How to build a simple porch near a country house. Do-it-yourself wooden porch

The porch of a country house is most often built of metal, wood or concrete. The choice of a particular material depends mainly on the architectural features of the building itself. For each of the varieties of street stairs, there are construction technologies.

They will be discussed in this article. You will learn not only how to properly make a porch to a house from one material or another, but also how to tie it to the foundation of the house and what its own foundation should be like.

The choice of material for the porch

The choice of material for the porch to the house mainly depends on what its walls are built from. So, at the facade of a wooden building, it is best to build a structure of boards and timber. A concrete or metal structure can be attached to a concrete or brick house. Tiles, bricks, wood or even plastic are often used for decoration:

Porches made of wood for a country house

Porches made of wood have a number of undeniable advantages. They are beautiful and practically do not require additional finishing. Such designs are somewhat cheaper than other varieties.

Construction of a porch to the house. Photo of an aesthetic and not difficult to manufacture design

Wooden street stairs are usually attached only to a chopped or cobbled building or to a bathhouse. But there are exceptions to every rule. The simplicity of the design of such stairs makes them extremely popular and often a carved or ordinary wooden porch can also be seen near concrete or brick houses.

A wooden staircase can be attached, including to a concrete house

Is it worth making a porch out of concrete?

Concrete porch options can be filled. They are also built from blocks. Such a design can be made at the entrance to a concrete or brick building. The main advantage of a concrete staircase is durability. How to fill the porch with your own hands and how to make it from blocks will be discussed below.

Concrete marches look very beautiful and at the same time solid and solid

Metal constructions

Do-it-yourself metal porch at the dacha It is best to make it from a corner or a profiled pipe.

On a note: Very beautiful designs are obtained from galvanized material. However, making them at home is hardly possible. In order to make such a ladder, considerable experience in working with a welding machine is needed. Therefore, at the entrances to private houses, you can often see painted metal structures made of ordinary steel.

It is better to make the steps of street stairs made of metal wooden. In some cases, they are made of metal.

Using wooden steps, you can build a very beautiful metal porch.

You can build a porch in a country house or in a country house using different technologies. The choice of a specific one depends on what material will be used for its manufacture:

Assembling a wooden outdoor staircase

First, consider how to make a porch with your own hands to a wooden house. To build even the simplest wooden porch so that it turns out to be reliable can only be done by drafting a project. In this case, the calculation of the stairs should be performed taking into account the following factors:

The angle of inclination of a comfortable march varies from 27 to 45 degrees;
The width of the step should be approximately 30cm, height 17cm;
The height of the railing should not be less than 90cm.

How to build a porch with your own hands. Drawings of comfortable outdoor stairs

To make a simple wooden ladder, you will need to prepare the following materials:

Edged board for steps and stringers;
Beam at least 80*80mm. From it it will be possible to make porch supports;
Board 3cm for a bowstring or stringer;
Beam 50 * 50mm in order to make a railing and a canopy frame;
Board 2cm for sheathing the visor.

They continue to build a wooden porch with their own hands by installing supports. To make them durable, it is worth treating their ends with automotive oil. Under them, in the ground at a distance from the wall equal to the width of the upper platform, they dig holes about half a meter deep.

A durable porch can only be built with reliable supports.

At the next stage, the upper platform is knocked together. Next, you will need to make strings or bowstrings. At one end of the kosour, they are attached to the upper platform, and at the other they rest on a concrete pad. Then proceed to stuffing the treads and risers.

Wooden porch with their own hands. Photo of the process of installing steps on stringers

Advice: When building a wooden staircase of a private house, it is better to fix the steps not on self-tapping screws, but on bolts with nuts. Weak fasteners from a constant load in the future simply simply loosen up.

So, we have examined how to build a wooden porch with our own hands in stages. However, without a railing and a canopy, the design will be unfinished. Balusters are mounted on metal studs. Next, the handrail is attached to the bolts. After that, you need to make a visor by sheathing a wooden frame with boards.

Making reliable railings with your own hands when building a porch is not so difficult.

How to build a welded metal porch

Now let's figure out how to build a porch to a metal house. The technology of erecting such structures is slightly different from the method of assembling wooden ones. Install supports from a pipe, angle or from a profile of at least 50 * 50mm. Next, you need to make the frame of the upper platform. The bowstring should be made from a channel or corner.

A porch to a metal house can be made using a welding machine

During the construction of the porch, the steps are welded from the corner in the form of frames, to which the racks are welded along the height of the riser. Further, the resulting elements are welded to the bowstrings, to their upper edge. Then the edged board is screwed to the corner.

Since metal is a material that does not tolerate moisture, a canopy must be made. You can equip a porch with your own hands made of metal, for example, with a visor made of profiled sheet. In this case, the frame should be made of a steel corner.

The construction of a metal porch involves the mandatory installation of a visor

If you like arched, domed or curved canopies, polycarbonate can be used instead of a metal profile. You can make a curved frame yourself using a pipe bender. Polycarbonate sheets are attached to it with self-tapping screws with thermal washers.

From polycarbonate you can make a visor of a very interesting shape

Important: Holes for fasteners should be slightly larger in diameter than their rods. The self-tapping screws themselves do not tighten too much when installing the sheet, since polycarbonate sheets expand with increasing temperature.

How to build a concrete march

A concrete porch should be attached to the stone building. With your own hands, you can make it filler or block.

Monolithic porch. How to build

When building a porch from monolithic concrete, formwork is used. Its form depends on the chosen form of the march itself. It is easiest to make it from the board, and it is a multi-tiered structure (by the number of steps). All steps must be reinforced. The concrete mixture is made from cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1 * 4 * 4.

