Combined construction of houses: projects. House made of stone and wood Typical projects of combined houses to buy

The combined house is indeed an achievement in terms of construction. Solid base and stylish extension.

If you have already looked at some projects of combined houses and you liked them, it's time to talk a little more about them.

What are the advantages of a combined house:

It is really very durable
Fire safety increased (1st floor is a kitchen, boiler room and utility room)
More economical than their counterparts made of the same type of "heavy" materials (due to lower weight and, accordingly, savings on the foundation)

A little about technology

Such houses are divided into several types.

For example, you can take a look at the combined houses made of stone and wood developed by the company DomaSV... They contain a collection of classic European style, adapted to the Russian climatic conditions. Such a house will last for many years and there will be no need to worry about it in terms of major repairs. Reliability and long service life, proven in more than one country.

Or here's a great option, combined houses from foam blocks and wood, this is already the development of our domestic manufacturers. Lighter and more economical in price. As a design, it is not inferior to its foreign brothers.

Briefly about the types of combinations:

Stone - Profiled timber
Stone - Rounded log
Stone - Glued laminated timber
Stone - Classic timber

Well, all this can be repeated with foam concrete blocks, in any sequence.

The best for your home

Firm DomaSV is constantly developing in terms of improving the quality of the construction of stone houses. This applies to all aspects of it.

We produce the best materials ourselves and have a triple quality control.

We develop our specialists both technically and in practice.

Cooperation only with trusted banks that have proven themselves over the years.

And we always fulfill our obligations.

And it is thanks only to the complex of these measures that we can say with confidence. If you are planning to build turnkey combined house, our firm is guaranteed to provide you with the highest quality.

Construction guarantees

People who are not very closely related to construction are often worried, but will this or that option suit me? Yes, not all types of houses can be built if there are factors that are often hidden from the face of an inexperienced person. So what can you do?

Of course, contact the professionals, because turnkey construction of combined houses this is our profile and many completed projects confirm this. Construction is often a significant amount of money, and to be sure that they will not be wasted, we will give you guarantees.

All estimates are transparent and understandable. (You see where your money is spent)
The warranty period is at least five years. (Confidence that on all issues 100% help)
Additional recommendations for home use. (We work for quality and will be happy to share our experience with you)

Individual approach to everyone

You have already viewed our combined houses photo and description? Didn't find what you need or want to change something?

No problem in the firm DomaSV there are excellent designers who can satisfy the most demanding of customers.

Over the years, we have commissioned hundreds of houses. And this experience allows us to offer you a truly high-quality work or a ready-made house kit, based on your needs and taking into account the possibilities.

And of course, everyone should work according to their own profile. We know everything about construction of combined houses and are ready to prove it in practice.

Houses made of stone and wood have appeared a long time ago. Nowadays, such houses are more and more popular in.

- this is usually where the first floor is brick or stone, and the second floor is wooden.

Project of a two-storey house made of stone and wood

To build it, use or. Each floor has its own distinctive features. They can be characterized as follows:

First floor. It is characterized as a practical building. It is strong enough and stable, well suited for placing a bathroom, kitchen.
Second floor. Very warm and comfortable floor, ideal for living. It is very well suited for the location of bedrooms, an office.

Wood and stone - their description and properties

Both types of these building materials have their own advantages and disadvantages:

The combination of these two materials solves many practical problems, and also helps to compensate for the disadvantages of one material, while emphasizing the merits of the other.

Advantages and disadvantages of combined houses

Houses built of wood combined with brick, like all other buildings and structures, have both their pros and cons. The advantages of a combined house include the following indicators:

The disadvantages of combined buildings include such a significant disadvantage as the different lifetimes of wood and stone. Wooden walls are habitable for half a century. If the walls were erected from shields or in the form of a frame, then their service life will be significantly reduced.

Therefore, after a certain period of time, the moment comes anyway when the first brick floor is still strong and reliable, and the second wooden floor already needs repair.

To extend the life of a tree, it is necessary for construction to choose only high-quality, well-dried and. And also it is necessary to think over the drainage system from the walls. At each stage of construction, monitor the tightness of all cuts on the posts and beams of the building.

