Metal profile roofing panels minimum roof slope. How to calculate the slope of a sandwich panel roof

Sandwich panel roofing is a new word in the arrangement of pitched and flat roofs of various configurations and sizes. The design features of the material allow you to create a hermetically sealed coating with ideal qualities. Sandwich technology provides for the installation of ready-made roofing components. It will take up to 50% less time to erect roofs using the roofing "pie" technology than to install other materials. About the technical parameters of the building material, the features of its installation and operation, further in the review.

What is sandwich panel

The sandwich panel is a building material with a three-layer structure. The component parts of the roofing panel are tightly bonded to each other by means of a two-component polyurethane-based adhesive. The upper and lower layers of the three-level system are made of thin sheet galvanized steel with a polymer coating. The thickness of the metal elements of the "pie" is 0.5 or 0.7 mm. Steel sheets are profiled with stiffeners. The middle layer is represented by insulation, which is a basalt mineral wool, expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam plate.

Advantages of roofing material:

presentable appearance;
durability;
increased fire resistance;
strength;
resistance to deformation;
light weight;
ease of installation work;
resistance to aggressive environments and other negative influences from the outside.

Characteristics and dimensions

The sandwich panel roof is characterized by good sound insulation, excellent thermal insulation properties and water resistance. Sandwich type roofing does not allow cold air to pass from outside and retains warm air inside the premises.

The linear parameters of the standard slab are:

width - 1000 mm;
length - from 2500 to 16000 mm;
product thickness - from 50 to 250 mm.

The main characteristics of the roofing material are thermal conductivity, load-bearing capacity, fire resistance, sound insulation and weight. The type of insulation and panel thickness have a key influence on the technical parameters of the product.

The thermal insulation indicator serves as a guideline for choosing the thickness of the panel. The thicker the slab, the more heat air will be retained in the middle of the building.

Indicators of sandwich panels with mineral wool insulation:

sound insulation - from 30 to 43 dB;
thermal conductivity - 0.05W / Mk;
fire resistance limit - EI 30 to EI 180;
flammability group - NG;
density - from 120 to 140 kg / m 3;
specific gravity - from 17.5 to 43.5 kg / m 2.

Characteristics of roofing boards with polystyrene insulation:

sound insulation - from 25 to 39 dB;
thermal conductivity - 0.042 W / Mk;
fire resistance limit - EI 15;
flammability group - G1;
density - 25 kg / m 3;
specific gravity - from 12.2 to 17.2 kg / m 2.

Characteristics of sandwich panels with polyurethane foam insulation:

sound insulation - from 30 to 35 dB;
thermal conductivity - 0.022W / Mk;
fire resistance limit - EI 15;
flammability group - G4;
density - 41 kg / m 3;
specific gravity - from 9.2 to 15.5 kg / m 2.

Three-level roofing systems have the ability to withstand heavy loads without compromising the quality of the material. The maximum wind load reaches 48 kgf / m 2, the coating can withstand up to 150 kg of snow per 1 m 2. The service life of sandwich panels reaches 30 years.

Preparing for installation

High-quality installation of sandwich slabs on the roof is impossible without preliminary preparation of the process. The first step is to get acquainted with the design and installation documentation. The project determined the size and type of sandwich panels, the number of plates, the layout flow chart and fastening methods nodes, the amount of waterproofing materials.

Before starting installation work, you should check the position of the crossbars, rafters and girders, eliminate possible differences, check the slope angle. At the preparatory stage, the necessary tools and related materials are procured.

Required tools and materials

To trim slabs, fasten materials and seal butt joints during installation work, the following material and technical equipment will be required:

electric shears;
stationary circular saw;
fine-toothed file;
screwdriver or electric drill;
building level;
long roofing screws made of carbon or stainless steel, complete with sealing washers;
short self-tapping screws for fixing additional elements.

The length of the self-tapping screws for fixing the sheets is selected based on the material of the supporting structure and the thickness of the panel itself. For fastening the flooring of sandwich panels, self-tapping screws 12.5 mm long are usually used.

