Technical characteristics and GOST for a snow shovel. DIY shovel handle

Failure to comply with the standard is punishable by law

This standard applies to shovels intended for the production of construction, gardening and handling.

1. CLASSIFICATION, TYPES AND MAIN DIMENSIONS

1.1. Shovels are subdivided into:

construction;

gardening;

Table 1

	Name	Appointment	Drawing number
BUILDING SHOVELS
	Pointed digging shovel	For digging soil
	Digging shovel rectangular
	Collecting shovel	For picking up and moving soil and bulk materials
	Faceted pick-up shovel
	Mortar shovel	For feeding and leveling mortar
GARDEN SHOVELS
	Garden shovel digging	For working on medium to soft soils
	Garden shovel
	Universal garden shovel
LOADING SHOVELS
	Sand shovel	For picking, unloading, loading sand, gravel, asphalt and other bulk materials
	Grain shovel	For picking, unloading grain and light bulk materials
	Coal shovel	For loading coal in a longwall and extracting a spear from the notch

	Metallurgical shovel	For loading and unloading operations in metallurgical production
	Metallurgical shovel
	Pedigree shovel	For loading rock, ore, crushed stone
	Mining shovel
	Snow shovel	For snow removal

1.3. According to the design of the blade, the shovels are made:

solid stamped;

Weight - no more than 0.98 kg

Digging shovel, rectangular, paintwork

Weight - no more than 1.2 kg

Faceted pick-up shovel, LPG

Weight - no more than 1.6 kg

Mortar shovel, LR

Weight - no more than 1.3 kg

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Garden shovel digging, LOP

Weight - no more than 1.2 kg

Garden shovel digging, LOV

Weight - no more than 1.5 kg

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Sand shovel, LSP

Weight - no more than 0.98 kg

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Grain shovel, LSZ

Weight - no more than 0.75 kg

Coal shovel, LU

Weight - no more than 1.64 kg

Metallurgical shovel, LM

Dimensions, mm

Weight - no more than 1.4 kg

Rock shovel, decision maker

Weight - no more than 1.29 kg

Mining shovel, LGR

Weight - no more than 1.17 kg

Snow shovel, LSU

Weight - no more than 1.4 kg

1.5. Shovel cuttings are made of 5 types (Fig. 17):

1 - with a forked handle;

2 - with a T-shaped handle;

3 - with a ball head;

4 - with a hemispherical head;

5 - with a ball head with a metal rod.

1.6. The main dimensions of the cuttings and their use for the types of shovels must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 17.

Unspecified maximum deviations for shovel cuttings ± IT17 in accordance with GOST 6449.1-82.

Sizes of the planting part of cuttings, mm

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Notes:

1. It is allowed to make cuttings for garden shovels with a diameter of 35 mm.

2. For shovels of types LOV and LOU, it is allowed to make cuttings without a conical part.

3. It is allowed to make conical seats for garden shovels with 2 tilt angles.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Example symbol shovels of type LKO, with a handle of type 4, length 1300 mm:

LKO-4-1300 GOST 19596-87

The same, type LOU, version 1, 210 mm wide, with a handle of type 1:

LOU-1-210-1 GOST 19596-87

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Shovels should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to working drawings and standard samples approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Shovel parts must be made of the following materials:

cloth and tulle - rolled sheet steel of grades 30HGS in accordance with GOST 4543-71, 45, 50 in accordance with GOST 1050-74, BST5, BST6 in accordance with GOST 380-88 or other grades in terms of physical and mechanical indicators not lower than those indicated;

fork and sleeve - rolled sheet steel of grades 10, 15, 20 in accordance with GOST 1050-174 or BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

rod - steel BST0, BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

handle and handle - 1st grade hardwood sawn timber: birch, ash, maple in accordance with GOST 2695-83.

Notes:

1. It is allowed to make plastic handles and forks in accordance with GOST 16338-85.

2. It is allowed to make cuttings, except for cuttings of type 5, from other materials in accordance with the requirement of clause 2.23.

3. Thin-sheet products made of steel grades BST5, BST6, 10, 15, 20, 45 and 50 must comply with the requirements of GOST 16523-70, 30HGS according to TU 14-1-4118-86.

4. The permissible deviations in the thickness of the rolled sheet must comply with the requirements of GOST 19903-74 and GOST 19904-74.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.3. Shovel blades no less than 90% of the length from cutting edge must be thermally treated to a hardness of 37 ... 53 HRC e for shovels of the LKO, LKP, LOP, LOV, LOU types and 35 ... 51 HRC e - for other types of shovels.

Shovels, except for the types ЛКО, ЛКП, ЛОП, ЛОВ and ЛОУ, are allowed to be manufactured without heat treatment.

2.4. The surfaces of the metal parts of the shovels must be free of cracks, captivity, delamination and burrs. Shells and dents with a depth exceeding the value of the rolled thickness tolerance are not allowed.

