How to build a toilet in the country. Do-it-yourself country toilet step by step - building instructions

It should be remembered when planning to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands - step-by-step instructions will be special for each of the options, of which there are quite a lot. Structures can work different principles, and materials for construction are selected based on their cost, durability and aesthetic appeal. Experts recommend that before purchasing materials and building a toilet, not only carefully consider the chosen option, but also make necessary calculations, find the best place for installation, draw a diagram or drawing.

When choosing a design in order to build a toilet in the country with their own hands, they are guided, first of all, by the comfort of using the building. Moreover, not only visiting the toilet should be convenient, but also its maintenance. To make right choice, you should familiarize yourself with the features of the operation of each of the options for toilets.

Pit latrines

The easiest option for waste disposal is a do-it-yourself toilet pit in the country. A house is installed above it, in everyday life it is often called, depending on its appearance, a “birdhouse” or “hut”, the degree of comfort of which depends on the capabilities of the master. The pit is cleared with the help of a cesspool machine. Similar structures - not the most perfect, but due to the simplicity of the device and cost-effectiveness, they remain popular and in demand if we are talking about suburban areas where the owners do not appear often. Toilets with cesspools also suitable for cottages with a small number of people.

In the photo, a diagram of the device of the toilet above the cesspool

backlash closets

Backlash-closet is an improved design of a toilet with a cesspool, its distinguishing feature is the complete tightness of the drive. The backlash closet can be arranged in such a way that the toilet is in a heated room (house), and the drive is outside it (usually near the wall adjacent to the toilet). The toilet bowl with the drive is connected by an inclined or vertical pipe, through which the waste flows by gravity into the tank. Due to tightness, the backlash-closet storage tank can only be cleaned with the help of vacuum trucks. play closet more convenient and hygienic than a regular toilet in a country house with a cesspool.

When arranging a play closet, the toilet is located in the room, which is an advantage of this type of construction

Powder closets

Powder closets are great in cases where when there is groundwater in the area close to the surface. This feature can cause trouble when installing other structures, but will not affect the operation of the powder closet. A significant advantage of this variant of the country toilet is the possibility at minimal cost turn waste into environmentally friendly organic fertilizer . Powder-closet got its name from the principle of operation - the waste in the drive is sprinkled (“powdered”) with a dry composition (peat or peat-sawdust mixture). As a result, the occurrence of putrefactive processes is prevented, and the likelihood of unpleasant odors is minimized. Waste, sprinkled with peat, as the toilet tank is filled, is unloaded into compost pit where they turn into compost.

Powder closets can be stationary with bulk storage or compact portable. In the second case, a small-sized structure can be brought into the house at night or during rain.

Dry closets

The dry closets that have become popular, which are a ready-made compact toilet bowl, have really proven themselves during operation. Their principle of operation can be similar to the work of peat powder closet. Processing and decomposition of waste in such peat dry closets occurs with the help of a peat mixture.

In other models for processing it is possible. The composition of dry or liquid fillers includes cultures of certain types of bacteria.

In chemical models, the active substances for waste decomposition are chemicals. When choosing, it should be borne in mind that safe and effective fillers are more expensive than others, and some substances used by ignorant gardeners (chlorine, formaldehyde, etc.) are prohibited due to toxicity.

Choosing a place to build a toilet

Telling how to make a toilet in the country with their own hands, experts usually place special emphasis on where it is better to place the structure. In this regard, there are absolute requirements that must be met in any case. They determine the minimum distances from the toilet to residential and utility buildings, water sources and other objects:

to a house that has a cellar or basement, as well as to a garage or barn with similar underground structures - 12 meters,
to the source drinking water- 25 meters,
to a barn without a cellar, garage or sauna - 8 meters,
to the fence - 1 meter.

Placing the building according to the wind rose will allow you to install the structure so that bad smell did not cause inconvenience to the owners and did not interfere with the neighbors.
If the site is distinguished by the complexity of the terrain, it is recommended to choose a flat place for the toilet, and if there is a source of water in the country, the toilet is located below it in level.
If it is necessary to use the services of a sewage machine for pumping out the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of its access to the cesspool, taking into account the length of the equipment hose.

Material selection

Building a toilet in the country with your own hands is possible from various materials. The choice is determined by cost and availability various options. For example, if outdoor toilet is arranged as a temporary structure during the construction of a full-fledged sewer system, you can choose cheaper materials. If the cottage is visited only in the summer and an outdoor toilet is the only option, it is better to prefer reliability and durability, even if additional costs are required.

wooden models

Wooden outdoor toilets are probably the most common option. It combines economy and practicality, however, it should be borne in mind that wood is susceptible to moisture. To protect the material, you can use special impregnations. It is possible to significantly increase the service life of the material, primed and painted boards. Lovers of the natural texture of wood often cover structures with a transparent moisture-proof varnish.

brick toilet

A brick toilet is a capital structure that will stand without requiring repairs for decades. The cost of materials for such a construction is higher, but if you have some bricks left after building a house or garage, you should take advantage of this opportunity. If you are planning to build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, do not forget that massive construction requires foundation. Experts recommend choosing for a country toilet strip foundation. It requires less excavation, reduces the consumption of cement for pouring, but ensures the reliability and safety of structures on almost any soil. Although for structures made of lighter materials, it is also possible to use a columnar foundation.

The use of corrugated board

country toilet from corrugated board - this is a frame structure sheathed with sheet metallic material. The corrugated board has a coating that protects it from moisture, so it can be used for outdoor buildings without any risk. The frame of the building is wooden or metal of your choice. The use of corrugated board can significantly reduce the construction time of the toilet.

Construction of a pit latrine

If you are building such a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands, the step-by-step instructions begin with the drive device.

