How to build a house from panels. DIY panel house

The construction industry is gaining momentum every day and improving. Thanks to these processes, it is possible to build a massive house of any number of storeys at minimal cost. Moreover, such a building will have high quality. In addition, you can evaluate the high level of strength of the SIP video panel by watching the video in this article. In our article, we will get acquainted with the advantages and disadvantages of such a material, and how to build a house from sip panels.

The main advantages of SIP panels

Do-it-yourself construction of houses from sip panels is gaining momentum in popularity. Why is this happening? Sip panels in relation to other materials have the following advantages:

Attention! Such unique features make it possible to make almost any type of building out of Sip, from warehouses to country cottages.

The main disadvantages of buildings from Sip

In this section, we need to consider all the shortcomings of the material for building a house from vulture products passed without unforeseen problems:

• Sip buildings are usually not oxygen-permeable, so they keep the air inside the building. The problem can be solved by regular airing of the rooms.
• Construction work takes less than 7 days, during which the weather can change, so think about the drainage system in advance.
• A low level of fire resistance requires high-quality electrical wiring and fire alarms.
• In addition, the blind area should be made wider so that in winter it is easy to clean the path.

If you have already decided on the material, and this is exactly Sip panels, then below we will look at how to build a house according to Canadian technology with your own hands.

Building a house with your own hands

The construction of buildings from such material includes some stages of construction:

• Preparatory stage;
• Arrangement of flooring;
• Wall installation;
• Roof arrangement;
• Finishing work.

Let's look at each stage of the work in more detail.

Preparatory work

Before proceeding with the construction of an object from SIP panels, it is necessary to perform the following series of actions:

• The first thing we do is drafting a project. To do this, you can use a ready-made project or do it yourself: a video on how to do this can be viewed below;
• To perform the work, you need to purchase a hacksaw and a screwdriver.
• For the construction of this type, the usual type of foundation is suitable, for example, a screw foundation.
• Next, we perform waterproofing. To do this, you can use a two-layer roofing material.
• We lay the laying of the strapping beam, which will serve as the basis for the floor.

We equip the floor

Now we can start laying the floor base. To do this, you need to use panels. We put them over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building, but before that, waterproofing should be performed. Either bituminous mastic or roofing material will help us with this. Each groove should be treated with a sealant - this is necessary for splicing the panels.

Attention! In order to fix the parts more strongly, you can use self-tapping screws, and then lubricate all the ends with a special agent.

We mount the walls

After the previous stages are completed, you can start building a frame house. To do this, follow these steps:

• We mount the frame horizontally along the entire perimeter of the building. bottom harness must be carried out in accordance with all existing regulations.
• Next, we install the corner panels, from which the following Sip products are attached in different directions.
• In order to avoid distortions, it is necessary to use the building level.
• The upper selections of panel elements must be treated with sealant.
• After we proceed to the upper strapping.

Roof installation

With such a construction, there is no need to create roof structure, as the design is able to withstand heavy loads. Also, for this stage, it is not necessary to additionally perform steam and waterproofing. You can see in more detail on the video of building a house from sip panels. In general, the installation process of the roof is carried out in the same way as the installation of walls.

Finishing work

If the walls are made of Sip panels, then the building receives a large number of advantages in relation to other types. So, they are characterized by a smooth and even surface. That is why finishing work is much easier than for other materials. To do this, you can use drywall, while not mounting the frame. You can also use clapboard, siding, tiles or stones. You can attach finishing products using building glue.

Attention! Flooring can be created using parquet, tiles, linoleum and other options.

Having completed the construction of a building from sip panels, you can achieve a very stable and reliable result. Plus, the price will pleasantly please you.

SIP panels are a type of so-called sandwich panels. Their function is a bearing support, for this reason they are used for the construction of frame-panel structures.

Canadian technology made it possible to connect the panels using a tenon-groove. The panels include three layers: insulation and two rigid sheets. The wooden frame performs a load-bearing function and can withstand a large load.

Types of sip panels:

• Roofing;
• Wall;
• For coverings.

The composition of such panels includes OSB and foam boards, their combination gives high strength and thermal insulation. The materials are connected with a special polymer adhesive. Polyurethane foam, fiberglass, mineral wool, polyisocyanurate foam can also be used as a heater.

How are houses built from this type of panels?

Frame, floor, roof frame, interfloor ceilings built from beams different section. Thanks to the insulation, you can build attics with less cash investment.

OSB boards are made from chips, the fibers of which are laid in different directions, and impregnated with a special moisture resistant composition. Outside, finishing can be done with siding, brick or ceramic panels.

Walls can be insulated with waterproofing film and drywall.

