Wooden staircase to the second floor in a private. Step-by-step instructions for making a wooden staircase yourself

In a house where there is more than one floor, one cannot do without a staircase. At the same time, it should be durable, functional, and, of course, attractive. A wooden staircase is appropriate in any style of interior, although, of course, it must resonate with the general interior idea. Wood, as a material, brings an atmosphere of comfort and sophistication to the atmosphere, and also has characteristics that are most suitable for residential premises. Alternative solution for a residential building, administrative or industrial premises, are concrete flights of stairs, which, after installation, are lined various materials, including wooden steps and balusters.

Wooden stairs are eco-friendly and allow for an endless number of variations. To preserve the structure and give the desired properties, the tree is subjected to special processing.

The design of stairs is now carried out using special computer programs that allow you to see the future product "in all its glory" in volumetric form even before construction.

What type of wood to choose?

The type of wood from which the staircase will be made, of course, affects the characteristics of the structure and its price. The most budget option includes stairs made of coniferous species. Their service life is the shortest, in addition, they need deresining.

Pine is most often used for country stairs or baths, but, depending on the model, a pine staircase can look very dignified, so that visually it will not be inferior to those made from more valuable species.

Oak adds luxury and elitism to the interior. Such stairs have the longest service life, resistance to destruction under the influence of various factors, hardness, therefore it is considered the most valuable, including with regards to price.

Processing oak is more difficult due to its structure, but today scientific and technological progress has solved this problem. Larch has some properties of oak, which is cheaper.

The beech staircase also has good characteristics, but requires constant temperature and humidity parameters. Birch is a more affordable and widespread material, besides, it is not so capricious to the conditions in the room. Ash is less common, surpasses oak in some respects, while its cost is much lower.

What should be the stairs?

Stair design should take into account building codes, which will exclude dangerous situations. AT two-story house stairs are usually single-span. The transforming staircase is acceptable only for the attic or basement floor.

The steps should not be narrow, and their number in one march is usually odd, their angle of inclination should be more than twenty degrees, and the difference in height should not exceed a centimeter. The entire staircase must be adequately illuminated.

Types of stair structures

Mid-flight stairs are the most structurally simple, suitable for any interior. They are recommended for such cases when there are children or elderly people in the family.

However, they require space, so they are not suitable for small rooms. But under such a design it is possible to equip an auxiliary room, for example, a pantry or dressing room.

Spiral staircases occupy less space, as they have a spiral design, which can be round, square, rectangular. In addition to saving space, curvature brings style to the design.

The goose step staircase also takes up little space and is most often auxiliary (for the attic and basement). Recommended in low rooms, and has different width steps, as well as their location relative to each other.

Photos of stairs will help you decide, but the visual component is just one of the factors that you need to consider when choosing the type of stairs.

Styles of stairs

A wooden staircase should organically fit in, match general style. The staircase in the "classic" style can be said to be universal in this sense. This type is characterized by rigor, symmetry, solidity.

In different variations, it can look completely different, for example, be minimalistic or neoclassical, with decor or be simple.

Victorian style is appropriate in terms of luxury, and has the appropriate decor. Most often they are made of oak.

The "rustic" staircase is simple, without frills, and more appropriate for country house, dachas. Brings an element of comfort into the general atmosphere.

The Art Nouveau staircase is an option that is perfect for many interior solutions, such as hi-tech, minimalism, loft. It includes a combination of wood, glass, metal and can have a lot of options that are radically different from each other, which allows you to fit into almost any style solution.

What to consider when buying finished version? In this case, do not in question about exclusivity, but such stairs will cost less. In most cases, the stairs are mounted in the corridor, hallway, living room.

Photo of wooden stairs

If the number of steps in the flight of stairs exceeds 18 pieces, it is recommended to make intermediate platforms.
Number of steps. Divide the length of the flight of stairs by the height of the step. The height of the step is the sum of the height of the riser (15-20 cm) and the thickness of the tread.

Important! Using steps with a tread width less than the width of the foot is not only inconvenient, but also not safe!

