temperature must be. Temperature standards in the workplace

The requirements for air temperature and humidity, office space illumination, and sometimes even furniture are strictly regulated. So, if the average daily temperature outside the window is above 10 ° C, the office should have general rule 23-25°С, and if below this limit - 22-24°С. It is also determined how the working day is reduced if the room is colder than the permissible one, or vice versa, it is very hot. For example, if the air temperature in the office is 19 ° C, then you can stay in it for no more than seven hours, and if 18 ° C - no more than six hours, etc. (SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 "", approved. Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2016 No. 81).

Separate rules exist for those who use computers in their work. The area of the workplace of such employees cannot be less than 4.5 sq. m (if a flat monitor is installed) or less than 6 sq. m (if the workplace is equipped with an old-type monitor, with a kinescope). And after each hour of work, the room should be ventilated (Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 ""; approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on May 30, 2003).

Some situations are not directly regulated by sanitary standards, but in practice they occur regularly. These include, for example, the failure of the toilets in the building. In this case, according to Rostrud, the employee has the right to refuse work, and the employer must provide him with another job that does not threaten health until the problem is eliminated. If this is not possible, a downtime is declared, and the employee can count on downtime for wages in the amount of at least 2/3 of his average salary ().

Find out what other sanitary norms and rules apply to office workers, as well as the employer's responsibility for non-compliance with them, in our infographic.

Comfortable air temperature in the room depends on the sensations of a particular person. In addition, it is directly related to its subjective assessment and susceptibility to environmental conditions.

There is no such thing as a comfortable temperature in any normative documentation. It is not in the technical vocabulary either. There is only the so-called value of the optimal air temperature, which was determined with the help of numerous physiological experiments.

Concept differences

The air temperature in the room should be at a level that provides maximum comfortable conditions for the people there. But what should this value be? It is extremely difficult to answer this question, because each person is individual. And if one of us is comfortable even in the heat, then others do not close the windows even on frosty days.

However, scientists came to the conclusion that certain preferences are a criterion only for the concept of comfortable temperature regime. But there are also standards determined as a result of research. The values obtained take into account many factors, among which are the needs of the average human body. Such values indicate the optimum temperature and may be different depending on certain conditions.

It is very important to take into account the normative indicators in the room. Indeed, according to scientists, any overheating or hypothermia will certainly affect his general state of health. That is why the values of the optimal air temperature in the room are not recommended. They are enshrined in official legislative acts - SanPiNs, which reflect the requirements of sanitary standards.

What affects the air temperature in the room?

Of course, first of all it external factors, which depend on the time of year and the climatic zone in which the house is located. But, in addition, the air temperature in the room is directly related to the characteristics of each of the rooms. Let's consider these factors in more detail.

Subtleties of the climate

The temperature regime in the room differs depending on a particular area. They are different in the northern and southern, as well as in the western and eastern regions. The temperature norm in an apartment or in a production room depends on such factors as air humidity, its temperature and Atmosphere pressure measured outside the walls of the building.

There are differences in the microclimate in the houses and depending on the change of season. So, in winter the air temperature in the premises is lower than in summer. For example, for the climate of the European continent during the cold periods of the year, the average optimum temperature air in the room is at around 22 degrees. In the hot season, its values increase by three degrees.

Human factor

The temperature conditions in the apartment should provide maximum comfort for the people living in it. However, as mentioned above, such sensations are strictly individual. People of different sex and age perceive the same temperature differently.

For example, women are more thermophilic than men. But newborn children do not have the ability for natural thermoregulation at all and can quickly overheat or freeze.

Temperature in the rooms

Microclimate various premises varies depending on their purposes. Consider the temperature regimes in the rooms of a residential building or apartment:

Sleeping and rest areas. Here, the optimum air temperature should be at around 18 degrees. It is in such conditions that a person gets rid of poor health and insomnia.
Bathroom. In this room, the air temperature should not be below 25 degrees. This is due to the humid microclimate of the room and its purpose. At low temperatures here immediately there is a feeling of dampness and discomfort.
Kitchen. This room uses a lot household appliances that radiate heat. This is an electric kettle and a microwave oven, an oven and hob. In this regard, the high temperature in the kitchen will be inappropriate.
Comfort in living rooms and other rooms will be provided by temperature conditions ranging from 19 to 21 degrees.

