Cannes - amazing flowers: growing, care and reproduction in the open field. How to propagate a canna for planting in spring
Cannes - bright beautiful garden flowers decorating summer cottages from mid-summer to autumn. Red, yellow, mottled, white, bright orange large flowers attract attention and look very elegant and spectacular. Kanna is a favorite of landscape designers and landscapers who use a flower to decorate lawns, flower beds, and personal plots. Cannes look great both in a single landing and in a group with other flowers and plants, giving the composition a special charm.
Canna (Canna) - perennial herbaceous plant, the only representative of the Cannes family. In the wild, there are over 50 various grades and cannon species that grow in the warm climatic conditions of countries such as India, Africa, Indonesia, as well as in the tropics South America. Cannes' habitats are banks of rivers, streams, in areas with moistened soil. The luxurious flower has erect, thin, unbranched stems reaching a height of 80 cm to 2 meters, individual species grow up to 3 meters in height. The leaves of the plant are large, lanceolate or oblong, can grow up to 80 cm in length, up to 25 cm in width. The color of the leaves of the canna can be bright green, and reddish-bronze, and striped, depending on the plant variety. Leaves densely cover the stem and look very attractive. Due to the size of the leaves on the stem, the canna is called the "miniature palm tree." Some types of cannons landscape designers use because of the decorative leaves. But, nevertheless, Kanna reveals all her splendor during flowering. The canna flowers on the peduncle are located asymmetrically, collected in the inflorescence in the form of a brush or panicle. They are similar in appearance to gladiolus. The main color of the canna flowers is richly red, and varieties with bright yellow, pink, white and two-color petals were selected by breeding. Cannes flowers do not exude aroma, which is their distinctive feature. The tropical beauty in the garden is an ideal plant for people with allergies or those who can not tolerate the pungent smells of flowers. The beginning of flowering - July, lasts until late autumn.
After flowering, a fruit is formed - a three-nested box of oval or cylindrical shape with round black seeds arranged in two rows, the ripening time of the fruit is from 30 to 40 days.
Cannes: varieties and varietiesAmong the huge variety of species and varieties of cannes, each of which is unique in its shape, color of petals and leaves. Canna Indian is the first garden hybrid to be bred by French breeder Crozie. On the basis of its source material, as a result of many years of selection, many varieties of plants were developed that have the common name "garden canna". There are 3 main groups of garden cannas:
Popular Cannes
How to grow canna in springLuxurious cannes look equally impressive both on the garden and in the pot, grown at home. Often undersized cannas are planted in flowerpots, tubs, large pots on balconies in greenhouses. Evergreen tropical plant - bright decoration winter garden. Many beginner gardeners are afraid to plant the canna in the open ground, considering it a capricious tropical guest, very demanding of care. Growing a canna in the garden is a snap. It is enough to know the peculiarities of its cultivation, planting rules and provide the plant with the necessary agrotechnical care, as in the natural environment of its habitat in the wild. Spring CannesKanna is a native of warm countries with a humid climate, so when choosing a place in the garden, you need to consider its preferences. The place where you plant the plant should be well lit and not shaded. In the shade of trees or farm buildings, the canna will not grow. One more important condition for her cultivation - reliable protection from strong wind or draft. A great option is to plant a plant against the wall of the house, which will protect it from the wind. Canna ornamental plant, so you should choose the most prominent place in the garden for planting it. Using a spectacular canna to create floral arrangements, choose shade-tolerant plants as neighbors for it, as lush, dense foliage of a plant can block other plants from access to light.
How to propagate a canna for planting in springCannes for planting are propagated in two ways:
For plant propagation by a vegetative method, rhizome division is used. Using this method of reproduction, next summer you will receive flowering plant. In the last days of September, the canna must be carefully dug out together with a small lump of earth, being careful not to damage the rhizome. The dug rhizome of the flower is placed overwinter in the dark and cool place. It is necessary to regularly inspect it throughout the winter season, to ensure that the roots do not rot. With the onset of spring, in late March, the rhizome is divided into parts. It is necessary to divide it so that on each part of the divided root there is one or two strong buds that will give growth young plant. Cut points should be treated with crushed activated carbon and dried, for disinfection. Then the dividers are placed upside down in a container with sawdust or with a mixture of peat, consisting of peat, sand and black soil in equal parts, and sprinkled with sand on top. Containers with dividers must be put in a warm place (from 20 to 24 degrees) for seedling to germinate. Periodically, the delenki need to be moistened and not allowed to dry out.
The most important condition for seed method Cannes breeding - preliminary preparation seeds, which contributes to their rapid germination, within a month.
