What types of eggplant are suitable for growing outdoors. Eggplant varieties for the middle lane The best early eggplant varieties for the middle lane

According to the majority of inexperienced gardeners, eggplant is a whimsical, heat-loving culture, the cultivation of which in the middle zone of our state is considered very problematic. This is not true. The main reasons for the unsuccessful cultivation of plants are the wrong choice of seeds, non-observance of the rules of agricultural technology.

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The early ripe eggplant Vera is a compact plant that grows to a height of 73 - 105 cm as it grows. Medium leafy bushes. Varietal fruits are pear-shaped, purple in color, glossy surface. Fruit pulp is whitish, bitterness is not felt in it. Ripe fruits reach a mass of 125 - 181 grams. The yield indicators of the variety are in the range: 0.8 - 1.2 kg / sq. The variety is suitable for greenhouse cultivation, open field planting.

Bourgeois

Gardeners often choose Bourgeois eggplant because of the early ripening of fruits with solid sizes and excellent taste. Ripe fruits of the culture, weighing 400 - 500 grams, have a beautiful dark purple color, due to their round shape they resemble tomatoes. The fruiting of the plant is long, until the onset of frost. Summer residents note the hybrid's impressive resistance to bad weather and common diseases.

Black Beauty

The high-yielding Black Beauty eggplant exhibits excellent fruit setting in adverse, variable climates. The variety is early, resistant to infections, bred for growing in foil greenhouses in areas with a short warm season. Many gardeners claim that this is the best eggplant variety for the middle lane, delighting with large purple-black fruits (weighing 700 - 900 grams). Fruit pulp is tender, tasty, without bitterness.

Banana

By planting an eggplant Banana in the open field, you can count on an ultra-short ripening period for the fruits of the culture (about 90 days). The yield of the variety is 4 kg / sq. The fruits of the Banana variety are perfectly stored without losing their presentation and taste. With its shape, Banana eggplants resemble exotic fruits, due to this, the variety got its name. The length of ripe fruits is 20 - 25 cm. The transshipment method is suitable for planting seedlings in open ground.

Bagheera

The mid-season Bagheera eggplant is a tall, compact plant, reaching a height of 1.3 m. The dark purple fruits of the culture are long (up to 20 cm), thin (5 - 7 cm in diameter), weighing 250 - 350 grams. Small areas, compact containers (tubs, barrels) are suitable for the growth and fruiting of the hybrid. The variety is considered to be high yielding and disease resistant. Plants need a garter to support them.

Temperature changes are contraindicated for the culture, therefore greenhouse cultivation is considered optimal for it.

hippopotamus

In film tunnels, glazed greenhouses, the mid-season eggplant Behemoth feels great, reaching a height of 0.7 - 2.5 m. The culture has a strong, thornless stem. The fruits of this mid-season hybrid, as they ripen, acquire a black color, pear-shaped, reach a length of 15 - 17 cm, gain weight 322 - 340 g. If the gardener manages to provide the crop with the best growing conditions, its yield will be up to 17.3 kg / sq.

Alekseevsky

Early ripe eggplant Alekseevsky has proven itself well in moderate climatic conditions. Varietal bushes are spreading, low (up to 70 cm), covered with medium-sized leaves. In central Russia, greenhouse cultivation (in film structures) is considered optimal for culture. The fruits of the variety have a cylindrical shape, weight 10 - 190 g, length up to 15 cm. Among the advantages of the variety, it is worth highlighting: high yield rates, regular, uniform shape, excellent taste of fruits.

Baloo

Breeders have developed the Balu variety specifically for planting in harsh climates. It is quite possible to grow Balu eggplant in the open field on a plot located in the Siberian region. This mid-early variety is easy to recognize due to the peculiar appearance of its fruits, weighing 160-200 grams, having a pear-shaped, bright lilac-raspberry color. There are very few seeds in the fruit pulp, it is devoid of bitterness. The skin of the fruit is thin, so waste from vegetable processing is minimal.

