Wood waxing: concept, technology and application features. Oil-wax for wood: advantages, the right choice and application technology How to dilute wax for woodworking

German technician Winfried Müller tested the products of 13 major European manufacturers of wood oils and waxes. We present an abbreviated version of an article published on the website www.wikidorf.de.

Introduction

The start of testing turned out to be simple: most of the products proved to be almost identical, since the main component was the same natural oil - linseed. However, the further, the more noticeable were the differences.

Confusion arose as soon as it came to the composition: some products resembled paint or azure. The solid oil from one manufacturer looked like the azure from another manufacturer and the oil with wax from a third. If we approached strictly, different compositions would have to be called differently - but we only need to know what can be expected from the product, so excessive detail is not required.

Types of coatings

Usually wood is protected in two ways:

• impregnated with oil - then the fibers will not be able to absorb water and dirt;
• covered with a protective layer (lacquer, wax or paint).

But now there are many hybrid options on the market - so you need to look at whether the coating absorbs the wood or whether it forms a protective layer on it. In the second case, we need to know how reliable the protection will be.

When applying wax, the protective layer is soft, you can even scratch it with your fingernail. Therefore, wax is most in demand as a filler for wood fibers to protect against moisture.

A thin protective layer forms an oil, which contains wax (especially hard), resins and drying agents.

Solvent

In recent years, manufacturers have increasingly offered water-based products. This trend is likely to continue as such formulations are less polluting. But water-based coatings also have disadvantages.

• distributed unevenly;
• not stored for a long time;
• when applied, they dry quickly, which increases their consumption.

In this regard, I prefer solvent-based products to which I am not allergic, or natural oil. The latter requires more processing time, but is also more durable than varnish or synthetic paint. This must be borne in mind - although do not forget: durability also largely depends on the ability of wood to absorb the composition.

Another aspect: reviews of various compositions can only be useful if they are not superficial. Unfortunately, reviews are often limited to only a few products, while for a full comparison it is necessary to consider all well-known brands that are widely available for sale.

Overview of oils and waxes

Kreidezeit Products

Since 1987, the company has been producing environmentally friendly products from natural renewable raw materials. The compositions are based on traditional recipes adapted to today's requirements.

There are about 200 products in the company's catalog - they are developed and produced in the company itself (except for color pigments).

Solid oil PureSolid

Ingredients: linseed and tung oils and rosin. Does not contain synthetic solvents. Oil entered the market in 2006.

Can this composition without a solvent penetrate deep into the tree? The experience of its use on beech showed that yes. During the test (60 minutes, 20°C), the wood absorbed about 130 g/m² of oil. The manufacturer recommends PureSolid for coating worktops and wooden floors: unfortunately, it was not possible to test the oil on surfaces subject to heavy wear, such as floors.

If necessary, the oil can be diluted with turpentine, which makes sense when working with resinous wood (pine, larch, spruce).

The oil can be heated in a water bath up to 60 ° C for hot application, which, however, is not always necessary.

The oil is absorbed for a long time - before rubbing in excess, you should wait at least 45 minutes.

A surface treated with PureSolid oil becomes shiny, especially if it is rubbed twice with a soft cloth (eg white pad).

In general, the composition is easy to apply, even beginners can work with it.

Kreidezeit hard wax

Ingredients: linseed and wood oils, beeswax and carnauba wax and turpentine as a solvent. The consistency of the wax resembles solid honey.

It is easy to work with the material, but it is important to apply a thin layer. If you do the opposite, then when the solvent evaporates, a thick layer of wax will become sticky.

After 4-6 hours after applying the wax, the surface must be polished; if you do it earlier, then the pad will stick, the same is possible when applying a thick layer of wax. The end result is a silky-smooth surface with a slight sheen, which, alas, shows even slight damage. The cover itself is durable.

Attention! Wooden children's toys are not covered with wax.

Carnauba Wax Emulsion Kreidezeit

It is a maintenance product for waxed and oiled floors. It consists mainly of water-emulsified carnauba wax (from the leaves of the copernicia cerifera palm).

This is a care product that can be added to the water for washing the floor (3 tablespoons per 8-10 liters). Since wax does not have a cleaning effect, wash a heavily soiled floor first with a cleaning agent. If the floor has been recently oiled or waxed, it is best to wax it before walking on it.

Products Natural

Natural is a small family business in Austria that has specialized in the production of natural dyes since 1976. The company is a member of the registered association of natural paint manufacturers ENAV, which also includes: Auro, Beeck "sche Farbenwerke, Naturhaus, Leinos, Livos and Biofa.

Winfried Müller: “What I like more and more when working with natural oils is their smell. It can be addictive"

Hard oil for wood

This is a classic processing oil that contains a solid and solvent in a ratio of approximately 1:1. The oil is well absorbed and has a pleasant aroma - it contains isoaliphates (solvents with low toxicity) and orange peel oil.

The composition gradually penetrates into the pores of the wood and dries for a long time. Tests on beech showed that the wood was well impregnated and the second coat required very little oil, but it also took a long time to dry.

The composition is suitable for children's toys. Due to the simplicity of the application and processing technology, even beginners can work with oil. For heavily loaded surfaces (floor, countertop), the company recommends parquet oil, as it is even more durable.

Natural parquet oil

The product resembles solid wood oil, but contains less solvent: the ratio of solvent to solids is approximately 2:3.

The oil dries long enough (60–90 minutes); when using a thin layer, a polymer film forms on the surface of the composition half an hour after application. In this case, it is necessary to either add more oil or remove the supernatant (supernatant layer) after 10-15 minutes. It is important not to miss the moment.

The oil is mainly used for flooring, but it is also recommended for countertops.

Finishing oil

This oil is applied to the oiled surface. It easily forms a polymer film and makes the surface more elastic. After polishing, the surface becomes silky-glossy - and this despite the fact that the oil does not contain wax.

The oil forms a rather hard surface (does not scratch with a fingernail), which is most likely due to the high content of resins (rosin and damar). It is well suited for processing coniferous wood.

The smell is mild, slightly reminiscent of an orange. It is important to shake the jar well before use, it is worth stirring during operation: the resins quickly form a precipitate. Not recommended for use on waxed surfaces.

Finishing oil is suitable for surfaces that need special protection. It can also be used in place of natural azure oil for temporary surface protection.

Winfried Müller: “Although oil is only used as a finish on an already finished surface, I used it as the only wood treatment. It is well suited for normally loaded surfaces (when applied in two coats)."

The oil has not been tested for use on children's toys!

Natural azure for wood

Azure can be used as a coloring oil: in this case, it emphasizes the structure of the surface. But it is important to note: not every wood is suitable for azure treatment - coloring pigments can unevenly penetrate into the pores of hardwood. For example, beech becomes spotty after processing.

There is an option: you can apply the coating in a very thin layer. In this case, the azure (very liquid and well absorbed) is well distributed.

For interior work, it is also better not to apply the azure in a thick layer, since different parts of the surface will shine differently. In addition, azure is not very hard; its polished surface is easily damaged.

Another option for using azure on hardwoods is rough sanding (P120).

At the ends of buildings, azure should be used with caution: since in these places the composition is absorbed better than on a regular surface. This can lead to deep color changes on the edge surfaces.

Drying with the formation of a polymer layer takes a little longer than in the case of oil. A fully treated surface dries out only after 1-2 weeks.

Natural oil for terrace treatment

This oil - colorless or pigmented - is intended for outdoor wood processing. As it dries quickly, it is ideal for terraces, decking and garden furniture.