Preparing canna seeds for planting in spring
Seedlings are ready for planting in open ground in May, early June. Cannes in springPlanting of young plants is carried out in the spring, closer to the second half of May, when the threat of frost passes. The choice of soil for planting canna in the springThe soil for planting cannons should be fertile, loose, deeply cultivated. Ideal soil composition: one third of coarse-grained sand, peat and sheet land. To provide lush flowers long flowering, experienced flower growers recommend that before planting, in the spring to create a plant warming litter from manure. To make it, you need to dig a hole 70 cm deep, pour a layer of horse manure (about 20 cm) into it and sprinkle with soil on top. Overripe manure will create a warm environment for the rhizome of the plant, and also fertilize the soil for active growth and abundant flowering. How to plant canna in the spring in the open groundCannes are planted in open ground in holes of 15–20 cm deep, keeping a distance of at least 50 cm between them. The root neck should be deepened into the ground by 2 cm and lightly compacted. After planting, young plants need abundant watering, at least 5-10 liters per bush. Water for irrigation uses warm, about 25 degrees.
Cannes in the spring: careBeauty canna, like any plant, requires care. In order for the flowering to be long and plentiful, the plant must be promptly removed from weeds, loosen the soil around the bushes, remove faded inflorescences, maintain constant soil moisture and make the necessary fertilizers. Watering cannCannes are native to countries with a humid climate, so the soil around the bush should be moderately moist. During the flowering period, watering is increased, but you can not fill the canna. Excessive soil moisture provokes the development of fungal diseases and blackening of buds - the canna will not bloom. In the fall, after a gradual fall of leaves, watering is reduced. Tilling and hilling cannonsFlowerbeds and garden areas where cannons grow, you must regularly weed and remove weeds to ensure breathability of the soil. In autumn, when the air temperature drops significantly, the cannes are high up in order to protect the root neck of the plant. Low temperature fatal to a southern plant. In October, before the onset of the first frosts of the rhizome, together with a lump of earth, they dig out and store the winter period until spring in a cool room. Flowering CannesCannes Feature - Long Lasting plentiful flowering from mid-summer to October. For canna to bloom all season, experienced gardeners recommend periodically cutting flowers to prevent seeds from tying up. Ovaries prevent the formation of new flower buds. Cut the flower with secateurs or a sharp knife. Cut flowers look spectacular both in a single bouquet and in compositions with other garden flowers. Cannes stand in the water for 4 to 8 days. If you notice that the cannes do not bloom for a long time, it is worth observing the lighting of the plant throughout the day. The reason for her unwillingness to bloom may be a lack of sunlight from the shade of trees, hedges, outbuildings. Feeding CannesIn order to achieve long and lush flowering of the canna, she needs to make regular fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers.
How to save rhizomes in winterAfter flowering, at the end of September or the beginning of October, cannas need to be dug up and transferred along with a lump of land to a cool room where they should be stored until spring. The Cannes wintering room should not only be cool, but also with moderate humidity. Rhizomes are laid out in boxes or containers and sprinkled with peat, sawdust or sand. Temperature differences are not desirable. Ideal storage conditions: air humidity –50%, and temperature - from 6 to 8 degrees Celsius. Cannes can also be stored in the refrigerator in the fruit and vegetable storage section. In the fall, when the tubers are dug up, they are washed in running water and placed in a potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for a day. Then dried. Each tuber is wrapped in paper. Cannes rhizomes winter well in ordinary flower pot or a bucket, sprinkled with dry earth, on a glazed loggia or balcony, where the air temperature is not higher than 15 degrees. In this case, the soil must be moistened 2 times a month.
Cannes Diseases and PestsThe main problem of Cannes is bacterial and fungal diseases. Both leaves and plant buds are susceptible to bacteriosis. At the first stage, white spots appear on the leaves, then the buds blacken and die. The cause of bacteriosis is excessive soil moisture. A plant infected with bacteriosis must be destroyed, since the disease is not treated. There is a chance of infection of other plant instances. In addition to bacteriosis, cannes are susceptible to a disease such as rust fungus. It appears in the form of yellowed leaves, which eventually become covered rust spots. For prevention of rust fungus, a solution of potassium permanganate is used (4 g must be diluted in 10 liters of water). In rare cases, cannas suffer from a variegated virus, in which the leaves of the plant are covered with small black dots. In the fight against the disease, timely removal of damaged leaves and inflorescences is used.
Cannes PestsAmong the cannabis pests, caterpillars secrete plant leaves and nematodes that feed on the roots of the plant. Insecticides are used to control pests. Canna in landscape designCannes get along perfectly with any flowers, the only condition is to take into account the rapid growth of the plant when planting the flowerbed. High spectacular cannes can drown the flowering of their more slowly growing neighbors.
Kanna looks great not only in the flowerbed, but is also used as a tub or pot plant for landscaping terraces, verandas, balconies.