Mushroom pleasure

Mid-season eggplant Mushroom pleasure got its name from its characteristic aroma. Description of the variety: the bushes of the plant are low (up to 65 cm tall), do not need a garter to the supports. The sizes of varietal fruits are small, their weight is 140 - 250 grams. The color of the fruit is dark purple, almost black. Since temperature changes are contraindicated for plants, it is best to grow them in greenhouses, under film shelters.

Bovine forehead

Late-ripening eggplant Bull's forehead is a high-yielding variety suitable for protected, open ground. Due to its unpretentiousness, the crop demonstrates good yields in Siberia and the Middle lane. Varietal fruits are large in size, significant in weight (up to 1 kg), their technical, taste qualities are impeccable. The fruits of this variety are perfectly stored, transported, suitable for universal use.

Bomb carrier

Choosing a Bombovoz eggplant for planting, the gardener will not be mistaken. It has the following description: this early-ripening variety is characterized by an excellent yield of 7.5 - 8 kg / sq. Varietal bushes are compact, grow to a height of 80 cm, have the ability to set a large number of fruits, withstand a significant yield load. Ripe fruits of the culture have an ellipsoidal shape, length 16 cm, diameter 9 cm, weight 200 - 350 g. The color of the fruit is dark purple, the delicate flesh is whitish.

Features of agricultural technology

Gardeners who have chosen eggplant varieties for the middle lane mainly use the seedling method. Seeds are pre-grown for seedlings at home in small containers (for example, in plastic cups). You can learn how to prepare eggplant seeds for seedlings.

The growing season of the crop is quite long. Seed germination can take up to two weeks. Experienced summer residents are engaged in hardening seedlings (for two weeks before diving into the soil), carrying out their periodic removal to the street.

An indispensable condition is the preparation of the soil of a greenhouse, an open bed. For this purpose, it is heated using mulch and specialized additives. The introduction of ash, sand, peat, and other components present in the seedling cups into the soil has proven itself well. This will ensure a painless adaptation of the shoots after transplantation to new conditions.

Since eggplants are characterized by increased demands on the microclimate, the growing environment, plants need watering, but excessively high air humidity is contraindicated.

Culture needs warmth, good ventilation. As a result, the bushes in greenhouse conditions need to be regularly ventilated.

If the eggplants are planted outdoors, they will need to provide effective protection. For this, artificial screens, tall plants are suitable. A low-growing crop planted in an open area can be sheltered in the form of a polyethylene film.

Actively growing bushes are pinched so that 6 - 8 ovaries remain on them. Such manipulations contribute to the timely formation, rapid ripening of fruits. Regular feeding will be the key to the future abundant fruiting of plants, especially those in need of nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

When harvesting, you should remove the fruits, the skin of which has acquired a characteristic color, indicating ripeness. Due to the regular collection of ripe vegetables, conditions are created for the ripening of young fruits. The gardener can harvest the seeds of a well-proven variety, leaving a couple of fruits on the bush to achieve their final biological ripeness.

Having studied the fruitful varieties of eggplant for central Russia, agricultural techniques, it is worth applying the knowledge gained in practice. Competently approaching the issues of growing crops, you can count on getting delicious vegetables for seasonal consumption, winter harvesting. As you gain experience, it is quite possible to put the business on a commercial basis and count on a decent profit from the sale of high-quality varietal eggplants.

The blockade on the import of agricultural products from European countries allowed the citizens of our country to pay close attention to the cultivation of such a useful vegetable as eggplant. This vegetable is rich in trace elements, vitamins, fiber, and also low in calories, so it is included in the diet of those people who lead an active and healthy lifestyle. There are various varieties of eggplant for open ground in the world. , bred by Russian and foreign breeders, and every year this list is replenished.

The shapes of vegetables vary - from the usual pear-shaped to an elongated cylindrical or oval. Colors and shades also vary depending on the variety - from purple to striped, white or red. But, the culinary use of eggplant remains the same - for the preparation of second courses and preparations for the winter. If someone does not know what it is: a vegetable or a berry, we explain that this is a vegetable from the nightshade family, the fruits of which are called "berry". Eggplant is a perennial plant, not an annual one, as Russians mistakenly believe. But since the seeds of the best varieties of eggplant for open ground can be safely bought in the store, there is no need to grow the plant for several years to obtain planting material.

