How to insulate a wall in an apartment. The best insulation for walls inside an apartment: tips and installation

Construction market does not stand still. Today in specialized stores you can find a wide range of materials intended for internal insulation walls How to choose from the whole variety of heat insulators what is best suited for a residential premises, warehouse, office building or premises for other purposes?

Choice optimal option, first of all, should be focused on achieving the primary goal - increasing the indoor air temperature during the cold season. But, besides this, it is important to take into account the environmental friendliness of the material and its ability to create an optimal microclimate. After all, if you treat internal insulation without proper preparation, then all the work will only lead to aggravation of the situation: the appearance of excessive dampness, the formation of fungi and a layer of mold on the walls and ceiling.

Each of the proposed insulation options has its own installation features, disadvantages and advantages in application. It is worth dwelling on the issue of choosing a heat insulator in more detail.

Each of the proposed insulation options has its own installation features

Parameters that the material used to insulate the apartment from the inside must meet:

Thermal conductivity. If the thermal conductivity of the material is high, the insulation layer must be larger, which leads to a decrease in room area and an increase in cost. The ability to retain heat is one of the key parameters that you need to focus on when deciding what is the best way to insulate an apartment.
Strength, resistance to mechanical damage. The use of brittle material reduces the service life of the insulation, and also increases the cost and time required to complete the work.
Environmental friendliness. When insulating a residential apartment, it is advisable to choose a harmless material. After all, wall insulation for an apartment or residential building must be safe and not emit harmful substances.
Vapor permeability. Taking this indicator into account, you can avoid many problems associated with increased humidity in the apartment.
Biostability. This indicator assesses the ability of a material to resist the spread and attack of biological organisms such as fungi. In addition to external manifestations, microorganisms contribute to the destruction of the material and the loss of its original properties.
Economical. Naturally, you don’t want to spend extra money on insulating the walls in your apartment, but you shouldn’t save too much in this matter either.

Different materials have their own operational characteristics and differ in certain parameters. Therefore, before you go to the store, you should familiarize yourself with these characteristics. After all, the answer to the question of which insulation to choose for the walls depends not only on the warmth and comfort in the apartment, but also on its suitability for comfortable living.

Styrofoam

Today this thermal insulation material is most popular due to several of its advantages:

proven effectiveness. Polystyrene foam has low thermal conductivity, which allows it to retain heat well, and low vapor and water permeability, which does not allow liquid to accumulate inside the insulation;
low cost compared to other materials;
ease of installation. Foam does not require installation additional frames, attached by gluing to a pre-plastered surface;
versatility. This material is suitable for both interior and exterior work; it creates a reliable thermal insulation barrier for ceilings, walls, roofs, floors, and ceilings between floors.

Penoplex plates

This material has several names: expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, and is considered a higher quality “relative” of its fellow polystyrene foam.

What distinguishes penoplex from polystyrene foam:

the fine-cell structure allows for better heat retention and protection from cold penetration;
increased strength. Under heavy loads, the slabs do not deform, but are easily cut with a knife. Due to its strength, this material is good for use both for insulation from the inside in a private home and for exterior work;
long service life. The guaranteed period of time during which penoplex will retain its properties is 50 years;
penoplex is resistant to mold formation, rodents do not like it. In addition, this material does not emit toxic substances when burned, like foam plastic, which gives it an additional advantage for insulating walls indoors;
To decide how to insulate the wall of your apartment from the inside, it’s worth paying attention to the cost of penoplex. It is higher than the price of polystyrene foam, but quite justified.

Minvata

This type of insulation belongs to the category of mineral materials and has been used in construction for quite a long time. Compared to its newer counterparts, it has a number of disadvantages, but due to its effectiveness and low cost, it still remains a fairly popular material.

Features of mineral wool:

Exposure to mechanical damage- a significant drawback. By doing interior works It is important to take into account that glass wool fibers fly apart easily. The master should take this into account and equip himself properly. If you decide to work with the material yourself, do not neglect protective equipment: goggles, a respirator, gloves, as well as clothing that protects the body well. In addition, the owners need to completely empty the insulated room of furniture or objects that can retain glass wool fibers.
The cost of this material is quite low, which explains the feasibility of its use.
Compared to polystyrene foam, the thermal conductivity of mineral wool is higher, so it retains heat less well.
Mounting feature. To install glass wool, it is not necessary to plaster the surface of the insulated wall, but you need to install a frame to fix the material. You also need to provide a layer of vapor barrier. Usually this is a thick film that completely covers the insulation layer. It is tightly attached to the floor, frame and ceiling.
When insulating with glass wool, more usable area of the room is consumed. That is why mineral wool is the answer to the question: how to insulate the walls inside an apartment.

Thanks to continuous developments, today it is possible to insulate a wall even with plaster. The technology of plastering for the purpose of insulating internal walls is thought out to the smallest detail. Nuances that are important to consider when choosing this method insulation:

It is necessary to apply 3 layers. The first of which is spray. The liquid solution is applied to the wall in a layer of 5-10mm. This is done to ensure that the material fills all the cracks. The second layer is 50-60 mm and is applied in three stages. This is the longest process, since each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has dried. The finishing layer is most often laid at a thickness of 3-5 mm. Its purpose is to completely level the wall and create a flat surface. The solution for this layer is sand diluted in water, which is rubbed into the base layer.
The advantage of this type of insulation is durability and resistance to mechanical damage.
The disadvantage is the higher cost compared to foam plastic and the greater complexity and duration of the work.
Plastering retains heat weaker compared to foam-type materials.

Polyurethane foam

This type of insulation is a dense foam that is applied directly to the wall by spraying. To work with this material, you do not need to carry out additional preparation of the wall; it is enough to mount the frame and fill it with material. Polyurethane foam is one of the latest developments in the construction industry, which boasts many advantages:

ease of use. Polyurethane foam is quite easy to work with, even for novice craftsmen. The time required to complete the work is less than when plastering.
does not require waterproofing, as it does not allow water to pass through and does not get wet like mineral wool.
low thermal conductivity, as a result, the material retains heat well inside the apartment.
has good adhesion to any surface, so that it forms one whole with the wall. Can even be applied to the ceiling.
allows you to insulate walls of any configuration, since the application method does not provide for the formation of seams and cracks.

Cork wallpaper is also a novelty in the field of insulation. Let's look at some aspects:

environmental friendliness. If you are deciding what is the best way to insulate a room from an environmentally friendly point of view, then this material will completely satisfy you;
saving usable space. The use of wallpaper will not take away many centimeters from the total area of the room or balcony, since they are relatively thin;
low ability to retain heat. A plus for saving space is a minus when it comes to thermal insulation characteristics. Due to the fact that the layer is quite thin, it is not enough to fully insulate the building;
attractive decorative finish;
ease of use will allow you to insulate the apartment yourself, which in turn will save considerable money.

How to insulate the walls in each specific case depends on the location of the building being insulated, the initial budget, the area of the apartment, minimum temperatures in the cold season and other characteristics. Having familiarized yourself with the characteristics of insulating materials, you can make your home or apartment warm and cozy without the involvement of qualified workers.

If you have to pay large sums for heating or the apartment is cold and damp, then there is a clear problem that the heat is not retained inside. The most logical thing would be to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside, and the common man associates this with complex installation work. However, it is not always necessary to use any special tools.

Pros and cons of insulating an apartment from the inside

Professional builders never tire of arguing about how to insulate the walls in an apartment. Some of them claim that insulating from the inside is a waste of money, while others claim that thermal insulation material brings good results. However, both agree that insulating walls from the outside is much more effective than from the inside.

But how to insulate a wall in an apartment for those who live in high-rise buildings where thin walls freeze through in the winter? After all, it is often simply impossible to insulate such a house from the outside. In addition, it is impossible to insulate houses in the historical center, when the apartment is located close to the elevator shaft, and there are many other reasons that serve as contraindications to this species insulation. Therefore, there is only one option left, the pros and cons of which have long been known.

The disadvantages of insulation inside most often include:

on average, the area of the apartment is reduced by 0.5–2 square meters;
During the work it is necessary to completely vacate the premises;
it is necessary to provide many additional measures: ventilation, heat insulator protection, etc.;
the formation of fungus or mold.

The advantages of this type of insulation are:

low cost;
the ability to carry out work at any time of the year;
accessibility (you can install it yourself).

The good news is that if you carry out insulation in compliance with all the rules, you can avoid most of the stated disadvantages.

How to avoid destruction of interior decoration?

Before you begin to deal with the consequences of improper insulation, you should understand the causes of the problems.

At a certain temperature, water vapor condenses from the air. This temperature is called the “construction dew point”, upon reaching which Condensation occurs on cooled surfaces, that is, droplets of water.

According to the standards, the air temperature in residential premises should be no less than 22 and no more than 27 degrees Celsius. In this case, the dew point is 10.7 degrees Celsius. Simply put, if you insulate the walls and they reach the dew point, condensation will definitely appear. Where exactly it will be depends on many factors. For example, if it is cold outside, it will move further from the facade.

Condensation negates the insulation effect, moreover, mold appears on the walls. This means task number one is dry walls. It is quite possible to achieve this, the main thing is to follow a few rules:

for insulation choose the materials yourself High Quality , when connecting vapor barrier film, seal the joints;
pay attention to the vapor permeability of the insulation; the lower it is, the better. If the wall’s vapor permeability is higher than that of the heat insulator, then the steam will go outside;
When gluing the insulation, it should not lag behind the wall. To do this, it is best to use a comb;
install valves on windows to reduce indoor humidity;
calculate the thickness of the insulating layer taking into account the characteristics of the climate zone. The insulation should be no thinner than this value;
before insulation treat the walls special composition , which prevents the appearance of mold and mildew. Start insulating after the walls are dry.

It is worth considering that where the floors connect to load-bearing walls, insulation is impossible. A thermal insulator is applied to these places using a vapor barrier, then they are masked using false columns, etc.

How to choose insulation?

Every year they produce more and more new ones building materials. Some of them are suitable for insulating apartments, but there are three proven insulation materials, the pros and cons of which have been well studied:

mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene;
polyurethane foam.

Many of us have heard that it is possible to insulate an apartment from the inside using mineral wool. It's not surprising, because This material is quite easy to work with: just put it inside plasterboard construction. Most often, the work is done quickly, the cheapest material is chosen, and vapor barrier is neglected. The result is the same: more harm than good. Ordinary mineral wool in rolls has a very low thermal resistance coefficient.

The positive thing is that it seems to “breathe.” On the other hand, moisture penetrates through the wool fibers to the dew point, and then it is absorbed into the material. Of course, there are more expensive and quality options, but if you insulate with ordinary cheap mineral wool, then it does not guarantee dryness.

To reduce the risk of moisture penetration, You shouldn’t skimp on vapor barrier and glue with the highest quality glue. If smudges or, especially fungus, appear on the walls, then all the insulation work will have to be redone.

Expanded polystyrene

Expanded polystyrene is considered one of the best insulation materials for walls from the inside. It is increasingly used both in Russia and abroad. This material has all the necessary properties to displace mineral wool and become the most popular insulation of all.

Expanded polystyrene conducts heat poorly and does not absorb moisture, while it has low vapor permeability. It easily copes with loads, can withstand strong compression and tearing, while being very light and pliable: you can even cut it with a knife. Therefore, installing insulation will not be a problem.

Respectively, a thin layer of polystyrene foam will solve the insulation problem and will not allow moisture to reach the dew point. The only negative is that it does not protect against noise and is destroyed at temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius. The latter, as a rule, is irrelevant for Russian weather conditions.

Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is the latest material, which is designed to quickly and efficiently solve the problem of insulating walls from the inside. Moisture cannot penetrate the material, so it does not get wet. Moreover, you don’t need to glue it, just spray it on the wall. Thanks to this, there are no seams or joints; even a room with crooked corners will look perfect.

Of course, the material also has its disadvantages. Most often, the first thing consumers pay attention to is price. Polyurethane foam - quite expensive insulation Moreover, the work of installing it is also not cheap. In addition, if it catches fire, it will smoke heavily and emit various toxic substances. When exposed to UV, it quickly decomposes into products that can cause enormous harm to health within a few years.

Self-insulation of the wall from the inside

Since expanded polystyrene is affordable and quality material, then it will be used as an example. Before you start insulating the walls, you need to prepare their surfaces. Depending on whether the walls are covered with something or not, you need to carry out a few simple steps.

If the walls are already papered, painted or covered finishing materials, then it follows:

remove wallpaper or paint;
prime;
wait until the primer dries;
putty;
let the putty dry.

If the walls are not covered with anything, then:

prime;
level the wall with plaster;
putty;
let the putty dry.

You can insulate the walls only after the putty has completely dried. It usually takes from 2 to 6 hours, exact time indicated on the packaging. Then you should mix the glue; there are always instructions on the mixture. Then take a notched spatula and apply glue to polystyrene foam, make sure that the layer is uniform. Place the insulation in the desired position and check that there are no air pockets. The sealant is applied to the ends. Then, when all the sheets are ready, the glue should harden.

Now start applying the finishing coat:

apply a thin layer construction mixture approximately 2-5mm thick;
until the mixture hardens attach reinforcing mesh; it should sink into the mixture, you can use a notched trowel. The mesh will protect plastered walls from cracks;
apply the solution and level the surface with a spatula;
every other day, sand the wall so that there are no uneven spots. There will be a lot of dust, you should take care of respiratory protection.

When installing, try to glue the sheets so as to avoid gaps. This will prevent moisture from penetrating the wall and preventing condensation from forming. If gaps still remain, use mounting film to fill them.

After completing the work, do not forget to regularly ventilate the room. Insulation may lead to poor ventilation conditions which will be harmful to health. To maintain a healthy microclimate, ventilate your rooms daily. Such care will definitely yield results and the room will remain dry and warm.

September 3, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior decoration, construction of cottages, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

IN Lately With the constant increase in energy prices, people are striving to insulate their apartments. This procedure really allows you to save on heating and make your home more comfortable, but at the same time it must be performed correctly so as not to encounter a number of problems later. Therefore, in this article we will look at how to insulate the walls of an apartment inside, and whether there is any point in doing this at all.

Is it worth insulating walls from the inside?

It is, of course, much easier to insulate walls from the inside than from the outside. However, I would like to point out right away that this is far from The best decision for several reasons:

After installing thermal insulation, the walls will stop warming up altogether, as a result of which will form between them and the wall. This in turn can lead to the formation of mold and even cracks on the walls;
when the insulation is located from the inside, it is not possible to insulate the ceiling, as a result the ceiling also turns out to be “cold”, and condensation can form on it;
insulation from the inside takes away living space . In a large apartment, this, of course, will be practically unnoticeable, but for a Khrushchev apartment, where every square centimeter counts, the usable area is reduced significantly.

This raises the question - why carry out internal insulation at all if it has so many shortcomings? The fact is that it is not always possible to insulate the walls from the outside. For example, if the facade of your house faces a central city street or square, then local authorities are unlikely to allow you to change its appearance.

