Winter morning writing time. "Winter morning" Pushkin analysis

A.S. Pushkin is a Russian poet, a man of rare talent and noble convictions. What wonderful pictures he created with his powerful brush, how much sincerity and warmth are poured in his poetic descriptions. But not only the poet himself knew how to enjoy the beauty, not only expressed his delight, he knew how to convey his admiration to others. Pushkin's poems are distinguished by a deep philosophical vision of the world.

Lyric work " Winter morning»Surprises with its originality, artistry. The frosty morning picture is bright and effective. What is the history of the creation of the poem "Winter Morning"? It was written by A.S. Pushkin in 1829. This year was not easy for the poet. The chief of the gendarmes, Alexander Benckendorff, all the time shamelessly reminded him of his supervision. There were also worries about understanding his work. Pushkin's poem "Poltava", published in 1829, was not accepted by all readers. This could not but affect the mood of Alexander Sergeevich. The problem was that Pushkin, the spokesman for the national and universal spirit, "outgrew the interests and tastes of his readers." The poet became more mature, his feelings changed, his works and songs were not the same. And the readers demanded the familiar and the familiar. To rest from disturbing thoughts, to work with inspiration, to forget the bustle of the capital for a while, the poet succeeded in the company of old friends. On November 3, 1829, being in the village of Pavlovskoye, Staritskiy uyezd, Tver province (owned by Peter Ivanovich Wulf), A.S. Pushkin wrote the work "Winter Morning", which later became famous.

The main theme of the poem "Winter Morning" is man and nature, the relationship human soul with the natural world. Reliable and colorful images of a sunny winter morning are combined in poetic work with love motives.

A characteristic feature of the poem "Winter Morning" is that a deep philosophical and universal meaning is hidden behind the simplicity and accessibility of the syllable. Nature is thought of as an independent aesthetic value, its state affects the emotional mood lyrical hero... The poet managed to achieve his goal: to show the typical character of Russian nature, with which a reasonable person lives in peace and harmony. The poet values ​​man and nature in harmonious unity.

Compositionally, the poem "Winter Morning" consists of five stanzas. Each stanza has six lines.

Further, the development of the plot required the expansion of time boundaries, the lyrical hero reminds a charming person of yesterday's pranks of the weather. Everything was not rosy, sad and gloomy: "the blizzard was angry", "the haze was hovering in the dull sky." This tension in nature affected the beauty's mood: "And you sat sad ...". The human heart beats in unison with nature.

The prevailing mood of the third stanza is joyful, almost festive. The details of the landscape are expressive and original. How much joyous rapture and glorification of nature, life in the lines of the poet. The colorful descriptions of nature in a poem are not a background; the landscape is playing important role in revealing the inner world of the lyrical hero.

But pictures of nature temporarily give way to pictures of rural life. The room, the stove is bursting with its cheerful crack, is a familiar and at the same time wonderful village sketch. In the poet's draft, the last verse of the fourth stanza looked like this: "Condemn the horse of the Cherkassk." But the final poetic solution was different - "Blight the brown mare" - which indicates Pushkin's striving for a realistic style.

The fifth stanza is the most dynamic. Motives of the road, running appear in it. The lyrical hero invites his beauty to visit familiar and lovely places. In the last stanza, a new character appears - "the impatient horse." The horse is a symbol of movement, striving forward. In an energetic movement to merge with nature, enjoy and admire it - are these not wonderful realities of life?

One of the means of speech expressiveness of the poem "Winter Morning" is the antithesis. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of contrasting or opposite images. The opening line of the poem - "Frost and the sun ..." - the first observed antithesis. "Frost" (cold, impartiality, immobility) and "sun" (awakening, warmth, development). The images of the heroes of the poem "Winter Morning" are also contrasting. The lyrical hero is active, full of strength and life, and the beauty slumbers, she is at the mercy of sleep, oblivion, apathy. In the second and third stanzas, the author again resorts to the antithesis, showing in contrast the picture of a gone rainy evening and a new wonderful morning. "Cloudy sky" and "blue skies", "evening" and "wonderful day", magnificent carpets of snow and blackening forest - all these are antitheses, skillfully placed by the author.