Outside, it usually makes sense to use pigmented oils. This is where the visual aspect comes into play, although some woods treated with colorless oil are also quite beautiful.

However, pigments always provide UV protection, although to a lesser extent than special additives.

Natural patio oil penetrates the wood like normal oil, but forms a hard thin layer on the surface due to the natural resins it contains.

After 20-30 minutes after application, the oil must be again distributed over the surface in a uniform thin layer. After drying, it will acquire a characteristic sheen. Under natural conditions, drying lasts about a week, after which it is recommended to treat the surface with a second layer. To renew the coating, it is enough to cover the wood with one layer of oil.

Beginners like to cover the surface with too thick a layer, guided by the principle "A lot - not a little!". In this case, this is not true: excess oil will have to be removed from the surface with a rag or clothing (this is as lucky), and the coating itself will remain sticky for a long time.

Osmo Products

Osmo products differ markedly from conventional oils and waxes: when used, a polymer layer is almost always formed on the surface of the wood. Unlike other manufacturers, Osmo does not use linseed and tung oils in its products, but sunflower, soybean and thistle oils. The composition also includes candelilla and carnauba wax, paraffins; as a solvent - white spirit.

Osmo is trying to combine the naturalness of the product and good properties, so sometimes you can find chemical compounds that are by no means "problemless" in the composition, for example, 2-butanone oxime (banned from production in Canada as a potential carcinogen). However, this substance evaporates rapidly after processing and is not contained in the coating after polymerization. Also in recent years (as of 2015), the company's products contain sorbents based on cobalt salts, which is criticized by Ökotest.

The oils used by the manufacturer are not as high quality as linseed, but Osmo somehow managed to make quality coatings based on them. Their advantage is the absence of a strong odor.

Osmo hard wax oil

Osmo Hard Wax Oil is Osmo's best known product. His treatment of countertops, floors, and other surfaces that are subjected to constant exposure has proven to be very effective. Osmo Hard Wax Oil is often seen as an alternative to the classic oil in terms of how it is applied.

It is applied to the surface in a very thin layer. It dries fairly quickly without rubbing. For application, it is better to use a brush with artificial fiber, the bristles will be too coarse for the oil.

It is very important to mix the oil well before starting work! Excess oil should not be allowed to form on the surface, so as not to spoil the natural pattern of the wood.

It is not necessary to sand the surface between coats, but if after the first drying the wood fibers remain rough, they can be smoothed out with fine-grained sandpaper (P320-400).

Winfried Müller: "Even though the oil dries relatively quickly, I will still be careful with the surface for the first two weeks after applying the top coat."

The surface after processing became pleasant and smooth to the touch. The film formed over the wood is strong and elastic. In addition, it is resistant to moisture: even after spilled water was left on the treated surface for a day, no stains formed.

It is better to process small parts in a different way: apply oil with a thin soft cloth in several layers (from 3 to 6 - depending on what kind of load is expected on the surface). The gloss in this case will be matte.

Osmo Hard Wax Oil, unlike most products, protects wood mainly on the surface: beech is characterized by a penetration depth of 0.1-0.5 mm (usually for oil this figure is 1-4 mm). Because of this damage and deep scratches need to be treated again.

The solvent used is gasoline with aromatic compounds. The treated surface smells strongly, especially in the first weeks, and then the smell is almost not felt.

If an oil is required for painting wood, the manufacturer's line has a colored oil with hard wax. After its application, it is recommended to renew the coating with a colorless composition or decorative wax.

Before using the oil, the wood must be sanded with an abrasive with a grain size of at least P150. For hardwood furniture, this figure should be increased to P180–240.

After processing and polishing the coating, a thin layer of wax becomes quite hard, but it is important to consider: if the oil layer is more than recommended, the layer will remain soft even after years.

Sometimes information appears on the Internet that the treated coating may deteriorate if a hot bowl is placed on it, etc. The test results (a cup of boiling water stood for an hour on the treated surface) showed that there were no marks left on the wood.

In 2009, Osmo Hartwachsöl Pure was developed, which contains almost no solvents (less than 1%). The way it treats wood will be different, because the composition is more viscous compared to the oil in question.

The composition of the oil contains white pigments, but as a result, the color is rather restrained. Oil should be applied in a thin layer no more than 2-3 times.

Testing the composition on pine and beech showed good results. The oil was applied twice, after each layer the surface was polished.

Osmo Low Wax Oil

The composition is quite liquid, the consistency resembles water. Unlike many other Osmo products, this oil penetrates deep into the wood and does not form a protective layer on the surface. 30 minutes after application, the composition should be completely wiped off the surface.

Testing has shown that beech absorbs about 100 g/m² of compound in 30 minutes. During this time, the oil penetrates quite deep into the pores of the wood and gives the material a slight yellowish tint.

The processing technology is simple: it is unlikely that something will be done wrong. The oil does not stick if you wipe off its residue after processing.

The composition of the oil is approximately the same as that of other Osmo oils: sunflower, soybean and safflower oils, carnauba and candelilla waxes, paraffin, drying agents, polysiloxanes (based on silicon dioxide), 2-butanone oxime, dearomatized white spirit.

Osmo Single Coat Glaze and Clear Glaze

Winfried Müller: “Advertising claims that a single coat of this glaze is enough to protect the wood. I'm very skeptical and think it's a "lazy compromise". Of course, it will take less time to process the wood if the coating is applied in one layer, and the result is quite acceptable.

But there is a problem: there will always be a surface that has not been properly treated by accident, and one layer will not cover all the flaws, and a two-layer coating will solve this problem. Therefore, I believe that a coating with good protective properties is always applied in 2-3 layers. Everything else is nothing more than advertising promises.

Azure is intended for both internal and external work (except for windows - they need a coating with a thicker protective layer). After the first application, the effect is barely noticeable, unless the wood completely absorbs the composition: in this case, a transparent layer remains on the surface. After applying the second layer, a satin sheen remains in any case on the surface.

Due to its oily-liquid consistency, the azure impregnates the wood well. In places where there is resin on the tree, a shiny surface first forms, but after weathering it becomes matte.

After processing with a transparent azure, a matte sheen remains on the surface, otherwise it does not differ in any way from a single-layer azure.

Livos products

In 2003, the company with a turnover of about €4 million employed 55 employees. Now the company's products are one of the best-selling natural paints and oils on the market.

Manufacturers do not use drying agents based on cobalt salts. Of the solvents, isoaliphates are most often used, despite the fact that these substances are petroleum products, they practically do not cause allergies. Some of the company's products, along with ethanol and water, contain orange oil and turpentine.

Typically, Livos oils are liquid in consistency with sediment due to the small amount of wax they contain. When the wood treated with Livos oil dries, it acquires a uniform silky sheen.

Natural oil Koimos 196

Koimos 196 is particularly interesting for testing because it contains neither cobalt salts nor solvents. It is a good alternative for people who are allergic or sensitive to chemicals.

Winfried Müller: “Is this oil as good as the others? I think there are trade-offs to be made when using it. First, the oil dries for quite a long time. Practical tests showed that 8 hours after applying it to a glass plate, it was still liquid. After 24 hours it was pretty soft. Finally, the oil polymerized only after 4 weeks.

The second point: even after drying, the oil remains much softer than Kunos Arbeisplattenöl or natural Kunos oil.”

Since the oil contains wax, it lends itself well to polishing; the second layer of coating is actually polishing and is - after applying it to the surface with a very thin layer (about 3 g / m 2), the wood must be polished with a soft cloth, white pad or a special machine.

