The technique of applying decorative plaster in two layers. DIY decorative plaster of walls

Decorating with woven materials came from ancient times. The walls of ancient rich houses were decorated in this way. Much has changed today thanks to the introduction of modern technologies. Today's wall coverings are fundamentally different from their predecessors.

Do-it-yourself decorative plaster and its application in various variations allows you to create unique masterpieces and adds sophistication to any interior. Don't be afraid to experiment! This is not difficult!

Types of decorative plaster

Types of decorative plaster are distinguished by the nature of the application of the solution to the surface:

Texture. The formation of textured patterns is achieved by adding various fragments to the mixture. For example, stone chips, fine and coarse sand, mica and others. As a rule, plastic, rubber or metal spatulas are used for work.
Relief. This type assumes the initial giving of the relief to the composition applied to the walls (unevenness and heterogeneity).
Smooth. This includes only the Venetian "decorative". However, with its help, simulations of many surfaces are recreated. The mixture may include malachite, marble or other particles of natural materials. Venetian plaster allows you to decorate walls with silk, marble, granite, cork, metal or leather. Such decoration is able to favorably emphasize and decorate any room.
Structure. Homogeneous compounds are used here. Structurality is formed with special tools (floats, rollers) using a variety of techniques. But this type of plastering requires the master to have both practical skills and artistic talent.

How to properly apply plaster to walls

The application of various types of decorative plaster accordingly requires careful surface preparation. It will first be necessary to align the existing defects. As a rule, gypsum, cement-sand and lime mortars are suitable for these purposes.

Then there is 1–2 layers of soil. The product is applied only after the surface is completely dry. Subsequent measures will already depend on the working composition, besides, there are a lot of methods of applying "decorative".

Thin single layer coatings

Woven imitation looks sophisticated. Such coatings, due to the application of minimal layers, require high-quality surface preparation. It is recommended to work with a brush. The desired effect can be achieved using vertical, horizontal or circular movements.

The composition of the product is dominated by glass, quartz sand and metallized powder.

A fur coat is both an economical finishing material and easy to work with. It gives a rough texture. It is colored with a pigment added to the solution, or tinted with a roller at the final stage.

The technology for applying this type of decorative plaster provides for the preparation of a creamy solution and throwing it on the wall. To level the layer, use special spatulas and steel half-trowels.

To give texture, take a brush or a flap of fake fur. It is important to carry out manipulations on a fresh surface. For the purpose of protection, the wall is treated with acrylic varnish or wax.

Venetian plaster

With Venetian plaster, it is easy to imitate both polished and untreated stone. Beautifully modeled:

Polished imitation

This technology is often used to recreate granite and marble stones. The task does not require special skills, the main thing is to try to repeat the natural pattern with splashes and veins.

If you want to bring high cost and nobility to the house, follow the further recommendations on how to apply decorative plaster:

Preparing the walls. They must be perfectly flat, dry and primed.
We dilute the mixture according to the instructions.
Coloring. Add the desired pigment to the finished solution. To imitate, for example, marble rock, you need four colors. Shades of gray, white and black will do. Each of them should be diluted in separate containers.
Application. We use two spatulas, from a small one we shift the composition to a large one. The colors are consumed all at once, light shades should prevail, the main thing is not to mix them. There are other options for applying this type of decorative plaster, they are easier, but take longer. We take the primary colors and set the diagonals, then we use the rest. In some areas, small blotches of more saturated shades are made.
Correction. At this stage, the work surface is leveled with a damp trowel and trowelled.
Polishing. The dried "piece" is treated with a primer and varnish. To give the wall the gloss of a polished stone, wax is applied to it and polished, without the use of varnishing.

Important! Waxed walls are not afraid of wet cleaning!

Embossed venetian

For a decorative embossed Venetian coating, several different techniques and methods are required. The solution should contain whole granules up to 2 mm in size, and they create the desired texture. To set the texture, a finishing wax layer is applied, it is bonded to the previous one and glossy.

A dilapidated effect adds a roughened finish to the final layer. The material looks like old marble. This technology involves the use of several layers, where the latter is treated with wax and tinted.

The rough stone relief looks expressive and easy to work with.

How to apply decorative plaster "Bark beetle"

Decorating with Bark beetle imitates wood damaged by insects. Such an application of decorative plaster is often used for facade and interior finishes, it is easy to do it yourself.

The bark beetle is produced in special mixtures containing marble filler. It is also prepared at home, by introducing polished marble granules into the working solution.

The technology comes down to throwing "decorative". In the process of leveling the surface, stone grains tend to follow the trowel, which creates distinct grooved traces.

The bark beetle does not need additional waxing!

The interior solution and the structure of the drawing will depend only on the direction of movement of the instrument!

Pebble coverings

Pebble coverings are most popular for façade and interior work.

From the tools you will need a special mesh, a textured roller and a brush.

How to apply decorative plaster with your own hands:

Apply the first layer and let it dry (4-6 hours).
We remove the excess solution by mixing with the remaining one in the bucket.
Sketch in the second layer and wait 5-10 minutes.
We proceed to smoothing with a trowel.
We create streaks with a spatula and, as it were, fluff the surface.
We stand for 10-30 minutes and smooth everything with a trowel (we use "iron").

Make sure that the wall treated with the mixture does not dry out during operation, otherwise cracks will appear! The recommended layer thicknesses must not exceed the size of the stone filler!

How to apply decorative plaster with marble filler

For this plastering method, take special mixtures with the addition of marble, where the size of the fractions should not exceed 1–1.5 grains. This makes it very easy to level surfaces.

It is important to remember that this "decorative" is intended solely for decoration! Before using it, the walls should be prepared and brought to perfect condition.

What can be used to create a decorative effect

Each method of applying decorative plaster is unique; the master's imagination also plays an important role here. As a rule, special tools are used for work, but you can do without them. Using the tools at hand, you will also achieve remarkable results.

With the help of a bath or kitchen sponge, for example, a freshly applied mixture is blotted and a very beautiful texture pattern is obtained. It is convenient to make various notches and grooves with some kind of sharp instrument, such as cutlery or a pen with a pencil. To give the surface a certain antiquity, ordinary dowels, which are hammered into a drying solution, can help. But first things first…

Brushing

A fine-grained mixture is best for this method. After setting the starting layer, which must be applied to the prepared surface, take a stiff brush, moisten it in water and recreate the patterns described below:

Woven materials. Using a brush under pressure, draw vertical textured stripes. Then, with less pressure, draw horizontal contours. The next step will be vertical lines again, which are performed even weaker. The tool should be manipulated until the pile barely comes into contact with the surface.
Grooves. The pattern is applied to the wall by forming vertical grooves. Medium brush pressure is required.
Wave effect. Simple enough to carry out. Focusing on the vertical, we make zigzag movements and round off the resulting corners.

Using a paint roller

Paint rollers have different attachments, with each of which you can get a certain effect:

foam rubber is designed to recreate abstractions;
rubber is used to draw volumetric elements;
fur ones are suitable for a textured "fur coat".

Decorative plasters applied in this way require further staining.

Stencils

Stencils are an original solution for the decor of any home. Can be used with different mixes.

A starting plaster is applied to the prepared surface. It doesn't matter what style of "decorative" you choose, it should be painted, and the shade should differ from the previous one by several tones. When the first layer is completely dry, a stencil is applied. Next comes the finishing plaster followed by waxing.

Stamps

Wall stamps are not easy to apply, the technology requires some skill. Therefore, first you need to practice a little!

The base coat is pre-tinted and applied with a thickness not exceeding 3 mm. Also, staining can be done at the final stage. The next layer of plaster should be about 1 mm. For this purpose, it is convenient to use a liquid solution of brighter shades. At the end, the desired elements are pressed onto the surface using a special rubber device. When the layers are mixed, a very original texture is obtained.

Can decorative plaster be applied to old plaster

When choosing certain methods of applying decorative plaster and the corresponding mixture, it should be taken into account whether it is allowed to be applied to the old wall, and what the order of work is to be done.