The length of the flight of stairs. For the calculation, you need to take the start and end points flight of stairs by floor level from the first to the second floor. Having height and width, according to the formula for calculating the hypotenuse right triangle, calculate the length of the flight of stairs. In this case, a safe tilt angle of 30° to 45° must be taken into account.
The height of the spans should correspond to the height of a person plus 20 cm, so as not to bend over and not be injured on the upper flight of stairs or the ceiling. Optimal Height between the steps and the ceiling is 2 meters. The calculation begins with measuring the height between floors and the dimensions of the stairwell.

Material for stairs

For the manufacture of stairs with their own hands, planed wood is selected, which does not have spikes, deformations, or surface irregularities. Dry the wood before starting work. To give it a deeper color, the surface is treated with stain. After that, several layers of waterproof varnish are applied to the wood.

High-quality wood for stairs should be of the first grade and have a moisture content of no more than 10%. It is not recommended to use material with a moisture content of more than 10% for the manufacture of stairs. When dry, the wood will warp and the stairs will creak. To make a ladder with your own hands, they use both budget varieties of wood (pine, birch, ash) and more expensive elite ones (oak, cedar, maple).

Characteristics of some types of wood:

Pine is a wood most often light gray in color. It has low strength and is easily damaged external influence. At high humidity may increase in size. It is in demand due to its low cost.
Birch - light wood, has a homogeneous structure. Demanded raw material due to low price.
Ash - characterized light color and specific fiber structure. The process of working with it is not difficult, it is a well-bent material, but the strength indicators are even higher than those of oak.
Oak is one of the hard varieties of light yellow color. It is generally accepted that products made from this tree are the most durable and strong, which is reflected in the price.
Maple - due to the lack of pores, it is highly durable. This grade does not absorb moisture, as a result of which products from it can be placed outside buildings. Along with this, maple is very difficult to process.

Do-it-yourself installation of a single-flight wooden staircase

This method is considered a reference, since the installation procedure, regardless of the number of spans, is the same. The kit includes stringers, railings, treads, and risers. Treads and risers are called the horizontal and vertical parts of the steps, respectively. Kosour - the main bearing part, in which special grooves are cut for mounting steps.

Preparing the stair parts

Do-it-yourself staircase assembly

For installation of stringers in the upper part of the flight of stairs on the floor beam, it is necessary to make cuts for installation. Alternatively, instead of cuts, metal stops are used, which are attached to the vertical ceiling with anchor bolts.

In the floor of the lower floor, a support beam is mounted on the line of the lower step and locked with anchor bolts.

Installing steps is not difficult. It is necessary to apply a layer of glue on the cutouts in the stringers and attach the risers. Then the risers need to be aligned along the edges and secured with screws. Treads are laid on top of them. Do not be too lazy to use thin polymer strips in the form of tape. This simple secret will help to avoid friction of one wooden part against another, thus preventing unpleasant creaking during operation. The steps are fixed on the risers and stringers.

Advice! To make it more convenient to work, the installation of steps must begin from the bottom of the march.

When installing balusters with your own hands, you must maintain one level. To do this, the upper and lower balusters are installed, the thread is pulled and all the rest are installed according to its level. Balusters are fastened with screws or self-tapping screws, which are subsequently closed with plugs or smeared with special grout. Handrails are mounted on balusters and fixed on them. At the same time, handrails can be made from any material, not just wood.

Finishing

The assembled ladder is polished again, giving Special attention butt joints and ends. After grinding, the staircase is covered with varnish, paint, wax mortar or other protective equipment. Each new layer is applied 2-3 times after the previous one has dried. Before painting, the wood can be given some kind of peculiar shade with the help of wood stain.

Do-it-yourself spiral staircase to the second floor, installation features

Spiral staircases are more beautiful, but their manufacture and installation are more difficult than marching ones. As a rule, screw structures are installed in places with limited space, where it is simply impossible to install a mid-flight ladder.

When calculating the heights and the number of steps, it must be taken into account that there must always be a clearance of at least 200 mm above the head, and when designing, the height of the people living in the house must be taken into account. To avoid discomfort, the vertical distance between the rows of steps should be about 2 meters. The width of the flight of stairs is about 0.8 meters. Regardless of the type of stairs, this optimal dimensions that provide comfortable travel.

