How to plaster the walls yourself. We plaster the walls with our own hands: step by step instructions

All the mixtures described above belong to the range of thin-layer plasters. Despite all their wonderful qualities, people often use cement and gypsum plasters. They can be bought ready-made or kneaded with your own hands at home.

Cement-sand mortar is the most affordable. But the most important advantage of the cement mixture is its high strength. This plaster is used to level any surfaces, even those with large defects. The disadvantage of the cement slurry is poor plasticity.

In this case, a plasticizer is kneaded into the finished plaster. And the solution must be applied within 40-60 minutes after its preparation.

Lime plaster has several subtypes. All of them are endowed with good plasticity, but they are seriously inferior to cement mixtures in strength.

Gypsum plaster has many advantages that make it easy to work with. The material, which is based on gypsum, is very plastic, so it is convenient for them to process the surface. The solution has the ability to quickly solidify, so it must be prepared in small batches and used immediately. With this mixture, you can create a perfectly smooth wall.

Tools for the job

Capacity for mixing the mixture;
Profile for installing beacons;
Trowel;
Iron spatula;
Grater and half-grater;
Putty knife;
Rules;
Plumb line and level;

After we have prepared everything necessary tools, you can start working. Before plastering the wall, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work in the room. In order not to cause any damage to furniture and objects in the room, you need to do some operations. Take out small things, and place the pieces of furniture in the middle of the room and cover them with a cloth or film.

Surface preparation

First of all, it is necessary to clean the walls from the old coating. If this is wallpaper, then you need to wet it with water and then remove it. Particularly difficult parts are removed with sharp tools. Paint or old plaster must be removed as well. Otherwise, a fresh layer of mortar may either not adhere to such a surface, or will move away from the wall over time.

To check the strength of the old layer, it is tapped with some heavy object. If you hear ringing sound, then this part of the wall needs to be cleaned. With a dull sound, a section of the surface can be left, since here the plaster is held tightly.

All cracks must be embroidered with a knife or hatchet, and large chips are treated with a grinder. After that, all the cracks and gaps in the wall are filled with a plaster mixture, and in some cases they are also glued with a special mesh.

It should be noted that the plaster different surfaces must have individual characteristics. For example, to cover walls made of stone, brick or concrete with cement plaster, you first need to make a skim. It is done with an ax or chisel. Moreover, the depth of the recesses should be about 1 cm. This makes it possible for the solution to reliably adhere to the surface.

Correct plastering of wooden walls also has its own characteristics. Before starting to apply the plaster mixture to a wooden surface, a grid-shaped shingle is applied to it. Some builders use a special metal mesh for this purpose.

Primer

After carrying out the above work, the area must be thoroughly cleaned of all kinds of dirt. Experts recommend priming the surface before plastering. Some masters sometimes skip this important stage of preparation, using just water.

However, the primer is able to soak deeply into the material to which the mixture will be applied. At the same time, it significantly increases the adhesion of the solution to the surface, and also protects it from moisture penetration. Today on the market you can find a primer for any kind of material. For wooden surfaces there is an antiseptic impregnation.

Installation of beacons

After priming some surfaces that do not have strong flaws, you can start plastering. However, there are walls with obvious deviations. In this case, you need to install beacons. Experts advise not to neglect this process. Otherwise, some problems may arise.

A lighthouse is a device thanks to which it is possible to create a flat surface. There are several types of lighthouses: wooden slats, a metal profile, the use of the solution itself, etc. Beginners are advised not to use wooden slats. Despite the low cost of rails, working with them requires experience. Otherwise, they will not give good quality.

The metal beacon is only used once. After removing it from the wall, it becomes unsuitable for further use. However, work is done quickly and efficiently using this profile.

Professionals recommend that private traders who make repairs on their own be sure to use beacons. This plastering method is especially suitable for the treatment of small areas. In this case, the quality of work will be provided to you.

Plastering process

The plaster is applied to the surface at least 3 layers in succession.

1 layer - spray

2nd layer - soil.

3rd layer - cover.

If you will be using a ready-made mixture, be sure to first read the instructions on how to properly lay the plaster. Apply the first layer of mortar to the wall using a trowel. Try to make the movement of your hand sharp, then the mixture will adhere successfully to the surface and not scatter to the sides.

Apply the second layer (primer) to the wall using a wide spatula. This layer is carried out 1-3 times, depending on the desired thickness. So, a surface made of a porous material must be primed twice. The plaster is equalized by the lighthouses using the rule. We do not let the soil dry completely, and immediately apply the third layer - a cover.

Now you can remove the beacons and start finishing the walls - grouting. This part of the work is done with a float (spongy or felt). Please note that the gypsum plaster must be smoothed out no later than 3 hours after it has been applied.

Surface painting is started after 14 days in case of gypsum plaster. But cement-lime plaster can be painted only after one month.

There are several types of plaster. Plaster can be gypsum, cement-lime and cement-sand. Each has its own pros and cons. And the better to plaster the walls, now we'll figure it out.

Gypsum plaster the most optimal option for indoor plaster. Adheres firmly to the surface, easy to handle during production plastering works... Such plaster is relevant if the plaster layer does not exceed 5 cm. Otherwise, it is better to use drywall.

Cement-lime plaster very relevant in plastering the walls of cottages, where large areas walls, there is a place to store the lime mortar and there is a place for a concrete mixer. Cement-lime plaster is as warm as gypsum plaster, but it costs an order of magnitude cheaper.

Cement-sand plaster hard and cold. Its only correct application is facade plastering. Plastering indoors with cement-sand plaster is not profitable either from a financial point of view, or in terms of the convenience of plastering.

Cement-lime plaster of walls

We used ready-made lime-sand plaster and added cement to it as a plasticizer.

For 8 parts of lime-sand plaster, 1 part of M-500 cement was added.

After the beacons were exposed and frozen, we got a layer of 10-20 mm. thick. Therefore, we made a very liquid solution (like semolina).

Before plastering, the wall should be moistened with plenty of water.
After you have thrown the plaster on the wall and cut off the excess, the rule is to let it stand for half an hour, and then rub it with a trowel.

In a week, the cement-lime plaster will dry completely.

How and what to plaster the walls

Plasterers have such a concept as plaster under the rule, and plaster on beacons. As a rule - stupidity, especially since such work is not much cheaper, and the quality suffers. I believe that if you do, then you need to do it normally, which means that you do not spare either time or money to do plastering walls on lighthouses.

Article from the site brigadastroi.ru

We make markings on the wall for the lighthouses. We drill and screw the screws with dowels into the wall (upper and lower) and set them according to the rule and bubble level so that they are vertical and the protrusions on the wall do not interfere with the rule. We do this only at the extreme lighthouses.

Then pull the lace on these screws and tighten the screws that will be in the middle, thereby you get the perfect vertical plane. It is optimal to use 4 self-tapping screws for a beacon of 2.5 meters. Thus, you will never transmit the beacon more than necessary. The middle beacons, the step of which is 20 cm less than the length of the rule, are made according to the same principle. The lace is pulled horizontally and self-tapping screws are exposed.

Then we put beacons on these screws and coat them gypsum plaster... When coated, we check, as a rule, the evenness of the lighthouse. As the lighthouses harden, you can plaster.