To achieve the desired result, strictly follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer!

It is not at all difficult to master the method of applying any decorative plaster. Modern technologies will come to the rescue, they greatly simplify any process. The master's work is afraid! Try it! Let a unique zest be added to the interior of your home.

Would you like to know more about this topic? Stay tuned for new articles.

Step-by-step preparation of walls for decorative plaster: description of technology, features and recommendations

It is very important to properly prepare the walls before applying decorative plaster. The final type of coverage will depend on the quality of these works. Decorative plaster is a multi-layer coating that is formed on the walls and allows you to get an original texture. The latter can have a different look. It will depend on the size and shape of the mixture filler and the tools used to apply it. The method of applying the composition is also important at this stage.

Why choose decorative plaster

Decorative plaster is quite popular today in the formation of original interiors, it is highly popular. The mixture is distinguished by an abundance of textures and colors, has a low cost, and provides the possibility of simple and quick application. After drying, a surface is obtained that is not subject to mechanical damage.

The described type of finish can be used even when decorating exteriors; you can find facade decorative plasters on sale. Among other things, plaster mixes during operation can be cleaned of contamination. It is quite difficult to find truly beautiful and more practical material for decoration.

Preparation for applying structural and textured plasters

You must definitely carry out the preparation of the walls for decorative plaster, if you plan to use the latter for repairs. Structural and textured mixtures are excellent for application to any materials, among them:

Plaster allows you to create a surface that is breathable. After drying, the surface is not afraid of moisture, and the service life is measured in decades. The walls before applying these compositions are allowed to be prepared not very carefully. There is no need to align them to an ideal state, because the material during the application process will be able to hide small gaps, bulges and other minor flaws.

The step-by-step preparation of walls for decorative plaster involves cleaning the surface from the old finish. Oil stains are removed with a solvent, then the wall must be washed with a soapy solution. Deep cracks, if any, should be repaired with cement mortar. The walls must be treated with an antifungal agent. However, if the room is operated at a low level of humidity, then there is no need to do this.

Methods of work

The next step is to apply a primer. Preparation of walls for decorative plaster involves surface treatment with putty. However, these works should be carried out only after the primer has completely dried. The putty will help level the surface. It acts as a base for applying the decorative composition. If the walls will be processed with a thick embossed layer, then the putty may not be used.

After 24 hours, the walls should be treated with an acrylic primer. This composition is necessary to improve the quality of adhesion. After the walls are sanded using fine-grained emery paper. On this we can assume that the preliminary work is completed. Preparation should not cause real difficulties.

Removing the old layer of plaster

Preparing walls for decorative plaster with your own hands necessarily involves removing the old plaster layer. It will also be necessary to clean the wall of whitewash, wallpaper and old layers of paint. The surface is smoothed well until you reach the base. The walls need to be well vacuumed, especially for crevices. They should be washed using any cleaning solution. This is required for several reasons. Indeed, otherwise, the adhesion to an untreated surface will be very unreliable. If the wall is covered with paint, the plaster layer will not adhere. In addition, this will allow you to identify defects that were previously hidden under the finishing material.

It is important to highlight one more factor that favors the need to clean the walls from old coatings. It consists in carrying out additional processing, the features of which will depend on the base material. If you have to work with the walls in a newly built house, then this point should be skipped.

Peculiarities of preparation before applying Venetian plaster

The preparation of walls for decorative plaster can be carried out using different technologies, which will depend on the final composition. If we are talking about Venetian plaster, then the preliminary work should be given more time and effort. This is due to the fact that the decorative material has some features.

Walls should be carefully and efficiently cleaned of dirt. Old whitewash and paint can be removed. The cleaned walls are then carefully sanded. Leveling is carried out with a putty compound. This stage must be approached with high responsibility. If the walls are not even, then the attractiveness of Venetian plaster will be invisible, because it has several transparent layers, the number of which can reach three.

Preparing walls for decorative plaster requires sanding. This work must be done manually. The use of a grinding machine should be abandoned, because even the smallest nodules and irregularities must be processed. A primer is applied to the aligned walls, a deep penetration solution should be selected.

It is necessary to bring the walls to perfect condition. All cracks and gaps must be repaired on them. Sometimes these works have to be repeated several times, so that, by and large, manipulations during this type of work are quite laborious. However, without them, it makes no sense to apply Venetian plaster, it will not be able to provide a stunning effect in this case.

Preparation for decorative plaster of walls, the technology of which is described in the article, provides for the application of primer. You need to choose it correctly. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the coating. You can find a wide range of primer mix on store shelves. In order to make the right choice, you need to familiarize yourself with which primer is best for certain surfaces.

For example, alkyd compounds are perfectly applied to wood that has not been previously prepared. In this case, it is possible to achieve a leveling of the structure and create a flat surface for applying plaster. The advantages of this mixture include fairly quick drying. You can also use a polystyrene primer, its application is permissible even on plastered surfaces. However, these funds include substances that can harm health.

Before you carry out the preparation of the walls for decorative plaster, the norms must be considered. After reading them, you can understand that a special-purpose primer is excellent for metal surfaces. This is usually a formulation with zinc additives. It is possible to use an alkyd primer mixture with the addition of zinc, this composition provides anti-corrosion protection. It is better not to apply glyphthal mixtures on metal surfaces, as they are characterized by a long drying period.

Secrets of the masters

If you will be preparing walls for decorative plaster, then you must follow several rules. There is no need to purchase putty mixtures on alabaster and oil-glue bases. Any other formulation may be preferred. The thickness of the primer must be 2 mm or more.

It is recommended to apply the putty on the serpentine, which is a self-adhesive mesh. Distribute it along the wall. In this case, the surface treatment should be carried out with a wide trowel. Preparation of walls for decorative plaster is carried out using a primer. Acrylic mixes are recommended.

Conclusion

Quite often, home craftsmen today carry out independent preparation of walls for decorative plaster. The consumption of a given composition will depend on the type of mixture. If we are talking about Venetian plaster, then its consumption varies from 70 to 200 g per square meter. The bark beetle will consume approximately 3 kg for each square meter. Everything will depend on the base material and layer thickness.

Due to the fact that plaster is quite expensive, in order to reduce its consumption, it is better to level the surfaces as carefully as possible. This is the preparation of walls for decorative plaster. Features of these works may consist in the application of cement-sand plaster or the installation of a foam insulation layer. The second option is very practical, if the house is finished in this way, it will be warm and beautiful.

Methods for applying decorative plaster on walls

There are several ways to properly apply decorative plaster to make the apartment look individual, stylish and modern. A wide selection of domestic and imported mixtures with different additives gives the designer room for imagination. You can create surfaces that imitate reptile skin, silk fabrics, finishing stone. It all looks equally interesting in the finished interior.

Stages of the finishing process

The whole process can be divided into main parts, and the technique of applying decorative plaster does not play a big role here. Each stage is very important, without observing this sequence at the end of the repair, you will not get an ideal result. But if you approach the matter with full responsibility, then you can do the job even without special building knowledge... For decorative finishing, the following sequence of actions must be observed:

The walls are aligned. Particular attention should be paid to this stage if later it is planned to apply a composition with a fine-grained structure (Venetian plaster, liquid wallpaper). And the usual finishing plaster putty will be enough in the case of applying textured mixtures with large inclusions ("rain", "bark beetle", "travertino").
This is followed by the application of a primer coat to strengthen the alignment and increase the adhesion of the decorative compound. The coating will be durable, resistant to external influences.
Then comes the work with the decorative composition itself, it is performed in one or three steps. It all depends on the chosen method of applying decorative plaster. Sometimes it is necessary to overlay two layers to get the effect of volume. The easiest option is to apply the plaster mortar in one layer.

Materials for work

Of course, the first thing you will need the plaster mixture itself... It may contain small or large inclusions: powder, marble chips, silk fibers, quartz sand of various fractions, gold grains, sparkles. Due to this, the texture can be varied.