2.5. Deviations of the surface of the blades from the nominal ± 6 mm, garden shovels ± 3 mm, for shovel blades made without heat treatment ± 4 mm.

2.6. The blades of the LKO, LGR, LPG, LP, LKP, LOV, LOP and LOU types should have a cutting edge. The angle of the cutting edge should be no more than 20 °, the thickness of the cutting edge should be no more than 0.5 mm.

2.7. On the cutting edges of the shovel blades there should be no blockages, chipping and chipped places.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. The shovel blades must withstand the force of the bending moment in accordance with the standards specified in table. 2, while the welded or riveted joint must not fail.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

table 2

Note. Shovels with a blade width of 150 mm must withstand a bending moment when testing a blade of 160 N? M. The tuleyka in the place of transition to the blade of shovels with a shank diameter of 35 mm must withstand a bending moment force of 300 N? M.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. The shovels should have a taper from 1:30 to 1:20. By agreement with the consumer, shovels of the LOV and LOU types may be manufactured with a cylindrical sleeve.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.10. For shovel blades of the LKO and LKP types, heat-treated to 90% of the blade length before the attack, a stiffening rib with a height of at least 8 mm and a length of at least 100 mm must be made in the attack zone.

2.11. The symmetry tolerance of the tulle with respect to the canvas is 3 mm.

2.12. The conical part of the crowns of solid-stamped shovel blades must be welded or riveted.

2.13. Lack of penetration and burn-through of the welded seam are not allowed.

2.14. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to make shovels without cuttings.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. The cuttings should be fixed in the tunics and forks with rivets in accordance with GOST 10299-80 or screws with a diameter of at least 4 mm in accordance with GOST 1144-80. Garden shovel shanks can be secured with steel tension rings and screws.

2.16. The connection of the cuttings with the tulles and handles must be tight, no backlash is allowed.

2.17. The handles of the forked grips must not rotate at the attachment points.

2.18. The shank of a shovel of the LR type must have a steel rod with a diameter of 6 mm, a length of at least 320 mm, installed in the longitudinal groove of the shank. The lower end of the rod should be pointed, bent at an angle of 90 ° and driven into the handle to a depth of 8-10 mm. The upper end of the rod must be attached to the handle with a screw in accordance with GOST 1145-80.

2.19. Metal parts of shovels should be coated with nitro paints of the NTs type, enamels of bright colors in terms of quality indicators not lower than Pf-115 enamel in accordance with GOST 6465-76 or, in agreement with the consumer, with BT-577 varnish in accordance with GOST 5631-79.

For construction and handling shovels, other anti-corrosion coatings are allowed upon agreement with the consumer.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.20. On a surface wooden parts there should be no cracks, flakes, wormholes, chips or other defects.

The presence of no more than three healthy blind knots or plugs with a diameter of up to 10 mm, located 1/3 of the length from the upper part of the handle, and no more than two - with a diameter of St. 8 mm - on the rest of the cutting.

The plugs must be made of wood of the same species as the cuttings and installed with moisture resistant glue. The diameter of the plugs should not exceed the diameter of the corresponding knots by more than 20%.

It is allowed to make cuttings glued along with moisture-resistant glue.

2.21. The tangential slope of the wood grain of the cuttings should not be more than 20 mm per 1 m of the cutting length.

2.22. The moisture content of the wood should not be more than 14%.

2.23. Cuttings with a diameter of 40 mm must withstand a bending moment of 440 N? M, and cuttings with a diameter of 35 mm - 300 N? M.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.24. The parameter of the roughness of the surfaces of cuttings and handles, except for the seats, Rm max? 63 microns in accordance with GOST 7016-82 for wood and Ra? 0.8 microns in accordance with GOST 2789-73 for plastics.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.25. Wooden parts of shovels should be coated with lacquer NTs-221 or NTs-222 in accordance with GOST 4976-83, or PF-115 enamel but GOST 6465-76, or NTs-132 P enamel in accordance with GOST 6631-74, or other brands of enamels and varnishes in accordance with quality indicators not lower than those indicated.

It is allowed to cover wooden parts of shovels (with the exception of gardening shovels) with linseed oil in accordance with GOST 7931-76.

2.26. Paints and varnishes of shovel parts must correspond to class V in accordance with GOST 9.032-74. Operating conditions paints and varnishes- according to group I GOST 9.104-79.

2.27. Each shovel must be clearly marked with the following markings:

manufacturer's trademark;

price (when making shovels for retail sale).

2.28. Shovels should be packed in paper in accordance with GOST 8273-75 in bundles in an amount of no more than 5 pcs.

Blades of shovels of the same type and size without cuttings 5-10 pcs. should be linked steel wire in accordance with GOST 3282-74, or steel tape in accordance with GOST 3560-73, or fastened with a heat-shrinkable film in accordance with GOST 25951-83.

