Options for heating a private house without gas. How to cheaply heat a house without gas: an assessment of alternative solutions

Most large settlements have an extensive centralized gas supply system that provides for the needs of residents. In places located at a distance, the situation is not always encouraging.

Long distances to main pipelines and tangible gas costs force the use of alternative options for space heating. When studying the issue, it turns out that efficient heating in a private house without gas can be provided using different kinds liquid and solid fuels, and in some cases do without it at all.

Gas saving

In climates with harsh winters, there are additional concerns. Too much low temperatures air on the street cause the need for a large gas flow, which significantly increases the financial costs of maintaining comfortable conditions.

heating fee in winter period constitutes a significant part of the family budget. There is a natural desire to reduce the volume of payments in cases where this is possible. Therefore, the focus is on all possible ways saving gas without compromising the temperature regime.

House insulation

You can significantly reduce heating costs in advance, during construction. Proper thermal insulation of walls, foundations, roofs will prevent thermal energy from escaping into the atmosphere. The upcoming heating costs will be acceptable. If the house is no longer new, you can insulate it at the renovation stage.

There is a wide range of materials that provide thermal insulation of buildings in general, individual apartments and houses in particular. Qualified masters will help with the choice of an effective and economical solution for home insulation. In addition to working with walls, flooring, ceiling structures, window and door openings should be carefully sealed.

Additional sources of savings

During construction, technical equipment of the house, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. Excessive capacity of the equipment will lead to excessive consumption of gas fuel and an increase in the amount of payments.

Up to 15% of costs can be reduced by the correct wiring of the heat pipeline.

The installation of a collector distribution system for the coolant allows you to save the budget. In the bedrooms, you can increase the heating at night, in the living room - during the day. It is advisable to install automated temperature sensors in the house, in the country. You need to do this once, enjoy the result constantly. With a decrease in the air temperature in the street, the gas supply, the intensity of the operation of the thermal boiler increase. The sensor can work remotely, which is especially convenient for heating control country house.

Significantly reduce gas consumption for heating allows a modern version of the ventilation device. Installing a heat exchanger hot air exits the room inner tube, and the cold one enters through the outer jacket, while warming up, it allows you to heat the house with minimal fuel consumption.

It is possible to make underfloor heating in living quarters. This economical way raise the temperature of the air in your home at minimal cost. Of course, you need to install gas meters. They help to save a lot of money on heating.

How to go without gas

In a country with vast resources, there is always an alternative choice of fuel. It is possible to organize inexpensive heating of a house without gas and electricity. There are several options, the choice of which depends on the specifics of the place of residence, the availability of one or another organic raw material.

solid fuel

In many houses in the villages there were wood-burning stoves. The tradition has been preserved to this day in the corners of the forest zone of the country, which has no problems with the delivery of wood. In addition to firewood, other raw materials can be used for heating.

Exist modern designs boilers with an automatic device, designed to use various types of solid fuels:

firewood;
straw briquettes;
peat;
coal;
pellets from various raw materials.

In many regions, solid fuel is the cheapest source of heat. Sometimes boilers are made for a certain type of raw material, but it is popular universal equipment. Such an autonomous heating method is associated with the need to constantly monitor the operation of boilers, add organic raw materials, regularly remove ash and clean chimneys.

The use of coal stoves is not environmentally friendly, a lot of harmful gases are released. It is best to use pellets or briquettes as fuel.

A good option for heating a private house is the arrangement of a fireplace. In addition to conventional fireplaces that heat one room with warm air, it is possible to build a piping system with a coolant that can heat completely without gas country house. As a heat carrier, water is used that enters the radiators, or air is distributed to all rooms through air ducts with adjustable dampers. Fireplaces have a lot of inertia, so you have to wait until the whole dwelling warms up. Some inconvenience of heating is compensated by the special comfort that the fireplace creates, by pleasant aesthetic impressions.

Liquid fuel

It is possible to heat a house cheaply and without gas, using liquid raw materials. The efficiency of liquid fuel boilers and stoves is high, however, they are large in size and weight. For the installation of heating stoves, it is necessary to provide a separate room with good ventilation and a flue system. How heat sources can be used:

kerosene;
fuel oil;
diesel fuel;
waste fuels or lubricants.

Liquid fuel has a sharp unpleasant odor; a separate facility must be built for storage. Outdoors in low winter temperatures, flammable liquids will freeze, so the storage room must be heated or be prepared for the fact that the fuel must be brought to the required state before use. Taking into account all the difficulties to heat wooden house liquid fuel only makes sense if there are no other options available.

Electric heating

Regardless of the geographic location, electricity can be used to heat a house. There are many models of electric heating equipment, which works efficiently without any gas, and is convenient to use. Saving money is not always possible. The costs are comparable to those for gas heating, which makes one think about other technologies.

However, if infrared film heaters are used, the energy consumption will be more economical. Sometimes heating with gas or wood is combined with the installation of electric heaters, making living conditions more comfortable. With the help of electricity, separate sections of the room are heated, portable heaters are installed in utility rooms, in summer cottages.

Modern Alternative

There are completely different approaches to the use of energy for heating purposes without the use of gas. The choice depends on the readiness to seriously deal with the equipment new system, financial possibilities of the owners of the house.