Plastering the walls is done as follows: the plaster is thrown onto the wall from the bottom up, then the rule (also from the bottom up) is cut off the excess solution that protruded from the lighthouses. The rule can be pulled by slightly shaking to the left and right, this is especially convenient when a lot of excess solution is removed - it is easier to pull.

In the end, I wanted to show a video on how to plaster walls, this video shows everything that I told about in this article.

Video how to plaster walls

Cracks in plaster

It will be about cracks that appeared the next day after applying the plaster. There can be several reasons for the appearance of cracks in the plaster, which we will analyze.

If you are plastering with gypsum plaster, then you must first prime the walls. Otherwise, the walls will strongly absorb moisture from the plaster, which causes cracks. Before applying cement-sand and limestone, the walls must be moistened abundantly with water for the same reasons.

When applying plaster layers more than 15 mm. cracks may also appear.

Plaster dries too quickly when it is hot outside and you ventilate the room. The plaster should dry for several days.

Not a high-quality solution, it often happens when you manually prepare a solution and add the wrong proportions of components. Or you add something of your own, which is not provided by the factory, the manufacturer of ready-made plasters.

If cracks appear in the plaster, then you need to knock with your fist near them, if you hear a characteristic ringing sound, this means the plaster has moved away from the wall and you need to knock it down and re-plaster this place. If the sound is dull, then it's okay, these cracks will be hidden with putty.

Lastly, advice: pull out the plaster beacons after plastering the walls. Although they are considered galvanized, after 3-5 years rust will appear which will force you to make repairs again.

The alignment of the walls inside the room is performed with plaster mixtures, when choosing a material, you need to know what the structure is made of. The strength and durability of the plaster depends on the correct choice of the mixture. This article describes the best way to plaster the walls inside the house.

Gypsum compositions

Houses differ in building materials, therefore they have different thermal efficiency or vapor barrier, the choice of plaster mixture will depend on this.

The most popular is gypsum-based plaster, while it is very easy to work with it, and the drying process is very fast.
The most important component of this plaster is gypsum.

And the rest of the additives that provide the material with ductility and strength are complementary. The dry material is diluted with water, it thickens within an hour, therefore, the composition must be prepared in such an amount that it can be used at a time, without leaving it for later.

The mixture is prepared according to the special instructions indicated on the package, and not "by eye".

Thanks to the correct work, you can get a high-quality mixture, as well as prevent errors during application, and various problems during operation, such as cracks or smudges.
The gypsum type of plaster is used only for interior decoration, while the humidity should not be high. In some rooms, with high humidity, such a composition is not used, since the material accumulates moisture, as a result of which mold occurs.

The possibility of vapor permeability of the plaster composition depends on the manufacturer. For example, Rotbandom's composition is not used for plastering houses from a foam block, since it removes moisture from the house through the pores.

For such a material, the Volma Layer mixture is excellent. Therefore, before purchasing, you need to familiarize yourself with the scope of the material, this should be indicated on the packaging.

Cement-type mixtures

Now on the market there is a very large number of dry mixes for plaster.

The required composition can be selected taking into account the cost, amount of work, and conditions of use.

It should be borne in mind that the compositions of gypsum and cement types have different costs, but almost the same amount of material is spent on one site, since a mixture of gypsum is considered more economical.
Such a solution has a distinctive feature in that it is used not only for working from the inside, but also for finishing outside, due to its water-repellent qualities.

Cement is not hygroscopic, therefore compaction additives increase the water repellency of the cement slurry.

Thus, the cement composition has a high resistance to moisture, and can be used in a bathroom, washroom or kitchen. Cement-based plaster mix is very durable and adheres well to any material, and also has a long service life.

Cement-plastered surfaces are characterized by increased resistance to mechanical damage, and can be used not only for wall decoration, but for the repair of individual sections of surfaces.

But cement-based plaster has its drawbacks. If there is no work experience, it is difficult to apply, in contrast to the gypsum composition. First, you need to learn how to prepare a mixture of different consistencies. It is also necessary to remember that such a mixture is very heavy, therefore, when a large layer is applied, reinforcement is performed using a metal mesh.

There are also mortars made from sand, cement, and lime, they have been used for a very long time in construction. Such compositions are characterized by low cost, and also prevent the appearance of mold and mildew.

Many add components in an arbitrary amount, which subsequently leads to cracking or flaking of the surfaces. In order for the solution to be of high quality, it is necessary to observe the correct proportions, all components should not be expired, and the sand is taken in the middle fraction.

Polymer type plaster

In addition to mixtures of gypsum and cement, there is a polymer type of plaster.

Such material is not used for leveling surfaces; it serves as a decorative coating on a flat wall. You can also make decorative plaster from gypsum with your own hands.
Plaster polymer mixtures can have different compositions that help to make the surface of different textures and colors.

The solution is applied in a small layer to a concrete, cement or plasterboard surface. Such mixtures are highly resistant to moisture, so they can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Plasters are divided into different types, it depends on the added binder, they can be acrylic, silicate, silicone or siloxane.

Polymer-based plaster solutions adhere well to surfaces and can hide minor irregularities or other imperfections. To seal minor cracks, this compound is used with fiberglass mesh.

Such compositions are waterproof, resistant to mechanical stress, capable of passing steam, thanks to this, mold and mildew do not form on the surface. This type of material helps to improve the soundproofing and thermal insulation qualities in the room.

To apply plaster, you do not need special skill, this work can be done even by a person who has no experience, since the mixture has high plasticity and fits well on the surface. When working, use ordinary tools, that is, a spatula, trowel and other ordinary objects for plaster.

What is the best material to choose?

When choosing a material for plastering walls from the inside, you need to take into account that it is easier to work with gypsum, but this type of composition is not used in all rooms.

Since it is not resistant to moisture, it cannot be used in washrooms, bathrooms or kitchens, otherwise it will absorb moisture and become moldy. This will spoil the appearance of the surface, and destroy the material itself, which will lead to the need for new repairs.

If you plan to finish the walls in a dry room, then this type of material will be ideal, it fits well on the surface, dries quickly, and creates ease of use.

There is a large selection of universal plasters on the market today that can be suitable for any premises, but they will differ in their cost.

The cement type of plaster material has a high resistance to humidity, therefore it can be used both indoors and outdoors, it is used in rooms with high humidity, also for finishing the basements of corridors or utility rooms that are not heated or provided with minimal heating.

An excellent option for finishing the premises from the inside is decorative plaster.

It can be used to treat the surface of walls inside and outside, since the material is resistant to moisture. In addition to various additives, the mixture includes different colors, which can be selected immediately, and not resort to further surface treatment. This type of material is distinguished by ease of use, antiseptic qualities, the ability to use in wet rooms, after finishing, the surface has an attractive appearance.

Thus, when choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account the microclimate of the room, as well as all the features of the plaster composition.

Some mixtures are not suitable for finishing rooms with high humidity. There are a lot of modern materials on the market that allow you to make the surface of the original, without additional processing.

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DIY wall plaster

Plaster is a finishing material that is a hardening mortar.

How to plaster walls correctly

The plastering process consists of several stages.

What is the best way to plaster concrete walls?

To achieve a quality result, follow all our recommendations.

Surface preparation for plastering

First of all, you need to thoroughly clean the surface. If you plaster the ceiling, then you need to wash off the old whitewash. It is necessary to remove wallpaper, paint, dust and dirt from the walls.

Depending on the base material, sometimes it is necessary to carry out additional preparatory work (fix the shingles, deepen the seams of the brickwork, etc.).