Parquet oil Livos Koimos 277

In terms of composition, Livos Koimos 277 parquet oil practically does not differ from the previous composition.

For a floor that is subjected to serious loads, it is worth using an oil with a stronger protective film - at least for applying the finishing layer. Oil consumption is quite small - about 30-40 g / m².

Liquid oil Livos Kunos 243

This oil is suitable for processing countertops, window sills, as well as for work in bathrooms. It is resistant to prolonged exposure to water, and the presence of wax makes it possible to polish to a shine.

Since 2012 (from lot #21281), orange oil has not been added to the composition, now it can also be used by allergy sufferers.

3 layers are enough for wood processing. The second and third are applied, respectively, 12 and 24 hours after the first. The oil dries completely a month after the top coat.

Its consumption when applied in 3 layers is approximately 65–100 g/m 2 . For the subsequent restoration of the coating, a minimum is sufficient, approximately a teaspoon per m 2.

Natural oil Livos Kunos 244 for highly loaded surfaces

Livos Kunos 244 is the multipurpose oil in the Livos range. It is suitable for processing any surfaces: floors, furniture, tables (including multiplex), children's toys.

However, this oil is from the Classic range, so people who are sensitive to chemicals may experience an allergy (this applies to processing, not subsequent use).

Natural oil is colorless or pigmented in different colors. Colorless oil almost does not differ from Kunos 241 in composition, processing technology and price.

Wood with small pores must be sanded before processing. Tests on beech have shown that with fine sanding (P180), the pigments do not stain the wood, and when sanding with P120, the color is clearly visible.

After polishing, a thin protective coating with a silky-gloss sheen is formed on the surface of the wood.

Oil for furniture Livos Darix 297

"Darix" is very similar to colored oil, but it is also suitable for fine work to achieve more color options. Surfaces that experience high loads, after the initial treatment with colorless oil, must also be treated with Darix oil. This will protect the color pigments from wear.

As with Livos Kunos 244, pre-treatment is important: dense woods absorb pigments slowly. Testing showed that when processing with abrasive P120, the color turned out to be better than after P180. The end result also depends on the color of the tree.

Direct comparison with Natural Glaze: Natural is applied thinner and stains the wood more strongly. You can remove the supernatant completely, but the color will still be well defined.

After the first treatment and drying, the supernatant is leveled with a cloth or dry brush. To apply the second layer, it is enough to wipe the surface with a cloth moistened with the composition.

AURO Products

The AURO company is located next to Livos and is engaged in the production of natural paints. After Hermann Fischer - the founder of Livos - left his post in the early 80s, he founded AURO some time later. Today he still works for AURO Aktiengesellschaft. In 1992, he was named Eco-Manager of the Year (Capital/WWF).

In recent years, many water-based products have been developed to reduce the amount of solvents in oils, varnishes and paints. This transition was not always easy. Experience shows that some water-based products do not give the best results, but they do not have a negative impact on the environment. Obviously, development will continue in this direction.

AURO refrains from using petrochemical raw materials. As a solvent, if necessary, orange oil is used.

Hard wax AURO No. 171

The consistency of hard wax from AURO is pasty, slightly softer than candied honey. In the composition - only natural oils and waxes.

After application, the composition must be left for an hour, and then polished while it is still soft. Smooth the surface with a dry brush or cloth and remove excess wax. If the surface has already been treated with oil or wax, it is enough to apply a thin layer and leave it without further polishing. A thick layer will take a long time to dry and will be sticky for a long time.

The resulting protective layer is quite hard and durable, but it should not be used for countertops due to the sensitivity of wax to high temperature - even a hot cup will leave traces on the countertop.

AURO Hard Wax No. 171 is suitable for stressed surfaces and even unfinished wood. Thanks to the oils it contains, the surface of the wood becomes less susceptible to moisture, which is not the case with pure wax.

After a day, the surface dries up, but still not completely. The final wax hardens in 3-4 weeks.

Attention: in an open jar, a film quickly forms on the wax. The wax container should be closed to avoid access of oxygen to the composition.

Oil AURO for drawing in one layer No. 109

The composition of the product is flax, tung and milk thistle oil. The oil does not contain any resins and can be used by people allergic to rosin.

The consistency of the oil is quite viscous; in half an hour when applying the first layer on a beech surface, from 30 to 60 g / m² was absorbed (at a temperature of 20 ° C).

After application, the oil should be left for 30 minutes, and then the supernatant should be removed, as surface polymerization will begin after an hour and the supernatant will be difficult to remove. And if direct sunlight falls on the coating, then polymerization will occur even faster.

The oil dries completely only after a month, which is a very long time, but this is compensated by a good end result.

Solid oil for wood AURO PurSolid No. 123

This oil is suitable for the treatment of surfaces subjected to increased loads: floors, furniture, work surfaces. It contains linseed, tung and thistle oils. Resins, as in the previous case, are not used, which is important for allergy sufferers.

The consistency of the oil is similar to AURO No. 109, but less prone to polymerization within an hour. The problem, however, remains: if the “capture” process has already begun, it will be extremely difficult to remove the supernatant: even adding fresh oil does not help.

The oil is absorbed into the pores of the wood longer, but the consumption is much higher: 150 g/m² with polishing and 132 g/m² without polishing. When applying the second layer, the consumption is minimal - about 5 g / m 2.

The final oil hardens 2-4 weeks after applying the top coat. The smell from it completely disappears after 6-8 weeks.

A solvent can be added to the oil (up to 20%), but the manufacturer assures that this is not necessary for most tree species. This may be required for the processing of rocks in which there are a lot of resins (pine, larch).

It is worth noting: although the oil dries slowly, if you leave the jar open for several days, a jelly-like film forms on the surface.

Experiments on beech, spruce, pine, paulownia, oak, ash and walnut gave good results.

Solid primer AURO No. 127

Aqueous solvent primer suitable for wood pre-treatment prior to application of AURO No. 187 wax or AURO No. 267 floor finish. It is formulated with linseed, ricin, sunflower, rapeseed oils, rosin, mineral fillers, borates and several additives.

A test on beech showed that the original color of the wood was almost preserved: the primer does not penetrate only into the uppermost layer of wood and makes it insensitive to moisture and dirt. After applying the oil, the wood should be treated with a dry brush so that the primer completely penetrates the wood.

After 24 hours, the surface has dried well and can be treated with an abrasive. It is enough to use sandpaper P180-240, gently rubbing the surface. Do not sand the wood too hard: the protective effect of the primer will then be lost.

Products Biopin

Biopin Biopin is the largest manufacturer of natural dyes in Europe; not least because of the attractive prices.

Some Biopin products contain water as a solvent: you can almost completely eliminate other solvents, which is good for the environment, but can make it difficult to work with materials.

Many Biopin products were developed prior to 2009 using orange oil as a solvent. After it was recognized as an "irritant and environmentally hazardous substance", the composition of the products was changed. Biopin no longer uses orange oil and has switched to using isoaliphates.

Natural hard wax

Usually wax is applied to an already oiled surface. The consistency is like a cream, the smell resembles a lemon.

Provides additional protection to already treated surfaces. The application process is very simple: just apply the wax and rub it in with a soft cloth.

Initial drying takes from 10 to 30 minutes, the coating can be polished after 3-6 hours. Wax is relatively soft, so they should be used on surfaces that are not subjected to a lot of stress.