In addition to the three-layer slabs themselves, additional elements and forming parts will be required for the roof device:

cornice strip;
end plates and plugs;
ridge bar.
valleys.

Sandwich panel crate

Various materials can be used to construct a frame for a sandwich panel:

wood;
metal;
reinforced concrete.

The advantages of a wooden support system are affordable price, environmental friendliness of the material, low thermal conductivity and ease of assembly. The disadvantages of a base made of wood include the need for additional processing of the material from inflammation and damage by fungus and insects.

Reinforced concrete substructures are characterized by a long service life, high strength, rust resistance and low thermal conductivity. A significant disadvantage of reinforced concrete lathing is its high weight.

The metal lathing is a quickly erected, strong and reliable structure that is resistant to deformation. The negative qualities of the metal support are high thermal conductivity, the need for anti-corrosion treatment, and a considerable cost.

The frame structure is designed taking into account the geometric parameters of the sandwich panels. The distance between the purlin girders should ensure that the plates are fastened 5 cm from the edge, the supports should coincide with the joining of the panels.

Installation technology

The lifting of sandwich panels to the roof is carried out using special equipment. To avoid damage to the material, the lifting mechanism must be equipped with lifting devices in the form of vacuum suction cups or soft grips.

Before starting work, remove the protective film from the lower surface of the plates. Roofing blocks are mounted in rows in the direction from the roof overhang to the ridge. The panels are fixed to the frame with roofing screws. Fasteners are screwed in strictly perpendicular to the sheet, screwed in without excessive force, so as not to damage the gasket.

Installation of a sandwich panel roof begins from the corner of the bottom row, which in turn forms a cornice overhang. Subsequent elements are mounted with an overlap, fixing them to the already laid blocks and to the crate.

The end parts of the sandwich panel are equipped with Z-Lock locks. Fixation of sheets in the longitudinal direction is carried out by means of tool joints. It is important to ensure that the ridges of the locks fit snugly into the depressions of the subsequent slabs. For reliable sealing of joints, butyl rubber or silicone sealant is applied to the locking grooves.

After laying the roofing boards, proceed to the installation of the roof ridge. Sequencing:

Installing the inner ridge strip.
Filling the gaps between the plates with polyurethane foam.
Installation of profile polyurethane gaskets.
Filling joints with mineral wool or other insulation.
Fixation on the ridge of the ridge bar.
Installation of a polyurethane pad with a self-adhesive base on the top of the ridge.
Installation of the ridge strip using short self-tapping screws.

Minimum roof pitch

In the presence of transverse joints, window hatches and other details that violate the integrity of the coating, the minimum slope of the sandwich panel roof is at least 7 0. In cases where a solid sheet fills the entire span along its length, a slope reduction of up to 5 0 is allowed.

At the stage of roof design, the slope of the slope is selected based on the climatic characteristics of the region. For dry and hot areas, the roof slope can be from 5 to 25 0. In areas prone to frequent rains, the roofing sheet is laid at an angle of at least 40 °.

When laying the roofing sheet on slopes with a slope of more than 15 0, it is mandatory to mount additional supports that prevent the sandwich panels from sliding down.

Installation with transverse joints

The technology for arranging transverse connections includes the following steps - at the panel of the next row, a part of the lower cladding and insulation are cut off, equal to the overlap. The amount of overlap is determined based on the slope of the slope, for roofs with a slope of 5 to 10 0 - 30 cm, with a slope of 10 to 20 0 - 20 cm laid sheet of the bottom row. The junction of the plates of the lower and upper row should fall on the frame run. The gap between the sandwich panels must be completely filled with sealants to avoid leakage.

Installation errors and their consequences

The main mistakes in the installation of a "sandwich" roof covering:

inaccuracies in project documentation;
uneven frame;
cutting panels with a grinder;
wrong choice of self-tapping screws;
overtightening or under-tightening of fasteners;
neglect of seals;
incorrect arrangement of abutments and seam connections.