There are fewer binders that make it possible to form a continuous layer of plaster, holding it on the wall. Most types of mixtures are made on the basis of lime or gypsum, white cement is suitable for outdoor repairs or use in rooms with high humidity. Acrylic is a more modern base material. The composition may contain additional additives to make the solution more plastic.

Simple finishes can be done with ordinary plaster putty. It is worth remembering about the necessary materials when choosing decorative plaster. The types of textures and methods of application do not particularly affect the desired set of tools, it remains practically unchanged:

metal, construction trowel;
sandpaper;
trowel;
paint and textured rollers;
medium brush.

If it is supposed to create a colored coating, then you need to buy a color scheme, since mixtures on sale can be found exclusively without coloring. They turn white when applied. You can immediately buy primer, wax or varnish at a hardware store if necessary. Special stamps may be required if imitation of snakeskin is to be created on the wall.

By the way, when the question arises of how to apply decorative plaster on the walls, you should find out that the materials at hand are also suitable for decorating the surface. They can be polyethylene and a wet cloth, a round plastic washcloth, a cord, a thick rope, a foam sponge. And someone prefers to apply the decor simply with their hands, putting on rubber gloves - a very interesting effect is also obtained.

Creating a textured coating

You need to know not only how to apply decorative plaster, but also how to make a textured surface out of it... The method of application will depend on the effect you want to achieve. With gypsum putty, it is easy to imitate leather and finishing stone, create a relief pattern. Finishing mixes work best, but you can mix them with starters in equal proportions. The solution is mixed strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions.

To create a base, a thin layer of putty is applied to the primed surface. The thickness of the coating will be no more than five millimeters. Work starts from the bottom, the mortar is stretched with long strokes along the wall. Having applied the composition to two square meters, you need to immediately proceed to applying the relief, otherwise it will not be possible to withdraw anything on the set mixture.

The simplest working tool is a wad of rags wrapped in plastic wrap. The created tool is applied to the wall, after which you need to make rotational movements with your hand to tear off the film from the composition. You will get a spiral curl. You can arrange these prints in any order. The wall will be covered with patterns reminiscent of peonies or roses. After processing the entire surface, you need to wait a day.

Then the wall is covered with a layer of water-based or acrylic paint, it is left for three hours. Next, polish with a metal spatula to smooth out strongly protruding peaks. Some of the paint is also removed, revealing the base light layer. The result is a vibrant floral pattern.

You can make wavy line patterns with your own fingers. A round plastic washcloth can leave ring-shaped marks, a sponge with large holes can form a surface that will resemble pebbled skin ... Sometimes reliefs are applied as usual with a roller, which is previously wrapped with a thick cord - the effect of bamboo stalks is obtained.

Special dies and roller attachments are required to create imitation reptile skin. After drying, a pattern for a snake scale or crocodile skin needs to be painted over twice to highlight the depth of the pattern. The layers of paint will differ slightly in tone, the top layer is applied very carefully: you only need to paint over the protruding parts of the "scales". Glitter or gilding can be applied with a soft sponge.

Versailles plaster

Even a novice craftsman is capable of creating the luxurious grandeur of Parisian palaces at home. The Versailles application technology is quite simple. A plaster putty will be required, while finishing and starting marks are mixed in equal quantities. The composition is applied after the primer has dried, the sequence of actions looks like this:

A wall decorated in this way can be safely washed with damp rags.

The Versailles technique has another variation.: imitation of limestone slabs. After applying the base, it is necessary to force the wet plaster to form numerous peaks. To do this, the trowel is pressed with the entire plane to the mass, then it is torn off perpendicular to the wall. The peaks are smoothed out, leaving the texture in the depth in the form of grooves and depressions.

Unsuccessful areas can be redone: just smooth out the ugly piece, create new peaks and process their tops. The dried wall is painted by hand; it is required to rub in acrylic paint with a sponge. To enhance the effect, you can apply a lighter shade of paint only to the raised parts.

Method of applying "Grotto"

The "rain" and "bark beetle" techniques are based on the effect of scratching out the substance with solid grains of quartz or marble. A fine-grained mixture produces a beautiful texture called "grotto". You will need plaster paste with dolomite or marble chips and a small amount of Venetian mixture. It is better to glaze the coating with a special wax, which will give the decor the shine of a polished stone.

If you follow the algorithm of actions, then the novice master will cope with the task:

The result is a coating that resembles granite or polished quartzite - it all depends on the color of the plaster mass.

Imitation of travertine will turn out, if you choose a filler in a paste of larger sizes. This option will differ in that after applying the second layer of the model mass, the wall needs to be ironed with a trowel to shine. According to the standards of builders, the thickness of the decorative coating should not be more than six millimeters. Thin layers of relief mass acquire their charm through polishing and touching up.

There is no doubt that an interior with such a finishing material will attract admiring glances. A creative approach to creating a textured finish is sure to bear fruit. The main thing is to carry out the finishing with soul and very carefully, then the atmosphere of comfort and warmth will always reign in the room.

Decorative plaster application technology

Applying decorative plaster is no more difficult than working with ordinary mortar finishes. Sometimes it's easier. But the price per square meter of their creation reaches several thousand rubles.

This is due to the concerns of developers: they believe that this is a complex process that requires significant experience and knowledge. Order the work of professional craftsmen, even if they overpay per sq. m - seemingly the right way out.

But in practice, the difficulty of doing it yourself depends on the characteristics of the mixture, the order of work and the type of imitation. You just need to calculate the consumption, buy a ready-made mixture and get savings up to several. thousand per m2!

The cost of the textured mixture is high. Therefore, defects are not leveled with it. This is done with an ordinary (lime, gypsum, cement-sand) mortar.

After complete drying, it is covered with 1-2 coats of primer.

Further actions depend on the composition of the "decorative". In addition, there are different methods of applying decorative plaster.

Thin single layer coatings.

Imitate finishing with fabrics (including silk).

Formulations to be applied to perfectly flat prepared surfaces. Their thickness is minimal, and the consistency is comparable to coarse paint.

Here it is advisable to apply decorative plaster with a brush, which is used vertically or horizontally, depending on the desired pattern. Sometimes, for a special effect, the brush is turned, acting like a compass.

Solutions consist of a polymer binder and a fine filler (quartz sand, glass, metallic pigment).

Rough coating in one color. It is painted by adding tinting pastes to the solution or by a roller after thorough drying.

Even if the developer has no idea how to apply decorative plaster with his own hands, he can always decorate the wall with a "fur coat". The simplest texture.

To create it, a creamy solution is thrown onto the wall. Smooth with a wide spatula or steel trowel, trying to make the layer as thin as possible.

Then, without waiting for the mass to dry, the working fragment is “blotted” with textured material. For example, a piece of faux fur, a brush.

When the surface is dry, it can be coated with a protective compound - building wax or acrylic varnish.

Venetian plaster.

A valuable stone is imitated - malachite, lapis lazuli, marble, granite. As well as construction - travertine, sandstone, limestone.

The methods of applying decorative Venetian plaster are varied. They allow you to imitate raw and polished stone.

Polished imitation.

Decorative plaster that recreates precious stone (most often marble). The technology for its application is simple, although it scares beginners.

Applied with a spatula. The task of the master is to repeat the natural pattern of the stone, a kind of "streaks" and "influxes", veins. It will smooth out such a coating noble and expensive. In practice, learning how to make walls look like granite and marble is not difficult:

Training. The wall is perfectly leveled, dried and primed.
Preparation of the mixture according to instructions.
Tinting. The plaster mixture is painted at the stage of preparation. To do this, add dry pigment, liquid or pasty colors to the solution.

To imitate marble, 3-4 colors are required. For example, white, gray, i.e. gray and almost black.

Mixtures of different colors and shades are prepared in different containers.