However, there is one thing to keep in mind important rule. According to him, the temperature regime in the apartment should not have large differences. Ideally, when moving from one room to another, the discrepancies in the readings of the thermometer should not be more than 2 degrees.

Human well-being

Despite personal preferences, the temperature in the apartment must still be respected. This issue becomes especially relevant cold winter and hot summer. It is during this period that significant differences can be observed between the air temperature in the house and on the street. If the temperature conditions are not respected, then such a microclimate will lead either to overheating, or to And this, in turn, is fraught with the appearance of cardiological problems.

Effects of overheating on health

If too hot atmosphere is created in the room, then this provokes the spread of bacteria harmful to the body. Therefore, it is not surprising that people in such a room develop infectious diseases. In addition, in conditions of heat, the body loses moisture.

This leads to thickening of the blood, which forces the heart to work harder. This condition is dangerous for those who suffer from cardiac problems. In addition, the loss of moisture in the body leads to water-electrolyte imbalance.

Effect of hypothermia

A similar state is possible if the temperature regimes are not observed in the apartment and the thermometer falls below 17 degrees. What happens to the human body in this case? It enhances heat transfer, which causes hypothermia. This condition causes pathology nervous system and the appearance of acute respiratory diseases. Low temperatures are especially dangerous for young children. That is why compliance with the temperature regime is important if there are kids in the house.

Sometimes it happens that a person constantly freezes even in those microclimatic conditions that must be created in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. This is worth thinking about seriously. Perhaps the discomfort is caused by a simple habit of high temperature. In this case, you need to be patient and adjust to the normal feeling of lower numbers. But even here there are nuances. A constant feeling of cold is sometimes the result of problems with blood vessels, the heart, or hormonal levels. And this makes it necessary to consult a specialist.

kindergarten

Microclimate in children's rooms preschool institutions should be created in strict accordance with the norms of the law. The temperature regime in kindergartens should not depend on the wishes of the administration or the parents of the kids. Moreover, all the indications in SanPiN are developed on the basis of numerous scientific research and are designed to ensure minimal morbidity in children.

So, according to this document, the optimal temperature of the game room should be in the range from 21 to 24 degrees. And the upper values this indicator should be supported for nursery groups or for those areas that are in a cold climate zone. For children's bedrooms, the optimum temperature is somewhat lower. It is in the range of 18-21 degrees.

Requirements for school premises

The optimal temperature in this educational institution is necessary to maintain the health of children. Moreover, the indicators of the microclimate in the school are directly dependent on the purpose of the premises. So, the thermometer can be at around 18 to 24 degrees in the library and foyer, dining room and assembly hall, in classrooms, as well as in small spaces where he spends with children individual lesson psychologist or speech therapist.

It should be a little colder in the workshops. In these rooms, where children are engaged in physical labor, the thermometer should be at around 17-20 degrees. The same rule exists for the gym. If the school has showers, then they should warm up to 22-25 degrees. But in medical offices and sports locker rooms, the thermometer can be at lower levels. Their required value according to the norms is in the range from 20 to 22 degrees.

The temperature regime at the school is allowed to be reduced during the holidays. During this period when children do not attend educational institution, the air here can be warmed up to 15 degrees.

Work space requirements

production shops or office rooms is the key to maintaining the health of employees. In addition, the optimal temperature regime in the room where this or that work is performed is clearly regulated by law. But it should be borne in mind that the standards provide for different indicators. What do they depend on? There are only three of them, and the differences between them lie in the intensity of the work performed.

First category

The optimum operating temperature in such rooms is in the range of 21-28 degrees. These are facilities where employees perform their official duties in a sitting position and have slight physical exercise. Such premises include watch and clothing production, as well as workshops of automobile and instrument-making enterprises. The intensity of energy consumption of workers producing such products does not exceed 139 watts. In this category, a separate subgroup is distinguished. It includes production, where employees give in the performance of work large quantity energy consumption (up to 174 W). Optimal modes temperatures for such industries are limits starting at 20 degrees.

Second category

The industries allocated to this group require large energy inputs from their employees (up to 232 W). In this case, it is assumed that the employee is in a sitting position, but at the same time moves various loads, weighing up to 1 kg. The optimal temperature regime for such industries will be values from 18 to 27 degrees. If an employee in such work moves loads up to 10 kg, then his energy consumption will be 290 watts. In this case, the lower limit of the standard values of the temperature regime can be reduced to 16 degrees.

Similar conditions are created in the premises of rolling, thermal, mechanized and forging industries, as well as in the workplaces of personnel servicing conveyors, assembly shops and lines.

Third category

In some industries, the energy consumption of an employee exceeds 290 watts. In such cases we are talking about the third category of premises, which are most demanding on the microclimate created in them. This is due to the fact that the personnel involved in the production process have to exert great physical effort, walk and move weights weighing more than 10 kg. The most favorable temperature regime for this category of premises will be from 15 to 26 degrees. As a rule, these are workshops or workshops where manual operations are performed for metal processing, preparation building structures etc.

Implementation of sanitary and hygienic standards

In order to meet the requirements for establishing a beneficial microclimate, it is necessary to keep a log of the temperature regime. It should contain the readings of special instruments used in offices and industries. The frequency of such measurements depends on the continuity of work processes and the characteristics of sanitary and hygienic provision. As a rule, such events are held three times during the working shift.

If the required temperature regime is not observed, a number of measures will be required to eliminate the causes that led to this. These may include work on thermal insulation of the room, as well as heating and ventilation in it. If it is impossible to carry out such activities, a rest room should be organized in a separate room, the microclimate of which will be comfortable for the staff.

Greetings, dear friends! I don’t know about you, but in Novosibirsk we have a relatively cold period coming for November. It seems sunny, dry, but due to humidity and a northeast breeze, it is quite cold.

I think that work at low temperatures can be tried to reduce. How to do this, you will learn from this note.

The main thing here is to understand at what temperatures it becomes possible to shorten the working day.

Taking into account the requirements of the Labor Code, the hygiene standards contained in the sanitary rules and regulations (“R 2.2.2006-05. Guidelines for the hygienic assessment of factors working environment and labor process. Criteria and classification of working conditions” and “SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. 2.2.4. Physical factors of the production environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary regulations and norms”, which establish, among other things, optimal and permissible temperature indicators for workplaces), the head of the company may decide to reduce the working day or to stop working at extremely low or high temperatures.

But this may be required by the employees themselves. According to Article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee has the right to a workplace that corresponds to state regulatory requirements labor protection and conditions stipulated by the collective agreement. According to the law “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, working conditions, the workplace and the labor process should not harmful effect per person. And what if not cold in the workplace can lead to hypothermia and human illness?

Thus, the employer is obliged to control the microclimate at the enterprise, including the temperature in the workplace. Temperature measurement at workplaces is carried out using a thermometer or psychrometer at least 3 times per working day (shift).

After measurements, it is necessary to draw up a protocol in which to substantiate and evaluate the measurements performed for compliance with the regulatory requirements of the Sanitary Rules. Only after carrying out all the necessary measurements, the employer can decide to reduce the working day of employees on the basis of the norms of the Sanitary Rules and keep the employees full wages taking into account the fact that the ambient temperature does not correspond to the permissible values.

If the work is related to the implementation labor activity outdoors, then Article 109 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for special breaks for heating at low temperatures. These breaks are included in the total work time.

And in judicial practice there were precedents when employees defended their right to a warm workplace.

In Ruling of the St. Petersburg City Court dated October 25, 2010 No. 14529, a state-owned enterprise was issued an order to eliminate violations, including non-compliance with the temperature regime in the premises of the enterprise and at workplaces.

And in the Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volga-Vyatka District dated 11.12.2008 No. A82-653 / 2008-9, the court indicated that the employer did not provide safe working conditions for his employee, which led to an accident at work during the winterization of windows by the employee due to the unsatisfactory maintenance of the building , expressed in the non-insulation of window sashes for work in the autumn-winter period, as a result of which the air temperature at the workplace was below normal.

For reference:

At what temperatures in the office is a shortened working day possible?

Working conditions are regulated by sanitary rules and norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises".

According to the document, those who work indoors are conditionally divided into five categories:

sedentary work. This includes managers, office workers, workers in the clothing and watch industries. For them, the most comfortable room temperature is + 22 ° С - + 24 ° С.
if you spend the whole day on your feet. For example, these are controllers, sales consultants. They should work at +21°С - +23°С.
work involves some physical stress. For example, tour guides, employees of cleaning shops at machine-building enterprises. The optimum temperature for them is + 19 ° С - + 21 ° С.
work associated with walking and carrying loads up to ten kilograms. Basically, these are factory workers - locksmiths, welders. For them, the temperature in the room should be + 17 ° С - +19 ° С.
involves heavy physical labor, for example, in foundries and blacksmith shops. The same category includes loaders who carry furniture and equipment heavier than ten kilograms. For them, the temperature is somewhat lower - + 16°C - + 18°C.

If the temperature at the workplace drops by 1 degree below normal, the working time is reduced by 1 hour.

Thus, at a temperature of +19°C, the working day of an office worker will be 7 hours, +18°C - 6 hours, and so on. At a temperature of + 12 ° C and below, work stops and, in accordance with Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, working hours in this case are paid by the employer in the amount of at least two-thirds of the tariff rate.

However, I want to note that SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 do not have the status of regulatory legal acts, and therefore, the requirements established by these acts cannot be considered mandatory, and are only advisory in nature.

If the workplace is located in unheated premises or work is carried out in the open air, one can be guided by “MP 2.2.7.2129-06. Work and rest regimes for workers in cold weather in an open area or in unheated premises, as well as regulatory documents of the regional and / or municipal level.

1. Article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation - the employee has the right to a workplace that meets the state regulatory requirements for labor protection and the conditions provided for by the collective agreement.

2. At the same time, Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges the employer, among other things, to ensure that labor conditions comply with labor protection requirements at each workplace; organization of control over the state of working conditions at workplaces, as well as over the correct use of personal and collective protective equipment by employees.

3. Based on Article 219 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, each employee has the right, including the right to a workplace that meets the requirements of labor protection.

4. At the federal level, requirements for working conditions are regulated federal law dated March 30, 1999 No. 52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population” (hereinafter - Law No. 52-FZ).

4.1. In particular, paragraph 1 of Art. 25 says that working conditions, the workplace and the labor process should not have a harmful effect on a person. Requirements for ensuring safe working conditions for humans are established by sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts. Russian Federation.

4.2. According to paragraph 2 of Art. 25 of Law No. 52-FZ individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to carry out sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures to ensure safe working conditions for humans and to comply with the requirements of sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation for production processes and technological equipment, organization of workplaces, collective and personal means protection of workers, the regime of work, rest and household services employees in order to prevent injuries, occupational diseases, infectious diseases and diseases (poisoning) associated with working conditions.

5. In accordance with clause 4.2 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. “2.2.4. Physical factors of the production environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary Rules and Norms” indicators of the microclimate should ensure the preservation of the heat balance of a person with environment and maintaining the optimal or acceptable thermal state of the body.

5.1. Based on clause 4.3 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, indicators characterizing the microclimate in industrial premises are, among other things, air temperature, air speed.

6. “MR 2.2.7.2129-06. Work and rest regimes for workers in cold weather in an open area or in unheated premises, as well as on regulations regional and/or municipal level.

That's all for me. Until new notes!

A well-maintained workplace is the key to high employee productivity. Of course, comfort is a broad concept, often depending on the direction of a person's work. Sanitary norms and rules for manufacturing enterprises and office space vary. However, both the first and the second are established by SanPiN 2.24.54896 under the name "Hygienic standards for the microclimate at work."

Since the beginning of 2017, new Sanitary and hygienic requirements for industrial premises have come into force. They were approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor by his Decree No. 81 on June 21 last year. The updated SanPiN standards put forward requirements for:

microclimate;
Noise and vibration levels;
Exposure to electro-, magnetic and electromagnetic fields.

These norms are borderline possible indicators of factors. Compliance with the requirements for production facilities can protect employees who are at the workplace eight hours a day (forty hours a week) from the development of pathologies or occupational diseases associated with the specifics of the performance of labor duties.

Introduction of new hygiene requirements to the microclimate of industrial premises, the effect of previously approved standards is cancelled. For example, SanPiN 2.2.41191-03 regarding the effects of electromagnetic fields.

Most important questions, regulated by SanPiNs, is the temperature and microclimate at the workplace of office employees.

Temperature in the office

Maintaining a normal temperature is an important condition for the normal functioning of the company. The temperature in the office affects not only the health indicators of employees, but also their productivity, as well as the normal functioning of the entire enterprise.

Temperature standards are regulated by SanPin 2.2.4 548 96. The fifth and sixth sections of the Rules are devoted to optimization and boundary temperature indicators depending on the season (warm or cold).

Office workers whose work can be classified as intellectual, characterized by a low level of physical activity, as well as a sitting position, Labor Code and SanPin puts it in category Ia. For this category of employees, a temperature of twenty-three to twenty-five degrees (in summer) and twenty-two to twenty-four degrees (in winter) should be provided.

If the temperature in the room does not meet the specified standards, employees have the right to demand that the employer reduce the duration of work shifts.

If the temperature exceeds plus twenty-nine, the work time is reduced to three to six hours (in accordance with the functions performed). If the temperature in the office exceeds thirty-two degrees, it is forbidden to work for more than one hour.

There are indicators for the cold season. At temperatures below nineteen degrees, the duration of the shift is reduced by an hour. At temperatures below thirteen degrees Celsius, the working day cannot exceed one hour.

The work of an organization whose management constantly violates the temperature regime of the premises can be temporarily stopped for a period of up to three months.

Requirements for the microclimate in the office

Sanitary rules provide for requirements not only for temperature conditions, but also for air quality in the office. Therefore, the ventilation equipment of the organization is one of the significant criteria for the comfort of workplaces.

Office service involves a long stay of workers in the building. Each employee has their own preferences and needs for improving performance. Some prefer coolness, others are afraid of drafts and air conditioners.

To create a comfortable office microclimate, a set of measures is needed to comply with the following standards:

temperature regime;
The level of air humidity;
Ventilation of air flows;
Air circulation speed;
The presence of foreign particles (dust) in the air.

These standards are provided by SanPin, as well as GOST 30494 96 regarding the parameters of the microclimate of residential and non-residential premises. Comfortable office environment warm time year provides:

The temperature regime is within twenty-two to twenty-five degrees;
Air humidity thirty to sixty percent;
The speed of the air flow is not higher than 0.25 meters per second.

For the cold season, the indicators change:

Temperature indicators range from twenty to twenty-two degrees;
Air humidity - from thirty to forty-five percent;
Air movement 0.1 - 0.15 meters per second.

Permissible discrepancies in temperature indicators are one to two degrees.

The level of moisture is a necessary component of the comfortable work of office workers. What should be the humidity directly depends on the indicators of the temperature regime of the room. high humidity at normal temperature does not have a negative effect on the human body. And dry warm air can cause diseases of the mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract.

light level

Office space lighting is an important component that employers should not forget about. Low level light leads to rapid eye fatigue, and also reduces the overall performance of a person.

SanPin sets the lighting standards for an average office that houses computers at 500 lux. Permissible room lighting values range from two hundred to three hundred lux.

What to do if there is not enough light? It will be necessary to install an additional light source at each workplace. When choosing light bulbs, preference should be given to energy-saving with a "cold" white light. Such lamps do not heat up, which is important for the summer period.

Noise level

Background noise affects the productivity of office workers. The upper limit of the norm of such noise should not exceed fifty-five dB. Noise is produced by old computers, lamps, conversations on the street.

New office equipment can cope with the problem of extraneous noise, metal-plastic windows, partitions with sound insulation.

Responsibility of the employer

Providing comfortable conditions in the workplace is the responsibility of the employer, and not a gesture of his good will. Only by creating proper working conditions, the employer has the right to require employees to work according to the schedule. This rule is enshrined in Article 163 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. In case of violation of the norms stipulated by the sanitary rules, the tenant shall take immediate measures to eliminate them.

An employee has the right to apply to the State Labor Inspectorate for the protection of their rights.

The Sanitary and Epidemiological Service can check the enterprise upon the complaint of any worker. If violations are detected, a fine (from ten to twenty thousand rubles) is imposed.

The amount in payment receipts increases quarterly, especially during the crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality utilities leaves much to be desired. difficult times come for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, the management companies responsible for the provision of hot water in apartment buildings, often work in bad faith and strive to evade responsibility.

Temperature norms

Of course, a lot depends on the preferences of the residents - some like it cooler and are content with a low temperature of 18 ° C, others prefer instead of thick sweaters and socks cozy warmth and 24-25 ° C. But you need to know what temperature should be in our apartment according to legislative acts, since not only the state of health and well-being of the family, but also the budget depends on this.

The temperature norm in the apartment is contained in “ GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. Are common specifications “. Here are the values needed to calculate the maximum power of the heating devices. flights of stairs in residential buildings should have a temperature of 14-20 ° C. This is a space that residents use for a short time, no more than an hour and are dressed in outerwear.

In inter-apartment corridors, as well as in lobbies, the temperature is 16-22 ° C. In hallways, living rooms and kitchens with gas or electric stoves the temperature is 18-25°C. These rooms are for permanent residence(i.e. more than 4 hours). The highest temperature of 24°C is valid for calculations in the bathroom. The standard is also regulated Sanitary regulations and SanPiN.

Medical temperature standards in a residential area

A little about what the optimal temperature should be in the house according to medical recommendations. Standards in living quarters are 22° C. This temperature provides high thermal comfort with an air humidity of 30%. If room temperature higher, it can cause irritation of the respiratory tract, the appearance of mucus, increased susceptibility to bacteria and viruses in the nose and throat. The only exception is the bathroom, where water vapor rises, and even more high temperatures do not threaten health.

When the child is at home, the temperature in the apartment should be raised by at least 1 degree, and in the bathroom or other room where he bathes, up to 28 degrees. Adult bedrooms can be slightly cooler than the living room, around 20°C. deep dream and therefore the best rest.

Heat rate control

In order to keep the above recommendations and to minimize heating costs, it is necessary to properly control the heat rates, taking care of the thermal insulation of the house. It is necessary to seal the windows and door frames. In the room, do not cover the radiators, paint them with a thick layer of paint, and do not hang over them thick window curtains(heaters are usually installed under windows). Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators.

It is recommended to adjust the temperature curve of the heating system in individual rooms using manual or electronic thermostats. When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be set to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and program thermal power for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and the habits of local residents.

Modern thermostats will also regulate heat output according to outside conditions - warming or cooling outside, sunlight, etc. You don't have to turn the heat off completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example by setting the economy mode to 15 ° C. Lowering the temperature even by 1° C increases the heat savings by 5-7.5%.

Factors affecting temperature

The temperature readings in the apartment are influenced by many factors, primarily external ones. They fluctuate due to the following conditions:

turning off heating;
climatic features of the place;
change of seasons;
individual features of individual apartments.

The heating temperature schedule also depends on the place where the property owners live. For example, in northern latitude it will differ from southern climate. The influence of factors such as atmospheric pressure and outdoor humidity also affect the normal value of the heating system in any month.

When the seasons change, the microclimate in living rooms also varies. For example, in the winter months, the temperature will be lowered, and in the hot season it will increase. When in the spring they stop supplying heat to the radiators following the shutdown schedule, the temperature in the apartment also drops. For mid-latitudes, the optimal value in winter is about 22 degrees, and in summer - 25 degrees. Although at first glance the difference of three degrees is insignificant, but it affects the well-being of all those living in an apartment building or a private house.

Climate control in the room

When heating is turned off, the temperature in the apartment must be controlled for the comfort of all citizens living in it. There are people who are comfortable and well during the hot months, they do not need to install climate equipment. Also, some in the winter cold constantly ventilate the rooms. But all the requirements of average residents are reflected in the current standards for any heat supply company for which a central shutdown schedule is set heating appliances. After all, hypothermia, like overheating, adversely affects human health.

Among other things, the norms depend on gender. Women require higher temperatures than men. Extremely carefully you need to observe the temperature regime in the apartment where the children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, therefore they are prone to rapid overheating and freezing compared to adults. As a result, the thermal norm for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees.

In accordance with current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain indicators of at least and no more than 22 degrees, and any deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being.

To maintain a normal temperature, certain conditions must be observed. Previously, the temperature was regulated using batteries, and in order to warm the room more, they used additional sources heat - various electric heaters, convectors, etc. To cool the room, they opened transoms and windows, thus solving the problem.

Today, scientific progress has made it possible to choose any climatic equipment that will provide comfortable conditions in apartments. For example, modern air conditioners not only cool the air flows coming from the street, but are also equipped with a heating function. They also have dehumidification functions when the room is too humid, and air purification from harmful compounds.

Operating sanitary standards do not set the temperature of the radiators. It is only important that the temperature in the housing correspond to certain indicators, which is influenced by differences in the climatic conditions of the corresponding region. Indicators in the winter months should not be lower than 20 degrees. If this value is less, then the services heat supply organization are of poor quality.

In doing so, property owners need to:

seek to eliminate poor performance in the provision of public services;
demand from the management company when the heating is turned off unscheduled;
carefully seal all cracks in windows and doors;
buy optional equipment for space heating;
install autonomous heating devices.

How to increase or decrease the temperature

By GOST the lowest indicator in the apartment should correspond to 15 degrees. With this value, although life is rather difficult and uncomfortable, management companies believe that all standards are met. Because of this, the population independently regulates the temperature regime, and when colds come or massive heating cuts, they install double-glazed windows or seal windows. At worst, they turn on electric heaters or convectors.

And what to do when the constant temperature in the housing reaches 28 degrees, which happens when the batteries are too hot. The highest figure in the standard is 24 degrees, to which an error of 4 degrees is added. When thermostats are installed on the radiator, there are no questions, you just need to adjust it to the required number.

When there are no such devices on the battery, it is not very convenient to open the windows all the time because of the drafts in the room. If the apartment has Small child, then such actions are not a way out, it is completely contraindicated for older people. To correct the situation, you can:

close the valve in front of the radiator;
install an air exchanger.

By closing the ball valve in front of the battery, you will reduce the amount hot water which is being served. The recuperator will allow the air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the housing already warmed up.

Optimum temperature during the heating season

Kaya is clear from the above, the comfortable value in the apartment is set SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are defined within the limits of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of housing. kitchen, living rooms and the bathroom have different standards. The errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators. Unfortunately, according to the current legislation, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, you cannot make claims against the management companies. Also at a temperature of 30 degrees, when in winter the batteries heat up as much as possible. Here, as they say, if you want to live, know how to turn around and contact the relevant authorities.

Responsibility of public utilities in case of violations of the norms

According to the law, tenants and homeowners have the right to apply for recalculation to management companies, which are required to reduce by 0.15 percent for each hour of violation of the standards. If you calculate, then for 28 days of improper provision of the service, the payment is reduced to 90 percent. Naturally, utilities themselves will not perform such a recalculation, so you will have to apply to the courts.

There are many cases where residents apartment buildings sued money from public utilities for not fully rendered or poor-quality services. For example, three years ago, a Perm woman managed to recover 136 thousand rubles from the management company for violating their obligations to provide heat to the apartment. Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact.

Conclusion

The management company at the place of residence is obliged to provide temperature according to current standards and regulations. As a result, in case of identified cases of non-compliance with the quality heating services you need to report to this organization and, if required, draw up an act.

If it concerns a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or modern efficient devices.