Early varieties of eggplant.

King of the North F1 - hybrid, cold resistant. The growing season lasts from 95 to 100 days. Fruits are cylindrical in shape, elongated 25-30 cm in length. The color is dark purple. Eggplant King of the North gives a good harvest - from one square meter of soil can be harvested from 12 to 15 kg of vegetables.
Robin the Hood- early ripening fruitful variety. Plant height 1.5 meters, the growing season lasts from 95 to 105 days. Berries are medium-sized up to 14 cm in length, weight reaches 250-350 grams. Productivity - from 13 to 19 kg per square meter of open ground.
Roma F1 is a hybrid of early fruiting. The plant is tall, strong, with a lot of leaves. Eggplant fruits are pear-shaped, elongated, the length of which reaches 20 cm, weight - 220 g. The skin is smooth, darkish purple in color, the middle is light, without bitterness. Fruiting in the garden throughout the growing season.
Banana- early ripening variety, only 105 days. The bushes are undersized, the fruits are elongated, dark purple in color, reaching lengths of up to 30 cm, the diameter is 3 cm. The yield is 4 kg per square meter of open ground.
Purple miracle- a productive variety, berries ripen 100 days from planting. Eggplants have an elongated cylindrical silhouette, the skin is shiny, dark purple. The inside is greenish-white, has no bitterness. Small fruits - 100-120 gr. weight. The yield is high - up to 14 kg from each square. meter of soil.
Bourgeois F1 - hybrid of early ripening: 100-105 days. Fruits are flat-round, large, weighing 500 grams. The skin is glossy, purple-black, the flesh has a delicate, white tint. The hybrid has a long fruiting period.
Korean dwarf- An unpretentious variety for cultivation, the first harvest ripens 70 days after planting. The bush is not high - only 45 cm. The berries are pear-shaped, the skin is dark-purple in color, the flesh is light, tender, without bitterness. Fruits reach 500 gr. weight.
Fabina F1 - hybrid, early maturing - the first harvest is harvested 80 days after transplanting. Plant height 50-60 cm, 7-10 eggplants are formed on each. The berry is an elongated cylinder 20-25 cm, the peel is dark purple, shiny. The inside is dense, pale green, has no bitterness. The hybrid is resistant to the disease "verticillium wilt" and to spider mites.
Gardener's dream- an early ripening variety for unprotected soil, from planting to harvesting the first harvest only 95 days pass. The plant grows to a height of 80 cm. The berries have a cylindrical even shape, weight - 130-170 grams. The peel is smooth, glossy, dark purple in color. The pulp is white, dense, without bitterness. The value of the variety is that it is stored for a long time, is well transported and resistant to late blight and anthracnose.
Valentine- a variety with good taste, has an elongated cylindrical berry of black-purple color, with dimensions - 25 cm in length and 5 in diameter. Excellent fruiting and very high resistance to viral mosaic disease are noted.
Faith - refers to early maturing varieties, ripens 110 days after planting, the bush has a height of 70-75 cm. Berries are pear-shaped, purple in color. The pulp is tender, has a pale yellow color. The weight of one eggplant can reach 200 grams, the yield per square meter of soil is 9 kg.
Prince- a high-yielding variety of eggplant for open ground, unpretentious in cultivation, reaches ripeness 90 days after planting. The vegetable has a dark purple color of the skin, reaches a length of 30 cm and a diameter of 8. The weight of each eggplant ranges from 160 to 185 grams. The middle is loose, has no bitterness.
Black brilliant- ripens 100 days after transplanting, the bush is undersized - 60 cm high. The berries have a black-violet skin color, glossy, cylindrical, large, reach a mass of 250 grams. the pulp is white, the consistency is tender, it has no bitterness.
Epic F1 is an open field eggplant hybrid, high yielding. The fruits are in the shape of a drop, the average length of which reaches 20 cm. The peel has a dark purple hue turning into black. Eggplant Epic is very resistant to diseases such as "tobacco mosaic".
Nutcracker- record holder of ripeness - after 45 days from planting, you can taste the first harvest. The fruits are teardrop-shaped, dark purple in color, each weighing up to 250 grams, length 14 cm. Also suitable for climatic conditions for the northwest.
Black handsome- very early maturing variety for open ground, ripens 78 days from planting. The bush is undersized - only 50-60 cm in height, the fruits have the shape of a regular cylinder of brown-violet color, the weight of each is 220-260 g. Eggplant Black handsome yields on average 8 kg. from 1 meter of square open ground.
Japanese dwarf- high-yielding variety for open ground, undersized bush, grows up to 1/2 meter. The berry is pear-shaped, 18-20 cm long, weighing up to 300 grams. The peel has a bright purple color, the inside is soft cream, without bitterness.
Anet- a very early ripening hybrid, high-yielding, with a long fruiting period (70 days after planting the seedlings in the garden, you can harvest the first crop). Vegetable berries are dark purple in color, elongated-cylindrical, the weight of one can reach 400 grams.