Heat pumps

An unusual yet unfamiliar option for organizing home heating is the use of a heat pump, the principle of which is based on converting the energy of soil, air or water into heat. The unit takes the low temperature potential from environment, heats the heat carrier in the evaporator and transfers it to the heating system.

The source of energy can be:

soil located near the surface of the earth;
wells;
heat from non-freezing reservoirs.

In the first case, the contour is laid horizontally under a layer of soil located just below the freezing level. It occupies part of the adjacent area. Upon completion of the installation of the heating complex, the soil can be used for growing plants with small roots.

IN deep systems make wells. Bent collectors made of polyethylene pipes are lowered into them. The number of wells, their depth are determined by calculations. The installation of the heater can be done fairly quickly.

Laying polyethylene heating pipes at the bottom of the reservoir is more difficult to make. Fasteners must not only firmly fix the pipeline under water, but also make the plastic structure heavier. Unfortunate examples are known when, due to savings on fasteners, polyethylene fragments of the collector floated up, broke, and the coolant poured into the reservoir.

It is possible to take ordinary air from the street for the operation of the heat pump. This is the simplest option, which is economically justified only in places where frosts are not stronger than 20 ° C.

All types of geothermal heating equipment are environmentally friendly. For their operation, a compressor is needed, it is good if it can be powered not only from the central power supply, but also from a mobile generator. Heat pumps are more than three times more efficient than gas-fired boilers, but you need to invest a considerable amount of money in the beginning, which will not pay off immediately.

biofuel

Increased environmental awareness, the level of general awareness of the population allow the use of non-traditional energy sources, an example of which are various types of biofuels. Biological materials release gas as a result of fermentation. The combustion of gaseous products generates energy that can be used to heat a private house or greenhouse.

As a raw material, you can take any organic waste of animal or vegetable origin. Most often they take manure, mix it with sawdust, peat, fallen leaves, straw, and other plant waste. This should be done in a sealed bunker, pit. To initiate fermentation, the mixture is heated to a temperature of 35 ℃. After the start of the reaction, heating continues spontaneously, organic gas is released, which must be sent to the pipeline system and used for heating as a conventional gas fuel. It is important to note that the composition of biological gas is different from natural gas. Therefore, the burners must be adjusted to work in given conditions.

Most often, biofuels are used to heat greenhouses and utility rooms. The popularity of the technology is growing, the benefits are obvious. In the near future, biofuels will be widely used to heat homes.

Solar collectors

The possibility of using solar energy for heating purposes is interesting. There are systems that convert solar energy into electricity and heat. The first are called solar panels, the second - collectors.

Batteries powered by the sun are rare in our country. But heating collectors are gaining popularity every year, although they also have their own characteristics that complicate widespread use.

It will not be possible to install heating without gas using solar collectors completely throughout the country. For this, in winter there will not be enough daylight hours and radiation intensity. However, from spring to late autumn, solar energy is sufficient to heat water as a heat carrier. The heat accumulated in the collectors is forcibly circulated in the system due to the operation of the pump.

There are gravity models that operate completely autonomously without the use of electricity. A pump in such heating systems is not needed.

Any kind of solar collectors cost a lot. Additional costs are required for the purchase of a storage tank. They will pay for themselves in at least 10 years. In the southern regions, the use of solar energy for heating is justified by high solar activity. Here it is quite possible to do without gas.

Innovative and traditional technologies allow consideration of alternative sources of energy supply for heating without the use of natural gas. In addition to these, there are heating systems that use the energy of wind and geysers.

When planning the construction of a new house, the refurbishment of old housing, one should study the issue well, assess the availability of a particular source, and calculate the fuel consumption for heating the entire area. In this case, it will be possible to significantly save on heating and do without gas.

Green homestead: Using natural gas is the most economical way to heat a wooden cottage. This fuel, among all other alternatives, is cheap, and the boilers on it are extremely easy to operate. But how to organize the heating of a private house without gas, because not everywhere there is main gas pipelines. What are the alternatives to this fuel, which of the options is the most profitable?

Using natural gas is the most economical way to heat a wooden cottage. This fuel, among all other alternatives, is cheap, and the boilers on it are extremely easy to operate. But how to organize the heating of a private house without gas, because not everywhere there are main gas pipelines. What are the alternatives to this fuel, which of the options is the most profitable?

Ways to organize heating in a cottage

The most common autonomous home heating system in domestic country houses is water. It uses water heated in a boiler or furnace as a heat carrier. After heating, it gives off heat to the premises with the help of batteries and pipes, creating comfortable conditions in them.

Heating systems, depending on the scheme for connecting heating devices, are divided into:

Single-pipe - with series connection of radiators, according to which the coolant is supplied and removed from the device using one pipe;
Two-pipe - with supply and return lines and a sequential scheme for connecting devices to pipes, according to which the coolant is supplied to the device with one pipe, and the other is discharged.

Both types of heating systems come with an upper and lower type of wiring. The first option provides for laying the supply pipe above the location of the devices receiving the coolant, the second, respectively, below.

The location of the pipes relative to the heating devices can be vertical and horizontal, on the basis of which the heating system takes the technical term of the same name. The first type is used mainly in multi-storey buildings or in one-story cottages with an attic, within which it is possible to install an expansion tank and lay a pipeline to supply the coolant through a separate branch to each device.

