Installation of soft roof insulation instructions. Do-it-yourself installation of a soft roof - detailed instructions

It is a guiding material, surrounded on both sides by a modified one and intended for covering.

Synthetic, non-rotting or fiberglass fabrics (polyester, fiberglass, fiberglass) can be used as a guide material.

Preparation for the installation of a soft roll roof

The soft guiding roof covering is used as an independent covering mainly for surfaces with a slope of no more than 25 degrees.

Wooden base.
Such a base should be two-layer: the lower layer of boards laid parallel to the laying of the roof, the upper one - at an angle of 30 degrees to the first. The base must be carefully putty and covered with a special mastic. The roofing material is attached to such a base with roofing nails, without the use of hot work.
Concrete base.
The concrete base must be prepared by leveling. To do this, you should perform a cement-sand or asphalt concrete screed. All parts of the roof protruding above the main surface must be plastered at least 20-30 cm from the base. The screed must also be primed with mastic.

Roll roof preparation

The estimated amount of roll roofing must be properly prepared: all rolls must be rolled out on a flat surface, cleaned of possible contamination and left in this state for at least one day. Otherwise, high-quality installation will be impossible.

Preparation of the necessary materials

For gluing the roofing material, use a special mastic, which can be prepared independently or purchased from finished form in a hardware store.

Standard bituminous mastic can be prepared as follows:

Cold mastic
It is made of BN 90/10 bitumen - the cheapest, most reliable and widespread waterproofing material... As a filler, asbestos or wood flour is used, which must be sieved well through a sieve before use. The bitumen must be melted with the addition of gasoline or kerosene and kept melting until the foam stops forming. In this case, it is considered that unnecessary impurities have been removed. The consistency of the mastic should not be too liquid, but retain its astringent qualities. After cooling, the mastic is ready for use.
Hot mastic
Its manufacture is more difficult, and its use is more dangerous for workers than the use of cold mastic. The bitumen is heated with gasoline or kerosene in a special vessel, preferably in a boiler (but not in a bucket!), After the foam stops appearing, it must be removed from the fire, add the selected filler (for example, highly crushed limestone), mix thoroughly and immediately use in work. A gray smoke should be emitted from the finished hot mastic.

Roof covering with soft guide roll materials can be carried out both vertically in the direction from the bottom up to the ridge (if the roof has a slight slope), and along the direction of the slope, if the slope angle is from 15 to 25 degrees. The number of layers of roll roofing depends on the purpose of its use and the expected characteristics of the coating.

The first layers of the roof should be execute from roll material, which has a lining purpose, and external (or one external) - from roofing. The roof layers are strictly overlapped from 5 to 15 centimeters. Modern roof guides have a special overlap edge.

Installation of the roof is carried out in the following order:

Application of the prepared mastic to the surface to be coated.
Alignment of the edge of the roll cloth and the starting point from which it will be rolled.
Unrolling the roll with parallel use of a gas burner.

Installation work should be carried out in teams in the amount of at least two people, one of which will roll out the roll, observing personal safety measures, the second will work with a gas burner.

The properties of the coating depend on the professionalism of the worker performing hot work, since when misuse burner and overheating of the material, possibly its thinning. Therefore, it is extremely problematic to work with a gas burner without sufficient skills and should be entrusted to trained specialists.

After laying each layer of the roof, you need to check the quality of the joints and in places of overlaps, walk with a special pressure roller, which will increase the reliability of the connection.

After completing all the work schematically the roof will look like this:

1 layer- primed base.

2 layer- bottom covering with roofing material.

3 layer- top coating with rolled working material with an exploited surface.

In cases if the installation of this type of roof is carried out on steep slopes, as a substrate for other roofing materials (slate, tiles), then the rolls are rolled horizontally, starting from the bottom of the roof and gradually approaching its ridge. the overlap of the sides of the waterproofing layers in this case should reach 15 centimeters.

Coating wooden roof is carried out in the same order, but instead of a gas burner, roofing nails are used.

Most importantly, when laying roofing material, workers must follow the rules of personal safety: use funds individual protection, including safety footwear and overalls, as well as observe the rules for performing hot work.

Due to its resistance to moisture and good strength, the soft roof will provide an airtight coating for any structure.

To figure out how to lay a soft roof, let's take a closer look at this material, find out the existing varieties and nuances of installation.

The soft roof is produced on modern equipment in accordance with the certificate, which indicates its high quality... The material is divided into several types:

roll coating
membrane
bituminous shingles
roofing mastic

The roll covering is divided into roofing material and rubemast. The structure of the material consists of a fiberglass base (rubemast) or roofing cardboard (roofing felt) impregnated with bitumen.

The front side is covered with a layer of basalt chips, which protects the bitumen from the effects of negative weather factors.

Sometimes for a protective coating is used quartz sand or granite chips.

Through the use of crumb different colors the roofing becomes colored.

The service life of roofing material is 5 years, rubemast - more than 20 years.

The membrane is produced in several types: PVC, TPO, EPDM.

The large width of the material allows you to cover large buildings with a minimum of seams. The membrane can be laid all year round, regardless of weather conditions.

The service life of the membrane roof is about 50 years.

Bituminous shingles are small pieces of sheets cut from a bitumen roll. Tiles are cut on each sheet in the form of different geometric shapes.

