Making homemade furniture. DIY wooden furniture: tips, diagrams, drawings

Rest on fresh air with family or friends is a real holiday for those who live in the city. equipping Vacation home or a cottage, it is necessary not only to think over the interior decoration, but also to make the garden plot itself comfortable and cozy, because it is so nice to organize a picnic for loved ones or just lie in a sun lounger with your favorite book. Garden furniture in this case is simply irreplaceable. It will make your stay pleasant and comfortable. You can make it with your own hands - it will not require much effort and save money.

Peculiarities

Country furniture carries the same functional load as the items in your apartment. It is only worth considering one important nuance: it must certainly be not only functional, but also practical, since it will be operated on the street. It is this feature that determines the choice of materials for construction - they should not be afraid of water, sun and cold. Let's try to figure out which existing materials best meet these requirements.

The upholstered furniture that stands in our apartments is undoubtedly more comfortable than hard wooden or metal structures. But to put such products in the open air is impractical. To comfortably sit on a summer bench or sofa, just prepare soft bases or pillows that can be easily removed into the house.

Wooden furniture

This classic version furniture for a summer residence, which you can do with your own hands. The tree is noble and practical option. It is suitable for the manufacture of almost any item. A table, chairs, benches and even garden sofas made of wood, with proper care, will serve you faithfully for many years.

Even a novice master will be able to make a simple bench, but the aces of their craft are able to turn regular table for a picnic into a real work of art.

metal objects

Metal is very practical and durable material. But when working with it, you will need a set of certain tools and skills. It is possible to connect metal parts to each other both by welding and with the help of bolts and screws. Another option is to give the desired shape by bending individual sections or structural elements.

Wicker furniture

Elegant and sophisticated wicker furniture can become a decoration of any site. The main difficulty is to learn how to beautifully interlace the rods and create from them desired forms. Even if you have never done it, you can start with the most simple elements. The experience gained will allow us to create more complex and ornate models in the future.

Drawings and diagrams

Having decided on the material from which your furniture will be made, you need to think in advance where it will be located and what kind of items you want to make. After all, despite the fact that these are not apartments, you should still determine the optimal size and style for you.

Shop

The most simple and traditional material here is a tree. There are several simple circuits country shops. You can make seats for them both from boards and from solid wood. Focusing on the above diagrams, you can easily build a comfortable and practical bench or bench required size. After completing the assembly, do not forget to treat the tree with a protective agent.

As for the colors and design, it all depends on your imagination. You can leave clear, concise lines or cut out graceful curves. The natural pattern of wood is an unchanging classic, so you can only cover it with varnish. But if your idea requires it, then you can easily give it any color.

Table

The simplest version of the table is considered to be a product on four supports (legs) and with a solid table top. By the way, it can be made both from boards and from an array. A whole cut looks very unusual large tree, and the log itself can be sawn both along and across the trunk.

Often, whole stumps can also be seen as a small table. The more impressive its size, the more intricate pattern the “tabletop” itself will have. It is also important to choose the place where the table will be installed. Make sure the surface is even. Otherwise, the tabletop will tilt or the table will wobble.

Basis for country table it can also be made of metal - the product will turn out to be truly strong and durable. In addition, metal goes very well with wood and weaving. But a countertop made of glass and other fragile materials is completely unsuitable in this case. Firstly, even small drops of rain will immediately be visible on it, and, secondly, it can break even from a slight mechanical impact.

Deckchair

It cannot be said that a deck chair is the most necessary piece of furniture in the country. But remember a vacation somewhere by the sea and that pleasant feeling when you relaxed, lay down on it and basked in the sun. To create such an atmosphere in your country house is a dream that can easily be made a reality.

by the most convenient option there will be a chaise longue with an adjustable back. With this design, you can find the perfect angle to read a book or just watch the children frolic nearby.

For the manufacture you will need boards, bars and slats. After you assemble the frame, you can start laying the rails. Remember to leave small gaps between them. The height of the sun lounger can be any - it all depends on your preferences. If in doubt, it is better to stick to the standard size of 35 cm.

garden sofa

The main difference between a garden sofa will be that it will not be upholstered with soft foam rubber and fabric. If you are used to gathering at the dacha with a large company, then such a stationary object in the recreation area will be indispensable. It can be both simple and angular, and even U-shaped.