The most convenient tread depth at the support is from 15 cm, at the end of the step at least 35 cm. The average height of the riser is about 20 cm (if any). It is often recommended to abandon the risers on spiral staircases. This has a number of significant advantages:

there is an opinion that without them the rise is more convenient;
the weight of the entire structure is significantly reduced;
saving money on materials.

Handrail for spiral staircase

Wooden stairs to the second floor are equipped with railings made of glued wood. They take shape easily. spiral staircase if they are thoroughly soaked in hot water, hold in the shape that they should have, and let dry.

Bending wood with subsequent fixation is a rather troublesome process and requires certain skills.

We make curved railings:

Curved railing processing:

It is considered normal to consider the height of the railing about 1 meter. They are attached to balusters, the height of which is selected individually for each specific project. Not every craftsman has access to a woodworking machine, so if you want to have turned balusters, you can just go to the nearest hardware store to get them. They are inexpensive.

With all this, it must be remembered that spiral staircases to the second floor have limited functionality, since it is almost impossible to transport furniture and bulky materials along them. It cannot be used by 2 people walking in different directions at the same time. But in any case, a handmade staircase is a kind of achievement and pride.

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkiv State Academy Cultures, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

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Spiral staircase

The spiral staircase has a special charm, it is best combined with styles such as Empire, Art Nouveau or Rococo. Railings are made to the taste of the owner, lace was used earlier, but although they look like from a fairy tale, they are not very popular in our time. Screw version stairs are considered dangerous for children and senior citizens, as the edge of the stairs is very narrow and there is a risk of injury. In the center of the stairs there is a support, which is a pipe made of wood or metal, and the advantage lies in the fact that installed ladder occupies a minimum of space.

As for the steps for such a ladder, it all depends on how safe they are to make. Ideally, the central part of the step should be about 25 cm wide, while at the widest point it should not be more than 40 centimeters. If the opening is minimal, then the steps are as steep as possible, and this is not very convenient for the elderly and small children. AT recent times the spiral model is not popular, it is used only as an auxiliary one, for going down to the basement or going to the roof. Sometimes this type of staircase is used to create a non-standard lift to the attic.

DIY calculations

Often, classic marching climbs are used in houses. They can have any type of feature, but this is where designers provide the most choice. In addition, it should be noted that such stairs are the safest and can fit perfectly into any interior. This type stairs are used in spacious dwellings, for calculations it is necessary to know the height of the ceilings and the length of the used floor area. The optimal angle would be a slope of 45 degrees.

The design of the stairs should contain no more than 15 steps, ideally 10-11. If there are more steps, then platforms are made between them, the size of which is the same as the march. A marching staircase can be open and closed type, it can also have risers, or be without them.

Stairs marching type can be straight, curved and rotary. The latter option takes up a small area compared to a straight staircase. It is best to install a rotary mid-flight staircase near the wall, and place a storage room under it.

Bolza and railing

Bolza is special mounts that are installed along the wall. The steps of this model are bolted to the wall. This option is the most fashionable and popular, often used in modern style homes. The advantage lies in their visual lightness and airiness, they do not block the access of natural light to all corners of the room. Styles where it is applied: loft, minimalism, constructivism. When the steps are narrow, then for safety it is necessary to use fences, but if the steps are safe and very wide, then it is possible without a fence at all. This option will be very interesting and airy.

Railing - a static railing of a flight of stairs, protects a climbing person from falling during descent or ascent. Also, the railing can be actively used by the elderly in order to lean on them during the descent or ascent.

The railing consists of the following elements:

Balusters - an element for fastening handrails. If they are load-bearing, then they are used not only for aesthetics, but also for practicality.
Handrails - fastened to balusters or a wall, can be installed on one or both sides. Elderly people use them as a support for descent and ascent.
Fencing filler - Based on the name, it is clear that they fill the free space. The main purpose is decorative, but it is necessary if there are children in the family. The height of the railing must be at least 90 centimeters.

wooden stairs

A wooden structure is best used in houses made in the style of a Russian hut, country or Provence. For stairs, not only expensive oak species can be used, but also the simplest wood. Optimal Materials: ash, maple, walnut and beech. Pine is distinguished by its affordability, but it is better not to use it, as it is a soft wood species, which is very sensitive to external influences.

