Ventilated facade: what it is, device, installation. Ventilated facades Installation of hinged facade panels

Updated:

2016-09-23

In modern construction, the installation of a ventilation facade is becoming more and more popular. These facade ventilated systems differ significantly from the decoration of the exterior walls of the house that many of us are used to. External finishing should make the building attractive, plus protect it from weather and mechanical influences. In this component, even ordinary plaster does the job well. But if you want a durable and highly efficient finish, we recommend that you turn your attention to the ventilation facade.

Ventfacad is a special construction for exterior wall decoration. With its help, the heat loss of buildings is significantly reduced, the system helps to protect against external negative influences.

In short, the ventilation facade includes a frame made of steel or aluminum, which is mounted on the walls with special fasteners. Decorative cladding is provided on top.

But when arranging the facade, an intermediate layer is additionally used, which includes thermal insulation, waterproofing, etc.

Important structural elements of a ventilated facade

If you study the design of the profile for the ventilation facade and the ventilation facade itself, which is recommended to do the same as the installation starts, then several important components should be highlighted in it.

Fastening system. The fastening system of ventilation facades is a supporting profile, the installation of which on the walls is carried out with brackets. Brackets allow you to adjust the distance between the guides and the wall itself. This does not need to be aligned. Due to this, the installation of ventilation facades is considered simpler, faster and easier to perform than the same plaster finish. The supporting elements of the frame are mounted on the wall surfaces using anchor bolts or dowels.
Insulation layer. High-quality ventilation façade provides highly effective thermal insulation of the house and structure. All types of heaters available on the modern market can be used as a thermal insulation material. At the same time, experts recommend using two insulation materials at the same time, and with different density indicators. So the result of the work carried out turns out to be higher than expected.
Moisture protection and wind barriers. Above the insulation layer under the decorative cladding of the ventilation façade, a membrane is to be installed. It provides the necessary protection against moisture and air currents. As you know, an important feature of ventilation facades is the ventilation gap. Hence the name of the structures. To securely fix the windscreen, adhesive tapes are used. This event is a must if you want to get really reliable hinged modern ventilation facades.
Facing. You should talk about it in more detail.

Cladding for ventilated facades

Cladding for a ventilated facade plays an important role not only in terms of visual appeal. Cladding materials have an additional effect on sound insulation, thermal insulation and other technical characteristics.

It is between the finishing layer of finishing and the previous layers (insulation, wind barrier, etc.) that a ventilation gap is created. Its device is required. It is this layer that allows you to achieve the effect of a thermos. This allows the house not to warm up in summer in extreme heat, as well as maintain a favorable microclimate in winter, during frosts.

Various manufacturers offer a wide range of ventilated facades today, in which the facing layer is made from a variety of materials. The most popular cladding options include:

Plastic panels;
Composite panels;
Porcelain stoneware slabs;
Fiber cement slabs;
Aluminum panels;
Steel panels, etc.

Before starting the installation of ventilation facades, decide what exactly you want to get as a result. A high-quality installation of ventilated facades is carried out today using a very wide range of facing materials that differ in color, texture, shape and other characteristics.

Here, the choice is mainly based on individual preferences, but not rarely on financial capabilities. Nevertheless, the price of a ventilated facade starts from several thousand rubles per m2. And if there are a lot of these m2, then the costs of installing ventilation facades will be significant.

The secrets to the success of ventilated facades

It would seem like a metal profile, fasteners, insulation and cladding. This is the whole point of ventilated facades, the price of which per m2 is quite impressive. But it is a worthy alternative to traditional exterior wall finishes. Such a device in practice proves its effectiveness and a high level of reliability and quality. It is quite simple to install such systems, and their cost cannot be called overstated.

To achieve an excellent insulation and cladding result, it is important:

Correctly mount the profile of the ventilated facade;
Align the brackets to achieve optimal evenness of the walls;
Apply high-performance thermal insulation materials;
Do not forget about the need for a wind barrier and a moisture protective layer in the design;
Calculate the number of m2 of surfaces to be clad with ventilated facades;
Follow the manufacturer's instructions, which may have their own nuances.

When the profile is of a high quality, the instructions are followed, and the cost matches the planned estimate, you get one of the best facade finishing options. Can we say that plaster is a worthy alternative for a ventilated facade? Unlikely. Ventfacad is a more modern, highly efficient and multi-tasking design.

Features of ventilated facades

Ventfacad has been used in the world for about 50 years. Since the appearance of the first variations of ventilated facades, their design has been improved, a varied profile has been used, and modern facing materials have been installed. Manufacturers are doing their best to increase quality while reducing cost.