Models made from a large diameter tree trunk look pretty brutal. In this case, you will only need to install the log in the right place and cut out 1/4 of its part so that you get a seat. You can complement such a masterpiece with armrests with dimensions that emphasize the massiveness and reliability of the design. But repainting in bright colors, covering the texture of wood, such a sofa is not recommended, since it is in its natural form that it will look most impressive.

In addition to the chopped garden sofa model, you can also make it from ordinary bars and boards. V Lately The real trend was the manufacture of furniture from pallets. In fact, you already have "semi-finished products" that you only need to connect and give them an aesthetic appearance by staining.

Rocking chair

It is quite possible to assemble a rocking chair yourself. But if you have never held a planer and a jigsaw in your hands, then we advise you to start with more simple models furniture: an accurate calculation of each detail will be required here. In addition, due attention will need to be paid to the connecting elements: they are subject to increased requirements due to the increased load that the chair will have to face during operation.

Design can be absolutely anything. Most often it can be a classic option. wooden chair, in which it is so cozy to sit on a warm evening, wrapping your feet in a warm blanket and drinking hot coffee. For lovers of minimalist, hi-tech and loft styles, options with a metal base and a slatted seat are suitable.

Such a homemade rocking chair will become a real favorite among both the adult generation, who appreciates silence, and the little fidgets, who will be happy to use it for its intended purpose.

How to collect?

To make the assembly process as easy as possible garden furniture We recommend stocking up in advance essential tool. Professional jigsaws and planers in stores are quite expensive, so if you plan to assemble one bench and calm down on this, then it is not advisable to purchase them for personal use - ask your neighbors in the country or friends.

Beginners who are planning to master the manufacture of garden furniture should take into account that it is not always possible to do everything perfectly the first time. It is better to stock up on material for the future so that it is possible to replace the damaged part immediately, and not run to the hardware store.

The process of making furniture will be much easier if you find in advance necessary instruction or drawing. When you already gain experience, you can easily improvise and create your own unique projects. But at the initial stages, it is better to stick to proven schemes.

It is much easier to start making furniture for the garden than to come up with and make an interior item for your own apartment. This is due to the fact that it does not have special aesthetic requirements. Well, who will reproach you for the fact that the shop turned out to be a little uneven ?! And by the way, it's a great experience. And if you already have a chic garden sofa or table, then think about making furniture for the kitchen or bath with your own hands.

When choosing materials, you should not immediately run to the hardware store. Take a look at what you have available. Perhaps you or your friend have had bars and boards for several years that are a pity to throw away. Stumps and snags that interfere on the site can also become a unique item or part of it. Do you remember if hunting trophies fell on your mezzanines? Horns, skins and other paraphernalia will fit very harmoniously into the interior of your recreation area.
Pallets (pallets) can be bought for little money at construction sites, in stores or online. Save a significant amount of cutting and assembly time with these versatile designs.

The kitchen set is considered one of the simple species hand-made furniture for inexperienced craftsmen.

The furnishings for the lounge and hall, as a rule, need professional approach, the use of extraordinary materials.

Today we’ll talk about how to assemble furniture with our own hands.

The use of chipboard as the main building material

Today, a natural array in its pure form is almost impossible to meet in an environment. After all, sets made of natural wood are considered expensive and rather elite pieces of furniture. Therefore, the array is replaced with an affordable material such as chipboard.

In most cases, the thickness of these plates reaches 16 mm. Also available in thicker sheets. The sawing of the material is carried out on machines.

You can also work at home using electric jigsaw, however, unevenness and chips cannot be avoided. After all, it is almost impossible to saw off chipboard at home with a jigsaw.

edges

One of the weak points of this material is considered to be saw cut, since it is through it that moisture passes inside the easiest way. In this regard, due to poor-quality protection, swelling of the ends is not excluded. Therefore, it is preferable to cover the ends with edges, as in the photo of the furniture, which is made by hand below.

There are several types of edges on the market today:

Melamine. This is the most affordable edge of excellent quality in the price category. Its gluing is possible independently using a conventional iron.
PVC is an excellent edging choice. Its gluing is available exclusively on the machine.
ABS edging, similar to PVC edging, but made from natural material.

facades

The front part and doors of the furnishings, including garden furniture with their own hands, are made of the best quality material.