Eggplants take root best in a garden bed in the open field if seedlings are grown from seeds, which should be hardened and dived and only then planted in the garden.

Mid-season varieties.

Eggplant varieties that require at least 130-150 days of growing and care to get the first harvest from the day of planting seedlings in the garden. Mid-season varieties, although they have a longer ripening period, they more firmly tolerate even very hot weather and untimely watering.

Props should be placed on especially fruitful bushes - you will be sure that the bush will not break under the weight of the grown crop.

For greenhouses

Many varieties of these vegetables are not very adapted to growing for open ground in central Russia, so it is better to plant them in greenhouses or greenhouses. The lack of such vegetables is that they are more capricious and require more careful care. But such plants give a greater yield.

Multicolored varieties

Another novelty in breeding work is the unusual peel colors of eggplants: green-fruited, white-fruited or red-fruited. Each of them has its own characteristics and taste, but the essence is always the same - eggplant, a vegetable for preparing main courses, snacks and preparations.

Bibo F1 - has a shiny white, smooth skin, fruits weigh 450-520 grams. the pulp is tasty, dense, white. Very early, resistant to diseases and cold temperatures, high-yielding - up to 15 vegetables of the same size can be harvested from a bush.

For open ground, each gardener will choose the eggplant variety they like based on their own requests. The best ones for open ground are those that give the highest yield and do not require a lot of time and effort. Plants that tolerate frost and heat, and are also resistant to diseases and various pests of the garden are also appreciated.

The middle zone of Russia is distinguished by a temperate climate, cool summers, and the absence of strong winds. In summer and autumn, there is a large amount of precipitation, spring is early, but with possible frosts, it often rains. Compared to the southern regions, there are not enough sunny days for eggplants, but recently their number has increased and this crop can be grown without greenhouses.

Under the conditions of such a growing season, it is not difficult to grow a large yield of eggplants, but the choice of plant varieties should be approached with special care, despite the fact that eggplants grow well in this area, bear abundant fruit and in general it is not a problem to grow them. However, this is subject to proper cultivation and timely care. In order for the harvest to please with large fruits, high yields, you need to select early ripening varieties that are distinguished by high fruiting, varieties that are maximally resistant to various kinds of infectious diseases, bacterial type. Many people prefer hybrids for these purposes.

The best varieties of eggplant

Eggplant varieties "Boomer", "Clorinda" are suitable for growing in greenhouse conditions and in open ground. Nevertheless, open field conditions are most favorable, so the plants are less sick, grow strong and healthy. Suitable multi-colored representatives of this culture varieties "Ten", "Ogonyok". The early ripening plant called "Krasnogolovik" yields very quickly, the variety has become ideal for growing in greenhouse conditions due to its small bush. Small fruits can be obtained from early ripening "Robin Hood", "Czech Early".