Shovel cuttings without blades must be packed in bundles, while fasteners must be packed in separate bags and attached to the bundle of cuttings. Bundle weight should not exceed 15 kg gross.

It is allowed to pack shovels, canvases and cuttings in shrink film without wrapping in paper.

By agreement with the consumer, other packaging is allowed, ensuring the safety of shovels from mechanical damage and corrosion during transportation and storage.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.29. Bundles of cuttings must be packed in wooden lathing according to GOST 12082-82, types II-3 and II-4 or boxes according to GOST 2991-85, type II-2.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.30. When transporting shovels in transport packages, their formation should be carried out on pallets in accordance with GOST 9078-84.

Transport packages must be fastened with steel packing tape in accordance with GOST 3560-73 or steel wire in accordance with GOST 3282-74.

The dimensions of the transport package are 800 x 1200 x 900 mm.

Package weight - no more than 1000 kg.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.31. When sending products in universal containers in accordance with GOST 20435-75 and GOST 22225-76, packing of bundles in a transport package should not be carried out.

2.32. Packaging of products shipped to the Far North and remote areas - in accordance with GOST 15846-79.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance tests and periodic tests should be carried out to verify the compliance of the shovels with the requirements of this standard.

3.2. Shovels are submitted for acceptance in batches. A batch is considered to be shovels made in one shift and presented for acceptance according to one document.

3.3. Acceptance tests should be carried out in the following scope: for compliance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.4; 2.7; 2.12 - 2.19; 2.25 and 2.26 - 100% of products, for compliance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.3 (before painting); 2.5; 2.6 (before painting); 2.9 - 2.11 (2.9 - before assembly with the handle); 2.20; 2.21; 2.24; 2.26 - 0.1% shovels and 0.5% cuttings from the accepted lot, but not less than 5 pcs. The results of the spot check are applied to the entire lot.

3.4. Periodic tests should be carried out at least once a quarter in the scope of acceptance tests with additional control of the requirements of paragraphs. 2.1; 2.2; 2.8; 2.22 and 2.24. For periodic tests select 1% of the shovels from the batch, but not less than 10 pieces.

3.5. If you receive unsatisfactory test results for at least one of the indicators, you should re-check twice the number of shovels taken from the same batch.

results re-check are final.

4. CONTROL METHODS

4.1. Appearance shovels and strength of joints (clauses 2.4; 2.7; 2.12 - 2.19; 2.25) should be checked visually by comparison with reference samples.

4.2. Checking the dimensions of the shovels, the maximum deviations of the dimensions, the taper angle and the thickness of the cutting edge (clauses 2.1; 2.5; 2.6; 2.9 - 2.11) should be carried out with a universal measuring tool or templates.

Checking the deviation of the surface of the blades from the nominal should be carried out in extreme points sections A-A indicated in the devil. 2 - 16.

4.3. The hardness of the shovel blade (clause 2.3) should be determined in accordance with GOST 9013-59 at 5 points located 15-50 mm from the blade edge and evenly spaced around the perimeter.

4.4. The strength of the shovel blade is checked in a device clamping the blade at a distance of 115 mm from the cutting edge.

The blade of the shovel is subjected to a preload equal to 2/3 of the bending moment according to clause 2.8. After removing the load, the position of the handle is fixed at a distance of 700 mm from the clamping point.

After loading the blade with a full bending moment and removing the load, the position of the handle is fixed at the same distance. The difference in measurements should not exceed 7 mm.

The zone of transition of the tulle into the canvas (from the line of advance to the end of the tulle or overlay), as well as welded and riveted joints, are checked for strength in a device that ensures their loading with the bending moment specified in clause 2.8, while the lower support should be located on the line of the advance. The specified area and connections must withstand a bending moment for 1 min.

(New edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.5. The strength of the handle should be checked in a device simulating a tulle by applying a bending moment in accordance with paragraph 2.23. After testing, the handle should be free of cracks and delamination.

(New edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. The knots should not exceed the dimensions specified by GOST 2695-83.

4.7. Checking the moisture content of wooden parts (clause 2.22) - according to GOST 16483.7-71 or GOST 16588-79.

4.8. The roughness of the surface of wooden parts should be determined in accordance with GOST 15612-85 before applying paint and varnish.

4.9. The tangential slope of the fibers should be checked on lumber or blanks in accordance with GOST 2140-81.

5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Transportation of shovels is carried out by any type of transport in covered vehicles or universal containers in accordance with the transportation rules in force for a particular type of transport.

5.2. Storage of packed shovels - according to group C GOST 15150-69.

6. MANUFACTURER'S WARRANTIES

6.1. The manufacturer must ensure that the produced shovels comply with the requirements of this standard, subject to the conditions of transportation, storage and operation.

6.2. The guaranteed service life of shovels is 12 months from the moment of sale through the retail trade network, and for off-market shovels - from the moment of receipt by the consumer.