The result was not long in coming. The cost of highly efficient ventilated facades is gradually decreasing, they are becoming available to everyone who plans to insulate and decorate beautifully the walls of their house, cottage, summer cottage, regardless of the number of m2 surfaces.

There are several key features that have led to the high popularity of ventilated facades.

Elements of the facade system, high quality profile and the entire structure as a whole can increase the operational characteristics of the building. At the very least, the ventilation façade increases the sound insulation and thermal insulation performance. No alternative to ventilation facades gives such results.
The bearing profile, decorative cladding and intermediate layers of insulation and protection in the construction of ventilated facades allow achieving excellent results in terms of protection against adverse external influences.
Ventilated facades change, transform the appearance of buildings. Such a device allows you to turn a nondescript house into a real work of architectural art. At the same time, the cost of the structure is more than adequate.

Key Benefits

The device of ventilation facades allows you to get a lot of advantages. Still, hinged systems have three of the most important benefits. Largely because of them, consumers cease to be an interesting alternative, and they choose exclusively modern systems.

The technology is striking in its versatility. Regardless of the date of construction, the materials from which the house was built, the condition of the walls, the number of m2, all houses and structures can be finished with ventilation facades.
The indoor microclimate is significantly improved. The comparatively high cost of structures is wholly and completely compensated by the efficiency of its work. In practice, it has been proven that ventilated facades keep warm in winter and keep a pleasant chill in summer.
Ease of installation, available to everyone. Everyone can master the technology of installing ventilation facades with their own hands. To do this, sometimes it is enough to look at the photo and video instructions, choose a high-quality profile, measure the number of m2 of walls, and get to work. The use of special equipment, special tools is not required.
Price. The cost of systems is constantly falling, but their efficiency is increasing. Great prospect, isn't it ?!

Ventilated facades are an excellent alternative to outdated technologies, which are much more difficult to implement, but significantly inferior to hinged systems in terms of efficiency, reliability and durability. Venta diat installation has many advantages. The current price for ventilation facades also applies to them. It is better to let the installation be professional so that the ventilation works for a long time and efficiently.

The advantages of ventilated facades are obvious

Ventilated facades are becoming more and more popular in modern construction. The requirements for the exterior of buildings cover a variety of tasks, from functional to aesthetic. It is the use of a metal frame with fixed decorative cladding panels that often becomes the only correct solution. The frame is usually steel or aluminum with the help of special hardware installed outside a one- or multi-storey building for private or commercial purposes. Then, special materials are installed to create ventilated facades, the performance of which is significantly superior to traditional plasters and painting.

The main distinguishing properties of ventilated facades:

The versatility of technology. Suspended ventilated facades are successfully used for external finishing of buildings of any purpose and type.
Fast installation. Facades of this type are mounted on a building without special preliminary preparation of the construction object.
Protective functions. The ready-made curtain facade is a kind of building envelope, which successfully protects the entire structure from atmospheric and other destructive environmental factors.
Exterior variety. With the help of hinged ventilated facades, you can create almost any shape and texture, adopted in modern architecture or imitating antiquity. The outer surface of the walls can be tiled with ceramic tiles, plastic panels, wood, etc.
Ease of repair. Damaged structural elements can be easily dismantled and replaced with new ones.
Suitability for restoration work. Dilapidated and destroyed facades can be successfully repaired using this technology.
Durability. The service life of ventilation facades is over 30 years.
Thermal insulation properties. The layered structure and special properties of the materials used make it possible to save on heating and cooling of buildings equipped with these facades.

Ventilated facade construction

Fastening system. The fastening system of the ventilation facade consists of dowels and screws (anchoring elements), special fasteners, as well as connection elements (bearing profiles and brackets). Adjustment of the distance between the guides and the wall is carried out by means of aluminum brackets passed through a layer of insulation. Thus, there is no need to pre-level the walls before installing the curtain wall.

Insulation. The insulating layer of a curtain wall can be made of a wide variety of materials. However, most often builders choose double-density mineral wool slabs as insulation.

Moisture and windproof membrane. The insulating layer is covered with a special membrane on top. It protects the vulnerable layer of the ventilation facade from the effects of strong air currents. And also protects the structure from absorbing atmospheric moisture during precipitation or seasonal increase in the relative humidity of the air and other adverse environmental influences.

Air layer. The air interlayer gives the structure the special properties of a thermos. Thanks to this structural feature of the ventilated facade, the internal premises of the building acquire protection from temperature influences and their significant fluctuations in the off-season. Such rooms store heat for a long time in winter and slowly heat up in summer heat.

Finishing finish. For cladding the ventilation facade, many different materials are used. Their assortment is wide and varied, it allows you to realize almost any design fantasy. These can be porcelain stoneware slabs, fiber cement slabs and composite materials. Lightweight plastic panels such as vinyl siding. As well as heavy-duty and wear-resistant zinc-plated steel panels. The range of colors and the choice of texture of the facing material, without exaggeration, is endless.

Installation features... How is a ventilated facade arranged?

The preparatory stage for the installation of a hinged ventilated facade is needed when the building is old and dilapidated. It is necessary to remove from the external walls all unnecessary removable structures (old signs, billboards and their elements, lighting fixtures, brackets and decorative elements). Also, if necessary, peel off a layer of lagging plaster or other flaking parts of the decor that has become unusable. You should also putty significant cracks and chips, traces of other relatively deep destruction on the bearing walls.

Next, you should go to the marking and placement of beacons under the ventilated facade. Note that the preparatory phase is not required for most new buildings. After all, insignificant irregularities of the rough facade will be successfully repaid by a special design of fasteners and a soft insulation.

After marking and placing the beacons, the frame is assembled from a metal profile. The choice of a profile depends on the severity of the materials that will subsequently be fixed on it, as well as on the operating conditions of the building. Most frames are made of stainless steel, galvanized steel or lightweight aluminum. The anti-corrosion properties, durability and reliability of these materials make it possible to guarantee the service life of the ventilation facade at least 3 decades.

Much attention should be paid to the features of the fasteners. The larger the load is planned on the anchor, the more it should be recessed into the wall, the larger its diameter should be. It is also important to take into account the material from which the load-bearing wall is made, its thickness. The correct choice of fasteners will distribute the load properly, protect the walls from excessive forces, and protect them from deformation and destruction.

Curtain wall materials are attached in two ways: visible and hidden. In the first case, clamps with flat legs are used. If desired, they are selected by color or painted in the color of the facing material. This is a more economical way. In the second, self-expanding anchors (collets) are used, which are more expensive than standard fasteners.

Together with the installation of a metal profile on the wall, other functional structures are fixed. For example, drain brackets, ebb and slope brackets and other required external building equipment. At the junction of the brackets with the base, thermal spacers are installed, which serve to reduce heat transfer.

Insulation is an important part of the VF design. Insulation plates should be installed starting from the bottom row. They should fit snugly enough to each other both vertically and horizontally.

If the ventilation facade during the operation of the building must perform an essential function of thermal insulation, then 2 layers of insulation are installed. It is desirable that the layers of insulation differ, both in physical and geometric parameters. Then a softer and more pliable material is installed closer to the wall, capable of absorbing the unevenness of the rough wall. And for the top layer of the "cake" use a denser and more stubborn material. In this case, as mentioned above, the joints of the layers should not coincide so that the seams overlap each other, thereby providing reliable protection against the temperature effects of the environment.

Arrangement of ventilated curtain facades involves the use of a vapor-permeable wind and moisture protective film. Each slab is first fixed with 2 dowels to the load-bearing wall, then covered with several layers of film, and only after that it is finally fixed with the required number of dowels. The use of a special adhesive tape allows you to process the seams of the film according to the technology.

It should be noted that the film, unlike most heaters, is combustible, therefore its use lowers the fire safety of the entire structure of the VNF, and in some cases even contributes to the destruction of the facade.

Finishing the facade also begins with the installation of vertical profiles. After all, this is the only way to build an air cushion between the top layer of insulation and finishing materials. This air layer provides air circulation and reduces the thermal conductivity of the façade.

In the choice of fasteners, one should first of all be guided by the weight of the facing finishing materials. If you plan to use heavy enough materials, it is preferable to use a steel profile and appropriate hardware. Aluminum fasteners are suitable for light and medium-sized cladding materials. It is impossible to use aluminum cassettes together with a galvanized frame, as such a combination can lead to premature wear of the structure due to corrosion.

Competent design, correct selection of materials and the use of high-quality materials in the construction of a ventilated curtain wall make it possible to predict with confidence its long service life and high-quality performance of the main functions: protection against the penetration of heat and cold into the room, sheltering the building from moisture, precipitation, dust and dirt, as well as the aesthetic appeal of the structure.

Tips formountingathinged ventilated facades

In modern construction, hinged ventilated facades are at a high level of demand. An increasing number of contractors are introducing such structures into the project. This state of affairs is natural, since the ventilation facade is not only a beautiful appearance, but also additional insulation of the building, while maintaining the internal space. This means savings on heating and cooling of premises during the operation of the facility.

With such a growing popularity, however, the construction of a ventilated facade is a rather laborious stage of construction, for which it is recommended to hire professionals who know certain techniques and follow the given rules.

What are these rules and professional techniques? Let's mark the most important of them. First of all, the algorithm for the construction of the VNF should be observed.

So at the preparatory stage, careful and detailed work is needed to calculate the dimensions of the building, the thickness of the walls.

Buildings made of aerated concrete blocks, hollow bricks and similar materials, giving walls with a density below 600 kg / m2, practically cannot be equipped with a ventilated facade. Compliance with SNiP and other regulatory documents regulates the distance of the dowel from the spoon and butt seams of the masonry. Accordingly, 2.5 and 6 cm.

Thermal insulation boards for VF, as a rule, are supplied with instructions according to which they are installed. A prerequisite for their installation is the rupture of the vertical seams, in other words, each subsequent row of insulation is attached with an offset (usually half the horizontal cut).

The installation of the brackets, selected in proportion to the thickness of the insulation and the material for the cladding, is carried out according to the marking made using precise instruments. An error of 0.5 cm per 10 meters of the facade is recognized as a building defect.

According to ND, a punch for drilling holes for dowels is not used when installing ventilated curtain walls. However, this rule is often not followed by unscrupulous construction crews. A special spacer must be inserted between each bracket and the wall of the draft facade. This helps to reduce heat loss, and also creates a certain gap that can absorb the deformation of the structure during operation.

Let's go back to such an element of the ventilation facade as a membrane / reference to membranes /. This integral attribute of a modern ventilated curtain facade takes on the main protective function of the facade itself and the building as a whole. Modern technologies for the manufacture of windproof films make it possible to make this material such that, preventing the penetration of wind, external moisture and dust, it simultaneously removes water vapor from the inside of the structure. Thus, the structure of the ventilated facade "breathes".

Priceventilated facade

The price of a ventilated facade consists of:
- prices of insulation, membranes and finishing materials,
- the cost of components (profile, brackets, other hardware),
- the cost of work.
And it is multiplied by the area of the covered surface of the building.
The cost of work can be fixed per square meter, or it can depend on the price of raw materials.

Ventilated facades can be conditionally divided into 3 price categories:

Economy option. An aluminum or zinc profile and inexpensive insulation are used. The external decorative layer is chosen from three options: stone chips, plastic panels or wood finishing materials.
The most common plastic panels are siding. It is a lightweight material that is attached to the lathing. Its front side can be of almost any color and texture. The popularity of the material during the reconstruction of old facades is also explained by the fact that siding does not require perfect alignment of the load-bearing wall for itself.

The blockhouse is especially fond of the consumer made of wooden materials. Wall cladding with a blockhouse gives the room an appearance similar to that of buildings made of rounded logs. At the same time, the standard thickness of the board is 15-17 mm, i.e. it is light enough. The blockhouse is assembled as a constructor, with the help of spikes and grooves it is connected without crevices and errors.

The economy version of the VF is an inexpensive, but durable and beautiful facade that successfully performs the function of thermal protection of the building.

Dear WF provides for the use of a stainless steel profile. For cladding, aluminum composite materials are used. The choice of these materials is due to the focus on long-term operation of the facade, because the warranty period for their service is at least 50 years.

All other VF variations belong to the middle price category. Note that facing a medium-sized facade in the price range most often involves the use of porcelain stoneware tiles. The variety of shades, textures and textures of porcelain stoneware allows you to make facades that fit into any design projects: from classical to late modern.

The design of the VF can be changed to suit the needs and wallet of each consumer. The number of layers of insulation, features of fasteners, cladding can be the ones that you need.

The First Supply Company will always help you to choose the optimal materials at the most loyal prices for the installation of a ventilated facade of any complexity: from simple and inexpensive to multi-layer and made of the most durable materials.

The device of a ventilated facade is a responsible event, the correct implementation of which depends on the observance of technological nuances and the choice of a material suitable for the work. This design is intended to improve the technical characteristics of the facility and save it from numerous problems. Due to the presence of a gap between the cladding and the base, air flows freely circulate, which do not violate the protective properties of the surface.

Ventilated facades play an important role in maintaining the durability and reliability of the building. The fact is that it is thanks to their structure that the walls do not lose the possibility of free steam exchange. Simply put, they breathe. This avoids the accumulation of moisture, which leads to the destruction of the structure, as well as the appearance of mold and mildew. A "pillow" is formed, which protects the building from seasonal temperature fluctuations and creates a more comfortable environment for indoor living.

What is such a construction? Ventfacad is an external cladding of a private or multi-storey building, which has a technical gap between the base (insulation) and the finishing material. In addition, there are openings in the front part that provide free air flow.

To arrange a ventilated facade with your own hands for a cottage or house, you do not need to have special skills and use complex equipment. But work with industrial, warehouse or high-rise residential buildings requires special approvals and calculations, depending on the specifics of the object.

Varieties of designs

The existing types of ventilated facades differ in the materials used and the general installation technology.

Frame option

This is the simplest and most popular method. Its peculiarity is that a metal, wooden or combined lathing is erected along the perimeter of the building. It can include a number of layers that are needed to keep warm, protect the house from excess moisture and better steam exchange.

When erecting the frame, the following materials are used as external cladding:

Porcelain stoneware. These are products of artificial origin, made from pressed and fired clay. It is produced in the form of plates, which are distinguished by their high weight and good resistance to impacts. The peculiarity of fixing porcelain stoneware is that the elements are installed on the frame using special clamps (brackets). Gaps are formed between the fragments, which contribute to better ventilation. But this option needs enhanced protection against moisture penetration.
Composite or other types of panels. The production technology makes it possible to obtain a reliable and lightweight material that has excellent properties. Installation of panels can be done in various ways that allow you to create an open or closed joint. In this case, open spaces can be equipped with a special moisture-proof screen.
Glass panels. They are mainly used when working with multi-storey office or industrial facilities. Difficult to operate, therefore, installation is carried out only by professionals.

Advantages and disadvantages of frame ventilation facades

Frame structures have a number of advantages that distinguish them from other methods of creating external cladding.

Advantages:

Fast erection. With all the components in place, installation can be done in a short time. In addition, if the wall is without significant damage, serious preparation is not needed.
Protection. The design reliably protects the house from various kinds of influences, and also increases the durability, since there is no stagnation of moisture due to free vapor permeability.
Decorativeness. Thanks to the wide range of materials for cladding, you can choose an option that will meet all your requirements and preferences.

There are also disadvantages:

The need for a clear and correct performance of work. It is technical errors (inappropriate size of the gap, lack of additional ventilation holes) that lead to undesirable consequences.
Difficulty using products laid on glue. So, the use of artificial and natural stone or clinker tiles is very difficult. But there is a way out: when choosing such products, the frame is pre-strengthened and sheathed with tiled materials. The work must be carried out with special care, because serious requirements are imposed on the design.

In any case, ventilated facades are gaining more and more popularity. This is facilitated by the variety of finishing products and the durability of the surface. With a properly erected frame, the outer cladding can be easily replaced with a more modern one.

It is used in the absence of a crate. This technology involves the use of materials that are installed at some distance from the surface. A classic example is facing brick. The masonry is mounted so that a ventilation gap is formed. For its functioning, in the lower and upper rows of bricks, areas are left without mortar between the parts. Often the top row is laid out with a gap, which is covered with a decorative strip.

On a note! This method is more time consuming. To obtain a high-quality result, it is necessary to observe many nuances, including correctly distributing the reinforcement or wire bundle. Therefore, the first option is preferable, especially when doing it yourself.

Features of the device of a ventilated facade

Such facades have a certain device diagram, which should not be violated:

The top layer is cladding made of any suitable material. It should not be allowed to create a continuous coating completely devoid of holes.
Frame racks. They hold the finish with special fasteners.
Ventilation gap. It is he who creates the desired effect and protects the structure from moisture accumulation and temperature changes.
Membrane. Covers insulating material and promotes vapor permeability.
Insulation layer. For this, products that are suitable in terms of parameters are used.
Fixing the frame. The brackets are installed in different ways, the preferable is fastening directly to the base.

When the object is located next to a source of strong noise, an additional layer of sound insulation is applied.

Installation technology

To create a ventilated structure with your own hands, you must perform a number of sequential steps.

The result will be a facade that will reliably protect the house from various influences and create a special microclimate.

It took root in Russia at the end of the last century. The first users highly appreciated the design's operational advantages, its aesthetic appearance and versatility. The main advantage of a ventilated facade is its ability to remove condensate in the free space between the cladding and the wall. Despite the popularity of this design, the question remains: "Ventilated facade - what is it?" Of course, this is not only a hinged frame and panels fixed on it. A whole range of additional fasteners is involved in the installation. At the same time, there are various installation schemes and approaches to the selection of materials for component elements.

Ventilated facade construction

The device of the ventilation façade system is focused on ensuring reliability, visually attractive appearance and optimal humidity conditions. All of the above qualities are achieved thanks to the external facing coating, the base in the form of a frame, as well as layers of insulation. The result is a reliable, efficient and easy-to-care “cake”, the components of which may vary.

Cladding, frame metal and thermal insulation are selected from a wide range of materials based on the requirements of a particular building. One way or another, this set of components allows you to better understand the answer to the question: "Ventilated façade - what is it?" It is a structure designed to protect walls with high-strength decorative cladding and a metal frame. In this case, the configuration of the placement of these layers can be different and depend on the climatic conditions and technical requirements of the project. For example, if it is necessary to increase the resistance of the facade to vapor permeation, technologists reduce the presence of heat transfer elements.

Ventilation façade subsystems

The subsystem in the construction of the ventilation facade is the basis, which is formed by brackets and profiles. This component provides direct fixation to the building and acts as the basis for mechanical fastening of decorative panels. The profile for ventilated facades, which can be represented by aluminum alloy, galvanized or stainless steel, assumes the greatest loads. For private cottages, as a rule, an aluminum subsystem is used. It is an inexpensive and easy-to-install material with strength characteristics that are optimal for small houses. Galvanized steel is also favorable for the price, but its durability leaves much to be desired. Under the influence of corrosion, such profiles become unusable after 6-7 years, requiring replacement. Aluminum and stainless steel are more profitable in this sense.

Not the last place in the frame is occupied by fasteners, including rivets, and various clamps. Hardware in this case cannot be considered as universal fastening methods, since each subsystem requires an analysis for the compatibility of component parts, including the calculation of a profile-fastener combination. In addition, the ventilated façade subsystem is responsible for the formation of an air gap between and the heat insulator layer. The gap is a prerequisite in the installation of ventilation facades, ignoring which you can get a finish with characteristics that run counter to the project.

Ventilated facade units

For each system, the corresponding architectural and structural nodal points are developed. They also involve the use of fasteners, the technical design of which may differ. Due to the presence of such elements, a high strength of the subsystem is achieved. At the same time, the choice of technology for its execution depends on the installation method according to which a particular ventilated facade is implemented. Nodes for standard designs can be of the following types:

Assembly of fasteners to the bearing base. It is carried out using a bracket that fixes the profiles to the wall of the building.
Assembly for fastening profiles to brackets.
Node for fastening the slopes of the ventilation facade - this system can be represented in the form of framing the door and window openings of the house.
Fixing nodes for building corners. Such fastening of ventilated facades involves the use of special corner hardware and racks.
Basement units - located in the lower and upper parts of the walls.

Cladding material

From the point of view of decorative properties, it is the main part of the facade, which represents the shell of the house. Fastening of the cladding elements to the profiles is carried out so that an air niche remains between the panels and the insulation layer. Once again, you can return to the question of a ventilated facade - what is it? Of course, in the eyes of ordinary users of the building, this is just the external design. Designers and installers think about the technical device and fastening systems, and at the end, the aesthetic merits of the facing material are primarily assessed. Metal panels, stone slabs, siding and even glass with wood cope with this function.

The greatest popularity was nevertheless won by porcelain stoneware with the mechanical strength of ceramic granite determined its organic place in the systems of ventilation facades. It protects the surface of the building from atmospheric influences and is itself wear-resistant, and the variety of textures makes it the optimal solution for such tasks. Composite, which are based on lightweight concrete and synthetic fiber, form serious competition for porcelain stoneware. In addition to high strength, ventilated composite facades based on fiber cement provide a decorative effect. With their help, they imitate rocky and stone surfaces, as well as recreate the texture of traditional cladding - for example, tiles, bricks, plaster and other coatings.

Wooden ventilation facades

In such a responsible enterprise, the use of metal structures is quite justified. However, ultra-high strength does not always become the main requirement for the exterior design of the house. So, the cost of the structure, the ease of its execution and environmental properties may come to the fore. For example, for frame-panel buildings, engineers are increasingly recommending the use of a wooden ventilated facade. What is it in terms of economy - the answer is clear (cost savings on profiles and brackets), but there are still conflicting judgments about strength. The structure is based on a beam, which is undoubtedly inferior in many respects to the same aluminum. Nevertheless, the wooden lathing is subjected to a special treatment before use, which brings it closer to the optimal characteristics required for ventilated facades.

Ventilation facade installation

Work begins by marking the attachment points of the brackets on the wall surface. This is followed by the direct installation of the supporting fasteners for the subsystem: creating holes, inserting anchor dowels and fixing the brackets. After that, they begin to install the windproof film and insulation. The insulating panels are hung on the surface through the slots for the brackets. Thermal insulation boards are installed in combination with the foil by means of dowels. At the next stage, the installation of facades involves the installation of guides. For this, the profiles are installed in the grooves of the brackets and finally fixed with rivets. The work is completed by installing the facing plates to the guide profiles - this is done with clamps or

Ventfacade and solar energy

The arrangement of the panels is beneficial for solar energy processing. This innovative solution is implemented using photovoltaic batteries. Already today there are many projects for private use that provide for "solar" cladding. Despite the seeming complexity of such technologies, the installation of facades with photovoltaic cells is quite simple. The only difference from traditional technology is the integration of solar cells including a photovoltaic system. According to the developers of such models, the facades will be able to generate up to 200% of the energy required to maintain a house.

Price question

Many factors affect the cost of the structure, but the main ones are the material for the subsystem and the cladding with which ventilated facades are formed. The price of systems based on aluminum is 500-600 rubles. for 1 m 2. The very same porcelain stoneware for the facade can cost 300-400 rubles. Structures made of galvanized subsystems are more affordable - the payment for 1 m 2 rarely exceeds 200 rubles. But it is important to take into account that the cost is reduced quite reasonably, since a less strong and durable frame made of galvanized steel in the future may require reconstruction or complete renovation of the facade.

Conclusion

Ventilated structures rightly occupy a leading position among facade design technologies. This is largely facilitated by the set of materials from which such systems are mounted. High-strength fasteners, aluminum and stainless steel, reliable and aesthetic porcelain stoneware are just some of the advantages that ventilated facades have. The price of a high-quality construction is 500 rubles. for 1 m 2, of course, is not a plus, but it is almost impossible to get a facade similar in characteristics at a lower cost. Ventilated facades have gone far from competitors not only in terms of strength and decorativeness, but also in terms of ease of maintenance, which reduces operating costs.

Ventilated facades are very popular among private developers. The design under consideration allows you to simultaneously provide high-quality insulation and a beautiful appearance of a residential building. Anyone can handle the arrangement of a ventilated facade with their own hands. However, before starting work, you need to consider the main features of the system and select materials for assembling the battens, wall insulation and finishing cladding.

First of all, you need to study the features of hinged ventilated structures and understand their main purpose.

Ideally, the finishing decorative coating should have good vapor permeability and. In the course of their life, people also emit a lot of moisture: cooking, bath procedures and other household activities - all this leads to an increase in air humidity. Some of the moisture escapes through the ventilation system along with the exhaust air, while the remaining moisture must escape through the pores in the facing material.

The vapor barrier should be equipped in such a way that the wall material is as vapor-permeable as possible inside the room and has minimum performance on the outside. This rule is relevant for all types of facades. Violation of this recommendation usually leads to a deterioration in the thermal insulation qualities of walls and a decrease in their durability.

At the same time, the facade of the house must be reliably protected from atmospheric precipitation. In this case, it is best that the outer part of the walls does not get wet, because this will lead to a reduction in the service life of the structure.

Some logical contradiction follows from the information given. But there is a completely understandable and simple solution: to ensure optimal waterproofing and vapor permeability, the protective facade coating must be fixed at a certain distance from the wall surface, while simultaneously providing high-quality ventilation of the gap. It is this design that is commonly called a ventilated facade.

The hinged ventilated facade is assembled from several elements, namely:

first, a crate is attached to the surface to be trimmed, after which the gaps between its elements are filled with facade insulation;
a vapor-permeable film is laid on top of the thermal insulation. At the same time, it will perform the functions of protection from wind and atmospheric moisture;
an air gap is created, which is responsible for ventilation of the facade. The recommended gap thickness is about 40 mm. At the top of the façade, air vents of the same size should be created. This will ensure the most efficient ventilation of the structure;
the selected decorative coating is fixed. The outer layer must at the same time give the facade an attractive appearance and protect the thermal insulation from all kinds of adverse influences.

Design advantages and disadvantages

Suspended ventilated structures have a number of advantages. But, like in principle all existing ones, such systems have some disadvantages.

Advantages

Among the main advantages of ventilated facades are the following provisions:

insulation allows you to significantly save on heating the house;
waterproofing in combination with a ventilation gap eliminates the risk of moisture retention on the walls, which significantly increases the service life of the materials used;
ease of arrangement. You can handle the installation of all elements of the ventilated facade with your own hands;
increasing the soundproofing properties of the walls.

disadvantages

Among the disadvantages, moreover, relative, can only be attributed to the high cost of the structure. However, at this point, it is imperative to pay attention to a significant reduction in heating costs after installing a ventilated facade. All expenses for insulation, cladding and other things pay off quickly enough.

In order for the finished structure to retain its high performance characteristics for a long time, for its arrangement it is necessary, firstly, to use high-quality materials, and secondly, to follow the rules for installing all components. Follow the instructions and there will be no problems.

Do not skimp on the purchase of building and finishing materials. High-quality material cannot cost much less than its average market value. Buy all the necessary items in trusted places, giving preference to reputable manufacturers.

Pay due attention to the choice of facing material. For example, tiles in many of its varieties are very suitable for finishing the facade. However, the tile has a very big problem - the tearing off of at least one cladding element leads to the so-called. "Domino effect", as a result of which the usual gust of wind can tear off nearby tiles.

As a result, a hole will appear, due to which the characteristics of the entire structure will decrease. Therefore, if possible, it is recommended to refuse such a cladding.

The best finishing cladding for ventilated facades is siding. Subject to proper installation, the appearance, service life and other important characteristics of such a finish will not be inferior to other popular materials. You will receive more detailed information on the properties of siding below.

Choice of materials

As noted, materials for arranging a ventilated facade must be of exceptionally high quality.

Thermal insulation

The following materials can be used to insulate the facade:

Styrofoam . Popular material with excellent thermal insulation properties. The material does not absorb moisture and does not lose its properties under its influence. This makes it possible to somewhat soften the requirements for waterproofing. However, such hygroscopicity is at the same time a disadvantage of foam, which consists in poor vapor permeability and. A layer of such thermal insulation will practically not allow steam to pass through, which is not very good;
polyurethane foam, expanded polystyrene. These materials have a slightly higher strength compared to ordinary foam, but this indicator does not affect the quality of insulation. Moreover, the cost of the materials under consideration significantly exceeds the price of foam. Water vapor permeability remains at the same sad level;
mineral wool insulation... These heat insulators are the most popular. The material passes steam well, is characterized by excellent rigidity, great durability, high heat and sound insulation and properties. However, mineral wool does not tolerate contact with moisture quite well, therefore, waterproofing issues must be approached with maximum responsibility.

For the installation of the lathing, a high-quality wooden beam with a cross section of 4x4 cm is most often used. In some situations, for example, when arranging a ventilated facade of a brick house, it is preferable to assemble the lathing from a galvanized profile for drywall.

In this moment, focus on the features of your structure and personal preferences. Before use, wood must be impregnated with antiseptic agents.

Finishing

We have already mentioned the undisputed champion of this market segment - vinyl siding. The material has many advantages over existing alternatives, namely:

Ventilated façade assembly instructions

First step. Collect the crate. Attach the bars to the wall vertically, in increments of a couple of centimeters less than the width of the insulation plates. It is more convenient to first fix the extreme slats, pull the string between them and, guided by the rope, fix the intermediate elements at the same level.

Second step. Place the insulation between the battens of the battens.

Step three. Cover the insulation with a vapor barrier membrane. Lay the vapor barrier strips horizontally with an overlap of about 10 cm.

Fourth step. Fill over the battens of the battens with the perpendicular bars of the counter battens. This will create the required ventilation gap.

Fifth step. Attach the siding to the finished batten. The cladding is made of polyvinyl chloride. This material changes its size when the temperature changes, so rigid fastening of the planks is unacceptable. A small gap (3-5 mm) must be left between the panels. Hammer in the fasteners (screw in) not reaching the end by about 2 mm. Fasteners must be placed strictly in the center of the holes intended for them.

To make the work as easy as possible, and the finished ventilated facade retains its original characteristics for a long time, follow a few simple recommendations of professional builders.

Thus, there is nothing super complicated in the independent arrangement of a ventilated facade. It is enough to understand the basics of work, choose the most suitable materials and complete all planned activities in accordance with the instructions. Do not forget the recommendations received, and the ventilated facade of your house will serve as long as possible, while maintaining its original performance characteristics.

Happy work!