Worktop oil

This oil has a very low viscosity, so it can penetrate deep into the wood. A measurement by Winfried Müller showed a ratio of approx. 60% solvent to approx. 40% solid content. Previously, orange oil was used as a solvent; since 2009, isoaliphates have been used.

To apply the first layer, you need a lot of composition, because it penetrates deep into the pores of the wood. The second layer is applied more economically, so when working in two or three layers (and this is how it is recommended to use oil), the consumption is small.

Both beech and spruce showed good saturation of the wood after the second coat, but for stressed surfaces such as countertops, it is recommended to work in three coats.

The oil is easily and quickly applied, it is better to remove its excess with a rag: when applying the composition in a thin layer, a film quickly forms on the surface; too thick a layer will hinder the drying process. When in doubt, it is better to apply too thin a layer than too thick.

After surface treatment, wait 15–30 minutes (the manufacturer recommends 15 minutes) and wipe off the oil remaining on the wood with a cloth.

Oil for furniture treatment

The composition of the oil is about the same as that of the oil for countertops, but resins are indicated as additional ingredients.

It is suitable for any type of wood from Europe, in fact, it is a universal tool for wood processing.

After applying the oil, the surface should be left for 10 minutes (as the manufacturer claims), and then the supernatants should be removed. Testing on wood has shown that even after an hour, the oil does not polymerize and is easy to wipe off.

During the application of the second layer, the oil continues to be strongly absorbed into the wood. Its total consumption is up to 150–200 g/m2, but if the supernatant is removed in a timely manner, the consumption will vary from 50 to 80 g/m2, depending on the type of wood.

The oil dries quickly enough: already after 3-5 hours it hardens (as opposed to 12-24 hours for other oils) and a second layer can be applied.

Always open the jar only for a short time to keep the oil longer. Never apply directly from a can unless you intend to use the entire can soon.

solid oil

The composition of the product, in principle, remains unchanged: linseed and tung oil, isoaliphates as a solvent, resin. The ratio of solvent to solids is approximately 55 to 45.

The thinner the layer, the faster it becomes sticky (10-20 minutes after treatment). If you have not had time to remove the supernatant, you can dissolve the polymer film in fresh oil.

After polishing, the surface acquires a silky-gloss sheen. Since the oil contains quite a lot of resins, a protective layer is formed after two coats.

To work with oil, you need a lint-free cloth; paper towels will not work.

For beginners, working with oil may seem difficult, but experienced users will appreciate all its advantages.

Hard wax oil

Ingredients: linseed and tung oil, isoaliphatic solvents. Rosin and carnauba wax give additional properties to the oil.

After processing the wood, a wax film appears on its surface, which remains very soft for the first few days. Hardening takes approximately 1-2 weeks: up to this point, the surface remains tacky.

Polishing wax that has not had time to dry is difficult: 12 hours after application, work with a cloth did not bring any results. A week later, the same surface after polishing gives a beautiful silky-gloss sheen.

Leinos Products

Since 1986 Leinos has been one of the leading manufacturers of natural wood products. However, Leinos GmbH went bankrupt in 2007 and Reincke Naturfarben GmbH from Buxtehude now manufactures products under its brand.

Almost all products are hypoallergenic, but a number of impregnations contain turpentine and orange oil, which can cause allergies. In other cases, isoparaffin is used as a solvent.

Leinos interior oil

This newly developed product of the company is intended for the treatment of wooden surfaces, mainly in public places, retail outlets. The oil forms a strong protective film on the surface of the wood, probably due to the ingredients used: urea polycondensate and polysilicate nanoparticles.

The oil must be well mixed before application as it contains suspended solids which dissolve quickly. It is necessary to remove the supernatant within 20-45 minutes after application. A second layer can be applied after 5-8 hours.

Finally, it hardens, as shown by testing, after about 2-5 days.

The main problem of the composition is that it is unstable to moisture: spots appear on the surface, which is especially noticeable on beech and pine.

Leinos wood coloring oil

A liquid oil that is mixed with a reddish brown pigment. It shows its properties differently on different types of wood: on beech, for example, it lays down with a warm reddish-brown tint.

Before processing, it is necessary to carry out testing - after all, in case of an incorrect choice, the color of the wood may deteriorate.

The composition and method of application do not fundamentally differ from the previous composition. It is important to know that when working with any pigmented oil, it must be mixed well before use.

Coloring oils sometimes reveal the previously invisible structure of wood - including its defects and scratches. In order for the result not to disappoint, special attention must be paid to surface preparation.

Naturhaus Products

Naturhaus is focused on the use of renewable and natural raw materials. The company is known as a supplier of materials for the processing of large cruise ships such as the Queen Mary II, one of the largest passenger ships in the world.

Naturhaus High Solid Oil

This solid oil contains practically no solvents: it contains little orange oil (less than 5%). Nevertheless, there are drying substances - compounds of calcium, zirconium and cobalt.

The oil is easy to apply; the long polymerization time of the supernatant (about an hour) makes it easy to remove the supernatant.

For an hour of work, the oil consumption on the beech was 84 g/m 2 ; when applying the second layer - about 10-20 g / m 2. Drying time about 12 hours; complete drying takes several weeks.

Where the surface is subject to severe wear, the manufacturer recommends pre-priming with hard oil.

Naturhaus hard wax for interior use

Close in consistency to the ointment, Naturhaus hard wax contains carnauba and beeswax, linseed oil. It does not contain solvents.

The surface should be polished 1-2 hours after waxing: at this time the wax is still soft and polishing will be easy.

Wax hardens quite slowly: you have to wait 2-3 days before it becomes hard. The manufacturer says about 12 hours, but this is too little. Fully wax hardens after 7 days.

Wax in a jar will often polymerize on the surface unless oxygen is cut off.

PNZ products

PNZ has been on the market for over 20 years and since 1994 has been increasingly switching to solvent-free products.

The peculiarity is that most PNZ oils for wood are not based on linseed or tung oil, but contain thistle, poppy, walnut and rapeseed, sunflower and soybean oils.

On the one hand, this ensures the absence of a bitter smell from linseed oil. On the other hand, the used components are much more difficult to apply and obtain good results when using them.

Colored oil PNZ

This is not a classic wood oil, but rather a water-based oil paint. The manufacturer indicates that one coat is often enough: for a water-based oil, this is a very good result.

The surface dries rather quickly: after an hour, the colored oil is usually dry. Grinding, polishing and removal of the supernatant are not possible. The oil is suitable for both internal and external use.

Hard wax PNZ

This is an oil wax product that penetrates the wood to a very shallow depth and has a protective layer on the surface. It is designed for use on surfaces that are subject to heavy wear and tear such as wood floors and countertops.

Due to its slightly thick consistency, it is also suitable for wood with large pores: even in this case, the consumption remains quite low. However, the surface must be smooth, so after drying it is necessary to polish the coating under pressure.

The supernatant must be removed 10–30 minutes after application. The sediment on the surface is vigorously wiped with a cloth. Final polishing is carried out one day after the final coating. The result when applied correctly: a homogeneous, silky-gloss surface.

Beginners should not use such a composition; it is necessary to at least try to work with wax on a small area before starting work.

And the main point in the composition is water resistance. Tests on beech have shown that a short exposure to water does not affect the surface in any way. A long test (1 hour) showed disastrous results: water penetrates the wood, which begins to swell greatly. Ugly matte spots remain on the surface. If such an impact is extremely rare, it is not critical: you can make a good partial repair - sand the surface and apply the composition again.