It is appropriate to be engaged in the cultivation of "Black Beauty". If the summer turns out to be especially sunny, then in open ground conditions the harvest will be simply delightful, although such a representative can well be grown in greenhouses. The fruits are large, tasty, there is no bitterness. The fruits of this variety are ideal for long-term storage.

Vegetable growers distinguish eggplant "Almaz" as one of the best varieties capable of bearing high fruit in almost any climate. Long fruits, sometimes growing up to 20 cm, will delight you with their taste and lack of bitterness. The same can be said about the "Albatross", in this case the fruits are gaining weight almost half a kilogram! The bushes themselves are low, strong.

Hybrid varieties

In the climatic conditions of central Russia, it is customary to grow various hybrid varieties of eggplants, for example, "Epic F1". Already 60 days after planting, early ripening will begin to bear fruit. Drop-shaped fruits of black-purple hue will surprise you with their amazing taste. Such eggplants are suitable both for canning and for cooking hot dishes. When growing, there are no problems, since the hybrid is maximally resistant to diseases and pest attacks. The yield is high.

"Violet Miracle" has small cylindrical fruits, but very tasty. Also grown are "Vikar", "Iceberg", "Golden Eggs", "Banana", "Fat Barin", "White Egg", "Black Beauty", "Black Moon", "Swan", "Pelican", "Ping-Pong" ".

You can plant "Chinese Green", "Red Ruffled". Such varieties are distinguished by the unusual color of the fruits, which makes them a real highlight in homemade preparations. The same can be noted about the variety "Matrosik", "Rose Binka", "Pink Flamingo", "Othello", "Japanese Red", "Orange", "Turkish", "Nautilus". In central Russia, "Solara", "Donskoy", "Arap", "Maria", "Donetsk yielding", "Valentina", "Barbentane", "Epik", "Delikates" are grown.

Many varieties of eggplant can be successfully grown in the middle zone of our homeland. Only when growing, you need to take into account some features, so to speak, the preferences of a particular variety. Namely, what kind of soil it prefers, how many times it is desirable to water it in greenhouse conditions and in open ground conditions, next to which crops the growth of eggplant will be as favorable as possible and other trifles. Depending on the composition of the soil, you need to periodically apply the necessary fertilizers, if necessary, treat plant bushes and roots with drugs that allow you to protect the culture from diseases and pests.

After the blockade was imposed on most products from European countries, the inhabitants of our state began to pay more attention to their own growing of vegetables. Eggplant has become very popular. They are rich in trace elements, fiber and vitamins.

Besides low-calorie product, and therefore it is included in the diet of everyone who leads an active lifestyle. Many varieties of culture are known in the world, and the best varieties of eggplant for open ground are collected in one list, which is replenished with new species.

This plant is perennial, but since seeds are on sale all the time, there is no need to grow them for breeding planting material.

Care features

A vegetable of the nightshade family varies in shape, color and taste. In cooking it used for the preparation of second courses and preparations for the winter.

Sowing time

If there is a heated greenhouse, everything is clear, otherwise it is required to calculate in advance the time when the weather will be without frost... The most optimal age for seedlings is 60–70 days. Thus, when planting in open ground, for example, from June 10, it is necessary to sow seeds in the second half of March.

Seed treatment

Last year's seeds are considered the best. They should be warmed up at a temperature of + 250 C for about four hours, and then not 40 minutes, the temperature rises to +400 C. Then, the planting material is treated with a manganese solution, washed with water and sent to the solution from stimulants (aloe mummy or special means).

In order to activate the seeds before sowing, they should be laid out on cheesecloth moistened with water and left for a couple of days. Sowing timing depends on the variety.

The soil

Eggplant - very demanding culture... The soil must be nutritious and breathable. Mineral fertilizers (potash, superforsate, saltpeter), manure and compost should be added to it. On poor soil, the plant will develop very slowly. It should be remembered that this culture is too sensitive to the disease "black leg", and therefore, before sowing, the earth is watered with boiling water, disinfected or ignited on a baking sheet.

Eggplant

Growing seedlings

You can sow eggplants in special pots. This is will avoid injury to the root system during transplantation... After the emergence of shoots, the strongest shoot is left, and the rest are removed. When planning to carry out a pick, you can sow first in a common box, and then distribute the seedlings in other containers.

Transplant to open ground

In the garden you should find a site on a hill which is well lit. Even in excellent soil, sand with humus is first introduced in order to saturate the soil with nutrients and lighten it. 2 hours before planting, the seedlings are watered abundantly, and then they are vertically placed in the furrow and sprinkled with earth. The distance between the bushes should be at least 40 cm. They need to be watered with warm water for the culture to take root better.

Early varieties of eggplant

For residents of central Russia for planting in open ground it is worth choosing a culture of early maturing varieties, frost-resistant and immune to diseases of the nightshade family.

Mid-season eggplant varieties

This kind of culture the first harvest gives 130 - 150 days after sowing. Mid-season eggplants, a description of which we will present below, ripen longer, however, they more persistently tolerate heat and untimely watering.

Good varieties of colorful eggplants

Recently white eggplant, photos of which he eats on the Internet, were considered exotic for us. Gradually, they became popular among gardeners due to their delicate consistency and amazing taste. The white variety is not bitter, but tastes like chicken or mushrooms, which has earned rave reviews.

The following albino eggplants received the most common species in Russia: Iceberg, Swan, Ping-Pong, White Egg, Pelican, Bibo.

Green varieties

Small round fruits of bright green color are quite popular in the countries of Southeast Asia. Domestic breeders too bred good green species... For example, "Green" eggplant produces pear-shaped fruits weighing up to 300g. In such fruits, the pulp is not bitter and is colored white with a slightly green tint.

"Emerald" - early ripening variety cultivated both under the film and in the garden. Large bushes are unpretentious and resistant to cold weather. Fruits of a cylindrical elongated shape can weigh up to 400 g, and their pulp of medium density is colored creamy white. Eggplant delights with high yield.

Yellow, orange and red

These types of eggplant are almost impossible to find in our gardens.

Interesting view of "Golden Eggs"- an amazing variety with oval-shaped fruits bred by breeders from Holland. The pulp is enriched with carotene, and the rest of the characteristics of the culture are similar to other species.

Miniature Turkish Eggplant differ in that their orange striped color appears during ripening. The young fruit is green and has a rich aroma, however, as the color grows, they begin to taste bitter. The fruits of this eggplant variety contain lycopene, which is used in the fight against cancer.

Red varieties resemble tomatoes or small pumpkins. Mostly these eggplants are grown for decorative purposes, as the plant forms a large, spreading bush. The foliage and trunk are covered with thorns and painted in purple or burgundy. The eggplant fruit is edible, but in adulthood, most varieties begin to taste bitter.

The main nuances important for eggplant

The soil is constantly loosened to prevent compaction.
Watering should be abundant, and the water for this is pre-heated in the sun.
During the season, eggplant bushes are fed three times. For this, it is better to use slurry and manure or chicken droppings.
Weeds always weed and make sure that there are no diseases on the plant.
Bushes should be tied up and tied up.
Above the garden bed, it is worth making a film arc in order to stretch the film over the plants at night. This will prevent hypothermia.

Gardeners' opinions

I have been working in the garden for a long time, but I could not decide to plant an eggplant. Finally I chose the early ripe species "King of the North", studied its characteristics and set to work. Believe it or not, after a long and careful care, I was able to reap an unprecedented harvest! My husband and I ate plenty of fresh fruit, and we were also able to preserve it!
Andrey Petrovich

Olga Ivanovna

For a long time I heard that there are multi-colored eggplants, and now I decided to try to breed them in my area. It turned out that this is not difficult if you follow all the requirements for care and fulfill them on time. I acquired three different colors, and therefore my garden turned out to be cheerful and unusual when all the fruits are ripe. The taste of these fruits is no different from ordinary ones, and the yield is high.