To build a concrete porch, you need to make a multi-tiered formwork

On a note: A semicircular, round or oval concrete porch looks very nice. In this case, during construction, the formwork can be made of tin or plastic.

See below how you can build a porch with your own hands (video):

How to build a block porch

In order to make a neat porch of a country house from blocks or from foam blocks, marking should be done. Next is the foundation. The ladder is laid out with dressing of the seams. After construction, a block structure, just like a monolithic one, must be tiled or boarded. In this case, you will get not only a solid, but also a beautiful porch.

The porch can also be built from concrete blocks.

Approximately according to the same technology, a do-it-yourself porch is made of brick or stone.

How to tie a ladder to a house

In the event that the porch of a village house is arranged in the process of its construction, it is poured simultaneously with the foundation of the building.

Important: At the same time, the foundation of the street staircase is laid to the same depth as the foundation of the house itself.

It is best to build a porch at the same time as the building itself

However, more often the march is tied to the building after it has been erected. In this case, you should follow the rules for attaching the porch to the basement, which will be discussed below.

Concrete stairs. How to build a reliable

When attaching the porch of a private house with your own hands, it is worth remembering that heavy structures are not recommended to be fixed rigidly to the foundation and plinth. In this case, roofing material or polyethylene is laid between the march and the house. It can also be plywood or boards impregnated with bitumen. The fact is that an extension is usually made to a house that has already shrunk. A heavy concrete or brick staircase will definitely sit down.

Iron and wood deck

In the event that you make a porch with your own hands from wood or metal, you can attach it directly to the plinth. At the same time, bars or a metal corner are nailed to the wall during construction. A wooden frame or an iron frame of the upper platform is attached to them with one edge.

You can build a metal porch by attaching it directly to the house

What can be the foundation of the porch

How to properly attach a porch to the house with your own hands, we hope now you understand. Only one question remained unconsidered, namely, what should be its foundation. Under the street stairs, you can make a base of different types.

concrete pad

Under light wooden and metal stairs during their construction, a small concrete cushion is usually arranged. Next, let's see how to fill in such a support. They do not lay it on the entire width of the porch, but only under the first step of the march. Thus, it serves as a support for stringers or bowstrings. Its installation is carried out as follows:

In the place where the ends of the stringers will subsequently be located, a square pit is dug out to the width of the porch. Its depth depends on the weight of the structure of the outdoor ladder and is usually 30-40 cm;
Formwork from boards is installed in the pit. Further, sand or gravel is poured on its bottom with a layer of 10 cm;

Do-it-yourself porch. Photo of the process of arranging a concrete cushion for a march

After that, the bottom is poured with a three-centimeter layer of cement mortar;
A reinforcing cage is installed on the resulting support, which can be made from a 12mm bar;
Next, the formwork is filled with concrete mix. At the same time, four parts of sand and the same amount of crushed stone are taken for one part of cement grade 300-400.

Advice: In order to remove possible voids in the solution, you need to pierce it with a rod, shovel or wooden stake in several places.

At the last stage, the surface of the filled pillow is carefully leveled. In this case, it will be possible to build the most stable porch.

If a wooden or metal staircase has a very wide or long flight, it is worth building a thicker pillow. At the same time, wooden or concrete pillars of the upper platform must have a thickening at the very bottom.

The concrete pillow under the porch can be quite large. You can build it, including the number and steps

Column foundation under the porch to the house

Sometimes wooden ladders are simply supported on poles during construction. At the same time, in addition to the supports of the upper platform, two more wooden posts are dug into the ground under the march (instead of a concrete cushion). In the same way, you can make supports for the bowstrings of a metal staircase from pipe segments. Such a foundation is cheaper than a pillow and its construction is simpler, but at the same time it is less reliable.

You can build a porch with different types of pillars

Strip foundation

The porch device is technologically rather complicated if it is built into the veranda. In this case, most often during construction, a strip foundation is completely poured under the entire structure.

Do-it-yourself porch. Photo of a foundation pit for a strip foundation

This event consists of several stages:

After the markup is made, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the veranda;
Sand is poured on its bottom;
Further, formwork is installed along the edges, which can be made from a board;
Then, bars 5 cm thick (reinforcement supports) are laid at the bottom of the trench;
The armature is knitted from a 12mm rod;
After it is installed in the formwork, the latter is poured with a concrete mixture of the same composition as for a simple concrete pad;
Formwork can be removed a day after pouring.

How to build a porch. Filling the strip foundation

Important: The veranda and the march itself are erected no earlier than two weeks after the foundation is laid.

How to build a slab foundation

Next, let's see how to make a slab foundation for a street staircase. This type of foundation is arranged under heavy structures - concrete and brick. It is a monolithic slab under the entire area of the stairs. It is poured in about the same way as a pillow. The depth of laying depends on the depth of the foundation of the building. Usually it is 50-70cm.

The slab foundation under the porch is not very difficult to make.

On a note: The thickness of the sand or gravel layer according to SNiP must be at least 10 cm.

So, now you know how to build a porch with your own hands. Depending on its type, different methods can be applied. Under light street stairs, you can make the foundation cheaper and simpler. Heavy structures require more reliable foundations.

The porch is considered an important detail in the design of the house, because thanks to it the building acquires a stylish and cozy look. Today, modern design allows you to arrange both modest platforms that provide an entrance to the house, as well as chic options with stairs and access to the terrace. The construction of the porch is not particularly difficult, so you can do it yourself by first creating a project and choosing the right material.

Peculiarities

The main touch in the construction of a residential building is the installation of a porch, it is a small extension located in front of the entrance to the building. The installation of this design must be taken responsibly, since the general view of the architectural structure from the street will depend on its design. Therefore, the porch is built simultaneously with the main building, so as not to violate its unified style.

You can not do without a porch even in the case when the layout of a private house provides for a veranda or canopy. In order for this design to serve not only as a decoration of the house, but also to be durable in operation, it must be built from high-quality materials and adhere to all rules and technologies.

The project of the porch is made, taking into account the design features of the building and the type of foundation. In order to make it attractive and neat, it is recommended to install small areas that can be additionally covered and decorated with railings.

The device of the porch can be different, but regardless of its design and size, the main functions of the extension are:

alignment of the entrance level with the base of the house;
protection of the premises from water, dirt and dust;
decorative design of the facade;
arrangement of a place for storage of things and for rest;
home insulation.

Types of structures

Each owner of suburban housing tries to make his house comfortable and beautiful, therefore, when arranging it, great attention should be paid to the design of the porch. Before you install it, you need to determine the size and choose the building material for the work. For residential buildings located on a small plot of land, it is desirable to give preference to products that have minimum dimensions. That is, it is enough to provide access to the entrance by laying out steps that will correspond to the height of the foundation, and a small platform will be located right in front of the door. If this option seems too modest, then you can expand the structure by several meters and place the exit along the wall of the building.

For owners of large houses, it is best to build a spacious porch and additionally equip it with a platform for a recreation area. This way you get a chic terrace where you can spend time outdoors and meet guests. In order for the extension to serve as a place to relax in any weather, you will need to cover the roof and install a heating system.

Today, for the construction of the porch, many project options are used, in which the structures differ not only in size, design, but also in shape.

The following types of porch are distinguished by shape:

rectangular or square;
semicircular;
round;
non-standard;
L-shaped.

In addition, the sites can be made closed and open. In the first case, the extension is complemented by windows and a roof, while in the other it has only handrails. If desired, the open porch is equipped with a small visor, which will serve as protection from rain and sun. The most common type of porch is considered to be a medium-sized structure with a small canopy and steps, while the latter can be helical and straight. For houses in classic and modern style, extensions with columns that prop up the canopy are well suited, another popular type is the glazed porch, which gives the house an interesting and original design.

Foundation

The construction of the porch begins with the installation of its base. The foundation can be made in several ways, which depend on the size and type of design of the structure. Usually the porch is made in the form of a platform with steps or with vertical posts on which the visor is placed. For each variant of such extensions, a different foundation is used, taking into account the type of support and the characteristics of the soil.

As a rule, all developers provide for the construction of a foundation under the porch during the construction of the house. Therefore, a monolithic foundation is often laid. Distinguish between shallow and buried monolithic slabs, they are chosen depending on the characteristics of the soil on the land. If groundwater lies near the surface of the earth, then the foundation is laid at the same depth as the foundation of the residential building. For stable and dense mail that is not oversaturated with moisture, you can get by with a little depth.

A monolithic base is installed on a reinforcing mesh or formwork made of edged boards. The formwork walls are hermetically sealed with a water-repellent coating, and the slabs are poured layer by layer with concrete. During the drying of the solution, its surface must be protected from overdrying, otherwise it will crack. As a rule, the complete “maturing” of concrete takes 4 weeks, after which it is ready for finishing.

The installation of a strip foundation, which is built quickly and easily, is also characterized by huge advantages. It is chosen under the porch, regardless of the terrain conditions. First, the markings of the external and internal contours are made, between which a concrete strip will be installed. Then waterproofing is laid, a layer of sand and gravel is covered, the resulting “cushion” is watered for several days and well tamped. After that, a reinforcing mesh is placed, and concrete is poured in layers.

As for the columnar foundation, it is the most budget option for construction, as it requires minimal labor and does without special materials. It is mounted on screw piles or pipes. First of all, a platform is prepared for the base, it is leveled, cleaned of debris, and markings are made. Then a recess is formed in the ground, where the pillars will be installed. After the supports are fixed, the pit is covered with rubble and sand, and concrete is poured upon completion of the work.

Material selection

The porch can be built from various materials, but wood and brick are most often used for this. Much less often, metal or a combination of brick and wood is used for construction.

Since not only the aesthetic appearance of the extension, but also its service life will depend on the choice of material, its features should be taken into account.

Brick. A porch built of brick is considered the simplest and most acceptable option to complement the house, as it is strong, reliable, durable and combines in an original way with any architectural building. Externally, the structure looks solid, during construction it can be given any size and shape. When designing a brick porch, it is important to provide a staircase and original railings in it, which can be made of brick or other material. Such a porch with a terrace extension looks beautiful.

Tree. It is the right choice for a country house built of logs or boards. The tree gives the finish warmth and homeliness, it is considered an environmentally friendly raw material that has been reliably serving for decades. To extend the life of a wooden porch, it should be additionally treated with special protective equipment. In addition, this material opens up great opportunities for design creativity. For example, you can make carved railings from it and decorate the extension with wooden steps and balusters.

Metal. A metal porch is not in great demand. Such a structure withstands temperature changes, does not rot, but it is difficult to mount it and there are restrictions in the choice of shapes and sizes. Therefore, most often the porch is made of a profile pipe, which is combined with wooden trim or partitions are installed from blocks. In addition to the above materials, structures are also made of foam blocks or sheathed with siding. A practical option is a flooded porch, which has a monolithic look and is suitable for any project.

How to do it yourself: step by step instructions

Once the material for the porch is selected, construction can begin. To do this, first a detailed scheme of the extension is drawn, and a work plan is created. The diagram must display a staircase with steps. In addition, before building a porch, it is important to consider the arrangement of its site, which, depending on its purpose, may have a rounded or rectangular shape. We make the door strictly according to the location to the center of the stairs, while the platform can be attached in such a way that it also has a second entrance to the backyard.

The manufacture of the porch is carried out strictly according to the dimensions and parameters specified in the project. A residential building should be beautifully combined with this design, so its dimensions are selected in accordance with the size of the house and land. To properly strengthen the porch, a metal post is placed under the stairs, which acts as a support.

from wood

A wooden porch is built as a separate extension to the house, which is fastened with beams and poles. To do this, they first dig a recess in the soil, put up supports and fill them with screenings according to the level, after which the pit is filled with concrete, and the bottom of the wooden structure is treated with water-repellent impregnation. In the event that the house is built of wood, it is best to decorate the upper part of the site frame with boards, and the lower part with siding or other material.

In addition to the wooden porch, steps are installed, there must be at least 3 of them, but if the number of steps exceeds 5 pieces, then it will be necessary to install the handrails. It is also important to correctly calculate the slope of the street stairs, as a rule, it is 25-30 °. To make the staircase easy to use, it is desirable to make its steps large and wide. The staircase can be made of both wood and metal, it all depends on the features of the exterior finish of the house. The installation of the stairs is simple: first of all, they determine the place for the location of the stringers, then they are fastened on the sides and in the lower part.

metal

Before you install a metal porch, you need to make structural calculations, for which the height and length of the steps are important, as well as the angle of inclination of the stairs. In addition, when drawing up a drawing, you should choose the optimal width of the march, the height of the railing and the size of the site. Typically, the angle of inclination of stairs for a metal porch is chosen in the range from 23 to 45 °, the height of its steps should not exceed 18 cm, and the length - 36 cm. At the same time, the width of the stairs can be different - from 80 to 110 cm.

After the design scheme is ready, you should purchase a profile that is suitable in size. For the side sections of the stairs, a channel with a shelf height of 4 cm and a wall of 8 cm is suitable. It is quite durable and it is easy to weld railings and steps to it. The frame for the platform can be made from a steel corner, and 4 mm thick steel can be used for the steps. In addition to profiles, you will also need a profiled pipe 40x60 mm or 60x60 mm.

To accurately assemble the structure, it is recommended to use a special template, which is easy to make from OSB boards. Thus, it will turn out to correctly position and fix the parts by electric welding. In the event that there is no electric welding at hand, then the elements are fixed using threaded connections. Before the start of welding work, a support is prepared, the length of the racks is calculated so that it is sufficient for embedding in the foundation. Most often, a metal porch is installed in a rectangular shape, so the base of its platform should rest on four racks.

Concrete

The concrete porch differs from the previous types of construction in that the height of its platform coincides with the level of the floor covering in the room. At the same time, it is not recommended to make the porch too high or low, as this will create inconvenience when entering a residential building. Installation begins with the preparation of the site for construction. As a rule, the site is built simultaneously with the installation of the foundation and walls of the house. This simplifies the workflow, and the extension is carried out to the finished wall reinforcement.

At the first stage of construction, the soil is leveled, for this the top layer of the earth is removed, and the resulting base is well compacted, after which the formwork for the foundation is filled and made. In order for such a porch to reliably serve for many years, the concrete platform must be made perfectly flat, and the mortar must be poured in several layers. In this case, work should be carried out immediately over the entire site, otherwise separate pouring of sections can lead to the formation of seams and cracking of the surface. After the concrete is completely dry, it is additionally poured with a self-leveling screed. Thanks to this, the joints will hide, and the coating will turn out to be even.

from brick

A brick porch is considered the most durable, but in order for the structure to really last for more than a dozen years, you need to correctly draw up its design and adhere to certain technologies during installation. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that such a porch should be 1.5 times wider than the front door, and the height of the platform should not exceed 0.2 m. Installation of the structure begins with pouring the foundation, while crushed stone must be poured under the concrete base.

When the foundation is ready, you can start laying out the finishing material. The brick should be laid on a previously prepared cement mortar. In order to protect the extension from moisture, waterproofing is additionally done, which is overtaken in two layers on the foundation. After the brickwork is completed, they proceed to the installation of steps and finishing the basement.

Finishing and design

In order for the porch to complement the style of the house in an original way, it can be decorated with various decorative elements using a variety of colors and materials.

Today, European-style designs are very popular. A distinctive feature of such a porch is the presence of regular shapes, clear lines and rigor of design. For decoration, in this case, facing tiles are used, forged canopies are made and lanterns are installed.
Many owners of suburban housing also prefer the French style, which is characterized by a large glass front door and a huge number of flowerpots on the porch.

As for the classical style, in it the porch must necessarily have racks and railings, which are often painted white. An unusual solution would be the construction of a structure in the form of an arch, it will combine a gazebo and a porch at the same time. Such a romantic design is ideal for a brick house.
To surprise guests with an interesting design option, it is recommended to install a patio porch, which is an open-view terrace attached to the house. This design will serve as a convenient place for outdoor recreation and family dinners.
Russian-style designs are also in great demand in modern design, they are in harmony with the wooden trim of the house, have large steps and are decorated with many carved patterns.

Beautiful examples

There are many design ideas with which even a primitive brick porch will take on an original look. To do this, the upper part of the structure is made of reinforced concrete, and the sides are lined with decorative bricks. The finishing touch in such a composition will be beautiful railings and lighting fixtures, thanks to which the entrance to the house will look very solemn.

In addition, the porch can be made semicircular in shape, this will help smooth out even lines and corners. Finishing in this case is best done from brick or natural stone, and the main highlight of the design will be the first step, laid out in a semicircle.

Country houses can be supplemented with a porch of any shape and size, while it is recommended to choose trapezoidal type options, they will not only emphasize the beauty of the architectural structure in an original way, but also harmoniously fit into the landscape design. The decoration of the structure can be made from any material, but decorative bricks and marbled tiles will look especially attractive.

For spacious cottages, the right solution would be a large porch attached to the terrace, on which you can equip both a summer terrace and arrange a place for a winter garden. Such a design will act not only as an element of decor, but also reliably protect the main building from the negative effects of climatic conditions. It is best to build a structure from wood, it will fit into any style and give the building a homely feel. In addition, a porch with a terrace, decorated with wood and stone at the same time, will look no less original. Facing in this case, it is desirable to make of gray stone.

If the house is located on an uneven site, then iron piles are used to build the porch., they take up little space and allow the structure to be placed along the facade. Thanks to this porch model, you can simultaneously create several levels in the form of platforms and terraces, and install a reversal type staircase. Thanks to this, the entrance to the house will be comfortable, and a narrow extension will save space and arrange flowers or original lanterns.

A real decoration for a country house will be a brick porch with wrought iron railings. The steps are best arranged in a circle from the main platform, thus obtaining a small structure that provides entry from three sides. To protect the entrance from the sun and rain, you can additionally manufacture and install a metal visor. At the same time, the decor of the visor should be completely repeated in the patterns of the railing.

In country houses, the first thing to look at is the exterior design. And the perception of the overall facade will also depend on the appearance of the porch of the house.

The facade can be decorated in absolutely different styles, and using completely different materials in the work. Most often this is done from concrete structures, from metal welds, or with the help of wooden inserts.

Depending on the material underlying this building, various decoration methods are selected. Of course, it is mainly necessary to combine all the elements with the elements of the house itself.

Porch interior design in country houses

The porch can have a variety of designs, thus we can conclude that the design can act in different aspects.

Sometimes it can be a small porch with a small staircase in front of the house, or it can be part of a large and spacious veranda of a country house, or a continuation of the summer terrace, which covers almost the entire house. As already mentioned, the exterior of the outdoor porch will largely depend on the interior of the house.

Today, the design of the porch is done in an elite form, and materials such as glass, various variations of plastic, and chrome-plated metal add luxury to the design.

Outdoor stairs are now often decorated with classic decorative tiles (in most cases they are ceramics, as their "cold" properties are characteristic of the outside world).

It is also appropriate to use metal forging in the creation of the exterior: it will look very representative and beautiful. Country style is one of the dominant styles in the design of the exterior of the house. Country style goes well with wooden elements.

Another style that will complement the porch well is the Provence style. Provence style implies the dominance of white in the exterior, which means that a staircase decorated completely in white will look perfect.

Auxiliary inserts of forged patterns will add extra luxury. It is not ordinary paint that goes well with wood elements, but a special oil for wood coating.

A few good ideas

In the external design of private houses, you can competently combine wood and natural stone. For night time, you can put an original lantern next to it, which will only emphasize the naturalness of the design.

The staircase, which is deprived of railings, can be made of concrete, and on the outside it can be covered with tiles of natural shades: dark green, brown, the color of fresh soil. It looks elegant and at the same time strict. To show imagination at such moments is the time.

Wooden stairs are usually covered not with paint, but only with colorless wood coating oil - this is done in order to preserve the naturalness and purity of the material from which the landing is made.

Painting a wooden staircase with paint is also allowed. You can create a play of colors by alternating different colors for each step. In such a situation, most often they resort to dark shades rather than light tones.

Light shades are applied only when the building itself has such shades. Another interesting idea for decorating with wood is firing. Surface firing of wood will look old-fashioned, because some people really like this move.

The metal stairs of a country house are sometimes sheathed with wood. Most often they are made from sheet metal. Such variations are very literate, because the metal itself can be slippery and cold.

As for the railings, they can also be made of various materials. Metal railings will look more aesthetic when they are artistically designed. Metal is most often amenable to openwork forging or embellished with wooden carvings.

Parapets can be made using bricks. Brick can be either one shade or different tones. A combination of white brick with red will look good.

Photo ideas for decorating the porch of a private house

The porch and stairs at the entrance to the cottage are integral elements of any country house. Moreover, the correct arrangement of the entrance area to a large extent affects the overall perception of the "image" of the building. With all the beauty of the facade and roofing, the “wrong” entrance to the house will destroy all harmony and will look like an alien element. During the construction of the entrance group, special requirements are imposed on its design and the choice of materials. After all, the porch and outdoor stairs are exposed to increased exposure to adverse weather conditions.

No homeowner wants to deal with the annual repair of a porch that has “left” the house, or climb an uncomfortable staircase with tiles flying off the steps. Therefore, in this article, based on the practical experience of FORUMHOUSE users, we will answer the following questions:

How to avoid mistakes when building a foundation under a porch.
How to repair a crumbling porch and is it worth it.
How to calculate the optimal width of the porch.
How to make a comfortable entrance staircase.
How to make a beautiful porch from burnt timber.

Foundation: mistakes and solutions

The main mistake of any novice developer when building a porch is to treat the choice of the type of foundation as something simple and frivolous, guided by the principle "it will do." As a result, the entrance area turns into a real headache. As soon as prolonged downpours pass, or spring comes, the following picture can be observed in the villages - homeowners begin repairs.

Depending on the severity and neglect of the "disease", the treatment is either cosmetic procedures - covering up cracks, gluing "shot" tiles, or more serious "operations". The “left” from the house or the sagging porch is jacked up, the problematic foundation is dismantled and they are puzzling over how to make sure that this does not happen again in the future.

An incorrectly made porch can pull the facade finish, the roof (if the supports of the truss system rest on it), lead to deformation of the roofing, etc. Conclusion: do everything at once, as it should, even at the stage of building a house, and not hope for a chance.

Potainoi Member of FORUMHOUSE

I conceived the construction of a small cottage of aerated concrete. The foundation has already been poured - an ordinary tape 1.2 m high, without a porch, because. At first, the foundation was erected for another project. Now I’m thinking about how to “tie” the open porch to the house and avoid mistakes. The problem is that part of the roof will rest on the porch, through the pillars - the so-called. "cuckoo".

Let's add that the soil on the user's site is as follows:

chernozem - 0.7 m;
then loam - 0.3 m;
further clay - 1-1.3 m.

Moreover, the clay is of such density that, according to the words Potainoi, just cut it with an axe. The groundwater level is low. Over the past few winters, the soil has frozen by no more than 0.6 m, although the actual depth of freezing in the area of residence is greater. Important: when calculating the depth of the foundation, it is necessary to rely on the tabular data of the climatic zone (the depth of soil freezing in a harsh and little snowy winter, which can happen once every 15-20 years). Based on these figures, the user suggested discussing the following foundation construction solutions on the portal:

Dig a trench and pour the strip foundation under the entrance group to the freezing depth.
Pour concrete piles with a “heel” below the freezing depth and support the “cuckoo” on these pillars.
Screw the screw piles.
Support the "cuckoo" on diagonal beams, resting them against a wall or basement, and "untie" the porch with the roof and the house.

The following advice followed.

Rojer40 Member of FORUMHOUSE

I would pour the foundation under the porch to the same depth as the main one, and tie them together with an expansion joint that will give them some movement. I ran into a similar problem a few years ago - the columnar foundation (filled below the freezing depth) along with the porch “left” the house, and the common roof was torn.

A separate foundation, poured below the freezing depth, is not a panacea for the construction of a porch. After all. it is subject to tangential frost heaving forces that cannot balance the load/weight from the overlying lightweight structure.

The foundation under the porch (as well as under the house) must be calculated based on the type of soil, its bearing capacity, susceptibility to heaving and groundwater level. Therefore, ideally this the foundation is being built as a single / common structure with the main foundation for the house. Or if it the construction was left "for later", the foundation under the porch must be "untied" with a foundation for a cottage.

In the case described above, the matter was complicated by the fact that the porch takes on the load from the truss system. With some movement of the unleashed foundations, the roof can be torn.

Vit1959 Moderator FORUMHOUSE

Two different foundations will live their own "life". How different is hard to say. What will happen to them and the roof of the house cannot be guaranteed. I think Potainoi better cuckoo on remote cantilever beams (the next beam is longer than the previous one), so that the roof is on its own, and the foundation of the porch is on its own.

Potainoi

I will think about how to make outriggers. You just need to calculate all the attachment points and deal with the design.

The foundation under the porch should be considered as a complex, as a single system that works in conjunction with the house.

Repair or break

Sometimes a problematic porch can be inherited. And then the homeowner, in addition to the purchased house, receives a "time bomb", which entails a number of problems. This is exactly the situation faced by the portal user with the nickname dvauha2, when I bought a finished cottage.

dvauha2 Member of FORUMHOUSE

I bought a house. The cottage has an open stone porch without a canopy. It has nothing to do with the foundation of the house. The problem is that it is gradually being destroyed. Water flows into the foamed seam between the porch and the house, which runs under the foundation. The top step is falling apart. Now I am limited in finances, and I would not like to deal with cardinal alterations. I'm thinking of making a visor so that water does not get on the problem node, and sealing the gap. Or the miser pays twice, and you have to demolish everything and rebuild the porch?

Portal users actively joined in the discussion of the situation and offered different solutions. Portal member with nickname detonator, According to him, he faced a similar problem. The porch of his house did not have a canopy. Over time, the wooden railings rotted. Then the tiles on the stairs flew off. The foundation was not rebuilt. They erected a visor and repaired the steps.

Two years later, the two lower steps “left” at the porch. Then they decided to apply a cardinal “treatment” of the foundation - a steel screed was laid from below on both sides (a channel or a corner, screwing it to concrete, the alteration took place without the participation Detonator) and tiled everything.

Detonator FORUMHOUSE member

Winter passed without problems, let's see what happens next.

It is cheaper to immediately make a normal porch than to deal with expensive alterations.

Returning to situations dvauha2. On the advice of users, he dismantled the porch a little from the top from one corner in order to understand its design. It turned out the following: under the screed - the upper part of the plate, covered unrammed sand, which gradually pours into the gap between the porch and the house.

The lower part of the step is covered with asphalt chips and now it is a monolithic base for the second step.

There is no insulated blind area. As a result, the porch "walks", and the gap expands.

dvauha2

I'm racking my brains on how to properly pair the house and the porch, and how best to seal this gap.

Dgusepe Moderator FORUMHOUSE

I think the gap is not to blame, tk. any filling can work like a wedge, and when the soil is heaving, the porch will “float away” again. The gap can be simply closed with a decorative overlay.

As a result dvauha2 I decided not to engage in constant repairs of the problematic porch, but to demolish it and rebuild a high-quality one. Moreover, it turned out that the brick at the steps was cracked, and the sand, which was poured into the entire structure, was not compacted at all. Under the “tambour” slab, the sand is also not compacted, and after the structure was broken, it began to spill out, and the slab eventually hangs in the air.

dvauha2

So far, I have made a temporary staircase to the house from a board with a section of 5x15 cm. I decided that I will make a normal porch with a small vestibule.

How to calculate the entrance staircase, the optimal width of the porch and avoid the “shooting off” of decorative tiles

When erecting an open porch, it should be remembered that even with a visor, it is still subject to the negative effects of snow, rain and wind. This accelerates its wear. Therefore, when choosing materials for construction, you need to give preference to those that have a long service life. But sometimes, choosing high-quality ceramic tiles or stone for facing steps and platforms, the developer encounters an unpleasant phenomenon - the so-called. "shot". Tiles are constantly falling off or cracking.

Most often, bad glue, weather, finishers, etc. are blamed for this, forgetting about one possible reason. The following happens - a porch and a staircase are being erected (we are talking about a stone porch and a concrete staircase). Tiles are glued on the steps, but because builders "forgot" to make waterproofing, which will cut off wet soil from the concrete base; moisture coming from the ground gradually saturates the concrete. Because ceramic tiles are vapor and waterproof, moisture has nowhere to go. It accumulates at the base-tile boundary. At negative temperatures, the water freezes, increases in volume, and the finish coating flies off the base.

To prevent this from happening, on the border - a prepared and compacted base-concrete porch / staircase, reliable waterproofing is made.

In addition to a competent construct, do not forget about the convenience of its use. One of the most common questions: what size to make the entrance area. The depth can be calculated by multiplying the width of the door by 1.5. With a door leaf width of 1 meter the depth of the site must be at least 1.5 m.

A similar principle will avoid the situation when, with the door open, standing on the upper platform, a person, in order to enter the house, is forced to go down one step. If you save on the size of the site and its depth, then it becomes much more difficult to lift large items into the house - furniture, engineering equipment. Even carrying a couple of bulky bags from the grocery store will become inconvenient. The site itself can be square with equal sides. With a door width of 1 meter, the upper platform is 1.5x1.5 m.

Moreover, the height of the porch is calculated in such a way that the top of the site is about 5 cm below the door threshold. So snow and water will not get into the house. To build a convenient entrance staircase, for reference, you can be guided by the following principles:

We immediately figure out how many sides the staircase goes to - one, two or three.
The optimal angle of inclination (rise) of the stairs is maintained within 30-45 degrees. Stairs with an inclination angle of more than 45 degrees are difficult to climb. A staircase with an inclination angle of less than 30 degrees turns out to be gentle and requires more space under it.
The width of the tread is within 25-30 cm. The height of the step is 15-20 cm.

Practice shows that the optimal comfortable height of the step is in the range of 15-17 cm. The width of the tread is about 30 cm. The removal of the step is no more than 3 cm.

It is better if the number of steps turns out to be odd, because. it is more convenient to start and finish climbing stairs with the same foot. The number of steps can be calculated by dividing the estimated height of the structure by the height of the step. Knowing the estimated number of steps and the width of the tread, you can calculate the length of the flight of stairs.

Burnt timber porch and stairs

At the end of the article, we will give an example of a creative approach to arranging a beautiful open porch and stairs, which were built from burnt hardwood timber. Green0568.

A beam with a section of 20x15 cm went to the manufacture of the entrance group.

The beam is fastened together with capercaillie on polyurethane glue. Through one capercaillie dowels are clogged. Under the fourth step there is a jack in the middle, under the third step there are two jacks, which are placed along the edges with an indent.

Summarizing

In order to obtain a quality result during the construction of the porch and entrance stairs, knowledge and practical experience are required. The entrance area can be either simple - made of boards or welded from corners and channels, or more complex - stone - with a monolithic staircase and forged elements. But it all starts with the calculation and comparison of different options.

You can get ideas for construction, ask a question or find the best design on our portal. FORUMHOUSE contains dozens of options for arranging the entrance area. Read and. We also recommend articles about and. In the video - an extension of a wooden two-story porch and a balcony to a log house.

The porch is part of the house, which is subject to constant use due to increased traffic. Made in a harmonious combination with the material of the walls, it becomes a beautiful evidence of the well-being of the owner and his attentive attitude to his home.

Several design options

First of all, you should decide on the options for the entrance group, several ways of improvement are described below.

open entrance

A porch without a canopy is sometimes used for private houses. This type of entrance is a platform that is open on all sides. The railing is not mounted, since the height usually does not exceed a few steps. The site is under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, since a roof or canopy is not made over it.

Most often, an open area is made if there is a veranda behind it. Such open types suit in the southern regions with a dry climate, and in damp areas with high rainfall, open options are not built.

with terrace

To protect those entering the house, a porch of a private building with a canopy is made. This type allows you to approach the arrangement of the entrance with a huge range of different options, as evidenced by numerous photos. The roof above the site plays the role of an exquisite accessory or becomes the final detail in the whole ensemble of the facade exterior.

A covered area with a porch is the most effective solution, it is economical and practical to use. It is impossible to make a separate canopy in front of the entrance if the site falls under the common extended edge of the roof or a balcony is arranged above it. Some options for a canopy suggest extending it to the roof of a car park or a small cozy terrace.

Buried option

This type involves fencing the site with walls made of wood. They can be solid and contain window openings in their design. The role of the roof is performed by a separate canopy or a higher balcony above the entrance. Such a room, closed from the weather, further expands the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house.

Sometimes the area inside the closed entrance is made spacious and an additional kitchen is arranged there in the summer for cooking, in winter they put shelves for storing food. You can combine a closed type of entrance with a spacious terrace for parties and receptions of friends. If you make a solid and spacious closed entrance, then most often you need to arrange a foundation foundation.

How to make a wooden porch with your own hands - step-by-step work

The construction of a wooden porch often does not require an additional foundation, which saves money. In the manufacture of the structure, attention is focused on massive steps and original railings.

The tree goes well with walls made of artificial and natural stone, brick, sheathed with siding or plastic. The racks of the canopy are made massive, if the design intent requires it, or they are decorated with figurines, light carvings, and unusually shaped balusters are placed. The tree is easily painted in various colors, which makes it possible to develop design ideas.

Wood refers to malleable materials that are easily processed, amenable to complex processing. Steps and other wooden structures, treated with special impregnations from decay and antiseptics from microbes, will last for quite a long time, and will not only have a presentable appearance, but also delight the owners of the house with their grandeur and magnificence.

The porch according to the method of joining the house is divided into:

built-in type, located on a common basis with the house and being built with it;
attached, performed in the process of finishing work.

Construction device

The construction is carried out on a natural straight or sloping site using a frame. A wooden or metal box is made, which serves as the basis for the installation and fastening of the steps. This is a budget option and it can be implemented at any stage of construction or after the start of operation of the house.

A porch is built on a bowstring or stringer of a reinforced type, in which a metal box-base is provided only in the lower part, and the upper one rests on the base of the house or floor slab. This method opens up opportunities for more design options, as it has a greater load-bearing capacity than the previous budget option.

Common Mistakes

It is better to learn from the mistakes of others, so we managed to highlight several common deviations that beginners face:

when designing, the materials of the walls of the house were not taken into account, and the porch is knocked out of the general style of the exterior;
errors in the dimensions of the structure do not give a proportional combination with the dimensions of the house;
errors are made during measurements, the surrounding paths, flower beds, the location and dimensions of the front door are not taken into account, which distorts the correctness of the design solution;
overspending of material as a result of an incorrect choice of design is allowed;
insufficient design strength of the structure;
additional treatment with antiseptics and protective compounds of open parts and load-bearing structures in the ground is not provided, which leads to premature damage to wood and reduces the service life;
the absence of a supporting base under a heavy massive porch leads to soil sagging and displacement of the structure;
soil characteristics, in particular, subsidence and the possibility of heaving, are not taken into account.

Choosing a building material

When planning a construction, you should first determine the type of wood that is most suitable for the construction. For street buildings choose softwood, pine or larch. You can make details from a whole log, which looks very colorful for large estates and mansions. Stringers can be made from logs stacked on top of each other, and steps are provided from sawn along the trunk.

For the device, you will need to prepare material of the following types:

porch supports are recommended to be made from a beam of 10 x 20 cm. This is a standard solution, the choice of section for each specific case depends on the load, the number of supports and other operating conditions;
for the manufacture of an array of platforms and steps, a board with a thickness of 2.5 to 5 cm is optimally suited, depending on the span;
in the design, you can install ready-made balusters and railings, or you can make them from a rail or thin timber, the dimensions of which are determined depending on the project;
provide protective solutions and compositions for impregnation of finished parts;
concrete and metal profile (if they are provided for by the project for the foundation).

We design

If you start construction without a project or scheme, then the difficulties that arise will put the master in front of the need to change something in the process of constructing the structure. The presence of all diagrams and dimensions in a visual form on paper will make changes easier and simpler. The project must contain:

drawing, drawing or photo of the appearance of the porch in frontal and lateral projection;
the location, number and height of steps are indicated;
the height and setting of the railing, the frequency of the location of the balusters;
the size and shape of the visor;
platform base dimensions;
the dimensions of the side walls, their thickness, the presence of window and door openings.

There are patterns defined by the rules and regulations used for the rapid construction of structures:

the site is made at the level of the foundation or foundation of the house;
the width of the area in front of the front door, given the size of the first step, is usually taken to be 1.3–1.7 m;
the step in width should be within 30–40 cm, its standard height in parameters is 15–20 cm;
the bottom of the visor is located 25-30 cm above the top of the entrance door;
the minimum width of the passage on the porch for one person is taken within 70–80 cm; for two people walking hand in hand, this passage is increased to 1.4–1.6 m.
if the rise to the site is more than three steps, then the porch must be equipped with a railing;
the front door usually opens outward, so the last finishing layer of the platform should not raise it more than 5 cm below the level of the opening line;
the project lays the waterproofing of wooden walls from a concrete base, if it is provided;
the width of the site is made taking into account the opening of a double-leaf or single-leaf door;
it is recommended to provide night lighting of the entrance group and the territory adjacent to it;
the removal of the visor is done by 40–50 cm in length and width relative to the site;
it is recommended to provide in the project an angle of inclination of the steps and the platform of about 2–3 degrees in order to avoid the accumulation of water and the formation of ice.

We make the foundation

A lightweight structure can be installed without a foundation, but its foundation will help to avoid the dependence of the structure on seasonal shifts and swelling of the soil. To do this, you can choose a columnar foundation.

A solid slab-type foundation is located under the porch and platform and is made as a base for massive large entrances combined with terraces and verandas. The strip foundation is the most economical, as it has sufficient tensile strength at reduced material costs.

The depth of the foundation is best taken at the level of the foundation of the house. These two foundations are recommended to be fastened together using embedded parts made of reinforcement or strip metal.

During the construction, according to the instructions, a number of mandatory rules should be observed:

the base of the stringer beam must rest in a moisture-isolated area, which is arranged on the foundation;
supports are best made from coniferous wood, which works better in wet conditions in contact with the ground;
be sure to treat all load-bearing and structural parts with an antiseptic to a height of up to 52 cm above the soil level; drying oil or waste oil from machines is used as an impregnation;
supports are installed to a depth of at least 80 cm or to a distance equal to 1/3 of the length, the number of racks depends on the massiveness of the structure;
after the concrete solution has hardened, the racks are adjusted in height;
for reliable laying of beams and a log in the upper part of the racks choose quarters;

Installing steps

Installation of steps is carried out from below and gradually move upwards. They are attached to the beam with self-tapping screws or wooden pins. Both those and others are desirable to be greased with glue on wood before use. Self-tapping screws must be well sunk into the tree to avoid foot injuries.