw up an act hidden works, for example, with waterproofing;
replacement of doors, if they do not lead to the expansion of the dimensions of the premises;
if the work does not relate to changing the facade of the building, then they do not need to be coordinated;
it is possible to coordinate the installation and dismantling of non-load-bearing walls and partitions between premises, except for inter-apartment ones;
installation of nets to protect against sand, insects.

Important: you can not increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe bathroom at the expense of the living room, living room or bedroom. Also, you can not place a bathroom in the kitchen if there is a room on this place on the next floor.

Such a layout will not be approved due to non-compliance with the requirements of the regulatory, technical and sanitary base.

The safety rules also prohibit:

place the entrance to the bathroom from the living room or kitchen, from the bedroom it is possible to make an entrance only if a wheelchair user lives in the apartment;
if there are two toilets, then the door of one of them should still not go to the kitchen;
waterproofing must be carried out during the repair completely, which means that you need to remove old coupler and put a new one on top, lay a tile or other waterproofing material, these works are reflected in the act of hidden works, otherwise an autopsy is performed to establish the fact;
the floor in the bathroom should be no lower than 1.5-2 cm than in the rooms, if necessary, concrete pouring and installation of a new screed in residential premises should be carried out, the need for such work can be eliminated by installing a separating threshold.

Interesting: for comfortable use of sanitary equipment, compliance with the norms of the area in front of them is required. So, in front of the shower or bath should be at least 70 cm, in front of the toilet - from 60 cm, in front of the washbasin - from 70 cm.

Replacing sanitary equipment with an identical size is carried out without notifying the service company, on whose balance sheet the house is put, and authorized organizations in the field housing construction. When changing the installation location of appliances, for example, a bathtub from one place to another, or a rearrangement with a toilet, redevelopment approval is required.

The most commonly used redevelopment scheme is the combination of a bathroom and a toilet. This allows you to install a shower cabin and free up space for a washing machine or additional equipment.

The wall between the rooms is usually not load-bearing. Its demolition does not require drawing up a project declaration, it is enough to agree on a sketch.

This is especially true for the last floors. In addition, by eliminating one doorway, a space is created that can be used to install furniture. Sometimes, according to the initial redevelopment project, shortcomings with the arrangement of plumbing equipment can be solved by moving appliances to new places.

Redevelopment of a bathroom in a panel house is made taking into account the type of building. For example, work in Khrushchev will differ significantly. It is better to entrust installation and construction to companies with SRO approval, so it will be easier to legalize redevelopment.

In panel houses, interior walls are built of metal and building plaster. Next, one of the doors of the bathroom, usually a toilet, is laid. Then, if necessary, the transfer of engineering pipes and replacement is carried out, everything is completed with wall decoration and laying tiles. The main thing is to keep the air cushion and the ventilation duct even when installing a hinged structure.

Legislation

The redevelopment process is regulated by the norms of the Housing Code, in particular, on the definition of "reorganization" and "re-planning", the procedure for their coordination and implementation. Based on the grounds for holding violators liable for unauthorized actions.

In Moscow, the redevelopment procedure is regulated by Government Decree No. 73.

Construction and engineering works are carried out subject to certain SNiPs and the requirements of the Urban Planning Code.

Based on the current legislation, the following types of work are allowed without approval:

disassembly of built-in furniture, cabinets;
air conditioner installation;
the formation of an opening in the non-load-bearing wall of the interior partition.

Alteration of the layout should not cause the following consequences:

deterioration in the performance of the premises;
difficult access to engineering networks and communications;
change in the functionality of the ventilation system.

How to coordinate the redevelopment of the bathroom and bathroom

Redevelopment is carried out in two ways:

In a simplified manner, if they do not hurt bearing structures premises

For its implementation, a sketch is enough. To do this, you need to request a floor plan from the BTI and mark the planned changes on it in red. In this form, the document is submitted with an application and title papers to the bodies authorized to approve the changes.

Scheme for minor rearrangement of equipment inside the bathroom and toilet, installation of new equipment, if the work does not concern changes in thickness, shape or other parameters ventilation shafts, since their device is provided for by the original project for the building.

In addition, these parts of the building belong to the common property of the owners of premises in an apartment building, respectively, their dismantling or replacement requires obtaining consent at a general meeting of owners. The number of “yes” votes must be at least 73%

Standard redevelopment according to the project

Such changes affect the load-bearing structures of the room and their functional purpose. They can be expressed, for example, in the demolition of the partition between the bathroom and the bathroom, the transfer of the premises to the area of another additional area, for example, a corridor or a pantry.

This method is also applicable in cases where the installation of new equipment, a bidet or a shower cabin is required, since water consumption in this case increases. Coordination is also needed in the management company, if the apartment is not installed individual counter consumption, and the calculation takes place according to a common house appliance

When developing a project, it is required to pay attention to the outlets of sewer pipes, the placement of ventilation and electrical wiring.

The development of project documentation should be carried out by a specialized organization that has the appropriate SRO approval and specializes in the development of construction acts. This will save time on obtaining permission from the Housing Inspectorate.

The reorganization of the premises, which consists in the rearrangement of sanitary equipment, refers to redevelopment and is mandatory for approval, even if the partition was not demolished.

In practice, there is also a redevelopment of a separate bathroom. Usually such changes are favorable when living in an apartment. big family in connection with the separate use of the bathroom and toilet.

What documents will be needed

A set of papers depends on the capital changes in the design of the premises.

It is necessary to provide the building supervision authorities with:

sketch on copy floor plan BTI under a simplified procedure or a redevelopment project;

sample statement;

cadastral passport;

coordination with neighbors if the changes concern their living quarters;
permission from the Housing Inspectorate;
an act on the conformity of the work specified in the sketch or project;
coordination of redevelopment from BTI;
applicant's identity card or a notarized power of attorney from a representative.

Interesting: the performance of work on changing the structural elements of the premises and changing their functionality is possible only in houses received under agreements on equity participation in construction, only after receiving a certificate of ownership certified by Rosreestr.

For an apartment in municipal ownership, it is additionally required to obtain the consent of the real estate manager - the district administration that provided housing under a social tenancy agreement or on the basis of a warrant. When several people live in an apartment, everyone needs permission for redevelopment, the same applies to shared ownership.

In the absence of the consent of at least one of them, the redevelopment procedure is carried out only through the court forcibly.

If it is necessary to register changes in the unified state register, it will be necessary to produce a new cadastral passport and a BTI technical passport as amended. These documents are transferred to Rosreestr. It will also be necessary to provide receipts for payment of the state fee to the accounting authorities.

When increasing the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises or installing new equipment, permission will also be required from the management company, on the balance sheet of which the house is located, which calculates utility bills.

When applying to the court, if it was not possible to agree on a sketch or project in the usual manner, it is necessary to draw up a statement of claim and set out in it the reason for filing the petition: refusal of the authorities to register changes, other property owners or residents to agree on redevelopment.

A responsibility

If the apartment was inherited from the former owner with alterations not included in the technical documentation, it is necessary to legalize the changes made. Otherwise, it will be impossible to dispose of the apartment until the housing is restored to its original state and the consequences of redevelopment are eliminated or permission from authorized state institutions is obtained.

In the absence of permits, a protocol on administrative violation will be drawn up. The fine for cases in this category is 2.5 thousand rubles. for individuals. However, if, as a result of making changes to the premises, the supporting structures were affected and destruction occurred, then the perpetrators are held liable on the basis of civil law norms.