Foundation blocks fbs gost 13579 78. Concrete blocks for basement walls

GOST 13579-78

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CONCRETE BLOCKS
FOR BASEMENT WALLS

Technical conditions

Date of introduction 01.01.79

This standard applies to blocks made of heavy concrete, as well as expanded clay concrete and dense silicate concrete with an average density (dried to constant weight) not less than 1800 kg / m 3 and intended for basement walls and technical undergrounds of buildings.

Solid blocks may be used for foundations.

1. TYPES AND CONSTRUCTION OF BLOCKS

1.1. Blocks are classified into three types:

FBS - solid;

FBV - solid with a cutout for laying jumpers and passing communications under the ceilings of basements and technical undergrounds;

FBP - void (with open down voids).

1.2. The shape and size of the blocks must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. - and in table. ...

FBS type blocks

Blocks 300 mm wide

Heck. 1

Blocks 400, 500 and 600 mm wide

Heck. 1 (continued)

Blocks of type FBV

Heck. 2

Blocks of FBP type

Heck. 3

Table 1

The main dimensions of the block, mm
Length l	Width b	Height h
	300; 400; 500; 600

	300; 400; 500; 600

1.3. The structure of the symbol (marks) of the blocks is as follows:

Example of a symbolblock of the FBS type with a length of 2380 mm, a width of 400 mm and a height of 580 mm, made of heavy concrete:

FBS24.4.6-G GOST 13579-78

The same, type ФБВ 880 mm long, 400 mm wide and 580 mm high, made of concrete on porous aggregates (expanded clay concrete):

FBV9.4.6-P GOST 13579-78

The same, type FBP with a length of 2380 mm, a width of 500 mm and a height of 580 mm, made of dense silicate concrete:

FBP24.5.6-S GOST 13579-78

Note. It is allowed to manufacture and use blocks with a length of 780 mm (additional), adopted in the standard projects of buildings approved before 01/01/1978, for the duration of these projects.

1.4. The grades and characteristics of heavy concrete blocks are given in table. , from expanded clay concrete - in table. , from dense silicate concrete - in table. ...

With appropriate justification, it is allowed to use concrete blocks with compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in table. -. In this case, in all cases, the compressive strength class of concrete should be taken no more than B15 and no less:

В3.5 - for blocks made of heavy concrete and expanded clay concrete;

В12.5 "" "dense silicate concrete.

Note. V symbol blocks of concrete with compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in table. -, the appropriate digital index must be entered before the letter characterizing the type of concrete.

table 2

Compressive strength class of concrete	Mounting loop	Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
Compressive strength class of concrete		Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of the blocks is given for heavy concrete with an average density of 2400 kg / m 3.

Table 3

Mounting loop	Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
	Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of the blocks, as well as the brand of mounting loops, are given for blocks of expanded clay concrete with an average density of 1800 kg / m 3.

Table 4

Compressive strength class of concrete	Mounting loop	Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
Compressive strength class of concrete		Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of blocks, as well as mounting loops, is given for blocks of dense silicate concrete with an average density of 2000 kg / m 3.

1.5. The location of the mounting loops in the blocks must correspond to that indicated in fig. -. Mounting hinge designs are given in the appendix.

It is allowed to install mounting loops in FBS-type blocks with a length of 1180 and 2380 mm at a distance of 300 mm from the ends of the block and flush with its upper plane.

When using special gripping devices for lifting and mounting blocks, it is allowed, by agreement between the manufacturer, the consumer and the design organization, to manufacture blocks without mounting loops.

1.4, 1.5. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The materials used for the preparation of concrete must ensure that the technical requirements established by this standard are met and comply with the applicable standards or specifications for these materials.

50 - for heavy concrete and expanded clay concrete of class B 12.5 and above;

70 "" "class B 10 and below;

80 "expanded clay concrete" V 10 ""

100 ”dense silicate concrete.