The facade is considered separate part furniture and, as a rule, is made to order.

When the facades are unusual shapes, they can be produced over an extended period of time.

Facade types

Since the main function of the facade part is decorative, it is accordingly offered in a wide variety. The facade differs in material, as well as externally.

MDF laminated is a pressed and fairly moisture resistant material. Usually the surface is processed under a natural array.

However, for even the most durable film, after a certain period of time, the edges crack and also move away. The main advantage of this material is the affordable cost and speed of production.

In addition to blind-type facades, there are variants of a figured look for a stained-glass window. The glass part is fixed on a special overlay.

Wood facades will appeal to adherents of natural materials, but their cost is quite high. In addition, environmental friendliness is also controversial.

Note!

Painted front part under enamel. It has a significant minus - chips and deformations often appear on the surface.

It was once exploited because of its attractive catchy shade, but with the advent of shiny plastic, everything has changed radically.

Glass fronts made of aluminum are suitable for kitchen spaces in stylistic performance high tech. They look fashionable, but are quite problematic in production, as well as installation. For fastening, unusual fittings are used.

boxes

There are many methods for producing cabinets for headsets, as well as DIY pallet furniture. One of the simplest is the assembly around the perimeter using chipboard.

If it is necessary to create an original facade, it must be screwed onto the frame main part from the inside.

In addition, the facade is often mounted on eccentrics in the form of one of the walls of the box. In this case, the main task is not to assemble the necessary box, but to secure it correctly.

Note!

doors

There are built-in wardrobes and freestanding ones. Internal filling is at the discretion of the owner, it is possible to carry out the restoration of furniture with your own hands.

The main element of each cabinet is a sliding door leaf. It is not recommended to save on this part, it is important to purchase good quality fittings.

Basically, the cabinet is equipped with several doors, consisting of a frame into which decoration elements are inserted. Door leaves can be assembled from several materials, separated by an aluminum profile.

The movement of the canvases is carried out along special guides, which are installed with your own hands, just like cardboard furniture is created with your own hands.

Conclusion

If you approach the issue of creating and installing pieces of furniture with all responsibility, then the situation will turn out not only to be of high quality, but also affordable, to differ in exclusivity and peculiarity.

DIY furniture photo

Note!

Unusual wooden bed for a rustic bedroom

At first glance, making a piece of furniture yourself is very simple. Only when a person begins to do this, it turns out that it is not so simple. It is necessary to find a working material that is suitable in texture and color, process it correctly, manufacture and correctly assemble all the elements.

Unusual interior design wooden house forester

By assembling furniture with his own hands, a person wants to give his home more individuality and unusualness. But there are other benefits as well.

Wood furniture for a country-style kitchen

Environmental friendliness. wooden elements ideally fit into a children's room or bedroom, in all rooms where materials should be as safe as possible, natural, free of harmful substances. Inside the array can only be resins and essential oils. But they affect the human body more positively than negatively.
Sustainability. Any wooden furniture serves at least 45-50 years. It is resistant to mechanical stress.
Ease of repair. Despite the complexity of manufacturing, repairing furniture elements is quite simple, requiring a minimum amount of effort, skill and tools.
Ergonomics.
The maximum degree of comfort. When creating wooden furniture with your own hands, you can immediately take into account all the features of the physique of the future owner.
"Flight of fantasy". Any, even the most daring design idea, will look great on a wooden background. Hand finishing will give the furniture even more chic.
Price. Furniture made from solid wood in industrial production is quite expensive. If you make it yourself, then the price decreases significantly.

A beautiful decoration of your interior - a solid beech armchair

In addition to all the above advantages of furniture elements, one more thing should be noted - accessibility. It is not necessary to buy them in luxurious, designer salons. It is enough to study the basic principles of its production and get down to business, working with your own hands, you can create a completely unique piece of furniture.

Large Garden swing from wood for giving with their own hands

The main styles that have wooden furniture in their arsenal

Wooden kitchen furniture for a dining room or a cozy cafe

Many talented designers work with solid wood furniture. It is a mistake to assume that it can only decorate rooms decorated in classical style. There are areas in which you can successfully fit wooden furniture:

Country. Its distinguishing features are angularity, roughness in lines, and the absence of artificial surface treatments. Wood is an ideal working material for furniture that decorates a country-style room. These can be cottages, private houses, inside which you can easily create an atmosphere of primitiveness.