The durability of bricks and the natural beauty of wood are the main criteria that make a person choose these materials for centuries. And if you combine them, you can generally get a result unexpected in terms of aesthetics.

Which option to give preference: the first floor is brick, the second is wooden - or just, as shown above, use wood for the manufacture of architectural elements?

And in general, what projects of combined houses made of brick and wood can be adopted by those who decided to build a house with their own hands? You will learn about this, and much more from the material presented by us.

How wood and brick combine

Both wood and brick, with equal success, can play the role of both constructive and finishing material - therefore, they are easy to combine. If we talk about a building as such, it can be called a combined one, when at least two wall construction technologies are applied during the construction process.

Note! Since wood is less durable than brick, it is often combined like this: the 1st floor is brick, the 2nd floor is wooden - the house looks very interesting, especially if any architectural style is maintained in its design.

In addition to the fact that such combinations greatly decorate the facade, they also make it possible to really save the construction budget. The use of lighter material on the upper level allows to reduce the load on the foundation.

And then, the second floor can be built not only from heavy beams or logs - there are other alternatives.

Frame walls for the second floor

Frame technology can be considered one of them. Its essence lies in the construction of a wooden frame, which serves as the basis for creating a multi-layer structure of thick insulation, protective roll membranes, inner and outer cladding.

As a result, light and very warm walls are obtained:

It should be said that the outside of the wooden frame is sheathed with moisture-resistant plywood or OSB boards. These materials are also related to wood, as they are its derivatives. In the process of finishing, they are often painted, performing contrasting decorative joining with wooden or composite slats, which makes it possible to carry out the design "like a half-timbered", which you see in the photo below.

If the price is of decisive importance to you, then keep in mind that the construction of the second floor using frame technology gives the maximum savings. You can, of course, use it to build an entire house, but along with the indisputable advantages, there are many disadvantages. The insulation incorporated in the structure has a limited service life - after a couple of decades, the sheathing has to be dismantled in order to replace it.

The timber from which the frame is assembled, too, no matter how you handle it, but eventually decays. Therefore, in terms of service life, frame houses cannot compete with the durability of brick buildings. Add to this the increased fire hazard and attractiveness for insects and rodents - and you will understand that it is better to build the first floor of a house from bricks.

The layout in such houses is usually carried out as follows. Downstairs there are common areas: lobby, kitchen and dining room, living room. Guest rooms are also more often located on the ground floor. On the upper level, they plan bedrooms, children's rooms, equip a working area: an office or a workshop. Bathrooms in a two-story house are usually made both below and above.

By the way, in projected low-rise buildings, the frame can be provided not from wood, but from metal, which will allow introducing elements of brickwork not only downstairs, but also on the second floor. In such projects, panoramic glazing is often present, which makes such combinations even more interesting.

The concepts of many architectural styles - hi-tech, techno, minimalism - do not involve the use of wood at all. That is why such houses do not have wooden windows and traditional frame roofs constructed from wooden rafters. Their design is based on all kinds of combinations of materials such as concrete, metal, glass.

If a brick is present, then only as a structural material, the surface of which is revetted or plastered. If wood is used, then only for partial finishing, a variant of which you can see in the example below.

Well, to each his own, and there is no dispute about tastes! Further, you will be offered instructions for the installation of wooden structures, without which it is impossible to build an ordinary private house.

Wooden structures for a brick house

A brick wall is an excellent solid foundation for a second floor of wood. By and large, there is not much difference whether to make a full-fledged second floor, or to build on the attic.

The difference between them lies only in the height of the walls, and the absence of a beam ceiling in the attic.

Connecting brick and wood between floors

Since the entire upper part of the house is made of wood, which means it has a relatively low weight, an armored belt between floors can be omitted. In general, the decision on the arrangement of armored belts on the walls in low-rise construction is made depending on the bearing capacity of the wall material and the type of floor.

Note! The brick itself has the necessary strength to withstand even the weight of reinforced concrete slabs - the main thing is that the thickness of the masonry is correctly calculated for this. Moreover, it is brick, along with concrete, that is often used to arrange armored belts on walls made of foam and gas blocks. So, on this score, you can not worry, even if the walls of the second floor will be erected from a fairly heavy beam or log.