A horizontal heating circuit is built in small private buildings. The reason is insufficient performance and length restrictions - the network cannot be more than 30 linear meters in length.

Connection of risers to radiators is carried out according to a one-sided or two-sided scheme, i.e. with pipe connection on one or both sides. If in a vertical single-pipe system the batteries are connected on one side, then it is called a reverse circulation circuit. The latter variety is not recommended for systems with steel or cast iron appliances.

Main elements standard system heating in a private country house are: a heating boiler, radiators and coolant supply pipelines

According to the type of water circulation in pipes, heating systems are of two types:

Natural - imply gravity flow of the coolant due to the laws of physics.
Forced - suggest the presence of a circulation pump to create a circuit of the carrier of thermal energy from the boiler to the appliances, and after cooling in the opposite direction.

The first option is simpler than the second in design and installation. But the supply of heat in a natural system is not amenable to automatic regulation, the coolant in it moves through the pipes due to gravity and the difference in densities of cold and heated water. But unlike the forced option, it is non-volatile.

In the event of a power failure, the heating system with natural circulation water will continue to function properly if its main unit is a non-volatile boiler. The pump, which requires power from the outlet, is also not in it.

However, gravitational pressure has its limits. The heating capacity with natural circulation is simply not enough to supply the coolant to the branched circuits. Sometimes it is not enough to supply heated water with the temperature required for heating at a distance between the radiator and the boiler of 25 m, if the pipeline is made of a material with high hydraulic resistance: steel or cast iron.

If a wooden house has a small area, then a natural system is enough for it. However, a large cottage of two or three floors requires more powerful option with a pump that will pump hot water to all rooms remote from the boiler on all floors.

In addition to using gas, the coolant can be heated by electricity or by burning other types of fuel. Also, autonomous heating in a private house, where there is no connection to a gas main, is often organized using convectors, infrared heaters and heat pumps.

Selecting a specific device method heating system depends on many factors. The climate of the region of residence, the quality of home insulation, as well as the availability of one or another type of fuel are important here.

Heating circuits with steam and heated air circulating through them are arranged according to identical principles.

Of particular note is the "warm floor" system, which is a network of pipes with a circulating coolant under flooring. The main advantage of this option is that as a result of heat from below, the air in the room warms up optimally at the level of human growth, and not somewhere under the ceiling.

An alternative to gas: choosing a water heating boiler

Natural gas is far from the only type of fuel for autonomous heating systems. Boilers also burn solid or liquid fuels as fuel. It is also possible to use electricity for heating water. Some prefer traditional wood or coal stoves, while others prefer clean electricity. But it is worth remembering that in case of interruptions in the networks, there will be zero sense from electric boilers.

Option number 1: Solid fuel

Solid fuel stoves and their more modern counterparts, boilers, are the oldest and most popular way to heat private homes in areas without gas. It can be both traditional Russian stoves and modern boiler equipment industrial production with various automation.

As solid fuels are used:

firewood;
straw briquettes;
peat;
coal;
wood pellets.

Such equipment is cheap and easy to operate. Fuel is also not particularly expensive. However, as a result of its combustion, rather large volumes of ash are formed, which must be constantly disposed of. Plus, you have to visually control the operation of such equipment, which takes a lot of time.

On the one hand, the cheapness of fuel, and on the other, regular cleaning of the furnace and chimneys. There is no single decision “for” or “against” here. But in a situation of living near coal deposits or near a forest, the choice in favor of solid fuel boilers or stoves is obvious to many, and often the only possible one.

As an option for a solid fuel unit, you can safely consider a fireplace, although there is a strong opinion about its low efficiency. However, a fireplace with the right device is not only decorative element interior, but also a good alternative to gas boilers. Moreover, it is absolutely non-volatile, which eliminates interruptions in heating in case of any problems on the power grid.

A traditional fireplace implies air heating only of the room where it is located, but nothing prevents pipes from being connected to it to heat the coolant

Most fireplaces are designed in such a way that they can heat only one room. However, the standard fireplace design can be supplemented with a coil around the chimney, which will heat water for the radiators of the heating system. And you can immediately dilute the warm air through the rooms using air ducts with adjustable dampers.

Fireplace heating is highly inert. To warm them up private house it takes a lot of time. Most best option is to heat the fireplace all the time. However, in this case, you will need a lot of firewood. But all these minor inconveniences are more than offset by the opportunity to observe the process of burning logs and the aesthetics of your own hearth.

Option number 2: Liquid fuel

In terms of efficiency, liquid fuel (diesel) boilers differ little from gas counterparts. However, they are larger and heavier. Their installation requires a separate non-residential premises. It is strictly forbidden to install them in a cottage under the stairs or in the kitchen.

During the combustion of oils of vegetable origin and petroleum products, significant volumes of harmful emissions. The boiler room for these installations must be equipped high-quality ventilation and flue system. Plus, with improper installation and operation, they can begin to smoke.

The following types of liquid fuel are used to heat private wooden houses:

Kerosene.
Diesel fuel.
Processing of fuels and lubricants.
Fuel oil.
Biofuel from vegetable oils.

Due to the specific smell and the high probability of ignition, it is recommended to store such fuel outside the cottage. But in winter, liquids freeze on the street, so you will have to make a separate heated room for such fuel or organize its preheating. And this is an additional and significant expense.