APPLICATION. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy of the USSR

CONTRACTORS

E.A. Muravyov, Cand. tech. Sciences (topic leader); A.S. Mylnikov, Cand. tech. sciences; V.A. Rabovsky; NS. Cheremnykh; V.M. Aidenzon, Cand. tech. sciences; A.I. Seletkov, Cand. tech. sciences; V.V. King, Cand. tech. sciences

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED INTO EFFECT by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated 07.21.87 No. 3141

3. REPLACE GOST 3620-76, GOST 19596-74

4. PERIOD OF VERIFICATION - 1992

5. REFERENCE REGULATORY AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number
GOST 9.032-74
GOST 9.104-79

GOST 1050-74
GOST 1144-80
GOST 1145-80
GOST 2140-81
GOST 2695-83
GOST 2789-73
GOST 2991-85
GOST 3282-74
GOST 3560-73
GOST 4543-71
GOST 4976-83
GOST 5631-79
GOST 6449.1-82
GOST 6465-76
1. Classification, types and basic dimensions .. 1 2. Technical requirements. 11 3. Acceptance. 13 4. Methods of control. fourteen 5. Transportation and storage. fourteen 6. Manufacturer's Warranties. fourteen

SHOVELS

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

GOST 19596-87

USSR STATE COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Validity from 01.01.89

until 01.01.94

Failure to comply with the standard is punishable by law

This standard applies to shovels intended for the production of construction, gardening and handling.

1. CLASSIFICATION, TYPES AND MAIN DIMENSIONS

1.1. Shovels are subdivided into:

construction;

gardening;

loading and unloading.

Designation of shovel elements

1 - with a forked handle;

2 - with a T-shaped handle;

3 - with a ball head;

4 - with a hemispherical head;

5-ball head with metal stem.

cloth and sheath - rolled sheet steel made of steel grades 30HGS, 45, 50 according to GOST 1050-74, BSt5, BSt6 according to GOST 380-88 or other grades according to physical and mechanical indicators not lower than those indicated;

fork and sleeve - rolled sheet steel of grades 10, 15, 20 in accordance with GOST 1050-174 or BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

rod - steel BST0, BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

handle and handle - 1st grade hardwood sawn timber: birch, ash, maple.

Notes:

1. It is allowed to make handles and forks from plastic according to.

2. It is allowed to make cuttings, except for cuttings of type 5, from other materials in accordance with the requirement of p.

3. Thin-sheet products made of steel grades BST5, BST6, 10, 15, 20, 45 and 50 must comply with the requirements of GOST 16523-70, 30HGS according to TU 14-1-4118-86.

4. The permissible deviations in the thickness of the rolled sheet must comply with the requirements of GOST 19904-74.

2.2. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

Note ... Shovels with a blade width of 150 mm must withstand a bending moment when testing a blade of 160 N× m. Tuleyka in the place of transition to the blade of shovels with a shank diameter of 35 mm must withstand a bending moment of 300 N× m.

Note. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

2.9.

2.13. Lack of penetration and burn-through of the welded seam are not allowed.

2.14. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to make shovels without cuttings.

2.14. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

For construction and handling shovels, other anti-corrosion coatings are allowed upon agreement with the consumer.

2.19. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.20. There should be no cracks, flakes, wormholes, chips or other defects on the surface of wooden parts.

It is allowed to make cuttings glued along with moisture-resistant glue.

2.21. The tangential slope of the wood grain of the cuttings should not be more than 20 mm per 1 m of the cutting length.

It is allowed to cover wooden parts of shovels (with the exception of gardening shovels) with linseed oil.

4.3. Shovel blade hardness (p. ) should be determined in accordance with GOST 9013-59 at 5 points located 15-50 mm from the edge of the web and evenly spaced around the perimeter.

4.4. The strength of the shovel blade is checked in a device clamping the blade at a distance of 115 mm from the cutting edge.

The blade of the shovel is subjected to a preliminary loading equal to 2/3 of the bending moment according to p. After removing the load, the position of the handle is fixed at a distance of 700 mm from the clamping point.

After loading the blade with a full bending moment and removing the load, the position of the handle is fixed at the same distance. The difference in measurements should not exceed 7 mm.

The zone of transition of the tulle into the canvas (from the line of advance to the end of the tulle or overlay), as well as welded and riveted joints, are checked for strength in a device that ensures their loading by the bending moment set in paragraph, while the lower support should be located on the line of the advance. The specified area and connections must withstand a bending moment for 1 min.

4.4. (

4.5. The strength of the shank should be checked in a device that imitates a tulle, by applying a bending moment in accordance with cl. After testing, the handle should be free of cracks and delamination.