Massive bright flower can mask or hide unaesthetic garden areas, outbuildings. High cannons are often used as hedges, and low-growing varieties are planted along garden paths and borders. Cannes look spectacularly unforgettable against the background of a bright green lawn, near a reservoir, a pond. Cannes, photo
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Canna is a beautiful perennial flower that has long been a favorite of landscapers and owners of private houses. This flower has a host of advantages, which are the simplicity of planting, cultivation, care and reproduction, as well as a wide variety of varieties. He has only one drawback - canna does not winter well in open ground. But more on that later.
There is an ancient legend that tells of an Indian chief. The old leader burned a peace treaty in the fire, and this entailed a great bloody war. And on the site of that fire, cannons grew, resembling flames and spilled blood with their bright colors.
Kanna - a favorite flower of many gardeners
Varieties and varieties of Cannes
Cannes have a juicy stem, the length of which varies, depending on the species, from 50 cm to 2 m. The first garden hybrid was bred by the Frenchman Crozi. All subsequent cultivated varieties are called "Canna Garden" and are divided into three groups.
- Deciduous canna. The highest of the cannes, some varieties reach 3 m. The flowers of deciduous cannes are small, about 6 cm, and the leaves are large with shades from dark green to purple.
Canna leafy
- Cannes Crozie. The lowest, their growth is from 70 cm to 1.5 m. The flowers are large, about 10 cm, and the leaves are green or purple with a gray cover.
Kanna Crozi
- Cannes are orchid-shaped. The group is medium in height, usually reaching two meters, owners of large, orchid-like flowers and fleshy green leaves with a purple hue.
Cannes Landing
To plant the cannons, select a place protected from the winds, in which it is also light and sunny enough. Cannes prefer deeply cultivated, loose and nutritious soil. The most suitable mixture for them: 1/3 of coarse sand, 1/3 of leafy soil, 1/3 of peat. Cannes are planted in open ground after the end of frost.
Some gardeners advise making "hot bedding" so that the flowering of the cannon is more magnificent. To do this, in a pit dug approximately 70 cm in depth, at first 20 cm of horse manure is poured, and the earth is poured on top. Thus, under the earth’s layer, slow burning of manure will occur and heat will be generated, which contributes to a longer and lush flowering of cannons.
Kanna will feel good if she is planted against a wall that protects from the wind
Cannon seeds must be prepared before planting. To do this, they are first scalded with boiling water, and then placed in a thermos with warm water for 3-4 hours. Sown seeds in a greenhouse in February. The temperature in the greenhouse should be 20–23 ° C. After 2–4 weeks, sprouted crops are planted in pots, and when leaves appear, cannons are planted in open ground.
But most often the cannes are planted by dividing the root system in late spring or early summer. Roots are planted in holes dug at a distance of 50 cm from each other and fertilized with humus. Sprouted roots are planted to a depth of 10-15 cm, and not sprouted by 5-7 cm. Wells are constantly watered.
Canna seeds
Plant care
Cannes accept good care with gratitude, like any other plant. In order for the cannas to bloom on time and look spectacular, they need to be timely removed from weeds, to loosen the soil around the bushes. During the entire flowering period, it is necessary to remove dried inflorescences.
At the right choice heights and grades, cannes can be used anywhere. Massive varieties of these colors allow you to mask not the most aesthetic places of your site.
Indian canna naturally grows along ponds, so this species can be planted not only along the pond, but also directly in the pond. To do this, place the flower in a large basket or flowerpot and place it in a pond so that the surface of the pot is slightly covered with water.
Vivid photos of your winter garden and flower garden will not leave anyone indifferent.
Canna in landscape design
This flower looks no less wonderful in the section. It costs from 4 to 8 days, and is effective both in a mono-bouquet and in combination with other colors.
Gardeners argue that those small troubles that the cultivation of canna brings with it, reproduction and care are forgotten as soon as this beauty begins to bloom. These bright flowers will delight you until the deepest autumn, bringing a bright variety to the gray autumn landscape. And when your neighbors will choose such ordinary for a photo yellow leaves, your background will be much more attractive.
Cannes Landing: video
Varieties of Cannes: photos
“In all of you, darling, the outfits are good” - these words can rightly be attributed to the beautiful flowering plant - canne. Its decorativeness lies not only in beautiful colorsbut also in luxurious leaves.
Kanna is a thermophilic creature who needs conditions similar to those in which it grows in nature for a full life. But this does not mean that caring for her is complicated. Knowing the intricacies of growing canna, you can get a wonderful decoration infield for the entire summer and autumn period.
Kanna comes from countries with a tropical climate - Central and Latin America, Indonesia, Hawaii. In Europe, it began to be cultivated in the 17th century.
Description of colors
Kanna is the only representative of the cannon family and has more than 50 species. It is a tall - from 0.5 to 2.5 m - plant with a straight, non-branching stem. It is densely covered with leaves - large, oblong in shape with a pointed tip. They themselves are its decoration. Their color can vary depending on the variety - from dark green to purple, purple and bronze red. For the size and number of leaves on the stem, it is sometimes called a miniature palm. Indeed, the size is very impressive - from 25 to 80 cm in length and from 10 to 30 cm in width.