Digging a pit. Its volume is usually calculated based on the conditions of use (number of people, frequency and duration of visits to a summer cottage, etc.). Usually a pit with a depth of 2 meters is enough. The cross section of such a pit is a square with sides of 1 meter or a circle with a diameter of one meter. These parameters can be slightly increased, taking into account the need to strengthen the walls of the pit.
bottom execution. by the most in a simple way may be backfilling the bottom with rubble or gravel. However, this method does not exclude the partial penetration of waste from the toilet into the soil. If groundwater is located in an area close to the surface of the earth, it is better to make the bottom impermeable, for example, by flooding it concrete mortar.
Wall reinforcement. You can strengthen the walls of the cesspool under the toilet in the country with your own hands with brickwork, concrete rings or concrete mortar using flood construction technology (the mortar is gradually, no more than 50 cm in height at a time, poured into the formwork). In all cases, it is important to ensure the tightness of the structure (fill the seams between the rings, avoid gaps when making brickwork). For guard surface water in the area from the entry of sewage into them, the walls can be plastered or covered with a waterproofing layer for greater reliability.

Important: If the groundwater level in your area is higher than 2.5 meters, then the cesspool must be completely sealed, including the bottom.

After that, the selected house design is erected over the pit. Most often in such cases, a wooden structure is arranged.

Construction of a wooden house step by step

Toilet ventilation

Despite the fact that the correct arrangement of a country toilet with your own hands allows you to minimize the appearance of an unpleasant odor, and many models exclude the occurrence of putrefactive processes in the mass of waste, a toilet in the country, made with a cesspool, or other design must be provided with ventilation.

The ventilation pipe is inserted into the accumulator by at least 15 cm. Light and durable plastic sewer pipes with a diameter of 100 mm are well suited for these purposes. For stability, they are attached from the outside to the wall of the building with metal clamps. The ventilation pipe should rise about 50 cm above the roof. The ventilation pipe is protected from rain and debris by means of a deflector installed at the end of the pipe.

Construction of backlash closet

If you are deciding how to build a toilet yourself in the country, the backlash-closet should be considered as one of best options. It is very simple to implement and does not require significant expenses. At the same time, such structures are more comfortable than conventional "birdhouses" with holes.

First of all, it is important to choose a place for excavation. The waste pit, unlike many other structures, is carried out directly next to the house, since the toilet from which drains will flow will be located inside the house. So, it is required to designate a place for the toilet inside the room and a place for the drive near the adjacent wall. The depth of the pit must be at least 1 meter, and its walls must be completely waterproofed. Experts recommend making the bottom and walls of the tank from poured concrete, followed by coating the structure that has gained strength with a waterproofing layer (for example, bitumen). You can increase the reliability of waterproofing with the help of a clay castle (the thickness of the layer is at least 0.5 m).

The upper part of the toilet pit is closed with a double lid - a layer of heat insulator is installed between the layers of cast iron and wood. Gravity of waste can be ensured by the slope of the pipe that leads from the toilet bowl to the storage tank (in this case, at the construction stage, it is necessary to provide an inlet for it, and after entering it, seal the seam) or the design of the tank itself (an expanding pit with entry under the house in the direction from the toilet to the street with sloping floor). Ventilation is required for backlash closet. In the cold season, the efficiency of the hood can be ensured by the temperature difference, and in the summer it is better to use an exhaust fan.

Powder closet device

If you build such a country toilet with your own hands step by step, the instructions will be quite concise. The simplicity of the device is explained, among other things, by the fact that the powder-closet does not require the construction of a pit. For compact structures, earthworks are not needed at all, and for stationary structures, a recess in the ground may be required, in which storage capacity(bucket or tank). The powder-closet device is reduced to installing a container for collecting sewage under the toilet seat and supplying the toilet with a box with backfill (peat, sawdust, etc.) and a scoop. Waste should be disposed of after each visit to the restroom.

Video

How to build a toilet in the country with your own hands, the video will demonstrate clearly. The video lists necessary materials with dimensions, tools, as well as a sequence of work with comments.

Toilet in the country photo

Here we have selected a few photos on the topic of our article "How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands."

Accustomed to urban comfort, we try to country life make it comfortable. Agree, what kind of convenience can we talk about if there is no restroom on the territory? About the organization latrine care must be taken at the initial stage of arranging your land plot.

Having step-by-step construction instructions, building a toilet in the country with your own hands is not so difficult, it is more difficult to choose a place for it and a model that suits you best. But we will help you do it.

We will introduce the rules of arrangement and typical types of country toilets. In the article you will find step by step instructions with drawings that will help build a full-fledged bathroom on the site. And to help the novice master, a video is attached to the article, clearly demonstrating the process of building a closet on the site.

The toilet is not a simple outbuilding. When constructing it, you need to remember some rules, the observance of which will help you not to spoil relations with your neighbors in the country and eliminate possible problems during the subsequent operation of the latrine.

Based on the rules listed below, we will choose appropriate place for the future building.

It is important that the country toilet is located as far as possible from the water intake point, and if The groundwater approach the surface of the earth closer than 2.5 meters, a latrine with a cesspool cannot be installed at all

The list of requirements for the remoteness of the toilet from other objects located on the site:

12 meters- to the house, as well as a barn or garage, in which there are underground structures such as a basement or cellar;
25-30 meters- to the source of water intake for drinking;
8 meters- to a bathhouse and a barn or garage without basement structures;
1 meter- to the fence.

Of course, all sites have individual characteristics that must also be taken into account. If the territory has a difficult terrain, then for the restroom you need to choose a flat area located below the source of drinking water. It is important that feces do not come into contact with groundwater.

If sewage needs to be periodically pumped out, it should be possible to drive a sewage truck to the place of work. Of course, you should take into account the wind rose of your area so that spicy smells do not annoy either you or others.

All these rules are easy to remember, because they are dictated by common sense. It is this approach that should be followed when choosing a structure that you will build on your own site.