So:

If the floor is beamed, then an additional reinforcing row in the form of a steel mesh should be provided along the upper row of brickwork. Under the slab, which creates additional loads, it will be necessary to lay several rows of interconnected reinforcing bars along the walls, as shown in the photo above.

But we think that if you decide to build the second floor of wood, you are unlikely to want to complicate the work and mount concrete slabs. In any case, in order to install the structural elements of wooden walls on brick walls, anchor bolts must be embedded in the masonry, allowing mechanical fastening.

Strips of roofing material are strung onto the studs, which will serve as a waterproofing layer between the perimeter of the brickwork and the lower crown of the timber or log wall. If the second floor will be erected using frame technology, the beams of the lower trim will be similarly mounted on the brick wall. To clearly understand this process, the video in this article will allow.

Overlap and floors

Before talking about how to make a wooden floor in a brick house, you need to decide on the structure of the floors. The process of laying a frame-type floor covering, which is a wooden floor, is simplified as much as possible on a wooden joist floor.

In this case, the boardwalk is part of a multi-layer floor structure. But first, of course, you need to properly mount it - and we will try to briefly talk about how this is done.

First of all, you need to pay close attention to the quality of the timber, which will bear considerable loads:

At first it should be softwood that works best for bending.

Secondly, it is better if it is a planed, well-dried timber, the length of which should completely overlap the run - the distance between opposite load-bearing walls.

Since the walls of the first floor are built of bricks, the installation of floor beams is carried out in the same way as in all brick houses. Their length depends on the chosen method of fastening: if these are special metal consoles, then it is equal to the length of the run.

When the ends of the beams are laid in specially provided nests in the wall, then the necessary margin must also be taken into account: 12-15 cm from each end. The only thing that should not be forgotten is that the wood should not be in direct contact with metal or brickwork anywhere.

Therefore, the ends of the beams are wrapped with a protective material, without tightly closing the ends, and shock-absorbing gaskets are installed under them, if necessary. To prevent the appearance of cold bridges, the free space of the recesses into which the ends of the beams will be wound is filled with insulation.

As for metal fasteners, it must be stainless, otherwise its corrosion will provoke the process of decay in the thickness of the wood. The construction of the attic floor is similar to the interfloor version. Only the fastening of the beams to the wooden wall is done in a slightly different way, and their cross-section may be smaller - in any case, if the attic is uninhabited.

Since the space between the beams is then filled with insulation, the spacing of the floor elements is selected based on the width of the material, but usually does not exceed 60 cm.The beams can, of course, have a square section, for example: 150 * 150 mm, but this size is mainly used when they want to use them in the design of the ceiling.

The most economical in terms of wood consumption is the option with a section of 50 * 150, or even 50 * 180 mm - that is, in fact, this is a thick board installed on the edge. You can see an approximate assembly diagram of a beam floor in the picture above. Here, the insulation is laid on the boards with which the ceiling of the lower room is hemmed.

But there is also another version. Skull bars of a small section are mounted to the sides of the beams, on which wooden boards or plywood are laid. This approach gives more possibilities for decorating the ceiling of the lower room - for example: there you can install a stretch or suspended ceiling.

A vapor barrier membrane is mounted on top of the beams, which simultaneously plays the role of a shock-absorbing layer. Then, as a rule, in the transverse direction, a counter-lattice is packed - it will serve as the basis for installing the floor covering. If you do not want to make a boardwalk, but, for example, lay a roll covering: linoleum, carpet, or build in a warm floor system into the "pie", then you first have to mount a subfloor made of plywood or chipboard.

A very similar scenario is used to fill the frame walls. If the second floor of your house will be built using this technology, then along the upper perimeter of the walls, as well as from the bottom, the horizontal strapping of the racks will be mounted. By the way, the strapping beam here will play the role of a Mauerlat, which serves as the base of the roof truss system.

By the way, regardless of the structure of the walls or floors, it is always built of wood. In addition, few people would think to install plastic joinery in the openings of wooden walls - so, here you cannot do without wood. The technology for installing wooden windows in a brick house does not differ much from the process of installing them on log or frame walls, and instructions on this topic are easy to find.