Wood treatment oil PNZ

The composition of the product remains virtually unchanged: linseed, walnut, sunflower, poppy, rapeseed, tung and thistle oils. This provides an almost complete absence of odor, which is characteristic of impregnations based on linseed and tung mala or those containing a solvent.

On the other hand, the oil dries for a long time - complete hardening occurs 7-10 days after application. The coating remains relatively soft even after this period. It is much softer than after treatment with other oils - even the relatively soft thistle. Testing has shown that the coating, even with slight pressure, is easily scratched with a fingernail.

Despite the fact that the recommended area of ​​\u200b\u200buse is wooden floors, this oil is not suitable for treating heavily loaded surfaces as a top coat - only as a primer on top of which a solid oil or wax is applied.

Wood wax PNZ

A water-based product that looks more like wax blue. A viscoplastic protective film with a silk sheen is formed on the treated surface.

The results of applying the first layer will not impress: the wax is almost completely absorbed into the wood and does not give shine. The second coat after polishing gives a light silky sheen.

The instructions say that the composition is well suited for the treatment of wet rooms: the treated surface has good water-repellent properties. The test showed that even after 8 hours water does not penetrate into the wood. The staining liquid left a barely visible stain on the wood after 4 hours.

PNZ wood wax is heat sensitive: a hot coffee cup is enough to damage the surface. Therefore, the material is suitable for processing tables and countertops very conditionally.

Volvox / Ecotec products

Volvox / Ecotec is a manufacturer of natural paints that has been on the market since 1989. It is a relatively small manufacturer in Lüdenscheid.

Volvox solid oil

A classic oil containing about 60% solids and about 40% solvent (isoparaffins). The oil contains prophylactic agents for the skin, (possibly butanone oximone, which is avoided by many other manufacturers of natural paints).

Dried oil is medium in hardness: a scratch is formed even if you press hard on the protective layer with your fingernail.

Products Dick GmbH

The company has been specializing in the manufacture of high quality instruments for many years; the production of oils and paints for it is a related area. The products are 100% natural oils.

Chinese tung oil Lignea

Tung oil is found in most of the treatments we've looked at above, but in this case it's a pure oil that usually dries to the touch in a week or less without drying additives.

The oil has a rather strong smell, which is sometimes described as "the smell of fried potatoes". It is very resistant and will appear even after many years if there is a lack of oxygen, therefore it is not recommended to treat the inner surfaces of cabinets and chests of drawers with tung oil.

In its liquid state, tung oil can irritate the skin, so wear protective gloves when handling it.

Swedish linseed oil Linolja

Pure linseed oil is available pre-oxidized or untreated. "Pre-acidification" occurs by bleaching it in the sun; it dries on the surface without desiccants within a short time (1-3 days).

Untreated oil will take more than 1 to 4 weeks to dry, which is impractical without desiccants. Swedish linseed oil is said to dry out faster.

poppy oil

Poppy oil is also completely drying; it is popular because it does not have a yellow tint and therefore is well suited for processing light woods: maple, birch. It dries much slower than linseed oil.

Poppy oil is rarely used by natural paint manufacturers: its technical properties are not as good as those of linseed or tung oil.

Commercially available poppy oil is safe and can even be used in foods. But it is strongly not recommended to pour oil from a can into the pan if you want to fry cutlets.

Camellia sinensis oil

Camellia oil is a non-drying liquid with a slightly nutty scent. In Japan, it has been used for centuries to care for knives and weapons. Oils that do not dry should not be used to treat the surface of wood. The exceptions are kitchen boards that are oiled regularly (eg Adam's wood boards).

Products Erzgebirge Steinert

Erzgebirge Steinert does not specialize in the production of natural paints, but their catalog contains oils designed and produced by Livos. Related to this is the fact that they so strongly resemble these oils both in composition and in technical characteristics.

Products

The production of natural dyes Biofa was founded in the late 70s. Information about the ingredients is completely open, so that the consumer can decide for himself what risks he is exposed to. This is especially important for allergy sufferers.

In recent years, the company has developed several solvent-free and water-free products that are nevertheless easy to use.

Oil for working surfaces Biofa 2052

Solvent-free oil contains some microlax that settles to the bottom. Therefore, before use, the composition must be shaken or mixed. The smell is rather weak, a bit like a nut.

Processing is carried out as usual: after 20-30 minutes, the supernatant must be removed. The oil penetrates the wood very slowly: a test on sanded beech for an hour showed a consumption of 46 g/m². The second layer is almost not absorbed - less than 3 g / m².

In general, wood should be treated in 2-3 layers. Depending on how well the wood absorbs the oil, even the second layer after hardening can be easily polished with a cloth. The first coat should be applied with a brush so that there is enough oil on the surface.

The composition of the oil is by no means indisputable: in addition to linseed, tung and ricin oil, it contains rosin ester, microlax, dryers based on cobalt, zirconium and manganese salts.

It is suitable for processing countertops, and can also be used as a universal oil for furniture.

Wood waxing is the treatment of wood with wax for additional protection against external factors. Treatment of wood with beeswax has been known to mankind for a very long time. One of the first protective compositions, first of the use of wood by man, was wax.

What does waxing wood with wax give?

Wood waxing creates a thin protective film on the surface and, at the same time, penetrates deep into the pores of the wood, enhancing its protection. Together with the above, the wax does not clog pores and the tree continues to “breathe”.

Any type of wood can be waxed.

The only drawback of wood waxing is the inability to use it for a room with high temperatures. Because, when heated, the wax begins to melt and flows out. On this, the disadvantages of waxing, wood, end.

Let's move on to the pluses of waxing, which are much more than the minuses.

Wax impregnation increases the water-repellent properties of wood

Wood waxing enhances the look, highlights the structure of the wood and adds shine. If coloring agents are added to the composition, then the shade of wood can be corrected.

Waxing protects wood from cracking, damage by pests and fungi. Protects against scratches and other damage.

By the way: Wax-based impregnation can remove existing scratches on wood. It is necessary to choose a composition that matches the color and wipe the place with a defect with it. The scratch will become almost invisible to the eye.

Wood waxing technology

• The first step is to clean the surface of the old coating, if any. Clean with solvent and allow to dry
• Next, the surface is polished in order to remove all irregularities and roughness.
• Next, wax is applied. Before applying the wax, you can soak the wood with oil. This will enhance the protective properties of the wax.
• If the wax is hard, it must be heated in a water bath; if you purchased ready-made wax for processing, you do not need to heat it up additionally.
• To apply wax, you need to use a cloth that does not have a pile. Wax is rubbed with a cloth into the surface until the cloth no longer sticks to the surface. Cloth is used to process even surfaces. To process the ends and curly elements, use a brush.
• After finishing the treatment, leave the surface alone for several hours so that the wax is absorbed into the pores of the wood. Over time, the excess is removed with a soft cloth. After that, the surface is polished.
• If you need to add shine, then another thin layer of wax is applied.

Waxing compositions are sold in stores in a huge assortment. But if you want the composition to not have any unnecessary chemical inclusions, then you can make the composition yourself. And yes, it will cost a lot less.

From this article you will learn:

Wood is a unique building material that man has used throughout history. However, in order for the tree to retain its qualities longer, it needs processing and protection. For this, different materials are used, for example, wax for wood processing.

What is in wood wax

Wax for wood is a decorative finishing coating. It is used on bare wood or in combination with other materials. On the one hand, wax prevents the penetration of excess moisture into the wood structure and protects it from mold, decay, insect damage, and on the other hand, it performs decorative functions.