Types of country toilets

The main feature that is used to classify outdoor toilets is the way the accumulated waste is disposed of. All the rest, including the construction material, are secondary.

Do-it-yourself country toilets are divided into two large categories: those that have in their design and those that do not have it.

Of course, the types of booths mentioned below are far from complete list, because there is also a fantasy, the flight of which cannot be limited. For example, here is a cabin-carriage in which a dry closet and a washbasin are installed.

Cabins for latrines can be bought at ready-made or do it yourself.

They are divided into several types:

house;
hut;
hut;
birdhouse.

They differ from each other appearance, sizes, etc. Usually summer residents choose a booth that best suits their aesthetic perception.

Image Gallery

The construction of such a toilet, as a rule, does not cause any difficulties. In fact, the sewer complex in this case is represented by a booth and a deep pit. It is in it that the waste of the life of the inhabitants of the cottage comes. There they accumulate, evaporating or partially soaking into the ground.

When it comes to a toilet with a pit, the imagination immediately draws a building with a hole that you have to aim at, but after all, everything can be conceived and made much more modern and neat

Of course, for servicing the cesspool, it is still better to involve a sewage machine, with the help of which waste is removed and disposed of. The size of the pit, the number of users and the intensity of use of the latrine are factors that affect the frequency of calling vacuum trucks.

Sometimes the problem is not solved the best way: they simply fill up the cesspool, digging a new one nearby. This can only be done if the pit was shallow, and the groundwater is located no closer than 2.5 meters from the surface. As a rule, a fast-growing tree is planted over a filled container.

As for the part of the restroom that is located above the ground, a variety of materials can be used for its construction:

traditional wood;
metallic profile;
slate;
bricks, etc.

The durability of any of these structures depends on the strength of the frame, and ease of use - on thermal insulation and ventilation quality.

Option 1. Budget building made of wood

The obvious advantages of using wood for the construction of a latrine are the relative cheapness of this material and the simplicity of the work performed. The plank frame is quite simple to build. You don't need any special skills to do this job.

A brand new wooden latrine looks very elegant, especially if it is impregnated with a special protective compound for wood and varnished

In addition, the structure made of wood is lightweight, and hence mobility. If there is a need for a new cesspool, the above-ground structure does not have to be disassembled and reassembled in a new location. You can just move it gently.

There is another obvious advantage of a wooden toilet. If you use fantasy, then this building can become a real decoration of a summer cottage. It can be stylized as a fabulous house or teremok.

However, along with the advantages, wood has a whole list of disadvantages:

drying out, cracking and deformation under the influence of direct sunlight;
burnout from ultraviolet radiation;
deformation of the frame, mold and fungi - the result of the influence of high humidity.

We should not forget about wear and tear - the effect of time.

If this building is not looked after, then in just a few years it can turn into a wretched wreck from horror films.

Yes, an outdoor structure needs protection. To this end, the boards are treated with a primer, after which a special exterior paint or varnish is applied to their surface, which beautifully shows the specifics of wood.

Option #2. Steel profile construction

There are several options for creating a simple and functional structure from a metal profile, which differ from each other in the material used to make the frame of the structure. In the first case, the frame will be wooden, and in the second - metal.

Metal carcass can be welded, for example, from a corner. But, of course, to solve this problem, you need welding machine and the skills to use it.

At the next stage of work, the base is sheathed with a metal profile using self-tapping screws or rivets. When using self-tapping screws, protective washers should be used to prevent moisture from entering the attachment point.

Washers will protect structures from corrosion, and it will last longer. Has protective properties special coating, applied to the sheets of metal profiles in the process of its production.

It is better to place a metal profile structure in a shaded place, because in the heat the metal is very hot. To reduce the negative consequences of overheating of the internal space, foam sheets, which are used for inner lining restroom.

Option #3.Major brick bathroom

A brick building is indeed a capital structure. On the one hand, this is good: it is less exposed to negative external factors and will last a long time. But a capital structure, especially if it is, cannot be moved from place to place.

Therefore, it is necessary to think in advance and well not only the location of the toilet itself, but also the method of cleaning the pit under it.

The brick toilet looks monumental: pay attention to it concrete base. It cannot be moved, but it does not matter, because the choice of a place for it must have been well thought out.

It is advantageous to build such a structure in the case when the brick remains after the construction of the main cottage or garage. This, by the way, will give unity to the entire complex of buildings.

Please note that between the above-ground structure with and underground parts buildings should be located concrete floor. The total cost of such a toilet will be decent.

Toilets without a pit

If your site has rocky soils close to the surface or there is high level groundwater, then you can not dig a hole. How to make a toilet in such a country house? The way out of this situation is the construction of a structure that functions in accordance with other principles.

These restrooms include:

bio or chemical toilet;
powder closet;
play closet.

Each of these restrooms has its own design features that are worth talking about.

No. 1. Hygienic backlash closet

The German word "luft" means air. Backlash closets got their name because they have separate ventilation for the bathroom and cesspool. In this design, a pit dug in the ground is replaced by a sealed container.

Moreover, this storage tank for waste can be located outside the bathroom itself. Typically, it is placed at rear wall the main heated building with a toilet.

In this particular case connecting pipe between the toilet seat and the tank is installed vertically so that waste products can fall into the sealed storage tank by gravity

The storage tank and the toilet are connected by a pipe. If the toilet is located above the room with the tank, then the pipe is installed vertically.

For the tank located behind the wall, an inclined pipe is intended. Sewage must enter the drive under the influence of gravity - by gravity.

To maintain the backlash closet, you need to contact the vacuum trucks, which will periodically empty the drive. To facilitate their work, the sewage tank is given an elongated shape. Of course, this version of the toilet is more hygienic than those considered earlier.

Difficulties in the operation of the backlash closet arise in the cold season, when the drive has to be heated in order to clean it.