Pros and cons of building houses from sip panels

A house made of sip panels is hygienic, environmentally friendly and fire resistant, without posing a danger to either people or animals.

A thick layer of expanded polystyrene will keep the house warm even at high sub-zero temperatures outside and save the family budget on heating. Even panel and brick houses. For comparison, in order for a brick house to have the same thermal conductivity, the walls must be 1.5 meters wide.

Along with this, the panels have high sound insulation.

The use of sip panels allows increase the speed of construction of buildings by several times (1-2 months) and you can work with them at any time of the year. They are easy and convenient to transport.

price issue

Let's find out how much it costs to build such a house. To date construction of sip panels is the cheapest option. Price per square meter"turnkey", including the foundation, decoration, roof, electricity, heating is 300-450 USD. For example, for a given cost, you can build a brick house box.

Due to its lightness, the impact on the foundation is minimized.

The main disadvantage of "Canadian houses" is the conservatism of the population. Many are afraid to use new technologies to build a house in reproach to the usual (brick, panel houses). Of course, all building materials have their drawbacks and advantages, but in the case of sip panels, there are no serious disadvantages.

Often a negative opinion about these buildings is created by competitors. This applies to both distributors of building materials and builders who adhere to the usual methods of construction.

Myths about sip panels

Ventilation needs to be carefully considered

This is not necessary, just ventilation should be better than in traditional houses. By the way, in them often it is simply absent.

Building fire hazard

Any building can burn down. There are many products on the market to prevent fires, including fire protection products. wooden materials(fire-retardant paints and compositions). And of course, follow the basic safety measures.

Rodent problems

This minus can also be applied to all houses, even in brick houses rodents can get in. It is worth noting that they do not feed on basalt wool and foam.

The need for insulation

A house made of any building material needs to be insulated more than the prescribed norms and rules.

Stages of building a sip house

Now let's talk more about the construction of a Canadian house.

1. Project selection

Any construction must begin with a project. If you do not pay attention to this stage, the results of the buildings can be sad.

In buildings without a project, you can often see a single load-bearing frame, which is responsible for the strength of the structure. Panel cutting is minimized to save time. However, the danger of structures is not taken into account.

Any project can be the basis, since the features of sip panels are taken into account not at the draft, but already at the detailed design stage. Here you need the help of a qualified specialist.

The architectural part of the project outlines appearance and planning. Self-planning of floors can lead to such shortcomings as narrow corridor, steep stairs, etc.

The cost of the finished project varies from 200 to 600 rubles per square meter. How to design your own house? You can pick up a project in any catalog or take published projects on the Internet as a basis and remake them for yourself. Many do just that.

The construction of two-story houses will come out much cheaper than one-story houses with the same area. However, it should be noted that the usable space in a two-story building goes under the staircase hall, an additional bathroom.

The main thing is to find the option you like, determine the needs, correlate with the possibilities. If necessary, change the area, remove excesses.

studying finished projects, you need to pay attention to the fact that the total area is considered differently. There are different counting rules, which can distort the final result even by half.

Surely, many wondered how to build a Canadian house yourself. The services of construction organizations will have to be used in any case.

According to the project, panels of the required parameters can be manufactured. You can of course buy ready-made panels standard size and then cut them to fit the project. But this is a long and laborious work. After completing the order, the panels are transported to construction site and assembly begins.

Buying a house kit

Also now there are many companies selling house kits created on the principle of “build it yourself”. This adult building toy includes a pre-assembled frame that simply needs to be assembled at the construction site, assembly instructions are included.

All wooden components are cut according to the project at the factory, at the same time, the buyer receives finished marked products.

3. Foundation

The sip house is considered light, and therefore it does not need a heavy buried foundation. Often they erect tape, pile-grillage, tape-columnar.

To build a shallow foundation, it is necessary to make markings on the site and excavate the soil (depth 50-60 cm, width 40 cm). The next step is its compaction.

To do this, sand is poured in a layer of 10 cm, compacted. Further, according to the same principle, crushed stone is poured. Now you can start installing the formwork, height - 50 cm above the ground. Before this, it is necessary to make holes.

After that, it is connected and installed in a trench. The foundation is poured concrete mortar and dries within a month. The wooden formwork is removed.

A two-three-layer roofing material is laid on the foundation, on which bituminous mastic is smeared. After the foundation is laid in the middle, it is connected at the corners. We fix it with a pin.

4. Gender

Canadian technologies provide for the complete construction of the house with sip panels (walls, roof, floor). But Russian companies are of the opinion that it is better to do ordinary floors on logs. The space between the lags must be filled with insulation.

This method is more reliable and durable, you can easily install the floor if an unforeseen situation occurs.

Let's talk about the stages of laying the floor from sip panels.

• To begin with, prepare the bars.