In addition, sometimes it is not possible to carry out external insulation for technical reasons, for example, if the wall is adjacent to an unheated elevator shaft. Thus, it makes sense to insulate the walls from the inside in an apartment in the following cases:

if it is not possible to place the insulation outside;
if internal insulation is used as an addition to external insulation. Even if the additional insulation on the walls is quite thin, the inside of the home will become much more comfortable.

After insulating the walls from the inside, it is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation premises, since the apartment essentially turns into a large sealed thermos. This in turn will lead to increased humidity and deterioration of the microclimate.

In other cases, it is better to insulate the apartment from the outside.

Insulation technology

The process of insulating walls with your own hands from the inside includes several stages:

Each of these stages has its own nuances, which we will look at below.

Preparation of materials

Insulation work must, of course, begin with the preparation of materials. Since people are often interested in what is the best way to insulate a home from the inside, I will say a few words about insulation.

In principle, you can use any thermal insulation material, since the degree of thermal conductivity varies slightly between them. However, it should be borne in mind that the material will not be located in the home, but outside it. Therefore, it is better to refuse polystyrene foam, but mineral wool is good decision– this heat insulator is much more environmentally friendly, and also fireproof.

In addition to insulation, you will need the following materials:

vapor barrier film - prevents moisture from penetrating into the insulation. If it is not used, the insulation will become saturated with water, which entails a number of negative consequences;

material for mounting the frame - this can be wooden beams or boards. However, most often they use a regular profile for installation. In this case, you will also need brackets and guides;
plasterboard or other material for covering the frame (lining, plastic panels etc.)

To purchase all these materials, you need to first calculate the square footage of the walls. Knowing the price of each material, you can calculate the costs of internal insulation in advance.

Preparing the walls

So, we figured out how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside. Now let's get to work.

As mentioned above, before insulating a wall from the inside in an apartment, it must be prepared. This is done as follows:

first of all, it is necessary to remove the old covering from the wall - wallpaper, tiles, etc. If the wall is covered with gypsum putty or plaster, it is also advisable to remove it.
As mentioned above, moisture will form between the wall and the insulation, as a result of which the plaster will become wet, and this will not lead to anything good. You can remove the plaster using a chisel and hammer or a hammer drill turned on in impact mode.

then be sure to treat the wall with antiseptic agents that will prevent mold from occurring. Instructions for using drugs are usually included on the packaging.

To achieve maximum effect from insulation, it is necessary to insulate the ceiling, i.e. ceiling that will be adjacent to the frozen wall. This can be done wet method– glue the mineral wool slabs and additionally secure them with dowels. The surface of the insulation is plastered, on our portal you can get detailed information about how this is done.

This completes the preparation process.

Arranging a ventilation gap

The process of arranging a ventilation gap is carried out at the stage of waterproofing the walls. It should be noted that many construction sites offer thermal insulation from the inside without a ventilation gap.

The big disadvantage of such a scheme is that moisture inevitably forms between the wall and the insulation, which does not go away, which leads to the destruction of the wall. Therefore, it is better to refuse its implementation.

The arrangement of the ventilation gap is carried out in the following sequence:

attach wooden slats about two centimeters thick to the walls. They can be placed horizontally in increments of about a meter. You can attach the slats to the walls with dowel nails.
The slats must be pre-treated protective composition so that they do not rot in a humid environment;
then you need to make several holes in the wall so that ventilation gap have worked. To do this, drill holes with a diameter of about 20 mm. To prevent the holes from becoming clogged, they must be protected with a mesh;
then a vapor barrier film is attached to the resulting sheathing. Moreover, it should be positioned stretched so that a ventilation gap is formed between the wall and the film.

To drill holes from the inside in panel house For dowel-nails, you should use a hammer drill with a Pobedit drill.

Frame installation

The frame is vertical racks, which are located in increments equal to the width of the heat insulator slabs. To ensure that the insulation fits securely to the studs, the step between them can be made even a centimeter less than the width of the insulation.

The frame assembly process is as follows:

First of all, mark the walls according to which the racks and guides will be located. It should be noted that the distance between the wall (vapor barrier in our case) and the guides that will be mounted on the ceiling and floor must be no less than the thickness of the heat insulator so that the insulation can fit inside the frame;
Next, brackets are attached to the vapor barrier slats according to the markings, which will hold the racks. Multiple brackets should be used for each rack. For installation of the latter, self-tapping screws are usually used;
then guides for the racks are attached to the floor and ceiling. They must be located exactly opposite each other so that the racks stand vertically. Therefore, before installing them, you should make sure that the markings are accurate;
Next, the racks are inserted into the guides and fixed with brackets, as shown in the diagram above.

To cut a metal profile, you can use special metal scissors.

The same principle is used to install a frame made of beams. The only thing is that in this case, guides are not used, so the racks are installed simply according to the markings.

Installation of insulation is extremely simple - if the racks are positioned correctly, then the mineral wool slabs are simply inserted between them, and no additional fixation is required. The only thing to avoid cold bridges is to fill the space between the wall and the studs with insulation.

To do this, you can cut mineral wool into strips required sizes. You can cut the slabs with a regular hacksaw.

Mineral wool fibers getting on the skin and especially the eyes cause severe irritation. Therefore, when working with it, use personal protective equipment.

If gaps form between the mineral wool slabs, they must also be filled with insulation. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the mineral wool to the floor and ceiling. I note that these, at first glance, little things should not be neglected, since the effectiveness of insulation largely depends on them.

After the insulation has been laid, another layer of vapor barrier should be secured to the frame. If the frame is wooden, then you can use a construction stapler to fix it.

If the frame is metal, the vapor barrier can be temporarily fixed with tape. Subsequently, the film will be secured with the covering material.

On forums, people are often interested in how to insulate a wall from the inside in corner apartment? In fact, the technology is no different.

Frame covering

As a rule, the frame in an apartment is covered with plasterboard. Therefore, finally, I will briefly describe the technology of its installation and further finishing:

work must begin by cutting drywall into sheets suitable size. To do this, apply markings to the sheets, then cut the cardboard on one side along the marked line with a mounting knife, then break the sheet, and then cut the cardboard on the other side;
the prepared sheets should be attached to the frame using self-tapping screws, which should be located at a distance of 5-10 cm from each other. The caps of the screws must be recessed;

then at the joints of the sheets you need to cut a chamfer 5 mm wide. If the end is rounded, there is no need to cut the chamfer;
then a special self-adhesive mesh is glued to the seams between the sheets;

then the heads of the screws and the joints between the sheets are covered with gypsum putty;
After this, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. On our portal you can find detailed information on how to properly perform puttying;
then the surface is polished with a special grater, onto which a mesh is placed:
after this another layer is applied finishing putty and final sanding is performed.

Sanding must be done in bright light. In this case, you will see all the flaws that need to be eliminated.

This completes the process of covering and finishing the wall. Now you can paint it or, for example, put wallpaper on it.

If lining is used as cladding or wooden panels, then they are simply attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. Accordingly, it takes much less time to cover.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside with your own hands.

Conclusion

I told you how to insulate walls inside with minimal negative consequences. Therefore, do not try to simplify the process and deviate from the technology outlined above. Compliance with it will allow you to make your apartment truly warm and cozy.

See the video in this article for more information. If you encounter any difficulties during the insulation process or some points are not clear to you, ask questions in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 3, 2016

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High heating costs and the reluctance of the home owner to insulate the structure of the building from the outside are forcing residents to look for other solutions. One of them is to insulate the apartment from the inside, thereby reducing usable space. We offer a method of insulating an apartment from the inside using insulating boards with glass wool and Multipor mineral boards.

Insulating an apartment from the inside - what you should know

You will learn:

what factors should be taken into account when designing and implementing thermal insulation inside a home;
how to properly install thermal insulation from the inside;
properties and application of insulating boards.

For apartment users, the most important thing is comfort and low heating bills, and therefore, if there is no solution for thermal insulation of the building from the outside, only decision- insulate external walls apartments from the inside. However, you should know that, in accordance with the laws of building physics, insulation from the inside is not an entirely optimal solution. When installing insulation on interior wall There are several important factors to consider:

In the case of insulating walls from the inside, it will not help to avoid temperature bridges.
Outer wall (solid brick walls) on the cold side of the barrier are exposed to moisture, which can cause water to freeze in cracks in the wall.
Internal insulation must be carefully thought out and executed, and installed only in freezing parts of the wall.

How to insulate an apartment from the inside - step-by-step instructions

Before you begin to insulate the walls, you must remove all elements, such as wall radiators, that should not be under the insulation layer. For good thermal insulation and simple and quick installation, for wall insulation, it is better to use sheet glass wool or mineral wool, laid in a frame made of profiles and covered with sheets of plasterboard.

When insulating internally, windows should also be replaced (if they require replacement), choosing a model with the best insulation parameters.

The first step is to install the wall profiles. On the picture finished wall for laying wall thermal insulation boards.

Use vapor barrier layers on top of the profiles. To avoid problems with fixing drywall in the corner, first the main wall is sheathed, after which the corner frame profile is mounted.

To avoid cooling corners, install the insulation perpendicular to the insulated wall.

Leave a reserve of vapor barrier in the corner to connect it to the corner frame insulation.

The corner part of the wall should be insulated from 60 to 100 cm in length. In addition, the floor and ceiling must be insulated with a vapor barrier.

Cover the profile frame and mineral wool tightly with a vapor barrier, making overlaps on the ceiling, floor and walls. To seal the vapor barrier with the wall and floor, use double-sided tape.

To insulate the building from the inside, energy-saving mineral wool insulation with a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.030 W/(mx°C) is recommended, which has more than 20% greater insulating capacity compared to other materials used in construction and intended for use in areas requiring a thin layer isolation.

Insulation of walls with Multipor mineral slabs

Multipor is a cellular insulating material made from sand, lime and water. This is an environmentally friendly material, prevents the formation of mold, its thermal conductivity is 0.045 W/(mx°C).

Preparation and insulation of wall surfaces

Before starting work, thoroughly clean the surface of the walls from residues. old plaster and paints. The floor should be covered with film and secured to the wall with electrical tape. A damper tape is placed on the film around the perimeter of the corner between the wall and the floor.

Preparation of the solution for application to the surface of the block

Prepare the solution by adding the appropriate amount of water according to the instructions, and then mix with a mixer until the consistency of thick sour cream.

The finished solution is distributed over the entire surface of the block using a notched trowel.

Attaching the block to the wall

At correct use, the solution should have a thickness of approximately 8-10 mm over the entire surface of the block.

Carefully press the block against the wall, moving it close to the previous block. Check with a level that the blocks are secured level.

Avoid vertical and horizontal seams flush with the corner edge.

To avoid thermal bridges, insulate part of the ceiling

If you have top floor, then the ceiling should also be insulated. If you have a cold corner, then we insulate it 60-100 cm from the corner.

Leveling and finishing walls

These slabs are easy to grind, you can easily remove any unevenness.

Install perforated corners on all slopes using mesh to protect against cracks. Also apply a grid over the entire block area.

In buildings where they are installed panel walls, it is often necessary to carry out insulation. The thickness of such walls is simply insufficient. The following is observed: the room cools down quickly, but the heating system does not cope with the assigned tasks in all cases. As a result, the temperature in the rooms drops and residents feel uncomfortable. The problem needs to be solved. This is what we will talk about - how to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside on your own. What materials should be used for this work, how to use them correctly.

Walls in the apartment and their insulation

External thermal insulation of walls - this method can be called one of the most effective if you need to keep heat in your apartment.

But this option is expensive - the complexity of implementation is too high, it is necessary to use special equipment and hire professional workers. The higher the number of floors, the more difficult and expensive it is.

Thermal insulation of walls in the apartment from the inside is completely justified in different cases. For example:

If there is a government ban, the façade of the building cannot be changed. This happens if the building is of cultural value, or if the front part of the house has access to the main street;
If behind the wall there is an expansion joint between a pair of buildings;
When the elevator shaft is behind a wall, or there is any other room that is not heated. Accordingly, mount external insulation impossible in such a situation.

There is an exit! Optimal choice– insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside. Yes, this will slightly reduce the usable area in the premises. But better warm rooms somewhat smaller in area than spacious cold rooms. Moreover, if you work inside, you can do the work yourself, without hiring specialists. The main thing is to act correctly: prepare necessary tools and materials for work.

When equipment is installed in the apartment autonomous heating, insulated walls are a great way to save energy resources - this is exactly what any owner wants to achieve.

Read more about the pros and cons of internal insulation if you can’t make a decision:

Positive sides:

The cost of the work will be affordable for almost any family;
Installation can be carried out regardless of weather conditions;
During the process, it will be possible to level the walls.

Minuses:

Condensation may appear, and the formation of mold colonies should not be ruled out. To prevent this from happening, you will have to think about high-quality ventilation - then these problems will not arise;
The wall does not accumulate heat or retain it. It is not uncommon for losses to be 15%;
If you insulate a wall incorrectly, it will definitely freeze. Over time, this will cause the material to deteriorate;
The volume of the room will decrease;
The interior decoration of the rooms will be damaged;
Residents often experience inconvenience when renovation work is being carried out in their apartment.

Insulation from the inside - how to do it right

It is worth noting that the thermal insulation of the walls of the apartment from the inside, which in the future will prevent the appearance of condensation due to temperature fluctuations in winter period, as well as the appearance of mold stains on the walls, must be carried out competently - all technological recommendations must be followed.

When a thermal insulation “pie” is formed, its structure is created, a high-quality vapor barrier is required. It should protect the insulation from moisture getting into it.

Before you start insulating the walls in the apartment inside, It is worth studying a number of recommendations on how the work is performed:

Need to buy vapor barrier film high quality is a must. Also, your shopping list should include waterproof tape so that you can seal all the joints between the sheets without any problems;
A material is prepared that has low vapor permeability - this indicator should be lower than that of the walls. This approach is a guarantee that moisture will evaporate correctly towards the street, and there will be no evaporation into the apartment;
It is important to glue the insulation as tightly as possible to the wall surface - any experienced craftsman will confirm this;
Ventilation must be arranged inside the room - it can be either forced or natural. Due to this, there will be no excess moisture. For example, today they are often placed on window frames special valves - it is through them that the room will get Fresh air, which is very convenient;
Before insulating the walls in an apartment from the inside, you need to correctly calculate the thickness of the insulation, which will be optimal.

This value completely depends on the average daily temperature in the winter in your region. What happens if the thermal insulation material turns out to be less than the calculated parameters? There will be a violation of the steam-heat balance.

The wall insulation system is installed after special primer solutions have been applied to the surface. This will help protect against mold, and will also increase adhesion, which is important if thermal insulation is being installed;
Installation of insulation should be carried out strictly on the wall that has been thoroughly dried;
When installing insulation, “cold bridges” are considered unacceptable. Especially where there is butt welds. It is these “bridges” that can ruin the entire process and significantly complicate the work.

What materials to use for insulation

Each owner decides for himself how to insulate walls in an apartment from the inside.

You just need pay attention to a number of materials and their features in order to make the right decision.

Penofol - in detail

Advantages of the material:

Is environmentally friendly;
Compared to other materials, it has a small thickness;
The level of vapor permeability is low;
Noise insulation is high;
Installation is easy;
Fire safety level is high;
Transportation is carried out without any difficulties;
Rodents do not like the material.

Minuses:

This material is soft, so light pressure is enough – dents will form instantly;
To perform high-quality fixation, use special glue;
If the wall insulation is external, foil penofol is used as an additional thermal insulation layer. It's because of him thermal energy reflected, created reliable protection from moisture - you need to know about this.

Minvata

Positive sides:

The material is non-flammable;
Has low thermal conductivity;
Sound insulation is high;
There is good air permeability and vapor permeability;
Mineral wool is of no interest to rodents; the same can be said about insects. Even the structures are a fact.

Negative sides:

Absorbs moisture strongly;
You cannot do without additional vapor barrier;
If mineral wool is used for a long time, shrinkage may occur;
The area of the rooms will decrease, since the material is thicker.

Ecowool as insulation

Advantages:

The material does not burn;
Is environmentally friendly;
Has low thermal conductivity;
The level of sound insulation is high;
It can be used for a very long time.

Minuses:

It costs too much.

Expanded polystyrene for insulating an apartment from the inside

Positive sides:

The slabs do not weigh much;
Strength characteristics are high;
The price is much lower when compared to mineral slabs;
Easy to process;
Not hygroscopic.

Negative sides:

Sound insulation leaves much to be desired;
The vapor permeability coefficient is low;
Partial destruction cannot be ruled out if the temperature rises above 80 degrees;
Low resistance to various organic solvents is observed;
Limited in use. If the height of the house is more than 25 meters, it is not recommended to use it;
The stoves are flammable. Expanded polystyrene is a self-extinguishing material; it does not support combustion.

An interesting point: if it turns out that the expanded polystyrene slabs do not extinguish on their own, this indicates one thing - the material does not meet the standard requirements. It is prohibited to use it in an apartment.

Polyurethane foam

Advantages:

The insulation is manufactured right where the work is being done, which is very convenient. The set of required components is minimal. Accordingly, delivery costs are reduced;
Weighs little;
In addition to insulation, it gives the wall additional strength;
Able to withstand a wide range of temperatures - from minus two hundred degrees to plus two hundred;
When the installation is completed, the owner will see a solid canvas; there will be no seams.

Flaws:

If polyurethane foam is exposed to sunlight (direct UV rays), wear occurs quickly;
It is necessary to protect the additional insulation obtained. Plaster or any panels will help with this. Some people use simple paint. However, this is even good - the surface ultimately becomes as aesthetically pleasing as possible. When - the same thing is done;
When the temperature is high, the insulation can smolder. If there is strong heating, a fire cannot be ruled out; this has also happened.

Cork as insulation

pros:

Weighs very little;
The material is durable, hard;
It is not subject to rotting; mold does not appear due to exposure to moisture;
Cork is an absolute dielectric and does not accumulate static electricity;
Not flammable. If it smolders - toxic, harmful substances do not stand out;
Not afraid of rodents;
When humidity levels fluctuate, cork does not change volume, unlike many other insulation materials;
Installation work is carried out easily, so even beginners will not have problems with how to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside;
Complete environmental safety.

Minuses:

It is expensive and not every family can afford it.

Plaster

Advantages:

Very easy to apply;
Excellent adhesion is observed with any type of surface;
In difficult preparatory work there is no need. Plaster is a plastic material, so it will level the wall itself;
Application can be easily done manually, but if you want, there is always the option of using auxiliary technical devices;
Irregularities can be eliminated without problems - defects, cracks, all this is not a reason for worry;
There are no cold bridges.

Flaws:

When the application of plaster is completed, additional priming and painting must be done;
If you plan to apply “ warm plaster“- the wall must be dried before work;
Since the thermal conductivity coefficient of plaster is high, high-quality insulation can only be obtained when the layer of mortar is thick - this is not always convenient.

Above we looked at the main materials that are suitable for insulating walls from the inside in an apartment. There are actually a lot of options here..

When insulating walls in an apartment, you need to remember two basic rules: organize a strong vapor barrier so that condensation does not appear between the insulation and the wall. Also, to do good ventilation- all wet air must be removed from the premises.

Before insulating the walls in the apartment from the inside, in order to protect yourself from extra expenses, it is better to study this topic carefully. All thermal insulation materials existing today are usually divided into groups, which, in turn, correspond to the material that was used in the construction of the walls of the house - it is important to remember this so that the final result is positive.

Let's look at a few examples:

If the wall is made of brick, you do not need to choose the insulation that is designed for concrete walls. In this case, expanded polystyrene foam is perfect;
When concrete walls are insulated, polystyrene foam is also often used. The main thing is to choose extruded material;
For concrete walls Any insulation will do. But here it is also necessary to use a vapor barrier material on any of its surfaces. The perfect solution– foil, this material will provide the necessary protection.

Insulation - features of working inside an apartment

It’s worth talking in detail about how to interact with this or that insulation so that the apartment is warm and the positive effect lasts for years.

How to insulate with penofol

To achieve optimal results, you need to create an air gap on both sides.