Analyzing the poem "Winter Morning", you can see that the work combines such delightful expressions as "blissful eyes", "Northern Aurora" with definitely prosaic - "bursting a flooded stove", "brown filly". At the same time, the unity of the artistic impression from the poems does not suffer, on the contrary, thanks to this, a special charm and expressiveness of the poem is born.

The means of artistic expression of the poem "Winter Morning" are as follows:

- epithets (figurative definitions) - "adorable friend", "wonderful day", "cloudy sky", "transparent forest", "empty fields", "amber shine", "impatient horse", "dear friend",

- metaphors - "the blizzard was angry", "the haze rushed about", "the snow lies with magnificent carpets", "cheerful crackling"

- comparisons - "the moon is like a pale spot."

The poetic meter is iambic tetrameter.

In the six-line stanzas of the poem, the author applied a special rhyming scheme: the first line rhymes with the second, the third with the sixth, and the fourth with the fifth. The rhyme scheme is as follows: aabvvb. In this poem, female rhyme is predominant. These are the first, second, fourth, fifth lines. The third and sixth lines are masculine rhymes.

The poem "Winter Morning" I liked the sonority and harmony of the syllable, the richness of impressions, the ability to grasp the characteristic details. The lyrical hero is sincere, full of vitality, he happily welcomes the birth of a new day and calls on his beloved to do the same. In this poem movement, dynamics, changes are felt, and they relate to both nature and man. The poem "Winter Morning" of the incentive plan. One just wants to, following the calls of the lyrical hero, harness a brown filly into a sled, and, indulging in the running of an impatient horse, visit empty fields, more recently dense forests and the coast. Pushkin vigilantly peered into the outside world and showed it as he appears in this moment... The poem "Winter Morning" is written in "living" colors - you feel and see this "frost and sun; a wonderful day ”, this snow shining in the sun, a blackening forest, a river shining under the ice.

In the poem "Winter Morning" (Pushkin), the analysis of which we will conduct, the motive of movement is conveyed primarily with the help of temporary details. In the evening (last night) a blizzard was chalk, clouds were rushing, the moon looked like a “pale spot”, barely “yellowing” against the background of a “cloudy sky”, everything was sad and depressing, I didn't even want to look out the window.

The night passed - and the blizzard subsided. The poem begins with the onset of a wonderful morning, when memories of bad weather seem like a dream, from which it is "time" to wake up.

Another artistic means that gives dynamism to lyrical outpouring is dialogue. The landscape arises in a conversation with a beloved - a beauty, a charming friend, a sweet friend. She is still asleep, but a meeting is close, similar to a date with the goddess (the "star of the north" is comparable to Aurora herself - in Roman mythology, the goddess of the dawn). The lyrical hero addresses her with compliments (from the French "flattering remark"), calling sleep bliss, eyes with gazes, the charm of an earthly woman as divine beauty.

Both planes, both the sublime and the everyday, are equivalent, they are present in the text until completion. The rest of the goddess is in reality a room with a heated stove, a bed of bliss is a couch, an impatient horse whose run the heroes are going to "indulge in" is a brown filly, the chariot turns out to be a Russian sled. And the conversation with the northern Aurora, perhaps, is a fiction of the lyrical hero, who “It is pleasant to think by the couch”. But his imagination is capable of performing miracles: in an everyday episode, discover the beauty and diversity, illuminate the "whole room" with the brilliance of divine fire, turn a village filly into a fabulous horse that transports to fields, forests, to a distant shore. In the context of the analyzed poem "Winter Morning" by Pushkin, the epithet "wonderful" receives an extended interpretation. The work begins with an ordinary praise for a fine day, but later there is evidence that fabulous events take place among the modern Russian winter nature (snow, frost, spruce, river covered with ice). At the very beginning, the possibility of merging opposites, poles in reality opens up:

Frost and sun; wonderful day!

There are other contrasts (evening - now, moon - sun, turbidity - transparency, haze - light, pallor - brightness, sadness - fun), but they do not become antitheses. The harmony of nature is due to the eternal change of sunsets and sunrises, night and day, seasons ("Forests, recently so thick ..."). The motive of running a horse becomes the third of artistic means, allowing to give dynamism to the image. The winter landscape is concrete, visible "through the window" ("And now ... look out the window ...") and at the same time there is generalization in it. Calling to look at how evenly the snow fell, how the spruce branches froze, how the river ice glistens against the background of shadows from the trees in the forest, the lyrical hero includes these details in a patterned picture that looks like a complex ornament (from the Latin “decoration”, pattern, composed of ordered components). It uses a rich palette of colors (French, selection, combination expressive means): black ("haze was worn", "gloomy clouds"), pale yellow, their "muddy" mixture, characteristic of the evening; during the day, bright colors that create the impression of splendor - blue, white, green.