They will also be lags, beams that are inserted between the panels. Their length should allow you to easily lie on the foundation.

• The panels are cut with a saw in accordance with the required size.

You can remove the insulation if necessary with a thermal cutter. Please note that the gap between the insulation and the edge of the OSP board should not exceed 2-2.5 cm.

• The corner panel is used first when assembling.

• Next, the second panel is attached.

It is pre-foamed, the beam is attached and pressed. Further, everything is according to the same principle.

• The grooves around the perimeter are filled with boards 2.5 cm wide.

The algorithm of actions is simple: we fill the groove with mounting foam, insert the board, press it, fix it. Heavy equipment will allow you to lay the resulting structure. The part of the beam that protrudes is attached to the foundation with a steel angle.

5. Walls

The main task is to minimize panel joints, and only after that think about how to reduce waste.

The lower groove in two panels is filled with foam and put on a bed, these panels are installed in a corner, fixed with self-tapping screws.

Then the installation scheme is the same: we fill the groove and the bottom of the panel with foam, which we put on the bed, insert a square beam between the panels, press it, fix it.

After final assembly walls, we process the upper groove with foam, insert the strapping beam there, fix it with self-tapping screws.

6. Roof

Then we attach the overlapping beams to the upper strapping bars. The roof can be made of traditional rafters, which will rest on the grooves in the beams. Next, the crate is stuffed and the roof is laid.

For lovers of the attic, we can offer roof insulation. The space between the rafters is filled with insulation and covered with vapor barrier film. Outside, a waterproofing superdiffusion membrane can be stuffed onto the insulation.

It is much easier to insulate the space between horizontal beams than in the walls. In the overlap, the insulation does not give much shrinkage.

I want to pay attention to the beams ( wooden frames). Wood is a living material and can warp and crack. To avoid these troubles, you should first carry out drying in the chamber. But this is a budget and not the most reliable way.

The most rational is to use glued lumber(wooden I-beams, LVL beams). These materials are many times more expensive, but quality and safety are above all.

Before styling soft tiles, as well as other roofing should be carefully considered ventilation gap. Otherwise, the steam will not find a way out and will entail negative moments. Pay due attention to the vapor barrier of the joints, this can be done with adhesive tape.

We suggest watching the following video so that the above information is more understandable.

If the roof is planned to be made entirely of sip panels, then the installation starts from one edge and builds up along the ridge. First, the first rafters are installed and fixed with self-tapping screws, then the panels are fastened according to the already familiar algorithm.

Wiring

Separately, it should be said about the installation of electrical wiring. First of all, a scheme is developed, then the marking of the electrical mains and electrical points is done. Mounting bases for switches, sockets and lighting fixtures must be metal.

In the case of using metal pipes or sleeves ( hidden wiring) between them and the sandwich panels, fireproof material is laid - a box and PVC corrugation. At pipe bends, it must be welded or seated on threaded connection. A plastic insert is installed on the edges of the pipes.

The video below is an example of high-quality wiring. The lack of material is its excessive length, however, the authors recognize this minus and recommend watching before 10:27 and after 30:46.

Basic Mistakes

At self construction sip houses often try to save as much as possible, while making typical mistakes:

• Simplification of the power structure.

Under no circumstances should this be done. Installing a ceiling between floors with long panels, as well as installing a floor with solid slabs, will lead to a sad result in the future. The plates will loosen and begin to creak.

• total economy.

Saving time and money is, of course, good, but everything should be in moderation. No need to build a house from large sections of panels. Saving on timber and cutting parts, you endanger your living in the house.

• Low quality panels.

This can be the biggest nuisance in buying panels. Often in hardware stores you can find cheap handicraft sip panels. They have very poor gluing and such a building can simply be dangerous.

• Incorrect calculation of the mounting clearance.

It is also called an expansion gap, at the joints it should be 3 mm. However, following this recommendation is very difficult. You can simply trim the end panel if there is a slight discrepancy with the strapping.

In the very general view- building a house and installation technology are not difficult, although they require the well-known approach "measure seven times - cut one." In general, when compared with other materials and methods, building a house from sip panels can be done easily and quickly, 2-4 people can handle this task.

The construction of houses from sip panels is a novelty of the domestic construction market. If a European has not been surprised by such houses for 50-60 years, then for Russian developers this technology is an occasion for heated discussions.

Sip panels are a structure made of polystyrene foam layer, enclosed on both sides in OSB boards. The inner heat and sound insulating layer can be different thickness, it all depends on the future purpose of the panels. Thicker sip panels are bought for arranging the outer walls of winter buildings, and thinner panels are used for internal walls or for the arrangement of summer houses.

Advantages of the technology of building houses from sip panels

The main factor in the high popularity of this material for construction is the proper level of its factory readiness. That is, buying sip panels- the developer buys a product assembled according to the technology and ready for use. At the construction site, it remains only to correctly assemble the box of the house itself, which eliminates the marriage that occurs as a result of excessive "amateur" of the developer.

Advantages of sip panels

In addition, build with panels frame house the customer can do it himself, while saving quite an impressive amount.

Under the frame houses do not need a complex expensive foundation. Installation does not require a lot of manpower - everything can be done with your own hands, besides, you do not need to spend money on ordering special equipment, the panels are easy to carry by yourself.

Although frame houses have a significant number of advantages, panels for them are still produced by more than one manufacturer, there are a huge number of them, and each makes panels according to its own technology. So the assessment of the quality of the purchased material lies entirely with the buyer.

It is worth paying attention to the level of formaldehyde emission in the plates - it should be no more than E1 (this level is safe for humans). In addition, the inner layer of the board must be made of high quality self-extinguishing foam, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam.

Despite the fact that the thermal protection of such houses is one of the advantages, it also has one significant drawback: the house functions like a thermos, because OSB boards, saving energy, do not allow water vapor to pass through. Therefore, frame houses need mechanical ventilation technology. A recuperator unit that removes air from living rooms and heats cold air masses coming from the street is well suited for these purposes.

pad ventilation system in such houses it is thought out even at the design stage, otherwise, elements of plates tightly fitted to each other will tightly clog the box of the house, creating unsuitable living conditions inside.

The technology of laying a ventilation system in a house from sip panels

In addition, houses made of sip panels have poor sound insulation. Styrofoam and expanded polystyrene inside the boards are not soundproof materials, on the contrary, they conduct well and sometimes increase impact noise.

Of course, if your frame house is in the wilderness, there is no need to worry about extra noise, but if the house is in a rather busy place, you will have to strengthen its interior with noise-absorbing material with your own hands.

How to choose a foundation for a frame house?

Despite the fact that laying the foundation for a house made of sip panels does not require large expenses (about 20% of the total construction budget), you still have to make efforts and ingenuity. The thing is that the box of the house has an unusually low weight, plus, it is necessary to take into account the specific features of the soil, climate conditions, depth groundwater building site.

The main nuance associated with these houses is seasonal heaving of the soil, after which the entire box of the house can shift, crack or tilt. The best options for the foundation for them can be called:

1. Screw piles- a simple, quickly mounted, cheap foundation. screw pile- This is a steel tube to which the blade is attached, designed to be screwed into the soil. This foundation has a good bearing capacity, because in the process of screwing the blade into the ground, it does not loosen it, but, on the contrary, compacts it.
2. - rarely used technology. Unprofitable for developers, because it is suitable only for non-porous soils, while the rest will provoke its deformation after a season or two. To make such a foundation, it is necessary to remove 40 cm of soil, install a formwork with reinforcement and fill it with cement. The main disadvantage of such a foundation is the long drying of the concrete pour (up to a month). In addition, the underground of such a house will be ventilated much worse than in a pile house.
3. - A good option for slightly heaving soils. Its arrangement is a reinforced reinforced concrete thick slab lying on a bulk cushion. Such a foundation allows you to evenly distribute the load on the ground and protect the house from seasonal shifts.
4. - a good option for slightly heaving soil, much cheaper monolithic type. Such a foundation is a construction of separate slabs, located at the points of the corners of the future box of the house, at the junction of rooms and massive load-bearing beams.

How to do the installation of panels with your own hands?

Despite the fact that the procedure for building a frame house is simple and fast, in order to build it, you will need a lot of auxiliary tools, finishing materials and fasteners.

A careful calculation is made specifically in order to find out how much material will be spent on construction. This calculation should take into account all the locations of door and window openings, their width and height, as well as the thickness of all external and internal walls of the house and the place where communication networks are laid.

Panel country houses– installation technology

Do-it-yourself installation of panel houses is carried out as follows:

• waterproofing (for example, roofing material) and a strapping beam impregnated with an antiseptic substance are laid on the existing base of the foundation;
• on the strapping beam, with the help of screws, the starting boards are attached;
• standard width of sip panels: 125, 250 and 280 cm. They are attached to each other using special grooves into which wooden dowels are inserted. Fastening should take place without clearance, hermetically, with further blowing polyurethane foam so that the future building does not let the cold through;
• if the house stands on a shallow foundation, the starting boards are attached to composite panels, not strapping.

Roof laying

Roof panel fastening scheme

Building a roof in a panel house is very easy to do with your own hands. In addition to the fact that in this case you do not need to do the crate, he himself roofing cake it also does not need to be assembled, because the sandwich panel is a finished element.

You just need to lay the sip panels on the rafters, fix them with self-tapping screws, and, leaving a small ventilation gap, cover with a roof. Bituminous tiles and metal tiles are best suited.

In addition, if you have the means and can afford the services of a light crane, assemble the roof on the ground with your own hands, and then install it in place with a crane.

Exterior and interior decoration of the house with sip panels

Finishing, both internal and external, is done very quickly. Since the panels are smooth and even, the finishing cladding does not need to be pre-screeded and plastered.

However, before installing drywall and finishing, it is necessary to grind and seal the joints between the panels with a paint grid. In addition, before carrying out any finishing work, it is necessary to make holes for communications.

In rooms with high humidity(bathroom, toilet), joints are closed silicone sealant, and sip panels are overlapped in order to protect wall materials from getting wet. The floors in these rooms need to be additionally waterproofed or even laid with self-leveling acrylic floors.

Among the outdoor finishing methods, the most attractive are:

• thin plastic vinyl siding panels do not rot and perfectly protect from moisture;
• facade plaster- the most common finishing variation;
• corrugated board- light finishing material made of metal, characterized by its strength, resistance to rust;
• fiber cement is a strong, compressed slabs of cement (more than 90%) and cellulose.
• facade tiles- a cheap and popular material that imitates natural finishing elements.

Thus, having considered all the nuances and features of building houses from sip panels, we can conclude that positive characteristics material prevail over the negative.

In addition, the constant rise in the price of housing, especially apartments in cities, will soon make country frame houses the only way out for those who want to have personal real estate.

Below we list the pros and cons of using the technology of building houses from SIP panels.

Advantages:

• due to the high heat-saving characteristics of enclosing structures.
• More usable area - due to the small thickness of the walls, you can get 15-20% more usable area.
• Accelerated installation of the box at home (1-2 weeks).
• No need for an expensive foundation (enough, for example, installed in 1 day).
• Savings on heavy lifting equipment can significantly reduce construction costs.
• You can build houses all year round- they do not shrink, so finishing work can begin immediately after assembly.
• The assembly technology is simple, you can even build a house from a SIP panel with your own hands - this is within the power of anyone who follows the instructions and knows how to hold a screwdriver and a saw in their hands.

Flaws

• A small thermal inertia of the enclosing structures is characteristic of any frame houses.
• The high price of the material - however, this is more than offset by savings in foundation costs and a reduction in construction time.
• Enclosing structures do not breathe, and, therefore, an efficient device is needed - this disadvantage is also inherent in all frame houses.
• Flammability of building envelopes - but it is not higher than that of any wooden buildings.
• Release during combustion harmful substances- indeed, when melting polystyrene foam, styrene is released with a specific sweet smell. When its concentration in the air is more than 600 ppm (1 ppm = 4.26 mg / m3), it is dangerous to humans. But the smell of styrene becomes unbearable already at concentrations above 200 ppm, and this is an unambiguous signal for urgent evacuation.
• Amenable to rodents - although these animals are bred anywhere, there are cases when, in search of food, rats even gnawed through concrete.

Also on the market are cheaper products with linings 9 mm thick, but they are only suitable for walls and partitions of small one-story buildings.

Differences of the factory SIP panel

1. Inaccurate geometry. The shift of the plates relative to each other, the rhomboid or trapezoidal panels are easily detected using a square and a tape measure.
2. The use of low-quality OSB with low moisture resistance. Wet the surface of the panel liberally for an hour or two. If the chips begin to flake off, you have a defective product.
3. Low bond strength. This is perhaps the main feature of goods produced in a semi-handicraft way. You can check the product only by tearing off one of the plates from the insulation. A high-quality panel is torn not at the seam, but along the foam sheet.
4. Making the middle part of the panel from fragments polystyrene boards. To reduce the amount of waste, artisanal enterprises start cutting insulation, which negatively affects both strength and heat-insulating properties. The joints of the expanded polystyrene boards are easy to see at the ends of the panels.

Step-by-step construction of a house from SIP panels

Foundation

Firms that are engaged in the construction of houses from SIP panels recommend doing that fully meets the concept of a prefabricated building. Piles under a house with an area of ​​up to 150 m² can be installed in two or three days, and with the help of a special installation - in one day; assembling a grillage from a channel or timber strapping will also not take much time.

The force of frost heaving many times exceeds the load from light walls made of SIP panels. In such conditions, pile and insulated shallow foundations work best.

(their most common diameter is 108 mm, length - 2.5 and 3 m) are located under the outer and inner main walls, as well as crossbars (they are needed to reduce the spans of the beams) in increments of 1.5–2 m. Such a base leads well yourself on heaving soils and practically does not settle under light walls - provided that the laying depth was not determined randomly, but as a result of trial screwing with force measurement: the pile blades must rest on dense soil layers.