Application. With a small spatula, apply the solution to a large one. All colors are used - there are more light colors, less dark ones. Apply the mixture at the same time, but do not mix.

Since it is more difficult to apply decorative plaster in this way, another technology has come into use. First, the solution is "smeared" in the form of diagonal lines of the main color, then the secondary ones. In some places, minor insertions of the darkest or brightest color are made. This method of applying decorative plaster is easier but slower.

Alignment. The solution is leveled with a moistened steel trowel, rubbed over.
Polishing. The dried imitation is coated with a primer and varnished. If you want to get a glossy shine of the polished stone, the surface is covered with wax, which is polished. In this case, varnishing is not necessary.

The wax coating creates a water-repellent film. These walls can be washed.

Embossed Venetian.

Wall with a pattern, texture and relief of roughly worked stone. Not masonry, but a solid block of stone, which can be found in artificial rock grottoes.

One of the easiest to apply yet effective finishes.

How to apply decorative plaster under untreated stone.

Application is carried out as follows:

Training. Imitation of a rough rock is convenient in that it does not require such careful preparation. "Wild" stone is not even, rough. Therefore, it makes no sense to perfectly “smooth”, level the surface. For finishing, it is enough to exclude drops of more than 1 cm.

For all finishes, preparation with an acrylic primer is required. This improves the adhesion of the surface with subsequent layers. It also saturates the pores, preventing them from dehydrating the finishing solutions.

Application of the first layer. Throw a thin mass on the wall, level it with a grater, float or trowel.

Until the mixture has dried, a kind of "fur coat" is created on it, using the material at hand (felt, felt, sponge, a piece of fur, fabric, polyethylene).

Application of the second layer. After the first layer has completely dried, the second is applied with a spatula. The solution is not laid out in full, but in spots, striving for a harmonious balance between bulges and depressions.

The features of perception depend on the area of the inserts: their dominance will create the texture of a stone with small dents. If the area of the "visible" first layer is larger, the wall will be "dotted" with bulges.

Leveling. The second layer is flattened wet to hide the tool marks and "ground" the relief, making it flatter.

The nature of the drawing depends on the direction of the tool. To understand which layer of plaster can be applied to the wall for the selected type of imitation and to determine the appropriate texture, you need to experiment on a piece of drywall.

First painting is performed only after complete drying of the solution.
Second color. If the stone is of the same color, you do not need to re-paint it. But it should be borne in mind that the second tone significantly enriches the relief, makes it more attractive, more believable.

The paint is applied with a roller so that only convex surfaces are painted.

The rough surfaces of the first layer remain darker and more saturated. The second layer, its convex, aligned part, is smoother. These surfaces are easier to wipe off. Therefore, the paint here will be thinner, more transparent, lighter.

The use of glazing (very liquid, highly diluted) paint compositions allows painting only once. First, it is applied with a construction mitten, a piece of sponge. Then, without letting dry and absorb, wipe.

Protective composition. The plaster is protected with wax, which is polished or with a polymer varnish.

It is important to choose the right combination of colors. They can either complement each other (paints of the same color, but different tones), or contrast.

The "Venetian" looks rich and refined, in the coloring of which a metallized color scheme is used.

"Bark beetle".

Plaster imitating wood destroyed by the larvae of a grinder beetle.

One of the easiest to implement.

How to apply decorative plaster "Bark beetle".

To create the coating, special mixtures with marble filler are used. You can prepare a similar solution yourself. It is enough to add marble granulate to the usual mixture. It is advisable to use polished, round pebbles.

The application of decorative plaster is carried out by ordinary spraying. When leveling the layer with a float, the stones are carried away by the tool, roll over, leaving deep grooves.

It is important to keep track of the direction of movement of the tool when creating the coating. This affects the structure of the picture, its direction.

"Bark beetle" - decorative plaster, and the technology of its application is designed for finishing, and not leveling chips, slopes and cracks.

"Bark beetle" does not require additional waxing.

"Pebble" coverings.

Polymer plasters - compositions not based on gypsum, lime or cement, but on a polymer binder. Because of their special texture, they are called mosaic. The most common are acrylic, less silicone (they are more expensive).

The composition of "pebble" coatings includes marble or glass chips. Both a shapeless stone and a spherical one are used. Do not need painting, protection.

How to apply decorative plaster with marble filler.

Marble-filled plasters are applied with a minimum thickness (1-1.5 grains). Therefore, their alignment is not difficult.

"Pebble" plasters - textured finish. They do not line the walls. Therefore, the surface should already be prepared - flat, clean, dry, solid.

Embossed prints.

The plane can be given a volumetric relief of brick or masonry, roughly processed wood.

Since it is a simple way to apply embossed decorative plaster with your own hands (using stamps), such coatings are especially popular.

For this, special molds (impressions) are produced.

Decorating is done like this:

Application of the solution. The plaster mass is thrown onto the wall so that a layer of sufficient thickness is created (depending on the depth of the form).
Imprint. The stamp is heavily moistened with water and pressed against the plastered area.

The pressure is accompanied by light movements (left-right) of insignificant amplitude, tapping with the edge of the palm.

The mold is removed and the drawing is pressed into the next adjacent fragment.

One print can be used in two versions if rotated 180 degrees.

Coloring. The plaster is painted only after complete drying and priming.

For the first, general layer, a medium tone paint is applied. Then the relief is emphasized with a darker paint placed in deep depressions and recesses.

The protruding parts of the relief "pass" in the lightest tone.

Protection. The concrete may not be protected. Gypsum is covered with moisture resistant varnish.

Molds are quite expensive and only pay off when used by construction crews. Therefore, it is easier to make them yourself, using silicone or polypropylene sealant, silicone compound or granular injection molded polypropylene for this.

It should be borne in mind that cement-sand plaster is better suited for outdoor work, gypsum is not so resistant. But for plaster reliefs inside, gypsum is more expedient, since it is less heat-intensive (more pleasant, "warmer" to the touch).

Inexperienced workers do not know which layer of decorative plaster can be applied at one time to the wall, so they are afraid to use deep-relief forms. However, such fears should not relate to the reliefs - here the thick layers are not continuous, their mass does not affect the strength of the coating.

How to properly apply plaster to the walls.

Any mortar finish requires surface preparation: cleaning from old coatings, leveling. The surface must be clean, dry and even.

The most convenient way to apply.

The simplest application of decorative plaster for beginners is by spraying. The solution is diluted to a "liquid" consistency. The work is carried out with a spatula of medium width, the mass is placed on the falcon.

After "sprinkling" a small section of the wall (approx. 1 sq. M.), The plaster is leveled with a trowel.

It is better not to use wooden graters and half-graters, since wood is constantly deformed by water. Traces of screws fixing the handles of a wooden tool are also not uncommon.

Is it possible to apply plaster using a compressor?

Many manufacturers provide for the application of plaster with a compressor and produce special mixtures. However, do not dilute the solution, the application of which is not provided by a mechanized method. From this he greatly weakens.

Can decorative plaster be applied to old plaster?

The choice of the composition of the plaster mixture, the order and amount of work depends on whether it is possible to apply decorative plaster on the old plaster.

What can you do? Apply renders on stronger substrates. For example, gypsum compounds can be used for plastering cement coatings.
You can apply polymer compounds to any surface.
You can plaster drywall with "decorative".
What is not allowed? You can not throw cement compositions on gypsum - it will not hold.
You cannot plaster uncleaned walls (from paint, wallpaper).
Cracks cannot be decorated.

The main rule is the manufacturer's recommendations must not be violated. If the conditions of the instructions are not suitable, it is better to choose a different mixture.

How to apply decorative plaster

Liquid wallpaper, flock, compositions that imitate masonry (wood species) are very popular nowadays. All this refers to the fashionable way of interior and exterior decoration. How to apply decorative plaster, what is this mixture? You will learn the rules for preparing the composition from the presented review. This seamless finish is an excellent substitute for wallpaper and other materials.