Among the advantages of using liquid fuel equipment for heating, it is worth noting high efficiency, no need to issue permits for installation and autonomy of work. However, the high price of fuel interrupts all these advantages. Arrange heating wooden house without gas with the help of a diesel boiler is only in cases where there is no other alternative, and it is not even foreseen in the future.

Option #3: Electricity

Electric boilers do not require a chimney. They are safe and compact. The heating of the coolant inside them occurs due to the heating element. You can use electric boilers as both the main and additional source thermal energy. They are easy to use and efficient, but heating with their help is quite expensive.

If the power grids in the village do not please with the constancy of voltage, then choosing an electric boiler for heating your own wooden house is risky. At some point, you can be left without lighting and a heating system at the same time. The only option in such a case is a backup diesel generator.

Not always allocated by power engineers is enough to fully heat the cottage. And pulling an additional power line will result in a serious waste of money. Installation and heating electrical equipment is relatively cheap, but the latter consumes a lot of electricity. If you plan to equip heating in a private house without gas with an electric boiler, then you should prepare in advance for a serious increase in electricity bills.

How else can you heat a wooden house

To create comfortable conditions in the rooms of the cottage, you can use other methods of heating. There are a lot of novelties in the market of autonomous heat engineering now. Some of them have a high price, but have high efficiency. And others involve the use of alternative energy sources.

Infrared heating options

The main feature of IR heat sources is not the heating of air, but of objects and surfaces in a heated room. Already from the heated furniture, walls and floor, heat is transferred to the air masses in the room. As a result, with minimal energy consumption, it is possible to create the most comfortable conditions in the home.

Infrared electric heaters are sold as:

hanging panels in enclosures various shapes;
film devices for ceiling or floor mounting;
floor models (a la a regular radiator).

IR heaters operate in automatic mode. It is enough to plug them into the socket and set them to the desired temperature. Installation of wall and ceiling models is extremely simple, all the necessary fasteners are provided in the case or on the film. Difficulties can only be caused by the installation of a “warm infrared floor”. But with strict adherence to the instructions, everything is done elementarily.

Film heaters under the ceiling are an excellent alternative to gas boilers: economical, no oxygen is burned in the room and completely safe from the point of view of fires

IR heaters allow you to quickly create a reliable and effective system heating in any private house where there is no gas. When compared with a heating electric boiler, they save 30–40%. Moreover, the heating of rooms occurs an order of magnitude faster, almost instantly.

Infrared heaters can be used as the main heat source or complement other cottage heating systems. Diversity model range makes it possible to fit them into any interior, and if necessary, quickly increase the thermal power.

Among the negative aspects of IR electric heaters are static electricity, which contributes to the attraction of dust, and a lot of initial investment. Nothing much can be done about static, and equipment costs are always paid off due to low power consumption.

Heat pumps as a useful addition

Among the alternatives to gas for heating a wooden house, heat pumps stand apart, extracting it from environmental subjects. Structurally and technically, this air conditioner is the opposite. Only the heat pump does not cool the air, but heats it. Moreover, it generates all the thermal energy necessary for this thanks to the reasonable use of free natural resources and phenomena.

Heating based on a heat pump for a private house without gas is the maximum savings on energy resources. But in our latitudes, this type of heating can only serve as an addition to the main heating network.

The disadvantage of heat pumps is their dependence on the presence of voltage in the outlet. They will not work without a constant power supply. Plus at severe frosts their effectiveness is drastically reduced. In warm regions with winter temperatures around zero, the return on them is excellent, but in Siberian conditions they are of little use.

Heat with low potential can be collected by heat pumps from:

outdoor air;
land through wells or pipe systems in the ground;
water (any nearby body of water or wells).

Heat pumps are good. However, you have to pay a lot for “free” energy by purchasing expensive equipment. For a large house, the costs can exceed a million rubles.

Solar energy and windmills

Another option for green energy is solar panels and collectors. The former generate electricity, while the latter, using the rays of the sun, heat the coolant for supply to the in-house heating system. They do not need any gas to work, they only need constant wind and cloudless weather.

In the future, electricity and heated coolant can be used to heat a private house by installing a heating system in it with radiators and various electric heaters. Solar plants are generators of electrical and thermal energy. The rooms themselves are heated thanks to a variety of heating devices that are connected to these generating devices.

In turn, wind generators convert wind energy into electricity. And then the heaters are connected to the power supply.

The main disadvantage of all these clean energy sources is that they depend on external factors. Cloudy weather and calm negate their effectiveness. As an additional source, they are quite a suitable option for heating a private house without gas, but building the entire heating system on them alone is not worth it.

What is the most economical heating

From the point of view of fuel costs, the most cost-effective option after the main gas is the option with firewood. Cheaper fuel for boilers, stoves and fireplaces is hard to find. Then comes coal, and then electricity and diesel. In case of alternative energy costs under this item are generally zero or minimal. However, one should not forget here the cost of heat engineering units for heat generation.

In the aggregate of all costs, heating a house without gas is the cheapest thing to do with electricity. But this only applies to cottages with good insulation, as well as situations where the power existing networks I allow you to connect heating electrical equipment. In other situations, it is better to opt for more traditional solid fuel stoves or boilers. published

There are many ways to organize full-fledged heating in a household in which there is no light and gas. In any case, you can certainly do without a gas pipeline, while electricity is available almost everywhere. But it is very expensive, exploitation similar systems heating leads to wild costs. In this review, we will tell you how to create heating for a private house without gas and electricity (at least with minimal consumption).