No. 2. Waste-free powder closet (peat toilet)

A distinctive feature of the powder closet is a small capacity, only 20 liters, which is placed directly under the toilet seat.

This type of restroom is considered the most effective in cases where the groundwater level at the location of the cottage is close to the surface and because of this earthwork is limited.

Even if the dacha is just a bare piece of land without a single building, you still can’t do without the main thing - the toilet. The need for this uncomplicated building arises after a few hours of staying at their summer cottage. Despite the fact that we all imagine what a toilet should look like and what needs to be done, it’s still not worth rushing. First of all, you should study the site in order to understand what type of country toilet can be built in a particular case, because there are several of them. Then you need to decide where exactly you can put the toilet, while observing sanitary rules and norms. And only after that you can proceed directly to the construction. There is nothing complicated in making a country toilet with your own hands. However, it is not necessary to make a toilet box yourself. The modern market can offer ready-made toilet houses for every taste. In this article, we will analyze the instructions on how to make a toilet with your own hands, starting with choosing the type of toilet and ending with making a house.

What kind of toilet in the country can be equipped - types and features

In a well-equipped dacha, where there is a house and you can actually live, it is advisable to have two toilets - one in the house and the second on the street. The toilet in the house is convenient to use at night or in bad weather when it rains. Still, the house is warmer and more comfortable. An outdoor toilet for a summer residence is necessary in order to use it during the day after garden work on the site and not carry dirt from the street into the house.

In total, there are several types of toilets that can be used in the country:

Outdoor toilet with a cesspool.
Powder closet.
Backlash closet.
Dry closet.
Chemical toilet.

The choice of toilet is influenced by such an indicator as the level of groundwater. If the water is far away (deeper than 2.5 m) and never rises above this mark, even during the rainy season or spring floods, then any of the proposed toilet options can be used. If the groundwater level is high, the water is close to the surface, then it is impossible to equip a toilet with a cesspool.

Outdoor pit toilet- the good old time-tested design. It is a cesspool up to 1.5 m deep, on top of which there is a toilet house. Impurities in the pit accumulate and gradually decompose. If the intensity of use of such a toilet is high, then the filling of the pit occurs rapidly, the sewage does not have time to ferment. Previously, such a problem was solved simply - they rented a toilet house, buried old pit, and in another place they dug a new one and put a toilet on top. Now they prefer to clean cesspools either with the help of a sewage machine or manually.

Powder closet- a toilet option for areas where water is close. In its design there is no cesspool at all. Instead, a container (bucket, barrel, box) is used, which is installed immediately under the toilet seat. So that sewage does not remind too much of itself with an unpleasant odor, after each trip to the toilet they are sprinkled with dry peat, sawdust or ash. The process itself resembles powdering, from which the name of this type of toilet "powder-closet" came from. After filling, the container is taken out and emptied into a compost pit, heap or other place. Over time, sewage, sprinkled with peat, will turn into a wonderful fertilizer.

play closet- a toilet with a sealed cesspool, which is cleaned with a cesspool machine. Usually backlash closets are equipped directly in the house next to outer wall Houses. The cesspool is located outside, sewage enters it through a pipe. The pit itself has a slope away from the house for easy cleaning.

dry closet- a booth familiar to urban residents with a container into which active microorganisms are poured to process sewage. Probably the easiest way to equip a toilet in the country, since you don’t need to build anything - you can buy a ready-made dry closet of any size, both outdoor and home.

chemical toilet differs from a dry closet only by means of sewage processing. Chemical reagents are used here, so the contents of the container after processing cannot be used as fertilizer in the garden, unlike a dry closet.

peat toilet- this home version closet powder. In fact, the powder closet is also a peat toilet, because in it peat is used to powder feces. The home peat toilet is a modernized achievement of civilization. He is very similar to conventional toilet, only in the water tank instead of water is dry peat, and instead of sewer pipes, a sewage tank.

Such a toilet can be safely installed inside the house. To eliminate unpleasant odors, ventilation is provided in its design, which must be taken outside.

The choice of a toilet for a summer residence depends entirely on your personal preferences and on the conditions that dictate the rules of SanPin.

There are certain restrictions on the placement of an outdoor toilet. First of all, they concern those toilets in which sewage can come into contact with soil and groundwater.

There must be at least 25 m from the toilet to the water source. Whether it is a well, well, lake, stream or other water body. If country cottage area is located under a certain slope, then the toilet must be installed below the source of water intake. This will prevent effluents from entering drinking water.

Important! Please note that you should consider not only your source of water, but also the nearest neighbors.

From the toilet to the house and the cellar or basement there should be at least 12 m.
From summer shower or baths, saunas at least 8 m.
The distance from the building for keeping animals to the toilet should be 4 m.
From tree trunks - 4 m, from shrubs - 1 m.
From the fence to the toilet should be at least 1 m.
Also, the wind rose must be taken into account when choosing the place and location of the outdoor toilet, so as not to annoy either yourself or your neighbors with unpleasant amber.
The door to the toilet should not open towards the neighbors.
If the groundwater is below 2.5 m, then any outdoor toilet can be equipped. If it is higher than 2.5 m, then a toilet with a cesspool cannot be made, only a powder closet or backlash closet, and dry closets can also be installed. Such structures are safe in the sense that sewage cannot enter the groundwater and pollute them.

Please note that when choosing a place for a toilet, you need to focus on objects not only on your site, but also on the neighbor's. This applies to trees, and sheds, and houses, and everything else. For toilets of the powder-closet and backlash-closet types, the above restrictions do not apply, since sewage does not come into contact with the ground in them. The only thing that will have to be considered when placing them is the wind rose and ease of use.