Types of decorative plaster

Manufacturing technology finishing is divided into three types:

Textured has a rough structure of high viscosity.
Structural contains marble chips, the result of application is an even granular surface. Works well on drywall and other mineral surfaces.
Venetian - decorative plaster for a stone, has a homogeneous texture. As a result of application, it forms a perfectly smooth surface similar to natural marble.

% D0% 92% 20% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8 % 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0 % B3% D0% BE% 20% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% B5% D1% 84% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2 % D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8,% 20% D1% 84% D0% B0% D0% BA% D1% 82% D1% 83% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 88% D1% 82% D1% 83% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 83% D1% 80% D0% BA% D0% B0% 20% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BA% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% B2:

% D0% 91% D0% B0% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 88% D0% B5% D0% BA% 20% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B5 % D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C % 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0 % B5% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% BE-% D0% B7% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B9.
% D0% 9A% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B5% D0% B4.% 20% D0% 9F% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C,% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1 % 82% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D1% 88 % D1% 82% D1% 83% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 83% D1% 80% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9,% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B8% D0% B7% D1% 8A% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D1% 83% D1% 8E% 20% D0% B4% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 83.
% D0% A8% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% B0% 20% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 81% D1 % 82% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 83% 20% D1% 88% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1 % 82% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% B8% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 81% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE % D0% B9.
% D0% A2% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% E2% 80% 93% 20 % D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B0% D1% 86% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0 % BA% D0% B8% D1% 80% D0% BF% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20 % D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% BA% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B4 % D0% BA% D0% B8.
% D0% 9F% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% E2% 80% 93% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8A% D0% B5% D0% BC % D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 83% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% BA.

% 0A

% D0% 9A% D0% BB% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 81% D0% B8% D1% 84% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 86% D0% B8% D1 % 8F% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% 20% D1% 81% D0% B2% D1% 8F% D0% B7% D1% 83% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% BC % D1% 83% 20% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 89% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83:

% D0% B0% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20 (% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% 20% D0% B0% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D1% 81% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8B);
% D0% BC% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20 (% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% 20% D1% 86% D0% B5% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B0);
% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20 (% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D1% 81% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8B);
% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F.% 20 (% D0% A1% 20 % D0% B6% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BA% D0% BB% D0% BE % D0% BC).

% 0A

Additionally, specific types of this finishing material should be highlighted:

Color is presented in 15 shades. It is used both for internal and external use.
The roller contains a natural filler in the composition.
Latex plastic gives the surface a smooth and glossy appearance.
"Wet silk" contains pearlescent particles, giving the surface of a wall or shelf the appearance of a shiny fabric.
"Sea Breeze" contains fine sand and is used only for interior decoration.

How to make decorative plaster

After applying the primer to the walls, you should start preparing the decorating composition. How is decorative plaster made? There is nothing complicated in this, the material is sold in the form of a dry mixture, which is diluted according to the instructions. If you add solid components (pebbles, pieces of tiles) to the composition, the surface will acquire an unusual pattern. To give the desired color, paint is added in a ratio of 1/10.

Decorative plaster from ordinary putty can be prepared independently at home. This option is relevant for those who would like to save money by making repairs in the apartment. The plaster is prepared in a bucket: the putty of any manufacturer (Ceresit, Dufa) is mixed with the grout and water. The composition is supplemented with the selected dye and other decorative elements.

- one of the most popular ways to decorate walls, ceilings, individual elements in modern renovation. Such cladding allows you to create a single, seamless decorative surface that imitates different textures, reliefs, convex patterns and natural materials. In the finished form, the mixture is pasty, so it is quite easy to apply it on straight, round and curved surfaces.

In the article, we will talk about the technology of working with this type of solutions, and suggest interesting ways to apply decorative plaster with your own hands, video and photographic materials will help us illustrate the original findings.

Features of decorative plaster

Artistic plaster can be conditionally divided into two types: decorative and. In the first, the decorative effect is achieved by various methods of forming a pattern: curly strokes, applying layers of different thicknesses, the use of devices, in the second, the relief appears due to inclusions of different grain sizes in the plaster.

Decorating the walls with decorative plaster, photo of the relief of traventine on the walls with a double paint coating and washing off the top layer

Walls made of dry plaster - drywall must be impregnated with a water-repellent primer, glue the joints with reinforcing tape, level the surface with a finishing putty.

All joints and cracks must be covered with mortar and glued with reinforcing tape

If the walls are freshly plastered with ordinary plaster, then they must be allowed to dry for 4-5 weeks, until the layer is completely formed. Further, it depends on the type of decorative plaster selected for finishing. If it is coarse-grained, with a pronounced relief, then it is not necessary to putty the walls, if with a small fraction, it is better to apply a thin putty to the walls.

General rule

The plastered walls must be passed with a fine abrasive, it is good to sweep away the dust formed after grinding. Next, a primer is applied to increase the adhesion of the surfaces. Once dry, many types of plasters require a base, opaque primer coat, usually white or gray, sometimes tinted to match the finish.

Watch a tutorial on how to do it correctly under decorative plaster, the video demonstrates in detail all the stages of preliminary work.

There are many ways to decorate a house, but decorative plasters are becoming more and more popular lately. They are very diverse, they allow you to create walls and ceilings that are unique in appearance. Different types give different effects, plus the application of decorative plaster can also be different. The result is a huge number of variations for any interior in any style.

Types of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster - a marvelous interior decoration

Decorative plaster is used for finishing walls and ceilings indoors, building facades. The basis can be various substances of both natural (gypsum, cement, marble dust) and artificial (acrylic, silicone, silicate) origin. It is called so because it forms an attractive surface with a different texture - from smooth as marble Venetian plaster to embossed stone or "under a fur coat". The number of options is endless - the application of decorative plaster is a creative process and it is unlikely to be repeated exactly. This is another plus of this type of finish.

By the type of surface formed, the following types of decorative plaster are distinguished:

Embossed. After applying such compositions, some inhomogeneities and irregularities are often formed on the surface, that is, a relief is created. Their plus is the low requirements for the preparation of the base. It must be strong, must not crumble. There should also be no significant differences, but perfect smoothness is not required.
Smooth. In this category, there is only one subspecies - Venetian plaster, but they allow them to create surfaces with a different appearance. It is a plastic mass, often translucent. It contains dust of marble, malachite and other natural materials. It can be used to imitate marble, cork, leather, silk, precious woods, various metals, finishing with malachite, granite.

It must be said right away that textured and plastic plasters are often difficult to separate, since different techniques can be used on the same composition. The photo below shows options for only one type of plaster - different techniques for applying decorative plaster allow you to get surfaces that are very different in appearance.

Some decorative plasters are so flexible that they can be used to create a piece of art. The result is very beautiful and original panels.

A few touches ...

By changing the application of decorative plaster, all these various reliefs are obtained - from simple to complex.

It is worth considering their division according to the area of application. There are two large groups - for outdoor and indoor use. There are also universal formulations, but rarely. Almost all the compositions mentioned above are for interior work. These are more interior solutions. Some of them are abrasion-resistant, some can be washed with detergents and even brushes, but they will not withstand the harsh outdoor conditions.

Some types of textured plaster are suitable for external use - bark beetle, for example. This type of finishing material is just one of the universal. It can also be seen on the facade, indoors. In apartments, these are usually corridors and, in offices and institutions, corridors or service areas can be decorated in this way.

An example of finishing a house with decorative plaster from the outside: stone plaster on the basement, above - on the walls - bark beetle

Putties for outdoor use generally have a coarser structure, contain components that increase resistance to UV and other climatic influences. In this category there are specific plasters - stone. They consist of small fractions of natural stones in a binder solution. The application of this type of decorative plaster is simply a trowel or a stainless float. Other elements are rarely used. On facades and fences, creating reliefs is not a good idea - the dust will clog and spoil the appearance, and it is not easy to wash it out.

