How to fix the anchor bolt. Anchor bolt with nut - for fastening heavy structures! Anchor bolt with nut - weight, dimensions: what GOST tells us

Set of tools

Installation procedure

drill with a set of drills;
hammer drill with a set of drills;
open-end wrench;
hammer.

Varieties

Load bearing capacity

Connection reliability

Pull-out calculation.

http://youtu.be/9qMnLymGvzE

Installation of add-ons

Installation of a chemical anchor.

Page 2

Reinforcement
Manufacturing
Instruments
Mounting
Payment
Repair

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How to anchor anchor bolts in concrete?

A real anchor bolt is always installed before the start of concreting and is installed on the basis of drawings, and not only construction drawings, but it would be nice to look at the equipment, at least see the equipment passport, and also better scheme installation of equipment. Then a drawing is taken, a tape measure, a level, looking at the drawing with the help of a tape measure, we measure the exact distance from the axes, with the help of a level we check the position of the anchor in height. And only after checking the correct installation of the anchor several times, we fix it in the structure. If there is no special method of fastening in the drawing, then the anchor is usually welded to reinforcement cage... Then we wrap it on top with a film so that God forbid concrete does not spill the threads, fill the structure, wait at least a week until the concrete gains more or less strength, remove the film, if the strength of the concrete allows, then we install the equipment or mount the columns, depending on what the anchor is for ... This is a real anchor bolt and is made by real builders. For such anchor bolts any equipment is mounted within 20 minutes, stands up like a glove, such anchors can withstand exactly the load for which they are designed. It remains only to tighten the nuts and hand over the equipment according to the act. All other anchors are not real and they are not made by real builders and therefore they are suitable only for domestic needs, because any method of installing such anchors does not provide reliable performance anchor and under critical equipment, such anchor bolts are not installed. There are many ways to install fake anchors: you can use the option that fktif indicated with pictures, you can gouge a hole, install an anchor bolt, then concrete this hole, you can install an anchor in a hole previously left for it and instead of concrete pour super-duper resin or adhesives, but all the same, such an anchor will only work halfway.

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High-quality installation of anchors in concrete

Until recently, only screws or nails could be used to attach to hard surfaces. But now this method of fastening is practically a thing of the past, it is being replaced by anchors much more adapted for this purpose.

A bolt is the most powerful fastener, an order of magnitude higher than dowels with screws.

How can you effectively and quickly fix objects in the wall? Only with the help of anchors - they can be driven or screwed into the base.

This is a metal part that is inserted into a solid base, expands there and holds the object, which is fixed with its help.

Inside there is a thread into which you need to screw the mount. In both repair and construction, anchor bolts are a reliable "anchor" that is difficult to replace with anything. Installation with their use is quick and easy.

This type of fastener is also used with great success for dense materials such as solid brick or concrete, as well as for softer materials such as drywall, for example. Install a shelf or hem suspended ceiling, hang a cabinet or a picture on a concrete wall - bolts are needed for all these manipulations. More often than others, mechanical ones are used. They can be held both by frictional force and by means of a stop.

Set of tools

Installation procedure

To do this, you need the following tools:

drill with a set of drills;
hammer drill with a set of drills;
open-end wrench;
hammer.

Concrete materials are much more dense than most building products in terms of density. It will take some effort to make a hole in them. Drills must always be coated with special strength alloys. To make a bolt hole with straight edges, simple drill will not work, it is best to use a punch.

To properly secure the bolt, the hole in the concrete must be flat and the diameter must match the outside diameter of the bolt. The anchor does not need to be disassembled under any circumstances - it is inserted entirely “as is”. Some people still try to take it apart and then insert it. But this can be done only when an anchor with a nut is used, and in this case, you can only twist the nut, no more. When the bolt is inserted into the hole, it must be tightened clockwise. For the installation to be successful, the fasteners must be selected depending on the weight of the attached structure. It should be optimal both in diameter and length.

Varieties

By design, the bolts are somewhat different from each other.

Each type is designed for a certain load,

Klinova. When installing it, a hole is drilled in the concrete into which the anchor will be hammered. The wedge bolt has an important difference from others: it is the only type of such fastener without a shirt. There is a wedge inside the sleeve, which expands when screwed in. After the wedge fastener is clogged, it is necessary to tighten the nut, which, due to the expansion of the sleeve, fixes the rod. The wedge bolt is used for fastening various heavy structures, cable routes, fences, load-bearing elements.
Spacer. This type is considered the most common in construction. It is produced with a length of 2-12 cm and a diameter of 0.4-2 cm. The expansion bolt has a sleeve that runs along the entire rod. There is a thread inside it, a wedge-shaped head is planted on it, which, in the process of twisting, expands the sleeve. Thus, the fasteners are fixed. The most effective application of such a fastener would be for concrete and solid bricks. There are also models of anchors that are designed for use in hollow materials. It should be mounted in a hole that is pre-drilled in the material with the required diameter and depth.
Expandable. Inside this element is a sleeve with several petals and a sliding nut. When twisting, it will push the petals apart. Installing such an element in concrete is quite practical.
Hammer. Its bushing has an internal wedge and special cutouts, due to which the bushing will expand when hitting the bolt. The blows are applied to the anchor (the wedge rests against the bottom of the hole) or to the wedge using a mandrel, which is inserted into the product itself. The use of a hammer will be necessary anyway to install the fasteners. Driving bolts can be made of metal or polymer - the principle of operation will be the same as for spacers. The nylon has a difference in the form of a special screw with a thread in the shape of a shark tooth, thanks to which it will have an advantage during installation. Hammer-in fasteners for concrete surfaces are used quite often - this seems to be in most cases the best option.
Chemical. All previous types are mechanically attached, while chemical ones are glued to the material. A briquette with glue is inserted into the hole made by the tools, then pressed down with an anchor. The bolt is securely fixed with glue.

Load bearing capacity

Performance characteristics fastenings at a standard embedment depth into a base made of heavy concrete B20 (C20 / 25).

Each type of bolt has its own bearing capacity, which is characterized by the load that the bolt can withstand without destruction and without violating the integrity of the fastening with the material. First of all, the bearing capacity will depend on the material from which the fastener is made. For this, they mainly use different kinds become High Quality- anti-corrosion, structural, stainless and non-ferrous metals. With the exception of brass, almost all non-ferrous metals have the lowest strength. Usually, bearing capacity indicate on the packaging or on itself.

Connection reliability

Pull-out calculation.

Such an inspection is carried out directly at the place of work. Depending on the material of the wall, it will be possible to determine the reliability of the connection. If the material is brick or concrete, the pullout load will be about 350 kg. For fastening rather heavy objects, this indicator is quite enough. When the material is aerated concrete, its load will be within 230 kg. It should be borne in mind that the installation of fasteners must be carried out in accordance with the requirements and working properties of the material. For high-rise installation, for example, this will not be enough - here it is recommended to choose chemical ones, which have a pull-out load of about 700 kg.

Installation of add-ons

Installation of a chemical anchor.

To securely install any of the types of anchors, a sufficiently deep hole must be drilled in the concrete, with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the fastener. After that, the hole must be cleaned of dust, an anchor is inserted into it, after which it must be securely fixed. Chemicals must be inserted with a pistol. The adhesive mass is squeezed into the hole and the fastener is inserted. After penetrating the pores of the material, the glue hardens and provides good fastening... The resulting connection is so strong that it is fearlessly used when installing large and massive objects.

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Characteristics and installation of anchor bolts in the wall, methods

The anchor is a fastening element made of metal material, is introduced in concrete base and there it restrains the object, which, thanks to it, is fixed. This type of fastener has become recent times well in demand. Installing anchor bolts into the wall acts as an anchor. Thanks to this, they are able to withstand incredible loads. This makes it possible with their help to fasten heavy structures and individual objects. Not long ago, nails and screws were available to secure something to a stone surface. Now everything has changed, and this type of fastener is a thing of the past. Anchors more convenient for this process and adapted anchors replace them with success.

How can you securely, with great effect and very quickly fix certain objects in the wall? Anchors are an excellent way out here, with them you can hammer or screw anything you want into the concrete base.

Characteristic

The anchor has a thread inside, it is into it that the fasteners must be screwed. When building a house, renovating an apartment, anchor bolts are the best anchor, they will not lead you exactly, and it is impossible to replace them with something similar. Installation using these bolts is quick and easy.

They have found great application for dense materials. For example, concrete, brick. They are also good for working with drywall. They can be used almost everywhere - if you need to hang a shelf, wardrobe, picture, or equip a suspended ceiling. All of these time-consuming processes will require anchors. Most of all, mechanical anchors are used, which can be held due to an emphasis or frictional force.

During construction or for household needs, it is required to attach various kinds of objects, structures for installation. For these purposes, there are different fasteners. To work with concrete or brick, special anchors are needed, and when wood blanks are used, self-tapping screws for wood. Anchors will help to strengthen the heaviest structures well. For example, it can be a water heater, wall bars, children's swing to the ceiling.

By itself, such a bolt is nothing special. This is a fairly simple bolt, nut and body connection. A plastic lining is provided to keep moisture out. The bolts work according to a simple spacer principle. When the bolt is tightened, the nut at the end is pushed inward. This encourages the enclosure to expand in size due to expansion and is hammered into the concrete.

Varieties

The requirements for these bolts are quite stringent, as people have to be confident in the reliability of this fastening due to the weight that they place on it. Therefore, when choosing these products, give the choice to those that are made in accordance with GOST. On construction market the following types of anchor bolts are distinguished:

One-piece bolt - a head with six faces, a cone nut. Here the nut is the spacer that expands the pipe. It itself is soldered with a tip - it has a nut with a washer. When they begin to tighten the bolt, it immediately enters the pipe, thereby expanding it.
Wedge. It is a rod of metal material with a large head. A wedge emerges from it and enters the rod upon impact. This increases the area of the part that is placed in the concrete hole.
With strut, shock. When a nail is driven in, it enlarges and adheres firmly to the stone.
Double-spaced with nut. This fastener is used for massive objects, for critical work. Accordingly, it is the most reliable fastener. It becomes wider in two places at once. These spacers are located at the end of the tube and at the junction of the two sections of the cylinder. The elements are made in such a way that when the nut is tightened, its parts are drawn into each other.
Hammer. Fasteners are hammered into the wall hole. Already during this, it increases in width and grasps with the stone. When the bolt is tightened, it expands even further. This type of bolt is the fastest to install.
Expandable in four parts. Its parts are independent of each other, forming a cylindrical shape in the assembly. At the top there is a part with a ring, and at the other end there is a fixation with a spring. When it is twisted, the action of a spacer with four faces begins at the cylinder. She unclenches these segments, after which they are pressed against the wall along the entire length. Here, not a bolt is used, but rods with a ring, or a hook.

From the descriptions it is clear that the first two anchors act in the same way. The difference between them is in the mobility of the elements. If the first has a nut with a cone, then the second has a bolt. The first two types of fasteners are standard options... Already on their main base, the rest appears the lineup these bolts. Anchors with a hook and a ring are considered simple and quite convenient. Since when the nut is tightened, then the bolt is immediately firmly fixed in the hole in the wall.

Mounting method

It couldn't be easier than attaching an anchor bolt to a wall. You just need to drill a hole in concrete wall... Its diameter must be exactly the same as the bolt. Then you need to insert the bolt itself and attach. The anchor does not need to be disassembled, it is completely inserted in the same form in which it is sold. Some people take them apart for some reason and then try to insert them. The anchor with the nut is disassembled, and then, only by twisting the nut and that's it. When the anchor is in the wall, it must be screwed clockwise. Using such fasteners, you can immediately understand how fast, convenient and reliable it is.

Using them to help, you can hang lighting, install interior doors, carry out finishing work. Based on the fact that such a fastener is designed for heavy loads, it is produced from high strength steel. Mounts of this type are fairly easy to make. The bolt in the wall is properly fixed. This is all thanks to adhesion, support, friction - the key to reliable fastening. These principles operate both together and separately, without affecting the strength a single gram. Absolutely every man can fix the anchor bolt with his own hands.

Installation rules

The steps during the installation of the anchor bolts are the same as with the dowels. This is not difficult to do, although their design looks rather complicated. There are only some features. The instructions for attaching the anchor bolts are as follows:

You will need a drill of the required diameter, which must be inserted into the hammer drill.
Drill a stroke, clean it of debris.
Knock in the bolt, tighten with a wrench until it is firmly fixed in the base.

There is also a small number of rules that you need to remember and know:

It is prohibited to install an anchor bolt in a hollow brick.
For installation, use a size of up to eight millimeters.
When the hole cannot be cleaned, then it should be drilled out further twenty centimeters.

From the tools for this work, you will need a drill and a perforator with drills, an open-end wrench, a hammer.

Concrete is much stronger than most other materials. Therefore, it will take some force to make a hole in it. The drills should be coated with strong alloys. You cannot use a simple drill if you need even edges. In this case, you will have to resort to a puncher.

Mounting bolts

Installed bolt in structure

For example, in a foundation structure, there are several ways to install an anchor. The main ones are:

Basically, the installation of bolts in the foundation takes place before the concrete is poured. When the rebar frame is installed, the curved anchors are fastened by welding. It is very important to control their vertical position, the distance between them and in the foundation. Once they are secured, the threads must be closed, for example, with polyethylene. This will prevent the concrete from getting into the threads.
It will be easier to install the anchors in the poured concrete. And control all the necessary parameters there.
To make the anchor straight, you need to drill a hole of a suitable diameter in the foundation, get rid of dust and concrete. Insert a straight anchor there, fill the voids with glue.
The cone anchor is installed in the same way as the straight one. After that, do not forget to tighten the nut on the stud.

Before dwelling on a particular anchor, decide on the method of fastening. In this case, be sure to remember about the future load. For the sake of reliability and quality, you should not purchase a smaller diameter of the fastener. Choose those manufacturers in whom you are sure who make the production of products according to GOST standards.

What to look for

The method of work for the installation of anchors is to comply with the tightening standards. Some manufacturers in their catalogs prescribe recommendations for tightening anchor fasteners. At a small value, an important friction force will be absent; at a large one, the pressure on the base increases. Because of this, the likelihood of destruction appears.

It is important to observe the installation of chemical anchors. The steel stud should fit into the hole with a screwdriver. This is important for thorough mixing of all elements of the composition. During the application of injections with the composition, the already mixed composition enters the hole. When inserting the hairpin, it must be screwed. If the composition does not come out of the hole, then it is necessary to remove the pin, add the composition more. Chemical substance should harden. This takes about 40 minutes, depending on the air temperature.

Finally, I would like to add that the installation of anchor bolts into the wall should go along strict rules because they carry a great deal of responsibility for carrying heavy weights. Such fasteners appeared not so long ago, and are already very popular and in demand in the construction market. They are relatively inexpensive, and have unique versatility and high reliability.

Anchor bolts- if we consider the principle of operation of the two main types of fasteners - anchor and dowel, then the anchor has a significant advantage. The metal anchor, in addition to the frictional force, is held at the base by means of a “stop” in the form of a kind of anchor obtained by the spacer part of the shank. The force of resistance to destruction of the base material is added to friction.

There is also chemical anchors, they use quick-hardening instead of a metal sleeve adhesives, which are inserted into the hole before installing the anchor bolt. The result is a monolithic connection with the base.

There is a large range of anchors on the market, but they can all be divided into several classes.

Anchor bolt with nut: how to fix

In fact, it is a stud with a nut and washer, which is screwed into a sleeve (threaded sleeve). Therefore, it may be called an anchor bolt with a nut or a stud anchor. How to fasten anchor bolts with a nut, we study in detail ourselves and use it.

Anchor bolt (foundation bolt) with nut

On the one hand, a nut with a washer is screwed onto the stud, on the other, there is a "wedge" in the form of a cone. In the wide part, the wedge corresponds to the diameter of the coupling, in the narrow part - to the hairpin. The sleeve on the wedge side has a notch and longitudinal slots.

Installation is quite simple, how to fasten anchor bolts with a nut - even a beginner will understand.

Anchor bolt: fixing diagram

A hole is drilled at the base for the coupling, cleaned of dust. The part is hung on the anchor, inserted into the hole and hammered into the hole with slight hammer blows. Then tighten the nut a few turns.

When screwed onto the stud, the nut "unscrews" it from the coupling, as a result, the wedge expands the coupling along its entire length with slots.

Anchor bolts are made of galvanized steel. Used for concrete, stone, solid brick.

There is an "improved version" of such an anchor - a double-expansion one.

Double-expansion anchor bolt

It has two movable slotted couplings, one of which cone fits into the other. When screwing in the nut, the shank pushes one sleeve over the other. The first one expands with a wedge cone and itself expands the middle coupling, forming two fastening belts.

Wedge anchor - how to fix

This type can be considered as a modification of the previous one. The coupling is made in the form of a movable short sleeve-ring at the end of the hairpin from the side of the shank (wedge).

The principle of operation is the same, there is a slight difference - precise drilling in the depth of the hole and cleaning it from dust is not required. The hole is drilled with a margin, the anchor is inserted to the required depth and the nut is screwed in, expanding the coupling with the shank.

Anchor rod with hex head

This is a classic bolt with washer that is screwed into a slotted sleeve at the end. A tail cone nut serves as a spacer.

The installation is standard - drill a hole, clean it, insert the anchor with the attached part and lightly tap it. It remains to tighten the anchor bolts a few turns - the nut enters the coupling with a cone and expands it.

Stud anchor - installation diagram

The scope of application is the same as for the previous types - fastening heavy structures to a base made of concrete, stone and solid bricks.

With this type, the bolt can end in a ring or a hook. They allow you to simply hang structures after installing the anchor, otherwise there are no differences.

Impact anchor bolts - how to fix an anchor bolt.

Such a sample combines the functions anchor and nail.

Impact type stud anchor

It consists of a hollow metal rod, one end of which is made in the form of a stud with a thread for a nut and washer, the other is a sleeve with a four-blade spacer.

Installation, how to fix the anchor bolt - an anchor bolt must be driven into the hole in the base, into which a nail is in turn driven in. Sleeve petals diverge. The nut serves only for fixing the attached part.

Expanding anchor, four-segment

In principle, this type is closer to an anchor with a nut or hex head. Although it does not have a wedge or taper nut on the shank of the stud or bolt, expansion occurs by screwing the bolt itself into the hollow sleeve, which moves the inner square element.

Four-segment anchor bolt

The anchor consists of a cylinder with four slots that end in a narrow ring. The lamellas are held by a flat spring, after which the slots are wedge-shaped. Moving, the tetrahedral threaded element expands these wedges.

Anchor rod installation diagram

The bolt is not included in the kit, but is selected depending on the dimensions of the suspended structure.

In addition to the bolt, a bolt with a hook or a ring can be screwed into the expansion anchor. These modifications are supplied with them.

Due to the wide opening of the wedge lamellas, expanding anchors can also be installed in weak bases - hollow (slotted) bricks, gas or foam concrete blocks.

Driven anchor - how to fix an anchor bolt.

One of the easiest types of anchors to install.

The device is a threaded bushing having slots from the driven end, a tapered inner shape and a wedge.

Installation - a hammer-in anchor is inserted into the prepared hole and, using a special impact nozzle, the cut part is burst with a wedge. When the anchor bolts are screwed in, the petals expand even further, increasing traction.

Made of galvanized steel or brass.

Screw anchor

Has a special design. The slots in the sleeve are not completely cut and end in a ring with a nut. Closer to the head and in the middle of the liner, the lamellae are weakened. By tightening the screw, the nut displaces and expands the lamellas in the middle.

Specially designed for weak and hollow substrates. It can be produced not only with a screw, but also with pins, hooks, rings.

In order to correctly install the anchor bolts, it is necessary to take into account the type and strength of the base, choose the type of anchor that is optimal for a particular part and determine its load capacity.

A bolt is the most powerful fastener, an order of magnitude higher than dowels with screws.

How can you effectively and quickly fix objects in the wall? Only with the help of anchors - they can be driven or screwed into the base.

This is a metal part that is inserted into a solid base, expands there and holds the object, which is fixed with its help.

This type of fastener is also used with great success for dense materials such as solid brick or concrete, as well as for softer materials such as drywall, for example. Installing a shelf or hemming a false ceiling, hanging a cabinet or a painting on a concrete wall - for all these manipulations, bolts are needed. More often than others, mechanical ones are used. They can be held both by frictional force and by means of a stop.

Set of tools

Installation procedure

To do this, you need the following tools:

drill with a set of drills;
hammer drill with a set of drills;
open-end wrench;
hammer.

Concrete materials are much more dense than most building products in terms of density. It will take some effort to make a hole in them. Drills must always be coated with special strength alloys. In order to make a bolt hole with straight edges, a simple drill will not work, it is best to use a hammer drill.

To properly secure the bolt, you need to make it even, and its diameter should match the outer diameter of the bolt. The anchor does not need to be disassembled under any circumstances - it is inserted entirely “as is”. Some people still try to take it apart and then insert it. But this can be done only when an anchor with a nut is used, and in this case, you can only twist the nut, no more. When the bolt is inserted into the hole, it must be tightened clockwise. For the installation to be successful, the fasteners must be selected depending on the weight of the attached structure. It should be optimal both in diameter and length.

Varieties

By design, the bolts are somewhat different from each other.

Each type is designed for a certain load,

Klinova. When installing it, a hole is drilled in the concrete into which the anchor will be hammered. The wedge bolt has an important difference from others: it is the only type of such fastener without a shirt. There is a wedge inside the sleeve, which expands when screwed in. After the wedge fastener is clogged, it is necessary to tighten the nut, which, due to the expansion of the sleeve, fixes the rod. The wedge bolt is used for fastening various heavy structures, cable routes, fences, load-bearing elements.
Spacer. This type is considered the most common in construction. It is produced with a length of 2-12 cm and a diameter of 0.4-2 cm. The expansion bolt has a sleeve that runs along the entire rod. There is a thread inside it, a wedge-shaped head is planted on it, which, in the process of twisting, expands the sleeve. Thus, the fasteners are fixed. The most effective application of such a fastener would be for concrete and solid bricks. There are also models of anchors that are designed for use in hollow materials. It should be mounted in a hole that is pre-drilled in the material with the required diameter and depth.
Expandable. Inside this element is a sleeve with several petals and a sliding nut. When twisting, it will push the petals apart. Installing such an element in concrete is quite practical.
Hammer. Its bushing has an internal wedge and special cutouts, due to which the bushing will expand when hitting the bolt. The blows are applied to the anchor (the wedge rests against the bottom of the hole) or to the wedge using a mandrel, which is inserted into the product itself. The use of a hammer will be necessary anyway to install the fasteners. Driving bolts can be made of metal or polymer - the principle of operation will be the same as for spacers. The nylon has a difference in the form of a special screw with a thread in the shape of a shark tooth, thanks to which it will have an advantage during installation. Driven fasteners for concrete surfaces are used quite often - this seems to be the best option in most cases.
Chemical. All previous types are mechanically attached, while chemical ones are glued to the material. A briquette with glue is inserted into the hole made by the tools, then pressed down with an anchor. The bolt is securely fixed with glue.

Load bearing capacity

Performance characteristics of fasteners at a standard embedment depth in a base of heavy concrete B20 (C20 / 25).

Each type of bolt has its own bearing capacity, which is characterized by the load that the bolt can withstand without destruction and without violating the integrity of the fastening with the material. First of all, the bearing capacity will depend on the material from which the fastener is made. For this, they mainly use various types of high quality steel - anti-corrosion, structural, stainless, and non-ferrous metals. With the exception of brass, almost all non-ferrous metals have the lowest strength. As a rule, the bearing capacity is indicated on the package or on it itself.

Connection reliability

Pull-out calculation.

In construction and installation works the most demanded operation is the connection of various kinds of elements, both among themselves and fasteners to fixed bases, namely: walls, floor, ceiling, beams, etc. For these purposes, various kinds of fasteners are used, however, in some specific cases the best option will be anchored.

If you open specialized sites and look at the photo of the anchor bolt, you can note a wide range of designs, sizes and others distinctive features... What is the principle of secure fastening? What is an anchor? - read about all this in this article.

Design features

In the very general view, under the anchor it is necessary to understand special fasteners ny element installed in a supporting, fixed base and designed to hold some structure or part.

This connection is of the collapsible type. In other words: if necessary, the structure fixed by means of an anchor can be dismantled, and then installed again without changing the fasteners themselves.

If we trace the etymology of the name, then the word anker has German roots and is translated as "anchor", which fully describes the principle of its action.

Structurally, anchor bolts look like a special kind of stud, which is laid in a blind or through hole, and under some conditions, it is clamped in it, and one property is true for mechanical anchors - the stronger the load on the stud, the stronger it will be held in the hole. In some versions, a bolt and a specially shaped nut may be used, but the principle remains the same.

Chemical

A special capsule with adhesive solution... During installation, the capsule collapses and, after hardening, reliably fixes the pin in the hole.

The main advantage is the ability to install in hollow bases.

Mechanical anchors

This is the most common and used type in practice. In this case, the principle of operation of anchor bolts is based on the effect of wedging or collet expansion in a steel sleeve.

Depending on the weight and the degree of force applied to the structure to be installed, select required dimensions anchor bolts. For mechanical fasteners, the installation technology, features of the base and others are taken into account external factors... In this context, the following types are distinguished, distinguished by the method of implementing the principle laid down in the idea of fasteners.

Wedge anchor

It is a special wedge nut that is installed inside the hole, with a sleeve mounted on top. When tightening the bolt, the nut, trying to come out, wedges the sleeve and is firmly held inside the hole.

This design is a bushing with a tapered hole inside and a tapped thread. When the anchor is screwed in, the sleeve is wedged in the hole and is thereby fixed.

Expanding anchor "butterfly". main feature- can be installed in through holes and also in the case of thin-walled bases. The principle of operation is based on the deformation of the middle part and the disclosure of the petals when the anchor is screwed in.

Expansion anchors. This is the most common type and does not require particularly careful hole dimensions. The principle of operation is based on the expansion of the sleeve when pulling out of it a stud with a cone-shaped or spherical thickening at the end in the process of screwing the nut onto it and pulling it out.

So, we have indicated the main types of anchors used in practice. In some specific situations, special fasteners are required, according to the laid down principles of operation, it is similar to those considered, but has design features, and therefore below, as an example, presented two of its varieties.

Special anchors

Anchor bolt with a ring - in this case, at the end of the anchor there is a special ring, through which a cable, twine or various kinds of stretching is threaded. It is used for installation and strengthening of spacer cables when installing masts, columns, banners, as well as in other special situations.

Another type is anchor bolts with a hook. Their field of application is similar to the previous one, the whole feature is the ability to put on rings, that is, there is no need to thread the cables through the hole.

Anchor bolt mounting technology

First of all, depending on the thickness of the base and the mass of the structure to be strengthened, the size and length of the anchor fasteners are selected.

Drill a hole in the base. The bushing must fit tightly. The depth is done a little more length bushings.

Attention! After drilling is done, thoroughly clean the hole from the rest of the base, crumbs, etc.

An anchor is installed in the hole, after which the structure is assembled. Installation must be done with light hammer blows. The force applied during twisting should gradually increase. Do not "overdo it": the anchor should be firmly in place, but not destroy the base material.

Photo of anchors

An anchor is a fastening element made of a metal material, it is inserted into and there it detains an object, which is fixed thanks to it. This type of fastener has recently become well-demanded. Installing anchor bolts into the wall acts as an anchor. Thanks to this, they are able to withstand incredible loads. This makes it possible with their help to fasten heavy structures and individual objects. Not long ago, nails and screws were available to secure something to a stone surface. Now everything has changed, and this type of fastener is a thing of the past. Anchors more convenient for this process and adapted anchors replace them with success.

Characteristic

Types of anchors

Varieties

The requirements for these bolts are quite stringent, as people have to be confident in the reliability of this fastening due to the weight that they place on it. Therefore, when choosing these products, give the choice to those that are made in accordance with GOST. On the construction market, the following types of anchor bolts are distinguished:

One piece bolt

One-piece bolt - a head with six faces, a cone nut. Here the nut is the spacer that expands the pipe. It itself is soldered with a tip - it has a nut with a washer. When they begin to tighten the bolt, it immediately enters the pipe, thereby expanding it.
Wedge. It is a rod of metal material with a large head. A wedge emerges from it and enters the rod upon impact. This increases the area of the part that is placed in the concrete hole.
With strut, shock. When a nail is driven in, it enlarges and adheres firmly to the stone.
Double-spaced with nut. This fastener is used for massive objects, for critical work. Accordingly, it is the most reliable fastener. It becomes wider in two places at once. These spacers are located at the end of the tube and at the junction of the two sections of the cylinder. The elements are made in such a way that when the nut is tightened, its parts are drawn into each other.
Hammer. Fasteners are hammered into the wall hole. Already during this, it increases in width and grasps with the stone. When the bolt is tightened, it expands even further. This type of bolt is the fastest to install.
Expandable in four parts. Its parts are independent of each other, forming a cylindrical shape in the assembly. At the top there is a part with a ring, and at the other end there is a fixation with a spring. When it is twisted, the action of a spacer with four faces begins at the cylinder. She unclenches these segments, after which they are pressed against the wall along the entire length. Here, not a bolt is used, but rods with a ring, or a hook.

From the descriptions it is clear that the first two anchors act in the same way. The difference between them is in the mobility of the elements. If the first has a nut with a cone, then the second has a bolt. The first two types of fasteners are typical options. Already on their basis, the rest of the range of these bolts is presented. Anchors with a hook and a ring are considered simple and quite convenient. Since when the nut is tightened, then the bolt is immediately firmly fixed in the hole in the wall.

Mounting method

It couldn't be easier than attaching an anchor bolt to a wall. You just need to drill a hole in the concrete wall. Its diameter must be exactly the same as the bolt. Then you need to insert the bolt itself and attach. The anchor does not need to be disassembled, it is completely inserted in the same form in which it is sold. Some people take them apart for some reason and then try to insert them. The anchor with the nut is disassembled, and then, only by twisting the nut and that's it. When the anchor is in the wall, it must be screwed clockwise. Using such fasteners, you can immediately understand how fast, convenient and reliable it is.

Using them to help, you can hang lighting fixtures, install interior doors, and do finishing work. Based on the fact that such a fastener is designed for heavy loads, it is produced from high strength steel. Mounts of this type are fairly easy to make. The bolt in the wall is properly fixed. This is all thanks to adhesion, support, friction - the key to reliable fastening. These principles operate both together and separately, without affecting the strength a single gram. Absolutely every man can fix the anchor bolt with his own hands.

Installation of anchor bolts

Installation rules

You will need a drill of the required diameter, which must be inserted into the hammer drill.
Drill a stroke, clean it of debris.
Knock in the bolt, tighten with a wrench until it is firmly fixed in the base.

There is also a small number of rules that you need to remember and know:

It is prohibited to install an anchor bolt in a hollow brick.
For installation, use a size of up to eight millimeters.
When the hole cannot be cleaned, then it should be drilled out further twenty centimeters.

From the tools for this work, you will need a drill and a perforator with drills, an open-end wrench, a hammer.

Mounting bolts

Installed bolt in structure

For example, in a foundation structure, there are several ways to install an anchor. The main ones are:

Basically, the installation of bolts in the foundation takes place before the concrete is poured. When the rebar frame is installed, the curved anchors are fastened by welding. It is very important to control their vertical position, the distance between them and in the foundation. Once they are secured, the threads must be closed, for example, with polyethylene. This will prevent the concrete from getting into the threads.
It will be easier to install the anchors in the poured concrete. And control all the necessary parameters there.
To make the anchor straight, you need to drill a hole of a suitable diameter in the foundation, get rid of dust and concrete. Insert a straight anchor there, fill the voids with glue.
The cone anchor is installed in the same way as the straight one. After that, do not forget to tighten the nut on the stud.

What to look for

It is important to observe the installation of chemical anchors. The steel stud should fit into the hole with a screwdriver. This is important for thorough mixing of all elements of the composition. During the application of injections with the composition, the already mixed composition enters the hole. When inserting the hairpin, it must be screwed. If the composition does not come out of the hole, then it is necessary to remove the pin, add the composition more. The chemical must harden. This takes about 40 minutes, depending on the air temperature.

Finally, I would like to add that the installation of anchor bolts in the wall must be carried out according to strict rules, because they carry a great responsibility for supporting heavy weight. Such fasteners appeared not so long ago, and are already very popular and in demand in the construction market. They are relatively inexpensive, and have unique versatility and high reliability.