Effective heat: we build a fireplace stove with our own hands. How to convert a stove into a fireplace with your own hands

In modern life and interior design, fireplaces are experiencing a renaissance. Now many owners country cottages and country houses and you can't imagine a living room without a beautifully finished fireplace.

Some owners even convert already built stoves into fireplaces, but it should be admitted that this process is laborious, and therefore it will be quite difficult to cope with this task without certain skills. Therefore, before proceeding with the disassembly of the stove, all the details of the future fireplace should first be carefully considered.

How to convert a stove into a fireplace?

You'll need : plain bricks, refractory bricks, sand, cement, shelf boards, facing material.

Instructions:

1. The most in a simple way alteration of the stove under the fireplace is the installation of a Finnish glass door, instead of a cast iron door. In this case, the heating properties of the stove will remain at the same level, plus the functions of the fireplace will also appear. This option can be called the most economical, both from the financial side and in terms of labor intensity. After reinstalling the door, you can also decorate the stove in a beautiful folk style.
2. In cases where you plan to radically disassemble the stove and only then make a fireplace in this place, then you will have to perform more time-consuming work.
3. First, we disassemble the old oven to the base. At the same time, it is possible to build a fireplace podium from old bricks, on which fuel will be burned. During construction, use only cement - sand mortar... We lay a niche for firewood in the body of the podium. First, we cover them with three rows of ordinary bricks, then with refractory bricks placed on the edge.
4. On the podium we arrange a portal where the combustion process will take place. The portal is determined based on overall dimensions the room itself. So, for example, in cases with small room, it shouldn't take up too much space. We also calculate the dimensions of the furnace window. In this case, it should also be remembered that if its size turns out to be significantly larger than provided, then you can get constant drafts, and therefore hypothermia of the room itself. There will be such a fireplace and a lot of smoke.
5. We calculate the chimney smoke hole. Compared to the area of ​​the opening of the combustion part, it should be 10 - 15 times smaller. It is possible that you will even have to narrow the chimney a little.
6. The depth of the fireplace firebox is performed in relation to the height of the portal, as 1 to 2 - 2 to 3. The consequence of a shallower depth can be smoke, and a larger one - a decrease in heat transfer.
7. We block the portal opening of the fireplace with brick lintels, which we arrange along a special formwork (circle). We start work by laying the heels. We prop up the circle with temporary supports. After the support feet on the circle, we install the central brick and continue laying simultaneously from both sides. The overlap at curved vaults and the smoke collector should be no more than 6 cm.
8. Cladding can be made in the style and materials that will be included in overall design rooms. But on the mantelpiece, it is best to use treated oak boards.

V country houses expensive heating systems are rarely installed, because they are used, as a rule, only on rest days. You can quickly heat a country house on cold days with the help of a fireplace, but it heats up only during the firebox and cools down quickly, in addition, the fireplace cannot be used for cooking.

The combined fireplace stove has much more functionality - it can be used to heat small house from 1-2 rooms, cook food on the hob, and a fireplace insert with heat-resistant glass will allow you to enjoy the view of a live fire. It is quite simple to build such a fireplace stove, you can even do everything yourself if you follow the ordering diagram.

Stove - fireplace photo

Before you build a do-it-yourself fireplace stove, you need to understand its design and decide on the installation site. The presented fireplace stove has two fireboxes on opposite sides: the stove insert with a hob is installed on the side of the kitchen or kitchen compartment and is used for cooking and heating the house, the fireplace insert is on the side of the room. For safety, it is equipped with cast-iron doors with heat-resistant glass, which allows installation even on wooden dachas from a log house.

Both fireboxes can be fired at the same time thanks to the widened chimney and a system of valves, with which each chimney can be shut off separately. To improve draft and easier cleaning, ash pans with doors are equipped under both fireboxes; they are separated from the combustion chambers by grate bars.

The fireplace stove is installed on a foundation made of concrete, brick or rubble concrete. If the foundation is being erected simultaneously with the construction of the house, it is necessary to separate it from the common base with a sand or gravel cushion.

When designing a fireplace stove and chimney, it is also necessary to take into account the location of beams, rafters and other floor elements, and penetrations through them must be carried out in compliance with fire safety requirements.