To serve for more than 50 years, you need to purchase piles of steel with a thickness of at least 4 mm with cast tips that resist corrosion much better than welded ones; after installation, they should be filled with concrete. One support, including installation, will cost 2400–2700 rubles, that is, the cost of a foundation for a house measuring 8 × 10 m will not exceed 100 thousand rubles. True, finishing the basement will require additional costs: you will have to carry out a pick-up from cement-bonded or glass-magnesite sheets (for tiling or stone lining) or decorative panels on the frame.

Main Alternative pile-screw foundation- a shallow-depth tape, traditional for summer cottage construction, with a width of 0.3–0.4 m and a height of 0.6–0.8 m. If you prepare concrete yourself, and not buy at the factory, then such a foundation will cost somewhat cheaper than a pile one, but the construction time will increase for at least 3 weeks. Pledge of reliability strip foundation- correctly made reinforcing cage, it should be designed in accordance with SP 63.13330.2012 (the main requirements are the presence of at least two reinforcing chords and a reinforcement ratio of at least 0.1%). The base of this foundation cannot be erected on heterogeneous soils with quicksand. Lightweight is optimally suited for swampy areas with strongly heaving and weakly bearing soils. The slab is poured over a sand and gravel drainage pad, a layer of extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of at least 100 mm and a waterproofing substrate. Minimum Thickness plates - 200 mm, and it must be reinforced with a two-level frame made of a bar with a diameter of 12 mm or more. To protect the walls from water (mainly melted water), a reinforced concrete plinth 0.3–0.5 m high should be erected along the contour of the slab. It is advisable to insulate the blind area and the plinth with 50 mm thick EPS sheets.

It is advisable to strengthen the foundation of steel piles with a grillage from a channel or an I-beam. The grillage rand beams must be welded to each other and, in addition, welded to the piles. Metal parts must be protected from corrosion and isolated from the wooden piping with rolled waterproofing.

When constructing a floating strip foundation, it makes no sense to delve into clay soil- it is better to build up the above-ground part, which will serve as a basement. Reinforcing cage should be knitted with galvanized wire. Connections must be strong and durable, because the frame must work as a whole throughout the entire life of the foundation.

Walls

Despite the fact that the technology is considered unified, each company and even the team has its own methods of assembling building envelopes - successful and not very successful.

Construction requires products of both standard and custom sizes- lintels over openings, piers, roofing elements, etc. Large companies with their own production line carry out cutting only in the factory. Small firms and "autonomous" teams often cut out the necessary fragments on the site using circular saw and a foam grater (using this tool, grooves are selected along the perimeter of the panels). With this method, there is a high risk of violation of the geometric dimensions of rooms and openings, the appearance of gaps at the joints of parts.

The construction technology provides for the installation of a hidden frame, the details of which are inserted into the grooves of the panels. Selected lumber should be used for the frame chamber drying impregnated with an antiseptic composition, and for floor beams it is desirable to use either a wooden I-beam. Alas, sometimes under-dried products are used, which can warp, which will lead to the appearance of cracks and deformation of walls and ceilings. The junction of panels with frame elements is always sealed with polyurethane foam. However, some teams are accustomed to assembling racks from two boards, simply pulling them together with self-tapping screws without any seam sealing. At the same time, a beam of 150 × 100 mm can be installed in the corners. It seems that this should increase the strength of the box at home, but in practice, such a solution only guarantees the freezing of the corner in a harsh winter.

SIP panels allow you to build buildings of complex configuration - with oblique corners and bay windows. True, at the same time, labor costs and the amount of waste increase, and hence the cost of 1 m2 of house area.

Roof

An attic or semi-attic floor can be built both with the help of SIP panels and traditional technology with insulation mineral wool or other materials.

Sometimes you can hear that a roofing cake based on SIP panels is more resistant to moisture (after all, polystyrene foam has extremely low water absorption). However, the constant presence of moisture (which can seep through roofing or enter from below in the form of steam) leads to the destruction of the panel facings (OSB). In addition, at temperatures above 80 ° C, the process of thermal destruction of expanded polystyrene begins.

Therefore, between SIP panels and roofing material, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap. You can not do without a layer of vapor barrier from the side of the premises, as well as a ventilated ridge.

The bearing part of the roof made of SIP panels includes a ridge beam, girders (parallel to the ridge bearing beams) and layered rafters, the function of which is performed by the bars between the panels. Installed panels cover with a continuous carpet of rolled vapor-permeable waterproofing, then mount the rack lathing to which the roofing is attached (for example, profiled steel sheets) or another layer of OSB, which serves as the basis for flexible shingles.

Only a forced supply and exhaust system with heat recovery, which will provide zonal air exchange, can radically change the situation for the better. The main element of such a system is the recovery unit. For a cottage with an area of ​​about 120 m 2, where a family of three or four people lives, an installation with a capacity of 180-250 m 3 / h is enough, the price of which will be 60-250 thousand rubles. depending on the design and manufacturer. The cost of the system with installation varies between 350-700 thousand rubles. without taking into account the cost of creating hidden cavities for laying ventilation ducts.

Finishing SIP panels

From the inside, the walls of SIP panels are in the vast majority of cases sheathed with drywall, the sheets of which can be attached directly to the internal OSB. The sheathing is made two-layer, providing channels for electrical wiring in the first layer (cables must be placed in protective corrugated pipes or PVC boxes). At traditional way installation of gypsum boards (using lathing from rails or steel) pipes and cables are laid in cavities under the skin.

Outside most often mounted hinged facade. In addition, plastering is possible, but in order to avoid cracks, it is advisable to use wet facade technology, with wooden planks, composite panels.

A sandwich panel is a design that consists of a heater and a few words roofing material and is used as the main construction material for the construction of buildings of varying complexity of design. For the manufacture of sandwich panels, only proven and suitable materials are used. The main material for the cover layer is usually "corrugated board" (galvanized steel coated with a polymer).

Heaters

When choosing sip panels, it is still better to seek help from specialists. But if this is not possible, it is worth studying the main types of heaters and their characteristics.

There are three main types of heaters:

• polystyrene (polystyrene foam);
• mineral wool (basalt insulation);
• polyurethane foam.

And each of these heaters has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Styrofoam filling in panel

Polyfoam is positioned as a heater, distinguished by its durability. In addition, it is an environmentally friendly material. Possesses properties of water resistance and is not afraid of the sun. But at the same time, such material is very flammable and burns quickly.

Mineral wool practically does not burn and is also harmless to health.

This insulation also tolerates biological and chemical effects well. But with a set of such important advantages, basalt insulation has a very low resistance to moisture.

Polyurethane foam is a poor conductor of heat and is easily flammable, but it has a high insulating threshold.

Polyurethane foam how to start for sandwich panel

The thickness of the building material, and, accordingly, the price directly depends on the thickness of the insulation itself.

The issue price of the SIP panel is 1,300 rubles per square meter. Its thickness is 174 mm, width is 1250 mm, height is 2500 mm.

In our country and the CIS countries, sandwich panels of the following sizes are used:

12+100+12=124 mm;

12+150+12=174 mm;

12+200+12=224 mm.

OSB (OSB)

OSB for SIP board

Acquaintance with the concept of OSB boards should begin with a general classification. There are four main types of OSB. Each of them differs from others only in its indicators of moisture resistance and strength.

• OSB 1 is a board with the lowest moisture resistance strength. This type of plate is often used in the assembly of light weight parts. The advantage of these plates is their low price.
• OSB 2 - has a low moisture resistance threshold and at the same time high strength. Such plates are used mainly for the production of furniture, sometimes for load-bearing elements. Less commonly, OSB 2 is used in the construction industry, and then only for internal structures.
• OSB 3 is one of the most popular board types. These boards combine strength and moisture resistance at a nice price. They are used more often in construction for the construction of both facade and interior finishes. Sometimes OSB 3 acts as a roofing material or floor.
• OSB 4 - these OSB boards have the highest threshold of strength and moisture resistance. They are used for the construction of structures with a high level of load and in areas with high humidity.

Construction of houses from sandwich panels: advantages and disadvantages

Like any material, the use of sandwich panels has both advantages and disadvantages.

First about pleasant. The main advantage of this building material is the conformity of its quality, which is evidenced by the high strength of the material, relative to the price. This factor plays a very important role in the calculation construction estimate. After all, the use of this material significantly reduces costs. Due to the lightness of the panels, the weight is lightened general design, which means that there is no need for a reinforced foundation.

See more projects of houses in the section "Projects of houses" on our website.

Do-it-yourself sandwich-panel house

Building a house from SIP panels - how to assemble a constructor

The first thing that will be needed in this matter is the project of the future building. Special attention should be paid to its construction, not forgetting about the requirements and wishes. If it is not possible to build it yourself based on the complexity of the calculations, then there are a lot of companies ready to help in this matter. We will try to show you all the stages of construction in a photo report, with step by step instructions. But, all houses are individual, our photo can only be considered as an information guide.

By the way, not only houses, but also extensions to residential buildings can be built from SIP panels. They can accommodate verandas or kitchens.