Surface preparation

Different types of decorative plaster require different degrees of surface preparation. But we can definitely say that it is necessary to remove everything that can fall off. The surface must be solid, dry and clean, and must not peel off. Also a mandatory step is a primer. And not with any composition, but with a special one, which creates a rough coating. It improves adhesion (adhesion).

For embossed (structural and textured)

For all embossed walls or ceilings, you can especially not level them. The composition is applied in a fairly decent layer - up to 1 cm, so it hides drops of up to 8-9 mm. But, in order to reduce the consumption of an expensive composition, it is still recommended to remove large irregularities. The protrusions are constrained, the pits are covered with suitable plaster. Next, an obligatory stage is coating with a primer. After drying, you can start applying the decorative plaster.

Structural plaster is usually applied in two layers. The first - basic - fits evenly and dries. The thickness of the layer is specified by the manufacturer, it is usually set with some kind of tolerance. This layer also serves as a leveling layer, but again, in order to reduce costs, it is better to level the surface first. The second layer is already applied a little thinner, and a relief begins to form on it.

But not all structural plasters are two-layer. On many, you can form a relief immediately after application, without a base coat. Usually the recommended layer is somewhat thicker in this case.

Venetian plaster

Compositions of this group require a perfectly flat surface. Not as smooth as paintable, but almost as smooth. Small differences are allowed - no more than 2-3 mm per square meter. standard - first, a layer of plaster (ordinary) is applied to the walls, a painting net is sunk into it. After drying, a leveling layer is applied - until a perfectly even state. Next - the primer, and after this layer has dried - the application of Venetian plaster.

Application techniques

It is impossible to tell about each method of applying decorative plaster - there are a lot of different details and nuances. The simplest case is with textured plasters. They are simply applied with a spatula. The whole difference is in the direction of movement of the spatula, in the depth of the barbs that leave blotches, and in color. But this is in the basic version. Nobody bothers to experiment with these compositions. Another thing is that the structural effect of the same actions is more impressive - more plastic compositions.

What can be used to create a decorative effect

The application of decorative plaster is possible with many tools and common household materials and devices made from them:

Metal trowels and floats. They are used not only to apply the composition in an even layer, but also to form geometrically chaotic patterns on it.
Construction floats made of plastic, polystyrene. They smooth out the freshly formed overly protruding relief.
Fine grit sandpaper. Also for leveling the relief, but on already dried material. Compared to the previous method, the effects are different.
Foam sponges. They are multifunctional. They can:
Cellophane films and bags. Also a multifunctional tool:
- By spreading a thin soft plastic wrap on freshly applied decorative plaster, you can form a relief with your hands. It can be some kind of abstraction or something with some motive. When the relief is ready, the film is carefully removed, the relief is left to dry.
- Crumpled paper is wrapped in plastic. A simple but effective tool for the formation of a non-uniform and chaotic pattern is obtained. Different application techniques can be used - circular motions, short "pokes", waves, strokes, comets, tails, etc.
- Just crumpling cellophane, but already more rigid and "poking" it into the plaster, we get a surface that is somewhat reminiscent of the moon.
Rollers. Usual foam or fur rollers are used, as well as special ones with some kind of pattern. Regular are used to create a base relief, over which more pronounced strokes are then applied. The type and shape of the "basic" relief depends on the length of the pile. When rolling with a foam roller, small protrusions-depressions are obtained. When rolling, shaggy - more pronounced. The longer the pile, the greater the differences.
Different rollers, different surfaces
Hands in rubber gloves. any pattern can be made. The task is to repeat more or less similar on the rest of the plane.
Brushes. You can get stripes, waves and a bunch of other appearance options.

Principles of relief formation

Decorative plaster is attractive because it allows you to create a unique pattern - you can use your own imagination. To make this drawing look harmonious, you need to know some general rules. Good manufacturers in the description of each composition have rules for working with it. It describes the procedure, methods of application, techniques for forming decorative surfaces.

A simple way - rolling with a roller with a pattern formed on it

Large firms (manufacturers or shopping centers) hold master classes, where everyone can try to work with a specific decorative plaster, which is also provided there, and not experiment "on the spot." Therefore, before buying, be sure to read all the available material, watch the videos, which are also often available, and in large numbers - there are really a lot of work methods. Describing in words is difficult and often incomprehensible. It's much easier to do everything in video format. We will try to briefly summarize the techniques.

- When working with structured plasters, painted in the mass (color is added to the composition), a thin base coat is first applied. It can be smooth, maybe - slightly textured - rolled with one of the rollers. This layer is allowed to dry (6-24 hours depending on the manufacturer). Then, with the same or clarified composition (an unpainted composition is added, obtaining a mass several tones lighter), one of the reliefs is formed. Further options:
  - - Immediately after shaping, while the plaster has not dried, lightly smoothen over protruding parts with a stainless or plastic trowel.
  - Wait until the layer is dry. Emery paper attached to a grip or a wooden block is used to clean off some part of the relief.
- Working with textured plasters, one layer is applied. Without waiting for drying, they immediately take the grout and form the desired relief. An example is working with bark beetle plaster. This composition is widespread, but basically all surfaces are made the same - with vertical strokes formed by blotches. There are some very interesting techniques in the video.

The hardest part is the technique of applying Venetian plaster. The layers are very thin, translucent, there are many of them and are applied in different ways:
- - Apply an even, thin base coat first. It dries up.
  - Thin chaotic strokes are applied, which gradually fill the surface. In this case, a certain, not very pronounced relief is obtained - strokes of different thickness are obtained, different directions.
  - The layer is left to dry for 4-5 hours.
  - Take a large stainless spatula or grater and rub (iron) the surface. In this case, the sharp edges are slightly erased, the surface becomes smooth in places, velvety-looking in places. The "marble effect" begins to appear.
  - The next layer is almost the same, but you just need to level the surface as much as possible.
  - The layer is left to dry for 1.5-2 hours.
  - Smooth with a smooth, burr-free spatula with rounded ends (so as not to damage it accidentally). At this stage, the surface acquires a glossy sheen.
  - Finishing stage - decorative wax coating. This layer increases the moisture resistance of the coating, and the glossy shine becomes more pronounced.

Applying decorative plaster: video tutorials

Not all the nuances of finishing work can be clearly described in words. Previously, everything was passed from master to apprentice through an internship. Modern technologies make it possible to make the process more widespread - video lessons and master classes give an idea of how to move, which is very difficult to describe in words. This section contains several interesting ideas for decorating walls with embossed plaster.

As you understand, applying decorative plaster is a creative business. But without experience it is difficult to imagine the results of your actions. We look closely, trying to copy the movements. First, it is advisable to practice on a piece of putty drywall - to work out the technique. When the result suits you, you can start decorating the walls.

Finishing the walls is a very troublesome and responsible event. Especially if the corners and walls are uneven. Pasting such surfaces with wallpaper or decorative tiles is a difficult task and it is rarely possible to solve it efficiently.

In such situations, decorative plaster comes to the rescue.

Currently dominated by dry mixes, it is the same free-flowing composition as the usual mass for interior wall decoration. Decor properties are given to it by various additives specially introduced into the recipe. These can be small pebbles, and even wood fibers, which give the lined surface a completely original pattern and texture.

Even an experienced plasterer, starting wall decoration, will not be able to imagine at the beginning of work what will turn out in the end. Therefore, before starting work, craftsmen prefer to make a test application on a small flat surface, for example, on a piece of drywall. The test allows you to immediately determine the methods and techniques of coating to identify the most advantageous characteristics of the decorative coating.

Decorative plaster costs

The presented material has many varieties. Depending on the composition, the price of the material in the form of a dry mixture ranges from 200 to 600 rubles per square meter. The consumption rate of the finished composition is provided by the manufacturer and is indicated on the package. And the price of work per m2 by invited specialists is from 250 rubles.