Cannon flower stalk is very strong, so even with high growth they do not require support. The flowers are large (10-25 cm), asymmetrical, the original color is red. But today the cultivated varieties and hybrids are full of all shades of yellow, orange, raspberry flowers. Least of all canna with white flowers.
Canna is a rhizome plant. Despite the fact that it is a perennial plant, in our conditions it does not winter on the street. The main condition for its flowering for the next year is the proper storage of rhizomes in the winter.
Where canna grows in natural conditions, it is used not only as an ornamental plant. Its rhizome serves as a source of starch, and the upper green part is an excellent vitamin top dressing for livestock.
The most popular types and varieties of Cannes and their photos
Breeders could not pass by such a fertile material and, thanks to their efforts, today we have many hybrids of cannas. They differ in the color of the flower. Cannons with spotty, speckled, and even striped flowers are not uncommon now.
Cannes are divided into species, which, in turn, have their own varieties:
- indian canna - the source material for many years of selection, which resulted in a species called garden canna;
- kanna Krozi is a type of stunted cannon that resembles a gladiolus in appearance;
- orchid cannons - reminiscent of Cattleya. They have large flowers, sometimes with a corrugated edge and a tall stem (1-2 m);
- deciduous or small-flowered cannes. They are very tall - up to 3 m, their main decoration is leaves. Flowers, on the contrary, are small. But they rarely breed.
Varieties of cannes
Photo. Canna durban
Andenken en Pfitzer.Canna 110-140 cm high, flowers are bright orange with red dashes. Leaves are dark purple. It blooms in July.
DurbanRefers to the type of cannula finely colored. Its flowers are yellow-orange in color. Its main decoration is leaves. They are striped with several shades - pink, bronze and yellow-green.
Livadia.Red-raspberry flowers are in harmony with purple leaves, plant height up to 1 m, planted in July.
Richard WallaceA flower up to 1 m high with light yellow red speckled flowers. The leaves are green. The beginning of flowering is July.
America.It can grow up to almost a meter and a half, cinnabar-colored flowers with a diameter of up to 12 cm. The leaves are purple. The beginning of flowering is July.
Suevia.Canna with lemon-colored flowers in an inflorescence of 12 x 15 cm, leaves are green, grows up to 1 m.
Outdoor Cannes
The conditions for growing cannons should be similar to her native conditions. Of course the tropics in middle lane it’s impossible to create outdoors, but it’s quite possible to observe certain conditions.
The choice of place must be approached in terms of its illumination, the presence of a spacious free area and the absence of drafts.
Kanna not only loves the light, she needs direct sunlight. Therefore, the place should be such where the shadow from buildings and trees will not fall.
Since canna is a decorative plant, it needs to be planted where it will be clearly visible. Most often it is used in flower arrangements. As neighbors, for her, you need to select those flowers that are not afraid of shade - because the canna is a tall and bushy plant and can deprive its neighbors of light.
By the autumn, the canna grows strongly, and especially its rhizome, which grows not in depth, but in breadth. Therefore, when determining a place for a flower, you need to provide a good approach to it, in order to unearth it in the fall without hindrance and without damage to neighboring flowers.
The place should be protected from strong winds, but the light breeze of the canne will not hurt.
Cannes flowers are propagated by both seeds and division of the rhizome
Cannes are propagated in two ways - by seeds and division of the rhizome. The first method does not guarantee the preservation of varietal qualities, it is rarely used, mainly by those who are interested in breeding.
Propagation by division of the rhizome is the usual way that all gardeners use it. It allows you to save properties maternal plant and simple enough.
Seed propagation
Canna seeds are solid boxes with three nests. Before planting them, the hard shell of the seeds must be softened. There are two ways to do this:
- Scale the seeds with boiling water and hold them in warm water 3-4 hours. Or put on the battery for 12 hours.
- Hold the seeds for 1-2 hours in the freezer.
Canna seeds are sown in February in light ground. A container with seedlings is placed in a shaded place with an air temperature of 22-23 ° C. Seeds will sprout in 25-30 days. When 3-4 leaves appear, the sprouts need to be planted in separate pots and keep them already at a lower temperature - 16 ° C. Some may bloom already this year, others will give bloom only next.
Rhizome division
At the beginning of March, cannes can be propagated by dividing the rhizome
If you want to be guaranteed to get a new flowering plant this summer, then multiply the canna by dividing the rhizome. This should be done in early March. The tuber overwintered in storage should be examined for diseases. If he is healthy, it must be cut so that on each split there is one large or several small, even weak kidneys. Sprinkle slices with crushed charcoal and dry.
Pour wet sand into the container and lay the divided parts horizontally on them with the kidney up. Sprinkle with sand above and sprout at a temperature not exceeding 24 ° C. From time to time, planting should be sprayed with warm water ( room temperature) The lower container heating will improve germination. When leaves appear and the sprouts become crowded in one container, they must be planted. Small pots are suitable for this. They need to be put in a bright, cool room (about 16 ° C). There they will grow up and gain strength before landing on a flower bed. In order to prevent diseases, it is recommended to water them once every 10 days with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Outdoor landing
The time for planting is determined by the termination of return frosts - this is approximately mid-May. But the ground for them should be prepared a little earlier. It needs to be dug and sprinkled with fertilizers - humus, phosphorus and nitrogen.
Wells for plants are made deep - up to half a meter. Cannes are large plants, so the distance between the holes should be at least 60 cm. These flowers, like cucumbers, love to keep their roots warm. Therefore, each hole is insulated with a layer of manure of 1 cm. From above, it is covered with a layer of earth at least 25 cm and only then seedlings are planted. Before planting, the well is well spilled with water. The rhizome should be buried no less than 7 cm.
Before planting, the canna needs to be grown. If this is not done, then in our temperate latitudes it simply will not have time to bloom. For this, the rhizome is prepared in the same way as for reproduction.
If you grow cannons in open ground, then be sure to weed and loosen the soil, near them
The main condition for lush and long flowering Cannes is considered proper watering. Immediately after planting, the plant is watered very abundantly - 1 bucket per 1 sprout. Then it is necessary to ensure that the ground under it is constantly wet. To reduce the evaporation of the liquid, soil can be mulched around the cannas. But there is no need to arrange swamps, otherwise the roots of the flower will decay and it will die.
Weeding and cultivation when growing cannes in open ground are mandatory procedures. Roots need oxygen and nutrition as much as high humidity.
It is enough to do top dressing 2-3 times a season, provided that before planting the soil has been taken away. In general, Kanna prefers more phosphorus and less nitrogen. You can carry out foliar top dressing by spraying the leaves with a solution of mineral fertilizers, you can use liquid - watering the plant under the root. A good infusion of chicken manure.
Cultivation methods
As already mentioned, cannes are perennials and there are three ways to grow and preserve them.
- Dig up the rhizome in the fall and send it for storage for the winter in complete rest in the usual way. From mid-February, you can begin the process of growing up. For this, the rhizomes are extracted from the repository, divided into parts with kidneys, but are not cut. They need to be divided into freely detachable parts, planted in a substrate of humus, garden soil and sand. Sprinkle a little on top and water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate. The buds awaken after about a week and in the third decade of May they can be planted on a flower bed.
- Dig a canna in the autumn after frost, cut the stem and transplant it directly into the pot with an earthen lump. From the cottage, you can take her to the apartment and provide her with complete peace by putting the pot in a cool place. In order not to wake the plant ahead of time, you need to water the canna no more than 1-2 times a month. The flower will give the first leaves in about three months, then it needs to be rearranged closer to the light. The plant begins to grow rapidly and by the time it is planted in the soil, it already has decent dimensions. Before planting, it is better to temper the canna for 10 days. The landing is the same after May 20.
- Digging out a canna in the fall, cut only the peduncle, but leave the leaves. With a lump of land, transplant it into a pot and put it in a bright place in the apartment. That is, do not artificially create a dormant period for the plant. Watering during the winter should be moderate. Starting in March, canna can be fed with infusion wood ash and humus. The flower stalk begins to form in the plant. By the time of landing, buds will already be formed on it.
Cannes begin to bloom in the Russian Federation from June, July and until frost
Cannes do not have a rest period in nature; they bloom all year round. In our temperate latitudes, this time lasts from June-July until the onset of frost, an average of 3 to 4 months. The duration of flowering depends on the variety of cannes and their care. Flowering can be reduced due to the fact that the flower does not have enough moisture and light.
When the first peduncle appears, it must be cut, then the flowering will be more magnificent and long. As the flowers wither, they must be removed so that new buds grow in its place and so that the seeds do not begin to ripen.
Winter storage
Cannes are dug up in late September, when flowering has ended and the stem has begun to turn black. The stem is cut, and the rhizomes together with a lump of land are sent to winter storage. The storage room should be cool, with dim light and moderate humidity. They are placed in boxes or boxes, sprinkled with sand or peat. You can use the land mixed with sawdust of deciduous trees.
The desired storage temperature is 6-8 ° C. A sharp temperature drop is undesirable. From time to time, tubers need to be inspected for their rot. If a patient comes across - it needs to be thrown away. If he is only slightly affected by rot, then you need to trim this area and treat the section with iodine.
If there is no such room - a cellar or a barn, you can keep the tubers in the refrigerator until spring. Some gardeners store tubers in the ground (in pots), as described in the “Planting Methods” section.