The structure of the tile is similar to that of rubemast. The service life is designed for 15 - 20 years.

Roofing mastics are bituminous, polymer and bitumen-polymer. In turn, they are divided into hot and cold. The roof, filled with hot mastic, is called mastic and is characterized by fast hardening.

A cold mastic roof is called a bulk roof. The mastic is sold to the consumer ready for use - one-component or consisting of two compositions - two-component. These formulations are mixed before use.

Advantages of the material

To get a closer look at the characteristics of the roof, let's consider its advantages:

The material is adapted for sudden temperature changes (except for roofing material) from +50 o C to -60 o C. The ability to endure cold and heat allows it to be used in any regions with a specific climate. Some species are even used in the far north.
Resistance to mechanical stress allows it to withstand the impact of hail and branches from trees that have fallen on the roof.
The use of mastic allows you to equip a monolithic roof without seams.
The membrane completely replaces the moisture-proof coating laid on the roof insulation. One hundred percent waterproofing device allows you to save on purchase additional materials this direction.
Roof installation technology is simple. Depending on the type of material, it differs in the specifics of the installation.
Flexible roof structure allows it to be installed on domes and roofs complex structures.
During installation, up to 5% of material waste remains, which is impossible when using a solid roof.
High sound insulation absorbs the noise of hail and heavy rain.
Different colors and shapes of bituminous tiles allow you to equip original roofs.

Nuances of arrangement of joints

During the installation of the roof (except for mastic), the joints are subjected to the main load.

Device butt joint consists of two pieces.

When arranging the roof, laying begins from it.

The work with the joints must be carried out in accordance with the technical requirements.

Installation instructions are included in the soft roof set.

The duration of the service life of the coating depends on its observance.

The butt joints of the roll coating and the membrane are glued or welded seams of two sheets.

To increase strength and create tightness, the sheets are overlapped. After gluing the sheets of roll coating, the seam is covered with crumbs.

Roofing with bituminous shingles is used to cover mansards, towers and other complex roof structures. When arranging the roof, the main joints are obtained:

At the installation site of the cornice strip and the first sheet
When laying the ridge strip
At the junction with each top row
The shingle (single tile) is glued by means of a self-adhesive bottom surface. For the strength of the joints, each shingle is nailed with an overlap with the next tile.

Base for soft roofs

The quality of installation of a soft roof depends on the prepared base. The optimal base arrangement is chipboard, flat concrete surface, smooth board, OSB.

To achieve a smooth surface concrete roof, make a screed with a slope under the water stack. For better adhesion concrete with bituminous mastic, it is treated with a primer.

If the roof is made of a solid board, all cracks and holes are caulked. Before installing the roofing material, it is necessary to remove the remnants of the old coating, dirt and dust from the surface of the base.

When reviewing the roofing material, attention must be paid to the underlay. For it, use sheets without crumb. The lining is laid in the first layer from the bottom of the roof upwards.

Long service life of the roof increases the ventilated space rafter roofs... For this, an aerator is used, which provides ventilation under the roof.

Roll roof and tile installation technology

The technology of laying bituminous roofing requires minimal heating of the surface of the material by the sun's rays. Severe overheating can cause unexpected adhesion of sheets to each other, which will complicate the installation work.

In such conditions, bitumen sticks together better. Let's look at how to install a soft roof on a tile and roll roof.

When starting work with roofing felt, you need to pay attention to its marking. The letter "P" in the designation indicates that this is a lining roofing material without crumb. It is laid in the first layer. The letter "K" means that roofing material is roofing. It is laid with the top layer.

The following letters in the designation of roofing felt after the letter "K" indicate the type of stone chips used for top cover material.

We calculate the coating layers and choose the mastic

In order for the roofing material to be strong, it is necessary to correctly calculate the number of layers. As a rule, the smaller the angle of inclination of the roof, the more layers will be required to lay roofing material.

More information about the technology of installation of roofing membranes is presented in the video:

Today there are a huge number of different roofing materials for roofs that have high quality technical characteristics and a long service life. But the soft roofing made of bituminous tiles deserves special attention. This is a multilayer material created on the basis of polymer bitumen, reinforced with fiberglass and covered on the outside with mineral spillage from slate or basalt, and on the bottom with a sand or film layer. Flexible shingles have a long service life and high temperature resistance.

How to cover the roof with a soft roof with your own hands: photo, video

Flexibility and plasticity, thanks to which you can lay out roofs of different geometric shapes without any restrictions. The material will fit snugly without losing characteristics when bent.
Little waste because shingles are different small size, which allows you to use it more efficiently.
In order to cover the roof with a soft roof, one person is enough, since its weight is relatively low.
Heat resistance up to +110 0 С, frost resistance up to - 45 0 С, which makes it possible to use it regardless of the type of climate.
Simplicity and high speed of installation.
The smooth surface allows the construction of roofs with minimum slope to the horizon.
The ability not only to choose any color, but also to lay out beautiful images in the form of a mosaic.
When various precipitation falls on a soft roof, there is no noise at all.
Lack of sail.
High safety in the event of lightning striking the roof, as it does not conduct electricity.

Before covering the roof with a soft roof, you need to perform a careful calculation of building materials in order to have an idea of the upcoming costs. Soft roofing differs greatly in the way of laying and construction from other materials and has some peculiarities. The first thing you need is to measure and calculate the roof area.