Basic heating methods

A warm house without heating - a few decades ago it was a fantasy. Today, such houses really exist, they are built using energy saving technologies and a careful approach to identifying thermal energy leaks. The task of developers and builders is to keep the heat inside the house as much as possible and prevent it from slipping out. Solar collectors are the sources of initial thermal energy.

In most of the territory of Russia, it is difficult to build a house without heating also because we have a rather cold country. You can take a chance on a similar experiment somewhere in the southern regions. About the central strip and Siberia, you can not even stutter.

It is really possible to build a house without heating. For this you will have to:

Move to a suitable climate zone;
Invest in expert advice;
Invest in the purchase of energy-saving building materials.

The costs will be high, for many of our compatriots they will become unbearable. After all, we think about heating without gas and electricity for only two reasons - there is no money to pay utilities or in the settlement there really is no main gas pipeline.

Alternative Solutions

Let's figure out how to make alternative heating for a private house without gas and electricity. We can use:

Traditional gas boilers powered by a cylinder;
Gas convectors operating on bottled gas;
Solid fuel boilers of various designs, operating without electricity;
Liquid boilers operating on diesel fuel or mining;
Heat pumps are quite expensive, but economical way of heating (with low electricity costs).

Let's consider these options in more detail.

Why electricity is not good

Energy-saving heating without pipes, boilers and batteries is built on the basis of a thin infrared film PLEN, laid behind the ceiling structures and wall panels. The infrared radiation generated by them warms the rooms, creating a comfortable atmosphere in them. Such heating is economical, which is typical for IR systems. But when compared with conventional natural gas heating, the costs will be high.

Assembling heating without pipes with your own hands, based on a film, is as easy as shelling pears - just mount it behind the walls and under the ceiling structures, and then connect it to the mains.

Heating systems on electricity are easy to install, but expensive to operate. The same film pays off for several years, but the monthly cost of its work results in thousands and even tens of thousands of rubles, which depends on the area of home ownership. Electric convectors also make it possible to do without boilers and pipes, but even when equipped with electronic thermostats, they are unable to reduce costs to an acceptable level. Therefore, we will talk about more economical ways of heating.

Use of LPG boilers

Almost any modern boiler can be easily reconfigured to work with liquefied gas. If there is no gas pipeline in the settlement, then liquefied propane gas is most likely sold there. And it can be used to create a heating system based on traditional pipes and radiators.

When creating autonomous heating with your own hands, do not forget to reconfigure the equipment. To do this, you will need to replace the nozzles installed in the boiler. Also needed correct setting heating technology. And it is best to entrust this procedure to specialists. Next, we mount radiators in the rooms, lay pipes, perform connecting work and enjoy the work of heating.

It should be noted that the operation of heating on liquefied gas is more expensive than if it worked on the main fuel. But it's still cheaper than electricity.

Gas convectors

The previous method is not entirely honest - some kind of no, but gas is still used there. But the next type of heating is also not fair - we again need liquefied gas and some electricity. Create heating without pipes and boilers will help gas convectors. These compact heaters are equipped with self-contained gas burners heating steel or cast iron internal heat exchangers. Then convection comes into play:

Cold air is sucked in through the bottom vents and heated by a heat exchanger;
Heated air masses rise to the ceiling, displacing colder air from there;
The procedure is repeated cyclically until fully warmed up.

The whole process is controlled by automation. True, it runs on electricity, but consumes it in limited quantities - after all, this is not electric heating.

Full heating of a private house without gas and electricity is organized using solid fuel heating equipment. Some samples are really capable of working completely autonomously, without requiring gas cylinders and an electrical connection. It turns out that we produce heat without gas, simply and cheaply - with the help of ordinary firewood. This firewood will be absolutely free if you collect it in a forest full of fallen trees (we do not recommend illegal logging).

Heating a house without gas and electricity begins with choosing the right boiler. Here it is necessary to pay attention to non-volatile models that can work autonomously. The market is full of them, the cost of adequate durable samples starts at 13-15 thousand rubles, but you can find cheaper ones. Power is selected by quadrature - for example, a 10 kW model can heat up to 100 square meters. m. of living space.

The simplest wood-burning boiler can work without gas and electricity as part of an autonomous heating system. But in this case, you will have to constantly monitor the amount of firewood in the firebox - the logs burn out quickly. Also need temperature control in the pipeline so as not to overheat the coolant. That is, there is practically no automation here - the exception is models with mechanical thrust regulators.

Mechanical draft control cannot provide regulation of the heat output of the boiler in a wide range.

Automated equipment

A pyrolysis boiler will help to heat the room with automation for controlling the combustion of solid fuel. Here the combustion of logs is carried out with the release of gaseous products of pyrolysis. These combustible gases are burned in the afterburner. This scheme increases the efficiency of the equipment and allows you to control the combustion process. Most often, automation is implemented through a blower fan - turning on and off, it ensures the regulation of thermal power in a wide range.

Another way to create a more efficient and comfortable heating- put a pellet boiler with automatic fuel supply into the system. Being equipped with a capacious bunker for pellets, it will be able to work for days, independently dosing the fuel supply to the combustion chamber. Such equipment operates in automatic mode - it is enough to set the required temperature on the thermostat.