It should be borne in mind that the use of this method of wall decoration eliminates the need to perform a number of preparatory operations on their surfaces, which reduces the cost of the final cost of the coating. In addition, having minimal skills in finishing work, you can do them yourself, eliminating a significant part of the costs.

Types of decorative plaster

There are several types of classification of such material for wall decoration:

By the type of binder.
Depending on the type of filler that determines the surface texture.

On the first question, you can get advice from the manager of a building materials store. The choice depends, first of all, on the texture of the surface to be finished and the operating conditions of the coating after application.

Depending on the filler, the classification can be as follows:

Textured surfaces. As the name implies, the surface of the finish is uneven. The material successfully hides almost any defects on the wall and allows the performer to independently apply it, even with zero skills of such work. Actually, this is what determines the high popularity of this particular type of coating. And the price of the material is at a minimum for this type of coating.

Plasters of this type, in turn, are divided into several varieties:

"Lamb". This design gives the impression of a soft woolen surface when viewed from the side. Works well with substrates of mineral origin.
"Fur coat". The surface is similar to the previous one, but it looks like a fleecy.
"Bark beetle". When applied on a plane, grooves are formed, surprisingly resembling traces of a bark beetle, with the correct selection of tone, the texture corresponds to aged wood.

Structural. This type of coating is characterized by an almost absolute unpredictability of the nature of the surface that will be obtained during application. The previous version still allows you to somehow predict the result. In this case, at the beginning of work, you can be sure of only one thing - some structure on the surface will still appear.
Venetian. In terms of its decorative capabilities, this plaster is superior to other types. One of the features of such a coating is the need to create an almost perfectly flat surface, which is not always available even to experienced craftsmen. The application process takes a lot of time. A distinctive characteristic is also the translucency of the material. With the correct setting of lighting, the effect of an internal glow of the surface is created. This property allows you to make design decisions in which the image on the wall looks like a haze or fog.

In addition to the types of decorative plaster mentioned here, others are also produced. All of them differ in the nature of fillers that imitate one or another surface, which is not affordable. Such characteristics can be imitation of wood or silk fabric.

These materials also include colored plaster, produced in a wide range of colors.

DIY plastering of walls

With the exception of individual cases (Venetian coating), plastering work is done quite simply and any developer, if given the time and desire, seeks to carry out these works on their own. The desire is quite reasonable and understandable, but you need to take into account a number of circumstances, which are set out below:

You need to carefully consider the selection of material. Here, the consultation of an experienced specialist is not only desirable, but also required. And it would be better if it was not a store manager in charge of sales, but an uninterested outsider. Ideally, it is better to see a sample of the performance of this or that interior. The calculation of the amount of material based on the manufacturer's recommendations is not always correct. In an effort to assure the buyer of economic efficiency, he shows the minimum expense, which in terms of real execution is not always achievable. Therefore, it is better to purchase the amount of material with a small margin.
If there are no gross defects on the surface to be coated, the finishing can be neglected. Only rough chips and cracks should be repaired. The rest will be effectively removed with a layer of plaster, for which it was originally intended. But the application of a primer is necessary - it significantly improves the adhesion of the plaster to the wall surface. It is generally accepted that the finer the structure of additional inclusions, the higher the surface quality should be.

After the primer has completely dried, and she needs at least half a day for this, you can start plastering work. In the absence of experience, no instructions, including videos, will help. But it won't take much time to master the profession. You just need to start work from the least critical place, for example, where the furniture will subsequently stand. It is also useful to practice on foreign material from building materials waste.
At the end of the application of the plaster, you can give it additional charm, complementing it with additional relief, for which you will need additional tools. The non-tinted surface can be painted additionally by choosing the paint to your liking. This method is used to ensure uniformity of tone throughout the room, which is often impossible with the inevitable frequent mixing of the plaster composition.

Plaster is usually a waterproof coating. Therefore, it can be washed safely. In this case, you must refrain from using aggressive detergents. A mild detergent is used with elastic sponges, hard brushes and products containing abrasives are not applicable for the care of such a coating - the surface quickly loses its appearance, becomes dull due to a large number of scratches. As an additional protection, the surface is covered with a thin layer of wax, which protects it from moisture, but not from mechanical damage.

If you want to change the interior, the walls can be repainted, and if it is planned to use wallpaper, the walls can be additionally plastered.

Plastering tool

The tools and accessories for professionals are quite varied. He must ensure not only the productivity of work, but also their quality.

The range of tools used largely depends on the choice of the nature of the coating. In the simplest version, you can get by with a minimum set of spatulas of different sizes. You will also need a trowel, and for more complex options, it is desirable to use textured rollers. If the surface is to be painted, you need to stock up on a painting tool.

Applying plaster to the wall

How to make decorative plaster with your own hands? For independent execution by a person without experience, a covering of the bark beetle type can be recommended. She is not demanding of meticulous preparations. Due to its texture, it is not necessary to carefully level it during the application process. To work with such material, several spatulas of different widths and a little plastering skill are enough. It is almost impossible to spoil the bark beetle. The technology involves manufacturing in various versions, which directly depends on the size of the grains, the inclusion. Larger ones will require a thicker coating layer.

The device of the "Venetian" without a firm mastery of skills is impossible. When performing it, you need to apply on a perfectly prepared surface several ideally even layers of plaster, each with its own properties.

Silicone materials also require special skills. It is painstaking and delicate work that requires incredible patience and artistic tendencies. But the result also corresponds to the work invested.

Wall decor can be applied in the following order:

In accordance with the instructions on the package of the mixture, a solution of the desired consistency is prepared. Its quantity should provide for the possibility of production at a time. Additional stirring with the addition of water is not possible - the thickened residue will have to be thrown away.
A spatula and a grater become a universal tool. The applied layer of plaster is evenly distributed over the surface. As soon as the mass shows the first signs of hardening, it must be rubbed with a grater, while creating a pattern.
For beginners in this business, there are several simple techniques that allow you to get a beautiful decorative design with simple operations. This can be wavy grouting, beveled or straight lines that simulate rain, various closed curves or intersecting stripes. Movement when performing work should be confident, soft, not allowing for correction.

An interesting surface texture can be obtained using the most unexpected objects, from crumpled paper to brushes or washcloths. The easiest way is to use textured rollers with different patterns. Given the limited hardening period of the plaster, the drawings also need to be done as quickly as possible, there will be no opportunities for correction.
In 15 - 20 minutes after applying the pattern, the coating begins to lose its shine, which indicates that the crystallization of the solution has begun. It is necessary not to miss this moment, and walk along the surface with a wet trowel, smoothing out irregularities and removing too sharp relief changes. The tool should be cleaned frequently and moistened abundantly.
To separate areas of coverage with different textures, it is advisable to use construction tape. It must be removed before the applied solution hardens to ensure a clean, tear-free dividing line.
Complete drying of the solution occurs within a day. After this time, you need to treat the surface with a fine emery cloth. In this way, unnecessarily protruding parts and irregularities in the coating are removed.
A protective coating in the form of varnish or wax is applied to the surface approximately three days after the decorative layer is applied. Before applying it, you need to thoroughly clean the surface from dust using a vacuum cleaner.

When decorating external walls, a concrete surface using river pebbles is popular. After applying the composition to the wall, when it shows the first signs of hardening, you need to wash off a small part of the outer layer of the solution with a wet paint brush. The pebbles exposed at the same time are a wonderful decorative design of the wall.

Decor in alternative ways

To give decorative properties to a putty coating, you can use the following techniques:

Purchase a dry putty mixture and dilute it with water, taking into account the recommendations on the package. The most convenient are materials based on gypsum or cement. Possessing high strength properties, they make it possible to successfully level out irregularities on the base.
For the base layer, a thickness of 2 mm is sufficient, there is no need to carefully level the surfaces, since the decor will visually hide almost any irregularities.
In the process of creating a textured surface, you can use various tools and techniques. A common method is using a spatula or trowel
Various stamps and embossed rollers with ready-made patterns are widely used

As a finishing operation, the surface is most often painted. It is done with a paint roller in two passes, the first time with a long pile, the second with a short one. Such a coating best emphasizes the texture of the finish.