The calculation for rectangular roofs is very easy to perform: just multiply the width by the length of each site, and then add the resulting areas. If the roof differs more complex shape, it is necessary to divide it into several simple figures, then calculate their areas and add them. So, you can calculate the number of packages that you need to buy with a small margin (about 3%). Having an idea of the total area, you need to calculate the number of carpet rolls.

The structure of shingles

Since shingles are used on the eaves and skates unusual shape, at the second stage it is worth calculating their length. All this is needed to buy ready-made, and not spend a lot of time cutting solid tiles, thereby increasing the amount of waste. Based on the length of the cornices and gables, it is also worth purchasing the appropriate metal strips.

The next step is to calculate all consumables. Usually, nails are used to fix the tiles, the number of which is determined by dividing the roof area in m 2 by 10. The result is equal to the weight of the nails in kilograms. The amount of glue is calculated based on the sum of the lengths in meters: the end parts of the roof divided by 5, the end parts divided by 10, and the adjacent places to the roof, divided by 1.4.

Attention! All calculated values should be increased upwards. To make the calculations easier, make a drawing based on your measurements.

Roofing cake structure

It is worth laying bituminous shingles with a well-prepared surface. Moreover, the base of the roof must meet the following requirements:

The lathing must be rigid and strong in order to be able to carry out maintenance work. At the same time, it must be able to withstand the weight of ice and snow. So maximum distance between adjacent transverse boards should be no more than 150 mm and correspond to the length of the tile element. As for the size of the boards, it should be 100x15 mm. The distance between the longitudinal boards must correspond to two intervals between the cross boards.
As a result of thermal expansion, a small gap should remain between the boards (about 5 mm).
In no case should the moisture content of the boards be less than 20%, while they must be well ventilated.
During installation on the OSB panel, the seams must completely coincide with the rafters, otherwise the sheet may break.
All wooden parts are treated with antiseptic agents.

Attention! The mandatory rule is to ensure high-quality ventilation roofs to reduce the temperature of the battens in summer, to prevent ice from freezing on the tiles, to ensure optimal ventilation. Therefore, it is worth leaving the ventilation openings at a high height to create a hood, and at the bottom for air flow.

You should not start laying the lining and tile layers if the temperature is below +5 0 С, since the self-adhesive layer will not seize properly, and the fragility of the roofing material will also increase. V winter period you can perform work on the installation of lathing, insulation, as well as waterproofing. However, if you need an urgent commissioning of the object, then it is worth buying or renting special heating tools that will evenly warm the roof and ensure good adhesion of the layers.

Such a process is quite complicated and requires experience, therefore, independently undertake such work in winter time it is not worth it, but it is better to entrust the work to professionals or wait for the warming.

Attention! It is important that under the shingles there is a special lining layer that will act as a waterproofing and reinforcing layer. It is a material based on fiberglass, coated with polyester or bitumen with protective coatings in the form of a spill of basalt at the top and a silicone film at the bottom. Its thickness can be up to 2 mm.

Taking into account the angle of inclination, the lining can be installed in different ways: if it is up to 18 0, then it can be forgiven over the entire surface of the roof, and with more, only in the ridge, cornice, end parts (in order to save money). The material is laid from the bottom of the roof to the top.

Alignment takes place in relation to the cornice and end parts. After that, it is fastened with nails at the bottom in increments of approximately 200 mm, which guarantees an excellent seal. The next layers are formed by overlapping the previous one with an overlap of about 100 mm.

Attention! In order to protect the eaves from moisture, it is worth installing metal eaves strips on top of the lining layer.

How to cover the roof with a soft roof with your own hands: technology features

Roofing with this roofing material begins with the eaves with shingles. finished form... It is laid end-to-end along the roof slope and secured with nails. In order to eliminate uneven colors as a result of using elements from different batches, it is worth mixing them. Roof tiles can be installed in several ways: along a plumb line or at an angle.

Hexagonal private

In the first case, a hexagonal row tile is used. It is installed in the center of the roof light and completed at the ends of the roof. The first row should be laid so that its bottom is 10 mm from the eaves. All elements are fixed with six nails.

The joints are covered with the next layer, thereby hiding the caps from the fasteners. The rows of tiles are laid at an angle of 45 °. At the ends along the edge, an even layer is glued (up to 1 mm) at a distance of about 10 cm from the edge. Before applying the glue, the surface must be cleaned and degreased. The setting process takes no more than 5 minutes (it largely depends on the temperature).

Rectangular

In this case, rectangular tiles are used. The styling technology is very simple. The first row is laid along the eaves so that the joint overlaps. Each element is attached with four nails. Subsequent rows should be formed by superimposing on the previous one. This installation option is the simplest.

Ridge

In both versions, the ridge tiles are laid lengthwise from left to right, overlapping with a distance that is sufficient to overlap the nail heads and with gluing the base. Also, in the end parts, the installation of aerators is required, which are used for ventilation. In places where the tiles adjoin the heating pipe surfaces, insulating strips and sealing rubber must be used.

The final stage

As you can see, laying roof tiles is a profitable option from an operational and economic point of view. The roof covered with a soft roof will match all modern building codes and requirements.

Repair of a soft roof: the main stages

The frequency with which it is necessary to repair a soft roof directly depends on the base on which the tiles were installed, as well as on how correct the installation technology was. Timber, concrete and cement screed all react in their own way to soft roofing, which causes some damage.