For more information, read the article Features of plastering different surfaces on our website.

We ground the walls

The primer ensures the adhesion of the plaster and strengthens it. For brick walls, a regular primer is suitable, for aerated concrete or sand-lime brick it is better to use a deep penetration primer, for concrete surfaces use concrete contact.

We align the walls with plaster

Using the level and the rule, it is necessary to measure the curvature of the walls and make markings for the lighthouses.

For more information, read the article Aligning walls with plaster on beacons.

Preparing the solution

Plaster is produced on the basis of materials such as gypsum, lime or cement.

What material is more suitable for your wall, how to properly prepare the solution, what proportions must be observed and much more, you will learn by reading the article How to choose a plaster and make a mixture.

Apply plaster

Walls should be plastered in 3 stages, or rather in 3 layers:

Spray - the first layer of plaster, the thickness of which does not exceed 5 mm. This layer is more liquid than the subsequent ones, it penetrates well into small cracks.

The soil is a thicker layer that provides required thickness finishes.

Covering - last layer no more than 2 mm.

This layer serves for the final leveling of the plaster.

How to plaster walls with a trowel

The solution is applied with a trowel (spatula). For plastering, it is better to use two trowels: a long one and a short one. With a short spatula, apply the solution to a long one, throw the solution onto the wall with sharp strokes.

After that, it is necessary to carry out the rule from the bottom up several times, leveling the solution and removing its excess.

The last time the rule needs to be drawn from top to bottom (for final alignment).

Each layer can only be applied after the previous one has completely dried!

Plaster grout

While the topcoat is still fresh, rub down the plastered surface.

This procedure is performed using a grater. The grater must be pressed firmly against the wall and rotated counterclockwise in a circular motion. After circular grouting, streaks will remain on the surface. To remove them, you need to once again go through the "distillation" float, as shown in the figure.

Internal wall plastering is complete.

After the plaster has dried, you can glue the wallpaper or carry out other final finishing work.

Learn more about the technology of plastering not only walls, but also slopes, as well as internal and outer corners, you can in our article Plastering slopes and corners.

To be fully aware of this issue, we strongly recommend that you look through various video materials on the plaster of the walls with your own hands.

Plaster is used for leveling walls, protecting walls from moisture. At the same time, it is a coating that allows walls to breathe in order to obtain different surface textures in order to increase the power of thin partitions. The plaster has acoustic insulation properties.

Inserting walls is a tricky process, but it can still be done manually.

How to draw a wall for plastering work

To apply a coat of fresh plaster, remove the wall and old plaster from the wall that is not on the wall.

If the wall surface is smooth, then the chisel is cut or brushed. In the wall, we expand the joints to a depth of 1-2 cm. In addition, the surface of the walls is carefully removed from dust (this is possible with a vacuum cleaner).

Before moistening, the walls are moistened.

Cleaning rooms in the apartment: how to choose, characteristics and advantages

If the walls are wooden, they need to use nail plaster. On the walls, it is recommended to touch the guides that will establish the plaster plane. All rubbish near the walls is removed, polyethylene film placed on the floor, as part of the solution falls.

When the wall is ready, the plaster can burst violently.

Do not apply plaster mortar to a concrete wall. Plaster and cement are included in chemical reaction, the gypsum expands and disintegrates, and the gypsum penetrates the concrete wall and breaks it down. To prevent this, the wall is treated with a 4 mm thick mortar. Don't mask the walls lime mortar on the plaster.

In these places, the plaster will be cracked. Care should be taken to close heating elements plaster.

Plastering solution

Ready mix for plastering walls is sold in stores.

Dilute it with water, strictly following the instructions on the package. If the mortar is too thick, it can be reduced to the desired consistency with a little water.

Use plaster

The plaster on the wall is applied by spraying.

The amount of mortar required on this site should be used on the wall. Using a sharp hand motion, use the mortar to stick it to the wall and not stick.

If there is no spray, wall plastering can be done using a shelf.

This method is simpler, but at the same time more time consuming. The shelf is made of wood. Its width and height are 12 cm, length is 1 m. The mortar is installed on a shelf, adheres tightly to the guide rails on the wall and slowly rises from the bottom up, shaking the shelf with a small voltage amplitude. The shelf is constantly tilted against the wall so that the mortar can fall onto it.

Flexible gypsum

The plaster is used only a few hours after application, when the mortar becomes firm, but it is not fully understood.

If you start to cook prematurely, the plaster from the wall as a whole can be emptied, and if it is too late, the plaster will become tough and cannot be leveled.

Wipe the solution with a special 2x12x100 cm plate that has two handles. This is called a semilater. Half of the staff squeeze against the wall and we make smooth circular movements.

The guide bars will prevent you from cutting out more malt than necessary.

24 hours after grouting, the guide rails are removed from the wall and the grooves are filled with grout and rinsed.

If quality work is preferable, then reinstall the rails and continue harassing the walls.

Layers of the solution applied once should not exceed 2-3 cm, and if a thicker layer is required, it is applied in several layers with a thickness of 2 cm. The interval between laying a layer is 2-3 days.

Dry plaster without additional heaters. Otherwise, the solution will decompose and fall.

Shading in the shade

Before starting to trowel the walls, they must be filled.

This will bind dust particles and improve the adhesion of the kits to the plaster. For work, you need a wide and narrow spatula. Apply a narrow spatula to a large number of whales and place it on the wall with one sweeping motion from corner to middle. Excess putty was removed after each use. All layers overlap. When installing the kit in the center of a wall, move the blade from the bottom to the top and remove excess using smooth semi-circular motions.

The first layer of the kit should not exceed a thickness of 0.5 mm to 25 mm. Allow to dry.

The final stage. The surface of the dry first coat is again primed and a final coat 0.2 mm thick is applied. They perform the smallest cracks and smooth mic elements. After applying the last layer of stone, the wall gets a smooth surface that requires almost no sanding.

If the wall is ready to be painted, then putty and grind done in bright side lighting that brings out the smallest errors.

After sanding, the wall is ready for further processing.

Rarely what kind of construction a house or a major overhaul of an apartment without plastering the walls. As a rule, such work is carried out at the last stage of the repair.

After filling and priming, the surfaces become even and smooth, which allows them to be painted or pasted over with wallpaper.

If you know the basic rules for applying the mixture, then finishing the walls with your own hands will not become an insurmountable problem.

What is surface treatment required for?

To level walls with large defects, a special solution called plaster is used.

It has a coarse-grained consistency, which allows you to correct irregularities up to five centimeters.

It also has a very important protective function - improving the thermal insulation and moisture resistance of the lined surface. Both ordinary and decorative mixtures are on sale.

The application of this mixture is considered a rough finishing step. In no case should you skip this stage of the repair, because the curved walls will become very noticeable after painting or pasting wallpaper.

Therefore, it is better to complete all necessary work once, but right.

A prerequisite before starting any finishing work is to clean any surface from dirt and construction dust.

If it is necessary to plaster a concrete surface, then it is necessary first of all to treat it with cement milk.

This slurry of cement will give the desired roughness and better bond the finish to the surface.

Decorative plaster allows you to apply up to 8 layers, but it should be borne in mind that their total thickness should not be more than 20 mm.

Do not apply the next layer of solution until the previous one has dried. If the work takes place in a hot season or at high temperatures, it is recommended to periodically moisten the work surface to avoid cracking.