In southern areas, where there is no severe frost, cannon tubers can be left in the ground, covering them with leaves, sawdust or spruce branches.
Diseases, pests and control methods
Gardeners appreciate Cannes for their good resistance to disease. But garden pests sometimes hit a tropical beauty. Most often, it is an aphid, cabbage whitewash or red tick. The only way to combat them is insecticides. Moreover, they must be used already at the first sign of defeat. Can accept preventative measures - Before planting, dip tubers in Aktara's solution. Then the pests will not attack your darling.
Cannes in landscape design
They are so beautiful that they may well be a single decoration of individual corners of the garden. Cannes do not lose in combination with other colors. A good environment for tall flowers would be dahlias, raspberry asters, rudbeckia and geleniums. You can experiment by creating flower arrangements, because cannes grow beautifully in the neighborhood with any of them.
Cannes are planted in open ground after spring frost (in April - May). P
before this, the rhizomes are germinated in a greenhouse or room at 22 - 25 degrees in the soil, consisting of humus land, turf and sand (2: 1: 0.5).
The warmer the room, the faster the roots will form.
As soon as the seedlings grow a little, it should be hardened. To do this, you need to take out the pots in a shaded place during the week, where the midday rays of the sun do not fall.
Otherwise, after planting, the plants will receive sunburn leaves.
Cannes need abundant watering, so it is recommended to plant them near a water source
When choosing a place for planting cannas in the open ground, remember that its homeland is hot Latin America, which means that only that bush that is located on an illuminated and sheltered from the wind site will bloom.
It is best to plant cannons near the water, as plants love abundant watering.
The soil for cannons should be loose, enriched with compost or humus (5 kg per sq. M), charcoal half a liter per sq. m., nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers.
Plants are planted in holes 30 to 30 cm and a depth of 70 cm. Before planting, fresh manure (at least 20 cm) is placed in these holes, sprinkled with earth (25 cm) on top and a plant is placed.
As a result of the debate of manure, heat is generated that contributes to the normal development of roots and the lush flowering of cannons.
Breeding
Cannes multiply seed and rhizome division.
If you do not have a goal to get a new variety, then it is easier and faster to propagate in the second way. For this, the rhizome must be divided with a sharp knife into several parts so that one or two buds remain on one divide.
To avoid infection, the sections are sprinkled with ash or charcoal and the rhizomes are left for 3 days in a room with a temperature of 10-15 degrees to dry and wake up the kidneys.
After that, the material is germinated and planted in the ground.
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Caring for Cannes
During the growing season, cannes need abundant watering (but not overmoistening) and loose soil.
Since the soil under the canes is quite fertile, weeds sprout in it very quickly, which must be regularly weeded.
You need to feed the plant once a month phosphoric fertilizers or diluted chicken water (1:10). Consumption of the composition - 0.5 l for each bush.
Also spend foliar top dressingby spraying the leaves with a fertilizer solution prepared according to the instructions.
In addition, during flowering, it is useful to sprinkle handfuls of wood ash under the bushes.
Cannes flowering lasts from 90 to 130 days. To bloom lasted longer, you need to remove the first buds and then pick off withered flowers, preventing the seeds from tying up.
At the end of the flowering and growing season, but before the onset of frost, the cannas must be dug up and cut.
Pruning is carried out at a distance of 20 cm from the root neck, after which the rhizomes are removed for storage and kept at 10 degrees Celsius.
It is important that during pruning a little earth remains on the rhizome of the plant.
Possible problems and pests
Cannes are practically not affected by pests.
With excessive watering and excess fertilizer, the leaves can turn black. If this happened and the rhizome rotted, then it will not be possible to save the plant.
because of high humidity cannon soils can be hit by caterpillars. In this case, the plants are treated with insecticides.
How to independently design and implement landscape design find out at your site.Correctly choosing a variety, a place for planting, as well as a method of breeding, this article will help.
The most popular cannons
Reaches 2 meters in height. The leaves are oblong, narrowed at the end, 0.2-0.6 m in length and 10-15 cm in width. It has a rare brush with yellow flowers reaching 8 cm in length.
The species has more than 1000 hybrids that vary in size, height, color of flowers and leaves. First of all, these are varieties with bluish leaves and carmine red flowers belonging to the Crozi subspecies.
Large-flowered or orchid varieties.
This group includes such popular varieties as " America"(Plants up to 140 cm tall with cinnabar red flowers and purple leaves) and" German Titov"(Up to 130 cm high with pale pink flowers and purple-green foliage).
Kanna Striat.
The plant is 0.8-0.9 m tall with red-yellow-orange flowers and variegated green leaves. It blooms from July to September.