The elements of the texture are applied to the front layer from the same putty. Its thickness should not exceed 3 mm. Otherwise, cracking may occur during operation.

Drying of the putty layer must be done with closed doors and windows. Drafts are not allowed. Accelerating the process by turning on the heaters can lead to cracking and collapse of the finish layer. The essence of the process consists in the crystallization of the mass of the finishing material, in which air moisture also takes part. Therefore, its premature removal will lead to disruption of the process.

As you can see from the above data, the decorative plaster finishing process can be very simple, even easier than creating a smooth base surface. But certain materials and methods require special attention and skill, as well as artistic taste. Realistically assess your strengths and capabilities. I wish you success!

Decorative plaster is a finishing material that is used indoors, including with high humidity, as well as for facades. With this tool, original textures are created on the surface, some of which look like works of art. Even a beginner can complete such a finish. The main thing is to know how to apply decorative plaster.

The following requirements are imposed on decorative material:

vapor permeability - this provides the base with protection from condensation, therefore, an environment favorable for the occurrence of mold and mildew will not arise under the material;
moisture resistance - this parameter is recommended to be taken into account if the decorative agent is used for plastering the facade or surfaces inside rooms with high humidity (pools, bathrooms);
ease of application - this is important for DIYers who decorate with their own hands;
the color of the product - in this case, they are guided by their own preferences, however, it should be borne in mind that some materials give a different tone after hardening;
price - professionals advise choosing a product of the middle price category, since not everyone can afford a too expensive tool, and the tool does not always justify such a cost, and too cheap plaster is of poor quality.

Types of decorative means

It is important to know how to apply decorative plaster, the video will be given below, and which tool to choose. The material has several classification options. By the type of coating formed, the following funds are distinguished:

Embossed. They create various irregularities and bulges on the building base. The main advantage of these products is that you do not need to thoroughly prepare the surface for them. It is enough to level the base and repair large defects. Small drops and minor flaws will be fixed by the plaster itself.
Textured. Such products contain mica particles, small stones and other fillers that form an original texture on the surface. Under such a plaster, they also do not perform a thorough surface preparation. It is enough to make the base even and free from large defects. The material is applied with conventional construction tools. The use of special devices is not required.
Structural. They are a homogeneous product. The product is applied to the surface, leveled, and then with the help of special tools create a relief, as in the photo below. For this, rollers or various techniques for performing the structure are used.
Smooth. These decorative materials include Venetian plaster. With the help of the product, an imitation of marble, wood, leather and other textures is created on the building base. The main advantage of the product is its attractive appearance, the disadvantages are its high cost and complexity of application. Lovers without experience in applying decorative plaster are not recommended to use "Venetian".

Before talking about how to properly apply decorative plaster, you should first choose the right material. According to the field of application, the following types of funds are distinguished:

For facades. In this case, it is recommended to use textured materials. The packaging must be marked "for exterior decoration". Only such products will withstand temperature extremes and the negative effects of the environment. Among the facade decorative plasters are "bark beetle" and "fur coat".
For interior decoration. Any material is suitable here, but it is important to consider where exactly the tool will be used. For the bathroom and kitchen, only a moisture-resistant composition is suitable. For dry rooms, use any plaster.

According to their composition, acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral agents are distinguished. The choice of material depends on the type of building base, the place of finishing and the budget. Acrylic compounds are considered universal. Such plasters are suitable for any type of surface, for interior and exterior decoration.

Required tools

For beginners studying the question of how to properly apply decorative plaster, and a video on this topic, it is also recommended to familiarize yourself with what tools will be required during the decoration. To apply the material you need:

a clean plastic bucket for mixing the solution;
industrial mixer or drill with mixer attachment;
half-scraper;
trowel;
scraper;
a set of spatulas;
roller and brushes.

Preparation of the solution

If decorative plaster is used (how to apply - see the video below), it is important to properly prepare the product. If a dry mixture is used, then water is added to the product and mixed with a construction mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment to obtain a homogeneous solution of the consistency of thick sour cream. The proportions of the products are indicated on the packaging. After that, the agent is left for a few minutes, not more than 10. Then the solution is stirred again and used for its intended purpose.

Preparation of the building base

Whether it is possible to apply decorative plaster on the starting plaster is a common question for amateurs. Professionals say that such a finish is not only acceptable, but also necessary if there are large drops and deep cracks on the building base. Decorative plaster will not relieve significant defects. For this reason, the surface is plastered before applying the finishing agent.

The building base is preliminarily freed from the old coating, cleaned of dust, dirt, mold, mildew, grease and oil stains. Then remove unreliable fragments of the building base and apply a primer. Only then is the plastering performed. When the last layer dries, the surface is primed twice and proceeds to decoration.

Methods for applying the composition

How to apply decorative plaster depends on what type of decorative coating will be used.

Splashing

The easiest way to decorate the surface, which can be performed even by a beginner without plastering experience. For this, a smooth decorative plaster is applied to the surface in one layer. Next, another agent is sprayed over the material with a broom and a stick. The broom is immersed in the solution, brought to the surface and hit with a stick. A splash of material creates an original pattern. To make the finish look spectacular, it is recommended to make the base and spray in different shades.

Create texture with a trowel

How decorative plaster is applied with a trowel is shown in the video below. First, a cover layer of the material is made. After that, a little means is applied to the trowel and the tool is used to process the building base in a circular motion. This creates an unusual pattern on the surface.

Hatch-fleece

To create a pattern, use a smooth or textured plaster and a wire brush. The material is placed on the surface and treated with a metal brush in a chaotic manner. After that, work is suspended for a day. Then the surface is treated with a spatula to get rid of unstable plaster fragments.

Surface decoration with a decorative roller

To create a surface with an original pattern, decorative rollers are used. The tool is carried out on wet plaster, waiting for the agent to solidify and staining. To create an original drawing, a regular roller is also used, after having tied the tool with a rope or wrapped in polyethylene. Such a device is also carried out on the set, but not hardened plaster. This is one of the easiest ways to decorate a building base.

"Sgraffito"

If decorative plaster was used for finishing, how to apply the material using the "sgraffito" technique - this question arises for some users. For this method of application, it is required to divide the white solution into three parts, each painted in a separate color. Further, the compositions are sequentially applied to the surface. After that, a pattern is cut out in the upper corner according to a stencil. In this form, plaster layers are removed - an original drawing is obtained.

Working with textured plasters

How is decorative plaster applied, the video is given below, to create texture on the surface? It all depends on the type of coverage.

"Fur coat"

To create a "fur coat", a corresponding textured material is thrown onto the surface and distributed over the building base with a spatula. It is recommended to make a thin layer to make the texture look more profitable. After that, artificial fur is passed over the raw material. Thanks to this, the product will acquire the desired texture. After the material has solidified, the surface is coated with acrylic varnish or wax. This will improve the appearance of the finish and extend the operating period.

"Bark beetle"

For this coating use a special plaster "bark beetle". The material is thrown onto the surface and leveled with a trowel on the building base from top to bottom. The product contains small pebbles that drag behind the tool, leaving a mark on the coating. This is how an imitation of wood eaten by a bark beetle is created. This texture is not coated with wax or varnish.

Venetian plaster

Instructions for applying Venetian plaster:

Prepare a solution, divide the product into three parts and mix each with a different color scheme - two light and one dark.
Place three parts of the mortar on a wide spatula with a narrow spatula.
Apply the material to the surface.
After the product has set, level the base with a trowel in a circular motion.
When the material is cured, apply a coat of primer and varnish or wax.

The video demonstrates the technology of applying decorative plaster.

Knowing how decorative plaster is applied, the video shows this, you can independently create decor on the walls of the facade or inside the building. Choose the option you like, however, evaluate your strength correctly, since some coatings require at least minimal finishing experience.