Necessary materials

To build a fireplace stove in your country house, you will need:

• A strong desire to abandon the paid installation and do everything as much as possible with your own hands;
• Furnace bricks - about 8 hundred pieces;
• Clay-based heat-resistant masonry mixture –200 kg;
• Fireplace door with heat-resistant glass, size 500x500mm;
• Cast iron furnace door, 200x250 mm;
• Blowing doors, 120x250 mm and 120x120 mm;
• Three clean doors for chimney cleaning, 120x120 mm;
• Two grates for furnaces, 200x250 mm and 250x400 mm;
• Cast iron hob with burners, 410x720 mm;
• Steel corner with a shelf 40x40 mm and a steel strip 40 mm - 3 meters each;
• Steel sheet 3 mm thick and approximately 60x60 cm in size;
• Heat insulating sheets - asbestos or basalt, thickness 4 mm;
• Annealed wire for securing the doors;
• Sandwich pipe and chimney fittings;
• Boards and waterproofing roll materials for formwork;
• Concrete and rubble stone for the foundation;
• Dry construction sand, crushed stone;
• Fire-resistant flooring - tiles, porcelain stoneware, metal sheets.

When buying a brick, pay attention to its appearance: the brick should not be burnt, as evidenced by the glossy shine of its surface, or unfinished - fragile and uneven in color on the chip.

Foundations for a fireplace stove

How to make a foundation for a fireplace from monolithic concrete, described in the article "". The following describes the technology for erecting a rubble foundation - a cheaper option that requires less cement consumption for concrete.

1. The pit for the fireplace is dug in the place where it will be located, in accordance with the plan. The depth of the pit is equal to the deepening of the foundation of the building itself, the dimensions are 5-10 cm more overall dimensions hearth of the oven. The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of rubble and tamped, leveling.
2. Formwork is erected to floor level in the house from planed boards or plywood sheets, coated inside and out bituminous waterproofing, dried.
3. A large rubble stone is laid at the bottom of the pit, the space between it is covered with crushed stone with an average particle size of 50 mm.
4. A portion of the cement-sand mortar is prepared: 1 part of cement is mixed with 2-3 parts of sand, after which it is diluted with water to the state of liquid sour cream. Poured onto a layer of stone and crushed stone.
5. Prepare the next portion of the solution, lay out the stone again, fill the gaps with crushed stone and fill it with the solution. This continues to a level 5-7 cm below the floor. Upper layer leveled with cement mortar and leave the foundation for 3-7 days to gain strength.

The first layer of brick, which forms the bottom row of the hearth, is leveling. It is placed according to the scheme of the first row on a layer of waterproofing - roofing material, using a thickened layer of mortar - up to 1 cm.

Fireplace stove masonry technology

They put the fireplace stove on a heat-resistant solution based on clay and sand. Ready mixes are sold in stove stores, but if there is a quarry with good oily clay near your summer cottage, you can use it. The solution in this case is prepared as follows: the clay is soaked in a barrel of water for a week, removing foam and floating debris from the surface. Drain excess water and stir the resulting liquid solution, gradually adding sand to it until the solution begins to stick off the spatula almost immediately. If desired, add up to 10% cement or glue for porcelain stoneware to the solution, mix. After that, the solution is ready to work. It is impossible to soften the solution with cement with water, therefore, it is better to add cement in portions, in the amount of solution that you can use up in an hour and a half.

Stove masonry technology - fireplace photo

The diagram and order of the fireplace stove are shown in the figures.

Step by step laying order of the stove - fireplace

The masonry technology is as follows:

1. The first row forms underneath the oven. It can be laid from substandard bricks - chipped, cracked. In this case, be sure to use a level and align the row as much as possible.
2. In the second row, the installation of the blower doors begins. A strip of asbestos or basalt sheet must be laid between the door frame and the masonry. The frame of the door is fixed on the brick of the first row using metal pins, for example, nails, through the holes. If they don't line up with the seams, you can carefully drill through the brick in the first row. The rest of the laying is carried out according to the scheme.
3. In the third row, they continue to fix the doors with the help of a wire threaded through the holes in the sides of the frame and tucked into the seams of the masonry. In addition, on top of the third row, the grate of the fireplace insert is laid according to the scheme.
4. In the fourth row, the blower doors are closed with bricks, fixing in the same way on the wire. They put the grate of the furnace firebox. On the side, they begin to lay out the smoke channel, put a cleaning door. The solution from the inside of the flue duct is carefully smoothed by hand to avoid roughness and excessive deposition of soot and soot.

   

5. In the fifth row, they begin to install the fireplace insert door, in the same way fixing it to metal pins. It is much heavier than the blower doors, so it must be temporarily additionally secured vertically, with the help of a wire. An asbestos strip is laid between the door frame and the brick around the perimeter.
6. In the sixth row, they put the door of the furnace firebox in a similar way, and then put it according to the scheme from 6 to 8 rows. In the 9th row, the door of the furnace firebox is closed on top with a brick, the 9th and 10th rows are laid out according to the scheme.
7. A hob must be laid on a brick of 11 rows. Therefore, the brick is first laid out dry, adjusted, the position of the slab is marked with a marker, after which the brick is removed and, with the help of a grinder, grooves are made for laying the slab so that it lies flush with the brick.
8. In the 12th row, the door of the fireplace insert is laid on top with a brick, not forgetting to fasten it to the holes in the frame with wire. A steel corner is laid on top of the brick according to the scheme. Rows 13 to 15 are laid according to the scheme.