When covering a wooden surface, it highlights its texture, makes it smoother, adds a slight sheen and a velvety shade. Dark wax compositions are commonly used in restorations, as well as to imitate antiques.

The composition for wood waxing is produced in various consistencies. Small surfaces are treated with special wax pastes, for large rooms liquid consistency compositions are used. There are also soft and hard restorative waxes. It is used as a means for sealing cracks and chips.

Wax pastes consist of three main components:

• beeswax or paraffin, which creates a soft elastic consistency that improves the polishing process;
• carnauba wax, which gives the finish strength and adds shine;
• solvent - it is necessary to give the composition optimal density.

What is wood wax for?

Currently, many different methods are used to protect wooden surfaces from mechanical damage, pests and the destructive effects of the environment, including from solar radiation and chemicals.

Various varnishes, paints, oils are used to impregnate wood. One of the most reliable and popular means of protection is wax impregnation, which not only protects wood, but also emphasizes its structure and beauty.

Waxing is one of the most ancient and high-quality ways of processing wooden products. Wax is an environmentally friendly material. It is absolutely safe for health. Wood covered with this material looks more expressive and brighter. It darkens a little and, at the same time, acquires a very noble golden hue. In addition, unlike varnished, the waxed surface “breathes”, and the wood itself has an excellent smell.

Nowadays, the industry produces many varieties of wax compositions for coating wooden surfaces and furniture. Ready-to-use mixtures include natural wax and various additives such as oils. They can be used immediately after opening the package. Any type of wood can be waxed, but it looks best on items made from pine and spruce.

Wax for woodworking has a rich color palette. Its different color tones can be mixed with each other. Dark compositions can be easily made lighter by adding colorless wax to them. If you apply a colorless varnish on an existing coating, this will lead to an increase in the thickness of the layer, while not changing its color. So that the upper fibers of the wood do not swell during processing, the wax should be slightly diluted with undiluted white spirit.

What is the difference between wood wax and oil

As previously noted, wood waxing can be carried out either with wax paste or with linseed oil and wax. The oil, when applied to the surface, deeply impregnates the wood without changing its natural texture. Wax forms a film at the processing site that protects the product from abrasion and damage.

Wood wax with linseed oil prevents wood from rotting and drying out. To protect outdoor furniture, use a special oil-wax for wood.

Waxing is a reliable method of protecting wood surfaces. In addition, it is inexpensive, which allows it to be widely used.

Wax impregnations are environmentally friendly and safe, as well as water-repellent. If required, you can change the shades or even the color of the coating.

How to make DIY woodworking wax

Wax paste can be quickly prepared at home. Place beeswax in a metal container and melt it in a water bath. To 30% of the melted material, add 20% oil drying oil and 50% turpentine oil (turpentine). After thoroughly mixing the components, the mixture must be cooled until it hardens. Then it is rubbed with wooden surfaces, parquet, etc.

How to prepare for wood waxing

Before you start waxing, the surface of the wood must be prepared. First, all the recesses are eliminated on it. Next, grinding is carried out with a fine-grained abrasive, dust is removed with a cleaning cloth.

If you want to wax a surface that has already been coated in some way, then the old layers must be removed.

To remove the varnish, the use of a solvent is allowed. The previous coating must be removed completely before the appearance of natural wood.

The old coating is removed with warm water using abrasive materials. All small patches of varnish remaining after cleaning are removed with a knife or blade. The cleaned surface is carefully polished, dust is removed. Before applying wood wax, the board must be thoroughly dried and sanded.

A flat, dry and smooth surface of the wood indicates that it has been properly prepared for waxing. Note that waxing old antique furniture and other wooden items is great at protecting them from damage. Wax composition can cover both unpainted and varnished surfaces.

How wood is waxed

Wax pastes are a kind of polishing materials and, as a rule, they contain beeswax in their composition. Sold in steel cans. To apply the paste on wooden surfaces, it is recommended to use a special swab. However, you can use a thick brush or a sponge for washing dishes. Wax paste is an excellent finishing material that is applied to other coatings after they have been impregnated with oil.

Liquid wax for wood processing is applied with a brush and used when processing surfaces with a large area, for example, it can be massive panels. The composition for the floors has a transparent base. It is used in difficult operating conditions.

Wax impregnation agents are available in various colors and shades. Dark colors are used mainly for restoration work. Their task is to hide minor scratches and defects. The most common formulations are clear or yellow in color.

For finishing oak, impregnations of brown and black shades are used. This allows the wood to show its texture to the fullest. Cedar or pine, as a rule, is covered with golden impregnations, and in order to give freshness to mahogany, red mastics are selected.

By imposing one composition on another, it is possible to achieve a smooth transition of tones. Objects that often come into contact with clothing, such as chairs or tables, are usually not coated with paints, oils and wax.

• Wood waxing process.

In order to evenly apply the wax paste, special swabs are used. Several layers of the composition are applied to the surface in a circular motion. After the first layer, the surface is rubbed along the wood fibers. After a few minutes, a second one is applied, and the surface is rubbed across the wood fibers. If grouting is difficult, then the paste should be heated. After applying both layers, the surface is given about a day for the solvent vapors to completely evaporate.

Then the surface is waxed several more times and dried completely. And finally, at the last stage, you should polish the coating with a soft cloth to the level you need. Sufficiently long polishing can even achieve a mirror effect.

• Features of wood waxing.

Waxing is an ancient type of woodworking, considered one of the most noble. Under the influence of beeswax, the tree becomes unusually beautiful, smooth and soft. Wax, being applied to a wooden surface, highlights its natural texture, adds a slight sheen, a noble yellowish tint can be traced on the surface, the board exudes a fresh natural aroma.

Some masters diligently polish the waxed surface to a mirror finish. Now on sale are a variety of compositions for wood waxing. Among them, one can find, for example, gum wax, used in liquid form with the addition of a solvent. It is based on beeswax, pine (cedar) resin and orange oil.

When waxing large areas, such as floors, chemical solvents are added to solid formulations. However, after the appearance of mechanical tools (irons), it is possible to apply solid formulations without dissolving them with the help of chemicals.

Today in the building materials market you can find earth-colored wood wax. It must be used carefully, since the layer may lie unevenly, it will not be easy to fix it. To change the color of the coating, you should not use earthen paint, it is preferable to impregnate the wood with stain of the appropriate color, and not with oil.

Another useful property of waxed coatings is that they do not accumulate static electricity, and therefore do not attract dust. It has also been noticed that waxed surfaces have a beneficial effect on the emotional and physical state of a person, create a comfortable atmosphere in the room.

• Wax rules.

By repeating the impregnation procedure several times in a row, each time you increase the amount of wax per unit area of ​​the wooden surface. Thus, you get the opportunity to control this parameter at your discretion.

Compositions for wood waxing may include several varieties of it. Among the most famous species, we will name beeswax or carnauba wax, resin. There are special artificial products created from the constituents of oil, they contain chemical solvents without an oil base.

Rules for the use of furniture treated with wax for wood

Note also that waxed coatings do not respond well to elevated temperatures. You can destroy them by just placing a mug of hot tea on it. You should also prevent contact of waxed surfaces with alcohol, protect them from scratches and other mechanical damage.

Wood that has been impregnated with a special compound becomes stronger and more resistant to external conditions. Such furniture will last a very long time. And so that she pleases you all this time, monitor her condition and tidy up from time to time.

Where to buy high-quality and safe materials for wood processing

You can buy wax and other materials for wood processing in our company. JSC Raduga has been operating since 1991 (former Tsentrmebelkomplekt, Decor-1). The company was organized to supply raw materials to enterprises that are part of ZAO Tsentromebel.

Today, the company's permanent business partners are not only Russian manufacturers, but also leading companies from Germany, Austria, France, Italy, Switzerland, Finland, Poland, and Sweden. Our office is located in the center of Moscow, as well as our own warehouse complex with an exhibition hall of 200 m².

In our warehouses, located in the near suburbs of Moscow, there is always a large selection of raw materials, materials and components for the production of furniture and joinery. The assortment includes more than 300 types of varnishes and 400 types of dyes, emphasis is placed on the sale of varnishes and dyes with a dry residue.

At the request of customers, our team produces polyurethane enamels in almost all colors in one or two days. We offer adhesives from five leading European manufacturers, natural veneer and lumber - more than 60 types of common, exotic and exclusive species. There is always a front and mounting hardware available - more than 4,000 items from manufacturers from Europe: Austria, Poland, Germany, etc.

Every month we process requests from more than 1800 clients. These include both large furniture factories and private entrepreneurs.

Deliveries of goods are carried out throughout Russia. Our company delivers goods in Moscow free of charge. Products are shipped by road to all regions of Russia.

Our firm takes the training of its own specialists seriously. Managers systematically undergo internships in companies engaged in the production of finishing materials in Germany, Italy, Austria, and Finland. Employees of our company provide technical assistance to customers.

We invite you to cooperate on mutually beneficial terms! We value our customers and try to find an individual approach to each customer.

Since ancient times, wood has been used by man for the construction and decoration of houses, the manufacture of furniture and interior items. This material remains popular today, thanks to its environmental friendliness and decorative qualities. However, wood products require protection from external damage, minor scratches, moisture, and dirt. To protect the wood and to emphasize the texture and beauty of the natural pattern, various coatings are used.

Among the possible options for wood treatment, waxing compares favorably with the fact that it is an environmentally friendly method for which natural products are used. So, many wooden products coated with wax can be safely used even in children's rooms.
The advantage of wax over varnish is not only in its naturalness, but also in the fact that, covering and protecting the surface, it does not clog the pores of the wood, the tree breathes. Unlike varnishes that create a film. At the same time, the appearance only wins, the water-repellent properties of the wax are good, and the coating is durable.

Scope of application of liquid wax

Depending on the consistency and composition, wax is divided into liquid, solid and water. Each of the types of wax finds its scope.
So, liquid wax is especially convenient when it is necessary to process the surface of a complex relief shape. For example, furniture richly decorated with carved elements. Wax that is hard in composition is applied with a piece of soft cloth, and in this case, it will not work.

Liquid wax is applied with a brush, easily spreads over the surface of any shape, with its help the most complex and subtle decor elements are covered. It is possible to play with the saturation of the color depending on how many layers of liquid wax are applied. There are options to make the surface shiny or matte.
As a rule, the composition of liquid wax for wood includes beeswax and a natural solvent - turpentine.

Making liquid wax at home

Such wax can be prepared at home. This will require beeswax and turpentine in a ratio of 1: 2 to obtain a liquid product. Wax is crumbled and melted in a steam bath or in a microwave oven. Then carefully and constantly stirring, pour in turpentine. If the mixture turned out to be too liquid, the procedure is repeated, heating the solution and adding more crushed wax there.
Sometimes a small amount of "carnauba wax" is added. This is not a product of beekeeping, but a hard tree resin extracted from the leaves of a palm tree in Brazil. Thanks to carnauba wax, the coating becomes stronger.

Depending on what kind of wax is used, a waxing composition of various shades is obtained. So, to preserve the natural light color of wood, it is recommended to cover it with a composition based on bleached wax. Other options give rich honey shades.
When working with turpentine, you should observe safety precautions and ventilate the room well.

Liquid wax based on linseed oil. Cooking at home.
Vegetable oils can be used instead of turpentine as solvents. Thus, it turns out an absolutely safe product with a pleasant smell, which even covers children's furniture or wooden toys.

To prepare such a remedy at home, they take natural beeswax and linseed oil in a ratio of 1: 4. Flaxseed oil should be boiled first. Sometimes it is replaced with olive oil. But flaxseed is absorbed much better, so it is preferable to use it.
Beeswax is crushed and combined with vegetable oil in a glass container. Then heated in a water bath. You can use the microwave. The finished mixture is stored for a year without losing its properties. Store in a closed container in a cool place, avoid exposure to direct sunlight.

Industrial Liquid Wax

Substances that accelerate the drying process are usually added to industrial liquid wax - desiccants, rosin esters to enhance adhesion, and various others to improve the elasticity and wear resistance of the coating.
Therefore, it is sometimes more convenient to use it, and the waxing process takes less time. Also, liquid industrial wax is tinted. After applying the tinted wax, surfaces of different color shades are obtained. From browns and bronzes to mahogany and ebony, there's something for everyone.
To prepare at home a coating composition that is ideal in consistency, on the first try, experienced craftsmen can do it, beginners will have to experiment. Therefore, ready-made industrial molds are more convenient for beginners.

Application of liquid wax

It is more convenient to apply liquid wax to the product with a hard brush, especially when it comes to embossed decorative elements. A new brush must be cleaned before the first use - remove excess hairs that are poorly fixed and will immediately appear on the surface, which will not decorate the coating. The most suitable brushes are made of natural bristles, brushes for oil painting are suitable. There are also special brushes for liquid wax on the market. They are distinguished from ordinary brushes by the pile that has been soaked at the ends.
On a new wood product, home-made liquid wax is applied in one layer. After that, the wooden surface is left for at least 1 hour. After the composition has been absorbed, its excess is removed with a piece of clean cloth. Otherwise, greasy stains may remain on the surface. For these purposes, any non-fluffy soft fabric, even a waffle towel, is suitable. The result is a beautiful noble matte surface, the texture of natural wood becomes manifested. If desired, you can apply another layer of wax, and then polish the product with a cloth or a coil of thin metal wire. In this case, the surface will acquire a characteristic sheen. For the second layer, very little composition is needed, since the main part has already been absorbed into the pores of the wood.

Surface preparation before applying liquid wax

If the wooden product is not new, but we are talking, for example, about restoration, then the surface must be carefully prepared before applying liquid wax.
First, remove the old varnish or polish. To do this, use a solvent. A single treatment will not be enough, the procedure is repeated several times until the old varnish is completely removed. The remains are carefully washed off with warm water, the most solvent-resistant areas are rubbed with sandpaper.
After that, the tree is rubbed with a stiff brush in order to remove the old coating even from the pores and furrows.
After drying, the products proceed to the final stage of preparation. The wood is skinned with a sharp carpenter's knife - cycles or sandpaper. All manipulations are carried out strictly in the direction of the wood fibers. Moreover, there should not be any protruding fibers - everything is cut off and polished. The result should be a perfectly smooth matte surface, now the tree is ready for processing with liquid wax.
The further application procedure is the same as in the case of a new surface - cloth or brush, in one or two layers, in the direction of the fibers.

Industrial Liquid Wax Application

Ready-made industrial forms of liquid wax are applied in accordance with the instructions on the package. Manufacturers include various substances that affect the drying rate. There are products that, after applying the first layer, it is not recommended to leave on the surface for more than 10 minutes, after which it should be immediately wiped with a cloth to remove excess coating. Some compounds do not absorb longer.