Types of plaster mixes

There are the following types of plasters for wall cladding:

Dry;
Wet;
Stone;
Colored;
Terrazitic;
Graffito;
Venetian.

There is such a thing as "dry".

In this case, ready-made drywall sheets for wall mounting for leveling.

"Wet" is a veneering method that is prepared just before application.

Colored decorative plaster contains a dye, which gives it a shade.

Stone. The stone effect is done after the layer has hardened a little. Terrazitic is distinguished by its similarity to rocks. It is mainly used for facades.

Graffito is a type of artistic cladding that allows you to create various patterns and designs.

Venetian, which is called liquid marble. To achieve this effect, many thin layers of the mixture must be applied. In this case, the drawing must be performed chaotically.

Finishing plaster and its types

The finishing mixture is different from the rough one. It has a different texture and makes the walls perfectly smooth. This mixture is intended for repairing small defects or scratches.

If this work is done well, then the painting and wallpaper will look great.

The main types of finishing plaster:

Plaster;
Cement-sand;
Acrylic-polymer;
Cement-lime.

For work in dry indoor areas, for example, when decorating a living room, a plaster mix is perfect.

Facade and external walls are usually finished cement-sand mixture which can withstand both moisture and different temperatures.

Experts say the easiest way to work is with an acrylic-polymer blend. Another recommendation from the masters, what is the composition of the rough plaster layer, such a composition must be selected when finishing the walls.

Do-it-yourself finishing plastering of walls step by step

First you need to think over and prepare all the necessary tools that you may need in the process.

Decide on the choice of mixtures - starting and finishing.

The next step is to prepare the plaster solution. The prepared solution should be taken with a narrow spatula and a small amount should be applied to a wide spatula.

This mixture should be applied to the wall in vertical stripes.

How to plaster walls with your own hands

You need to continue working until the solution runs out.

When the treated area is lined, it is necessary to let it dry well.

After the surface has dried, you need to polish the surface. To do this, you can use a special machine or just a skin.

The last step is to apply a coat of primer to the polished smooth walls.

It is important to know that the thickness of the finishing layer should not exceed 3 mm.

From all of the above, we can conclude that the finishing plaster of the walls with your own hands can be done without much difficulty. The main thing is to approach each stage of work with all responsibility.

Useful video on the topic:

If everything is done according to the rules from the choice of tools and materials to the treatment of surfaces with a primer, then the result will delight everyone.

Each master can become a designer of his house or apartment, you just need to trust your taste and imagination.

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

This question is pondered by everyone who decided to start self-repair apartment, house or other premises. Plastering helps to level the surfaces of partitions, walls or other surfaces, making them perfectly even. How to eliminate visible defects on the plane using the mixture?

The better to plaster the walls

Before leveling the surface, you must know how to properly plaster the walls and what kind of plaster is:

Regular. It is used for the purpose of leveling the work surface, so that later on it can be applied with a thin layer of decorative coating. Ordinary plaster protects the walls from the outside from the harmful effects of the environment.
Special. Designed to improve heat and sound insulation of the room. This kind of mixture creates a screening layer on the surface, which protects against X-rays and the like.
Decorative. Serves as a finish, increases the aesthetic expressiveness of the structure.

For plastering walls, the following mixtures are often used:

Lime-sand mortar. It is recommended for interior decoration, due to the fact that its consistency is less durable, in contrast to a cement-sand mortar. The advantage of this mixture is its environmental friendliness and ease of use.
Cement-sand mortar. It can be used for leveling internal and external surfaces. The composition for a relatively low cost can change your brick garage beyond recognition or serve as a basis for tiles in the bathroom. When working with such plaster, you can achieve the correction of significant defects in the walls. If the mortar has been properly prepared and applied to the wall, then the street covering will last for many years.
Plaster mix. Suitable for interior decoration. The use of selenite and alabaster guarantees an absolute smoothness of the surface. The plaster mix finishing process is quick and easy. The disadvantage of the coating is its high price and instability against moisture.
Magnesian mixture. It is an additional component in the preparation of specialized plaster, with the help of which finishing works are carried out indoors.

Wall plastering technology

The person doing the renovation needs to know how to properly apply the plaster to the walls. Then you can already determine the tools necessary for work:

The plastering trowel is the main finishing tool, which you cannot do without. Thanks to it, the process of dosing raw materials, mixing, pouring, leveling the solution is carried out.
Liter bucket. It is necessary for the dosage of the finishing material and the careful application of the mixture.
Half-cuts. Available in various sizes and designed for leveling finished surface and grouting the last layer.
Lighthouses are reiki-rules, with the help of which the level of application of the solution to the surface is determined.

If all the tools that are necessary for finishing are available, then you can proceed to direct alignment. To do this, you need to know how to plaster walls with your own hands. The process involves:

Cleansing, moisturizing and thoroughly preparing the walls. If the covering is brick, then the seams should be cleaned, the depth of which will be at least one centimeter. On wood and slag concrete walls it is necessary to apply frequent notches or cover it with a reinforced mesh with a cell diameter of no more than five centimeters. It is better to cover the mesh with paint so that it does not get damaged by corrosion.
Placement of husks on a previously prepared surface. That is, mortar marks are smeared in the corners, which are equated to the thickness of the required layer plaster mass... Beacons are attached to these places and the solution is thrown into the cavity between the marker and the wall in three layers: the first is a spray of five millimeters with a liquid mixture, the second is the soil, which is the thickest layer (thicker than the spray), the third is a cover of two millimeters applied to the ground, which has already frozen, and then leveled.
Plastering the main wall in three steps. Beacons are placed on it, and then a solution is thrown.
Grout. The applied composition is rubbed with a trowel with intensive circular movements, and the remaining relief depressions are filled with fresh plaster.

How to level the walls with plaster

Plaster is an excellent finishing material for perfect leveling. How to plaster walls correctly? For this you need:

Remove wallpaper trim, top layer of plaster that was previously on the surface. Try to rid the walls (brick, others) of cracks, chips, voids.
Apply the correct coat of primer to new plaster perfectly fixed.
Measure the curvature of the surface before directly installing the pendulums. Apply a level to it and calculate the difference between the high and low points. The site should be chosen at least one and a half meters in order to establish accurate curvature indicators. If the difference is less than a centimeter, then leveling can be done with putty, but noticeable differences need plastering.
Fix the beacons with alabaster in a vertical position along the entire length to the upper drops. Pull the thread on the profile from top to bottom.

It's time to find out how to properly plaster the walls: first of all, we prepare the mixture, and after that we apply the mortar from the pendulum to the pendulum with casts. The process will go much faster if you use a special technique - a compressor (gun) for plaster. After drying one layer, apply another. Do not try to level the plaster at once, it is impossible. Apply the leveling layer with a spatula. It is subsequently rubbed over with a trowel or sandpaper.

Plastering walls on lighthouses

Beacons help keep any surface perfectly flat. They clearly allow you to see how much plaster should be applied. Plaster on lighthouses is carried out in the classic way, which is often used in construction: pulling on a pair of cords parallel to the floor and ceiling, vertically and diagonally. This method of marking gives a clear idea of the unevenness of the walls, which should be covered with plaster.

The distance between the cord and the working surface is chosen arbitrarily, but it must be sufficient so that there is no contact. The first two marks should be placed in the corners of the wall with an indent of fifteen to twenty centimeters and fastened with alabaster. Intermediate ones are installed along the cords that are stretched between the profiles coming out of the corners. How then to plaster the walls correctly? The solution is applied from lighthouse to lighthouse.

Aligning walls without beacons

The advantages of plastering with this method are savings, since the consumption of finished plaster is significantly reduced due to application with a thin layer and due to the lack of labor-intensive preparatory work on the display of lighthouses. So, for alignment without beacons follows.

Required tools

Since today more and more people dare to plaster the walls without the involvement of a master, a detailed and available instruction that would anticipate a beginner's questions. This article is the main contender for such a role!

Should you waste time on plastering?

The word "plaster" is known to absolutely everyone, even children and people not associated with construction, while few people think about the functions of such a coating. Not so long ago, several decades ago, this stage of construction was one of the main ones. However, today, with the development of technology, new Construction Materials, capable of replacing lime-sand mortars and become a worthy alternative to gypsum mixture. These include the well-known drywall.

But it's one thing when it comes about building a new building with smooth walls, and quite another if you are going to renovate an old 20-year-old house. Often in such rooms there is a huge difference in the level of the walls, and it is irrational to level them with drywall, because its installation requires allowances, which significantly hides the area. With plaster, you can achieve a perfect surface with minimal loss. It is also the most economical way.

Aligning the walls is the main, but not the only function. Thus, it is easy to provide reliable protection of the surface from moisture and at the same time to avoid trapping the air. Sound and heat insulation performance increases significantly. And by giving preference to double-sided plastering, you will make the brickwork more durable. In addition, plaster can also act as decorative coating.

Tricks to get a reliable layer

Before plunging headlong into the study of how to plaster walls, let's talk about some tricks with which you can not only achieve an excellent result, but also significantly save money. If the family budget is limited, then you can only plaster those surfaces on which there are noticeable irregularities. Pay particular attention to the bottom, at least 15 cm from the floor. The fact is that the plinth gives out even the slightest irregularities in the surface.

Scoring the walls

A variety of materials - how not to get confused?

The times when plaster was a lime-sand mixture are far behind. Now we will consider the main types of plaster, taking into account their advantages and disadvantages. Such mixtures are divided into facade and mixtures for internal works... The former are distinguished by their strength and durability, have sufficient moisture and frost resistance. To the merits facade decoration it is worth attaching also resistance to ultraviolet light. Less demanding requirements are imposed on the plaster used for interior work. In this case, it is more important that the material is environmentally friendly, therefore it is better to give preference to water-based mixtures.

Walls covered with decorative plaster

With gypsum plaster, you can achieve a higher surface quality, but it has some limitations. Such a solution does not tolerate contact with cement and is afraid high humidity... Part decorative plaster includes both natural and artificial components, while the basis is cement, lime, acrylic, latex. Usually, the necessary color scheme is immediately added to such a mixture, and then the walls do not need additional painting. With the help of such plaster, it is easy to simulate a variety of materials, ranging from natural stone and ending with textiles and leather. The surface relief depends on the size of the filler.

Textured is usually sold dry or ready-made, and the question of how to plaster correctly is rarely considered, because the process is pretty straightforward. In the first case, it is necessary to dilute the powder with water in the proportions indicated on the label. But with a ready-made solution, you can immediately plaster the walls. The work will not be difficult, and the cost of the material will please. One of the latest coatings- flock. It consists of 3 layers. First, a glue base is applied to the wall, on top of which special flocks or, as they are also called, chips are attached. At the end, there is a varnish coating. It provides reliable protection of the surface from external influences.

There is also Venetian plaster... Unlike most types of decorative mixtures, it makes the surface perfectly smooth. However, this does not at all negatively affect appearance premises, and even the opposite. The mixture contains marble flour, and with its help it is easy to simulate various types of stone. The solution is applied in several thin layers, as a result, the wall seems to glow. It is difficult to learn how to work with such a solution, therefore, if you prefer it, it is better to trust the professionals. This is a laborious process, because each layer also needs high-quality polishing. Also noteworthy is this type of plaster, such as sgraffito.

In this case, an unusual relief coating with a pattern and even a pattern will decorate the wall. This technology is also not a simple one. Several layers are applied to the surface different color, and to get the desired ornament, some parts are removed.

Let's say a few words about special mixtures, they are most often used for finishing enterprises, workshops and laboratories. The acid-resistant materials are based on liquid potassium glass. However, this material is afraid of contact with air, so a layer of ordinary sand-cement mortar is applied on top of it. But the main component of X-ray protective plaster is barite concentrate. This is a cheap way to protect yourself from X-rays, but there are some rules to keep in mind when working with such a mixture. Firstly, it is forbidden to dock this plaster, therefore, a protective coating should be applied immediately to the entire wall. Secondly, work can only be carried out at temperatures above 15 ° C.

We align the walls with our own hands - how to meet the deadline

Let's move on from theory to practical part and consider how to properly plaster walls with ordinary mortar. Decorative mixtures rather capricious, so it is better to entrust their application to professionals, and learn how to work with gypsum plaster or cement mortar easily.

Plastering instructions

Step 1: preparatory work

It doesn't matter what you will be working with, with gypsum, lime or cement plaster, the process should begin with the preparation of the room. It is best to remove the furniture completely. If this is not possible, you must at least move all the remaining things to the center in order to provide free access to the walls. Then we cover them with a film to protect them from the solution. Be sure to worry about the flooring as well, since cleaning off the dried solution is not the most pleasant thing. Cover the floor with foil, you can cover it and sawdust, they will also protect the coating from adhering plaster.

How to plaster walls - discovering ourselves in a new construction role
What mixtures should a novice master choose today, how to dilute plaster for walls and use it correctly? Video for studying the techniques of applying the mixture.

After the repair work, I want to see the highest quality result, and without even walls, you can definitely forget about it. How do craftsmen manage to create the perfect finish on concrete walls?

Smooth walls - the merit of plaster

Plaster makes the concrete base for the finishing material smooth and straight. The surfaces acquire additional strength and useful properties.

Do I need to plaster concrete walls if they are flat

If the concrete enclosing structures at first glance seem to be even, they may still have seams or defects in the form of chips and potholes. It is difficult to hide such flaws with putty; after facing with a finishing material, errors will come out. Therefore, plastering the base is necessary. In addition, thermal conductivity and sound insulation are improved.

Existing technologies

Concrete walls are plastered with and without lighthouses. The first option evens out the area and eliminates defects. This technology is suitable for interior work in residential premises, where it is required to create absolutely vertical and smooth partitions.
The second technology will hide large defects, but will not even out the curvature. Plastered in this way are non-residential, utility, utility rooms, garages, where aesthetics is not the main thing.

Which plaster is best for concrete walls

There are many types of plaster based on:

Each of the listed building mixtures is used in concrete finishing. The choice depends on:

destination,
external temperature conditions,
drying time,
the degree of irregularities.

It is advisable to carry out external finishing with cement mortars, since the rest of the compositions have low indicators of moisture resistance and strength.

Is gypsum plaster applied to the concrete wall

As already mentioned, gypsum powder formulations are also applicable to concrete. They have a lot of advantages, but there are also disadvantages. Gypsum solutions it is not allowed to plaster rooms with high humidity. Also, the coating is not resistant to damage. For these reasons, the scope of this composition is limited.

The better to plaster the concrete walls in the apartment

If we talk about the quality of the result in relation to finishing concrete base in the apartment, the most popular is cement plaster... Its main advantages are strength and durability. In addition to these qualities, she has:

moisture resistance,
practicality,
low cost,
vapor permeability,
thermal conductivity,
soundproofing.

The disadvantages include:

high specific gravity,
complex application technology,
time costs for finishing and subsequent drying.

How to properly plaster a concrete wall with your own hands

You can correct the curvature of the walls in the apartment with your own hands, without resorting to professional help. The main thing is to choose the right composition, stock up on a construction arsenal and follow the technology.

Instruments

There is a wide range of plastering accessories on the market. The main ones are presented below:

plaster mesh for a long-lasting result,
guide rails that act as beacons,
a bucket and a construction mixer for mixing mortar,
trowel or spatula - shovels, which are convenient for taking and applying the plaster mixture,
square - a special wooden or metal spatula designed for applying plaster to corner areas,
plaster falcon - a tray with a handle on which the mortar is spread,
ladle - as an alternative to a trowel and a falcon,
as a rule - flat metal or wooden lath to create a perfect surface,
building level (spirit level) or level - devices for determining the value of the difference,
grater for texture or smooth surface.

Surface preparation

Before the plastering process, a number of preparatory steps should be performed:

delete old finish(paint, whitewash, wallpaper, tiles),
eliminate defects (bumps and other convex irregularities),
make notches with a hatchet or hammer, because for better adhesion of the material to the base, the surface must be rough,
spoil the channels, if the wiring of communications is envisaged,
get rid of dirt and dust on the wall by wiping it with a damp sponge or
rinse with a jet of water and then dry,
apply a thin layer of primer. After complete drying, the procedure must be repeated again.

lay down electrical cables in the appropriate penalties,
attach the plaster mesh to the wall with dowels.

The plastering process begins with the installation of lighthouses - wooden or metal battens. Check their vertical position with a spirit level. Next, you should prepare a solution according to the instructions, depending on the composition of the plaster.

The next step is to apply a "spray" - the first layer of plaster. Using a special ladle or using a trowel and a falcon, pour the solution onto the moistened surface to be treated with sharp movements and thus fill the entire area. Withstand thickness up to 5 mm, remove excess with a rule. Let the layer dry.

Then - applying a second layer, up to 10 mm thick. In fact, the procedure is repeated, but this time the solution is allowed to both throw and spread. The base should be aligned with the rule, stretching it along the beacons from the bottom up.

This is followed by the application of the third layer - "cover" with a thickness of up to 2 mm.
After that, plaster the outer and inner corners with special tools.
Then carefully remove the beacons until the previous layer is completely dry and separately fill the traces of them with a putty.

At the end, you need to grout - go over the surface with a float to give texture or smoothness. This must be done when the last layer has set, but did not have time to dry.

When can subsequent finishing work be carried out

Only after the base has completely dried is it worth starting further work for wall decoration.

For good adhesion, you need to go through the primer and wait again completely dry, this will take about a day.

Putty in two layers is the next step. The coating must be completely dry.
After all the work done, they start cladding with decorative materials:

Plastering is excellent and the most optimal way get rid of irregularities and defects. Beautiful walls are the key to a good renovation.

How to plaster concrete walls with your own hands in an apartment: the better to plaster, is it necessary to use plaster and how to properly level it using technology
Is it necessary to level the concrete walls in the apartment if they are even and how to plaster using the technology uneven surfaces: do-it-yourself plastering technology, which mixture for plastering is better and whether you need to use gypsum boards

Plastering works are performed not only to level the surface, but also to give it various decorative properties.
It is only important to know how to properly plaster with cement mortar. Having studied the technology of preparatory and plastering works, it allows you to obtain a high quality surface for many years.

And what do you need to know in order to properly apply plaster on the walls?
The work is divided into several stages.
The stage of surface preparation, tools and materials.
Installation of beacons. The installation of beacons is described on the website in the article "How to align walls with beacons using plaster".
Preparation of the composition and application of plaster to the surface.

Initial stage of work

Each surface must go through a preparation stage.
Surface preparation for plastering includes cleaning the surface from old paint, wallpaper, dirt and greasy stains.

To facilitate the removal of old wallpaper, apply a special lifting solution to the surface. After a short exposure, lift the old wallpaper with a spatula, turning it under the wallpaper.
Old paint is cleaned off with a spatula or wire brush.

The cleaned and dried surface must be primed.
A primer is a liquid that contains substances that increase the adhesion (adhesion) of building materials.
It is imperative to follow the rule, apply Decoration Materials from one manufacturer.
If you bought a dry plaster mix from a certain manufacturer, then buy the primer from the same manufacturer.
A primer called Betokontakt, which is a polymer dispersion with increased alkali resistance, is in high demand. The composition of the liquid includes quartz sand, which increases the adhesion of the primer several times.

Plastering

The plastering process is carried out subject to the following requirements:

the temperature in the premises should be in the range of + 5 ... 30 ° C, and the relative humidity of the air should not be higher than 60%,
a special tool is used,
the plaster mortar is applied in stages using special techniques.
The most popular tools are:
spatulas and trowels of various sizes,
wide matting brush,
duralumin or wooden falcon,
half-grater, grater, rule.

How to properly prepare a solution for plaster

The selected plaster mix is prepared according to certain rules and strictly according to the attached instructions.
A clean plastic bucket must be filled with the right amount water according to the instructions attached to the dry plaster mixture. Then pour in the dry mixture in the desired parts.
Use a special mixer to stir the mixture.

You need to prepare such an amount of solution that you can process during the life of the solution. It is indicated on the package of dry plaster and is less than 1 hour.

The mixer can be replaced with a drill with a nozzle designed for mixing plaster mortars. Use only nozzles for solutions, not for stirring paints.
Consistency ready solution resembles cream over a cake. Details about the preparation of plaster mortar.

How to apply plaster mortar correctly

Before applying the solution, it is necessary to fix the reinforcing mesh on the wall or stuff the shingles. Be sure to cut the seams on the brick, make a notch on the concrete surface. The depth of the brick joints to be cut must be at least 5 mm. Concrete surface moistened with water.

To apply the putty on the wall, use two spatulas: up to 50 cm long and a spatula up to 10 cm wide.
With the help of a small spatula, the solution is applied to the large one, and with the large one it is applied to the wall.
The solution can be applied with a trowel, trowel.

Throw in the solution between the beacons from below, and go up. The solution is leveled with a rule that is constantly moving in the horizontal plane and moving up.
Remove the rest of the putty from the rule with a small spatula, applying it to the right place on the wall.
Always clean the container from the remains of the solution after it has been used up. The new solution is mixed only in a clean container without traces of the previous solution.

Remaining defects on the wall are eliminated after the mortar dries. It is best to remove the formed nodules or furrows with a spatula.

The ceiling is plastered first, and then the walls.

The classic way of applying plaster

The plaster mortar is applied in several layers.
The first coat is applied by spraying. The second coat is a primer. The third layer is a cover. The adhesion strength of the plaster on the wall depends on the application of the first layer.
The spray is applied with a liquid solution that fills the cells of the reinforcing mesh, shingles, notches on concrete, seams in brickwork.
The layer thickness on concrete and brick does not exceed 5 mm, on mesh or shingles up to 10 mm.
A trowel is used for spraying.
The surface is rough and does not require leveling.

It is necessary to prime the sprayed layer after hardening, but still a wet layer. Determined by an open palm applied to a rough surface. The surface is quite hard, but also wet at the same time.
The priming solution is somewhat thicker than the spray solution, it is well spread with a spatula.
A solution is applied to the middle of the falcon and, using a wide spatula, the composition is pounced on the wall. Each portion of the solution must be smoothed with a spatula. The solution is overlapped and smoothed out immediately.
A falcon is a square wooden plank, in the middle of which a plaster is applied.
The priming layer is closed with a finishing layer of plaster and is designed to eliminate the smallest defects. The thickness of the finishing layer does not exceed 2 mm. The finishing coat is applied to the wet primer with a wide trowel in an arc, pressing the bottom edge against the primed layer.

How to plaster with mortar correctly
The most useful recommendations for those who want to plaster the walls with their own hands and at the same time not make mistakes. Application technology plaster mixes on the wall yourself

With the use of mortars, decorative and protective surfaces are created, walls are leveled. They are used on different grounds, and. Correct use universal technology allows you to successfully solve various functional and aesthetic problems. This article describes how to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner. Videos, step-by-step instructions, comments and other materials will help you learn the nuances of professional techniques.

Read in the article

What is plaster: we study the general information

The purpose of this technique is to create a durable layer that eliminates irregularities and other defects in the original surface.

Homogeneous solid plaster provides good protection from the wind and other unfavorable external influences... It performs full-fledged, improves economic performance during the operation of the property.

Such a tool is often used for masonry,. However, it is also used when plastering walls. Stir with a trowel, collect and throw the solution onto the wall. With the help of the constricted part, they perform working operations in the corners, close up the cracks.

The tapered trapezoid shape is well suited for neat filling with a mixture of seams. In particular, such a tool is used when forming surfaces from sheets. It is also convenient for them to separate old plaster, remove dirt from cracks.

This tool is used to work with curly pilasters, other complex elements... The tapered front part of the scapula is well suited for dispensing and distributing solution in hard-to-reach places, on curved surfaces.

This instrument received this name from the name of a special technology of decorative finishing. walls are made using plastic mortars. Thin layers are applied with careful leveling of the smallest irregularities. For high-quality and fast enough reproduction of working operations, an ideally smooth large working surface... The rounded corners of the trowel prevent scratches.

For your information! Experienced craftsmen acquire identical blades of several sizes. Large ones are used for stirring and throwing, creating the first plaster coating. Compact tools are used to apply a subsequent layer and perform "jewelry" work.

From this photo, it is not difficult to understand the principle of working with the tool. It is moved based on beacons to form a flat surface.

This tool removes irregularities from the surface. The photo shows a float with a replaceable blade.

Specialized means of mechanization are used

To perform certain operations, in addition to gloves, you will need a respirator. Other means individual protection... List necessary purchases make up after choosing a certain technology, taking into account the characteristics of the property, other important factors.

How to prepare a solution for plastering walls

When plastering walls with your own hands using factory mixes, use the official instructions of the manufacturer's plant.
The created solution should adhere well to a vertical surface.
It is necessary to get such a consistency so that there are no difficulties when smoothing with the rule.
A mixture that is too dry will form lumps and unevenness. With an excessive concentration of moisture, the solution flows down.
Be sure to specify the period for which the finished composition must be used in full. In case of insufficient qualifications, it is better to prepare a small amount for the working cycle.

If there are no special instructions for creating a solution, the following algorithm of actions is used:

Prepare the container the right size... A light plastic bucket is suitable, which is not damaged by a construction mixer, it is quickly cleaned of dirt. Unlike metal counterparts, it does not make loud sounds when it comes into contact with metal working tools.
First, clean water is poured. It is not necessary to boil it, but it is necessary to exclude colored impurities, strong odors.
Dry ingredients are poured gradually, mixing thoroughly.
When the lumps are removed, leave the solution for 3-4 minutes. Next, check the viscosity, add water and other components to correct proportions until the desired consistency is obtained.

For your information! For standard cement-based formulations, wall plastering in one batch should be completed in 45-60 minutes. If the composition contains gypsum, the work will have to be done twice as fast.

The most important stage of finishing work: preparation of walls for plastering

The base for applying a new layer must be strong, so remove the old, other coatings.
Check the condition of the walls. If found, the cracks are closed, the elements of the reinforcement of the power frame are installed.
If dampness is detected, eliminate the source of its occurrence. They are repairing, assembling high quality.
Further, it is necessary to prevent the walls from absorbing moisture from the plaster solution. To do this, use depending on the material of the wall.
Special formulations improve the adhesive properties of the surface. If this applies mechanical restoration, at the final stage, dirt is removed from the working area.

How to plaster walls without lighthouses with your own hands: video and useful tips

This technology is used in basements, technical rooms, attics and other objects where it is not necessary to create a perfect surface.

Photo	How to align walls without beacons: step-by-step instructions with expert comments
	If you do everything correctly, you can ensure high quality with an economical consumption of the building mixture. It should be noted that such techniques are indispensable when working in cramped conditions, when it is necessary to plaster the walls behind the pipes, etc.
	Preliminarily, the influx of solution is removed, large holes are closed. The brick is old, so the typical solution (wetting with water) will not work. Careful processing is required.
	There are corners in the design. They will need to be covered with plastic or metal overlays.
	Sketch is not applied to create the first layer. Sequential treatment of small areas is used, small doses of the solution are rubbed into the wall. It is at this stage that all the voids in the masonry can be filled. The wide trowel makes it easy to level the surface. When performing smooth movements, it is not difficult to notice and eliminate depressions and bumps.
	Next, the rule is to check the evenness of the wall section, mount the corners. Mark the places (grooves) where irregularities need to be removed.
	Start applying the second layer. After fixing the plaster on the wall, the rule is again used to control the surface. They can also use an extra solution.
	After 30-40 minutes, a finishing layer is applied. At this stage, small doses of the solution are used, since in fact only corrective actions are needed. On a fairly flat surface, material consumption is low. It is especially important here that there are no lumps or foreign bodies in the mixture. In a real situation, the time is set taking into account the characteristics of a particular recipe.

At the final stage after solidification upper layer processed with a grater. Experienced craftsmen remove minor defects with a spatula. When plastering walls with your own hands without beacons, you can save consumables. But here you have to spend more effort and time to get good results. But in some cases, perfect quality is simply not needed.

Video of siten plaster without beacons using gypsum mortar:

What is the difference between plastering walls with your own hands on lighthouses: video with professional comments

Photo	Plastering walls using homemade lighthouses: step by step instructions
	After removing old decorative and insufficient durable coatings eliminate construction defects. Next, a primer is applied with a paint roller.
	The place of installation of the beacons is marked in such a way that when performing working operations, the rule is based on two reference lines at the same time.
	Marks are made at a distance of 5 cm from each edge of the instrument. If a rule with a length of 250 cm is chosen, the distance between the beacons should be 240 cm or slightly less.
	Holes are drilled according to the marks. Plastic dowels are hammered into them with a hammer.
	Screw in self-tapping screws with wire rings. Similar operations are performed on the other side of the wall.
	For accurate setting of the desired level, wooden pegs are used. The dimensions of these elements and the corresponding position of the string are selected taking into account the position and geometric features of the wall.
	By using bubble level control the vertical. Change the position of the strings if necessary. When the suitable pegs are selected, the self-tapping screws are tightened to the stop for a strong wire tension.
	Mix the solution in accordance with the manufacturer's official recommendations. Perfect condition is not required for this procedure. ready mix, however, it is more convenient to work with high-quality consumables, without lumps.
	Using a plastering trowel, apply the solution near the string. Remove excess parts from the surface of the stretched wire. After hardening, small irregularities are removed with a spatula from the surface of the created beacons.
	Start mixing the ingredients. Dry components are poured into the water. Next, a construction mixer is used. At this stage, you should create a high-quality solution with a uniform structure and optimal density.
	Throw in a mixture of trowels (trapezoidal trowel). A wide spatula is used for preliminary smoothing.
	Then the rule is applied. They pull the solution to the side. Lighthouses serve as longitudinal supports. Small up and down movements make this operation easier.
	Plastering the walls is continued in the same way. After finishing the treatment of the entire area, it is necessary to stand for 10-15 minutes until the top layer "grabs". After that, small irregularities are removed with a grater, a wide spatula.

Watch this video of Beacon Plaster for Beginners:

It shows how a high-quality flat surface is created using this technology. It can be painted and wallpapered without additional processing after drying.

In this video, the alignment of the wall to the lighthouses with your own hands is done with preliminary reinforcement:

This technique can be used instead of creating special irregularities. The mesh will also provide increased layer resistance to mechanical stress.

Additional advice: setting beacons without errors

The drawing of the premises will help to accurately establish the lines for the placement of vertical beacons.

The figure shows the places of their installation, taking into account the length of the rule. As with strings, here you need to make the distance less than this alignment tool. It is necessary to leave sufficient distance to the inner corners, other obstacles.

This figure illustrates the principle of building the field. Instead of nails, it is more convenient to use self-tapping screws that are screwed in to the desired depth. First, the screws are installed at points 1 and 3. A cord is pulled between them and elements 7 and 8 are installed. Verticals (1-2; 3-6-4) and others are controlled using a plumb line. If necessary, change the position of the screws to obtain a clear line.

Diagram (1) shows installation using specialized fasteners. Bubble (2) and laser (3) instruments are used to inspect surfaces. With a stretched string (4), set the exact level of one line.

Correct selection and use of different materials

It will be possible to find out in the apartment after a detailed acquaintance with the features of different recipes. It is quite convenient to work with ready-made building mixtures... They are sold dry and will need to be diluted with water and mixed. The main advantage is the carefully selected composition. The disadvantage is the relatively high cost. With the right ingredients, a professional grade solution can be created.

Features of plastering walls with your own hands with cement mortar: video and written instructions

The first layer of plaster on the walls is called "spatter". It is applied with a liquid solution to fill the smallest pores and cracks as evenly as possible. When the setting occurs (but until completely dry), a second, thicker one is applied. A rough surface is created on it. The mixture for the next layer is created from fine sand with the addition of lime. This will increase the ductility. The following table shows technical specifications and the amount of ingredients. Knowing the proportions, you can change the parameters taking into account the characteristics of a particular project.

Ingredients / Layer Options	Wall plaster layer
Ingredients / Layer Options	First	Second	Third
Cement (M-400), kg	10	25	5
Sand, kg	81,2	274	81,6
Hydrated lime, kg	5,6	21	5,6
Water, l	16,8	53	15,4
Layer thickness, mm	3-4	10-15	1-3

The video shows an example of plastering walls with cement mortar on lighthouses:

How to plaster walls with gypsum plaster: video, important nuances

When using mixtures on such a basis, rapid hardening must be taken into account. It should also be noted that it is slightly less resistant to moisture without special additives. In this case, a denser structure without pores is obtained, which worsens the insulating characteristics. However, the surface is flat. It should be noted the ease of application on different surfaces.

The accompanying documentation for factory dry mixes indicate:

Minimum and maximum layer thickness.
The operating temperature to which the individual parameters correspond.
Consumption for 1 sq. M.
The amount of solution that is obtained from one package;
Time:

maturation and life of the solution in an open container;
drying a layer of a certain thickness;
set of nominal strength.

Density and strength of the finished layer.
Grain.
Color and shelf life of the plaster in the original packaging.

For interior work, you can use homemade plaster with an increased setting time. Create two separate solutions from water and one / three parts of gypsum / lime, respectively. Then they are mixed and used for their intended purpose.

In this video, the master talks about leveling the walls with gypsum plaster:

How to make the finishing plaster of the walls with your own hands: video, the basics of high-quality work

For high-quality plastering of walls, you need to create an ideal flat surface. At the same time, you need good adhesion for secure fixation of the finishing decorative coating. You can solve this problem using the following recipe:

For 5 kg of gypsum take 15 kg of chalk (powder). The ingredients are mixed.
Next, a solution (5%) of wood glue is added to the container.
The required amount of liquid is determined experimentally, stirring the mixture until smooth with the consistency of very thick sour cream.

Important! Without sufficient experience, it is better to work with a small amount of mortar, as it sets very quickly.

This video shows an example of plastering walls under wallpaper:

How to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner: videos and comments on the application of technology on different surfaces

If you find out how, the implementation of new projects and the restoration of old buildings will be simplified. In addition to the features of the materials, weather conditions should be taken into account, as well as the nuances of future operation. For internal and exterior decoration apply different technologies.

Cement-based mortars are well suited for plastering brick walls.

Lime is added to them if external work is supposed to be performed. Similar solutions are used for other rooms with high humidity. Plastering brick walls is often preceded by the removal of the old coating. There are many irregularities in such surfaces, so you should count on a relatively high consumption of materials. When creating thick layers, mesh reinforcement is used.

How to plaster a brick wall with your own hands indoors is described in this video:

Concrete walls: smooth, durable surfaces are not always good

When preparing such coatings, the joints between the slabs are carefully sealed. Smooth manufactured products have low adhesion, so you have to use a special tool (bush hammers, drill bits) to create special damage. The necessary adhesion is provided with the use of primers, gypsum is added to the solution. These operations increase the cost of wall plastering. However, it should be noted the high strength of the corresponding building structures, no deformation during operation.

Preparation and quality plastering of wooden walls

It is not difficult to remove old plaster in this case. To secure mortar use a lattice structure of rails. Such a base does not provide high strength. The entire structure collapses quickly. The only inconvenience is a lot of dust.

Instead of rails, a seta chain-link with a wire thickness of 2.5 mm or more is used. The surface freed from external layers is pre-cleaned. Wooden parts treated with drugs that protect against decay.

This video explains how to plaster a wooden wall:

Features of foundation plaster

The corresponding work inside the building does not differ from performing the actions in other rooms. In the presence of high humidity, an additional layer is applied. But it is better to install protection from water outside in order to prevent damage to the structures of the building.

For your information! Pay attention to the fiberglass mesh. This material provides the necessary strength of the reinforcement, but is not damaged by corrosion processes, like metal products.

With the help of this video, you can quickly figure out how to plaster houses with your own hands:

No matter how accurate the theoretical knowledge is, in this case, practical experience is required. In order not to waste time and money on correcting shortcomings, it is better to practice in advance in small areas. Separate experiments are performed before plastering the walls with their own hands on new (complex in shape) surfaces.