All of them appear in combination ("One transparent forest turns black", "spruce through hoarfrost", "a river under the ice"), shimmer, shine in the light of the sun, contrasting with the gloom of the night. The static nature (from the Greek "standing") of the daytime landscape makes it possible to examine its beauty in detail. The motive of a "cloudy" evening, when everything was mixed in an evil whirlwind, develops in Pushkin's poem "Demons" (1830), where the blizzard turns into a hellish round dance. This opposition adds another shade to the assessment of a wonderful day, since it marks the victory of good, light forces.

The warmth and light of the sun are matched by the "amber sheen" of the fire in the stove that illuminates the room. New colors appear on the picture - amber yellow, fiery red:

The whole room is amber shine

Illuminated. Merry bang

A preheated stove crackles.

The final words of the first and second lines of the fourth stanza stand out due to the hyphenation (the mismatch between the end of the phrase and the verse, which highlights the word at the junction of the lines). This is not accidental, since it draws attention to another feature of the poem "Winter Morning" (Pushkin), the analysis of which interests us. It is not only the colors that make up the "magnificent carpet" of the text - the phonic contrasts allow harmony to be presented as the coherence of various impressions and emotions. There is no dominant alliteration in the sound, voiceless and voiced, melodious and rolling consonants alternate. Their combination in meaningful groups of words, for example, in combinations of the defined and the definition (noun and adjective), contributes to the manifestation, enhancement of the effect. Already in the title of the poem, in addition to the meaningful oxymoron (from the Greek. "Witty-stupid", a stylistic turn, expressing an unexpected semantic unity; see also in the sound of "oxymoron"), consisting of a combination of words that call the winter dying of nature and the awakening of a new day, there is also a sound contrast: a winter morning. " A similar impression is left by the combinations "l" and "r" in the expressions: "magnificent carpets", "transparent forest", "amber shine", "cheerful crackling", as well as "n" and "r" - "morning snow", etc. All three sounds of different emotional coloration are found in the word "impatient", which stands out in the fifth stanza due to the fact that its volume (6 syllables) violates the regularity of the iambic tetrameter, which the poem is written with (the same effect is produced by the delaying attention in the third stanza due to the rhythmic pause the word "magnificent", which also contains 6 syllables).

The composition of the poem, as well as the figurative, sound, visual (from Lat. "Visual") levels, plays an important role in achieving the artistic goal. The text contains five stanzas (six-line, rhyming scheme: abvvb), of which the first is similar in meaning to the exposition, outlining the place and participants in the action (lyric hero, "beauty", nature). In the second, a recent background is given, in the third and fourth, the miracles of the coming day are characterized, which are not enough for a lyrical hero. Not only from enclosed space warm room, but even from the magnificent panorama of the winter landscape, he tries to escape. The opposing alliance "but" that separates the picture seen "now ... through the window" from the expression cherished desire, strange, incomprehensible to others, shows that the openness of the inner world is felt as an individual originality:

But you know: shouldn't you order to the sled

Turn the brown filly?

In the fifth stanza, the soul of the lyrical hero is fully revealed, since it expresses innermost desires (“let’s indulge in running,” “visit”), the last line evaluates the emotional impression associated with the landscape.

Running in the context of the poem is both movement in space and the passage of time. From memories of dear coast, yesterday's bad weather, the lyrical hero turns to contemplation of the beauty of nature, understanding both its eternal meaning and instant charm, seeing phenomena one "through" ("the fir-tree turns green through the frost") another, opening hiding places ("a river under ice glitters "), trying to overcome the limitations, one-sidedness of time and feelings. In a landscape painting, which in reality resembles an emblem (from the Greek. "Embossed decoration", conventional image concepts, ideas) of the harmony of his attitude, he also finds a philosophical aspect. The image “empty fields” becomes its expression.