When blocks are delivered to cold period year, it is allowed to increase the value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete as a percentage of the compressive strength class, but not more than:

70 - for concrete of class B 12.5 and above;

90 "" "B 10 and below.

The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete should be taken according to project documentation for a specific building or structure in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13015.

Delivery of blocks with a concrete tempering strength lower than the strength corresponding to its compressive strength class is carried out under the condition that the manufacturer guarantees that the concrete will achieve the required strength at the design age, determined by the results of testing control samples made of concrete mix working staff and stored in conditions according to GOST 18105.

2.5 - 2.7. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. When blocks are released to the consumer, the moisture content of expanded clay concrete should not be more than 12%.

A3 - front, intended for painting;

A5 - front, intended for decoration ceramic tiles stacked on a layer of mortar;

A6 - front unfinished;

A7 - non-face, invisible under operating conditions.

Requirements for the quality of block surfaces are in accordance with GOST 13015.

2.13. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

2.14. In concrete, blocks taken in accordance with Sec. , cracks are not allowed, with the exception of local surface shrinkage, the width of which should not exceed 0.1 mm in blocks of heavy and dense silicate concrete and 0.2 mm in blocks of expanded clay concrete.

2.15. Mounting loops must be free of concrete build-up.

3. RULES OF ACCEPTANCE

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

GOST 13015.

5. MARKING, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

5.1. Block marking - by GOST 13015.

Markings and signs should be applied to the side surface of the block.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

5.2. Blocks should be stored in stacks sorted by grade and lot and stacked close to each other.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR BASEMENT WALLS

Technical conditions

GOST 13579-78

STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Date of introduction 01.01.79

This standard applies to blocks made of heavy concrete, as well as light and dense silicate concrete with an average density of at least 1800 kg / m 3 and intended for basement walls and technical undergrounds of buildings. Solid blocks may be used for foundations.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

1. TYPES AND CONSTRUCTION OF BLOCKS

1.1. Blocks are classified into three types:

FBS - solid;

FBV - solid with a cutout for laying jumpers and passing communications under the ceilings of basements and technical undergrounds;

FBP - void (with open downward voids).

1.2. The shape and size of the blocks must correspond to those indicated on - and in table. 1.

Table 1

Block type	The main dimensions of the block, mm
	Lengthl	Widthb	Height h

FBS type blocks

A. Blocks 300 mm wide

With appropriate justification, it is allowed to use blocks made of concrete of compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in -. In this case, in all cases, the compressive strength class of concrete should be taken no more than B15 and no less:

B3.5 - for blocks of heavy and lightweight concrete;

B12.5 - for blocks made of dense silicate concrete.

Note. In the symbolic designation of blocks made of concrete of compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in -, the corresponding digital index should be entered in front of the letter characterizing the type of concrete.

1.5. The location of the mounting loops in the blocks must correspond to that indicated on -. Mounting hinge designs are given in.

It is allowed to install mounting loops in FBS-type blocks with a length of 1180 and 2380 mm at a distance of 300 mm from the ends of the block and flush with its upper plane.

1.3 - 1.5.

Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Mounting loop		Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Brand	Quantity	Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of the blocks is given for heavy concrete with an average density of 2400 kg / m 3.

2.7. The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete blocks (as a percentage of the compressive strength class) should be taken equal to:

50 - for heavy concrete and lightweight concrete of class B12.5 and higher;

70 - for heavy concrete of class B10 and below;

80 - for lightweight concrete of class B10 and below;

100 - for dense silicate concrete.

When supplying blocks during the cold season, it is allowed to increase the normalized tempering strength of concrete, but not more than values (as a percentage of the compressive strength class):

70 - for concrete of class B12.5 and above;

90 - for concrete of class B10 and below.

The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete should be taken according to the design documentation for a specific building or structure in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13015.0.

Delivery of blocks with a concrete tempering strength lower than the strength corresponding to its compressive strength class is carried out under the condition that the manufacturer guarantees that the concrete will achieve the required strength at the design age, determined by the results of testing control samples made from a concrete mixture of a working composition and stored under conditions according to GOST 18105.