And also, you can make a balcony and shutters out of wood, decorate a porch beautifully, build a terrace at the entrance, put a capital shed or an elegant pergola.

There are a lot of options for using wood in home design: both outdoor and indoor - and for those who love and know how to work with it, there is a wide field for creativity. It remains only to apply your talents in practice, and then admire the fruits of your labor and enjoy the energy of the tree for many years.

Modern homes are distinguished by a variety of architectural styles and provide an extensive field of activity for unusual design solutions. Nowadays, low-rise houses and cottages are very popular. For those who strive for the exclusivity and sophistication of building their home, there is an excellent solution - a combined type house.

The history of the chalet

The combined stone house combines environmental friendliness, durability and individuality. They can combine wood and stone, timber and brick. They are very practical and sometimes even cost effective.

Combined buildings have been used for a very long time. Their ancestors are the homes of alpine shepherds or the so-called chalets. These buildings had a stone bottom, and the superstructures and terraces were made of lighter materials or wood. Now such structures are firmly entrenched in our lives.

Advantages and advantages of combined buildings

Combined house designs built with mixed materials are very practical. Their advantage over other housing options exceeds all expectations. Usually the lower part of a combined house is built of stone and is considered to be non-combustible. This is, above all, excellent fire protection.

In this part, premises are designed that need reliable protection from fires: a kitchen, a garage, a sauna, a bathhouse, and household premises such as a laundry or a boiler room are located. In addition, stone and wood are environmentally friendly building materials and have high strength, which ensures the durability of the building.

Another advantage of a combined type building is heat saving. The lower floor, made of bricks, will keep it cool even in hot weather; in winter it is kept warm by the heating system. The upper tier of the building is made of wood and, according to the laws of physics, it will always remain warm, even in the absence of heating, since wood perfectly retains heat, and it usually goes up.

But the main advantage of such buildings is their low cost, because the materials used for construction can be purchased in your region and do without delivery from other areas, which significantly reduces their cost, and construction does not require the involvement of special equipment and the terms of their commissioning are significantly reduced.

In addition to all these advantages, the combination diversifies the architecture, allows for free planning and an individual solution in the decoration of facades and interiors.

The choice of material for construction

In the construction of combined houses, stones of natural origin can be used, but their cost will be very high. To reduce the cost of construction estimates, foam blocks, bricks are usually used during the construction of the first floor, or monolithic concrete is poured, since it is this tier that will bear the main load.

In the construction of the second floor, a lighter material is usually used - natural beams of coniferous trees or aspen. Most often, to reduce the cost of cost, a house is built from a combined bar. This is not inferior in design and quality to buildings made of natural materials.

Thanks to a special manufacturing technology, a building made from this material will last even longer than from natural wood.

Combination of materials in construction

Brick and wood play the same role as a finishing material, so they can be easily combined. Building a house made of combined bricks may not require additional finishing of the facade, since the combination of wood-brick in itself looks attractive, the main thing is to choose the right architectural style.

It is not necessary to design the structure according to the scheme, the first floor is stone, the second is wood. It is possible to envisage the frame of the second floor not made of wood, but of metal, then in the construction of the second floor there will be elements of masonry or panoramic glazing, which will give the cottage a more interesting architectural option.

If the combined house provides for three levels, then it is safest to execute it according to the project: ground floor - a monolith of concrete; the first is a brick, and the second is a wood, timber or metal frame, followed by display glass.

Combined facade finishing

The combined building does not have a specific style in the design of the facade. When choosing a building project, it is important to decide on its finishing. It can be decorated in the same style, which will remove the external distinction between the first and second floors.

Options for such a finish can be different: facing brick masonry, panel decoration or decorative plaster. An alternative design option can be a combined facade of the house. This is the difference in finishes for the bottom and top of the house.

The first floor can be faced with bricks, natural or decorative stone, ceramic tiles. If the second floor is made of timber, then it can be left in its original form, simply covered with varnish, or it can be revetted with clapboard or wall panels.