   

   Laying 12 rows of bricks for the stove - fireplace

9. In the 16th row, they begin to make an arch above the hob, for this, in accordance with the scheme, a corner and a steel strip are laid in the front part above it. At 17, bricks are laid on top of them, and next to them again a steel strip to support the arch. In the 18th row, it is completely laid with bricks, and in the place where the valves are installed they put steel sheet 3 mm thick. A piece of steel angle is fixed to the side of the brick in accordance with the diagram - it serves as a support for the valve.
10. In row 19 between the bricks, grooves are made slightly larger than the thickness of the metal of the valves - about 5 mm, the valves are made according to the scheme and put in place, checking the overlap of the smoke channels. Install two more cleaning doors.
11. In the 20th row, a steel strip is installed above the smaller valve. Laying is continued according to the scheme. In row 21, a steel strip is laid on top of the masonry - the chimney will rest on it.
12. From the 22nd row, the laying of the chimney begins: the smoke channels narrow and gradually overlap. The masonry is carried out according to the scheme from 22 to 26 rows, in which a common valve is installed on a frame made of a steel corner.
13. The furnace is overlapped - rows 27 and 28, after which they proceed to the chimney. It is laid according to the scheme of 29 rows with a dressing, shifting the rows by half a brick, to the desired height. For the device of a complex chimney, you can use a heat-insulated pipe of the "sandwich" type and various adapters, elbows, penetrations and support elements.
14. After the end of the masonry, the fireplace stove is dried until dry masonry mortar, after which they slowly begin to drown.

    

    Finished stove - brick fireplace

The presented design of the fireplace stove is universal: it will help you quickly warm up in cold weather when kindling the fireplace, cook food, and also heat the house well due to the long smoke channel, when passing through which the smoke heats up the bricks. The heat output from such a stove is much higher than from a conventional fireplace, and this will allow you to spend less firewood, while enjoying the view and warmth of the fire.

Video instruction: oven - do-it-yourself fireplace

Each owner of a country house seeks to organize comfort in his home. An open or closed hearth of flame creates a special atmosphere, which will have a calming effect and warm in the colder months. In order to make the heat source safe and efficient, you can build a corner fireplace stove with your own hands. This will require drawings of such a structure and brickwork skills.

What is a fireplace stove, its advantages and disadvantages

A fireplace stove is an aggregate or capital structure made of fire-resistant materials that accumulates heat from the hearth of the flame in the combustion chamber.

These structures are most often used as sources of heat and comfortable interior elements in summer cottages, country houses and private households.

Fireplace stoves have a number of advantages and disadvantages, which are expressed in the following criteria:

Table: advantages and disadvantages of fireplace stoves

Design features and principle of operation

The design of the fireplace stove consists of two main elements - a combustion chamber and a chimney system. The degree of efficiency and productivity of the heating structure depends on how accurately the ratios of their parameters are calculated.

The principle of operation of the fireplace stove is that the flame in the combustion chamber burns when the chimney is open (at the upper end). Fume extraction is carried out under the influence of a draft, the power of which depends on the length of the pipe. Effective heat radiation occurs during the combustion of the furnace material, but when it burns, the heating is significantly reduced. To increase heat transfer, the fireplace stove is equipped with a convection chamber. This modernization allows air to circulate from the room to the inside, and the heated air - back.

Like any capital structure, the fireplace stove has a solid base.

In order to fire safety the structure is equipped with an underfloor platform. It is placed on the floor in front of the fireplace. For this, non-combustible materials are used - metal, stone, refractory bricks or tiles.

In accordance with fire safety standards, such a platform should be made 30–35 cm wider than the perimeter of the fireplace stove.

Above the platform is the ash pan cavity and the fuel chamber. The space between these compartments is equipped with a grate. This increases the efficiency of the heating structure, since a place is formed under the burning fuel material for the discharge of the burnt material.

Constructions with a closed combustion chamber are equipped with a special blower, thanks to which you can change the heat power inside the fireplace-stove. This makes it possible to extend the burning time, thereby saving fuel material.

All surfaces of the fireplace stove, which are in contact with an open flame, are laid out with fire-resistant materials. This is necessary, since the temperature in these parts of the fireplace reaches, and sometimes even exceeds, + 1000 ° C.

To enhance the heat radiation, the back wall of the fireplace stove is equipped with sheets of stainless steel or cast iron. For greater heat transfer, the rear wall of the combustion chamber is built obliquely forward. Thanks to this, heat flows are directed towards the platform, additionally heating the floors.