Spacious and bright rustic living room in country style

Eco style. For admirers of this trend, it is not fashion trends that are important, but naturalness and naturalness. They are close to the country style, the only difference is the shades, in the first version bright and dark tones can be used, in the second, light, natural ones are preferred. Eco-style rooms suggest the presence of a large number of modern appliances, while wooden furniture will make the interior softer and more sophisticated.

Wooden table with carved legs for interior decoration in eco-style

Provence. This direction is well known in the world of women's interior design. His distinctive features: a large number of flowers, silver, cute dishes. This is a "warm, cozy" style. You don’t want to leave such a kitchen and living room, so a wicker chair or a wooden table will fit perfectly into it. But the main thing here is not to overdo it, massive elements will attract too much attention and be perceived separately from all other thematic elements.

Interior in a romantic Provence style with wooden furniture

In other styles, you can also see wooden furniture, but in smaller quantities. For example, in the directions of minimalism and modernity, additional wooden accessories are very relevant: lamps, watches, figurines, vases.

Wooden interior design in the style of minimalism

General principles for creating wooden furniture

Beautiful and functional kitchen wooden

Before you start working with your own hands, you need to develop a project, on the Internet you can find a photo of the desired element.

Ready processed wooden facades for kitchen furniture

The next step is the selection of wood. It must be 100% tested and of high quality. This is what determines the lifespan of the item. It must be remembered that the working material is divided into soft and hard. The faster a tree grows, the softer its wood is considered.

Do-it-yourself wooden outdoor furniture

Oak is considered the most valuable and expensive. It is valued because of the ability to successfully dye in any color.

A set of furniture for a dining room in a house or cottage, made of wood with your own hands

Mahogany is considered just as valuable. Its advantages are high strength, moisture resistance. It is from this wood that the most chic and luxurious wooden furniture is obtained.

Do-it-yourself mahogany outdoor furniture for the site

Pine, spruce, cedar, maple, cherry, walnut are considered less expensive and affordable for the middle class of the population.

Great solid and durable dinner table wooden

After choosing wood, you need to purchase shields. It is better if they are monolithic.

Main stages of work

Development of a drawing of a future product.

We develop a drawing garden chair wooden cottage

Preparing a tree for sawing, drawing markings on it, sawing.

Marking and preparation for cutting

The process of drilling holes in the manufacture of furniture with your own hands

Product coloring.

The process of painting a finished wood product

Assembly of elements.

Assembling handmade wooden furniture

Necessary tool for work

Screwdriver.
Jigsaw.
Plane.
Furniture stapler.
Hammer.
Screwdriver.
Furniture knife.
Paint, varnish, brush.
Necessary accessories.

Furniture making tool

In addition to all of the above, you will need hardware, additional Consumables. If the master is experienced, he can use more complex working tools.

Finishing the finished product

Processing of the finished product by the method of chemical aging of furniture

When the manufacture and assembly of a furniture product is completed, it is necessary to give it a finished look. The element can be simply painted, applied to it decorative ornaments with your own hands.

Basic processing options

Toning.
Painting.
Lacquering.
Resin removal.

To make high-quality tinting of furniture means to give it the most natural and beautiful shade. They can be very diverse, but naturalness will always be viewed first.

Varnishing a furniture element is the creation of a glossy sheen. Additionally, this layer protects it, increases wear resistance.

Do-it-yourself wood finishing with varnish

In the process of processing furniture elements, it is necessary to remove resin residues from all working surfaces. This is done with alcohol, gasoline, acetone.

The simplest and most popular finishing method wooden furniture do-it-yourself coating is a standard varnish. It does not require large expenditures and complex finishing tools. Undoubted advantage- preservation of the original appearance and texture of the working material.

If the tree belongs to hardwoods, then it can be covered with colored paint. With this method, inexpensive wood can be painted to look like an expensive variety.

Painting methods

Solid.
Toning.
Applying a layer of coloring element under the varnish.

It is necessary to apply paint very carefully and carefully, observing certain stages of work.

Cleaning of all irregularities, knots.
Resin removal.
Removal of cracks and chips.
Primer.
Coloring.