Liquid equipment

If you don’t want to mess with firewood, and there is no bottled gas in the village, it is possible to implement automatic heating on liquid fuel - diesel fuel or waste oil. To do this, a liquid boiler is mounted in the heating circuit. It is powered by a fuel tank installed in another room or outside it. Features and benefits of liquid boilers:

For their operation, electricity is needed - it feeds the nozzle and automation (minimal costs);
Fully automatic operation– you just need to monitor the presence of fuel in the tank;
Gas is not required - the main thing is to find a source of inexpensive fuel;
There is no need for unnecessarily frequent maintenance, which is typical for solid fuel equipment - it is necessary to remove ash often.

But there are also disadvantages - it is problematic to heat an apartment without electricity and gas using a liquid boiler. It's all about safety, hardly anyone will allow the operation of such equipment in the apartment apartment building. It is best to use liquid boilers in private households.

Use of heat pumps

Heating without gas and wood, pipes and boilers is possible. But only with electricity. These are heat pumps that extract heat energy from air, land and water. This energy is collected bit by bit by special pipelines in the ground or in the water column in rivers and lakes, after which it is sent to the heat pump. At the outlet of the pump, we get the desired heat.

Electricity is required for this heating to work. But it is consumed in a limited amount - up to 80% of the heat is taken from the environment, which provides reasonable savings. Heat can be supplied to the premises by air or through pipes with radiators. The downside of heat pumps is their high cost - heating costs will be gigantic, unbearable for a user with limited funds.

Not happy about the time for which the initial costs will “beat off” - it can take up to 15 years before the heating starts to work in plus.

Conclusion

The cheapest option for creating heating without gas and electricity is to use wood-burning boilers. Firewood is cheap, sometimes you can get it for free. And the solid fuel boilers presented for sale will be able to provide absolutely autonomous operation throughout the entire heating period.

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Gasification of "rural" areas, unfortunately, lags behind the pace of suburban construction. And even for residents of the suburbs of administrative centers, the question of what kind of heating in a private house is the most economical, if there is no gas, sounds relevant. Taking into account the prices of energy carriers in the domestic market, the cost of a kilowatt of thermal energy looks like this: the second place is solid fuel, the third is liquefied gas, the fourth is liquid fuel, and the last is electricity. But even in this hierarchy, not everything is so simple. How to heat the house if there is no gas.

Heating a house without gas should ideally be combined - using traditional and alternative energy sources

There are different options for heating a country house without gas, each of them is worth special attention.

solid fuel

Not so long ago, solid fuels had no competitors. At first, wood, and then coal, were the main types. Of course, they also burned peat, straw and even dung, but, as now, it was a “local” fuel that was not widely used.

The primitive hearth in the cave is very reminiscent of a classic fireplace

With the beginning of the "gas era" of heating, firewood and coal faded into the background, but still remain in demand. Moreover, their prospects are “rosy”, since there are much more explored reserves of coal than gas, and firewood and “wood” fuel are renewable energy sources. The modern difference is only that earlier stoves or fireplaces were used exclusively for heating the house, and now the boiler is considered the main source of heat. Although there are exceptions.

Furnaces

They meet now, especially if we are talking about a small country house or cottage. The main advantage is absolute energy independence. Therefore, they are used when it is necessary to provide heating for a private house without gas and electricity.

According to the purpose of the stove, there are heating and heating-cooking. The first option includes a Russian stove and a Swede, the second - a Dutch stove and a classic fireplace.

Their effectiveness largely depends on the design of the chimney system, of which there are three types:

Direct-flow. The chimney has a minimum number of elbows in the direction from the furnace to the pipe. This category includes classic open hearth fireplaces and Russian stoves. The heat emitter is the body and part of the chimney that runs indoors or inside the wall. By the way, due to the special design and massiveness, the Russian stove is considered one of the most efficient. And the traditional fireplace has the lowest efficiency. And in modern realities, it is more of a decor or a means of relaxation when contemplating an open flame than a full-fledged heater.

Channel. The combustion products are discharged through a system of channels passing inside the furnace body, which not only radiates, but also accumulates heat. This type includes "Dutch". It, like the Russian stove, warms up for a long time, but it also cools down for a long time.

Bell-type. Hot gases first rise into the "cap", where they give off part of the heat, cool down, descend along the walls of the cap and through the "cap" are drawn into the chimney.

In addition to non-volatility, the advantage of classic stoves is their "omnivorousness" in relation to solid fuel. Firewood, coal, peat, briquettes - everything that can be put in the firebox with your hands and set on fire. Moreover, unpretentiousness extends to the ash content of coal and the moisture content of firewood.

The Russian stove is still relevant, and can heat several rooms on two levels.

The disadvantages are no less significant than the advantages:

radiation type of heat energy transfer - a house is heated with one stove, where the entire living area is in one or two adjacent rooms;

labor-intensive maintenance - frequent refueling and cleaning;

low efficiency (average efficiency of about 20%) - the fuel does not completely burn out and most of the heat "flies into the chimney" along with smoke;

complex structure"Handmade" production, which can only be performed by an experienced craftsman.