As a result of the mistakes made at the stage of installation work, roofing leaks are formed. Violation of the technology is fraught with a decrease in the wind resistance of the flooring and other technical parameters of the material declared by the manufacturer.

Operating rules and repair

Operation of a flat sandwich panel roof does not require much effort. Operational measures are reduced to a timely roof from debris. Once every six months, it is necessary to inspect the technical condition of the coating. If defects are detected, carry out repair and restoration work as soon as possible.

The most common defect is damage to the polymer shell on the outer skin. For the repair of sandwich panel roofs, special enamels. The paint and varnish material for restoration work is selected taking into account the type of protective coating, the color and shade of the roofing boards.

Depressurization of butt joints is a defect that can not only lead to leaks, but also the destruction of the insulation. The opened seams must be coated with a sealant.

Overview of modern manufacturers

There is a wide selection of sandwich panel manufacturers on the roofing market. The leading positions in the indicated segment are occupied by:

the company "Promkpanel" - specializes in the production of sandwich panels for roofs based on mineral wool and expanded polystyrene, as well as shaped elements. The advantages of a domestic manufacturer are high quality products and an affordable price per m2 of roofing;
the company "Petropanel" supplies to the domestic market sandwich panels with mineral wool insulation. The production of three-component roofing boards is carried out on the equipment of the British company "ISOWALL";
the company "Kraft SPAN" - produces high-quality roofing panels with high indicators of fire resistance, tightness and strength. Basalt mineral wool was used as an insulating layer. The production base of the company is equipped with equipment from the Australian company "Hilleng";
Izobud company - the company's products have been presented on the building materials market since 1998 and are widely known both in Russia and abroad. Roofing materials undergo strict control for compliance with international standards and sanitary and hygienic standards. The manufacturer supplies the market with sandwich panels for the roof with mineral wool and polyisocyanurate foam insulation;
company "Vesta Park" - the company has been repeatedly nominated in various competitions in the field of building materials. The advantages of Vesta Park products are high quality that meets international standards, a wide range of colors of sandwich panels, and a loyal pricing policy.

Sandwich panels are widely used in the construction of roofs for industrial and agricultural buildings, retail facilities, sports facilities. Competently designed and correctly installed decking made of three-layer systems will serve as a reliable shelter for many years.

The presence of stiffening ribs located in a protective metal layer makes roofing sandwich panels a sufficiently strong material, which allows them to withstand a snow load of up to 150 kg per m2 and ensure an effective drainage of water from the roof of the house. Thanks to reliable thermal insulation, such material can be used in any climatic zone of Russia. It is for these reasons that sandwich panel roofing is in high demand among developers. In order for the coating to serve for a long time and reliably, it is necessary to strictly follow the installation technology and SNiP standards.

Roof slope

According to the SNiP standards, the minimum slope of roofing sandwich panels is 5 °, but provided that the coating is made of solid panels without joints along the length and there are no windows or other structures that violate the integrity of the finishing layer in the roof. In other cases, the minimum slope angle must be at least 7 °.

When choosing the type of roof structure and the angle of its slope, one should pay attention to the peculiarities of the climate in the construction area. If precipitation occurs frequently, it is recommended to perform a roof slope under the sandwich panel with a slope of at least 40 ° - in this case, rainwater will not linger at the joints. In regions with dry hot climates, the best option is a roof with a slope of 7-25 °.

It is necessary to immediately take into account that a steeper roof requires more roofing material.

If the slope is insufficient, moisture will stagnate on the roof, which negatively affects the waterproofing of the panel joints. During thaws and frosts, the accumulated water, turning into ice, can damage the outer protective layer of the panel and begin to destroy the metal of the shell.

The minimum slope of the sandwich panel roof does not require the use of additional fasteners when installing the material on supporting structures made of wood, reinforced concrete or metal. If the sandwich panels are laid on the structure with an inclination of more than 7 °, it is necessary to install additional fasteners.

Tools and materials for installation

Installation of a sandwich panel roof requires cutting the material, fixing it, as well as sealing the joints. Material cutting can be done:

electric shears;
fine-toothed saw for cold cutting;
stationary machine with a circular saw.