After the paint dries, it can be applied decorative pattern. This can be done with a brush, airbrush.

In most cases, there should be several layers of paint and varnish. After each of them dries, it is necessary to grind, sandpaper is used for this.

Particular attention should be paid to carved elements, they are more difficult to process.

Wooden furniture is "able" to fit into any interior, the main thing is to do it correctly. Personalities with good developed sense style and imagination can create a whole small world in their home, not like others, unique, with its own atmosphere and mood.

An excellent option for using wooden furniture in the interior of the kitchen-dining room

Video: how to make a wooden dining table with your own hands in a garage workshop

Today in furniture stores you can see a large assortment of sofas, armchairs, tables, chairs. All of them differ in materials of manufacture, color scheme, style, design. You can transform the interior not only with the help of products bought in the store. It is possible to make them yourself. DIY furniture interesting ideas will be discussed further.

Handmade interior items have the following advantages:

Budget - finished goods will cost much less than furniture purchased in the store. The cost of its manufacture is equal to the cost of materials and the time spent. In some cases, you will need the tools necessary to create furniture;
Durability, reliability - in case self-manufacturing armchairs, tables, sofas, its owner will know exactly what the product consists of, how reliable it is. When using high-quality elements, interior items will turn out to be strong and last a long time;
Originality - homemade models are distinguished by their unusualness, they are made in one copy. There is an opportunity to translate into reality numerous ideas. Thus, you can decorate the room with exclusive products that will become the highlight of the room and attract the attention of guests.

Non-standard materials

For the manufacture of furniture with their own hands, they use interesting ideas that allow you to create tables, armchairs, chairs of a unique design. Materials for these purposes can be varied. Most often, improvised means are used to translate ideas, which are inexpensive. Thus, it will be possible to make an exclusive model and decently save.

Unusual materials for the manufacture of interior items:

Wooden pallets;
SIP panels;
Various pipes;
Car tires;
Paper, newspapers, books;
Branches, tree trunks.

This is just a small list of what is used to make furniture. The main thing in this business is the desire and the boundless imagination of the master.

Pallets are used to make original interior items that will become wonderful decoration garden plot. In addition, benches, tables, sofas are easy to make. An excellent option for relaxing and sunbathing is a deck chair made of pallets. To make the deck chair even more original and comfortable, you can put a soft mattress or a few bright pillows on top.

In addition, unusual interior items from pallets will perfectly fit into the design of a loft-style room. It is characterized by rudeness, raw materials, so a sofa, armchairs or a table made of pallets will be an excellent option for the living room. In addition, this material is very convenient, since the height and width of the product can be adjusted by the number of elements. In the bedroom, you can install a bed, the frame of which will be made of this material.

SIP panels in the interior

SIP panels are used in the construction of houses. They are two sheets, between which there is foam. From SIP panels you can make interesting furniture for a house or apartment. Products are light and at the same time very durable. They do not harm human health. Even in the event of a fire, they do not emit toxins. Furniture from SIP panels is not afraid of ultraviolet rays, mold and mildew.

From plastic pipes

From plastic pipes you can make a lot of interesting things. Such products will have a number of advantages, including:

Moisture resistant;
Reliability;
Strength;
Safety;
Low cost;
Relative ease.

Plastic pipes are used to make chairs and deck chairs for summer cottages. Various lockers, tables, chairs are perfect for an apartment or a private house. A stylish coffee table made of plastic pipes will be an excellent option; you can put magazines and newspapers on it.

Wicker furniture

Wicker furniture - stylish, original decoration country house. A set of several armchairs and a table is ideal for outdoor terrace. Wicker furniture looks amazing, you can make a real work of art on your own. Interior items made using weaving technique:

armchairs;
Rocking chair;
Sofa;
Chair;
Cabinet.

In addition, there are various stands for flowers and shelves. Wicker furniture is environmentally friendly, light, beautiful, not afraid of high humidity and does not require special care.

Over time, armchairs, sofas, tables and other interior items become unusable, lose the beauty of their original appearance. You can bring them back to life with the help of alteration:

Old wooden chairs, tables are repainted, and they become like new;
The upholstery of armchairs and sofas is changed to a new one;
Old cabinets, chests of drawers, cabinets are pasted over with wallpaper or self-adhesive film. You can also decorate them acrylic paint and other compositions;
Don't rush to throw away old furniture, it can be perfect for giving. You can put flower pots in the chest of drawers. The cabinet will be a great place to store garden tools.

Alteration of old interior items will not take so much time. In addition, it will save money, since buying new furniture will cost much more. Another positive aspect of the alteration is the ability to create a unique design of armchairs, sofas, tables and other products to your liking.

Photo

The kitchen and wardrobe are almost the easiest types of furniture for beginners to assemble (not counting only bedside tables and shelves). In general, furniture for the living room and bedroom usually requires a more serious approach, the use of non-standard materials, glass. This article will help beginners understand how to make furniture on their own.

Wood in its pure form is almost never used in cabinet furniture; the array is considered an expensive elite material.

Now the tree is being replaced with a cheaper material - laminated chipboard (abbreviated chipboard). Most often, these plates have a thickness of 16 mm, on sale you can also find laminated chipboard with a thickness of 10 and 22 mm. 10 mm sheets are usually used to fill the doors of wardrobes, and 22 mm - for bookcases and shelves where high bending strength is required. Also, sometimes with the help of elements from chipboard 22 mm they decorate the structure.

Almost all furniture parts are made of 16 mm chipboard (except for doors and facades).

Laminated chipboard

Saw chipboard produced on special machines along the guides. Of course, you can saw it off at home with a jigsaw, but then there will be chips and wavy bumps on the edges. It is almost impossible to saw off a chipboard exactly with a jigsaw at home.

edges

The most vulnerable spot of chipboard is its cut. It is easiest for moisture to penetrate through it, therefore, with poor protection, the ends may soon swell. Therefore, the ends are closed with the help of edges, there are several types of them.

- Melamine edge - the cheapest, but poor quality. You can stick it at home with an iron.

- PVC edge 0.4 and 2 mm – best option. It can be glued only on a special machine, so they make it immediately when ordering a cut. To save money, 0.4 mm is glued to invisible ends, and 2 mm to external ones, which will experience constant loads and friction.

PVC edge 2 mm

- ABS edging - similar to PVC, only made of environmentally friendly material.
- Mortise T-profile - inserted into a groove previously made by a cutter. Rarely used.

- Overhead U-profile - can be easily glued at home on liquid nails. The main disadvantage is that the edges will protrude by several millimeters, so dirt gets clogged under it. On the other hand, this drawback allows you to hide a poor-quality cut.

facades

Kitchen facades and furniture doors are usually made of more elegant material. But if you are making a drawer door inside a wardrobe that no one will see, you can also use regular 16 mm chipboard with PVC edging 2 mm. But cabinets in the kitchen should look more presentable.

Facade is separate furniture element. It is usually made to order. If the dimensions of the facades are non-standard, their production may take several months.

By standard sizes you can easily navigate: usually the facades are made 2 mm smaller than the cabinet itself on each side. Therefore, for a standard 600 mm cabinet, a 596 mm front is used.

The height of the kitchen cabinet also depends on the facade and ranges from 715 to 725 mm for floor cabinets (without legs) and low wall cabinets, and 915-925 mm for high wall cabinets.

Types of facades

Since the facades perform mainly a decorative function, the choice is huge, they differ in appearance and material.

- Facades made of laminated MDF. This is a pressed material, more moisture resistant and dense, compared to chipboard. Most often, the surface is laminated "under the tree." But no matter how strong the film is, over time at the edges it can move away and crack. The main advantage of this material is its low price and fast production.

Facades from MDF

- In addition to standard blank facades, there are also options with figured cutouts for stained glass. Glass is attached to the lining on the reverse side.
- Softforming - such facades are similar to ordinary MDF, but have a characteristic two-color layout with a relief on both sides. They can only be used in dry rooms, bedrooms or living rooms.

- Postforming - even better and more durable products. Thin plastic is wrapped around the edges by 90° or 180°, which eliminates unnecessary seams at the corners. Chipboard or MDF boards are used as the basis. Usually, postforming is done in a strict form, without unnecessary pretentious decorative elements.

- Plastic facades are of high quality, but expensive. They consist of a base (chipboard / MDF), lined on both sides with thick plastic. They always have a strict design and a flat surface, glossy or matte. The edges of the slab are sometimes protected with ABS edging or aluminum profiles. Recently, super-gloss acrylic plastic has become especially popular.

Plastic facades in aluminum profile

- Facades made of wood and veneer - suitable for lovers natural materials but they are expensive. In addition, there are long disputes about environmental friendliness: it is believed that there are so many varnishes and impregnations here that only one name remains from the tree.

- Enamel painted facades. They have a significant drawback - the surface is vulnerable to scratches and deformations, has a low chemical resistance. Used to be popular for rich color, but with the advent of glossy acrylic plastic, everything has changed.

Aluminum facades with glass - suitable for a high-tech kitchen. They look modern, but are difficult to manufacture and install. For their fastening, non-standard fittings are used.

Back walls and drawer bottoms

The back wall and bottom of the drawers are most often made of HDPE. The smooth side of the sheet should look inside the cabinet / drawer. The thickness of the sheets is 3-5 mm, the color is selected according to the chipboard.

Some prefer to mount HDPE on furniture stapler, but you can't do that. Over time, the staples loosen and the structure can warp. It’s not worth talking about the bottom of the boxes - the stapler is clearly not suitable for fastening.

Furniture HDPE

Sometimes it is inserted into the groove prepared by the cutter, but all dimensions must match to the millimeter.

Most often, HDPE is attached to nails or self-tapping screws. It is better to use self-tapping screws with a press washer, but before screwing them in, you need to drill a hole, otherwise the product may crack.

V rare cases, for example, to create a "stiffening rib" in a tall cabinet or in boxes with high loads, fiberboard is replaced with chipboard. These materials can also be combined.

Countertops

Table top - horizontal working surface, on which you can cook, eat, read, write, etc.

Most office and desks, as well as for cheap dining rooms, the countertop is made of the same chipboard as the main parts. The thickness is 16 or 22 mm, it is obligatory to frame the PVC with a 2 mm edge.

For the kitchen, special countertops are used. They are a sheet of chipboard with a thickness of 28-38 mm, which is covered with durable plastic on top using postforming technology. Moisture resistant countertops green color on the cut, and ordinary chipboard is gray. A proper kitchen worktop should have a drip tray that will prevent dripping liquid from entering the fronts and drawers.

The weak point of such countertops is the saw cut edge. Usually they are covered with a simple melamine edge, so they become unusable in the first year of operation. To avoid this, it is recommended to protect the edges with special aluminum profiles ( end plate), and to protect against moisture, pre-lubricate the saw cut with silicone sealant.

There are also other types of profile: corner and connecting strip, which are needed to join several cabinets with different countertops.

Corner, connecting and end strip for worktop

Another element is decorative corner, which closes the gap between the wall and the countertop.

Sometimes used to finish an apron wall panel. Unlike tiles or mosaics, they are more practical due to the absence of seams and inexpensive compared to glass aprons.

The fastening of the tabletop to the cabinets is done from below with short self-tapping screws to the horizontal struts so as not to spoil the smooth front surface.

Countertops made of natural or artificial stone are of higher quality and more durable than others. A natural stone heavy and requires special care due to high porosity. And artificial stone does not have such shortcomings, it can be given any size and shape. The main disadvantage of stone countertops is the high price; for a small kitchen, they cost from 40 thousand rubles. and more.

An alternative option is a tile or porcelain stoneware countertop. You can make it yourself, but the tiles cannot be mounted on ordinary plywood or chipboard. Previously, the base must be sheathed with cement-fiber sheets.

Location of parts

A detail is any element of cabinet furniture: covers, countertops, walls, facades, shelves. Each item can be either nested or invoiced. Right choice the type of location is very important.

Consider examples of two kitchen cabinets: one of them will stand on legs, and the second will be suspended.

Floor cabinet:

As you can see in the photo, the operating voltage in the floor cabinet is directed downwards from the cover and in the first version is naturally transmitted through the parts to the legs of the cabinet.

In the second, incorrect version, the load is transmitted through the confirm (furniture screw), and because of this, it will be pulled out of the part for a break.

Wall cabinet:

In the second example, the opposite is true: the load will go to the bottom shelf, and the attachment point will be on top.

If we apply here the same fastening scheme as in the floor cabinet (option 1), all 4 bolts will be constantly under load to pull out of the wood. Therefore, it is better if the confirmers experience a fracture load (see the “correct” diagram).

Furniture fasteners

Furniture fasteners are hardware ( hardware), which are used to connect parts. Most often, the connections are made at right angles.

- Wooden dowels - inserted in advance drilled holes in both details. They are used for pre-fixing and strengthening the load "on the cut", then the parts are fixed in a more reliable way.

- Furniture corners are a popular but outdated type of furniture fastening. Among the cons: appearance, loosening over time and bulkiness.

furniture corner

The main disadvantage of this type of fastening is that the caps screwed flush remain in sight. To hide them, use plastic plugs in the color of chipboard.

furniture fittings

- Handles - everything is clear here. Usually fastened with screws.
- Legs - convenient in rooms where wet cleaning of the floor is often done, for example, in the kitchen. From daily contact with water, any wood, and especially chipboard, will quickly deteriorate. In addition, due to the legs, furniture can be leveled on uneven surfaces.
- A silicone damper is a cheap but very useful part that can reduce the noise of impacts from cabinet doors. Sticks on the top and bottom of the door or cabinet end to soften the impact.

- Furniture hinges. Round cutouts for them (additives) in the facades can be made in any furniture workshop, if the manufacturer has not made them in advance. The hinges differ in the degree of opening of the doors. Standard hinges have an opening angle of 180° and a closed angle of 90°.
  The hinges have a special mechanism that allows you to adjust the doors in height and landing depth. For glass doors separate hinges are sold, glass can be clamped into them without drilling a hole.

Furniture hinges

From inexpensive manufacturers of accessories, we can recommend the Chinese Boyard, from serious world manufacturers - the Austrian Blum.

Drawers and guides

There are many ways to make furniture boxes. The easiest of them is to assemble the perimeter from chipboard. If a beautiful facade is required, it is screwed on top of the main frame from the inside (like the countertop). Also, the facade can be mounted on eccentrics as the fourth wall of the box.

But the main thing is not to assemble the drawer, but to fix it correctly.

Guides for boxes are divided into roller or ball.

- Roller guides are usually attached to the bottom of the box. He will ride on them on two rollers. A pair of such guides costs about 150 rubles, but it is highly not recommended to use them. The main disadvantage is that they do not allow the drawer to be pulled out completely, a heavy drawer in the more than half open position can simply fall.
- Ball guides, or as they are also called, “full extension telescopic guides” are capable of exactly doubling the length. They have many balls inside, like in bearings, so they provide a smooth ride.

Roller and ball guides for drawers

In addition, Blum has metaboxes and tandemboxes. These are ready-made side walls of boxes with installed guides. It remains only to install the facade, back wall and bottom.

Doors for wardrobes

The sliding wardrobe can be separate (with side and back wall), or built into a niche or corner (with one side wall). The internal filling can be anything: ordinary shelves and mezzanines, drawers and baskets, clothes rails, special hangers for trousers, ties, etc.

The main element of the wardrobe - sliding doors. You can’t save on them, you need to buy high-quality fittings, otherwise then you will be tormented with falling and jamming doors. In almost any city you can find domestic sliding systems Aristo is not a problem.

The sliding wardrobe usually has 2-3 doors. They consist of a profiled frame, inside which decorative elements are inserted: mirrors and glass, laminated chipboard, rattan, bamboo, artificial leather sheets (on the basis). Each door can be assembled from a combination of several of these materials, which are separated aluminum profile. In width, it is not recommended to make doors more than 1 m.

Standard profiles are designed for a web thickness of 10 mm. But how to insert a 4 mm thick mirror into it? To do this, a silicone sealant is put on the edge of the mirror. So that in the event of a blow, broken glass does not hurt anyone, you need to order a mirror with a film glued to the wrong side.

The movement of the doors goes along the guides, they are installed from above and below. The lower doors provide forward and backward movement, and the upper ones fix the door relative to the depth of the cabinet.

The bottom rollers are usually made of plastic, have a shock-absorbing spring and a height adjustment screw. The top rollers have a rubberized surface.
With the proper approach, home-made furniture turns out to be cheaper and better than those exhibited in stores. But besides this, it will be exclusive, precisely suited to the needs of the owners and the features of the room.