Parallelism (an artistic technique that allows you to reveal the similarity or identity of the elements of a work; from the Greek. "Walking side by side") natural and human, outlined in the second stanza ("haze worn" - "And you sat sad ..."), is embodied in the metaphor " let's visit the empty fields. " A person can fill the void in nature, drawing from the treasury of his personality. At the same time, it is not her exclusivity that is important, but the attention to individual traits inherent in a sensitive and benevolent "friend" (an appeal to a companion, repeated in stanzas 1, 5), among which the main one is the ability to peer into the environment, discovering in the familiar beauty, diversity, fullness of life ... Its variability in comparison with the unshakable romantic ideal appears not only as a sign of reality (vechor-now), but also as a philosophical conclusion, giving hope for changes and the coming victory of light and good. In it, too, there is no shade of finality, the movement continues. For the lyrical hero, "impatiently" striving to get rid of everything that he experienced "recently", which was "pleasant" yesterday, it is important that along with the dynamics in life there is constancy. If in nature the seasons alternate, then in the soul the impressions remain (“forests, recently so dense” - “the coast, dear to me”), acquiring over time a new meaning, becoming the subject of reflection and generalization. Inner world not only a reflection of the external, but also the whole universe, they coexist, are really parallel, are located side by side, influencing, depending on each other. The idea of ​​world harmony is being developed, being expressed not in speculative reasoning, but in the figurative, phonic, pictorial originality of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning", which we analyzed.

1) Date of writing and publication.

The poem "Winter Morning" was written by A.S. Pushkin on November 3, 1829 during his exile in the village of Mikhailovskoye. Then the poet's life was filled with loneliness, boredom and sadness. However, it was during these years that Alexander Sergeevich was overtaken by inspiration.

2) Artistic method.

This work belongs to the romanticism literary movement.

3) Choice of the genre of tradition.

This poem can be attributed to the genre of landscape lyrics.

4) The main theme.

The leading theme is directly the theme of the winter morning, the theme of the beauty of Russian nature in winter.

5) The meaning of the name.

The title of the poem sounds very poetic. Just listen, "Winter Morning"! Nature in a white winter dress immediately rises before my eyes. Thus, the title expresses the content of the work as a whole.

6) Lyrical plot and its movement.

The plot of the lyric work is weakened. The poem is based on the contemplation of nature, which became an impulse for lyrical experience.

"Winter Morning" Alexander Pushkin

Frost and sun; wonderful day!
You are still asleep, dear friend -
It's time, beauty, wake up:
Open your eyes closed with bliss
Towards the northern Aurora
Appear as the star of the north!

Evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
In the dull sky haze was worn;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the gloomy clouds it turned yellow,
And you sat sad -
And now ... look out the window:

Under blue skies
Great carpets
Glittering in the sun, the snow lies;
The transparent forest alone turns black,
And the spruce turns green through the frost,
And the river shines under the ice.

The whole room is amber shine
Illuminated. Merry bang
A flooded stove crackles.
Nice to think at the couch.
But you know: shouldn't you order to the sled
Turn the brown filly?

Gliding in the morning snow
Dear friend, let us run
Impatient horse
And visit the empty fields,
The forests, recently so dense,
And the shore, dear to me.

Analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning"

Lyric works in the work of Alexander Pushkin occupy a very significant place. The poet has repeatedly admitted that he treats with trepidation not only the traditions, myths and legends of his people, but also never ceases to admire the beauty of Russian nature, bright, colorful and full of mysterious magic. He made many attempts to capture the most diverse moments, masterfully creating images of an autumn forest or a summer meadow. However, the poem "Winter Morning", created in 1829, is rightfully considered one of the most successful, light and joyful works of the poet.

From the very first lines, Alexander Pushkin sets the reader up for a romantic mood describing the beauty of winter nature in a few simple and graceful phrases, when the duet of frost and sun creates an unusually festive and optimistic mood. To enhance the effect, the poet builds his work on contrast, mentioning that only yesterday “the blizzard was angry” and “the haze was hovering in the cloudy sky”. Perhaps each of us is familiar with such metamorphoses, when in the middle of winter endless snowfalls are replaced by a sunny and clear morning, filled with silence and inexplicable beauty.

On such days it is simply a sin to sit at home, no matter how cozy the fire crackles in the fireplace. And in every line of Pushkin's "Winter Morning" there is a call to go for a walk that promises a lot of unforgettable impressions. Especially if outside the window there are amazingly beautiful landscapes - a river shining under the ice, a forest and meadows powdered with snow, which resemble a snow-white blanket woven by someone's skillful hand.