Photo different grades Cannes can be viewed in the gallery:
Canna in landscape design
Canna (lat. Canna) - a genus of the monotypic family of Cannes (lat. Cannaceae) of the order ginger-flowering, numbering more than fifty species of herbaceous plants. For flower growers, the value of Cannes consists not only in beautiful flowering, but also in large decorative leaves of dark green, dark purple, red-bronze and even purple hues.
At first glance, the canna flower looks like a hybrid of a banana with a gladiolus or orchid. The plant has only two drawbacks: in our latitudes it does not winter well in open ground and does not smell at all. All other characteristics are solid advantages. The main one is that the plant has almost no illnesses, so growing a canna will not cause trouble even for a novice grower. With all its beauty and decorativeness, Canna is generally unpretentious, drought-resistant, and decorates the garden with flowering from the end of June until the very frosts.
Cannes rhizome branches, expanding in breadth. Flower stems erect, thick, high (from 0.6 to 3 m). The leaves are large, powerful, pointed, oblong or elliptical, reaching a length of 25-80 cm, and a width of 10-30 cm. The shape and color of the leaves makes the plant attractive and without flowers, but only when the canna blooms, you will realize that such beauty and harmony.
Canna flowers are sharply asymmetric, bisexual, 4-8 cm in size, the original color is red, but today, thanks to the work of breeders, varieties of yellow, pink, orange flowers, there are two-tone, with a border and even speckled. Less common are white cannons. Flowers are collected in panicle or raceme inflorescences. The fruit is a three-celled box.
Cannes seed cultivation
Canna seeds often do not retain varietal characteristics, and not all varieties tie seed, therefore the best way Cannes breeding - division of the rhizome. But if you are passionate about breeding, you can try seed propagation. Cannes seeds have a very hard shell, which must be softened before sowing. Scald the seeds with boiling water and hold them in a thermos in warm water for 3-4 hours. Or for 12 hours on a hot battery. Or freeze for 1-2 hours in the refrigerator.
You need to sow the seeds in February, the soil should be light, the temperature should be 22-23 ºC, the penumbra should be indoors. Shoots appear after 3-4 weeks, and when they have 3-4 leaves, dive them into separate pots in which they will be at a temperature of 16 ºC until they land in the ground. Some seedlings may bloom this year, and some will bloom only the next.
Cannes landing in the open ground
Kanna loves drafts protected from the drafts, fertile, rich in organic matter and warm soil. Canna has the same needs as the popular vegetable crop of cucumber. The optimal soil composition is: humus, sheet land, coarse sand and peat in equal parts. Good drainage required!
When to plant cannons
In the second half of May, when the risk of frost will no longer threaten plant life, cannons are planted in open ground. From a possible sharp temperature difference, sometimes happening in the spring, the canna in the garden will lag behind in growth for a long time, and in best case the flowering time will be delayed, and in the worst, the canna will not bloom at all.
If you want to get the most out of the canna, make a hot “litter” for it: put a 20 cm layer of fresh manure on the bottom of the planting pit with a diameter of 50-60 cm, which will give heat to the roots of the canna and provoke it to intensive growth and lush flowering, then manure is covered with a 25 cm layer of soil, moistened well, and only after that they put the rhizome of the canna into the hole and add it.
If the cannon bulb did not have time to germinate, then the planting depth should be no more than 6-9 cm. The distance between the plants, as well as between the rows, should be half a meter. From the moment of planting in the ground until flowering takes from one and a half to two months.
Cannes outdoor care
During the growing season, cannas need to be fed with mineral fertilizers two or three times: after irrigation, granules are scattered around the plants, and then the soil is loosened. For 1 m2, 40-50 g of the mixture will be required (10 g of potassium fertilizer, 12 g of nitrogen and 25 g of phosphorus). Otherwise, caring for the cannon is very simple. Watering is necessary regular, but moderate, until shoots appear.
Do not forget to cut off faded inflorescences. In the first half of the growing season, monitor the appearance of weeds and remove them in time. At the end of flowering and before the first frosts, the cannas need to be spudled very high to protect the root necks from possible freezing.
Caring for the cannabis after flowering
Cannes at the end of flowering also do not need a large amount of water, so watering should be gradually reduced, and then completely stopped. Before the first frosts, the cannas need to be high up to protect the root necks from freezing, otherwise they can rot in winter, and immediately after the first frosts, the stems of the cannons should be cut at a height of 15-20 cm, and the rhizomes should be removed along with a lump of earth.
Cannes reproduction
Most reliable way If you get cannabis blooming in the summer, then at the beginning of March, divide the cannabis tubers so that there is one large bud or several weak ones on each split, sprinkle the slices with powdered charcoal, and dry. Fold the dividers tightly to each other in a greenhouse container on the ground (sand), placing the kidney horizontally, sprinkle with sand on top and sprinkle with warm water from time to time.