2.5 - 2.7. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. When blocks are released to the consumer, the moisture content of lightweight concrete should not be more than 12%.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. Mounting loops of blocks should be made of rod hot-rolled reinforcement smooth class A-I grades VSt3ps2 and VSt3sp2 or periodic profile Аc-II, grade 10GT according to GOST 5781.

Reinforcement made of steel grade VSt3ps2 is not allowed to be used for mounting loops intended for lifting and mounting blocks at temperatures below minus 40 ° C.

2.10. Deviation of the design dimensions of the blocks should not exceed, mm:

along length 13

in width and height 8

by cut-out dimensions 5

2.11. The deviation from the straightness of the profile of the block surfaces should not exceed 3 mm over the entire length and width of the block.

(Revised edition).

2.12. The following categories are set concrete surface blocks:

A3 - front, intended for painting;

A5 - front, intended for finishing with ceramic tiles, laid on a layer of mortar;

A6 - front, unfinished;

A7 - non-face, not visible under operating conditions.

Requirements for the quality of block surfaces are in accordance with GOST 13015.0.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.13. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

2.14. In concrete, blocks taken in accordance with Sec. 3, cracks are not allowed, except for local surface shrinkage, the width of which should not exceed 0.1 mm in blocks of heavy and dense silicate concrete and 0.2 mm in blocks of lightweight concrete.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. Mounting loops must be free of concrete build-up.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance of blocks should be carried out in batches in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13015.1 and this standard.

3.2. Acceptance of blocks for frost resistance and water resistance of concrete, release moisture content of lightweight concrete, as well as for water absorption of concrete of blocks intended for operation in an environment with an aggressive degree of impact, should be carried out according to the results of periodic tests.

3.3. Tests of concrete for water resistance and water absorption of blocks to which these requirements are imposed should be carried out at least once every 3 months.

3.4. The release moisture content of lightweight concrete should be monitored at least once a month based on the results of testing samples taken from three ready-made blocks.

The assessment of the actual release moisture content should be carried out according to the results of checking each controlled block according to the average moisture content of the samples taken from it.

3.5. Acceptance of blocks in terms of concrete strength (class of concrete in terms of compressive strength and tempering strength), compliance of mounting loops with the requirements of this standard, accuracy of geometric parameters, width of technological crack opening and category of concrete surface of blocks should be carried out according to the results of acceptance tests.

3.6. Acceptance of blocks in terms of accuracy of geometric parameters, category of concrete surface and width of opening of technological cracks should be carried out according to the results of sampling.

3.7. Acceptance of blocks according to the presence of mounting loops, the correct application of marking inscriptions and signs should be carried out by continuous control with rejection of blocks that have defects according to the specified indicators.

Sec. 3. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. METHODS OF CONTROL AND TESTING

4.1. The compressive strength of concrete should be determined in accordance with GOST 10180 on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition and stored under the conditions established by GOST 18105.

When testing blocks by non-destructive methods, the actual tempering compressive strength of concrete should be determined by the ultrasonic method in accordance with GOST 17624 or by mechanical devices in accordance with GOST 22690, as well as other methods provided for in the standards for concrete testing methods.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.3. The frost resistance grade of concrete should be determined in accordance with GOST 10060.

4.4. The water resistance of concrete blocks should be determined in accordance with GOST 12730.0 and GOST 12730.5 on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.4.1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.5. The water absorption of concrete blocks intended for use in an aggressive environment should be determined in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12730.0 and GOST 12730.3 on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.7. The moisture content of lightweight concrete should be determined in accordance with GOST 12730.0 and GOST 12730.2 by testing samples taken from finished blocks.

At least two samples should be taken from each block.