Do-it-yourself toilet in the country - instructions for building a powder closet

It’s not so difficult to equip a country toilet with your own hands, it’s enough to have basic carpentry skills, engineering thinking and stock up on the help of a friend. Let's consider an example of building a toilet in a country house like a powder closet. As we already wrote, its peculiarity is that there is no cesspool under the toilet. And this makes the task much easier. Firstly, such a toilet can be located next to residential building. Secondly, the construction technology itself is somewhat easier; you don’t have to dig a foundation pit. Thirdly, groundwater pollution is excluded.

The construction of the toilet must begin with a drawing so that all elements and details have the appropriate dimensions, and not by eye. Due to the fact that there is no cesspool in the powder closet, only the design of the toilet house will be shown in the drawing.

Schematically powder closet can be represented as follows:

The dimensions of the toilet are selected so that it is convenient to use. For example, the most common size: width 1.5 m, depth 1 m, height 2.2 m. Dimensions can be increased if the dimensions of the owners require it. The material for making a toilet can be different: the most common are wooden toilets, but you can sheathe the walls with a metal profile, slate or other material, as well as build brick walls.

Country wooden toilet - sectional drawing.

Example 1.

Example 2.

You can use the ready-made drawing, or you can make your own. The main thing is compliance with the dimensions during construction.

Foundation and support for the toilet

A country toilet is a structure that does not require a heavy foundation. In some sources, you may come across a proposal to fill a strip foundation under the toilet. In fact, this is superfluous, especially if the toilet is wooden. A support for a toilet house can be made in two ways: the first is to bury the pillars, the second to lay bricks around the perimeter or concrete blocks.

Can be used as support poles wooden beam or a log, and concrete columns. The latter are more resistant to aggressive environments and will last longer.

First of all, we mark the area. It is extremely important to accurately determine the angles of the structure.
We take 4 asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 150 mm and coat them outside with bituminous mastic.
In the corners of the toilet house, we dig wells and bury the pipes to a depth of 50 - 70 cm. The depth of the pipes may be more, it depends on the structure of the soil. Can be made 90cm or 1m.
To a height of 1/3 of the pipe, they must be poured with concrete mortar. Carefully compact the concrete to remove air bubbles.
Inside the pipes we insert wooden or concrete pillars-supports. To fix them, add concrete mortar.

Support pillars in this case can also act as a vertical part of the frame, i.e. they must be driven to a height of 2.3 m from the ground. It is also necessary to constantly check that the location of the pillars is even relative to the corners.

There are cases when it is enough to fix concrete blocks or bricks as a support, on which the frame will then be installed. In this case, you must remove upper layer soil to a depth of 20 - 30 cm and compact the base tightly. For greater reliability, a layer of sand can be covered at the bottom. Concrete blocks, bricks or concrete curbs are installed on top.

We make the frame of an outdoor toilet

The frame of a country toilet can be made from a wooden bar 50x50 mm or 80x80 mm. It is not necessary to take a thicker and more massive timber 100x100 mm and more. You can also use metal corners.

The frame should be a structure:

4th bearing vertical supports.
Toilet roof lining. The longitudinal bars for the roof should protrude 30 - 40 cm beyond the toilet body. In front, the canopy will serve as a visor, and in the back - to drain rainwater away from the toilet.

Strapping or screed at the level of the future toilet seat. Usually, the strapping bars of the toilet seat are attached to the bearing vertical supports. The height of the toilet seat should be comfortable - 40 cm from the floor of the toilet.
Diagonal struts for structural strength on the rear and side walls of the toilet.
Frame for fastening the door. Two vertical supports to a height of up to 1.9 m and a horizontal lintel on top at the same height.

Be sure to calculate the height of the toilet seat, as too high a seat will be uncomfortable, especially if there are short people among the owners. Indicate at what level the final floor in the toilet will be, and set aside 38 - 40 cm from it upwards. Please note that on top of the strapping there will be a sheathing 20 - 25 mm thick.

We sheathe the body of the toilet, make the roof

Further construction of the country toilet is to sheathe the frame. Since wooden toilets are always popular due to their original beauty, convenience and comfort, the walls of the country toilet can be sheathed with wooden boards.

Wooden boards 15 - 25 mm thick are nailed to the frame, tightly fitting them to each other. Boards must be placed vertically. Since the roof will be sloped towards the rear wall, the upper part of the sheathing boards will have to be carefully cut at an angle.

Instead of wood, you can use sheets of corrugated board, slate or other material. They are much easier to work with, as you only need three sheets for the back and two side walls. But in such a toilet it is much less comfortable to be than in a wooden one. And all because there is no natural moisture and air exchange through the walls.

On the back wall of the toilet, it is necessary to make a door through which it will be possible to remove the container with sewage. Usually it is made over the entire width of the back wall to a height of 40 cm (up to the height of the toilet seat). Such a door is fixed on hinges. You can make it from the same wooden boards.

The roof of a country toilet is usually covered with the same material as all the buildings on the site so that the buildings do not stand out from the composition. You can use sheets of corrugated board or metal tiles. A hole must be made in the roof for the ventilation pipe, which should then be carefully sealed.

If you want to make the roof of the toilet wooden, then it must be covered with roofing felt or other roll material so that the tree does not get wet.

We hang the door

The door for a country toilet is usually made of wood. We hang the door on hinges. The number of hinges 2 or 3 depends on the severity and massiveness of the door. The heavier the door, the more hinges should be. The mechanism for closing the door to the toilet, everyone does as he likes: a latch, a hook, a latch or a wooden latch. A latch must also be installed inside the toilet.

A window should be made above the door through which natural light can penetrate. Usually it is made as close to the roof as possible so that water does not get inside during rain. The window can be glazed, then neither rain nor insects that often fly through such windows will be terrible. What does a country house look like wooden toilet can be seen in the photo.

Country toilet: photos - examples

We equip the toilet seat

The seat or toilet seat in the country toilet is made of wooden boards, lining or moisture-resistant plywood. It is better to use pure wood without additives, so we exclude plywood. The frame of the future toilet seat was made at the stage of arranging the frame, so now it is enough to carefully sheathe it with wooden boards and paint it. In the middle we cut a hole through which we will relieve ourselves. Be sure to check at what depth from the beginning of the toilet seat a hole should be made so that it is convenient to use it.

Under the toilet seat we install a container for sewage with a volume of 20 to 40 liters. By the way, the lid of the toilet seat can be made reclining on hinges, or it can be stationary.

On the wall in convenient location hang a container for peat. Below we put a bucket for toilet paper. A washbasin can be installed inside the toilet, if the dimensions of the building allow it. Then we install a bucket for slops under the washbasin.

How to build a toilet in a country house with a cesspool

The construction of a pit latrine is somewhat more complicated, as a waste pit will have to be equipped. The toilet house for this type of toilet is no different, so we will not touch it. We will only indicate how to make communications. The diagram shows how the cesspool should be located relative to the toilet house. Based on this, we carry out the marking of the site and proceed to earthworks.

We dig a cesspool with a slope towards the rear wall of the toilet with a depth of 1.5 m.
We tamp the bottom and walls of the pit with clay with a layer of 15 - 25 cm. Some people make the walls of the pit from wood, brick or concrete instead of clay. If the groundwater is at a sufficient depth, then it is not necessary to make the walls of the cesspool completely airtight. Enough clay castle.
We knock down the base for the toilet from a wooden bar 100x100 mm. You can also use a sidewalk curb or concrete blocks, laying them on the ground. If you use a wooden beam, then it must be treated with an antiseptic.
Above the cesspool we equip the flooring from the boards. First, we knock down the frame of the bars. We make such a distance between them that it is convenient to clean the pit. Please note that the flooring is done outside the toilet house, there is free space under the house of sufficient size for sewage to fall into the pit.
The flooring must be upholstered from below with roofing material or other rolled material.
Behind the toilet we install a hatch, which is flip cover on hinges. The hatch will be used when clearing the pit. wooden hatch treated with an antiseptic.
We lay the ventilation pipe from the pit. We install it next to the back wall of the toilet, display it 70 - 100 cm above the roof of the toilet. For these purposes, you can use a regular sewer pipe. We fix a visor on top of the pipe so that water and debris do not get inside. We fix the pipe to the back wall with clamps. The bottom edge of the ventilation pipe should be 15 - 20 cm below the level of the toilet floor.
A toilet house is installed on top.
Around the toilet with a cesspool, it is imperative to make a blind area and drain rainwater so that it does not flood the sewage pit.

If in the future it is planned to clean the cesspool with the help of a sewage truck, then the toilet must be located on the site so that the car can drive up to a sufficient distance. Remember, the sleeve of such a machine is only 7 m.

Country toilet backlash-closet and its features

Most often, a country toilet of the backlash-closet type is installed next to a residential building or inside the house. The sewer pit is located outside the building, behind its walls. A toilet of this type can only be built where it is possible to heat a sewage pit in winter period. If they don’t use the toilet in winter, then before the end of the season, the cesspool must be completely cleaned.

The main difference between the backlash closet and other types of toilets is that the cesspool in it is completely sealed and is regularly cleaned using a cesspool machine. Here are a few differences in the construction of a backlash closet:

A sealed pit so that sewage does not soak into the ground. You can fill a pit of concrete, make it out of brick and plaster, or you can use ready-made plastic containers - caissons.
There must be a ventilation pipe from the cesspool. It must be carried out through the chimney of the stove or fireplace. In turn, a pipe should go from the chimney into the pit, through which warm air. This is necessary so that the pit does not freeze. Material exhaust pipe- asbestos-cement or ceramic.
If the house does not have an ordinary stove or fireplace, but only gas heating, then the heating of the cesspool must be carried out using a low-power electric heater.
A cover / hatch is made over the pit. To prevent the lid from freezing, it is made double: the upper one is metal or cast iron, and the lower one is wooden. Between the covers we lay heat-insulating material.
The slope of the pit should be away from the house for easy cleaning.

IN Lately peat toilets for summer cottages are becoming increasingly popular. Their convenience is that they can be safely placed in the house in any room. Peat toilets are easy to clean, practically do not emit a smell, even a fragile woman or an elderly person can cope with them. Also, such toilets can be made on the street, the same powder-closet is just the predecessor of the modern peat toilet.

Without such a structure as a toilet, one simply cannot do in the country. And if you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then you will have to make some efforts and diligence. The most difficult stage in construction will be digging a foundation pit. As for the aesthetic side of the building, this is rather a secondary issue, because the main thing is to competently arrange a cesspool and create a reliable foundation for the above-ground structure.

The following points will be discussed in detail below:

	The choice of a place for the construction of a toilet and its design.
	What you need to build a toilet.
	Features of the cesspool device.
	Construction of a country toilet house.
	Using a dry closet in the country.
	Biological agents for toilets.

How to build a country toilet with your own hands: photos, drawings, video

It should be noted right away that it is better to do all the work once and then not return to this issue for many years. It is especially important to build a capital structure if you spend a lot of time at your dacha. If you do not want to spoil the design of the site by installing an ordinary toilet, then you can always hide it in the far corner behind the country house or come up with original design, which would allow it to harmoniously fit into the landscape.

The choice of location for the toilet and its design features

As a rule, the toilet is installed closer to the far boundary of the land, as there will be an unpleasant smell near the room, even if it is insignificant. But sometimes they use another option, making a cesspool not far from the house, and a free corner of the house is taken away to place the toilet, leading the sewer pipe into the pit. Basically, this design is used in cases where water has been brought into the house and it is planned to install an insulating container designed to collect waste.

Be that as it may, it is worth adhering to sanitary and epidemiological standards. They must be observed in order to protect yourself and the environment from negative consequences, such as soil contamination or infectious diseases.

If you are planning to install a cesspool, it is important that it is at least 30 meters away from water sources. Moreover, its depth should not reach groundwater.

If you are going to install a septic tank, then place it no closer than 15 meters from the house.

If you are going to use an insulated container that cleans out as it fills up, you can install it almost anywhere as the waste won't seep into the ground.

Also, an insulated container is suitable in cases where groundwater does not run very deep and it is impossible to make a cesspool in the ground.

Most often, the pits of the simplest toilet for a summer residence have an area of \u200b\u200babout 1 m 2. If the pit is round, then its diameter should correspond to about 1 meter. Its depth is 1.5-2 meters, depending on how the groundwater occurs.

Once you decide on a place for the pit, proceed to the choice of toilet design. First of all, you must take into account the weight of the future structure - the choice of material that you are going to use for construction largely depends on it. Moreover, the house itself should not be made very heavy, because over time, under its weight, the soil can begin to sag and the building is deformed and damaged.

Excellent as building materials wooden planks or bars or thin material - corrugated board and galvanized profiles.

If you decide to build a toilet booth out of bricks or logs, then you should think about the quality strengthening of the foundation. But there is no point in building such structures, since they will not be warmer than light buildings. Unless you have a need for thermal insulation of the room with the help of insulation, which has a small weight, for example, foam. This building will be warm, light, windproof in winter and not too hot in summer.

Having decided on the choice of material, you can begin to choose the size of the booth. If you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then we offer you the following drawings.

As a rule, a standard toilet, as you noticed in the drawings above, has a height of 2.3 meters, a width of 1 meter, and a length of 1.3-1.5 meters. But these dimensions can vary, and should not be considered as a dogma. Be that as it may, the room should be as comfortable as possible for all family members to be in it.

What you need to build a country toilet with your own hands

Having chosen the design and dimensions of the toilet, you need to buy Construction Materials. You can buy a metal or wooden "house" ready-made. If you decide to build it yourself, then be prepared for the fact that you will need the following materials:

wooden bars and boards;

fasteners - self-tapping screws and nails;

metal corners to reinforce the wooden frame;

roof covering material - corrugated board or slate;

door handle, latch or hook for closing;

wooden or plastic toilet seat with a lid;

foam for insulation and material for sheathing insulated walls: thin board, chipboard or plywood (if necessary).

For the device of the cesspool you will need:

crushed stone, cement, sand;
reinforcement for strengthening the foundation structure;
a metal chain-link mesh (intended for covering the pit) and metal pins or brackets for attaching it to the ground.

Also, instead of the grid and its plastering with concrete, you can use a brick, which will be lined with the walls of the pit. Moreover, for the device of the pit is often used concrete rings that have holes in the walls. Many summer residents prefer old rubber tires.

Another good environmentally friendly option would be a ready-made container - a septic tank. You can find the most different sizes, so you will choose the one you need, depending on the length of your stay outside the city and on the number of family members.

Of course, when building a country toilet with your own hands, you cannot do without special tools so prepare ahead of time:

bayonet or shovel with short and long handle;
a hand drill that will help when digging a pit;
perforator (if the site has rocky soil);
screwdriver or hammer;
grinder - "grinder" with discs for metal and stone;
jigsaw;
marking tool - tape measure, ruler, square, pencil, building level or marker.

How to make a cesspool with your own hands?

Of course, it’s worth starting with marking and digging a hole, which can be round or square (depending on which design scheme for the country toilet was chosen).

If you are planning to install a two-chamber plastic septic tank, then the hole is dug so that the inlet pipe is in the toilet cubicle, since a toilet seat will be installed on it. The neck of the second chamber - remains outside the room, as it is required to adjust the pumping of fecal matter.

Tanks can be different shapes, since the shape and dimensions of the pit depend on this. The size of the pit must be done by 20 cm more capacity, since around it it is necessary to compact the soil as best as possible.

If the walls of the pit are finished with brick or concrete, it can be made square or round.

After you dig a hole of the required depth, at the bottom it is necessary to arrange drainage from stones, large rubble, fragments of bricks.

Then, by throwing on the walls, a concrete solution is applied. It is left to dry completely. The total thickness of the layer may be approximately 50-80 mm.

When the first sketched layer grabs, the walls are plastered to a perfectly even state with the same concrete mortar. Then wait until the plastered pit dries.

The pit is blocked or finished iron concrete slab, or you can make it yourself. It will act as a foundation and a platform around the toilet.

Boards are laid on the pit itself. They should go beyond its limits by about 700-800 mm and be sunk into the ground to the level with the ground. They are treated with antiseptic agents. It is quite possible to replace such a wooden substrate with concrete columns.

Two holes are left on the surface for the cesspool and the installation of the toilet seat. Formwork is installed around them.

A dense polyethylene film is spread over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation.

A reinforcing mesh is laid on top of it, which along the entire perimeter is enclosed in the formwork of the future foundation.

With regard to the height of the formwork of the holes, it must be exactly the same as the formwork of the entire foundation structure. When leveling the surface, formwork boards will act as beacons.

The concrete solution is mixed, after which it is poured onto the site, carefully leveled and left to dry. For the strength and durability of the concrete layer after the initial setting, you can iron the wet surface with dry cement.

After the site has matured, a toilet booth can be installed on it. On the hole, which is designed for pumping waste, you will need a hatch. You can buy it in the store or make it yourself. The hatch cover should be easy to close and open.

Another good option is a round pit made from tires. But do not forget that this type of hole cannot be used for a regular user. Such a toilet can only be operated in a dacha, and then if the owners come occasionally, for example, for the weekend, otherwise you will have to resort to pumping out waste very often.

For making a pit car tires a round pit breaks out 150-200 mm larger than the diameter of the tires.

Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pit, having a thickness of 15-20 cm.

Further, tires are laid exactly in the center of the pit to the surface of the soil. As it is laid around the tires, the drainage layer of sand and gravel is filled up and well rammed. This process is carried out to the top.

When the tires are laid, it is recommended to arrange a strip foundation around the pit. To do this, a trench breaks out along the entire perimeter of the future structure, about 500 mm deep, where concrete is poured.

The bottom of the trench is compacted, after which it is covered with sand of 50-70 mm. It also needs to be compacted and covered with a layer of rubble of exactly the same thickness.

Waterproofing is made of dense polyethylene.

Then you can weld a lattice from the reinforcement, install it and mount the formwork 100-150 mm above ground level, and then pour it with concrete mortar. Make a foundation of brick, and then plaster it with cement.

After the mortar has hardened, remove the formwork from the cement foundation, and level the brick on top. Further, roofing material is laid on its surface. He will separate concrete surface from wood.

Then it is installed on the foundation finished construction country toilet, or it is built independently.

For the convenience of building on the foundation, the base-frame is first fixed, consisting of powerful bars, and then the rest of the structural elements are mounted on it, depending on the model of construction that you choose.

It is worth noting another option for arranging a cesspool - metal barrels with a cut bottom. They are installed on top of each other and then act in the same way as in the case discussed above. A mixture of sand and gravel or a gravel mixture is tamped around the pipe.

It would seem that such a method is simple to implement, but it has many more disadvantages than advantages. metal barrels under the negative influence both from the outside and from the inside, they will quickly begin to corrode, and this toilet will not last long.

Do-it-yourself country toilet: building a house, photo

After the pit and the platform for installing the toilet are ready, you can proceed with the installation of the house according to the previously drawn up scheme.

It should be said right away that houses for a country toilet can have a variety of shapes. Many make them even in the form of a fabulous hut, and others may not immediately understand what kind of room fits so harmoniously into landscape design. Such a structure can be made with your own hands, having an idea of \u200b\u200bthe scheme for its assembly.

In the photo you will see an option partially made of logs, which give the structure a decorative effect, masking the purpose of the building.

In the diagram you see the basis for building a log house, only boards are used instead of logs. It is perfectly visible how the walls of the structure are assembled and the slopes of the roof rise. The internal space is distributed, and a place has been chosen for the toilet seat.

The next step will be the roof lathing, roofing and wall decoration using the selected material (both wood and metal can be used).

The house can be installed on a pit or used as a room for a dry closet.

This variant of the structure of the toilet was called the "hut". In this case, the house is built in the form of a triangle, and its side walls act as a roof. The form is extremely simple, so the construction process will not cause you any difficulty.

This design is easy to build, as well as easy to use - it is very stable and quite spacious inside.

In the photo you will see the entire internal structure, the installation location of the toilet seat and the lathing of the roof walls. Finishing of the front and rear walls has begun. You can put the “hut” house on a well-equipped cesspool, as in the above case, or use it as a room for a dry closet.

In this photo you see a house for a country toilet of a traditional form, which is found in many areas. However, even such a seemingly simple design you can decorate according to your preference. For example, a toilet in this area was made to look like a Japanese house. This is evidenced by the hieroglyphs on the tablet, which is suspended on chains, an additional roof and a Japanese lantern at the entrance. Moreover, the interior space is also designed in the same style.

This attitude to design suggests that even from such a structure as a toilet, you can make a real work of art if you put in a little more effort.

An approximate scheme of the building is shown in the photo. It clearly shows the cesspool, the installation of the structure of the toilet and the hatch for cleaning. This design is quite simple in the device and it is easy to build. However, in order for it to be reliable, it is necessary to achieve the rigidity of the ligaments of each of the parts among themselves. Internally, the space arranged above the cesspool may look like this during the construction of the walls. That is, a base of bars is installed directly on the foundation, on which the frame of the structure is subsequently fixed.

Upon completion of finishing the country toilet from the inside, the room will have a cozy and neat appearance, such as you see in the photo.

If you wish, you can come up with a different toilet design, but perform interior decoration needed from warm materials. Not recommended for decoration ceramic tiles, since it is a cold material, and in winter the tile will also become slippery.

Dry closet in the countryside

If you cannot build a country toilet with your own hands or you do not have the desire or time to contact construction work then use the dry closet. This option will save you from having to dig a hole and from installing a house.

A biotoilet is nothing more than an autonomous toilet bowl that does not require either connection to branch communications or a separate room. It consists of two chambers, the upper of which acts as a toilet bowl, and the other is used for biological waste processing. In the lower chamber there are active substances that decompose feces, turning them into a homogeneous, odorless mass. The action of the bioactive liquid is enough for 10 days, after which the chamber is cleaned, the contents are poured into the soil or the central sewer.

The choice of disposal method depends on what substances were used in the dry closet. They come in three types: chemical, composting and microorganic. Each of them is ideal for a specific type of dry closet.

For composting, peat is used as an active substance. It is highly absorbent - 1 kg of peat is able to absorb 10 liters of liquid. Compost, which is odorless and obtained as a result of active processes, is perfect for fertilizing the garden.

As a rule, in compost with this dry closet go ventilation pipes, diverting unpleasant odors during processing.

The operation of a dry closet is based on the use chemical substances. It has an indicator that indicates that the container needs to be cleaned. Recycled waste is discharged into the sewer, and you do no harm environment. For these models, there special means with non-freezing property.

The third type is a dry closet, in which microorganisms are responsible for the waste processing process, turning them into compost. The material obtained in this way is environmentally friendly and absolutely safe for animals and soil, so it will not be difficult to dispose of it.

If necessary, you can install a dry closet in a normal room, which is located in the yard, and in winter bring it into the house, allocating a convenient place for these needs.

What biological agents are used for toilets

Owners country houses those who have pit toilets on the site are offered special tools (they are similar to those used in dry closets).

As you can see, there are many ways to solve the problem of a toilet in a country house - you can always choose the most suitable option.