Germination is carried out at a temperature of 20-24 ºC, it would be nice to slightly warm the container from below. When the plants that let out the leaves become crowded, transplant them into small pots and move them into a bright room with a temperature of no higher than 16 ºC so that they grow and grow stronger before planting in the ground, pouring a solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 10 l of water) once a decade. You can do without growing up at home, but abandoning it will greatly delay the flowering time: if you plant non-germinated tubers in the ground, the canna may not have time to bloom at all.
Winter canna storage
In late September and early October, cannons are carefully dug out of the ground with a lump of earth and transferred to the place where they will be stored until spring. Store cannes in winter is best in a cool place with moderate humidity and ambient light. Rhizomes are transferred to boxes and sprinkled with peat, sand and earth with sawdust of non-coniferous trees. The moisture content of the substrate is preferably fifty percent, and the temperature is 6-8 degrees Celsius. Storage of cannons requires regular inspection of rhizomes for rotting: if a tuber damaged by rot is found, cut the affected area to a healthy tissue, and treat the section with iodine. Watch the level of humidity and provide rhizomes with protection against sharp temperature changes.
If you can’t store your cannes indoors, you can keep them in the refrigerator until spring. In the fall, tubers are dug up, washed from the ground under running water, a day is kept in a disinfectant solution of potassium permanganate, then it is dried, each tuber is wrapped in paper and put into a container for storing vegetables, from time to time checking if any of the tubers has rotted. Some growers store dried cannon tubers on the balcony in a plastic bucket, sprinkled with dry earth. With a severe cooling, the bucket should be brought into the apartment and placed on the floor under the balcony door.
You can store the rhizomes in a pot in the soil at a temperature not exceeding 15 ºC. For this, a glazed loggia, attic or porch is suitable. In this case, the soil needs to be moistened a couple of times a month. If in your region there are no frosty winters, the dug out cannabis rhizomes can be stored directly in a place not flooded with water, in a place protected from the wind. It is only necessary to fill the tubers with a twenty-centimeter layer of dry sawdust.
Cannes Disease and Pests
When the canna blooms, watering should become more plentiful, but do not overdo it: waterlogging can cause fungal or bacterial diseases, leading to blackening and death of the buds. Sometimes the leaves of the canna damage the caterpillars of the butterflies, and the roots damage the nematodes. Use insecticides to control them.
Cannes species and varieties
The progenitor of almost all types of cannes popular today is kanna indian (Canna indica). Cultivars Indian canes, obtained as a result of many years of selection, are called the garden canna. Florists divide these hybrids into three groups:
Cannes Crozie
Low-growing species (60-160 cm), the flowers of which resemble gladioli. The leaves, covered with white bloom, have a dark green or purple-bronze hue, the flower petals are unbent. The first hybrid by the French breeder Krozi was created in 1868, and this garden canna was called the Krozi canna or the French canna. The best varieties of Cannes Crozie: Livadia (up to 1 m high, red-raspberry inflorescences 25-30 cm long, purple leaves, blooms since July), "America" (120-140 cm tall, cinnabar-red flowers 12 cm in diameter, inflorescences 30-35 cm long, purple leaves, blooming since July), "The president" (up to 1 m tall, bright red flowers in inflorescences about 30 cm long, leaves are green, blooms since July), etc.
Orchid Cannes
The shape of a flower resembles Cattleya. These are tall varieties (1-2 m) with large flowers (12.5-17.5 cm), whose petals have corrugated edges. Leaves are green or violet-green. Popular varieties: Andenken an Pfitzer (110-140 cm, inflorescences up to 30 cm long consist of bright orange flowers with red touches, leaves are brown-purple, blooms from July), Suevia (height up to 1 m, lemon flowers, inflorescence 12x15 cm, leaves are green, blooms in late June), Richard Wallace (up to 1 m tall, flowers are light yellow with red dots in an inflorescence 20-23 cm long, green leaves, bloom since July), etc.
Deciduous Cannes
Deciduous (small-flowered) cannes grow in height up to 3 m, have very beautiful leaves green, purple and violet-green colors, but the flowers in these cannons are small, the size does not exceed 6 cm, they are rare in culture. The most famous variety of small-flowered canna is the Durban variety: the flower is yellow-orange, the leaves are striped, pink-bronze-yellow-green - a real decoration of any garden.
Where to buy cannon bulbs
For 30 years, the Scientific and Production Association “Gardens of Russia” has been introducing the latest achievements in the selection of vegetable, fruit, berry and decorative crops into the widespread practice of amateur gardening. In the work of the association, the most modern technologies, created a unique laboratory of microclonal propagation of plants. The main tasks of the NGO "Gardens of Russia" is to provide gardeners with quality planting stock of popular varieties of various garden plants and new world selection. Delivery planting material (seed, bulb, seedlings) is carried out by Russian Post. Waiting for you to shop:
