Honeysuckle honeysuckle reproduction. Honeysuckle honeysuckle planting and care in the suburbs

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is a shrub of the Honeysuckle family, found in the wild in southern Europe and the Caucasus. This fragrant vine can be found on the edges and in forests, as well as in well-lit places with moist soil. At home, the variety performs a purely decorative function, it is used only to decorate the site. The shrub is often used for vertical wall decoration, hiding unattractive structures in the garden.

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Description

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is a climbing shrub that can reach a height of up to 6 meters. Its young shoots are light green in color and turn brown with age. The leaves are broadly elliptical, opposite, up to 10 cm long, the upper side is dark green, the lower side is gray.

Several pairs of upper leaves are able to grow together at the base, forming an elliptical plate. Fragrant flowers are represented by inflorescences on rather long tubes and are collected in whorls. Flowering lasts up to three weeks, while the life cycle of an individual flower is about 4 days. Red or orange inedible berries ripen in late July or early August. At good care the bush is able to live more than 50 years.

reproduction

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is propagated in the following ways:

dividing the bush;
seeds;
layering;
cuttings.

seeds

Propagation by seeds is a long process. They sprout very difficult and must be stratified. Seeds should be collected after flowering and seed ripening. They are sown immediately in the ground or put in the refrigerator for storage. They must be stored in wet sand. This is how seeds are stratified. You need to make sure they are kept moist all the time. If sowing is carried out directly in the ground, then the stratification of seeds is carried out in the ground.

Sowing seeds from the refrigerator is carried out in the spring. They are planted in prepared beds with sand. Emerging shoots are carefully weeded, watered and loosened. The place for seedlings should be shaded so that the sun's rays do not burn them.

On permanent place young plants are transplanted in autumn. At first, the bushes are covered for the winter with a layer of mulch - leaves, peat, humus. After 2 years, the vine grows to 1.5–2 meters and is already able to winter on its own, without additional shelter.

cuttings

Cuttings should be cut at the end of flowering. They should have 2-3 buds, the lower leaves should be removed, and the upper ones should be shortened by half. The soil for rooting should be loose, as well as water and breathable. It is prepared from garden soil, compost, humus and sand, which are taken in equal quantities and mixed.

For the best result, it is recommended to dip the cuttings in Kornevin powder, after which they are planted in rows in prepared beds, watered and covered with a film, creating a greenhouse. It is also recommended to air and spray them regularly. After a month, new leaves appear on the cuttings and the shelter can be removed.

In winter, the cuttings are covered with leaves or peat, otherwise they will freeze. In the spring they are planted in a permanent place. For the formation of additional roots, when planting, the root neck is slightly deepened. If the cuttings are not further processed, then only 50% of the total amount takes root.

Rooting layering

Rooting by layering is the most in a simple way reproduction, but only adult strong plants are used for this, on which there are many new shoots. They choose a shoot located near the ground, bend down and pin it to the ground. Sprinkle it with earth and water it.

If such a procedure is carried out in the spring, then by the autumn a new shoot with roots appears. It is separated and planted in a permanent place.

By dividing the bush

This method of reproduction consists in digging the base of the bush and cutting off a part of the rhizome with branches with a sharp shovel. The cut is sprinkled with charcoal, dried and planted on the prepared site.

You can also completely dig the entire bush and cut it into pieces with a sharp shovel. All sections are sprinkled with crushed coal.

Choice of landing site

Honeysuckle honeysuckle requires careful selection of a landing site:

The shrub loves abundant moisture and gets sick from its lack. Therefore, it must be planted in fertile and loose soil, avoiding areas with excessively dry soil.
Honeysuckle loves sunlight. It blooms well in a lit place, and in a dark place it sprouts.
In order for the shrub to develop normally, it needs support. In this case, its branches will grow upwards. A vertical surface, a wall of a gazebo or a house, any wooden or metal support can serve as a support.

For the plant, you need to choose sandy or loamy soils. If this is not possible, then peaty acidic or wet limestone lands are suitable as a substrate.

Landing

To plant honeysuckle honeysuckle, you should dig a hole measuring 50 x 50 x 50 cm. If you plan to decorate a hedge, then make a trench 0.5 m wide and 0.5 m deep. A drainage layer is laid on the bottom. It must be made of gravel ceramic tiles or broken brick. To prevent disease damage to the shrub, the soil must be prepared before planting. To do this, the soil is mixed with various fertilizers of organic and mineral origin. It is best to use manure and peat. Dig up the soil with fertilizers 2 weeks before planting.

After that, the seedling is transferred to the prepared pit and added dropwise, leaving the root collar 5 cm higher than the soil surface. The bush is watered abundantly, when the water is completely absorbed, sprinkle trunk circle mulching material: humus, sawdust or peat.

If the plant is planted in a hole, then it grows into a bush, and if it is planted in a trench, it grows into a solid green hedge. In one year, a climbing shrub is able to rise 2 meters, so supports must be dug in for it.

Care

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is undemanding in care. It only needs to be periodically fed, watered and trimmed.

The plant needs to be fed regularly. For it to grow well, it needs a large number of minerals. It is important to feed the vine directly during flowering. In order for her flowers to delight with their beauty for a long time, you need to apply liquid fertilizer immediately after planting. In autumn and winter, wood ash is poured under the bush.

In dry weather, honeysuckle should be watered 2 times a week. This strengthens the roots after planting and provides them with proper care. The rest of the time, watering is carried out once a week. Do not allow stagnation of water in the soil. After each watering or rain, the soil under the bush must be loosened, while weeding. If the site is mulched with humus or peat, then the need for weeding and frequent loosening is reduced.

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is a climbing vine that is used for vertical gardening. When it reaches the required height, then pinch its tops to stimulate the emergence of side shoots. In the future, formative pruning is carried out, due to which abundant flowering is achieved.

Pruning of honeysuckle is carried out in the spring, after the appearance of young buds. They appear from hidden places on the shoots. Swollen buds are the main sign of a healthy shoot. If the shoot remains bare above the swollen bud, then this part is removed.

The first pruning is carried out immediately after planting the seedling in a permanent place. All weak shoots are removed from a young shrub, leaving only the strongest ones in the amount of 3-4 pieces. The remaining stems should be shortened by one third of their length. In the future, it is recommended to cut the shrub every 5 years, getting rid of only dry and damaged branches, since the main purpose of pruning is to give honeysuckle. beautiful shape and rejuvenation. If the bushes are heavily neglected and have a thickened crown, then all the old stems are cut a little above their base.

Transfer

Care for honeysuckle honeysuckle provides for the timely transplantation of the plant to a new place. Its main advantage is that not only young shoots, but also adult bushes have a high survival rate. This is usually done after the first mild frosts - in the second half of September.

When transplanting an adult plant, the following rules are taken into account:

Root damage must not be allowed. To do this, the bushes are carefully dug up and, together with an earthen clod, are transferred to a new place.
The new planting hole should be slightly larger than the previous one.
The walls and bottom of the pit must be loosened with a pitchfork.
It is not recommended to deepen the bush. This should be done if the soil is light and well cultivated. A depth of 3–5 cm is allowed.
The soil filling the pit must be fertile and mixed with humus.

Preparing for winter

Adult shrubs of species honeysuckle honeysuckle do not insulate for the winter. It is recommended to do this with varietal, hybrid and newly planted plants. To do this, the trunk circle is insulated with a thick layer of fallen leaves. In preparation for winter, the whips are removed from the support, rolled into a ring and laid on a bed of dry foliage. The plant is covered nonwoven fabric or spruce paws.

In this form, honeysuckle is able to survive the most severe cold. Sometimes some annual shoots freeze slightly, so they are cut off in the spring, as a result of which the bush quickly recovers. This method of shelter for the winter is also used for other decorative vines.

Diseases

Although honeysuckle honeysuckle is resistant to diseases and pests, but sometimes they can affect it. The shrub can get sick with powdery mildew, which covers the leaves with a whitish bloom. As a result, the leaves are deformed and begin to dry gradually, and the winter hardiness of the bush decreases. To get rid of it, the plant is sprayed with Topaz, 0.4% Tsineb, 0.2% Fundazol, 0.2–1% Topsin-M, 0.5% soda ash and 1% copper-soap liquid. With a strong defeat, cut off all infected shoots.

Sometimes orange-brown spots appear on the surface of the leaves, and the reverse side is covered with poisonous red pads - sporogens. This is how a fungal disease such as rust manifests itself. It affects both stems and foliage. To eliminate it, plantings are treated with the following preparations: Fitosporin-M, Gaupsin, Gamair, Planriz.

If the shoots begin to dry at the honeysuckle, it means that it was struck by tuberculosis. Red-brown tubercles appear on the branches, in which spores of fungal pathogens develop. Infected branches must be cut and burned. There is no other way to fight this disease. For prophylactic purposes, before bud break, the plant is treated with Fitolavin or copper sulphate.

With a disease such as moniliosis, the foliage on the branches of honeysuckle dries up, but does not crumble. Inside the branches, the fungus enters through cracks and begins to spread throughout the plant. At the first signs of the disease, diseased shoots are cut off, capturing and small plot healthy wood. The cut site is treated with preparations containing copper. In order to prevent late autumn, the stems are treated with a solution of Fitolavin.

Pests

There are insects that feed on honeysuckle leaves. They cannot cause serious damage to the bushes, but they can greatly affect the decorativeness of the vine.

The honeysuckle striped sawfly lays eggs on the lower part of the leaf plate. After a while, very voracious caterpillars appear that eat holes in the leaves. various forms. They are harvested by hand, because the number of pests is never too large.

If in the summer the leaves begin to curl on young shoots, this means that a currant or rose leaflet has settled on the plant. This pest makes narrow passages. To get rid of it, the bush is treated with "Inta-vir" or a solution of "Decis".

At high humidity mites begin to multiply actively. They usually appear in very dense stands. As a result of their vital activity, the leaves curl and fall prematurely. Control measures include thinning of plantings and treatment with acaricidal preparations.

Use in landscape design

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is often used in landscape design. Usually it is used for vertical gardening. With its help, arches, gazebos are decorated, unattractive buildings and barriers are camouflaged.

If planted along the fence, then it becomes a decorative hedge. Honeysuckle goes well with coniferous plants and flowering shrubs, such as climbing rose, weigela, action, mock orange.

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is a beautiful and fragrant decorative vine, the name of which is translated as "captivating dream". Gardeners have been widely using it for many years for vertical gardening in household plots and summer cottages. Unusual elongated inflorescences attract not only with their shape, but also with a variety of colors.

Botanical description

Honeysuckle honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) refers to one of the species of climbing many-flowered shrub plants belonging to the capricole family. Its name comes from the Latin caprifolium (literally "goat leaf") and refers to a plant in which the stem grows from the central part of the leaves. Among the people, she has several original titles: "goat leaf", "Italian honeysuckle", "fragrant", etc.

The country of origin of the honeysuckle creeper is the South-East of Great Britain, but in nature it can be found throughout Europe. It is applied as ornamental plant to decorate gazebos and parks, in some countries they use its medicinal features for astringent and diuretic properties. There are edible varieties whose fruits can be eaten, and the dried flowers are often added to tea for a pleasant aroma. The same properties are used in the perfume and cosmetic industries.

The height of the vine can reach up to 6 m, the shape of the leaves differs depending on the variety: variations from ovoid to ellipsoid. The leaves of honeysuckle grow in pairs, forming "saucers", from which inflorescences then begin to grow. The color of the leaves is also original: shiny dark green above, gray-blue below. The lowest ones grow from short stems and have a wide base.

Flowers and fruits

The beginning of flowering of the fragrant honeysuckle creeper capricole usually occurs in mid-May, but also depends on the region and weather conditions. The entire liana is covered with fragrant beautiful flowers that attract many bees, bumblebees and other beneficial insects.

Flowers of an unusual "sessile" shape are decorated with long stamens and are collected at the ends of the branches in bunches of 3-6 pieces, each up to 5 cm long. They grow from the axils of leaves fused at the base. The flowering of honeysuckle lasts about 3 weeks, and the life of each flower is even shorter - 3 days. Flowers can tolerate cold snaps down to -7ºС.

The fruits are juicy berries of bright red or coral color, in honeysuckle they are inedible. In some varieties, they are edible and have different taste qualities: sweet, sour, etc. Fruiting begins 3-4 years after planting annual sprouts. Ripening takes place quite quickly: almost in the first half of June, fruits appear, earlier than those of strawberries and strawberries. The berries also fall off quickly, which is a disadvantage, so you need to harvest with the help of a film spread under the plant on the ground.

Fruits - juicy and rich in sugars, vitamins, acids and other beneficial substances, are used fresh or processed, preparations are made (compotes, jams, juices) for the winter. The juice can be used as food coloring.

Legends and symbols

In ancient legends and works of literature, the honeysuckle plant was often associated with a devoted feeling of love. For example, in the legend of Tristan, his beloved Isolde is compared with a delicate and beautiful honeysuckle flower, while in others it symbolizes passion and devotion, eternal love.

Except beautiful flowers, this plant has a pleasant amazing aroma that becomes stronger in the evening.

Landing and care

One of the most important advantages of honeysuckle honeysuckle is that planting, caring for and propagating it is quite simple and easy. The main condition for good growth- the presence of a support with which you can direct its growth so that it quickly weaves upward. Moreover, the higher the support, the faster and higher it will climb to a height. By the fifth year of life, the plant usually gains maximum height, which can reach 5-6 m. During growth, young shoots cling tightly to both the support and the nearest rough surfaces, which can facilitate the reproduction process.

When it should be borne in mind that she does not like transplanting, so she must be planted immediately in a permanent place in the prepared, loosened and moistened soil. The plant prefers neutral-acid soils and does not tolerate heavy loams, especially dry ones.

The size of the landing pit is 50 cm deep, width and height, drainage is placed on the bottom (gravel, brick chips, etc.). Boarding takes place at spring time, for which they take a sprout with several buds, from which young shoots will grow in the future.

Many gardeners prefer to plant honeysuckle in a peat compost mass prepared from plant waste, it can also be added to a planting pit or trench where several plants are planted in a row.

Before planting in the pit, be sure to add peat compost, organic and mineral fertilizers, which are thoroughly mixed with the soil. Then sprouts are planted. With proper planting by the end summer season young shoots will grow, adding annually up to 2 m in length. After reaching the required height of the bush, the top must be pinned, which will contribute to the growth of side shoots.

According to the experience of gardeners who have honeysuckle honeysuckle on their site, plant care in the summer months consists in regular and frequent loosening and watering so that the soil does not dry out. Every month, the bush is fed with humus with the addition of 500 g wood ash.

Wintering and spring pruning

With the approach of cold weather, there is no need to cover or remove the grown shoots, because the plant is quite cold-resistant. Pruning is also not necessary. If severe frosts are expected, then for the first 2 years young bushes are covered with spruce branches on top, and the roots are insulated with peat or dry leaves.

In the spring, the plant immediately begins to sprout fresh shoots and it will be clear which of them overwintered well and which died, and they need to be cut. However, this will not be noticeable immediately, because the buds on honeysuckle appear late. You will have to wait a bit until it becomes clearly visible where the dead shoots are and where the live ones are. In addition, new shoots always grow from hidden pockets, and it is then that it becomes clear at what level to prune.

Honeysuckle honeysuckle can be planted both in a sunny place and in partial shade, however, abundant flowering occurs only in good light.

Reproduction of honeysuckle by seeds

There are 3 ways to propagate honeysuckle honeysuckle: using cuttings, seeds or layering.

Propagation by seeds is a rather long process, moreover, during storage, their germination will decrease every year: after 4-5 years it is only 5%. They are collected during the flowering period of the bush (July), separated from the pulp, washed well and dried at room temperature.

Before sowing, they need to stratify: put in wet sand for a long time in cool place at least 2 months. Experienced gardeners make a mixture of seeds and moistened sand in a ratio of 1: 3 and put in the refrigerator. When they grow up enough, they are seated in separate pots to a depth of 2 cm and continue to grow in a greenhouse, then planted in open ground into the shade. Care consists in regular watering and weeding. In autumn, grown seedlings are planted in a permanent place and mulched with peat before winter.

Reproduction by cuttings

Cuttings begin to be done when mature plant already fading (beginning of July). Cuttings are cut out with 2 internodes, the lower leaves are removed, the upper ones are shortened. Young shoots are planted in a greenhouse in a mixture of peat, sand and garden soil (in a ratio of 2:2:1) with a distance of 20 cm, and the pots are covered with glass or polyethylene. For good growth, it is recommended to spray the cuttings three times a day.

The first leaves appear after 30 days, after which the shelter is removed. For the winter, the sprouts are mulched with peat, and with the onset of a vein, they are already planted in open ground, deepening the root neck to activate adventitious roots. The rooting percentage is 50%.

Layering formation

The easiest way to propagate honeysuckle is by rooting cuttings that are cut and dropped into the ground, while the vine itself continues to grow further. In the place where the incision is made, the formation of roots begins. After that, the branch should be separated from the bush and planted in a permanent place.

Diseases and pests

Honeysuckle honeysuckle is susceptible to mold damage and the invasion of some pests: garden aphids, scale insects, leafworms and others. Chemicals control are selected taking into account the type of insect.

When growing this plant for prevention, you must follow some rules:

after fertilizing with phosphorus and potash fertilizers honeysuckle juice becomes tasteless for aphids and many leaf-eating pests, therefore, to combat them, it is recommended to scatter ash, lime and superphosphate in the near-trunk circle;
to destroy insects that can overwinter with foliage, it is necessary to spray the plants with a 5% urea solution;
for pest control, biological preparations can be used: "Lepocid", "Bitoxibacillin", containing bacteria that destroy harmful insects from the inside.

Medicinal properties

For medicinal purposes, flowers of fragrant honeysuckle honeysuckle, stems and leaves are used, which are best collected during the flowering period, then dried and chopped. The first contain essential oils, emitting a pleasant juicy aroma, in homeopathy they use the alcohol essence of this aphrodisiac, the smell of which soothes nervous system, improves mood and improves well-being. The berries are poisonous and inedible and can cause indigestion.

A tincture or decoction of honeysuckle has an astringent and diuretic effect when taken orally, it is also used to lower the temperature (has a diaphoretic and antipyretic effect for colds), externally - to heal wounds and relieve inflammation in the form of lotions or compresses, rinses with sore throat and stomatitis. Also, honeysuckle infusion is often used to strengthen hair and treat baldness.

Honeysuckle varieties

This plant has many varieties and classification options according to various properties: according to the height of the bush, according to decorativeness (bushes and creepers), according to the taste of fruits (for edible species).

According to reviews about honeysuckle honeysuckle, caring for it does not present any difficulties. Many gardeners grow several varieties of these plants at once, as they positively influence each other and increase yields. Therefore, it is better to plant both bushes and lianas in several copies in one area. different types.

Popular varieties of honeysuckle honeysuckle:

Belgica - the name comes from the country of Belgium, the flowers are pink and purple, the berries are red.
Harleguin - very picturesque pink flowers, trimmed with a light border.
Munster - light pink flowers with a white border.
Grahm Thomas - flowers are elongated in the shape of a tube, the petals are painted in white and yellow shades.

The use of honeysuckle in landscape design

Among the many plants used for vertical gardening, honeysuckle honeysuckle, planting and caring for which is quite simple and does not cause difficulties even for novice gardeners, is ideal option. Liana grows rapidly at the top (up to 6 m), braiding supports and adjacent surfaces, it has a lot of greenery, it blooms beautifully and also has a wonderful unforgettable aroma.

With the help of cutting, the plant can be given any desired shape, so it is planted along the fence, and to decorate the gazebo, to create complex decorative sculptures and compositions. With proper care, this fragrant liana will decorate any country house or garden. personal plot.

Decorative lianas - previously rare guests in the gardens of Russians - are becoming more and more familiar decoration of the landscape. Especially popular are curly honeysuckles, which have a great variety. Honeysuckle, as our great-grandmothers called it, was the first decorative liana in our front gardens. Now she is back in fashion, and not alone. Along with it, there are several more species and hybrid forms created by European breeders.

GARDEN CLASSICS

It is believed that honeysuckle honeysuckle was first widely planted in Germany in the 18th century, during the time of Goethe and Schiller, after the fashion for secluded romantic arbors was born.

Honeysuckle, whose lashes intertwine in the absence of support, is considered in Germany a symbol of true affection and long-term love. One of the German folk names for honeysuckle literally translates as follows: "The farther, the more beloved."

Honeysuckle has been known in Russia since Pushkin's times. It was especially popular at the end of the 19th century, when the fashion for garden gazebos and pavilions.

The gazebo, entwined with honeysuckle, is a favorite place for secret rendezvous of lovers of that time. Remember how it is described in the literature. And the arched gate in the greenery of honeysuckle is considered a classic of garden design.

As you can see, this flowering vine has a long history. But honeysuckle gains particular popularity in recent times. After all, if earlier honeysuckle could only be seen at the dachas of wealthy Russians, now the circle of its admirers has expanded by an order of magnitude.

Fashion is returning to gazebos. Near the new cottages they are being built both in Russian and in Japanese style. Capricole will do anyway. In truth, Ecclesiastes is right: "What was, is what will be ... and there is nothing new under the sun."

SIMPLY Honeysuckle

The correct botanical name for honeysuckle is honeysuckle honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium). This shrub curling around a support lives on the mountain slopes of the Caucasus, in the South and Western Europe. In the mountains, it reaches almost to the upper border of the forest, where the climate is very severe. Therefore, the liana is quite hardy even in our country. middle lane Russia. At home, the whips grow up to 6 m, we usually have 3-4 m.

Speaking about the appearance of honeysuckle, I note that it has both decorative leaves and flowers. The leaves, like all plants of the honeysuckle family, are located on the shoots in opposite pairs. They are dense, leathery, shiny, attractive blue hue. The shape of the leaves is broadly elliptical or ovoid, there are almost no petioles, and the upper 2-3 pairs of leaves grow together at their bases, forming cup-shaped discs.

In the center of these disks, extremely original, peculiarly shaped honeysuckle flowers are formed, growing directly from the leaf blades.

A single flower has a tubular, bell-shaped shape and reaches a length of 5-6 cm. Inside the flowers are white or yellowish, outside they have a purple-red tint, often with purple stripes. An additional decoration of flowers are far protruding stamens.

Flowering honeysuckle begins in early June and lasts up to 25 days. Abundantly blooming honeysuckle is a bright sight, and to this magic is added an amazingly delicate aroma, which is especially strong on quiet June evenings.

Liana remains decorative even after flowering, and in August it becomes even more beautiful. At this time, orange fruits tightly sitting on the leaves, as if ingrown into them, ripen. The berries are translucent, reminiscent of beads, very decorative.

OTHER "CAPRIFOLI"

It should be said that in addition to honeysuckle, there are about 20 more types of climbing honeysuckles. Some of them can grow in Central Russia. These are honeysuckle: curly, gray, offspring, yellow, gray-ash, etc. There are also hybrid varieties honeysuckle: American honeysuckle, Hecrotta. By the way, in everyday life, gardeners call all curly honeysuckles "one size fits all" - just capricoles.

honeysuckle curly(L.periclymenum) - in terms of endurance it is not inferior to honeysuckle. It grows as a climbing shrub up to 5 m long. The leaves are ovate, up to 6 cm long, green above, bluish below.

The flowers are yellowish inside, red outside, collected in capitate inflorescences at the ends of the shoots. Blooms in June for more than two weeks. It bears fruit, the berries are quite large, red.

Under our conditions, it winters steadily, does not require removal from supports. Only annual shoots freeze slightly, but this does not affect the condition of the vines. There are several popular and resistant varieties.

Belgian (f. belgica). It has denser leaves than the species. The flowers are purple on the outside.

Late (f. serotina). Differs later and long flowering. The flowers are dark red on the outside.

Graham Thomas (Graham Thomas) - has flowers creamy yellow inside and white outside.

HEKROTT'S HONESTURE(L. x hecrottii). Has a hybrid origin. Distinctive features Leaves are dark green above, glaucous below. The flowers are very bright, bicolor: carmine-red outside, yellowish-white inside. It blooms not very plentifully, but for a long time, from June to early autumn. In severe snowless winters, it freezes slightly, but quickly recovers and blooms annually. The length of the vine can reach 3 m.

BROWN HONESTURE(L. x brow-nii). It has a hybrid origin. Usually does not exceed 2 m in length. The leaves are ovate or obovate, light green above, bluish-gray below.

The flowers are extremely bright, orange in terminal racemes. Blooms in June-July, again in August-October. By the beauty of flowering, it claims to be superior among other honeysuckles. Frost resistance is satisfactory, it freezes only in the most severe winters. Can be grown in bush form.

THELMAN'S HONESTURE(Lonicera tellmanniana). In our conditions, it looks like a weakly growing shrub up to 4-5 m long. The leaves are broadly elliptical, up to 8-9 cm long, bright green.

The flowers are large, orange-yellow, slightly fragrant, in large capitate racemes at the ends of the shoots. In our conditions, abundant flowering of vines is observed every 3-4 years. After severe winters, the intensity of flowering decreases. At the same time, the liana has a high decorative effect due to rare beautiful leaves.

Every year slightly freezes, but quickly recovers, resistant to disease. Extraordinarily good

in landscaping mesh fences.

There is a lot in common in the agricultural technology of climbing honeysuckles, so we will consider their cultivation using honeysuckle as an example. This liana is demanding on soil fertility and moisture, therefore moisture-intensive, structural, humus loams are preferred for it. Honeysuckle is photophilous and blooms luxuriantly only in open places. With a lack of moisture and on sandy soils, honeysuckle is delayed in growth and almost does not bloom.

When planting creepers, they dig landing holes with a diameter and depth of about half a meter. The excavated soil is mixed with 1.5 - 2 buckets of rotted manure, sand is added to heavy clays. Fill the hole with soil mixture again. The first time after planting, the vines are watered frequently, and subsequently watering is regulated according to the weather, preventing drying out. This is not only necessary for good growth and development of the vine, but also contributes to abundant flowering.

Honeysuckle is responsive to fertilizer and top dressing. organic fertilizers in the form of mulch can be applied in the fall, at the end of September. At the same time, the root zone of the plant is covered with a layer of rotted compost or humus of 5-8 cm. This simultaneously warms the roots of the plants. Top dressing is practiced 1-2 times during the summer in May and early July, immediately after flowering. At the same time, 1.5-2 liters of a two-week mullein infusion are poured under the bushes.

Up to 6-8 years of age, plants, as a rule, are not pruned. An exception is the cutting of broken and frozen branches. Old bushes are gradually rejuvenated, leaving younger lashes, and old and drying ones are cut into a ring, followed by dressing the wounds with var. The most favorable time for pruning is early spring.

Capricole is propagated by seeds, cuttings, layering. In places of contact with the soil, the vine takes root during the summer, so the easiest way is to flatten it and pin it with hooks. In autumn, the plant can be cut into pieces, and after a year of growing, planted in a permanent place.

I usually propagate honeysuckle with green cuttings in mid to late June. This method is more technologically complicated, but allows you to get more seedlings.

Honeysuckle in your garden

The use of decorative vines in the garden requires famous taste and sequence of actions. This does not mean any particular complexity, not at all, because for many of us the taste is given by nature. In addition, it is not necessary to fantasize and invent. You will achieve what you want by simply imitating successful examples from books or real gardening.

AT decorative design honeysuckle is used for landscaping arches, arched gates, building facades. When decorating arches and gates, liana bushes are planted in pairs at each of the supports, letting their sleeves meet each other.

When landscaping facades and arbors, creepers are planted at a distance of 0.8-1.0 m from each other, taking into account the size of adult plants. The lashes of the vines are periodically tied up and guided, forming more or less dense, even surfaces. Without this, honeysuckle can look messy.

Mesh fences, planted with climbing honeysuckles, look very extraordinary. For this, I note, all their types and varieties are equally suitable. Bushes are planted quite often, after 30-60 cm, and after they develop, they give the appearance of flat walls with a systematic shearing from the sides.

Address: 600028, Vladimir, 24th passage, 12.

Smirnov Alexander Dmitrievich

www.vladgarden.narod.ru

Number of impressions: 7272

Large bright flowers, abundantly covering honeysuckle honeysuckle, fill the garden with an unusual aroma every spring. This vine is good with inedible, but very picturesque fruits in vertical gardening. In our review you will find information about planting honeysuckle, about what care is needed for it, about methods of reproduction.

About varieties and varieties of honeysuckle

All varieties of honeysuckle are divided into fruit and ornamental. Fruity view honeysuckle is a shrub with a height of 1 to 2 meters. Varieties of this species differ in terms of ripening, yield, taste of fruits. decorative look includes plants valued for their beauty.

Honeysuckle Tatar

This includes two groups:

Bushes - honeysuckle Tatar, Korolkov, alpine, ordinary, Maksimovich.
Lianas - honeysuckle, Telman's honeysuckle, curly, Brown.

Honeysuckle Telman

The most beautiful among the vines is honeysuckle honeysuckle, reaching a height of 6 m. Its young shoots, sometimes light green, sometimes all shades of red-violet, become covered with grayish-brown bark with age. Long stems are covered with large dense dark green leaves above and bluish below. In May-June, the shoots are decorated with fragrant multi-flowered exquisite inflorescences. Everyone has it pink flower white or cream core. A month later, fruits appear - orange balls that ripen in August. Although flowering lasts only about a month, the fragrant vine is decorative until late autumn.

honeysuckle honeysuckle

Honeysuckle looks great next to coniferous trees, weaving roses, other shrubs. It is enough to look at the photo of this powerful honeysuckle liana, which means goat in translation, to want to settle it on your site.

Attention: the fruits of honeysuckle honeysuckle cannot be eaten - they are poisonous.

In the sun, honeysuckle blooms more abundantly, so a place well lit by the sun is allocated for its planting. It is better to plant in the spring, and in order for the plant to develop correctly, support is needed. On average, honeysuckle grows by 1 m per year. It grows in one place for 50 years.

Features of planting honeysuckle

Lonicera caprifolium is planted in a permanent place immediately. It is believed that the goat liana prefers neutrally acidic soils. She does not like clayey or dry soils and develops poorly on them.

honeysuckle fruit honeysuckle

The landing process consists of several successive steps:

Attention: for honeysuckle, a slight deepening of the root neck is useful.

Care for honeysuckle honeysuckle

Winter hardiness in fragrant honeysuckle is high. The first 2 years will have to cover the ground around the roots with fallen leaves or peat, and then you can forget about this procedure. Scourges that have grown over the summer do not need pruning. If in the spring it turns out that in some places the stems are frozen, cut them - the buds on these shoots still do not form. Process further care consists of several important aspects:

Weed removal- is one of the important points in the process of caring for honeysuckle. They should be removed from the site before planting the bush, especially perennial weeds.

It is important that weed grass does not interfere with the development of honeysuckle.

Watering. Honeysuckle loves moisture. In summer, watering should be regular, and in drought, portions of water are doubled.

pruning- affects the development and formation of the bush. It is carried out immediately after disembarkation, otherwise the fast-growing honeysuckle will turn into a completely unattractive green shock. First, we cut the weak stems, leaving no more than 3 of the most reliable ones and shorten them by 1/3. Then we carry out regular inspections, we reject damaged and dry shoots, and when the liana reaches the planned height, we cut the top, then the bush will grow in breadth.

Tip: Pruning branches in the spring, after the buds appear. Cut the shoot above the bud using a pruner.

How and what to fertilize and feed

Goat honeysuckle reacts positively to top dressing, but you need to do it correctly:

at the end of autumn we introduce potash and phosphate fertilizers, pour compost, humus under the bushes;
in spring - the vine needs nitrogen, it is also useful to water it with diluted bird droppings or mullein.

Feed the plant twice a season

Reproduction of fragrant honeysuckle

It is easy to propagate honeysuckle, there are 4 ways to do this:

seeds;
cuttings;
layering;
dividing the main bush.

Honeysuckle from seeds

We harvest the seeds in July, for which we extract them from the pulp, rinse thoroughly, and dry. The complexity of this method lies in the fact that the seed material of honeysuckle does not germinate well. To fix the situation experienced gardeners It is recommended to pre-stratify fresh seeds. To do this, in the fall, pour wet sand into some container and pour out the seeds. Place the dishes in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf. Every 14 days we check the moisture content of the sand, sprinkle with water if it is dry.

To harvest seeds, you will need ripe honeysuckle fruits.

Thus, in the spring, the seeds will be prepared for planting. Sowing is carried out according to the following technology:

fill the box with nutrient substrate;
pour seeds with sand on top;
sprinkle the seed with a thin layer of soil;
moisturize;
cover with film or glass;
we remove the shelter after the emergence of shoots;
we move the seedlings to a permanent place in the fall, creating a shelter for them.

honeysuckle sprouts

It is possible to plant stratified seeds in the spring, somewhere in April, on the garden bed, making grooves 15-20 mm deep and closing them to a depth of 10 mm. In the summer they should be watered, prevented from overgrowing with weeds, covered with peat for the winter. In the spring of next year, the seedlings are ready for relocation to their permanent habitat.

Propagation of goat honeysuckle by cuttings

For this method of reproduction, it is necessary to prepare cuttings. It is better to do this before the end of the flowering period. not suitable as source material cuttings that do not break when bent - this indicates that they are not yet mature enough. There should be 2-3 internodes on the handle. We make the upper cut straight at a distance of 1.5 cm from the kidney, and the lower cut at an angle of 45 degrees. lower leaves remove completely, and shorten the top by ½. We plant the blanks in a greenhouse, protected from the sun, maintaining a distance between them of approximately 0.2 m. We make up the substrate for planting cuttings from peat, garden soil and sand (2: 1: 2).

Honeysuckle cuttings take root very easily

We spray the cuttings three times a day for a month. During this time, the first leaves are formed and the seedlings will no longer need shelter. In order for the sprouts to successfully endure the winter, we mulch them. We transplant into open ground in the spring.

Tip: harvest the cuttings from the middle part of the whip. Ideally, the workpiece is about 10 cm long and about 0.5 cm thick.

Reproduction by layering

This method is the simplest and most trouble-free. The algorithm is the following:

We select suitable shoots from spring or autumn.
We dig holes to a depth of about 0.2 m from the side of the layer.
We fill the seat with fertile soil with the addition of lime.
We bend the whip to the ground, laying it in a recess so that the top remains at the top.
We fix the layering using staples made of strong wire.
We fall asleep with a layer of soil, water and mulch.
We dig up young offspring of fragrant honeysuckle next spring, separated from the base plant, planted in a permanent place.

Reproduction of honeysuckle by layering is possible even for an inexperienced gardener

If honeysuckle is grown as a hedge, then the layers from the main bush may not be separated. Near the upper part that looks out of the ground, we simply install a support and tie a plant to it, which continues to develop as an independent bush.

The fourth method of reproduction is the division of the bush

From overgrown, well developed plant you can painlessly separate the part for transplantation:

dig a bush at the base;
take a sharp pruner and cut off the shoot with roots.

Reproduction by dividing the bush is a more time-consuming method

Or in another way:

we dig out the plant completely together with a large earthen clod;
we divide the bush into parts using a sharp shovel;
we process slices with ash or crushed coal;
shorten the shoots by a third of the length;
we put each share in a separate seat;
we begin to form a crown a year after the transplant procedure.

Diseases and pests of honeysuckle honeysuckle

The description of the signs and photos of honeysuckle diseases should be well studied, since it is often affected by them. Among the most dangerous diseases - ramulariasis. It manifests itself on young leaves in the form of grayish-brown spots with a brown middle. Later, stems and petioles are also affected - they begin to die off. The plant is weakened due to the loss nutrients. Spraying with "Fundazol", copper sulfate helps.

No less dangerous cercosporosis. On the leaves, something is formed in the form of dots with a red-brown border. Control methods are similar to those used for ramulariasis.

There are dangerous fungal diseases that affect honeysuckle

tuberculosis attacks honeysuckle branches. Red bumps appear on them. The spores of the fungus also settle in the bark. Shoots and leaves wither. The affected areas should be cut out and destroyed, and for prevention, spray the plants in the spring with Bordeaux liquid, copper sulphate.

Of the pests, the most dangerous is the aphid. With its presence, the leaves turn yellow, become stained, then die. Shoots are also damaged, because the larvae suck the juice out of them. They destroy aphids using drugs such as Eleksar, Aktellik, Confidor.

The typical variety of the genus Honeysuckle is honeysuckle honeysuckle, which has gained immense popularity in the vertical gardening of household plots. Curly liana, sung in many legends as a symbol of passion, devotion and highly decorative, will be a great addition to the landscape composition of a garden or a cozy courtyard.

plant description

Honeysuckle honeysuckle, also known as sweet honeysuckle, is a climbing shrub with a height of up to 6 m. Light green shoots, covered with oppositely arranged leaf plates, in the upper axils of which yellow-white flowers form, change color to brown as they age. In place of fragrant flowers during the fruiting period, which falls in the second half of summer, red berries are formed on short stalks, which creates the appearance that the fruits are glued to the leaves.

Fragrant liana is represented by two decorative forms:

Alba - plants with white flowers that bloom half a month earlier than the type species;
few-flowered - plants with pink-red flowers, the number of which is much less than that of the main species or the above form.

Planting honeysuckle honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) in open ground

To ornamental shrub retained its qualities, the landing should be carried out in compliance with the basic rules.

Soil requirement, site selection

Honeysuckle honeysuckle feels good in sunny areas or with light shading, the soil prefers drained and fertile. The soil is being prepared a few weeks before planting seedlings: organic and complex mineral fertilizers are applied for digging in the form of compost, humus, azofoska.

How and when to plant shrubs

The optimal time for planting shrubs in open ground is the second half of spring after the threat of return frosts has passed. When the site is prepared:
1. Planting pits with dimensions of 50x50 cm are dug, on the bottom of which a drainage layer of broken brick is placed, covered with fertile soil by ⅔ of the volume.
2. If planned hedge, then the distance between future seedlings is maintained at 1 m, and for group plantings - 1.5 m.
3. Seedlings with straightened roots are installed on the ground and buried in such a way that the root neck rises 5 cm above the ground.
4. If there is no wall or fence nearby, a support is immediately dug in in the form of metal or wooden slats.
5. The trunk circle is watered, after which the root collar is flush with the ground level.

Reproduction of fragrant vines

Ornamental culture can be propagated by seeds, cuttings and layering.

seed method

A laborious and lengthy process in which stratified seeds are distributed at the beginning of spring over the surface of a moist substrate prepared from peat and sand in equal parts. The containers are placed under glass and kept in a warm, bright room. When shoots appear, the protective glass is removed, and after the formation of 3 true leaves, a dive is carried out. In open ground planting material planted only at the end of next spring. Flowering of specimens obtained by the seed method is observed after 3-4 years.

cuttings

During the spring procedure:

1. Cuttings 15 cm long with 2 internodes are cut from the middle part of the shoots.
2. The cuttings are buried in a light, nutrient substrate for one internode.
3. Above landings are installed plastic bottles to create a greenhouse effect, which are systematically removed for ventilation and humidification.
4. After the formation of new leaves, the rooting process is considered successfully completed.
5. To a permanent place, new specimens are planted in a permanent place of cultivation.

Reproduction by layering

The most productive way, which is carried out in the spring. The lower shoot of the vine descends into a trench prepared in advance, where it is pinned and rooted. The top of the branch is left above ground level. During the summer, the layering is watered and fed, after which it is separated from the parent specimen and planted in a permanent place of growth.

Care for honeysuckle honeysuckle

Curly honeysuckle is quite unpretentious, so care will not take much time.

Watering

pledge successful cultivation moisture-loving culture is systematic watering, in which the near-trunk circle should always remain moist.

Humidification is carried out at the rate of 15-20 liters of water under a bush, with the purity adjusted depending on the rate of soil drying.

Loosening, weeding and mulching

After moistening, the soil is loosened and cleared of weeds. To prevent evaporation of moisture and reduce the frequency of weeding, loosening, the trunk circle is covered with a layer of mulch.

top dressing

To maintain soil fertility and provide abundant flowering decorative honeysuckle is fertilized twice per season:
with the help of organics in the spring;
foliar method using mineral complexes in the summer.

pruning

A decorative liana with fragrant flowers is subject not only to sanitary, but also to formative pruning:

1. Shaping haircut - in the first year after planting, honeysuckle shoots are shortened by ⅔ of the length. In the next season, 3-4 skeletal branches are left, and the rest are removed. During the growing season side shoots start on a support at the request of the gardener.
2. Sanitary pruning - the procedure is carried out after the awakening of the kidneys in order to identify dried shoots that will not turn green, but remain lifeless.

Preparing for winter

Species plants in adulthood are not sheltered. However, varietal, hybrid and young specimens are insulated with a thick layer of dry leaves as mulch. After protecting the root area, the plants are removed from the support, placed on the litter and covered with natural covering material.

Diseases, pests and methods of dealing with them

Despite good immunity, honeysuckle honeysuckle can be attacked by aphids and cabbage caterpillars, which should be controlled with insecticidal pesticides according to the instructions on the package. Among the diseases on the shoots of a plant, foci of development can be noted. powdery mildew and rust. As effective remedy Fungicides are used to control diseases. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to remove diseased shoots and clean the trunk circle well from infected plant residues after leaf fall.

Decorative honeysuckle in landscape design

Landscape designers practice the use of honeysuckle honeysuckle in vertical landscaping of a personal plot. Via climbing liana:
beautiful hedges are created;
unsightly corners of the site are decorated, including the walls of outbuildings;
gazebos are decorated;
fences are made to separate the zones of the garden.
Thus, thanks to the decorative creeper, the gardener, with minimal physical and time costs, will be able to green the site, filling it with bright colors and a wonderful aroma.