A grinder with an abrasive wheel or hot cutting tools should never be used.... Heating of the cut site will provoke deformation of the panel, damage to its decorative and protective layer, which will ultimately lead to corrosion of the material.

In order to carry the sandwich panels from place to place without the risk of damaging their surface, it is recommended to use a mechanical or vacuum gripper. In places where the gripper is installed on the panel, remove the protective film from it.

Fastening of roof sandwich panels is carried out using long stainless or carbon steel screws equipped with washers and sealing elements. Synthetic rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer, EPDM) seals are required to seal the attachment point. The length of the screws depends on the thickness of the panel and the material of construction to which it is attached. To tighten the screws, an electric drill with speed control or a screwdriver is used.

Do not overtighten the fasteners as this will reduce their service life. In addition, the over-tightened self-tapping screw can damage the panel.

It is important to correctly determine the required number of fasteners, taking into account:

wind load on the object (depends on the height and location);
object type (closed / open);
in which area of the roof is the panel to be attached (the outer panels are most exposed to wind load);
bearing capacity of one fastener.

For accurate calculations, it is advisable to contact a specialist.

The joints between the panels must be properly sealed. Do not allow the appearance of gaps in the longitudinal joints.

How to do the work correctly, you can find out from the video instructions:

Regardless of the angle of inclination of the roof, longitudinal joints are sealed using a special tape (for example, Abris Lb 10x2) or silicone sealant. A sealing tape is also necessary when arranging abutments to vertical structures.

Features of roofing material

Sandwich panels are an easy-to-install material suitable for roofing. Manufacturers offer a wide range of boards, differing in purpose, size, strength, filler. Can be used as a heat insulator:

polyurethane foam;
expanded polystyrene;
polyisocyanurate;
mineral wool.

The panels are relatively lightweight and at the same time serve as a topcoat and insulation. Sandwich panels with basalt wool have the highest thermal insulation performance.

A decorative and protective polymer coating is applied to the thin sheet metal of which the panel body is made. This allows the panels to be painted in different colors and protects the metal from corrosion.

In order not to damage the protective layer, the instructions for installing roofing sandwich panels require certain rules to be followed:

do not use hot and abrasive cutting;
the protective film from the bottom of the slab should be removed immediately before the installation of the element, and from the top - after the installation of the entire coating;
metal shavings formed in the process of cutting the material should be immediately carefully removed and made sure that it does not scratch the polymer layer;
in the process of roofing work on the roof, walk only in shoes with soft soles.

Sandwich panels should be protected from precipitation, dirt and wind when stored outdoors. The material is laid on a flat, solid base to avoid deformation.

Conditions for installation work

Installation of roofing sandwich panels is carried out under certain conditions:

the wind speed should not exceed 9 m / s, since the panels have a relatively low weight with a large surface area;
work is not carried out during rain, snow or thick fog;
if artificial lighting is not provided, installation stops with the onset of dusk;
sealing of longitudinal joints between sandwich panels is carried out at an air temperature above +4 ° С.

Before starting roofing work, you should:

to believe the design, its compliance with the project and the quality of installation, to eliminate the identified differences and shortcomings;
check the compliance of girders, girders and other structural elements with the project;
check on the plane the purlins on which the panels will be attached;
prepare tools.

Installation technology

Sandwich panels are laid across the purlins parallel to the cornice. The smaller the step of installing the purlins, the higher the bearing capacity of the installed roofing will be. This is especially true for roofs with a slight slope in regions with high snow loads. But in any case, the distance between the runs should not exceed 2 meters.

If the slope of the sandwich panel roof exceeds 15 °, additional stops are installed on the overhangs so that the panels do not slide down.

It is most convenient to install the roof covering from slabs, the length of which does not exceed 10 meters.... Firstly, it is easier to lift them onto the roof, and secondly, in this case, the likelihood of temperature deformations during the operation of the roof is lower.

