How to make a drainage well for sewerage? Do-it-yourself construction of a sewer well Is it possible to make a sewer from an existing well.

When planning and building private houses, their owners make a lot of efforts to improve the comfort of their homes. Special attention given to water supply and sewerage systems. It is important to design them correctly so that the house becomes cozy and all the needs of the residents are satisfied. For the operation of the wastewater disposal system, it is necessary to build various types of sewer wells. What are they like? How to make a sewer well with your own hands?

Lookouts. They are necessary for free access to communications. Structures of this type are installed in places where it is especially important to control the condition of sewer systems. These are the areas where pipes are connected different diameters; where the direction or slope of the pipeline changes. You also need to have access to systems on too long straight pipe runs.
Variable. Structures of this type must be built in areas where there are differences in the level of pipes. Thanks to the overflow well, the owner of the house can control the speed of movement of drains through the system; equalize the sewerage outlet with the water level if treated wastewater is discharged into a reservoir. This design is needed if the height of the drop exceeds 300 mm. If it is less, you can get by with a manhole.
Swivel. Thanks to the structures of this type, you can get free access to sections of the pipeline that have bends. In such areas, there is always a high risk of pipe blockages and there is a need for enhanced control.
Filtration. The structures are designed for post-treatment of wastewater. They are equipped only in areas with permeable soils - sandy or sandy loam. Pay attention to the depth ground water. The aquifer must be located at least 1 m below the structure. Otherwise, the drains are poorly filtered. An alternative to such structures is underground filter fields.
Cumulative. Tanks of this type are improved cesspools. Their main advantage is environmental Safety. The structures are completely sealed. Accumulating in them, runoff does not penetrate into the soil and aquifers. Minus - the containers need to be pumped out regularly. It is necessary to correctly calculate the volume of the tank in order to contact the sewage services as rarely as possible.

Operating sewer well

Scheme of the design of the inspection sewer well

What materials can be used

To make a sewer well in a private house, you can use concrete, reinforced concrete, wood, plastic. Two the best options- build with your own hands from concrete rings or buy and install a plastic structure of industrial production. Plastic structures are factory blanks. They are easy to install, but inferior to concrete rings in many ways. To make a choice, it is worth understanding the features of both types of devices.

Plastic sewer wells

What are the advantages of plastic structures

Until recently, plastic has been little used in systems outdoor sewerage. The reason is low frost resistance. Structures burst in severe frosts and began to leak. Now this problem is solved. New varieties have appeared polymer materials capable of operating in the temperature range from +70 to -50 degrees Celsius.

Manufacturers have taken care of the release of models of various diameters, so the owner of the house can only calculate the required volume and choose the product right size. Plastic blanks are much lighter than concrete rings. To properly make a well for sewage, it is enough to mount the tank. This can be done even alone.

Plastic products are absolutely impervious to water, perfectly withstand the effects of chemicals, and do not rust. All these are definite pluses. But there are enough cons. The material does not cope well with mechanical loads, so it may not withstand the pressure of the soil. Structures must not be installed in places where vehicles can pass. In terms of durability, they are significantly inferior to concrete.

Concrete rings - reliability and durability

If we compare the characteristics of strength, reliability, durability of concrete and plastic structures, the conclusions are clear. Tanks made of concrete rings can serve for several decades. In the event of a malfunction, the wells can be repaired. In this, plastic cannot be compared with concrete.

In some respects, concrete rings are still inferior to plastic. They are much more expensive, but this is not the only drawback. To independently build a sewer well from them, you have to make a lot of effort. The structures are very heavy, they can sag under their own weight. Required for installation special devices.

When choosing, it is important to find products from high quality waterproof material. You will also have to spend extra money on good waterproofing joints. Otherwise, the structure will begin to leak. Contaminated water will enter the soil, and water from the surface may seep into the well itself.

Concrete rings come in different sizes. When calculating the volume of the tank, it is worth considering that optimal height structures - 2.5 m. Most often, wells are made from products of the types KTs-10, KTs-20. There are rings standard sizes but finding them can be difficult.

For ease of installation, many products are equipped with a so-called. locks, thanks to which you can install them without displacement. The more accurately the rings are fitted to each other, the tighter, stronger, more reliable finished construction.

Scheme: dimensions of concrete rings

How to make a sewer well with your own hands

How to make a sewer well? When choosing the type of construction, consider the volume of drains. If their number does not exceed 1 cubic meter. per day, the structure may have an outlet for wastewater into the soil. Bacteria living in the soil are quite capable of coping with the processing of a small amount of organic matter.

If there are more than 1 cubic meters of wastewater or contain aggressive chemical substances from detergents, washing powders, etc., then the design must either be absolutely hermetic, or have a polluted water purification system. In this case, it makes sense to choose a plastic container, and the concrete one will have to be carefully waterproofed.

Often they make structures with a filtering bottom. They are suitable for wastewater without chemicals. Waste, passing through the filters, is cleaned to such an extent that there are no problems with their further decomposition. The depth of such a well depends on the permeability of the soil and the level of groundwater. If an inspection, nodal, differential or rotary sewer well is planned, it must be airtight.

Scheme of a well with a filter bottom

Requirements for the construction of wells for sewerage

The size of the structure depends primarily on its purpose. If we are talking about the storage facility, the larger it is, the less often you will have to call the sewers. On the other hand, too much drain can cause an unpleasant odor in the area.

The standard rate that is used in volume calculations is 150-200 liters of water per person per day. However, water consumption often significantly exceeds these figures. For example, in homes where many plumbing fixtures are installed and Appliances using water, the consumption can be 240-250 liters per day for 1 person.

To determine the desired volume, 200-240 liters (depending on consumption) are multiplied by the number of people living in the house. The result will show the average water consumption of all residents per day. It should be multiplied by 3. This will be the optimal volume of the well. Next, calculate the height of the structure, taking into account the standard sizes of the rings.

The layout of the well for sewerage

Stages of construction of sewer wells

Excavation. How to dig a sewer well - open or closed? Since the structure is shallow, the first method is preferable: first they dig a hole of the required depth, and then they mount rings in it. Even if the soil is loose, it is not necessary to resort to complex technologies, it is enough to install temporary formwork to strengthen the walls.

The closed method is used less often. In this case, a hole is prepared for one ring, and it is installed. Then they continue to take out the soil. The ring is gradually lowered. When it is at a sufficient depth, the next one is mounted on it and work continues.

Construction bottom. First, they equip the mounting pad - they fill the bottom of the pit with rubble. The layer must be at least 40 cm. The bulk material is compacted, the finished concrete bottom of the structure or slab is installed on top. If the structure must be completely sealed, then only the bottom of industrial production, made specifically for rings of the desired diameter, will do.
Wall construction. Rings are installed on cement-sand mortar. It is important to mount them exactly one on top of the other. When the solution dries, the seams and joints are waterproofed. The well is connected to the sewer, the pipe entry points are also sealed.
Completion of work. Lastly, install a cover with a hatch, insulate it. Install the ventilation pipe. It should rise above the ground by at least 60 cm.

Important! Pay special attention to the ventilation system. During the decomposition of organic substances, an explosive gas is formed. It is necessary to ensure that it does not accumulate in the tank. This can lead to negative consequences.

Stages of making a well from concrete rings

Video: how to make a sewer well

How to make a sewer well and what it should be, each homeowner determines for himself. The article contains general recommendations for the arrangement of the structure. If you are not sure that you can do everything yourself, contact the experts. In almost every area there are companies involved in the design and installation of sewerage systems. In the absence of proper skills, it is better not to experiment and contact such a company.

The owners of private houses most often have to independently equip local treatment facilities on their site. It is cheaper and easier to install sewer wells in the form of a conventional cesspool or sealed storage. A well-arranged treatment or collection point will do the job perfectly. Do you agree?

Here you will find out what materials are used in the construction of treatment facilities and storage tanks for independent sewage. We have described in detail the technologies for constructing typical sewer wells. Based on our recommendations, it will be easier for you to decide on the best option in terms of price and effort.

Often, there is simply no centralized sewerage system in the private sector with low-rise buildings. And household waste must be disposed of, not poured onto the ground. For this purpose, they construct autonomous system sewerage, including the inner and outer part.

The internal sewerage system collects effluents from plumbing fixtures, and its outer part is intended for their disposal or accumulation for the purpose of subsequent pumping out by sewers. The recipient of wastewater on the street is the end point of the export local treatment system.

If there is no general sewerage network in the village, then one cannot do without a cesspool or sewage storage near a private house

Fecal effluents in the sewer well are clarified, resulting in the formation of partially purified water and suspensions. In case of cesspool the first is drained into the ground, and the second is decomposed by microorganisms to a state of biologically safe sludge.

If the option with a storage tank is chosen, then sewage is simply collected in an airtight container, and as it is filled, they are pumped out with the involvement of a sewage machine.

Fermentation and clarification of wastewater can be carried out in one or more tanks connected in series. However, in the second case, the installation of sewer wells is greatly complicated.

It is easier to equip one well structure, and to speed up the purification processes, pour chemical or biological reagents into it.

Most often, on the adjacent plot, the owners of private houses make a cesspool on their own. But if the groundwater level is high, then the cesspool option is not suitable, you have to install storage capacity. Moreover, its volume is selected large enough to reduce the number of calls for sewers.

The decomposition of the biological component of sewage in the cesspool occurs due to anaerobic microbes. They do not require oxygen replenishment for life, therefore, additional aerobic installations will not be required to be installed in the well. The entire cleaning system turns out to be non-volatile, not requiring connection to the mains.

All decay processes inside the sewer well occur naturally, thanks to bacteria living in the soil. In this matter, they are quite successful, but anaerobes “work” rather slowly. Therefore, in order to speed up the processes, occasionally into the pit.

The distance between the draining bottom of the cesspool and the groundwater layer must be at least a meter, otherwise the purified water will have nowhere to go

Requirements for the arrangement of such structures

All sewerage must be installed according to a pre-developed plan, which indicates the layout of all elements of the system and the building materials used. Its outer part in the case under consideration consists of a pipe draining from the house and a treatment plant.

The design and installation of sewer wells is regulated in the following regulatory documents:

If you do not comply with the requirements specified in them, then the sewage system after assembly may simply be inoperative.

When choosing a place on the site for a treatment structure, one should not forget about the need to leave free access to it, even a draining cesspool must be cleaned from accumulated sludge from time to time

Structurally, the sewer well consists of:

necks with a lid or hatch;
shafts in the middle part (working chamber);
bottom (draining or sealed, depending on the option chosen for installation).

Even elements of the same type This design can vary greatly in size and shape. Much depends on the material of manufacture and design features treatment plant, as well as the volume of the tank.

What can be used to build a sewer well?

A well construction can be made from a variety of building materials.

When choosing the best option must be taken into account:

Climatic conditions of the area (maximum possible and average temperatures, total amounts of rainwater and snow).
Soil characteristics (freezing depth, composition and GWL).
Features of the relief of the site.

If the soils are very heaving, then the sewerage well should be made of the most durable building materials. And for wet soils, you will have to select the most moisture-resistant option.

The most inexpensive and fastest to install is the construction of reinforced concrete rings, however, to install them in an excavated pit, you will need to order a crane

With your own hands, a sewer well can be easily made from:

brick and stone;
monolithic concrete;
reinforced concrete rings;
prefabricated plastic structures
old tires.

The cheapest at self-assembly it will cost either a septic tank assembled from factory or home-made concrete rings.

But in the first case, you will have to tinker with masonry, and in the second, you will need lifting equipment. Lowering heavy concrete products into the pit by hand is not recommended; they can collapse if they are torn off and hit hard.

It will be possible to make only a sewer well with drainage from a brick, it is extremely difficult and expensive to ensure complete tightness of brick walls

The concrete monolithic option will require the arrangement of the formwork and the preparation of the mortar. If the latter is ordered already mixed in a concrete mixer, this will lead to a serious increase in the cost of work.

Structures made of plastic (polyethylene or PVC), fiberglass and polymer sand are quite expensive. But they are durable and extremely easy to install with your own hands. Such products weigh a little, a couple of people are enough for their installation.

A very cheap sewer well will come out of used tires. They cost a penny in a tire shop, or you can collect tires in a landfill for free. But here the same problem as in the case of a brick.

It is extremely problematic to make such a structure airtight, and it is almost impossible to repair it. you can arrange one of them, but the drive is no longer there.

Image gallery

You will learn everything about choosing a container for a storage sewer well for independent sewage from.

Choosing the location and volume of the tank

When installing a sewer well, observe whole line sanitary and building requirements. Failure to do so increases the risk of biological contamination. The situation can be brought to an outbreak of infections, which threatens the owner of the cottage with serious problems.

Installation of a sewer well should be carried out at a distance from:

fruit-bearing trees and beds of 3 m;
foundations of buildings on personal plot at 4–5 m;
roads and underground engineering communications(gas, water, electricity) 5 m;
wells for drinking water and reservoirs in 30 m.

A slight deviation from these figures is possible only when installing a sealed storage tank or when constructing a cesspool with powerful concrete walls with reliable external waterproofing.

In the case of an absorption well, water that has passed a multilayer filter of sand and gravel should fall into the underlying layers of the soil away from buildings, communications, drinking wells, all types of reservoirs and private pools.

Distances should be observed in order not to change the composition of groundwater for the worse, not to pollute water bodies with insufficient cleaning and not to wash out the underlying base from under building structures and engineering networks.

However, if the well structure for sewerage is removed too far from the house, then the pipeline between them will have to be arranged every 10-15 meters, which will lead to considerable additional expenses. But this will have to be done, otherwise, if the pipe is clogged, you will have to open the soil in order to clean it corny.

The main thing during installation is to make the rings on top of each other exactly without displacement. Otherwise, gaps form in the walls, which can no longer be hermetically closed. A pit for a cesspool can be dug immediately to the full depth and then the rings are lowered into it.

And a variant is possible with the installation of one of the concrete products first and the production of a gradual undermining under it, while being inside the resulting mine.

The depth of the sewer well is determined by the number of reinforced concrete rings and additional elements necks with standardized sizes from 0.7 to 2 meters

When arranging an absorption well to form a drainage layer, gravel is poured inside with a layer of about half a meter of crushed granite. You can take lime (dolomite) stone, but it will last no more than 20 years and can lead to soil salinization. Crushed stone should be of medium size, a few centimeters. Smaller fractions are simply compressed, ceasing to drain water.

Option # 2: tire drain pit

Car tires made of rubber are not subject to corrosion, do not crack in the cold and do not break when the soil is heaving. They make an excellent cesspool. But before you seriously think about it.

A cesspool made from old tires is cheap and easy to install, but leaky and completely unsuitable for repair.

If at least one of the tires leaks, you will have to dig out the entire well structure and shift it again. It cannot be replaced or repaired in any way.

Plus, it is impossible to ensure the tightness of the seams between the tires. Can be applied various sealants, but due to thermal expansion, the rubber will still “breathe” slightly during the year, destroying the sealing layer.

Such a well design is suitable as a sewer for a small house for one or two people or a cottage with occasional visits. But if you want to clean the effluents produced by a larger family, then you should choose a more productive and larger facility.

Option #3: plastic construction

The easiest way is to install factory-made plastic containers. Their price is higher than that of the reinforced concrete counterpart. But on the other hand, how much time and effort can be saved on installing such a sewer well with your own hands. Due to the low weight of the structure, the crane is not required, it can be lowered into the pit by two people.

Pipes are inserted into the plastic well through holes already cut at the factory using rubber cuffs, installation is quick and easy

Plastic sewer wells are available in various sizes and heights. You can always find an option for the desired volume. It is better to choose a case with stiffeners and reliable fasteners for a concrete “anchor” under it.

If you do not securely fix it at the bottom of the pit on a concrete base, then it can be squeezed out of the ground during heaving and floods. The lightness of the design makes it easy to install, but leads to problems with “floating”.

If a sealed version is mounted, then there are zero problems. It will only be necessary to pour a concrete slab 15-20 cm thick at the bottom of the pit, laying iron hooks in the solution for attaching the hull.

But when installing a well with drainage in place of the bottom, you will have to tinker. It will be necessary to make a reliable heavy base that would not block the access of drained water to the ground. You will have to install an additional concrete ring down or pour something similar with your own hands.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Video #1 How to make a cesspool out of tires on your own:

Video #2 Stages of construction of a sewage well from concrete rings:

Video #3 How to properly fasten well rings made of concrete:

You can make a sewer well on your own from different building materials with a minimum of effort and money spent. There are no difficulties here, the main thing is to correctly design the entire sewerage system and correctly select a place on the site for its external component.

From above, the waste tank can be masked with a removable flower bed or an artificial boulder.

Tell us how you arranged a sewer well in your own summer cottage. Please write your comments in the box below. Share your impressions step by step photos construction process, ask questions.

If you are building new house or decided to improve the old one, one of the main tasks will be the installation of communications that provide comfortable living. Since it is impossible without a properly designed drainage system, the question will arise - how to make a sewer well with your own hands.

If you want to save money and do not plan to involve a contractor in this work, then before starting it, you should study all the norms and rules for sewerage for a private house. They are contained in SNiPs, which are quite difficult for people who are not related to the construction business to understand, so we suggest that you just read this article carefully.

Rules for the construction of sewer wells

Before you start doing something, you need to decide on, its volume and depth. To do this, you need to draw at least a primitive sewerage scheme from the exit from the house to the well, which will also help you calculate required amount required materials.

Sanitary requirements

When choosing a place for a sewer septic tank or cesspool, you should first consider the location of the water intake points. And not only on their site, but also on neighboring ones.

If contaminated sewage seeps into the aquifer and from there into the well, it can cause serious illness. The type of soil also matters - how permeable it is.

The instruction requires compliance with the following distances between sewer and water wells:

For sandy soils- not less than 50 meters;
With clay- not less than 20 meters.

Having determined the places on your site that meet these requirements, you can decide which of them is more convenient to locate the structure, taking into account the distance to the house and the position of the outlet point of the internal sewer system.

Technical requirements

The first thing to know is that you cannot place the structure closer than three meters from the foundation of the house.

The ideal distance is 8-12 meters in a straight line. But it is not always possible to withstand it: the layout and topography of the site may not allow this.

In such cases, when building a sewer well with your own hands, you must follow the following rules:

If the length of the sewer pipeline is very large, it must be installed on it. The first - at a distance of 3 to 12 meters from the outlet from the house, the next - every 15 meters. They are necessary to control the operation of the system and facilitate its cleaning if necessary.

If the pipeline has turns or is connected into one common line of two or more outlets, it is installed at such nodes. It is also used as a lookout.

If the terrain does not allow laying a pipe with minimal slope, a differential well is being built, which makes it possible to ensure an acceptable speed of movement of effluents.

It is important! It should be explained why the speed with which sewer drains move through the pipes. If it is very small, a plug may occur in the pipe, which will clog the lumen. If it is too large, then the liquid will drain quickly, not having time to entrain solid fractions with it, which again will lead to the formation of congestion.

Water drains by gravity, which is provided by the slope of the pipe. With a diameter of 100 mm, it should be 2 cm for each running meter, if the diameter is 50 mm, the slope is one and a half times more - 3 cm per linear meter.

That is, the farther the well is located from the outlet, the deeper it should be, since the entrance to it will be lower. By drawing a sewerage scheme on a scale with the correct slope of the pipeline, you will receive this mark, after which you can calculate the depth and volume of the container.

For reference. The volume is calculated based on the number of people living in the house, each of whom has about 150 liters of waste per day, the type of well and the frequency of its emptying.

Types of drain wells

It can be accumulative or filtering. In any case, it is a working container with a closed hatch, the difference lies in the bottom device.

So:

Cumulative is designed to collect sewage, which, as it is filled, is pumped out by a sewage machine (silo pump) and taken out. It must be completely sealed.
In the filter the liquid seeps into the lower layers of the soil, where it is gradually cleared, passing through its layers, so it is made without a bottom and installed on a filter layer of gravel, broken brick or crushed stone. It has to be pumped out less often.

Attention! At a high level of groundwater, the device of a filtering well without preliminary treatment of wastewater is unacceptable.

There is also a more advanced design of sewer wells - a septic tank, in which stepwise wastewater treatment takes place, but it must be designed and installed by specialists.

How to build a sewer well yourself

Many private developers decide to deal with the sewage system on their own, since this is not the most difficult task, and the cost savings are decent.

Stages of work

Since the average depth is 4-6 meters, in order to reduce labor costs and save time, it is better to dig a pit under it with an excavator. The diameter of the pit should be greater than the outer diameter of the well (or its linear dimensions with a rectangular or square shape) by at least 30-40 cm.

If you decide to make a storage tank from reinforced concrete rings, rubble stone or brick, the sequence of work is as follows:

Digging a trench for the pipeline and excavation;
Preparation of the base by backfilling a layer of crushed stone at the bottom and ramming it;
Filling the bottom with concrete;

For reference. You can do it easier and lay it on the bottom of the pit ready reinforced concrete slab.

or brick walls. The seams between the rings are closed cement mortar, brick walls are plastered with it;

Input inlet device drain pipe. After its installation, the injection site is also carefully sealed;

Note. The inlet pipe should protrude 5-8 cm into the well.

Insulation of the outer walls with tar or a layer of greasy clay;
Backfilling of soil with its compaction;
Laying a floor slab with a hatch;

Installation of a ventilation pipe to prevent the accumulation of explosive gases in the well, which are released during the decomposition of organic matter. It should rise above ground level by at least 60-70 cm.

It is built in the same way, with the only difference that the bottom under it is not completely filled, but only under the walls, so that they do not rest on the ground, but on concrete base. In addition, at the bottom of the first ring they make their way drainage holes, and outside is backfilling of rubble.
In the case of brick construction, holes are left immediately in the lower rows of masonry.

Plastic wells

It is much easier to use ready-made containers made of durable and frost-resistant plastic. Perhaps the price of the products themselves will be higher than the cost of reinforced concrete rings, but you can save time and effort, as well as money, without calling a manipulator to install heavy and bulky structures in the pit.

Plastic wells are lightweight and you can handle it yourself. They are produced in different volumes and diameters, with ready-made inlets for pipes, so you will not have any difficulties with their selection and installation.

In addition to low weight and ease of installation, plastic wells have the following advantages:

Absolute tightness, which will allow you not to engage in insulation work and not worry about possible leaks;
Resistant to both very low and high temperatures;
Resistance to aggressive environments;
High strength and, as a result, durability. They will not require any repairs throughout the entire period of operation.

Final work

The finished well is completely covered with earth to prevent freezing. Only the hatch remains open. There should always be free access to it, and there should be access roads for silosos nearby.

It remains only to think about how to fit this element, necessary for a comfortable life, but not too attractive, into the landscape of the site, especially if it is located in an open place. Make it simple.

Now on sale there are special decorative covers for well hatches in the form of a large boulder or a removable flower bed. Can be arranged around the hatch alpine slide or install light wooden or wire frame climbing plants. There are many options, it is enough to turn on the fantasy.

Conclusion

From all of the above, we can draw an unambiguous conclusion: our comfort is in our hands, and if desired, it can be achieved without spending extra money and physical strength. If we talk specifically about the device of individual sewerage on the site, then the easiest way is to assemble it from finished products – plastic pipes, connecting elements and different kind wells. How to do it right, the video in this article will tell you.

Reading time ≈ 4 minutes

Today, many people are thinking about how to make a sewer well. Especially often this desire arises during the construction of a new house. In order to do everything, you do not need to contact some workers. You can make a sewer well with your own hands, thus saving your money.

What needs to be done first?

Of course, choose a place where everything will be located. Here you need to take into account not only some of your personal preferences, but also sanitary norms. After all, you need to understand that later you will need pipe laying. Study the SNIP properly before starting work. Between two manholes there should not be a distance of more than 15 meters. Be sure to see what distances still need to be observed. Please note that there should not be any swivel pipes without swivel equipped wells. And without observing the distances, it may turn out that drinking water will also enter the system.

Carrying out calculations

Many people wonder how to make a sewer well with their hands. But there is no universal answer here, it all depends on your specific case. For example, if you choose a large funded option, you will not lose. It doesn't need to be cleaned that often. Yes, and Ilosos will need to be called from case to case. Another sewer well from the rings is relevant.

Much depends on the number of people living on the site. For example, each person should have about 150 liters of wastewater. If this is a family of four, then about 700 liters will be needed. But here everything is individual, it depends on what household appliances you will enjoy.

What hygiene standards should be taken into account?

It is primarily decided whether the well will be airtight. It all depends on the volume. If the flow is more than one cubic meter, then the answer should be positive. Otherwise, you will have to carefully work on the cleaning system. Otherwise, harmful bacteria will enter the soil, and from there directly into the food.

If you are making a sealed version, then be sure to concrete the walls. The same applies to the bottom. After the concrete comes a layer of sealant. But you can simplify this process using a specialized container. It should be understood that the hermetic version will require much more serious financial investments in materials. In addition, you will have to pay money for waste disposal. So think well. It is possible that the option with a small drain is suitable for you.

How is a sewer well created in a private house?

Must see detailed photos, videos and drawings to help you navigate without problems. First, dig a hole of the size you need. If it is large, then you can order an excavator. Special equipment will save you a lot of time and nerves. Keep in mind that about 40 cm of the bottom will have to be covered with rubble. This is important in order not to contaminate wastewater. This process can not only cause terrible diseases, but also cause fines.

Now choose the materials for making the well. It can be plastic, wood, concrete, bricks. Now they should equip the bottom. You can do everything under a slight slope especially for the future hatch. After the walls are placed, a sewer pipe is carried out. The walls must be covered with sealant. An overlap with a hatch is installed, and the top is filled with waterproofing material. Ventilation tube installed at a distance of about 60 cm above the ground. Ventilation must not be ignored. It is designed not just for better cleaning, it is an essential safety requirement.

What to do next?

Now you can test your new sewer. It is advisable at this stage to consult with a specialist how often you will have to call a vacuum truck. No matter how small your well is, sooner or later you will have to use the services of workers. If you feel unpleasant odors after construction, then simply use various chemical or biological agents. True, they have one drawback. They are ineffective at a temperature of +5 degrees Celsius. Happy building!

Video of the construction of sewerage at their summer cottage

It is not often necessary to make a sewer well with your own hands. As a rule, such a serious event will take place during the construction of a new house. Or, perhaps, you have purchased a ready-made house or cottage.

The first moment of happiness has passed and now you need to think about how to make your purchase more comfortable and fit for a normal life. It is very important to create comfort that it has a water supply and sewerage system.

It is not for nothing that when they write in ads for the sale “a house with all amenities” or “a house without amenities”, they mean exactly the presence or absence of the above systems.

If there is no water supply in the house or internal sewerage you will have to work hard.

The first step is to decide how to make a sewer well.

Of course, you can hire specialists who will do everything necessary calculations and work. But this is a rather expensive pleasure, so many decide to make a sewer well for a summer residence or for country house with your own hands.

A bit of theory

Sewer networks are divided into:

outdoor;
internal.

The internal sewerage system is the one inside the house, respectively, the external system runs outside the house.

When designing and installing a sewer system, one of the main problems will be determining the place where wastewater will drain. It is best to connect to the central sewer system.

In the same case, if there are no city sewer pipes near your house or plot, you just have to equip the sewer well yourself.

First you need to decide on the place where the sewer pipe exits the basement or basement of the house (for this you already need to know where all the plumbing will be located in the house) in order to know which side you can arrange a sewer well.

Your attention!

Where to place a sewer well for a summer residence or a private house?

The scheme of the sewer well must be drawn up taking into account all these nuances, if you want to have a normally working sewer system in the house and clean air in the area.

What questions arise with self-employment?

What size to make a sewer well?

If we are talking about a simple cesspool, then the larger the better - less often you will have to call a sewage pumping machine.

There is a general formula that determines the volume of a sewer well. But all this is conditional and depends on the intensity of the use of water and therefore sewerage.

For example: for a family of 3-4 people living in a country house, 3-4 reinforced concrete rings will not always be required.

To make the well airtight or leave the possibility of wastewater entering the ground?

There is no definite answer to this question - hermetically or not, it all depends on a particular case.

According to the norms and rules, a sewer well must be built airtight, that is, the bottom and walls must be tightly concreted. But this entails additional material costs, since how much water is poured into the sewer, so much will have to be taken out by a sewage truck.

Therefore more common on our summer cottages are wells with a filtering bottom, through which liquid fractions of sewage seep into the soil surrounding the well.

If you decide to save on wastewater disposal by making the sewer well leaky, then you will have to take into account some nuances during construction, otherwise a foul-smelling swamp will soon form around the well, and it will be impossible to drink water from nearby aquifers.

The main requirement, as mentioned above, the distance between the sewer and drinking wells must be at least 30 meters. The depth of the sewer well will depend on the structure of the soil, you need to reach well-filtering soil (sand).

The bottom of such a sewer well must be covered with rubble from a height of 30 to 40 cm. If on your site high level groundwater (1.5 miles above), you should not use this type of well, as the faecal water will mix with the groundwater and this can lead to poisoning or other unpleasant consequences.

What to make a sewer well?

Sewer wells are:

brick;
Reinforced concrete;
Wooden;
Assembled plastic.

In practice, for the construction of sewer wells, the most various materials. You can lay out the walls of the well in red or silicate brick, it is possible to veneer the walls of the sewer well wooden planks impregnated with a special solution against decay.

Often used and quite unconventional materials, for example, wells are often found, the walls of which are lined with cut tractor tires.

But still, reinforced concrete rings are most often used for the construction of sewer wells because of the simplicity of design and ease of installation.

The easiest to install plastic sewer wells.

In fact, to install them, you only need to dig a hole of the required size, lay out the foundation, install a well and connect a sewer. But so far, for the average consumer, the cost of such wells is still quite high, although this type of sewer wells is the most environmentally friendly and pays for itself over time.

The period for the removal of sewage is significantly increased. On average, sewage from plastic wells must be taken out once a year.

How to sewer with reinforced concrete wells?

It is clear that the sewer well will consist of several reinforced concrete rings. The scheme of the sewer well is simple - these are several rings standing on top of each other and fastened together.

Installation diagram:

Install the first ring in the designated area for the sewer well.
Now you need to dig inside and along the edge of the ring the hole itself. From time to time it is necessary to plant the ring down, this will require at least two people so that the ring is seated without distortions. Yes, it is most convenient if one person digs and the second one pulls out the soil.
When the upper edge of the first ring drops to ground level, we install the second ring exactly on top of the first ring, and the “locks” of the rings must be placed one above the other.
We continue in the same spirit until all the rings fall below ground level. Carefully measure the depth at which the drain sewer pipe fits into the well. Please note that the pipe must enter the sewer well at a depth of at least 0.6 meters from the surface, otherwise it will freeze in winter.
Do not forget that the hole in the upper ring for entering the pipe must be punched before the ring goes underground.
On top of the rings we make formwork from brickwork(this is necessary for the insulation of the sewer well).
We install a reinforced concrete slab with a hatch on the formwork.
The sewer well must be waterproofed from above. This is necessary so that melt water or precipitation does not fall into the sewer well.

The scheme of sewer wells such as septic tanks is more complicated, but such a well can also be made with your own hands. In fact, the septic tank is the simplest treatment plant for the treatment of small volumes of wastewater.

Simplified is two (or more) adjacent wells connected by an overflow pipe.

In this case, the first container is a chamber with a sealed bottom and the initial settling of sewage takes place in it. As it is filled, lighter liquid fractions enter the second chamber with a filter base through the overflow pipe, and the almost purified wastewater goes into the ground.

Like conventional sewer wells, septic tanks are also available in ready-made in the form of two connected plastic containers. In this case, you just have to prepare the appropriate hole and connect sewer pipe coming from home.

Using a septic tank instead of a conventional well has several advantages:

much more high degree cleaning and less soil contamination around the well;
practical absence unpleasant odors next to wells;
the period between calls to the sewage truck increases;
A septic tank is the most environmentally friendly option for an outdoor sewer system that you can build yourself.