The decoration of the stairs should harmoniously fit into the interior and style of decoration. It is better to replace an expensive tree with a pear, cherry or larch, this is a more economical option, in addition, they are more moisture resistant.

metal ladder

The main advantage of the ladder is its long service life - 30-50 years. Stainless steel is often used because it does not corrode. Chrome-plated steel looks more interesting, but its service life is only 5 years. It is better not to use aluminum or brass at all, as these materials are soft and change their color over time.

A metal staircase is ideal for a high-tech home. It is advisable to use a bolt with this staircase, this will allow you not to load the space visually.

Concrete

This material is very reliable and durable, it is best to make direct mid-flight stairs from concrete. As a finish, the staircase can be combined with wood. It is best to give preference to quartzite or granite. These stairs will not create lightness, but they will look solid. Also among the advantages, in addition to durability, it should be noted ease of maintenance and use, low cost.

Glass

The choice of stairs made of glass must be approached carefully and thoroughly. The material used is laminated thick or tempered glass. However, even such materials may be subject to mechanical damage and others external factors. Upon impact, chips may appear here, and the aesthetic charm will be lost. Glass stairs are not applicable in homes where there are children. Acrylic glass more durable, but it quickly darkens. In general, any glass construction is not durable.

Staircase to the second floor in a wooden house: design options in the photo

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What stairs to build to the second floor? This question is asked by almost every owner of a private house. The main selection criteria are safety and ease of use of the design. It is also important that the moment how organically it fits into the interior. Therefore, the design of the stairs in wooden house does not go by the wayside when drafting a project.

Stair design options

There are several types of wooden stair structures:

Marching structures are the most commonly used staircase structures. There are several subspecies of stairs:

on stringers;
on bowstrings;
on the pains.

Stairs on stringers

Stringers are called load-bearing beams at an angle, on which steps, fences are attached. Fastening methods are different and depend on the number of beams. Based on the properties of the design and shape, they are straight, broken, involute.

Structures on stringers have the following advantages over other types of stairs:

high level of security;
universal appearance, thanks to which they will look good as usual log house, and in an elite cottage.
the presence of a large selection of sizes, decor;
the choice of using risers.

String structures are also attractive because, based on the traditional model, you can create beautiful wooden stairs along custom order. For example, structures can be lightened with glass railings or transparent plastic handrails.

Transparent railings create a feeling of lightness and airiness

Stairs on bowstrings

The basis of the design is lateral load-bearing beams with grooves into which steps are inserted. For the manufacture of this type of stairs, wood is often taken, although plastic models have recently begun to appear on the market.

Ladders on bowstrings are installed, as a rule, in small country houses. Among the positive aspects of such structures are the following:

the possibility of replacing individual structural elements;
simple installation;
safety, high strength;
a wide choice of staircase shapes: spiral, L-shaped, rounded or straight;
the possibility of implementing various design solutions: arrangement of balusters in a free form, the presence or absence of risers.

The disadvantages of the construction on bowstrings are high-precision calculations and experience in the performance of work. Errors in the design or unreliable fastenings will adversely affect the safety of the object. The discrepancies of the supporting beams, the loss of steps from the grooves is fraught with serious injury.

Bolts are strong metal supports fixed with bolts. The design is uncomplicated, reliable, durable. Because bearing beam fastened to the ceiling, wall or floor with metal rods, structures can withstand a very large load.

Stairs on the rails are good because they can be dismantled, repaired or reconstructed at any time. For such structures, open and closed steps are suitable. They can be of any shape, size.

Beautiful stairs on the rails in a wooden house give the interior airiness and lightness due to the lack of a pronounced load-bearing element. And the free area under them can be used rationally. For example, make a small library there by installing 2-3 shelves of books.

Spiral stairs

Buildings of this type are perfect for lovers original interior, as well as owners of premises with a limited number of usable square meters.

A spiral structure is formed by: a support column, steps, fences, railings. The shape of the stairs are very diverse: from round to 8-coal.

The frame of the screw structure is made in most cases from metal. However, there are often models made only of wood. Strength, durability - the main advantages of spiral staircases. However, such structures are not recommended for installation in homes where there are children and elderly people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Materials for the manufacture of stairs

In the production of stair structures use:

wood;
concrete;
glass;
metal;
a rock;
plywood;
combination of materials.

Are in great demand metal constructions. They are considered environmentally friendly, reliable, durable, affordable. Often practice a combination of these materials with glass, stone, plastic. This allows you to bring designs closer to the style of the interior.

Combination of metal frame and steps made of wood

Wooden staircase in modern style It is made from such tree species as pine, oak, beech, fir, larch, birch. Such designs can be complemented by metal railings decorated with forging.

Wrought iron railings fundamentally change the overall perception

A stone structure also looks no less impressive and is characterized by a long service life. However, its installation requires a high-strength base, as stone is a heavy material.

The stone is quite heavy, so for the construction of this material it is necessary solid foundation concrete

From natural stone they often make steps or risers, and all other elements are made of artificial, which greatly facilitates the design. An unnatural stone is inferior to a natural stone in its characteristics, but in terms of appearance little different from it.

Stone staircases with forging look especially beautiful and rich. interesting view create steps from raw stone in combination with railings from twisted branches.

Untreated stone steps give the interior the atmosphere of an ancient castle

Concrete is considered the most budget finishing material for stairs. Despite its strength and safety, it is not distinguished by its durability.

For high-tech, pop art, loft styles, stair structures with glass steps are suitable. They are made of high-strength tempered glass, so you can safely walk on them.

Designs with glass steps fit perfectly into the high-tech style

Popular stair styles

Currently, there are many options for styles of staircase designs. Their number is constantly changing, as design elements are improved, supplemented, while forming a completely new style.

However, it is customary to single out several of the most famous approaches:

Color solutions

Stair structures should be made in a color that is in harmony with the interior. Today there is a wide range of shades to choose from. The most requested are:

Stair structures can also be two-color. For example, a building that combines white and black colors looks beautiful and rich.

Railing Options

The railing is constituent elements ladder structures that perform the following functions:

serve for convenient, safe ascent and descent;
act as decoration.

The design of the railing includes handrails, balusters. A handrail is a plank that runs along the flight of stairs. A baluster is an element that performs the function of supporting a handrail.

On construction market a wide selection of railings. They come in different models:

The choice of one or another version of the railing depends on the style of the interior and the taste preferences of the owner of the house.

Stair lighting

Lighting ladder construction used for safe movement on it and for decoration. By choosing one or another type of lighting, you can create the right atmosphere in the house.

Illumination of the steps on the ladder contributes to the safe movement along it in the dark.

Practical and aesthetic use of the space under the stairs

The free space formed under the stairs can be used to good use:

Rationally use not only the place under the stairs, but also between the steps. Under them create special boxes for storing things: shoes, magazines, newspapers. It is not worth overloading the stairs with things too much, as this can lead to the destruction of the structure.

The stair space between the marches is filled soft seats and use this area to read their favorite book or evening gatherings with loved ones.

Stairs with original design - photo

Sometimes designers are so addicted to their ideas that they create from decorative wooden stairs real works of art, from which it is impossible to take your eyes off.

on 06.09.2018 7,036 Views

The staircase is of great functional importance - it connects several floors

The trend towards the construction of two-story cottages is due to two factors: the desire to increase living space and save free space land plot. And then the wooden stairs in a private house become important element project. They act as a functional link between the floors and require a competent approach to their arrangement.

Technical requirements
Design nuances
Classification
Material and style

An original functional solution - one of the steps of the stairs smoothly flows into the desk

Technical requirements for a wooden staircase to the second floor

Even the most elegant and stylish wooden staircase to the second floor must comply with the standards and technical requirements applied to its construction. First of all, it must be durable, comfortable and safe. In terms of functionality, the staircase must meet three conditions: constructiveness, decorativeness and utility. This means that the stepped structure fits perfectly into the interior of the house, does not clutter up the space and is comfortable to use.

High railings make stairs safer

Graceful spiral staircase

If we turn to the numerical values included in regulatory requirements, then they specify the value individual elements wooden stairs - the width of the opening, the height and width of the steps. Here is the minimum for each element that is not recommended to go beyond:

opening width - at least 1 meter;
the height of the steps is not less than 12 cm;
step width - at least 25 cm;

Inside flights of stairs there is a large bookcase with books - functional and unusual

Spectacular staircase in a modern style

The size of the area between floors should be at least 1 sq. m. The height of the railing is measured not lower than the level of the hips of a person of average height.

These are optimal convenient sizes, which should be followed when constructing any kind of stairs.

When designing a staircase, pay maximum attention to its ergonomic dimensions.

More comfortable for climbing will be a staircase, divided into several small marches

Spectacular wooden spiral staircase design

TOP 10 wooden stairs to the second floor (photo, price)

Model
Specifications
Stairs made of needles LS-92

Ladder height: 2475 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 1800 x 830 mm
Plan dimensions: 1850 x 1030 mm
March width: 720 mm
Material: needles
March angle: 45°
Number of steps: 11 pcs
Number of lifting steps: 12
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height: 225mm

Stairs made of needles LS-01U

Height from the floor of the lower floor to the floor of the upper floor: 2700 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 1640 x 900 mm
Plan dimensions: 1650 x 1390 mm
Possible turn: right, left
March width: 730 mm
Material: needles
March angle: 37°
Number of steps: 13 pcs
Number of lifting steps: 14
Step width: 260 mm
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height:193mm

Stairs made of needles LS-10U

Height from the floor of the lower floor to the floor of the upper floor: 2920 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 1900 x 850 mm
Plan dimensions: 2380 x 830 mm
March width: 830 mm
Material: needles
March angle: 53°
Number of steps: 12 pcs
Number of lifting steps: 13
Step width: 170 mm
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height: 225mm
Fencing can be installed on any side

Stairs made of needles Prestige LP-11

Height from the floor of the lower floor to the floor of the upper floor: 3200 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 1800 x 970 mm
Plan dimensions: 2790 x 1000 mm
March width: 810 mm
Material: needles
March angle: 50°
Number of steps: 15 pcs
Number of lifting steps: 16
Step width: 210 mm
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height: 200mm

Pine ladder K-002M/3

Ladder height: 2925 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 2920 x 1560 mm
Plan dimensions: 2050 x 2920 mm
Possible turn: right, left
Material: pine
March inclination angle 42°
Number of steps: 15 pcs
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height: 195mm

Pine stairs K-033M

Height from the floor of the lower floor to the floor of the upper floor: 3120 mm
Ladder height: 2925 mm
Minimum opening of the 2nd floor: 1820 x 1820 mm
Plan dimensions: 2050 x 1800 mm
Possible turn: right, left
Material: pine
March width: 950 mm
March inclination angle 42°
Number of steps: 15 pcs
Step thickness: 40 mm
Step Height: 195mm

Staircase Prestige reversal

Step height standard: 190-225 mm
Step width: 300 mm
March width: 900 mm
Step material: pine/beech
Fencing material: beech, metal
Material: pine
Step thickness: 40 mm

Ladder Solo reversal

Step height standard: 180-230 mm
Step width: 300 mm
March width: 900-1000 mm
Step material: pine/beech/oak
Version: without mounting/with mounting
Fencing material: standard balusters d 25mm, beech handrail d 50mm, forged balusters (optional)
Material: pine
Step thickness: 40 mm

Ladder "SuperElegant" straight

Step width: 300 mm
Step material: beech/oak
Version: without mounting/with mounting
Color: optional
Material: pine
Step thickness: 40 mm

Ladder "SuperElegant" rotary

Step height standard: 180 mm (possible step height from 140 to 230 mm)
Step width: 300 mm
Step material: beech/oak
Version: without mounting/with mounting
Fencing material: standard (metal balusters, beech handrail), forged balusters (optional)
Color: optional
Material: pine
Step thickness: 40 mm

A small staircase in a pastel interior

Stylish staircase in an eclectic atmosphere

Nuances of projects of stairs to the second floor

At the initial stage of designing a staircase with a turn, it is necessary to designate its location and determine the design. Since such a piece of furniture has a decent size, it is natural that it affects both the pattern of the room and the location of other details. You need to consider several important points.

Stairs with a turn are very practical

First, find a convenient location for the beginning and end of the stairs.
Secondly, to solve the issue of organically filling the free space under the stairs.
Thirdly, think about the lighting of flights of stairs.

Beautiful light wood staircase

When starting to calculate the stairs, the following values \u200b\u200bmust be taken into account:

the total height of the room, including the thickness of the floor;
opening width and plus its height between floors.

Interesting modern design

In addition, security requirements are taken into account. These include secure fencing and proper lighting, and standard angles of ascent and descent.

Attractive implementation made of dark wood

Sleek wooden staircase design

Interesting design idea

Types of stairs in a private house

Choosing the type of stairs, you need to rely on the dimensions of the room. For a private house, two design options are acceptable - mid-flight and screw.

marching stairs- This is a classic type of construction, ideally corresponding to the biomechanics of human movements. The structure is divided into marches set at an angle of 30-45 °. It can be angular or straight. The flight angle can be 90° (quarter of a turn) and 180° (half a turn). The size of the area between floors should be at least 1 sq. m.

Marching staircase with a platform between floors

The advantages of a mid-flight ladder include ease of manufacture and the highest level security. If we talk about the minuses, then this is a large consumption of materials and bulky design. Obviously, this type of staircase is suitable for spacious rooms.

Staircase with a contrasting color combination

Screw design stairs look spectacular, but it is difficult to build. She has no division into marches. A chain of steps is strung on one central support and connected to each other by a railing. Steps are usually wedge-shaped, with the narrow end attached to the beam.

Wide spiral staircase

In merit screw design- aesthetics, small dimensions and affordable price. The disadvantages include the labor-intensive process of construction and increased injury risk. However, this a good option for a limited area.

Spiral staircase as an art object

Important! The smaller the opening of the spiral staircase, the steeper the climb. Please note that not every member of your family will be able to master such a design.

The stairs can be a work of art

Bright staircase with beautiful carvings

Avant-garde wooden staircase design

Classification of stairs to the second floor in a private house

In the manufacture of stairs, a certain classification is adopted, based on the presence or absence of individual elements of the structure. To understand what design you need, let's take a closer look at the details.

So, for an amateur, the staircase consists of railings and steps. A professional will tell you that a step is a tread and a riser. We put our foot on the tread, and the riser is the bar for the height of the step. Depending on whether the staircase has a riser or not, it is considered open or closed.

Closed staircase made of light materials

The next criterion by which ladders are distinguished is the way the steps are fastened. For this purpose, stringer beams, bowstrings and supporting pillars. The first support the steps of the stairs from below, in the second case, the steps are fixed in the recesses of the fences and supports. In a spiral design, support pillars are used to fasten the steps.

This design uses support poles.

If you have a desire to build a staircase with your own hands and you are not embarrassed by the subtleties of its construction, then be prepared for a detailed study design features and making accurate calculations.

Advice! At self erection entrust the calculations of loads and safety to professionals in order to avoid traumatic situations.

Such a staircase will easily become the main element of the interior.

Wide steps guarantee comfort and safety of operation

Material and style of stairs

Since we are talking about wooden stairs, it is worth paying attention to the types of wood that are best suited for them. Elite representatives are oak, walnut, beech and ash. Oak has a high density, it is strong and reliable. Budget options- pine, spruce, cedar, fir. Do you want to combine an affordable price and good performance? Choose birch or maple.

The staircase made of wood looks solid in the interior

Besides, great solution may be an option using wood and metal. Combined wooden and metal stairs is a tribute to the style of the interior. A common solution is a combination wooden steps and metal railings. At the same time, the railing serves not only the safety of the structure, but also carries a decorative load. In terms of decor, metal, especially in forging, has more possibilities than wood.

Wood looks great with metal

The choice of style determines the material. Wood is always a classic. In addition, a wooden staircase will fit perfectly into country, Provence, country style. It will not break the harmony in the baroque and renaissance. For persuasiveness style decision pay attention to the color of the wood. For Provence, it is better to use light wood, but the classic loves dark shades.

Nice antique styling

A visual lesson on how to make a wooden staircase yourself, and a detailed calculation for each detail of the structure can be viewed here:

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