4.5. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

4.6. The knots must not exceed the dimensions indicated GOST 2695-83.

4.7. Checking the moisture content of wooden parts (p.) - according to GOST 16483.7-71 or according to GOST 16588-79.

4.8. The roughness of the surface of wooden parts should be determined by GOST 15612-85 before painting.

4.9. The tangential slope of the fibers should be checked on lumber or workpieces by GOST 2140-81.

5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

This technical specification applies to snow shovels intended for sale to the public.

I. Technical requirements.

£ .1. A snow shovel must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of these technical conditions.

1.2. The main dimensions and permissible deviations of the snow shovel should be:

length with a handle, mm, -1365 + 10 cloth, mm; -365x420 + 6 blade thickness, mm, 4-6 + 1 Kh.Z. Characteristic.

Inv. No. [Signed. and date Replace inv.No. Inv.No.Dubl. Go and date

1.3.1. For the manufacture of snow shovels must be used the following materials: wooden stalk according to NTD plywood waste GOST 39X6-69 waste plywood seats GOST 21176-75 sawn timber GOST 24454-80 and hardwood GOST 2695-83 tape otalny GOST 3560-75.

1.3.2 * On the surface of the snow shovel blade, wood defects in accordance with GOST 2140-81 and processing defects are not standardized. Partial delamination of the veneer at the edges is allowed.

1.3.3. The top and bottom of the snow shovel should be surrounded by steel tape.

1.3.4. Fastening of the steel tape to the canvas is made with nails GOST 4026-63.

1.3.5. Fastening the bottom of the handle to the canvas of the dopeta for snow is done with two nails on gaskets made of steel tape, the ends of the nails must be bent.



rev. Sheet	Document no. ^ Counterfeit
	Makarova
	Makarova

	Korotkov

Snow shovel

1.3.6. Accounting for Onega is done in pieces.

Technical conditions

tu OH 13-0255095-86

5§

1.4a Packaging.

1.4.1. Snow shovels are not packed.

1.5. Marking.

1.5. X. The snow shovel is marked with the manufacturer's name and retail price.

2. Acceptance rules.

2.1. Snow shovels must be approved by the technical control of the manufacturer.

2.2. The snow shovels are submitted for acceptance in batches. The party considers the number of snow shovels, drawn up by one accompanying document.

Ina. No. 1 Sign. and date I Add. ннв.№ J Ijav. Mduble. | Subp. and date

2.3. For control inspection and measurement, take 5% of the lot, but not less than 10 pieces. When unsatisfactory results are obtained for more than 5% of the snow shovels selected for testing, a double check of the double number of snow shovels taken from the same batch is carried out.

2.4. The manufacturer is given the right to re-sort the unaccepted batch and submit suitable snow shovels for delivery again.

3 * Methods of control.

3.1. Checking the dimensions of snow shovels is carried out with a metal tape measure GOST 7302-80 or other measuring instruments that ensure an accuracy of I mm.

4. Transportation and storage.

4.1. Transportation of snow shovels is allowed by any type of transport with mandatory protection from mechanical damage and atmospheric precipitation.

4.2. Each batch of snow shovels must be accompanied by a document that must contain:

manufacturer's name,

Name of production.

quantity in it “, price.

dispatch dates, designation of these technical specifications.

4.3. Snow supplements should be stored in dry rooms.

3. Supplier guarantees.

5.1. The manufacturer guarantees that the snow shovels comply with the requirements of these technical specifications, provided that the consumer observes the conditions of transportation and storage.

Inv. No. I Sign. I date I Take. inv. no. I Inv. Duplicate no. | , Sign. and date

SCROLL

normative and technical documentation, which is referenced in the technical conditions

GOST 19596-87

Group G24

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Technical conditions

Shovels. Specifications

OKP 14 8920

Valid from 01/01/89
until 01.01.94 *
________________
* Expiration date removed
according to protocol N 3-93 of the Interstate Council
on standardization, metrology and certification.
(IUS N 5-6 1993).
Note "CODE"

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy of the USSR

CONTRACTORS

E.A. Muravyov, Cand. tech. Sciences (topic leader); A.S. Mylnikov, Cand. tech. sciences; V.A. Rabovsky; N.S. Cheremnykh; V.M. Eidenzon, Cand. tech. sciences; A.I.Seletkov, Cand. tech. sciences; V.V. Korrol, Cand. tech. sciences

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED INTO EFFECT by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards of 21.07.87 N 3141

3. REPLACE GOST 3620-76, GOST 19596-74

4. PERIOD OF VERIFICATION -1992

5. REFERENCE REGULATORY AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number
GOST 9.032-74
GOST 9.104-79
GOST 380-71
GOST 1050-74
GOST 1144-80
GOST 1145-80
GOST 2140-81
GOST 2695-83
GOST 2789-73
GOST 2991-85
GOST 3282-74	2.28, 2.30
GOST 3560-73	2.28, 2.30
GOST 4543-71
GOST 4976-83
GOST 5631-79
GOST 6449.1-82
GOST 6465-76	2.19, 2.25
GOST 6631-74
GOST 7016-82
GOST 7931-76
GOST 8273-75
GOST 9013-59
GOST 9078-84
GOST 10299-80
GOST 12082-82
GOST 15150-69
GOST 15612-85
GOST 15846-79
GOST 16338-85
GOST 16483.7-71

GOST 16588-79
GOST 19903-74
GOST 19904-74
GOST 20435-75
GOST 22225-76
GOST 25346-82
GOST 25951-83
TU 14-1-4118-86

6. REPUBLICATION. June 1988

INTRODUCED Amendment No. 1, approved and enacted by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated 02/10/89 N 209 from 07/01/89 and published in IMS N 5, 1989.

Amendment No. 1 was introduced by the Legal Bureau "Kodeks" according to the text of IMS No. 5, 1989

This standard applies to shovels intended for the production of construction, gardening and handling.

1. CLASSIFICATION, TYPES AND MAIN DIMENSIONS

1.1. Shovels are subdivided into:

Construction;

Gardening;

Loading and unloading.

1.2. Shovels (Fig. 1), depending on the purpose, are made of the following types, indicated in Table 1.

Damn 1

Designation of shovel elements

1- canvas; 2- tulle; 3- stalk

Table 1

	Name	Appointment	Drawing number
BUILDING SHOVELS
	Pointed digging shovel	For digging soil
	Digging shovel rectangular
	Collecting shovel	For picking up and moving soil and bulk materials
	Faceted pick-up shovel
	Mortar shovel	For feeding and leveling mortar
GARDEN SHOVELS
	Garden shovel digging	For working on medium to soft soils
	Garden shovel
	Universal garden shovel
LOADING SHOVELS
	Sand shovel	For picking, unloading, loading sand, gravel, asphalt and other bulk materials
	Grain shovel	For picking, unloading grain and light bulk materials
	Coal shovel	For loading coal in a longwall and extracting a spear from the notch

	Metallurgical shovel	For loading and unloading operations in metallurgical production

	Pedigree shovel	For loading rocks. ores, crushed stone
	Mining shovel
	Snow shovel	For snow removal

1.3. According to the design of the blade, the shovels are made:

Solid stamped;

Prefabricated (with an invoice tulle).

1.4. The main dimensions of the shovels (without cuttings) and their maximum deviations must correspond to those indicated in Fig. 2-16.

Unspecified maximum deviations for shovel blades ± according to GOST 25346-82.

Damn 2

Pointed digging shovel, LKO

Weight - no more than 0.98 kg

Damn. 3

Digging shovel, rectangular, paintwork

Weight - no more than 1.05 kg

Damn. 4

Collecting shovel, LP

Weight - no more than 1.2 kg

Damn 5

Faceted pick-up shovel, LPG

Weight - no more than 1.6 kg

Heck. 6

Mortar shovel, LR

Weight - no more than 1.3 kg

(Modified edition, Rev. N 1)

Damn 7

Garden shovel digging, LOP

Weight - no more than 1.2 kg

Damn 8

Garden shovel digging, LOV

Weight - no more than 1.2 kg

Damn. 9

Universal garden shovel, LOU

Weight - no more than 1.5 kg

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

Damn 10

Sand shovel, LSP

Weight - no more than 0.98 kg

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

Damn 11

Grain shovel, LSZ

Weight - no more than 0.75 kg

Damn 12

Coal shovel, LU

Weight - no more than 1.64 kg

Damn. 13

Metallurgical shovel, LM

Weight - no more than 1.4 kg

Damn. 14

Rock shovel, decision maker

Weight - no more than 1.29 kg

Damn. 15

Mining shovel, LGR

Weight - no more than 1.17 kg

Damn. 16

Snow shovel, LSU

Weight - no more than 1.4 kg

1.5. Shovel cuttings are made of 5 types (Fig. 17):

1- with a forked handle;

2- with a T-shaped handle;

3- with a ball head;

4- with a hemispherical head;

5- with a ball head with a metal stem.

1.6. The main dimensions of the cuttings and their use for the types of shovels must correspond to those indicated in Fig. 17.

Unspecified maximum deviations for shovel cuttings ± IT17 in accordance with GOST 6449.1-82.

Heck. 17

Sizes of the planting part of cuttings, mm

Shovel type
LSP, LSZ
LKO, LKP, LP, LPG, LU-1, LU-2, LM-1, LM-2, LPR

LR, LSU

Heck. 17

Notes:

1. It is allowed to make cuttings for garden shovels with a diameter of 35 mm.

2. For shovels of types LOV and LOU, it is allowed to make cuttings without a conical part.

3. It is allowed to make conical seats for garden shovels with 2 tilt angles.

An example of a symbol for a shovel type LKO, with a handle of type 4, length 1300 mm:

LKO-4-1300 GOST 19596-87

The same, type LOU, version 1, 210 mm wide, with a handle of type 1:

LOU-1-210-1 GOST 19596-87

(Modified edition, Rev. N 1)

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Shovels should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to working drawings and standard samples approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Shovel parts must be made of the following materials:

Cloth and tulle - rolled sheet steel of steel grades 30HGS according to GOST 4543-71, 45, 50 according to GOST 1050-74, BSt5, BSt6 according to GOST 380-88 or other grades according to physical and mechanical indicators not lower than those indicated;

Fork and tulle - rolled steel of grades 10, 15, 20 in accordance with GOST 1050-74 or BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

Rod - steel BST0, BST2, BST3 in accordance with GOST 380-88;

Shank and handle - 1st grade hardwood sawn timber: birch, ash, maple according to GOST 2695-83.

Notes:

1. It is allowed to make plastic handles and forks in accordance with GOST 16338-85.

2. It is allowed to make cuttings, except for cuttings of type 5, from other materials in accordance with the requirement of clause 2.23.

3. Thin-sheet products made of steel grades BST5, BST6, 10, 15, 20, 45 and 50 must comply with the requirements, 30HGS according to TU 14-1-4118-86.

4. The permissible deviations in the thickness of the rolled sheet must comply with the requirements of GOST 19903-74 and GOST 19904-74.

2.3. Blades of shovels at least 90% of the length from the cutting edge must be heat-treated to a hardness of 37 ... 53 HRC, for shovels of types ЛКО, ЛКП, ЛОП, ЛОВ, ЛОУ and 35 ... 51 HRC, - for shovels of other types ...

Shovels, except for the types LKO, LKP, LOP, LOV and LOU, are allowed to be made without heat treatment.

2.5. Deviations of the surface of the blades from the nominal ± 6 mm, garden shovels ± 3 mm, for shovel blades made without heat treatment ± 4 mm.

2.7. On the cutting edges of the shovel blades there should be no blockages, chipping and chipped places.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.8. The shovel blades must withstand the force of the bending moment in accordance with the standards specified in Table 2, while the welded or riveted joint must not fail.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

table 2

Note. Shovels with a blade width of 150 mm must withstand a bending moment when testing a blade of 160 Nm. The tulle at the point of transition to the blade of shovels with a shank diameter of 35 mm must withstand a bending moment of 300 Nm.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.9. The shovels should have a taper from 1:30 to 1:20. By agreement with the consumer, shovels of the LOV and LOU types may be manufactured with a cylindrical sleeve.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.11. The symmetry tolerance of the tulle with respect to the canvas is 3 mm.

2.12. The conical part of the crowns of solid-stamped shovel blades must be welded or riveted.

2.13. Lack of penetration and burn-through of the welded seam are not allowed.

2.14. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to make shovels without cuttings.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.16. The connection of the cuttings with the tulles and handles must be tight, no backlash is allowed.

2.17. The handles of the forked grips must not rotate at the attachment points.

2.19. Metal parts of shovels should be coated with nitro paints of the NTs type, enamels of bright colors in terms of quality indicators not lower than PF-115 enamel in accordance with GOST 6465-76 or, in agreement with the consumer, with BT-577 varnish in accordance with GOST 5631-79.

For construction and handling shovels, other anti-corrosion coatings are allowed upon agreement with the consumer.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.20. There should be no cracks, flakes, wormholes, chips or other defects on the surface of wooden parts.

It is allowed to make cuttings glued along with moisture-resistant glue.

2.21. The tangential slope of the wood grain of the cuttings should not be more than 20 mm per 1 m of the cutting length.

2.22. The moisture content of the wood should not be more than 14%.

2.23. Cuttings with a diameter of 40 mm must withstand a bending moment of 440 Nm, and cuttings with a diameter of 35 mm must withstand a bending moment of 300 Nm.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.24. The roughness parameter of the surfaces of cuttings and handles, except for the seats, is 63 microns in accordance with GOST 7016-82 for wood and 0.8 microns in accordance with GOST 2789-73 for plastics.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.25. Wooden parts of shovels must be coated with lacquer NTs-221 or NTs-222 in accordance with GOST 4976-83, or enamel PF-115 in accordance with GOST 6465-76, or enamel NTs-132 P in accordance with GOST 6631-74, or enamels and varnishes of other brands in accordance with quality indicators not lower than those indicated.

It is allowed to cover wooden parts of shovels (with the exception of gardening shovels) with linseed oil in accordance with GOST 7931-76.

2.26. Paints and varnishes of shovel parts must correspond to class V in accordance with GOST 9.032-74. Service conditions of paint and varnish coatings - according to group I GOST 9.104-79.

2.27. Each shovel must be clearly marked with the following markings:

Manufacturer's trademark;

Price (when making shovels for retail sale).