Sandwich panels are mounted on top of a heat-insulating and waterproofing layer. It is easiest to use mineral wool as a heat insulator. Before installing the panels, the horizontal installation of the purlins and the condition of the supports made of wood, metal or reinforced concrete are checked. It is necessary to remove rust, mold and other deposits. Cracks are repaired in the wood, caverns are leveled in concrete with mortar. The joints of the elements from which the frame is made must be airtight. Wooden structures are treated with a fire retardant compound, and metal structures are treated with an anti-corrosion one.

The spacing of the load-bearing elements of the frame must correspond to the dimensions of the panels.

The span of the frame must be selected so that the panels can be fastened five centimeters from the edge, and there is also a support for fastening the joining panels.

It is required to work in a respirator if the panel is insulated with mineral wool... When lifting the slabs to the roof, do not put them on the lock, so as not to deform it.

The technology of installation of roofing sandwich panels prescribes to start laying the material from the lower corner of the roof (any). Next, the plates are mounted in the vertical direction. It should be taken into account in which case it is easier to perform work and more economical material is consumed.

The popularity of roofing sandwich panels is due to the ease of installation. In order for the resulting structure to serve for a long time and reliably, it is necessary to carefully follow the recommendations for the transportation and laying of the material.

Determination of the minimum slope angle of the roof

There are the following SNiP recommendations: the roof slope of sandwich panels should not be less than 5 degrees. At the same time, only solid panels should be used for laying: such a surface does not contain joints, windows and other elements that violate its solidity. All other situations provide for a minimum slope of a sandwich panel roof of 7 degrees.

When choosing the optimal roof structure and the degree of its slope, the climate in the given region is taken into account. In areas with frequent and heavy rainfall for a sandwich panel roof, a slope of a pitched roof of at least 40 degrees is recommended. This will allow rainwater to flow down unhindered, without stagnation at the joints. If the region has a dry and hot climate, the minimum slope for sandwich panels may be reduced to 7-25 degrees. It should be remembered that the construction of steeper roofs will require a higher consumption of building material.

A flat sandwich panel roof will provoke moisture stagnation. At the same time, negative consequences for the tightness of the butt sections cannot be avoided. When the thaw is replaced by frost, this leads to the freezing of the accumulated water. Such processes damage the outer protective layer of the panel, and subsequently destroy the metal shell. If a load-bearing metal, reinforced concrete or wooden structure acts as a base under the roof, additional fasteners are not needed when arranging a slight slope of the roof from sandwich panels. If the minimum slope of the roofing sandwich panels exceeds the mark of 7 degrees, additional connecting fasteners are used.

Necessary equipment for installation

During the construction of a sandwich panel roof, there is a constant need to cut the material to size. It will also need to be fixed and waterproofed seams. To cut the panels, you can use an electric shear, a fine-toothed saw, or a stationary machine with a circular saw. It is better not to use a grinder or hot cutting devices, since due to the heating of the cut line, the panels begin to bend. This leads to a violation of the protective coating, due to which corrosion begins to appear.

When transporting sandwich panels, mechanical or vacuum grippers are usually used to avoid surface damage. In those areas where the grippers are installed on the panel, a special film is glued in advance. Long stainless self-tapping screws are used as fastening material for installing roofing sandwich panels. Washers and special gaskets are also required. When choosing the optimal length of self-tapping screws, they are guided by the thickness of the panel and the frame on which it is fixed. It is more convenient to tighten the screws with a screwdriver.

When calculating the required amount of fastening material, the following factors are taken into account:

Wind load on the building. This is influenced by its height, location and angle of inclination of the sandwich panel roof.
Features of the building (open or closed).
Where in the roofing structure is the element to be fastened. The outermost panels have the greatest wind load.
The bearing capacity of each fastener.

Accurate calculations should be performed by a qualified specialist, taking into account SNiP of the minimum roof slope from sandwich panels. The joints between the panels require special attention: there should be no gaps between them. On roofs with any roof angle made of sandwich panels, a special tape of the Abris Lb 10x2 type is used for sealing. You can also use a silicone sealant. All vertical abutments are equipped in the same way.

Characteristics of sandwich panels

There are several types of material on sale with different sizes, fillers and strength indicators. Depending on their characteristics, the purpose of each type is determined. The internal insulation layer usually consists of expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate or mineral wool.

The sandwich panels weigh quite a bit and can combine a topcoat and insulation. Products with basalt wool are considered the warmest. The casing is made of thin sheet metal and is covered with a decorative polymer protection - thanks to this, the plates are given the necessary color design and protection against corrosion.

In order not to damage the protective layer during the laying of the material, the following recommendations must be followed:

The use of hot and abrasive cutting is completely eliminated.
The protective film on the bottom of the panel must remain until it is installed. The top film is removed at the end of the work.
If metal chips appear when cutting the material, they must be brushed off immediately, otherwise they can subsequently scratch the polymer layer.
When carrying out installation work, it is allowed to use shoes with soft soles only.
If sandwich panels are stored outdoors during construction work, it is necessary to consider reliable protection against climatic influences for them. It is recommended to use a flat, dry area for laying the material.

Features of the installation

SNIP roofing from sandwich panels assumes compliance with the following conditions:

It is advisable to choose a windless day for installation, since the area of the panels is large and the weight is small. The presence of weak gusts of wind up to 9m / s is allowed.
Do not work in rainy, snowy or foggy weather.
In poor lighting conditions, the installation process should be stopped.
In order to carry out a high-quality longitudinal seal, the air temperature must be at least +4 degrees.

When you start laying roofing material, you need to do the following:

Carefully inspect the roof structure for compliance with its design documentation. If defects and installation defects are found, they must be eliminated.
Check that all purlins, ledgers and other structural elements are consistent with the project. To do this, you must definitely use the building level.
Prepare all fixtures and fittings.

Laying procedure

Installation of sandwich panels is carried out in the transverse direction to the purlins, which are located parallel to the cornice. To increase the bearing capacity of the roof, the step of installing the purlins can be reduced. This technique is usually used on roofs with a slight slope in areas with heavy snowfall. In any case, this parameter should not be more than 200 cm.

First, slabs up to 10 m long are laid, since it is much easier to lift them onto the roof. In addition, in this case, the risk of deformations due to temperature fluctuations during the operation of the coating is reduced by an order of magnitude. Before the installation of sandwich panels, insulation (mineral wool) and waterproofing are laid. You should also check the horizontality of the girders and the condition of the wooden, metal and reinforced concrete supports. Any detected rust, mold and other deposits must be removed.

If there are cracks in the wooden elements, they must be repaired. The same goes for caverns in concrete. All joints of frame elements are sealed. For the processing of wooden surfaces, fire-retardant protection is used, for metal surfaces - anti-corrosion agents. It is very important that the spacing of the load-bearing elements matches the dimensions of the slabs. When choosing the width of the spans, they try to ensure that the material is fastened at a distance of 50 mm from the edge. The joining panels must also be well supported.

If mineral wool is used as thermal insulation inside the sandwich panels, it is necessary to protect breathing with a respirator. When lifting the panels to the roof, do not put them on the lock in order to avoid its distortion. It is best to start laying sandwich panels on the roof from any of the lower corners, adhering to a strict vertical installation.

BELPANEL K4 roof sandwich panels are mounted with trimming of the inner lining (trimming is done on site).

In the case of a gable roof, the left and right cut allows for simultaneous installation on both slopes from the same side.

BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels can be fastened to roof purlins made of steel, wood or concrete with an embedded steel profile.

When designing the roof, take into account the minimum roof slope for BELPANEL K4 roofing sandwich panels - αmin = 10%, the maximum allowable distance between the supports.

The minimum width of the intermediate support for BELPANEL roof sandwich panels is 60 mm. On both sides of the BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, a special film is applied, which is used to protect the BELPANEL roof sandwich panels during transportation and installation.

On the inner side of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels, the film is removed immediately before installation, and on the front side of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels - immediately before the end of work. The foil is removed at the attachment points of the overhead elements and under the screws before installation.

For assembly cutting of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, use only electric shears and saws that allow cold cutting. The cutting place must not be overheated to avoid compromising the anti-corrosion protection of the sheet. After each cut, the surface of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels must be thoroughly cleaned of chips.

Before starting the installation of each of the BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels, check that the abutting trapezoids of the upper profiled sheet are completely cleaned.

It is recommended to use a vacuum or mechanical gripper to lift BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels, transfer and install them on the installation site.

At the place where the vacuum gripper is attached to the roofing sandwich panels, the protective film must be removed. Installation of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels is carried out from the bottommost panel. The following sandwich roof panels are installed according to the diagram.

The first of the BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels is mounted with an open corrugation towards the end of the building.

Fastening of roof sandwich panels BELPANEL

For fixing BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels, use special self-drilling screws made of carbon or stainless steel with washers and a synthetic rubber seal (EPDM: ethylene propylene diene monomer). The length of the screws depends on the thickness of the BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels used and the type of substructure!

Pay particular attention to the tightening force of the self-drilling screws. They should not be too tight or too loose.

Avoid overtightening the fasteners as this will reduce their lifespan and may damage the panel. The first sign of overtightening is the appearance of dents on the surface of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels.

Longitudinal connection of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels

The longitudinal joint between roofing sandwich panels must be additionally connected with screws, as shown in the figure. When connecting BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels of K-4 type, the distance between two adjacent screws should be no more than 0.5 m.

Determination of the required number of screws.

When determining the required number of screws, the following should be taken into account:

Wind load, depending on the location of the object and on its height;
Object type (open, closed, etc.);
In what conditional roof zone is the attached roofing sandwich panel located (panels in the outermost zones are most susceptible to wind gusts);
Bearing capacity of one fastener.

The required number of screws is determined by the designer in accordance with the norms for the given climatic region.

Sealing the longitudinal joint between panels.

During installation, pay attention to the connection of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels. A gap must not be allowed on the longitudinal joint between the sandwich panels!

Always seal the longitudinal joint, regardless of the slope of the roof (silicone sealant or tape Abris Lb 10 × 2).

When it is necessary to apply sealant to the longitudinal joint on the inner side of the roof, it must be applied by hand prior to the installation of each of the subsequent BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels.

To prevent air and steam circulation, the joints between the roof sandwich panels and the columns should be carefully sealed. A sealing tape is glued to the column surface adjacent to the roofing sandwich panels. The tape is glued to the inside of the fastener line to seal the fastener holes at the same time.

In the construction of residential and industrial buildings, sandwich panels are often used. It is an inexpensive and building material, from which walls and roofs are mainly erected.

Structure

A sandwich panel is a sheet consisting of the following layers:

external coating on both sides (galvanized steel, polyester, oriented strand board or drywall);
insulation (mineral wool, polyurethane foam, fiberglass or expanded polystyrene).

Advantages of sandwich panels

The widespread use of this building material for roofing is due to the following advantages:

thermal insulation at a high level;
low flammability;
low cost;
high level of sound insulation;
no need for complex construction equipment for laying;
reduced load on supporting structures due to low weight;
a wide range of shades, so there is no need for additional finishing;
high resistance to negative environmental influences (humidity, microorganisms, chemicals, temperature extremes).

Roofing

In order for a sandwich panel roof to be reliable and of high quality, the following rules must be taken into account:

The minimum possible slope of the roof is 50. This is the lowest elevation, exceeding is permissible here.
Only solid panels without joints, windows and other elements that violate their integrity are suitable for installation.

Since 50 is the minimum elevation, other criteria are needed to determine the appropriate angle for a given roof. An important one is the climate of the region in which the building is being erected. If the region is characterized by frequent and heavy rainfall, then it is necessary to provide such a slope that would maximize the removal of moisture from the roof. The optimal indicator here is 400. So the water will not stagnate at the joints, and in winter this is especially important, since snowdrifts and ice destroy the roof, widen the cracks and lead to the risk of collapse if snow masses have accumulated in large quantities.