Some manufacturers offer liquid wax in spray form. In composition, it does not differ from analogues applied with a brush, but is available in the form of a spray bottle. It is enough to shake the can and apply the composition to the surface from a distance of 25 cm. After a while, wipe it with a piece of soft cloth, evenly distributing the coating. After drying, the product can be polished to a shine if desired. Liquid wax in the form of a spray is produced both colorless and tinted.

In any case, it is always worth doing a trial painting on a small area before proceeding with the treatment of the entire surface of the product.
According to safety regulations, all materials impregnated with liquid wax during work, such as rags, sponges, should be thrown away, or stored in airtight containers. It does not ignite spontaneously, but is combustible. The room should be ventilated during and after work.

Features of the operation of waxed products

With all the advantages of the method of treating wood with liquid wax, it should be remembered that wax is a material that is sensitive to high temperatures. Under their influence, he "floats". Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the features of the room in which future furniture or wood products will be used. Although the heat resistance of some modern industrial samples of liquid wax reaches 100 0C. However, do not wax work kitchen surfaces. If you inadvertently spill hot or put heated dishes, traces will remain. Remove which can only be re-waxing.

Wax is not compatible with products containing alcohol. When choosing a waxed furniture care product, you should carefully read the composition and instructions. In general, it is enough to simply wipe it with a dry soft cloth, and to remove dirt or remove fingerprints from time to time, use special cleaners marked “for waxed surfaces”.

If the application technology and proper care are observed, the coating of wood products with liquid wax will ensure a long service life and a noble appearance.

So that the tree does not deteriorate and does not lose its appearance over time, it is necessary to use oil or wax for the tree. Their properties imply protection from external influences.

Wax is used not only in medicine, cosmetology, but also in industry. Beeswax is composed of esters, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, which have good water repellency. When heated to +20 degrees, the density of the substance decreases. Its color does not affect properties.

The best qualities of wax:

• fire resistance;
• strengthening wood;
• moisture protection;
• improving the appearance of the material;
• moisture repellent;
• shiny appearance.

You can make your own wood waxing solution or buy a ready-made product in the store.

Previously, wax dissolved in turpentine was used as a processing composition. This is a reliable tool, but it has a serious drawback - turpentine smells unpleasant. Its smell finally disappears for about two years.

After the material is treated with wax, the appearance is transformed, small scratches are rubbed off, and the original shine appears.

Wax impregnation for wood is an important element, as it helps to prevent rotting, burning and fungal formations. Wax is considered the best protection against chemical and other influences on wood. Due to its protective properties, the tree does not lose its appearance and retains its structure and pattern for a long time. The surface becomes velvety and pleasant to the touch.

Waxing materials

Waxing wood is considered one of the best surface treatments. Such protection is quite reliable and inexpensive. On sale you can find colored wax, which allows you to add the desired color to the tree. Any wood can be waxed. For high-quality wood processing, you must purchase:

• sandpaper;
• wax;
• solvent;
• hard brush;
• cloth;
• brush.

Wood fibers shrink over time, so this impregnation will perfectly preserve the product and prevent external factors from affecting it.

waxing process

How to wax wood? Here are detailed instructions:

1. It is necessary to get rid of the old coating by removing the residue with a solvent, and then get rid of the residue of the solvent with warm water. If there are large pieces of old varnish left, you need to remove them with a carpenter's knife and sand them with sandpaper. To get rid of the varnish from the cracks, it is necessary to walk over the treated surface several times with a stiff brush. After all procedures, the surface will become even and smooth, ready for waxing.
2. It is necessary to apply wax only on a dry surface using a special cloth. At the beginning, it is necessary to process a flat surface, and then move on to cracks, corners and other elements. You can use a brush. Proper impregnation is done along the fibers.
3. After the process is completed, it is necessary to allow an hour to dry. When the wax is completely absorbed, the excess is removed with a rag. It is necessary to ensure that the wax penetrates into all cracks and hard-to-reach areas. This will give strength and durability. To get the effect of shine, you need to process the wood twice. If a film begins to form, a stiff brush must be used.

Related article: How to protect a tree with natural drying oil

It should be remembered that the work must be done carefully so as not to damage the product. Impregnation will enable the wood to sparkle in a new way, protect it from external factors, and add shine.

The waxing process itself does not require special knowledge, however, the algorithm of actions must be followed, otherwise the effect will not be noticed. It is almost impossible to damage furniture using this method. Waxing a tree not only preserves its properties for a long time, but also gives the appropriate look. External factors have less effect on its integrity, which allows you not to worry about the service life of the product.

In rare cases, shellac varnish is added to the wax coating. It is able to fix the result and add shine.

Any wooden surface needs protection. To preserve the appearance for a long time, the furniture is covered with wax or solutions that contain it. If you want to not only protect the furniture, but also give it a different shade, use colored wax.

Be aware of the properties of wax when heated. High temperatures are detrimental to waxed furniture. Traces from an ordinary mug will have to be removed by repeated waxing with polishing. Do not use this method of caring for furniture located in the kitchen. Even an ordinary hot mug can harm and ruin the table. Only by observing the precautionary measures, it is possible to extend the service life of such a coating. Otherwise, the original appearance will be lost.

It is best to use such furniture in the bedroom, room or bath. Wood, impregnated with a special composition, strengthens and becomes resistant to external conditions. This allows the furniture to serve for a very long time. In order for the decor to please for many years, it is necessary to constantly monitor its condition and put it in order.

It is necessary to avoid contact with alcohol and elevated temperatures, and also try not to leave scratches, as you will have to perform the waxing procedure again.

Application of wax

Wax mastic is applied not only to furniture, but also to the parquet floor. Grind vertically to the grain. There are several types of impregnation mixtures:

• pasty;
• creamy;
• oily.

Related article: Advantages of impregnating laminate flooring

In order for the furniture to absorb the wax as much as possible, you need to properly prepare the surface. The use of a stiff brush allows you to clean all the cracks so that waxing gives the desired effect. Grinding is necessary to obtain a uniform and smooth surface.

Wax mastic does not mask stains or defects. For this, it is necessary to apply wax treatment with a special bleach. The price category of the wax coating varies from the manufacturer and the presence of additives. The brush is the main tool for such woodworking. Cloth is used for semi-liquid type.

Hard wax is diluted with plain water. If desired, you can use colored wax. Apply gently in a thin layer. An hour is enough for complete absorption, after which the excess is removed. After these procedures, the tree will have a matte texture.

What is the difference between wax and oil?

For waxing wood, there is both wax paste and linseed oil with wax. To be able to distinguish between them, it is necessary to understand how both these means work. After application, the oil immediately impregnates the material, and the wood wax forms a film, thanks to which it protects the product from abrasion and damage.

Wax with linseed oil helps prevent drying and rotting of the tree. If the material needs to be protected, then wood wax must be chosen. If the furniture is prepared for outdoor use, then a wood wax oil is best. Waxing is the most reliable method of protecting a wooden surface. Low cost allows this method to be used by anyone who has a wooden coating.

On the video: how to make wax with linseed oil

Wax impregnation is distinguished by its environmental friendliness, safety and the presence of water-repellent properties. If circumstances so require, you can change the shades or completely the color of the coating.

What is important to know?

Mastic for wood can be used for both indoor and outdoor use. Wax and wood oil are not acceptable where a stove or stove is located nearby. Tree processing involves the use of elements such as:

• colored wax;
• liquid wax;
• white wax;
• oil wax;
• paraffin;
• turpentine;
• tint paints.