The next step is to order SIP - panels or their independent production. You can order them directly at the enterprise that is engaged in production. Here you can also view catalogs and choose everything you need for subsequent installation. When choosing panels, do not forget about the foundation - the foundation. For a structure made of such material, usually, the foundation is installed on screw piles.

Water supply, heating and electricity for the future house must be diluted even before the foundation is poured.

To avoid curvature of corners or mismatch in height, all panels must be checked for integrity and dimensional conformity before installation. If inaccuracies are noticed, contact the supplier for a replacement material.

After the foundation is poured, you need to make it strapping with wooden beam. Then the corners are set and holes are made using a percussion tool. Using these holes, the beam is fastened to concrete with 12 mm anchors. Recommended distance 2.5 m. Further, the building itself is assembled on the established foundation. The assembly is started with a zero overlap, while the first SIP panels are laid on the timber.

Wall frames are assembled from timber. A mortgage board is fixed along its perimeter with special nails. The main thing here is to maintain vertical calibration and frame angles. After all, if you miss at least 1 mm somewhere, the wall will turn out to be a curve and there will be no possibility to correct it. After installing the frame, panels are applied to it.

After the construction of the general structure, the sealing of the holes begins. The joints and corners of the panels are filled with edged boards measuring 25 * 100 mm. All cracks are sealed with foam.

Ceilings between floors and all bearing structures it is better to make wooden. You can use both timber and boards. Photos of the stages of construction are just below.

Foundation for a house from SIP panels

The foundation is, first of all, the foundation of the building. It transfers the entire load of the building to the underlying soil layers. In addition to the strength of the foundation itself, you need to consider:

• the total area of ​​​​support on the soil;
• the support capability of the soil itself;
• groundwater levels.

Experts consider the excessive abundance of concrete and metal in it to be the most common mistake when pouring the foundation.

The most popular types of foundation are:

• pile (pile-tape);
• columnar (column-tape);
• monolithic shallow slabs;
• tape deepening;
• tape deepening with a plinth.

But, it is worth noting that among this variety, for frame panel houses, shallow penetration would be the best option.

Laying a strapping (crown) timber

For laying, a timber with a size of 2.5 * 1.5 cm is taken. Laying should begin from the middle of the foundation, while measuring its horizontal calibration. Next, the beam must be connected at the corners with a notch. After that, the details are fixed. For proper fixing, holes are drilled in the timber in a length of 1–1.5 cm with a diameter of 2 cm and the dowel is driven.

The fastening of the beam to the foundation is done using anchor bolts with drowning. The fastening distance is about 1.5–2 m. The size of the bolts should be 35 cm long with a diameter of 1–1.2 cm.

Arrangement of the floor in the house from SIP panels

Another proof of the distinctive properties of Canadian construction technology is the flooring technology.

Floors and ceilings are also built from SIP panels.

Although many contractors recommend laying a regular wooden floor with insulation between the joists and beams in such houses. These floors are reliable and more durable. In addition, this floor will be easier to disassemble or repair.

Building walls from SIP panels

When building walls, you need to carefully choose source material, because the quality of the future home largely depends on its quality. The best option for outdoor work there will be a beam with a diameter of 15 cm. As for the height, here is a minimum of 1.5 m. For the inside, 10 * 15 cm is suitable. These are acceptable sizes that will help save on consumable, will minimize the number of seams and joints and achieve perfect smoothness of future walls. Assembling the walls is not easy, you need experience.

Before laying the timber in the crowns, all materials must be adjusted in accordance with the height and give them desired shape. For corner connections it is better to use the “half-tree” or “tied with a root spike” method. Connections of the outer parts are best done with a cut or on veneers. A internal sections it is better to connect both joints and corners with a half frame.

To begin, direct installation is necessary with the laying of a crown beam treated with an antiseptic agent into the foundation.

Arrangement of the roof in the house from SIP panels

The roof for a house built using this technique can be the most common truss. This type of roof is characterized by support in the form of grooves or Mauerlat, which are cut into beams on attic floor. The rafters are installed on the supports, the crate is stuffed on them and the roofing material is laid.

As for insulation, for a cold attic there is no need for it. But if the plans are to install an attic, then it is worth putting a heater between the rafters and covering it with a vapor barrier film.

In addition to the truss, no less popular is the roof of SIP panels. For this type, the first step is to install the starting rafters, which are bolted to the Mauerlat. And only after that comes the laying of the panels. The panels are mounted on one side of the roof, gradually increasing the height in length with the ridge. As soon as work with the first skate is completed, you can proceed to the next one.

This installation method is more painstaking than traditional, but no less reliable.

Facade finishing

Facade finishing is the final stage of construction. Each owner makes it according to his taste and financial capabilities. Among the finishing options are now very popular: facing brick, siding, decorative plaster.

Video

look interesting video about building a house from SIP panels.