These shortcomings are not present in modern solid fuel boilers and factory fireplace inserts.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Solid fuel boilers

Another not the worst option than to heat the house. Modern solid fuel boilers have an efficiency of 80-95%. That is, the best samples in terms of work efficiency are at the level of gas boilers, and only three economic factors "throw" them into second place:

higher cost of the heat carrier in terms of a kilowatt of thermal energy;

higher price of equipment;

"present" maintenance costs (expenses for transport, fuel storage and disposal of solid residues).

If we talk about the cost, then in the Moscow region, heating with wood is approximately one and a half times more expensive than with gas - about 90 kopecks. per kilowatt against 53 kopecks. (according to tariffs for natural gas for the second half of 2017, subject to the availability of metering devices).

Pyrolysis boilers have the most high efficiency- firewood in them burns out almost completely, with a minimum "solid" residue

The use of fuel pellets increases the cost of a kilowatt to 1.3-1.4 rubles. and almost compares in price when using hard coal, but still cheaper by 15-20% than heating with anthracite. But there are nuances here.

If the task is how to heat a house cheaply without gas, then wood boilers long burning or pyrolysis (gas generating) models best meet this condition. The only drawback is that the laying of firewood is done manually and it is impossible to automate this process. Although this should be done infrequently - 1-2 times a day.

There are boilers for pellets or coal with automatic loading of fuel from the bunker. And although the bunker also needs to be loaded manually, it is much larger than the volume of the firebox. A conventional boiler model with a standard hopper with a capacity of 1 m3 can operate continuously from three days to a week, and with an enlarged hopper - up to 12 days (taking into account high-quality insulation of the house and low heat losses). And when it is not possible to load fuel frequently, then such boilers are the best option (if you do not take into account the higher prices for equipment).

Solid fuel boilers of long burning with a large capacity bunker do not require daily maintenance from the owners

Note. There are even automatic modular coal-fired boilers with a bunker capacity of up to 14 m3, their own crusher, auger fuel supply to the furnace and automatic soot removal into their own bunker - practically a mini-boiler room for a private house. Moreover, this is a domestic development and the cost of equipment is also “domestic”.

Fireplace inserts

Modern fireplace inserts, fireplace stoves and stoves do not differ in principle from solid fuel boilers. They also have the function of long burning and secondary afterburning. Their efficiency differs from gas-generating boilers by only 5-10%, which is at least four times higher than that of classic fireplaces with an open firebox.

Demonstration model of a closed-type fireplace insert with a water circuit

The intraspecific differences between such devices are that fireplace inserts require additional installation of a decorative portal and are used only for heating, fireplace stoves have a finished design and some models belong to the heating and cooking class (there are even models with a built-in grill), and all stoves perform two functions - cooking and heating.

Fireplace stoves and stoves have a limited power range - a maximum of 25 kW. This, of course, is less than that of boilers, but they can heat a house up to 250 m2.

Heating and cooking stove-fireplace - the best option for a small country house

The power of the fireplace insert can reach 40 kW, which allows you to heat a house up to 400 m2.

Stoves and fireplace inserts can heat a home in three ways:

heat radiation in the common space with a free layout of the entire level (studio type);

in a water heating system, if the furnace has an appropriate heat exchanger with piping;

in the air heating system.

Note. Air heating is the first known system in history, which appeared several millennia earlier than water heating. And now it is successfully used, but only in a modern version - the use of forced feed warm air to adjacent rooms or to the second floor through air ducts.

Video description

Visually how to heat a house without gas using air heating, see the video:

Liquefied gas

In terms of the cost of a kilowatt of energy, liquefied natural gas ranks third.

There is different ways its delivery and storage, but the smaller the volume, the more expensive the final price. Therefore, for home permanent residence a gas tank is needed, and for small dacha, which is rarely visited in cold weather, you can get by with several cylinders of 50 liters each. When using a gas tank, the price of a kilowatt of heat from burning liquefied gas is 2.3-2.5 rubles, the use of cylinders raises the bar by 50 kopecks.

You can also heat up in different ways.

Most simple system- direct combustion of gas to produce heat without heating the intermediate heat carrier, piping and radiators. For this, gas convectors and infrared heaters are used. Their principle of operation and design are different, but one thing in common is the availability of equipment, compactness and operation from bottled gas. The disadvantage is the power limitation and heating of only one room. For example, infrared and catalytic gas heaters firms AYGAZ maximum power is 6.2 kW.

Such a compact infrared heater can heat up to 40 m2

The gas tank allows you to build a full-fledged autonomous water heating system, and the frequency of refueling depends on the volume of the tank, the heating area and the operating mode. In terms of ease of operation and maintenance, the system ranks second after electric heating. But it requires significant initial investments for the purchase of a gas tank, its installation (usually underground) and the laying of communications (pipes for connecting to the boiler and electric cable for tank heating system).

Another difficulty for a gas tank is the choice of location. It should be located close enough to the house and be accessible for refueling with gas.

Liquid fuel

This is probably the last option that should be considered when solving the problem of how to heat a house if there is no gas. It's not even about the price of energy carriers - they can be different. The most expensive diesel fuel allows you to get thermal energy at the same cost as when using liquefied gas from cylinders. The price of heat when burning fuel oil is the same as for coal-fired boilers, and "working off" practically compares the cost of heating to the level of natural gas. But…

In terms of equipment cost, this is one of the most expensive fuel-using systems. In addition, these boilers are "capricious", requiring regular maintenance and maintenance of the same complexity as the fuel supply and injection systems of a diesel car. There are also such disadvantages as air pollution by products of combustion of liquid fuels, as well as high level noise from the operation of the fuel pump and burner.