Disadvantages of combined houses and project choice

Having made for oneself a choice in favor of a combined construction, one must also take into account its disadvantages. We must not forget that the stone will last longer than wood and the service life of the first and second tiers is not the same. Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to carefully study what technologies it was produced with, make a choice in favor of high-quality wood, and to assemble the frame, it is better to turn to specialists.

It is also required to pay attention to the correctness of the supply of communications in order to avoid moisture ingress on the wooden base and the quality of sealing of all wooden structures.

Before taking on the construction of a house, it is important to decide on its external architecture, to make a choice of design and a project of the building itself. To do this, you can contact construction companies, study photos of combined houses, get advice from an experienced designer and then the dream of a two-story cottage will become a reality.

Photo of combined houses

The desire to have their own country house forces many residents of the metropolis to invest fabulous sums in construction. And the more intricate the cottage project is, the more financing of the construction should be. At the same time, the price of a finished house to a large extent depends on the material used for construction. And since stone is mainly used for the installation of houses in Russia, the cottage costs a pretty penny. However, there is a very productive method of saving family money on the construction of their own nest - cozy and durable houses made of stone and wood. So, as a result of the combination of materials, it will be possible to save on the installation of the entire structure.

Types of combined houses

The use of diverse building materials in the construction of houses has been known in history since the 15th century. And the main harmonious combination was the combination of stone and wood. Such a tandem allows you to make a powerful supporting base (or first floor) and mount an already lightweight version of the second floor or attic made of wood above it. The most popular examples of such combinations are:

Half-timbered houses... They originate from Eastern Europe and Scandinavia. The construction of such buildings is based on a wooden frame, which is filled with a natural stone block. Or this same timber frame is mounted on a pre-arranged stone lower floor. The house takes on the outlines of reliability, massiveness and fortress.
Chalet houses. They are also familiar as hunter's houses. These buildings came to architecture from the mountainous Alps, where shepherds and hunters equipped themselves with shelters in order to hide from the changeable weather of the mountains. Snow or unexpected winds, rains or hot sun - all this could overtake the shepherd in the mountains at any moment. It was as a refuge that strong chalet cottages were erected, based on a strong stone (basement) floor and a wooden attic, sheltered from snow and wind by a sloping roof. Such a house made of wood and stone today has turned into a special style of architectural direction.

Important: the basic rule when combining materials in a building is to install a lighter floor over a heavier one. And even if the house will have three floors, the bearing capacity of building materials should go downward from the bottom up. For example, a concrete basement, then the first floor of blocks or bricks, the third floor is exclusively wooden.

Types of material combinations

The construction of combined buildings is similar to the work of a sculptor. Here it can be interpreted in such a way that the finished cottage turns out to be unlike any of the neighboring ones. Moreover, most often the developer uses the following types of combinations:

Monolithic reinforced concrete and rounded logs. Here de can be used coarser chopped round timber of hand processing. Note that a reliable reinforced concrete level acts as a basement semi-basement floor. It is subsequently sheathed outside with clinker tiles or simply plastered. The use of a reinforced concrete monolith in the form of a basement floor is relevant on non-powdery soils with a low level of groundwater.
Combination of a brick ground floor with a lighter and more even timber. In this case, either a strip reinforced concrete foundation or a monolithic slab is mounted under the house. Everything depends on the type of soil on the site and the level of groundwater on it. It is worth noting that bricks and beams, which have a perfectly even shape, create an original tandem for installing a house in the style of half-timbered construction.
You can also mount a three-story house made of combined materials. Combined houses made of foam blocks and wood on top of a monolithic basement level are relevant here. At the same time, the house will acquire the final appearance thanks to the exterior decoration of the stone floors chosen by the developer. The tree will speak for itself.
And there is also a cheaper combination of materials from a bar or log on the first floor and a frame-panel structure on the second. But this technology is used for small cottages and, if desired, significantly save money.

Important: in any of the cases of installing a stone first level, the fire safety of the finished house increases several times. Since it is in the basement (lower) level of the house that all the auxiliary and utility rooms are located, such as the kitchen, garage, boiler room, workshop, fireplace room, etc.