It is allowed to determine the moisture content of concrete blocks by the dielectric method in accordance with GOST 21718.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

The standard applies to blocks made of heavy concrete, as well as light and dense silicate concrete with an average density of at least 1800 kg / m3 and intended for basement walls and technical undergrounds of buildings. Solid blocks may be used for foundations.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR BASEMENT WALLS

Technical conditions

GOST 13579-78

STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Date of introduction 01.01.79

This standard applies to blocks made of heavy concrete, as well as light and dense silicate concrete with an average density of at least 1800 kg / m 3 and intended for basement walls and technical underground buildings. Solid blocks may be used for foundations.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

1. TYPES ICONSTRUCTION OF BLOCKS

1.1. Blocks are subdivided into three types:

FBS - solid;

FBV - solid with a cutout for laying jumpers and passing communications under the ceilings of basements and technical undergrounds;

FBP - void (with open down voids).

1.2. The shape and size of the blocks must correspond to those indicated on - and in table. 1.

Table 1

Block type	The main dimensions of the block, mm
	Lengthl	Widthb	Height h

FBS type blocks

A. Block width 300 mm

With appropriate justification, it is allowed to use blocks of concrete of compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in -. In all cases, the class of concrete in terms of compressive strength should be taken no more than B15 and not less:

В3.5 - for blocks of heavy and lightweight concrete;

B12.5 - for blocks of dense silicate concrete.

Note. In the conventional designation of blocks made of concrete of compressive strength classes that differ from those indicated in -, the corresponding digital index should be entered in front of the letter characterizing the type of concrete.

1.5. The location of the mounting loops in the blocks must correspond to that indicated on -. The design of the mounting loops is given in.

It is allowed to install mounting loops in FBS-type blocks with a length of 1180 and 2380 mm at a distance of 300 mm from the ends of the block and flush with its upper plane.

1.3 - 1.5.

Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Mounting loop		Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Brand	Quantity	Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of the blocks is given for heavy concrete with an average density of 2400 kg / m 3.

2.7. The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete blocks (as a percentage of the compressive strength class) should be taken equal to:

50 - for heavy concrete and lightweight concrete of class B12.5 and higher;

70 - for heavy concrete class B10 and below;

80 - for lightweight concrete class B10 and below;

100 - for dense silicate concrete.

When supplying blocks in the cold period of the year, it is allowed to increase the normalized tempering strength of concrete, but not more than values (as a percentage of the compressive strength class):

70 - for concrete of class B12.5 and above;

90 - for concrete of class B10 or less.

Delivery of blocks with a concrete tempering strength lower than the strength corresponding to its compressive strength class is carried out under the condition that the manufacturer guarantees that the concrete blocks achieve the required strength at the design age, determined by the results of testing control samples made from a concrete mixing composition and stored under conditions in accordance with GOST 18105.

2.5 - 2.7. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. When the blocks are released to the consumer, the moisture content of lightweight concrete should not be more than 12%.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. Mounting loops of blocks should be made of rod hot-rolled reinforcement smooth class A-I grades VSt3ps2 and VSt3sp2 or periodic profile Аc-II, grade 10GT according to GOST 5781.

Reinforcement made of steel grade VSt3ps2 is not allowed to be used for mounting loops intended for lifting and mounting blocks at temperatures below minus 40 ° С.

2.10. Deviation of the design dimensions of the blocks should not exceed, mm:

along length 13

in width and height 8

by cut-out dimensions 5

2.11. The deviation from the straightness of the profile of the block surfaces should not exceed 3 mm over the entire length and width of the block.

(Revised edition).

2.12. The following categories of concrete block surfaces are established:

A3 - front, intended for painting;

A5 - front, intended for finishing with ceramic tiles laid along the mortar layer;

A6 - front, unfinished;

A7 - non-face, not visible under operating conditions.

Requirements for the quality of block surfaces are in accordance with GOST 13015.0.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.13. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. Mounting loops must be free of concrete build-up.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance of blocks should be carried out in batches in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13015.1 and this standard.

3.2. Acceptance of blocks of frost resistance and water tightness of concrete, tempering moisture content of lightweight concrete, as well as water absorption of concrete blocks intended for operation in an environment with an aggressive degree of impact, should be carried out according to the results of periodic tests.

3.3. Tests of concrete water tightness and water absorption of blocks to which these requirements are imposed should be carried out at least once every 3 months.

3.4. The release moisture content of lightweight concrete should be monitored at least once a month according to the results of testing samples taken from three ready-made blocks.

The assessment of the actual selling moisture should be carried out according to the results of checking each controlled unit according to the average moisture content of the samples taken from it.

3.7. Acceptance of blocks for the presence of mounting loops, the correctness of the application of markings and marks should be carried out by means of continuous control with rejection of blocks that have defects according to the specified indicators.

Sec. 3. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. METHODS OF CONTROL AND TEST

When testing blocks by non-destructive methods, the actual tempering strength of concrete in compression should be determined by the ultrasonic method in accordance with GOST 17624 or mechanical devices in accordance with GOST 22690, as well as other methods provided for in the standards for concrete testing methods.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.3. Concrete grade frost resistance should be determined in accordance with GOST10060.

4.4. Water tightness of concrete blocks should be determined in accordance with GOST 12730.0 and GOST 12730.5 on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.4.1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.7. The moisture content of lightweight concrete should be determined in accordance with GOST 12730.0 and GOST 12730.2 by testing samples taken from finished blocks.

At least two samples should be taken from each block.

It is allowed to determine the moisture content of concrete blocks by the dielectric method in accordance with GOST 21718.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.8. The dimensions and deviations from the straightness of the blocks, the position of the mounting loops, the width of the opening of technological cracks, the dimensions of the cavities, sagging and roundabouts of the concrete of the blocks should be checked by the methods established by GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

5. MARKING, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

5.1. Block marking - in accordance with GOST 13015.2.

Markings and marks should be applied to lateral surface block.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

5.2. Blocks should be stored in stacks sorted by grade and lot and stacked side-by-side.

The height of a stack of blocks should be no more than 2.5 m.

5.3. During storage and transportation, each block should be placed on gaskets located vertically one above the other between the rows of blocks.

The pads for the bottom row of blocks should be laid on a dense, carefully leveled base.

5.4. The thickness of the spacers must be at least 30 mm.

5.5. During transportation, the blocks must be securely secured against displacement.

The height of the stack during transportation is set depending on the carrying capacity of the vehicles and the permissible loading dimensions.

5.6. Loading, transportation, unloading and storage of blocks should be carried out in compliance with measures to exclude the possibility of their damage.

5.7. The documentary requirements for the quality of blocks supplied to the consumer are in accordance with GOST 13015.3.

In addition, the document on the quality of the blocks should indicate the grades of concrete for frost resistance and water resistance, as well as the water absorption of concrete (if these indicators are specified in the order for the manufacture of blocks).

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

6. MANUFACTURER'S WARRANTY

6.1. The manufacturer must guarantee the compliance of the supplied units with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer observes the rules of transportation, conditions of use and storage of units established by the standard.

APPENDIX 1330

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED State Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning under the USSR Gosstroy (Goskomarkhitektury)

Developers:

A.A. Sherentsis, Cand. tech. Sciences (topic leader); V.F. Moskvin; L.G. Pashchevskaya; S.A. Kagan, Cand. tech. sciences; V.I.Denshchikov

2. APPROVED AND COMMITTED INTO ACTION Resolution of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction Affairs dated 12/30/1977 No. 234

3. REPLACE GOST 13579-68

4. REFERENCE REGULATORY AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

GOST 13015.2-81

GOST 13015.3-81

GOST 17624-87

GOST 18105-86

GOST 21718-84

GOST 22690-88

GOST 26433.0-85

GOST 26433.1-89

SNiP 2.03.01-84

SNiP 2.03.02-86

SNiP 2.03.11-85

5 REVISED (June 1990) with Amendments No. 1, approved in November 1985 (IUS 3-86), and amendments


GOST 13579-78
Name	Dimensions (LxWxH, mm)	volume, m3	Weight, t	Price for 1 unit with VAT, rub.
FBS 24.3.6-t	2380х300х580	0,406	0,97	1787
FBS 24.4.6-t	2380x400x580	0,543	1,3	2394
FBS 24.5.6-t	2380x500x580	0,679	1,63	2988
FBS 24.6.6-t	2380x600x580	0,815	1,96	3587
FBS 12.3.6-t	1180х300х580	0,197	0,48	905
FBS 12.4.6-t	1180x400x580	0,265	0,64	1178
FBS 12.5.6-t	1180x500x580	0,331	0,79	1472
FBS 12.6.6-t	1180x600x580	0,398	0,96	1770
FBS 12.4.3-t	1180x400x280	0,127	0,31	664
FBS 12.5.3-t	1180x500x280	0,159	0,38	757
FBS 12.6.3-t	1180x600x280	0,191	0,46	877
FBS 9.3.6-t	880x300x580	0,146	0,35	779
FBS 9.4.6-t	880x400x580	0,195	0,47	981
FBS 9.5.6-t	880x500x580	0,244	0,59	1107
FBS 9.6.6-t	880x600x580	0,293	0,7	1281

Solid foundation blocks are made in accordance with GOST 13579-78 from heavy concrete grade M100 and are used for the construction of foundations, those. underground and basement walls. Today FBS foundation blocks used in prefabricated reinforced concrete foundations of low-rise buildings. As a rule, these are private houses, garages, etc.

After completion of construction, the main functions of FBS blocks will be to transfer the load of the entire building structure to the ground, strength, reliability, resistance to corrosion and destruction. The foundation of FBS blocks can be built regardless of the weather, it does not require the installation of formwork, time for the concrete to gain the necessary strength, and in general is more economical than its monolithic version. But it must be remembered that basement wall blocks cannot be used for every type of soil. For example, they work well for sandy soils, but in the case of loose and soft soils, you will have to use a different type of foundation. Otherwise, its further subsidence is possible.

FBS blocks with internal and outside require waterproofing, for example bituminous mastic... At high humidity in the area of foundation construction, a waterproofing layer can be installed directly under the first row of block masonry. So, let's move on to the process of installing the foundation blocks. First, a trench is dug to the depth of freezing of the soil, while part of the soil is specially left by the workers for backfilling. Before installing the blocks, a sand base is made. Next comes the pillow. It can be either monolithic or prefabricated, consisting of strip foundation slabs. These prefabricated cushion slabs, due to their shape, increase the support area and are laid out close to each other. Only then, at the corners of the outer walls, the installation of FBS blocks begins. In order to get the ligation of the blocks, they must alternate in the corners. Those. in one row, the end of the block of one wall goes to the corner, and in the other row the end of the block of the other wall goes. During installation, the FBS foundation blocks are placed on the mortar, in some cases, to increase reliability, an additional laying is possible masonry mesh... As extras, you can use 2 options: bookmark building bricks, or filling a monolithic insert. The seams between the blocks are also filled with mortar. As in bricklaying, the installation of FBS foundation blocks involves bandaging - the vertical seams should not coincide, they should be in the middle of the upper and lower blocks.

In some cases in an additional way savings in the construction of a prefabricated foundation from FBS blocks is an increase in the distance between foundation blocks... These voids are again filled with ordinary red building bricks. Such savings will not affect the bearing characteristics of low-rise buildings.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR BASEMENT WALLS

Technical conditions

GOST 13579-78

STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Date of introduction 01.01.79

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

1. TYPES AND CONSTRUCTION OF BLOCKS

1.1. Blocks are classified into three types:

FBS - solid;

FBV - solid with a cutout for laying jumpers and passing communications under the ceilings of basements and technical undergrounds;

FBP - void (with open downward voids).