A smoke collection chamber (hailo) is installed above the combustion chamber. She has irregular shape, resembling a truncated pyramid, in front of which there is a special barrier. This barrier prevents cold air currents from mixing with combustion products, and also prevents smoke from entering the room.

The rear wall of the smoke collection chamber is equipped with a special protrusion (fireplace tooth) that keeps the accumulated gas from entering the room.

The chimney tooth prevents soot from falling out into the combustion chamber. To clean this area of ​​the fireplace stove, a door is installed near it.

The smoke collection compartment (hailo) and the chimney system are separated by a metal damper. This element serves to block the path of warm flows from the room to the outside, after the firewood has burned out. The valve is also used to adjust the draft.

The chimney pipe is erected according to the same principle as in other heating structures. To ensure good draft, its height should be at least 500 cm from the base of the combustion chamber.

Calculation of basic parameters

The efficiency of the fireplace stove depends on the correct calculation of the parameters of all its elements. The discrepancy in the calculations will lead to the fact that the heat transfer will significantly decrease or part of the smoke from the combustion chamber will go out into the room. Therefore, for the construction correct design fireplace stove, the following rules must be observed:

1. The size of the combustion chamber window should not exceed 2–3% of the area of ​​the heated room.
2. To determine the area of ​​the bottom surface, it is necessary to multiply the square of the combustion chamber window by 0.7.
3. It is recommended to make the width of the combustion chamber in the range from 20 to 40% more than its height.
4. To calculate the depth of the combustion chamber, multiply the parameter of its height by 0.7.
5. It is recommended to make the diameter or cross-section of the chimney at least 10% of the square of the furnace window. At the same time, its channel is not recommended to be made smaller: 150x280 mm for a brick structure, with a diameter of 160 mm for a pipe.
6. The chimney must be laid out in such a way that it is conical.

In order not to be mistaken in the calculations, you can use ready-made tables and projects of such structures.

Calculation of bricks

To obtain an accurate calculation of bricks, it is necessary to use ready-made ordering schemes. Quantity building material depends on the specific design of the fireplace stove. In the proposed schemes, half or less of the material should be considered as whole bricks. Moreover, their total number must be multiplied by 1.2.

The resulting value will make it possible to purchase material with a small margin. This is necessary, as bricks can be damaged during transportation or unloading, and some of them may be defective.

For the construction of a fireplace stove erected according to the scheme below, you will need about 360 pieces of red bricks and about 60 pieces of fireclay bricks.

Calculation of the foundation and mortar for masonry

When calculating the mortar for masonry, one should be guided by the fact that with a layer thickness of 3 mm, one bucket of mixture for 50 bricks is required.

Knowing the parameters of the material used, it is easy to calculate how much concrete and sand will be required to install the slab base.

The foundation for the corner fireplace stove will be in the form of a cylinder sector, the angle of which is 45 degrees.

To calculate the volume of concrete of this form, you need to recall the school geometry course, namely the formula for finding the volume of a cylinder, which looks like this: V = πR²h, where π is a mathematical constant expressing the ratio of the circumference to the length of the diameter, equal to 3.14, R is the radius, h is the height of the figure.

The length of each side right angle figures can be easily calculated by knowing the parameters of the brick.

According to the layout of the rows of the fireplace stove, it can be seen that these sides have 3 lengths of the bed side of the brick and one length of the butt side. For example, it looks like this: 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.12 = 0.87 m. The foundation for the fireplace stove must be made on each side 10 cm larger than the structure itself: 0.87 + 0.1 = 0.97 m.

For example, the height of the foundation will be 10 cm.

Now you need to substitute values ​​for the formula to find the volume of the cylinder. The result obtained must be divided by 4, since the sector of the cylinder has its fourth part. The formula will be as follows: V = (π · R² · h): 4. Substitute the values: 3.14 · 0.97² · 0.1 = 3.14 · 0.94 · 0.1 = 0.295: 4 = 0.073 m³ of concrete mixture will be required to fill the foundation of this shape.

Video: brick corner fireplace

Required materials and tools

No special equipment is required to build a fireplace stove. All the tools necessary for this can be found at each owner:

1. Bayonet and shovel.
2. Large scrap.
3. Manual a circular saw.
4. Hacksaw.
5. Building level.
6. Yardstick.
7. Plumb line.
8. Large square.
9. Rule for leveling a concrete base.
10. Tanks for water and masonry mixture.
11. Deep vibrator.
12. Trowel.
13. Mallet with rubber striker.
14. Pliers.
15. Hammer.