Every line of this poem is literally permeated with freshness and purity., as well as admiration and admiration for beauty native land, which at any time of the year never ceases to amaze the poet. Moreover, Alexander Pushkin does not seek to hide his overwhelming feelings, as many of his fellow writers did in the 19th century. Therefore, in the poem "Winter Morning" there is no pretentiousness and restraint inherent in other authors, but at the same time each line is permeated with warmth, grace and harmony. In addition, simple joys in the form of a toboggan ride bring true happiness to the poet and help to fully experience all the greatness of Russian nature, changeable, luxurious and unpredictable.

The poem "Winter Morning" by Alexander Pushkin is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful and sublime works of the poet. It lacks the causticity so characteristic of the author, and there is no usual allegory that makes one look for a hidden meaning in every line. These works are the embodiment of tenderness, light and beauty. Therefore, it is not surprising that it was written in a light and melodic iambic tetrameter, to which Pushkin resorted quite often in those cases when he wanted to give his poems a special sophistication and lightness. Even in the contrasting description of bad weather, which is intended to emphasize the freshness and brightness of a sunny winter morning, there is no usual thickening of colors: a snow storm is presented as a fleeting phenomenon that is not able to darken the expectations of a new day filled with majestic tranquility.

At the same time, the author himself never ceases to be amazed at such dramatic changes that took place in just one night. As if nature itself acted as a tamer of an insidious blizzard, forcing her to change her anger to mercy and, thereby, gave people an amazingly beautiful morning, filled with frosty freshness, creak fluffy snow, the ringing silence of the silent snowy plains and the charm of the sun's rays, shimmering with all the colors of the rainbow in the frosty window patterns.

Alexander Sergeevich devoted a very significant place in his work to lyrical works. Pushkin had special respect for Russian customs, legends and myths, but he especially loved, therefore, he repeatedly endowed the sea, sky, trees, steppes with human character traits, feelings and desires. The poet, like an artist, tried to masterfully convey all the colors spring garden, summer meadow, autumn forest. Pushkin wrote the poem "Winter Morning" in 1829. This work is considered one of the most striking examples of lyrics, as it is saturated with an optimistic mood, joyful, bright feelings.

Just a few lines - and the reader will see the delightful beauty of nature, created by an interesting duet of sun and snow. Analysis of the poem "Winter Morning" by Pushkin allows us to understand the mood of the author. The work is based on contrast, the poet says that a blizzard raged yesterday, the sky was covered with darkness and it seemed that there would be no end to endless snowfalls. But morning came, and nature itself pacified the blizzard, the sun peeped out from behind the clouds. Each of us knows that feeling of delight when, after a night snowstorm, there comes a clear morning filled with blessed silence.

An analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning" makes it possible to understand how open in his feelings the poet was. His fellow writers in those days tried to hide their admiration for restrained and elaborate phrases. In the poem of Alexander Sergeevich, one can clearly hear the call to go for a walk, and not sit at home in front of the fireplace. Not to fully enjoy the beauty of winter nature seems like a real crime. The mood rises from the sight of the snow-white blanket that covered the fields, from the river sleeping under the ice, the forest dressed in frost sparkling in the sun.

The poem "Winter Morning" is written very easily, melodiously and naturally. Pushkin shows the absence of allegory and hidden meaning) in his work he tried to embody the maximum of beauty, light and tenderness. Here, although there is a description of the bad weather, the colors do not thicken, therefore the blizzard is not able to darken the onset of a clear one filled with calmness and tranquility.

An analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning" reveals the poet's true feelings in relation to Russian nature. He is fascinated by her and admires endless wisdom. Alexander Sergeevich is very surprised by the striking changes that have occurred in just one night. It seems that yesterday a blizzard was howling, the snow did not stop, but today everything has calmed down, a sunny, quiet and calm day has come.

An analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning" makes it possible to understand that the poet perceives nature in the form of a sorceress who tamed the blizzard and gave people a delightful gift in the form of a morning filled with crunching snow, frosty freshness and a snow-white blanket pleasing to the eye, shimmering with all the colors of the rainbow under the rays of the sun. In such weather, you want to run out into the street and fully feel the happiness from contemplating the changeable, but such a beautiful nature.