If the climate is dry enough, then the slope is allowed from 70 to 250.

It should be remembered that the steeper the roof is erected, the greater the consumption of building materials will be needed. If the roof is rather flat (5-7 degrees), there is no need for additional fasteners to fix the sandwich panels to the supporting structure made of metal, reinforced concrete or wood. However, when this low level is exceeded, additional connecting fasteners are indispensable.

Calculation formulas

Slope is the angle of inclination of the roof surface relative to the horizon. The larger the angle, the greater the steepness of the roof. The slope is expressed either as a percentage or in degrees. For example, 40 equals 7%.

Necessary equipment

When constructing a roof from sandwich panels, it is necessary to constantly trim them using an electric shear, a stationary machine or a fine-toothed saw. A grinder or hot cutting devices are not recommended here, since when heated, the cut lines are deformed and bent, the protective coating is broken and corrosion appears.

To transport panels to the roof, vacuum or mechanical grippers are used, which do not damage the surface and do not violate the integrity of the panels. Before installing the grippers, a protective film is glued in the right places. Fix the panels with long stainless steel self-tapping screws for sandwich panels complete with gaskets and washers. The length of the fasteners should correspond to the thickness of the slabs and the frame.

To get ready for work, you need to first calculate how many fasteners you need. Their number is influenced by the following factors:

Wind load. This factor depends on the height of the building, its location and the angle of inclination of the roof.
Building type (indoor or outdoor).
Attachment area. The outer panels experience more wind load than the central panels.
Fastener characteristics (load-bearing capacity).

Based on all these factors, the required number of hardware is calculated, and it is important that the figure obtained corresponds to the proper SNiP.

Secrets of proper styling

When erecting a roof from sandwich panels, it is important to preserve their integrity, otherwise the result of the work will be unsatisfactory. The following guidelines will help you complete the entire process correctly:

When cutting boards, abrasive or hot cutting is not allowed, as this will damage the integrity of the protective layer.
The sandwich panels are covered with protective films on both sides. From the bottom, it must be removed immediately until the moment when the installation will be carried out, not earlier. The top film must be removed at the end of all work so as not to stain and deform the surface.
If chips appear in the process of cutting metal, they must be removed immediately so that they do not linger on the surface of the plate.
When performing installation work, workers who are on the roof must wear exclusively soft-soled shoes.
If the slabs are stored outdoors, awaiting construction, care must be taken to protect them from aggressive weather conditions. It is recommended to stack the material on a level and dry area.
The weather for installation must be dry, without precipitation and strong wind. The maximum permissible wind speed is 9 m / s. The minimum ambient temperature is + 40C.
Good lighting is essential for the installation process.

Preliminary inspection

Before laying the sandwich panel on the roof, you need to carefully inspect the roof structure so that it fully corresponds to the project, the correct laying of the slabs depends on this. If defects and errors are found, they must be eliminated before installing the sandwich panels.

Styling process

Sandwich panels are mounted transversely to the purlins parallel to the eaves. To improve the bearing capacity of the roof, you can reduce the step of installing the purlins. This is important when erecting a roof with a slight slope, if heavy snowfalls are typical for the region.

Before the construction of the slabs, a layer of waterproofing and insulation is laid (often mineral wool is used in this capacity). Girders and supports are checked. All deposits, including mold and rust, must be removed. The preliminary preparation of the supports depends on what material they are made of.

Wooden structures are cleaned of mold and mildew, and cracks on their surface are repaired. A protective layer is applied to prevent flammability and mildew.
Metal elements are coated with an anti-corrosion agent.

First, slabs are laid, the length of which does not reach 10 meters. Due to their low weight, they can be easily lifted onto the roof. It is forbidden to lock the panels, as this can lead to bending of the panels. Laying starts from the bottom corner of the roof and is carried out vertically: from bottom to top.

Conclusion

The slope of the roof is one of the factors that determines the installation process and further operation. To avoid corrosion, leaks and other troubles, it is important to correctly calculate what slope the roof should have.

This parameter is influenced by the climatic features of the region where the building is being erected.