2.28. Shovels should be packed in paper in accordance with GOST 8273-75 in bundles in an amount of no more than 5 pcs.

Blades of shovels of the same type and size, without cuttings, 5-10 pcs. must be tied with steel wire in accordance with GOST 3282-74, or steel tape in accordance with GOST 3560-73, or fastened with heat shrink film in accordance with GOST 25951-83.

Shovel cuttings without blades must be packed in bundles, while fasteners must be packed in separate bags and attached to the bundle of cuttings. Bundle weight should not exceed 15 kg gross.

It is allowed to pack shovels, canvases and cuttings in shrink film without wrapping in paper.

By agreement with the consumer, other packaging is allowed, ensuring the safety of shovels from mechanical damage and corrosion during transportation and storage.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.29. Bundles of cuttings should be packed in wooden crates in accordance with GOST 12082-82, types II-3 and II-4, or boxes in accordance with GOST 2991-85, type II-2.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.30. When transporting shovels in transport packages, their formation should be carried out on pallets in accordance with GOST 9078-84.

Transport packages must be fastened with steel packing tape in accordance with GOST 3560-73 or steel wire in accordance with GOST 3282-74.

The dimensions of the transport package are 800x1200x900 mm.

Package weight - no more than 1000 kg.

(Modified edition, Amendment N 1).

2.31. When sending products in universal containers in accordance with GOST 20435-75 and GOST 22225-76, packing of bundles in a transport package should not be carried out.

2.32. Packaging of products shipped to the Far North and remote areas - according to GOST 15846-79.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance tests and periodic tests should be carried out to verify the compliance of the shovels with the requirements of this standard.

3.2. Shovels are submitted for acceptance in batches. A batch is considered to be shovels made in one shift and presented for acceptance according to one document.

3.3. Acceptance tests should be carried out in the following scope: for compliance with the requirements of clause 2.4; 2.7; 2.12-2.19; 2.25 and 2.26 - 100% of products, for compliance with the requirements of clauses 2.3 (before painting); 2.5; 2.6 (before painting); 2.9-2.11 (2.9- before assembly with a handle); 2.20; 2.21; 2.24; 2.26 - 0.1% shovels and 0.5% cuttings from the accepted batch, but not less than 5 pcs. The results of the spot check are applied to the entire lot.

3.4. Periodic tests should be carried out at least once a quarter in the scope of acceptance tests with additional control of the requirements of clause 2.1; 2.2; 2.8; 2.22 and 2.24. For periodic tests select 1% of the shovels from the batch, but not less than 10 pieces.

3.5. If you receive unsatisfactory test results for at least one of the indicators, you should re-check twice the number of shovels taken from the same batch.

Retest results are final.

4. CONTROL METHODS

4.1. The appearance of the shovels and the strength of the joints (clauses 2.4; 2.7; 2.12-2.19; 2.25) should be checked visually by comparison with reference samples.

4.2. Checking the dimensions of the shovels, the maximum deviations of the dimensions, the taper angle and the thickness of the cutting edge (clauses 2.1; 2.5; 2.6; 2.9-2.11) should be carried out with a universal measuring tool or templates.

Checking the deviation of the surface of the shovel blades from the nominal should be carried out at the extreme points of the section indicated in Fig. 2-16.

4.3. The hardness of the shovel blade (clause 2.3) should be determined in accordance with GOST 9013-59 at 5 points located 15-50 mm from the blade edge and evenly spaced around the perimeter.

4.4. The strength of the shovel blade is checked in a device clamping the blade at a distance of 115 mm from the cutting edge.

After loading the blade with a full bending moment and removing the load, the position of the handle is fixed at the same distance. The difference in measurements should not exceed 7 mm.

The zone of transition of the tulle into the canvas (from the line of advance to the end of the tulle and or overlays), as well as welded and riveted joints, are checked for strength in a device that ensures their loading with the bending moment specified in clause 2.8, while the lower support should be located on the line offensive. The specified area and connections must withstand a bending moment for 1 min.

4.4, 4.5 (Modified edition, Rev. N 1).

4.6. The knots should not exceed the dimensions specified by GOST 2695-83.

4.7. Checking the moisture content of wooden parts (clause 2.22) - in accordance with GOST 16483.7-71 or GOST 16588-79.

4.8. The roughness of the surface of wooden parts should be determined in accordance with GOST 15612-85 before applying paint and varnish.

4.9. The tangential inclination of the fibers should be checked on sawn timber or billets according to GOST 2140-81.

5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.2. Storage of packed shovels - according to group C GOST 15150-69.

6. MANUFACTURER'S WARRANTIES

6.1. The manufacturer must ensure that the produced shovels comply with the requirements of this standard, subject to the conditions of transportation, storage and operation.

6.2. The guaranteed service life of shovels is 12 months from the moment of sale through the retail trade network, and for off-market shovels - from the moment of receipt by the consumer.

Application. (Deleted, Rev. N 1).