Advantages of houses made of composite material

The construction of a combined house has a number of advantages over the installation of a homogeneous cottage. Especially if it was originally planned to mount the whole house of stone. So, the main positive aspects of such a construction are:

Substantial savings in the construction budget. Moreover, money is saved not only due to the cost of diverse materials - stone and wood. The estimate is melting before our eyes as a result of the fact that houses made of bricks or blocks and beams end up having less mass than a completely stone building. As a result, a lightweight type of foundation can be mounted under such a house. But it is the basis that most often costs about 30-40% of the total construction budget. In addition, it will be possible to save money on the hiring of workers for the installation of the cottage. That is, the payment to the masons will be less than if they were building a completely stone house. And the rental of special equipment for the device of a combined house is cheaper.
Wide architectural possibilities. Most often, for the device of combined houses, non-standard projects of combined houses made of brick and wood are used. Here, the extensions of the left or right wing of the house may prevail as a territory for a utility room. At the same time, this area of the cottage is also reliably sheltered from precipitation by a sloping roof, like any other part of the house. You can also hide from prying eyes all the utility rooms in the basement, and leave only the cozy and comfortable rooms of the first floor and the attic for the guests to see. Stained glass windows, a mansard balcony under the roof itself or a spacious terrace from the eastern part of the cottage are used as the surroundings of the house.
It is also worth noting that you can move into a combined house immediately, but using only the first or basement floor. Since the stone is not subject to natural shrinkage, the interior finishing of the lower level can be carried out immediately after the completion of construction. The upper wooden level should be given time to shrink and only after that internal work should be started.
The heat capacity of a combined house will be several times higher than that of a house completely made of stone. After all, the tree perfectly keeps heat, which means that the heating of the first floor is of high quality, you can also ensure the optimal temperature of the second level. Hence, by the way, and the savings on the maintenance of the finished house.
In addition, the stone lower floor is more resistant to seasonal changes in the ground, which means that a longer service life of the finished cottage will be ensured.
In addition, it is the wooden part of the stone-wood combined house that provides optimal microcirculation throughout the room. After all, the tree breathes constantly, regardless of temperature changes outside and inside the building.

However, the combined cottage also has one significant drawback - the difference in the service life of building materials. So, a stone is able to provide a house with a life of 100 years or more. While the upper level of the cottage, made of timber or logs, will require repair in 30-40 years. However, such a nuance can be interpreted as a positive moment - there is a chance to reschedule the attic level to meet the needs of an increased family. That is, both children and grandchildren can be provided with a separate spacious room in a cozy strong house.

The nuances of building a combined structure

In order to competently combine two types of building materials with each other into a single and strong monolithic structure, several basic requirements must be observed:

So, you need to combine wood with stone using special steel pins mounted in the masonry. In this case, the stone surface before the installation of wooden crowns must be waterproofed.
The tree, in turn, before laying without fail is treated with antiseptics and fire retardants in order to increase its fire safety and resistance to decay.
The stone part of the house is finished with plaster or cladding. And the decorative design of the wooden level, if necessary, is performed using lining. Although wood is an independent and harmonious building material.

Features of the design of combined buildings

In order for a house made of aerated concrete (brick, foam concrete or reinforced concrete monolith) to become a real haven for the whole family, during its construction (at the design stage), several nuances must be taken into account:

So, in the lower part of the cottage, all auxiliary, household and public premises are usually located. If the house has only two levels, then lounges such as a billiard room, fireplace, living room will be arranged here. At the same level, but at a distance from the "noisy" rooms, you can arrange a study. If the house is supposed to have a basement level, then it is here that all the household rooms are arranged. On the ground floor there is a kitchen, a dining room, a fireplace and an office. And already in the attic, they design all the rooms for sleeping. The nursery can also be located here.
An excellent solution is offered by such house projects, where on the ground floor they arrange a room for a family business. It can be a workshop or atelier, a small shop or an office. Autumn is convenient to work with your family, without leaving your home and without spending time on the road to your workplace.

Advice: but in this case it is worth making sure that all household members have a separate entrance to the house, hidden from prying eyes. Better if it is a courtyard hidden by a fence. Such a combined house project is a great option for a large family.