1.2. The shape and size of the blocks must correspond to those indicated on - and in table. 1.

Table 1

Block type	The main dimensions of the block, mm
	Lengthl	Widthb	Height h

FBS type blocks

A. Blocks 300 mm wide

B3.5 - for blocks of heavy and lightweight concrete;

B12.5 - for blocks made of dense silicate concrete.

1.5. The location of the mounting loops in the blocks must correspond to that indicated on -. Mounting hinge designs are given in.

It is allowed to install mounting loops in FBS-type blocks with a length of 1180 and 2380 mm at a distance of 300 mm from the ends of the block and flush with its upper plane.

1.3 - 1.5.

Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Mounting loop		Consumption of materials		Block weight (reference), t
Block brand	Compressive strength class of concrete	Brand	Quantity	Concrete, m 3	Steel, kg	Block weight (reference), t

Note. The mass of the blocks is given for heavy concrete with an average density of 2400 kg / m 3.

2.7. The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete blocks (as a percentage of the compressive strength class) should be taken equal to:

50 - for heavy concrete and lightweight concrete of class B12.5 and higher;

70 - for heavy concrete of class B10 and below;

80 - for lightweight concrete of class B10 and below;

100 - for dense silicate concrete.

When supplying blocks during the cold season, it is allowed to increase the normalized tempering strength of concrete, but not more than values (as a percentage of the compressive strength class):

70 - for concrete of class B12.5 and above;

90 - for concrete of class B10 and below.

The value of the normalized tempering strength of concrete should be taken according to the design documentation for a specific building or structure in accordance with the requirements.

Delivery of blocks with a concrete tempering strength below the strength corresponding to its compressive strength class is carried out under the condition that the manufacturer guarantees that the concrete will achieve the required strength at the design age, determined by the results of testing control samples made from a concrete mixture of a working composition and stored under conditions according to .

2.5 - 2.7. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.8. When blocks are released to the consumer, the moisture content of lightweight concrete should not be more than 12%.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. Mounting loops of blocks should be made of rod hot-rolled reinforcement smooth class A-I grades VSt3ps2 and VSt3sp2 or periodic profile Ac-II, grade 10GT.

Reinforcement made of steel grade VSt3ps2 is not allowed to be used for mounting loops intended for lifting and mounting blocks at temperatures below minus 40 ° C.

2.10. Deviation of the design dimensions of the blocks should not exceed, mm:

along length 13

in width and height 8

by cut-out dimensions 5

2.11. The deviation from the straightness of the profile of the block surfaces should not exceed 3 mm over the entire length and width of the block.

(Revised edition).

2.12. The following categories of concrete block surfaces are established:

A3 - front, intended for painting;

A5 - front, intended for finishing with ceramic tiles, laid on a layer of mortar;

A6 - front, unfinished;

A7 - non-face, not visible under operating conditions.

Requirements for the quality of the surfaces of the blocks - according to.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.13. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. Mounting loops must be free of concrete build-up.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance of blocks should be carried out in batches in accordance with the requirements and this standard.

3.3. Tests of concrete for water resistance and water absorption of blocks to which these requirements are imposed should be carried out at least once every 3 months.

3.4. The release moisture content of lightweight concrete should be monitored at least once a month based on the results of testing samples taken from three ready-made blocks.

Sec. 3. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. METHODS OF CONTROL AND TESTING

4.1. The compressive strength of concrete should be determined by a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition and stored under the conditions specified.

When testing blocks by non-destructive methods, the actual tempering compressive strength of concrete should be determined by the ultrasonic method or by mechanical devices, as well as by other methods provided for in the standards for concrete testing methods.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.3. The frost resistance grade of concrete should be determined by.

4.4. The water resistance of concrete blocks should be determined by and on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.4.1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.5. The water absorption of concrete blocks intended for use in an aggressive environment should be determined in accordance with the requirements and on a series of samples made from a concrete mixture of the working composition.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.7. The moisture content of lightweight concrete should be determined by and by testing samples taken from ready-made blocks.

At least two samples should be taken from each block.