To make the foundation fill, you will need the following materials:

1. Waterproofing material. You can use roofing felt or thick polyethylene.
2. For the manufacture of a reinforcing lattice - reinforcing bars with a cross section of 0.8 cm.
3. Sand.
4. Fine-grained (from 20 to 30 mm) crushed stone or large screenings from granite.
5. For the manufacture of formwork - edged boards, plywood or OSB boards.
6. Concrete mix of M 300 or M 400 brands.
7. Nails and self-tapping screws for reinforcing the formwork.
8. Wire or plastic clamps for fastening reinforcing rods.
9. Fireclay brick of SHA grade 8 standard parameters.
10. M 150 red refractory brick in regular sizes.
11. Facing material.
12. Cement.
13. Clay.
14. Metal corners made of steel with a shelf width of 50x50 or 60x60 mm.
15. Metal gate valve.
16. Heat-resistant insulating material made of asbestos or basalt.

It is convenient to use as a masonry mixture finished material from building stores. Such mixtures are specialized for the construction of such structures.

Preparatory work, choice of location

For a fireplace stove of this shape, there are not so many places for installation. However, even from four corners the correct location must be selected.

For a fireplace stove, it is best suited large room or a hall with an area of ​​at least 20 m2, since for its full-fledged work it is necessary large volume air.

Furnace experts recommend building corner fireplaces near interior walls rooms. This is due to the fact that the fireplace, with this arrangement, does not lose its heating capacity, and problems with the operation of the chimney system are also excluded.

It should be noted that the fireplace stove should not be installed near doors and windows, since strong air currents arise between the combustion chamber and the opening, which can lead to loss of heat radiation or fire.

If the fireplace stove is equipped with a combustion chamber closed type, then the thrust inside the structure will be constant regardless of the location.

Do-it-yourself fireplace stove: step by step instructions

It is most convenient to lay the foundation for the fireplace stove at the stage of pouring the strip foundation for the house. If the house has already been built, then the installation of the foundation will be preceded by the dismantling of the floor covering.

It should be noted that concrete base for heating structures cannot be connected to the foundation of a residential building. A distance of 50 to 100 mm must be left between the bases. If we neglect this, then massive construction at home will shrink over time. As a result, the elements of the fireplace stove will be displaced or deformed, forming cracks and gaps. The integrity of the structure will be compromised, affecting its functionality and performance.

Laying the foundation

To lay the foundation, you must perform the following steps:

1. In the room of the house, in the place of the future location of the fireplace stove, make a marking. To do this, mark the dimensions of the foundation on the wall with a marker.
2. Disassemble flooring... Using a plumb line and a building level, extend the markings down.
3. Do not remove the wooden logs at this stage, until the foundation of the fireplace stove is brought up to their level.
4. Using the same tools and markings on the wall, determine the exact location of the base on the basement floor of the house.
5. Using crowbars and shovels, disassemble the floor to the foundation of the house.
6. Dig a pit, equal in depth to the base of the house, 10-15 cm wide than the design of the fireplace stove. If sandy or sandy loam soil prevails at the construction site, then the walls of the pit may crumble. To avoid this, it is necessary to cover them with polyethylene.
7. Smooth out and thoroughly tamp the bottom of the pit.
8. Fill up with sand so that a layer thickness of 10 cm is obtained. It should be noted that wet sand is better compressed.
9. Pour the same layer of gravel on top of the sand cushion.
10. From boards or plywood sheets, make a formwork for pouring the foundation.
11. Drive one into each corner of the pit wooden block... Formwork panels will be fixed to them. If the formwork is made of boards, then there will be gaps between them, through which the earth will pour out. To avoid this problem, you need to wrap the finished shield in polyethylene.
12. Use roofing material or thick polyethylene to make waterproofing.
13. From reinforcing rods with a cross section of 0.8 cm, make a reinforcing frame for a concrete base. The width of its cells should be no more than 10x10 cm. The intersections of the metal rods should be fixed with wire, electric welding or plastic clamps. All metal structure should not lie on the waterproofing. Therefore, it can be placed on halves or fragments of bricks.
14. Fill concrete mix M300 or M 400 brands inside the formwork. Using a deep vibrator, remove air bubbles from the uncured substrate. The liquid concrete must completely cover the protruding parts of the reinforcement cage.
15. Cover the foundation with waterproofing material. This will allow the concrete to cure evenly. After 3-4 weeks, the base will completely harden.
16. Now you need to saw off wooden logs floor. Their ends will be located on the foundation of the fireplace stove.
17. The base is ready for laying brick rows.

Masonry mix preparation

Hardware stores abound in a variety of mortars and heat-resistant mixtures for laying stoves, fireplaces and other heating structures. However, experienced oven specialists recommend resorting to the old and proven method - using for this purpose clay solution. To do this, you need to use clay of fatty varieties, the best of which is blue clay.

When dry, blue clay does not crack.

The material is pre-soaked in water for a couple of days. During this time, the clay becomes viscous. Its consistency will resemble liquid curd with lumps. In order for the material to have a homogeneous structure, it is filtered through a coarse sieve, kneading the lumps.

The prepared clay will allow you to make a masonry joint with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm.

To obtain a solution, you need to add sand to the clay. For this, it is recommended to use a large river sand, which is added before the start of the brickwork.

To determine the quality of the resulting solution and the correct proportion, the material is rolled into a ball the size of a medium-sized apple. Then it is placed between two planks and slowly squeezed. During this process, cracks in the clay are monitored:

• if they appeared immediately after squeezing, this indicates a large amount of sand in the solution;
• if the ball is compressed to half its height, and cracks have not appeared, this indicates a lack of sand;
• the proportions of sand and clay are considered ideal if cracks appear when the ball is compressed by 1/3.

Step-by-step instructions: features of brickwork

In order not to get confused in the rows of masonry, even experienced stove-makers do it first without a solution. It will not be superfluous to print the ordering diagram.

Before proceeding with the brickwork, it is necessary to cover the concrete base with waterproofing, and only after that they begin to build a fireplace stove. This process consists of several stages:

1. It should be noted that the first rows must be made perfectly even, as they will become the basis for the entire structure. As shown in the diagram - they are laid out in a continuous layer. Using a square, a plumb line and a building level - achieve strict perpendicularity. Before laying, bricks must be soaked in water for 1.5 - 2 hours.
2. The second and third row forms a place for storing flue material. This niche is covered with two rows of bricks with a small (up to 3 cm) overlap of the upper masonry from the front side of the fireplace stove.
3. Lay out the fuel chamber base from the fifth row. To do this, use fireclay brick... The depth of the chamber will be 460 mm. Hailo fireplace stove has dimensions (630x490 mm).
4. From the sixth to the eighth row, build up the walls of the fireplace stove with a slope back side furnaces. That slope in the future will form a stone tooth. At this stage, you will need a hand-held circular saw with discs to cut the stone. On the ordering diagram, incomplete or sawn bricks are visible.
5. From the ninth to the eleventh row, build up the walls of the fireplace stove in accordance with the diagram.
6. In the twelfth row, lay two steel corners 60 cm long. The shelves of the corners must be placed inside the chamber, horizontally to its base.
7. The thirteenth and fourteenth rows form the front overlap of the firebox window. The bricks should be laid on the spoon side, while the fireclay material should be placed on the inside of the combustion chamber.
8. The fifteenth row forms the transition from the firebox to the chimney system. At this stage, the smoke tooth is formed and the back wall is built.
9. The sixteenth and seventeenth rows form the shelf of the fireplace stove, therefore, the bricks must be laid out with an external shift.
10. From the eighteenth to the twentieth row, the design provides for a narrowing. In this step, a smoke collection chamber is formed.
11. From the twenty-first to the twenty-fourth row, the chimney is laid out.
12. From twenty-fifth to twenty-seventh - an increase in the transitional section of the chimney. At this stage, a metal valve is mounted.
13. Subsequent orders determine the height of the chimney.

Chimney installation features

The inner surface of the chimney is a straight channel, but its outer part has design features.

At the intersection of the floor beam, the chimney has an expansion. This design element is important as it reduces the temperature of the effluent streams. As a result, there is no need to make additional thermal insulation in this place.

At the level of the intersection of the roof, the chimney expands. This feature prevents brickwork from harmful effects atmospheric precipitation.

The flue duct is also protected by a metal cap. It is recommended to equip the chimney with a spark arrestor.

Features of operation

When operating a fireplace stove, you should adhere to the basic rules:

1. Before kindling the fireplace, make sure that there is a draft. To do this, slide out the metal slide. If there is no draft or it goes in the opposite direction, this is a sign of clogging of the grates, air holes or the entire chimney system.
2. If the stove-fireplace has not been used for a long time, then before kindling it is necessary to remove the cold airlock in the chimney system. To do this, light a piece of paper or a bundle of straw near the gas channel. After a while, cravings will appear. After that, you can use the fireplace.
3. It is better to use aspen, birch, oak, beech or hornbeam firewood as a heating material. Aspen firewood is especially valuable, since when they are burned, the amount of carbon deposits is minimized. The smoke of this wood species is able to clean the chimney channels from soot. Furnace experts advise using aspen firewood for every tenth kindling.
4. Conifers contain resins, so it is convenient to use shavings, wood chips, as well as spruce and pine cones for kindling.
5. It is impractical to put a lot of firewood in the combustion chamber. The best option download 1/3 of its part.
6. The room in which the fireplace stove is located must be well ventilated. For this, the room is equipped with a ventilation system.
7. If the fireplace stove is used constantly, then the soot should be cleaned after each heating season. If the stove is heated several times a month, cleaning can be done once every two to three years.

The fireplace stove will become a key element of the interior of the room. The warm and comfortable atmosphere will be unforgettable on cold winter evenings. It is functional heating facility will become the main recreation area of ​​your home.

You can alter the stove with your own hands, however, for this you need to understand the features of dismantling the old structure, the stages of building a new fireplace and its decoration.

The stove inherited from the grandmother can be re-planned with your own hands into the fireplace. Practice has shown that a fireplace, built from the previous stove, practically does not differ in operational characteristics- it also copes well with space heating. From this article, you will learn how you can reschedule a Russian stove into a modern fireplace.

What points should you pay attention to?

There are two ways to remake the stove: call specialists or build a fireplace with your own hands. When reworking yourself, attention should be paid to:

• Condition of the old heating structure. Special attention we draw on the chimney - it should pass smoke well and not have problems with the cross section;
• The old stove door does not fit modern fireplaces, so it will have to be redone. For redesigned equipment, you need to make a fire-resistant glass lattice or glass door;
• Examine the stove body. The absence of defects means that this part of it need not be altered. It should be noted that even small cracks in the stove body are considered irreparable defects, which, of course, need to be repaired.

Conversion options

The simplest way to rework is considered to be the construction extension method. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that the old stove will have to be well cleaned, and the equipment itself will have to be made more modern - to replace the outdated finishing material with a new one.

The biggest difficulties arise with the redevelopment of the firebox of the old furnace. Experts advise using cast iron plates or fire-resistant bricks to cover the firebox.

Redesigning the oven completely is the most difficult task. Work begins with a complete dismantling of the entire structure. Then the foundation is considered. If its quality meets modern requirements, then it need not be dismantled. The old and cracked foundation will have to be redone.

It is worth noting that the complete dismantling of the building must also be carried out correctly:

• The superstructure is completely dismantled from ceiling to floor;
• Whole and good bricks set aside (in the process of building a new structure, they can be used);
• Dismantling old oven should not be accompanied by strong destruction of nearby walls and interior items;
• Keep a close eye on the old firebox. During the dismantling process, be careful not to damage its doors or chambers. The damaged equipment will have to be thrown away and replaced with new ones.

Conversion instructions

Converting a stove into a fireplace can only be done with the required tools and materials. Required tools: grinder, heavy hammer, trowel, trowel, building level. Necessary materials: 3-4 bags of cement, several buckets of clay, facing tiles, fire-resistant brick, metal pipe.

Fireplace stove, fireplace stove. what is this construction?

The fireplace is built strictly according to the drawing. The first step is to make space for laying the podium. At this stage, you can redo the old foundation or build a small setup out of bricks.

Sequencing

During the redevelopment of the stove in the future fireplace, it is recommended to install tempered glass doors. Due to this material, you can increase the heat transfer of the future. heating equipment by 20-30%.

Fireplace decoration

To give the constructed structure a presentable look, it needs to be remade to meet modern requirements. If the old stoves did not need facing materials, then it is advisable to plaster or repair the built fireplace ceramic tiles... Do not forget about the base of the oven. It can be decorated with decorative doors made of metal or fire-resistant glass.

It should be noted that the finishing of the firebox is not accompanied exclusively by decorative works... Also, do not forget about safety - it is better to cover the floor around the heating equipment with ceramic tiles or other non-combustible material. The wall behind the stove is also covered with ceramic tiles or modern non-combustible materials.

Outcomes

As you can see, the oven is re-planned in several ways: simple and complex. It is clear that difficult way is resource-intensive and time-consuming, but well worth it. The equipped equipment will become a source of pride for the owners and a source of warmth and home comfort.

Video: Russian stove

Today, in country houses, ordinary stoves can no longer be found as often as before, since there are more modern systems heating and cooking. In the first place are fireplaces, which can perform almost the same functions, but their appearance is more decorative. The fireplace can be placed in any room: in bedrooms, living rooms, halls. Such a hearth gives more comfort, gives a soft warmth, which quickly heats up a small house.

How to make a fireplace durable and comfortable? It should be noted right away that the work is distinguished not only by its complexity, but also by significant financial costs. It is required to invite a professional master. You can save a lot if you buy a ready-made metal fireplace that requires only an external decorative finishing, but this option cannot be called the best.

Sometimes when buying country house it so happens that there is already an ordinary Russian stove in it, which in its own way direct appointment not used. In this case, on the basis of this stove, you can make a fireplace with your own hands. Such alteration consists in assessing the condition of the furnace, determining the work plan that may be needed. As a rule, expansion of the firebox, installation of a door and a new chimney is most often required.

What to look for when remodeling a stove?

When reworking the furnace, it is imperative to perform the following preparatory steps:

1. Checking, assessing the state of the structure of the furnace and chimney. This is done without fail, since further safety of use depends on the quality. There should be good passability at the chimney, since the fireplace simply will not work without draft. The section must be at least the size of one brick. Otherwise, the thrust will be very low, completely insufficient. Usually, the chimney is immediately dismantled, after which a new one is installed in its place.
2. The stove has a small firebox; this is not enough for a fireplace. This means that during the reconstruction, the size of the firebox should be increased to required size... You can install a glass door that will cover the firebox, ensuring the safety of using the structure. But this door is not obligatory, it is not necessary to specially mount it.
3. It is required to carefully inspect the body of the structure. If it is intact, there are no cracks, traces of deformation, numerous falling bricks on it, then there is no need to disassemble it. It is better to decorate the surface of the case after all the work, making it more attractive.

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Options for converting the stove into a fireplace

How is a fireplace made from a stove? There are several options here, much depends on the initial state of the structure. The simplest option for making a fireplace out of an old stove is that you just need to update the firebox, expand it a little to an acceptable size, and then put a special glass door, which is also called Finnish.

This option is the simplest, there is no need to make changes to the design, it remains the same, but the oven itself must be cleaned. The new door will make the structure as similar as possible to a fireplace, and if it is also done decorative cladding, for example, with the help of tiles or marble tiles, then the similarity with the fireplace will be maximum.

It is important not to forget that the fireplace is not fired with coal, only dry firewood, special wood briquettes are used for it, sawdust is almost never used, although they can be taken for kindling.

There are still options for how to make a fireplace from a conventional stove. The most expensive and difficult one is disassembling the old structure and assembling a new one. First, the furnace is dismantled, after which it is required to inspect the base, it may be necessary to add new sand. After that, a layer of waterproofing from roofing felt is laid on the surface, a new masonry is made according to the selected scheme.

The work process in this case looks like this:

1. The old furnace is dismantled, the base is inspected for damage.
2. Performed brickwork a podium, which is necessary to protect the base from high temperatures when burning firewood.
3. According to the prepared scheme, the laying of the fireplace is performed, which is no different from the usual one. For this, special furnace and refractory bricks are used. The firebox itself can have different sizes, it is recommended to install a glass door, which will not only increase heat transfer, but also make the use of the fireplace safer. The floor around such a structure must be laid out using a refractory material, for example, ceramic or stone tiles... The surface of the fireplace is decorated with different finishing materials Of the most stylish, it is necessary to note the tiled tiles, which are ideal for any interior.

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Conversion instructions

Converting a stove into a fireplace is not required so often, usually such work is planned when there is already a stove in the house, but it is used extremely rarely. Having spent not so much time and money, you can make a beautiful and stylish fireplace from such a stove, which will not only heat the house, but also become a real decoration for any interior. Stoves are not so difficult to convert into decorative structures.

Often such stoves are located in kitchens, in central rooms, they do not take up much space, but their appearance is not always aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, you can safely take on the alteration and use the fireplace as additional source for heating the room.

To convert the oven into a comfortable and beautiful fireplace, you need to prepare the following tools and materials:

• stove brick and refractory, its volume depends on how much the stove will have to be redone as much as possible;
• building level;
• Bulgarian;
• cement;
• clay masonry mortar;
• finished chimney pipe (if the old one has to be completely removed);
• Master OK;
• putty knife;
• cladding tiles;
• glass door for the fireplace.

Before you start converting the stove into a fireplace, it is necessary to take into account that the fireplace is heated differently. Only special wood briquettes or dry firewood are suitable. Therefore, it is recommended to immediately take care of the fact that there is always a certain amount of fuel.

All the specified materials and tools should be prepared, an individual drawing of the future fireplace should be drawn up. Appearance it depends on the original oven. It is imperative to inspect the furnace, find out how well the body is made, in what condition the foundation is. If everything is in perfect order, then you should not disassemble the already standing structure, the work is carried out on the material that is. There should be a gap of 25 cm between the common foundation of the house floor and the base for the stove, it is completely covered with sand.

At the firebox, the depth should be 50 cm, the body inside the furnace must be lined with refractory bricks.

If all the conditions meet the required ones, then it is necessary to proceed to the inspection of the chimney, as it may have to be rebuilt. For fireplaces, the requirements for chimneys differ from those for stoves, the height should be from 7 m, the cross section should be at least 13 * 25 cm. It is necessary to have special channels that will control the air flows along the doors inside the structure. This will prevent soot from constantly settling on the door glass. A variant of the converted furnace structure can be seen in the figure. IMAGE 1.