Cleaning the damaged area

Before starting repairs, find out if this work is advisable, and if so, to what extent. Therefore, the first step is to assess the level of damage present. If holes have formed in the roll coating, then it is better to fill them with mastic, observing the strict sequence of the materials used.

Repair of a soft roof should be performed only on a clean area, which is sometimes very problematic, since there is a special dressing on the roofing material. Therefore, you need to thoroughly clean the area where the repair is planned.

You can remove the crumb using process oil... For cleaning roofing felts, anthracene oil is best suited, and solar oil is used for roofing material. Clean with a brush or common cloth. With this treatment, you will remove grit and soften the surface for future repairs.

Renovation work

As soon as you prepare the damaged area, proceed to the main work. For minor defects, it makes sense to use ordinary mastic with a patch. However, this solution is not suitable if all roof layers are pierced.

In case of simultaneous damage to several layers of the roof, we advise you to clean the area from the old layer of dirt and mastic, and then dry it. Next, you need to prepare a mastic mixture with the addition of sand or sawdust. With such a mixture, it is worth filling all the damage so that the edges are leveled. On all sides of the patch, the mastic should come out at least 10 cm.

Using stiff brushes and brushes, the mastic can be easily applied to the most difficult to reach places. If you are working on a small area, then it makes sense to use an ordinary spatula, which allows you to apply a mass with sawdust and thick mastic. If a “water bubble” forms in the roof, repairs must be carried out in the same way as in the case of a conventional hole. The main thing is to timely determine the place where the water comes from.

If cracks appear in the roofing material, it should be cut to the bottom layer. Then clean the area from debris and excess mastic, then dry the area and fill it with new mastic. Of course, the incision can be dispensed with if the cracks are minor. They should be closed with mastic and a patch. If microcracks have formed along the entire section of the soft roof, then they must be prepared, and then covered with heated mastic.

How to restore the dressing

After repairing the soft roof, it is necessary to renew the layer of powder that was removed in order to exclude melting of the mastic and heating of the material. To do this, it is worth smoothing the surface and making the roof covering with sand. Over time, excess dusting that does not stick to the roof will be removed by itself. But if you want, then remove it yourself.

As you can see, a soft roof has a lot of advantages over other roofing materials - a long service life, tightness and convenient installation. It is worth carefully following our instructions to properly cover the roof with soft tiles. Well, if suddenly problems arise during its operation, you can always re-read the information on how to carry out repairs.

Surely, you will not dispute the fact that the roof is the main protection of the entire building. Thanks to the modern roofing and its high-quality installation, you can achieve a very long operating period. A soft roof includes a lot of different products, but bituminous tiles and roofing felt are especially popular.

Favorable time for arranging the roof with soft materials

All soft roofing materials contain bitumen. Its elasticity indicators decrease many times at negative temperatures, therefore, using these products in the cold is an inappropriate occupation. The optimum temperature for laying soft materials is 5 degrees above zero.

If the temperature drops below the permissible value, then there is a need for heating equipment... This, ultimately, will greatly affect the final price, but if there is a need for this, then it is better to overpay than to deal with in a year. overhaul... The fact is that when freezing, bitumen becomes very fragile and when the material is attached, it can simply crack. In addition to mounting on the roof, there are places where it is necessary to slightly bend the material, for example, on skates or valleys.

Laying soft tiles

Bituminous shingles are small-sized elements that are laid on the surface of the slopes in the form of scales. Their slope should be more than 12 degrees, otherwise, during the first year of operation, you will find out what a leak is.

Base

If you are at least a little versed in construction, then you know that the basis for roofing materials is the rafter system and the crate. As for the latter, it is divided into solid and discharged.

The discharged crate is a system wooden planks that cram into rafter legs with a certain step. This value depends entirely on the materials used. The greater their rigidity, the smaller the step will be required.

In the case of a soft roof, a continuous sheathing is required. It can be equipped with boards, moisture-resistant plywood or OSB product. If you are using planks, then you will need to install a high-quality underlayment in order to level all the resulting irregularities. The fact is that boards of the same size have some errors, and their arrangement on the same plane can lead to a difference in height.

For the base, it is best to take moisture resistant plywood or OSB boards. It is worth noting that when laying the elements on the surface, their moisture content should be no more than 20 percent. When assembling a solid base, one must not forget about the arrangement. ventilation ducts... Do not fit the plates together tightly, leave a few millimeters, this is quite enough for natural ventilation.

The essence of ventilation

The rafter system is usually created from lumber. These products are of natural origin, therefore, under the influence of moisture and a positive temperature, microorganisms will multiply on their surface, which will ultimately lead to decay. In order to protect wooden elements, it is necessary to treat them with special solutions - antiseptics. If you decide that the boards are dry and there is no need to process them, then you are greatly mistaken. As a result of human activity, a very large amount of moisture is thrown into the air. Of course, this is not visible, but when it condenses, it immediately becomes clear that this issue should be considered more seriously.

High humidity in the living room from below is one of the reasons for the destruction of the roofing system and its materials. The fact is that the air warmed to room temperature rises to the ceiling, and as a result of condensation it passes through the thickness of the material, so moisture settles on the colder side. After the liquid has ended up in the attic, the evaporation process begins and wet air, not finding a way out, begins to settle again on wooden elements and roofing materials.

Natural ventilation allows you to remove humid air from the room and thereby significantly extend the life of your roof.

For high-quality air circulation, it is necessary to create:

Ventilation ducts in roofing pie
Leave sufficient clearance under eaves
Clearances in the crate

If the natural air circulation does not cope with its functional task and the humidity of the attic space remains at the same level, you will need to create artificial ventilation... This is done using devices called aerators and deflectors. They operate by differential pressure and are easy to install.

Underlay carpet

If you decide to build a roof yourself, and are wondering how to make a soft roof correctly and at the same time meet all the requirements, then I advise you to use only proven roofing products and not skip any layers. One of them is underlayment. Many developers neglect this material and make expensive repairs after a couple of years.

The litter acts as a waterproofing material, therefore, it protects the roofing cake from moisture. It is worth noting that even a small amount of liquid trapped in the insulation boards sharply reduces it positive traits more than half and when they dry, the properties do not return.

IMPORTANT: The underlay may not be laid over the entire surface. This is possible if your roof slope is more than 18 degrees.

When partially laying the carpet, it is worth considering that the valley should be covered with 5 meters of material, and the ridge should be 2.5 meters. Typically, the fasteners for the bedding are nails or staples from a construction stapler. In the case of arranging places with high humidity in addition to the main fasteners, it is necessary to use bituminous glue. It will give the connections a higher tightness.

In the case of laying soft roofing material on a roof with a slope of less than 18 degrees, the lining is arranged over the entire area. The flooring of this product can be carried out both longitudinally and transversely. If we consider the first option, then the overlap should be at least 15 centimeters, and in the second case - 10. For high-quality installation, all joints are best treated with bitumen mastic.

Installation of cornice and pediment strips

These elements are made of metal and placed along the eaves and gable overhangs. Their direct functional task is to protect the battens. Ordinary nails are used as fasteners. The distance between them is selected individually, although the standard value is 10 centimeters. For a high-quality connection of the planks with each other, use the "overlap" method, it should be at least 2 centimeters.

Laying bituminous shingles

Soft roofs, in particular bituminous shingles, have several varieties for roofing. The finished plane will include eaves, ordinary and ridge tiles. All 3 types have their own shape and size.

Before installing the curtain tile, you must pay attention to lower part element. It must have a protective film on it, which must be removed prior to installation. A well-laid material should not reach the edge by 1-2 centimeters
The device of the main tile, the so-called ordinary, should start from the middle of the overhang and lead to the ends. Fasteners are small nails, as a rule, their consumption is 4 pieces per element, but in windy regions of the country it is better to use more.

The first row of material fits almost on the eaves, only a centimeter should remain from it, which does not reach the edge of the roof. The device of the subsequent rows is obliged to ensure that all seams are overlapped so that a semblance of scales is obtained. To do this work efficiently, you need to monitor the level of the cutouts in the previous row. This will create an even and beautiful structure throughout the entire plane.

After the installation of the previous types, they proceed to the ridge tiles. Since the material manufacturers do not manufacture this product, you will have to create it yourself separately. To do this, we cut the cornice element into three components in the places of its perforation. The material should be placed on the skate with the short side so that it overlaps both slopes as much as possible. Consumption of fasteners is identical with ordinary tiles. In addition to nails, it is better to glue the most important places with bitumen mastic.

IMPORTANT: For ease of installation and increase the quality of laying at the preparatory stage, I advise you to draw the entire plane of the roof with horizontal lines. It is quite difficult to align the rows of tiles by eye with complex roofing geometries.

Now that you understand how to make a soft roofing from tiles, you can proceed to the next type - euroruberoid.

Technological process of laying euroruberoid

Surely in your life you have at least once met an ordinary roofing felt and you know how it looks. This material has been used in construction for a very long time. Its main disadvantage is considered to be a short service life, which is only 5-10 years.

Therefore, it was decided to improve this product in order to increase performance... This eventually gave rise to new material under the name euroruberoid. I will tell you how to lay it on a soft roof below.

Preparation of the base

Typically, construction starts with preparatory work... In this case, at this stage it is necessary to create a stable and dry base that meets all norms and rules. Roll materials are not whimsical to the base and are quite suitable for laying them. reinforced concrete slab laid at a slight slope. This is done for the natural drainage of moisture from the roof surface. It should be noted that euroruberoid can be laid on wooden base, For example, solid crate or OSB boards.

IMPORTANT: If you are installing roofing material on a surface that already has bituminous materials, then their dismantling can be omitted. When the material is heated, they will be an excellent base for a new carpet. In the case when the laying takes place on a clean base, it must be treated with mastic.

Study the properties of this product carefully and do not start work before the applied layer is dry.

Laying technology and the nuances of this work

Some developers, before laying roll products, prefer to roll them out over the area so that they lie down and take the shape of a roof. I can say that this business is useless, because when heating bituminous material, it becomes practically liquid. This property allows it to blur and completely describe the contour of your roof.

Laying work should start from the bottom of the ramp, and gradually work upward. This allows the strips to be positioned with the correct overlap so that water flowing from the surface cannot flow into the joints. Laying the material in several layers should be perpendicular to each other. This will avoid overlapping joints and increase the tightness of the plane.

The fusion process itself should take place in a calm atmosphere, there is no need to rush anywhere. Otherwise, the roofing material will begin to form folds, and if it does not lie tightly on the base, then condensation will accumulate in these places, which will soon render the material unusable. The lower layers should be laid with roofing felt, which does not have a protective layer, and the final carpet must have a mineral dressing. It will protect the surface from mechanical stress and direct sunlight.

IMPORTANT: When working with a gas burner, all safety precautions must be strictly observed. Knowledge of safety precautions will eliminate the possibility of most injuries.

Before covering a soft roof, you need to have some knowledge.

Overheating of the roofing material surface should not be allowed. If this did happen, then you cannot continue laying it further. Cut off the damaged section from the roll and continue working with some overlap over the already laid strip. In case you do not understand to what state it is necessary to warm up the rolled materials, then the indicator will be polyethylene film... When the pattern begins to blur, it is an indicator of the readiness of the product for gluing.
The resulting surface should not include areas of missing dusting, bumps and black spots. The absence of these moments indicates a high-quality work done. As a rule, when covering large areas happens to grease protective layer, therefore, to solve such problems, it is always necessary to have a certain amount of mineral dressing on hand
The overlap of the euroruberoid strips should be at least 10 centimeters. For ease of installation along the entire length of the material, there is a special strip showing this distance

Before covering the roof with a soft roof, you need to make sure that by unwinding the material over the surface, you can install it without any additional parts. If there is a need to cut the material along its length, then I advise you to do it in a twisted state with a saw.

The joints of vertical elements must go through a special processing process. Such places, as a rule, are the most vulnerable areas of welded roofs. For good sealing, the joints are coated with mastic to a height of at least 30 centimeters. If in your region of residence a large amount of atmospheric precipitation in winter is normal, then you should increase this value to the required one. The fact is that the snow accumulated on the surface can easily fall under the roofing material layer, and the roof will begin to leak.

From the article, you learned how to properly cover the roof with a soft roof, and learned how to work with euroruberoid and soft tiles. I hope that the building you have created will stand for more than one century, and a high-quality soft roof will protect it throughout this time.

The use of a soft roof in private suburban construction is one of the most pressing topics today. This material has many advantages. It has a low weight, high sound and heat insulation qualities, is resistant to corrosion, fungi and microorganisms, guarantees an absolute tightness of the roof, gives it a very attractive look.

It can be used to cover a wide variety of roof configurations. In addition, the soft roof has a long service life and low cost. Another important advantage of this material is that the noise level is quite low during rain.

In addition to high technical and performance characteristics, the soft roof has one more advantage: it is so easy to install that you can cope with the work even on your own.

General characteristics and types of soft roof

Soft roof- a modern building material made on the basis of fiberglass sheets impregnated with rubber bitumen on both sides.

A distinctive property of rubber bitumen is high degree tightness and moisture resistance. It is these qualities that explain the popularity of this roof in modern construction... The soft roof also contains a special dressing, which increases its wear resistance and does not allow the roll coating to stick together.

This material is an ideal choice for roofing roofs with slopes less than 11 degrees.

Soft roofing includes flexible or bituminous shingles, roll or membrane roofs.

Soft tiles

Soft flexible, or bituminous shingles, are otherwise called piece soft roofing, roofing tiles, shingles, shingles. Perhaps this is the most common type of roofing, which is analogous to the ceramic variety of tiles.

Soft tile is a flat sheet with curly patterns cut out on one edge. The basis of soft tiles is a non-woven pressed fiberglass, which can withstand heavy loads and is almost not subject to deformation. Roof tiles of this type come in different shapes: triangular, oval, hexagonal. Usually it has a size of 1 x 0.33 m.

One of the main advantages of soft tiles is the ability to use them to cover roofs with domes and towers or roofs of unusual shapes.

Roll roofing

The second name of this type of roof is bitumen-polymer. Often it becomes the only solution for the device of roofs of agricultural buildings, reinforced concrete and brick buildings.

Roll roofing is made on the basis of fiberglass or synthetic material. This guarantees high waterproofing properties of the material.

The disadvantage of a roll roof is its vapor permeability.

Since a burner is used when laying a roll roof, it is necessary that the material does not burn, but melts. Otherwise, the styling cannot be of high quality.

Membrane roof

Another name for membrane roofing is PVC membrane roofing. It is a membrane made of TPO, EPDM and PVC.

One of the most important features of this type of roofing technology is that the seams are fixed with hot air, and this guarantees high level their strength. The membrane is attached mechanically with additional glues. The fastening can also be carried out to the roof screed. Due to the membrane structure, strength, reliability of the web and a long service life are guaranteed.

Tools required for styling

Laying flexible roofing can be done even by one person. Installation of a soft roof requires the following materials and tools:

hammer;

sealant;

mastic;

roofing nails;

trowel for mastic;

ridge-cornice strip;

waterproofing carpet;

end and cornice strips;

work gloves.

Ventilation system device

The purpose ventilation system is to ensure free circulation of air, which is necessary in order to prevent the formation of condensation in the lower segment of the base. Without high-quality ventilation in rafter system decay processes can begin, and in winter icicles or ice will form.

The main parts of the roof ventilation system are outlets and vents, gaps between the base and waterproofing of at least 5 mm. Provide natural ventilation it is possible by means of the device of ventilation holes, evenly distributed under the eaves.

Installation of cornice strips

The eaves strips are made on the basis of metal and are attached to the lining on the eaves of the eaves. They are necessary to protect the edges of the battens. Fastening is done with mounting nails, between which a 100 mm pitch must be maintained. At the joints of the cornice strips, an overlap with a length of at least 20 mm must be made.

Installation of pediment strips

The gable strips are also made of metal and are attached to the backing layer in the roof ends. Their main function is to protect the edge of the battens. Fastening is carried out in the same way as for eaves.

End carpet

The purpose of this element is to protect the roof from rain and snow. It is chosen in accordance with the color of the tiles. Fastening is done with roofing nails. The overlaps should be carefully glued.

When performing installation, remember the need to remove protective film from the bottom surface of the material. The eaves shingles are laid at a distance of 1 to 2 cm from the eaves edge along its overhang, clearly seam to seam.

Laying ordinary tiles

The process of laying the main part of the tile roofing begins from the middle of the overhangs towards the ends. As a rule, 4 nails are used to fasten the sheets. If the roof slope is very steep or strong winds you must use at least 6 nails.

Installation of the first row is carried out in such a way that its edge is located at a distance of no more than 1 cm from the upper end of the eaves tile.

The joint points are covered with petals. When laying the next rows, make sure that the tips of the petals coincide with the level of the cutouts of the previous row. At the edges, the bituminous shingles are cut and glued (at least 10 cm wide).

Before starting the installation, it is necessary to mark the slopes with chalk - draw horizontal lines on them. This is necessary to accurately position the sheets in an even row. If the geometry of the slopes is violated or installed on them additional elements (dormers, pipes), chalk markings help align the rows.

Installation of ridge tiles

To obtain a ridge tile, the cornice is cut into three parts at the perforation points. After that, it is laid with the short side on the ridge parallel to it. Each of the parts must be nailed with four nails, two on each side. At least a 5 cm overlap is made on the nails from above with a subsequent tile sheet.

Lining layer

In places of possible leaks, it is necessary to create a lining layer: at the ends, valleys, eaves overhangs. During installation, it is necessary to observe the direction from bottom to top and overlap: in the transverse direction it should be 10 mm, and in the longitudinal direction - 150 mm. Places of overlaps are coated with bitumen mastic.

Skates and valleys are reinforced by 250 and 500 mm, respectively. At the same time, the valleys are equipped with a lining layer on both sides, along eaves and at the ends, it fits at least 400 mm wide.

The underlay is nailed to the base every 200 mm using galvanized roofing nails. The purpose of the underlayment is to protect against moisture, as well as from destruction if the process of laying a soft roof is suspended.

Preparatory work

The base for fixing the soft roof must certainly be solid. This is the main difference between installing a soft roof and other types of roofing.

For example, when installing metal tiles, a crate is made with gaps between the beams, since this is a rather tough material. This distinguishes it from a soft type roof, for which it is necessary to arrange a solid foundation.

When choosing an edged board, it must be stored in a stack in advance in order for it to reach a natural, uniform moisture level.

Boards are best purchased in winter and used in summer.

Their width should be no more than 100 mm. It is preferable that the material is of the same thickness and is cut into band saw... The maximum allowable wood moisture is 20%.

The method of laying a soft type roof involves laying materials of this type with a shift in the seams or staggering. At the same time, a gap of 1 cm must be maintained between them. The surface must be smooth, dry, clean. The quality of the installation and the service life of the soft roof depend on these conditions.

A prerequisite is the presence of the following layers in the roofing cake: a waterproofing layer laid on the rafters, mounted with outside an overlap on the base of a waterproofing roofing carpet, and when planning an attic - a mineral wool-based insulation.

Features of installation of a soft roof

Installation of a soft roof is best done in dry warm weather. The minimum temperature for work is not lower than plus 5 degrees.

If it is necessary to carry out installation in winter, the tiles must be kept in a room with room temperature before starting work. A hot air torch can also be used.

The need for a certain temperature regime associated with the specifics of the shingle, which is a sheet consisting of 3 or 4 tiles. It is attached to the surface using nails or a self-adhesive layer located on the inside.

The tightness of a tile-based roof is ensured by exposure to the natural heat of the sun's rays. Under their influence, the sheets are soldered to the base and to each other. At low temperatures this does not happen, therefore, it is not possible to achieve high-quality insulation.

When installing a soft roof, tiles from 5-6 packages should be used at the same time, while choosing one element at a time: this will avoid significant differences in shades if it is necessary to repair the roof using elements from a different package.

This quality is another advantage of this material: a slight overflow of colors and shades greatly facilitates the replacement of tiles and gives it matte surface more beautiful view.

How to choose mastic?

When laying the top layer of a soft-type roof, it is necessary to use a special bitumen-polymer material, which makes it possible to create an elastic continuous coating that can withstand mechanical and thermal deformations of the base.

According to the technology of installing a soft roof, in order to attach the roll material to the roof, cold and hot mastics must be used.

As a rule, cold mastics are used for the inner layers of the roof, and hot mastics are used for the outer coating.

The category of cold mastics includes bitumen and roofing felt, and hot - roofing and tar. The composition used must necessarily contain bitumen, a dusty mixture or filler made from fiber. From dusty materials, gypsum, lime and ash must be distinguished.

Preparation of bituminous mastic

Bituminous mastic can be purchased ready-made, or you can prepare it yourself. For this you need to take bitumen and filler. By mixing two parts of bitumen and diesel fuel and one part of filler, you can get a cold mixture. In one boiler, it is necessary to prepare diesel fuel and filler, and in the other, heat the bitumen (its temperature should be brought to 180 degrees). After complete evaporation of the liquid from the bitumen, the contents of both boilers are mixed.

For making hot mastic you need a boiler. In it, bitumen is heated up to 200 degrees. During the heating process, a filler is added to it. It is very important to ensure that the temperature does not drop below 160 degrees during the procedure.

To check the quality of the mastic, it is heated to 60 degrees and laid at an angle of 45 degrees. If the coating runs off, then its quality does not meet the requirements. If the mastic does not drain, you must wait for it to dry. If the material is of high quality, then cracks will not form on it.

The process of laying a soft roof

Immediately before the start of installation, you need to walk along wooden surface solution of bitumen and diesel fuel. Then you need to start covering with mastic. This should be done slowly.

At the end this process it is necessary to proceed to laying glassine and roofing material. Installation starts from the middle part of the cornice and moves towards the ends - to the right and to the left. Before applying on the back of the soft tiles, it is necessary to remove the film to protect the adhesive.

When using cold mastic, wait 12 hours after applying the layer. If hot mastic is used, the layers can be applied one after the other.

All roof details must be nailed with 4-6 nails.

Installation instructions for soft-type roofs require that when installing rolls, an overlap of 7 to 10 cm is made.

In all cases, without exception, the basic rule of imposition must be observed: lay each top row in such a way that the fastening joints of the previous one are closed. Depending on their number, the next new layer is displaced: with two layers, it shifts by half, with three layers - by 1/3. After that, the excess is cut off at the edges and glued with mastic.

With high-quality installation, modern soft roofing materials can last about 30 years.

Laying roofing material near ventilation pipes

Roof sections located around pipes and antennas require correct insulation of joints and careful fastening of the material. The installation process is greatly facilitated by the use of pass-through elements. Without these components, the tightness of the coating is compromised.

Ventilation and pipe installation locations should be noted before the tiles are laid.

After that, holes are cut. The edges of the backing carpet will be glued around them with mastic. The upper surface of the carpet should be smeared along the contours of the parts that will need to be glued and nailed. The tiles are laid on top of the mastic.

The junction points of the upper part of the pass-through and the shingles must be treated with a sealant. Having reached the ridge line, it is necessary to use special ridge elements of the soft roof. They are bent over the ridge, glued to it and nailed down.

Renovation work

The frequency of repairs is directly dependent on the base on which the tiles were installed and also on the price of installing soft-type roofs.

Timber, concrete and cement screed react differently to a soft roof, which causes certain damage.

Cleaning the damaged area

Before starting work, it is necessary to decide whether there is a general need for such work and in what form they should be performed. For this purpose, damage assessment is carried out. If holes are formed in roll coatings, they will need to be filled with mastic. In this case, the sequence of materials used for this purpose must be observed.

Repair roll roofing it is possible only in a completely clean area, which is very problematic, since there is a special dressing on the roofing material. Therefore, before starting repair work, the required area should be very thoroughly cleaned.

The crumb is removed using process oil. When cleaning roofing it is better to use anthracene oil, and for roofing material - solar oil. These products remove grit and soften the surface for later work.

Repair

Having prepared the site, you can proceed to the main work. If the flaws are small, then it is recommended to use a simple mastic with a patch. This decision will not work if all the roofing layers are pierced.

If several layers are damaged, then the area should be cleaned of the old layer of mastic and dried. Then prepare a mastic mixture with sawdust or sand. This mixture is used to putty all damage to level the edges. The mastic should come out at least 10 cm from all ends of the patch.

To apply the mixture in hard-to-reach places use a regular spatula. If a water bubble appears in the roof, then the repair is carried out in the same way as with a regular hole. In this case, the main task is to determine the source from which the water comes.

If cracks appear, the roof layer must be cut to the bottom edge. After that, debris and mastic are cleaned, and then the site is dried and filled with new mastic. For small cracks, incisions can be omitted. They are closed with a patch and mastic. When small cracks appear throughout the entire area, it must be prepared and covered with a layer of heated mastic.

Restoration of sprinkles

After completing the repair, you should restore the layer of sprinkling. This is necessary to prevent overheating and melting of the mastic layer. It is necessary to level the surface and cover with a layer of sand. Excess dressing that does not adhere to the roof will remove itself over time.

CONCLUSIONS:

Soft roofing is very popular due to its lightness, tightness and affordable price.

Soft types of roofs include soft tiles, roll and membrane roofs.

A ventilation system must be installed prior to installation.

In places where leaks are possible, it is necessary to mount a backing layer.

Before starting the installation, it is necessary to prepare the base.

To achieve tightness of the coating, work is best done in dry, warm weather.

Cold and hot mastic is used to attach the roll material to the roof.

To maintain the tightness of the soft roof, it is necessary to properly isolate the joints around ventilation pipes, and fastening the material very carefully.

The frequency of repairing a soft roof largely depends on the quality of the installation of the base.

You can learn more about the technology of soft roofing from the training video.