Acceptable indicators are 20 mm. In this case, penofol is fixed to a wooden sheathing, which, in turn, is attached to the base - this way the required strength is achieved.

What is being done for this:

Detailed description:

Planks of wood, two centimeters thick, are attached to the surface of the wall. This can be done vertically, or horizontally. The pitch is selected depending on the width of the roll;
Planks in wooden walls attached with self-tapping screws, and for brick and concrete surfaces use dowels;
They take roll material, strips of the required length are cut from it. Then they are stapled to the planks - a construction stapler will help with this;
Penofol sheets are mounted end-to-end, the material is installed inside the room with the foil side;
Each joint must be carefully taped with aluminum tape;
The slats are installed and attached to the sheathing - they will provide the outer air layer of the required size;
The outside walls are sheathed with sheets of plasterboard; clapboard or other materials are also used for this.

Insulation with mineral wool - details

Working with this material is somewhat more difficult - you cannot do without wooden slats. And the installation order looks something like this:

Vertical slats are placed on the walls - this is done using building level. It’s just that one plane must be provided for all elements;
The waterproofing layer is placed between the slats; you can also fix it directly to the slats;
How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside now? It’s very simple - all that remains is to lay the insulation itself.

To avoid cold bridges, the heat-insulating material is placed extremely tightly in the cavities between the slats. Sometimes it has to be cut to size - but only a little more than the distance between the slats. The fact is that there should be no gaps between the canvases, even minimal ones.

Afterwards, a vapor barrier material is placed, and fastenings are made with slats;
If there is no plaster layer, the ideal approach is to lay mineral wool in two layers, this will be more than enough.

About insulation with polystyrene foam

This solution can be called one of the cheapest and simplest if you need to insulate your apartment. If the walls are built of brick, the first step is to plaster, and only then move on.

What then? Following:

When the coating dries, the wall is leveled - putty is used for this;
They put waterproofing material, which will one hundred percent protect the wall from condensation between the insulation and the main one;
Next, you can install insulation sheets. For fastening, a special glue is usually chosen. In this case, the composition is applied not to the foam plastic, but directly to the surface of the wall - this is correct;
It is recommended to place the foam panels end-to-end; there is no need to make any gaps here;
They put in a vapor barrier material; you can’t do without it here.

How to insulate with polyurethane foam

To spray polyurethane foam, you need to use special equipment- no other way.

Besides:

Must be mounted on the wall wooden sheathing– it is this that will serve as guides when the material is sprayed. It will also be the main one on which the decorative finish will be fixed;
Then the polyurethane foam is installed;
Attach trim panels. In general, nothing complicated.

Plastering and working with it

What should be done before insulating the walls from the inside in an apartment with plaster? It is important to study some of the features of the work ahead. For example, warm plaster is applied to walls in three layers - this is important.

The first step is to spray it with a liquid plaster solution so that the composition can get into all the cracks. The casting of the composition is carried out evenly, with a certain effort. The layer thickness should be at least 1 cm;
Now apply primer. If they are thermally insulated with plaster, this will be the main one. A coating thickness of 0.5-0.6 cm is sufficient.

It is best to apply the primer in several layers, and the size of each can be 2-3 cm. Due to this, the coating will not separate from the walls due to its weight. After application, it is important to thoroughly dry each layer.

Now the covering. That is, finishing layer, which has a thickness of up to 0.5 cm. To make this layer, fine clean sand is used, which is diluted with water. This composition is easily rubbed into the wall surface, resulting in a completely flat plane.

Cork and insulation

What to do if you need to insulate a wall in an apartment with cork from the inside. In fact, there is nothing complicated here - first the surface is prepared: ideally, the base should be as smooth as possible. Controlled this process building level.

How to achieve the desired result? So:

If the surface of the wall is not smooth enough, it must be plastered, then various cracks, protrusions, depressions, and other defects must be removed;
When the leveling work is completed, the room must be left so that it can dry thoroughly.

You should not insulate the walls inside the room. cork materials if the surface is damp. Because of this, not only can fungus arise, but the panels can also become deformed.

When installing insulation, you must strictly follow the instructions for the adhesive - this is very important;
During operation, the strength of the coating will be worthy only when all technological aspects of the work are performed correctly;
The cork, on which glue has been applied, is simply applied to the wall. Then the material is strengthened. It is important to act precisely and carefully. Many adhesive bases for cork set very quickly, almost instantly. That is, it will no longer be possible to somehow change the location of the product after placing it on the wall.

The video “how to insulate walls in an apartment from the inside” will tell you in detail about the process of insulating walls inside an apartment - the lesson will be useful to everyone: how to an experienced master, and for a beginner.

When installing the plug, it is important to ensure that the room is well ventilated. The glue can easily turn out to be toxic, in addition, the compositions usually have bad smell(very sharp).

All the recommendations discussed above will help to reliably insulate the walls in the apartment from the inside. How to do this in the end is up to the owner to decide; only he knows the answer to the question of what insulation materials will be used. The cold should not get into the apartment. If this is observed, the problem must be solved as quickly as possible, then life in the room will be comfortable.