Maintenance of an oil-fired boiler is much more difficult than any other

Electric boilers

Electric boilers have the highest efficiency - up to 98%. Moreover, it does not depend on the type of boiler. Heating elements, electrode and induction boilers differ only in the way the coolant is heated, and they have no losses from incomplete combustion of the fuel - electricity is converted into heat almost completely. In principle, it would be correct to speak not about the heating system (there is no fuel and combustion chamber), but about the method of heating.

By the cost of equipment, simplicity of the device, completeness of automation and ease of maintenance electric boilers have no competitors. But they have the highest cost per kilowatt of thermal energy. Although there are "loopholes".

Video description

In addition, you can use modern geothermal pumps, clearly about which - in the video:

Since July of this year in the Moscow region for settlements and rural areas with electric stoves and heating appliances, the one-part tariff is 3.53 rubles. per kWh. Taking into account the efficiency, a kilowatt of thermal energy will cost 3.6-3.7 rubles. But there are two- and three-part tariffs that allow you to save money. To do this, you need to install a heat accumulator, which allows you to accumulate warm water for the heating system at night, when the tariff is 1.46 rubles. per kWh. If the house is small, and the capacity of the heat accumulator is sufficient, then the night supply (from 23-00 to 7-00) may be enough for the rest of the time or for most of it. This compares the cost of heating with electricity to solid fuel boilers on the corner. And much cheaper than burning liquefied gas. And the battery capacity is no more expensive than a gas tank or a coal bunker with a screw feed system.

The heat accumulator is able to optimize the operation of any heating system

But the main drawback of heating with electricity is the poor quality of networks and the power limit.

Conclusion

There are several other ways than to heat a house if there is no gas. For example, alternative ways to heat a house without gas are solar panels and heat pumps. But the widespread use of the first option is limited by the insufficient level of insolation in our latitudes in winter. And the only stable and effective form For a ground-to-water heat pump, the cost of equipment and installation is such that, without state support (as in some European countries), it makes it unprofitable compared to traditional heating systems.

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One of the modern heating systems without the use of natural gas is the use of innovative heating with a geothermal heat pump.

The principle of operation of a heat pump is to take low-temperature heat from the ground, water or air, convert it in the evaporator into high-temperature heat (up to 65 degrees) and transfer heat for home heating and cooking hot water. This principle can be compared with the operation of a refrigerator, only in reverse. The refrigerator takes heat from the inner chamber and transfers it to the radiator located on the back side, and the heat pump takes low-temperature heat from the environment, heats it up in the evaporator and supplies it to the heating system.

The geothermal heating system consists of three circuits:

a closed primary circuit in which propylene glycol is heated from soil or water to a temperature of 5-6 degrees. The contour (collector) of polypropylene pipes is laid horizontally in the ground below the level of freezing, vertically or obliquely in drilled wells, or on the bottom of a natural non-freezing reservoir. As you know, at depth the temperature is almost constant. all year round- about +5 degrees;
The evaporator of a heat pump, in which low-temperature heat is converted into high-temperature heat. The circuit is filled with a safe refrigerant - carbon dioxide or hydrocarbon (freon is used in refrigerators and air conditioners).
internal contour of the heating system and hot water supply of the house.

The heat pump can also be used to cool the air (as an air conditioner) during the hot season.

The system consumes little electricity, which, in principle, is used only for the operation of the compressor, which allows the use of a small mobile generator in emergency situations with electricity supply.

Heat pumps are quite efficient. So when the compressor uses 1 kW of electricity, we have 4-5 kW of thermal energy at the output, receiving 3-4 kW of free energy from the environment. Heat pump efficiency compared to gas heating– more than three times.

The rooms for the ground source heat pump system are not subject to special requirements, in contrast to the rooms for gas boilers. For the installation of the unit, any utility room is suitable, without chimneys and even ventilation - a pantry, a basement, a garage ...

Depending on the method of laying the primary circuit, the systems differ in the type of heat sources:

Let me digress a little:

An instructive story happened to my neighbor in the dacha cooperative. He installed a heat pump. The site overlooks the river and closed loop he decided to lay at the bottom of the reservoir. To save money, instead of cast-iron dubengs, which are attached to a polyethylene pipe for loading every meter, I decided to use bricks with nylon ropes.

The savings turned out to be significant, since one dubing with a clamp for fastening costs about 1 euro, and the length of the collector pipes was more than 300m.

After some time, due to poor attachment to the pipe, the weights shifted and the pipes partially floated to the surface of the water. At this time, frost hit and the first ice appeared on the river and ... fishermen, who pierced the pipes with their bald patches and gyres. The collector became unusable, and propylene glycol leaked into the river.

As a result of such "savings", the neighbor had to change the entire circuit in the spring and fill in a new coolant.

The cost and installation of a heat pump system is quite expensive. Equipment for your two-story house 6 x 8m (total area up to 100 sq.m.) will cost 4-5 thousand euros. But this type of heating pays off much faster than any other heating system.

How a heat pump works: