How to make a wheel for a band sawmill. Do-it-yourself sawmill at home: instructions and recommendations

Edged board is an environmentally friendly and easy-to-process material, but the cost of 1 cubic meter quality wood will be quite expensive. In the case when you need to purchase a large number of building materials, many home craftsmen are thinking about making lumber on their own.

For self-production of high-quality boards or timber, one cannot do without the use of special woodworking devices. New equipment will cost tens of thousands of rubles. Therefore, if you wish to engage in the independent manufacture of such a device, the article will describe step by step guide how to make a band sawmill with your own hands with minimal financial costs.

A band sawmill is a machine that performs longitudinal sawing of logs. Thanks to the ability to precisely adjust the position of the cutting surface, it is possible to produce lumber of various thicknesses.

The design of the sawmill consists of the following main elements:

• Band saw.
• clamping mechanism.
• frame movement mechanism.
• Web height adjustment devices.

An electric motor with a power of at least 5 kW is installed on the machine. A sawmill with an engine from a walk-behind tractor can be made, but the noise of such an installation will be much higher than when using an electric unit.

During the operation of the installation, the torque is transmitted by means of a belt drive to the working pulleys on which the saw blade is mounted. The saw mechanism must necessarily have in its design a spring or hydraulic stretching device to automatically adjust the extension width of the pulleys to compensate for the thermal expansion of the metal strip during operation.

For processing roundwood, frame with installed band saw and power plant moves along the fixed material on rails mounted on a concrete base. Adjustment of the height of the saw blade relative to the lower point of the sawmill is carried out by a screw mechanism, which is designed in such a way as to exclude the possibility of distortion during operation of the installation.

To securely hold the log during sawmill operation, the workpiece is placed between the guides and fixed with special hooks. After laying and fixing the log, the operator makes a smooth movement of the movable part of the installation, during which the cutting of the upper part of the log occurs. After completing one cycle, the cutting surface is lifted and the frame moves to its original position.

When using a homemade sawmill, you will need to move the carriage over the log manually, while factory settings allow you to almost completely automate the lumber manufacturing process. The quality of the timber or board, with proper manufacture do-it-yourself sawmills do not differ from materials produced on modern equipment.

What you need for a homemade sawmill

It is possible to independently manufacture complex devices and mechanisms from metal only if you have the skills to use it. A do-it-yourself band sawmill cannot be mounted without welded joints.

In addition to the welding machine, you will need to prepare the following tools for work:

1. Electric drill.
2. Drills for concrete and metal.
3. Pliers.
4. Spanners.
5. Set of locksmith clamps.
6. Building level.
7. Nuts and bolts.
8. Concrete mixer.

To make the base of the sawmill, you will need a concrete mixer. In the absence of a factory model, the device can be made independently from a steel barrel.

To install a homemade woodworking installation, you will need to purchase the following materials:

• Metal corner 50 mm.
• Rollers or ball bearings.
• profile pipe.
• Steel pipe.
• Electric or gasoline engine.
• 2 long screws with nuts.
• Chain transmission.
• Wheels and hubs from passenger car.
• Cement, sand and crushed stone for concrete mortar.

When all the tools and materials are prepared, it is necessary to make drawings of a sawmill for wood.

Drawings for a homemade sawmill

To make a drawing homemade machine, it is enough to draw on paper a reduced copy of a woodworking device indicating the dimensions of each part and mechanism.

When designing a band sawmill, it is advisable to set the length value to at least 6 and the width to 3 meters. Only in this case it will be possible to produce homemade device sawn timber of standard length.

According to the sketches of the woodworking installation, it will not be difficult to calculate the amount of materials for the manufacture of the frame and guide rails. In order to strengthen the structure between the two parallel corners of the guides, transverse amplifiers must be installed, the distance between which should not exceed 1 meter.

If a do-it-yourself band sawmill made by yourself will be used indoors, then you will need to make a drawing of only the main device. When placing a woodworking installation in an open area, it is advisable to make a canopy, a drawing of which should also be drawn up before proceeding with practical implementation this project.

Making the foundation

Only a properly prepared base for the sawmill will allow the frame with the saw mechanism to move evenly. The slab on which the guide rails will be installed is made according to the principle of erecting a conventional strip foundation.

The base must be poured on a gravel-sand cushion with a thickness of at least 15 cm.

To increase the strength of the slab, a metal reinforcing mesh is laid on the base before concrete is poured. After pouring concrete, it must be cured for at least 2 weeks in order to achieve maximum strength grounds.

Making a sawmill: step by step instructions

Homemade band sawmill do-it-yourself mounted using wheels from a car, belt drive and engine.

A corner or channel is used as guides. The corner is used with a section of at least 50 * 50 mm. The material is laid strictly parallel, with the inner edge up, at a pre-calculated distance.

Then sleepers are installed between the corners, which are cut from profile pipe section 50 * 100 mm. When welding transverse reinforcements, care must be taken not to overheat the guides, which can lead from high temperature. When the sleepers are welded to the guides, fixation is made metal structure to concrete base with anchor bolts.

After finishing work on fixing the rail to the concrete base, on which the carriage will move, a bed is installed in the middle part of the "railway" track to fix the timber. To hold the roundwood, an H-shaped post with side ledges is welded to the sleepers. Minimum Height the retaining device rod should not be less than 100 mm.

Ball bearings can be used as sawmill rollers. For each axis of the frame, it is necessary to select 2 bearings of a larger diameter and 4 - 6 of a smaller one. The difference in diameter depends on the height of the corner rib. For example, if a 50 * 50 mm angle is used as a guide, then the difference in the outer diameters of the bearings should be 100 mm. In this case, the internal diameters of the parts must be equal.

The manufacture of the frame begins with the installation of 2 steel pipe guides. The guides are installed in a vertical position, after which sliders are mounted on them, the inner diameter of which should be minimally different from the outer diameter of the guide pipes.

The carriage bed is welded from a profile pipe. This element must be reliable design rectangular shape, on which vertical guides will then be welded, and in the lower part - an axle with bearings.

The movement of the carriage in the vertical plane is carried out using a screw mechanism, which is installed on both sides of the guide tubes. The nut is welded to the slider, and long studs are fixed at the top of the frame. In order to ensure easy rotation of the adjusting mechanism, it is recommended to install the studs on the bearings on both sides.

To ensure synchronous rotation of the screw mechanism, small bicycle sprockets of the same diameter should be welded to each stud, between which a chain drive is made using a bicycle chain. To ensure a constant tension of the chain mechanism, its design must necessarily have a roller, on the lever of which a spring is installed.

Wheels and hubs from a rear-wheel drive car will be used as pulleys in a homemade sawmill. To ensure easy rotation of the drive, it is necessary to assemble the bearing assembly, which will be welded on both sides to the cross member of the carriage. A pulley is installed on one of the hubs, to which torque will then be transmitted from an electric or gasoline engine.

To increase the safety of using the saw mechanism, a saw support assembly is installed at the bottom of the carriage near each of the wheels, which consists of an axle on which several small-diameter ball bearings are installed. From the side of the hub on which the pulley was installed, the power unit is mounted.

If an internal combustion engine is used, then a spring-loaded roller is used to tension the V-belt drive. To tension the belt in the case of using an electric motor, the unit is installed on a small platform that can be moved in a horizontal plane.

At the next stage, a container for lubricating and washing liquid is installed on the sawmill, from which it is necessary to bring the tube to the cutting unit. Then, a casing is made of a metal corner and tin over the cutting unit, after which you can start the first start-up of a home-made woodworking machine, having previously installed a band saw between the wheels.

Residents of small towns or villages are well aware of the role that any woodworking equipment plays in their lives, which, most likely, many had to use in their work. Nowadays construction market full of big amount different models woodworking equipment, and the most popular are sawmills. All sawmills are divided into frame, disk and band, which differ in appearance cutting tool. The tire sawmill is radically different from them in its own device.

The purpose of the tire sawmill

Man has been using wood for a long time different breeds for the manufacture of items that are necessary for him to live. During this time, people worked on the modernization of woodworking equipment. Hand saws, which were used before, have practically sunk into oblivion. They were replaced by more modern and convenient machines, which include a chainsaw, a multi-saw and edge trimming machine, as well as tire sawmills.

Any construction or maintenance of buildings is accompanied by large cash outlays, which is associated with wood processing: sawing timber, harvesting boards, making rafters, beams or furniture parts. All this, of course, you can buy at retail in a distribution network, however, when buying a brand new tire sawmill, all expenses will pay off quickly, and with the help of your own woodworking machine you will build a house, a bathhouse, a garage, a country house and a summer gazebo.

The main purpose of a home-made tire sawmill is high-quality longitudinal sawing of logs of any type of wood for the manufacture of unedged and edged board, veneer, slats, gun carriage, timber and sawing thinner. This type of sawmill is designed for the production of small quantities of sawn timber, the processing of non-standard logs and the production of special sizes of workpieces.

Tire sawmills do not require installation large area and can be freely installed on a limited land plot. Of course, a chain sawmill will not replace a rounding machine or a crown cutter, but you can cut a beam and make a board with your own hands. In the photo of tire sawmills you will see that they distinguish between machines that work from electrical network and are stationary installations, as well as autonomous options that run on gasoline, with which you can go into the forest and harvest the necessary lumber.

Tire sawmill construction

The tire sawmill consists of a bed, pressure stops, a movable cart, rollers, a carriage, an electric motor, a tire and chain saw. The frame of the sawmill is light in weight, so it can be transported in the trunk of a car. The tire sawmill can be relatively easily moved and installed in the immediate vicinity of the log being sawn - in a lumber yard or construction site.

It is possible to cut logs of almost any length on the tire sawmill. And if you provide in the drawing of a home-made tire sawmill additional installation one more section, then this way you can increase the length of the log by another couple of meters. This is considered very beneficial when building a house or country house for the production of floors.

The design of the clamping stops is quite simple and convenient. Two clamps are located at the end and the beginning of the log, the log is pressed against the stop flags with screws. During sawing, the stops can be lowered to the appropriate level.

The mobile trolley can be assembled from a steel plate, which has a thickness of 5-6 millimeters. It includes a steering wheel and a thrust corner. Then it is placed on rollers or bearings. As a chain for moving the cart, you can use the chain from the combine. The use of a sharpened ripping chain saw ensures that the cutting surface is even. Such a saw is fixed on a special carriage, which moves along the frame by means of a rail.

Its role is perfectly performed by two steel channels, which are 8 meters long and 0.14 meters high. At a distance of a meter and a half along the entire length of the channels, holes are made into which it is customary to install screeds, for example, from segments of a water pipe. The entire design of a do-it-yourself tire sawmill requires installation on racks.

The power unit on the tire sawmill can be a three-phase electric motor, which has a power of 5.5 kW, or you can use an automatic four-stroke gasoline engine with a power of 5.5 horsepower. The sawing speed in this case is 18.6 and 9.7 meters per second, respectively. The electric motor is placed on top on special welded corners.

The tire and chain on the sawmill are used as usual. When sawing, the rigidity of the tire eliminates the appearance of a number of defects, such as, for example, a wave, and the sawing accuracy reaches ± 1 millimeter per 6 meters of length. When sawing with a bar, the thickness of the cut is not greater than when using circular saw. At the end, a convenient fixing device is installed on the tire sawmill, which is designed to secure the log.

The principle of operation of the tire sawmill

The operating principle of a tire sawmill is similar to that of a band sawmill. The log lies motionless during processing, and the cut is carried out using a saw, which is mounted on a moving carriage. The main difference between these models lies in the use of a chain saw attached to the tire.

The saw chain is much cheaper than those found in band sawmills, is faster and easier to prepare for work and has a long service life. But the tape canvas cannot be used after work for 10 hours, so that it restores its properties. If the teeth are sharpened or set incorrectly, then the band blade becomes unusable, and the lumber is of poor quality or unsuitable for use.

Thus, the use of tape fabric in the private sector is associated with many problems. Saw chains, which are used in tire sawmills, do not need such care and careful preparation to work, as evidenced by a video about a tire sawmill with your own hands. The chain is sharpened and immediately installed on the sawmill. Moreover, even when poor quality sharpening, the quality of the cut will not suffer: it will be excellent due to the rigidity of the tire, and waviness and barrel shape will not occur under any circumstances.

Tire sawmills can be installed in any premises if the protection condition is met electrical equipment from the effects of precipitation. It must be enclosed spaces or open areas. The sawmill is placed on a flat area. Under the rail track in its absence, it is customary to put anchors. The rail track and the tire on the carriage are set horizontally.

Sawing on a tire sawmill is carried out in a horizontal plane, while moving manually tire carriage. The movement is carried out along the guide elements relative to the processed log, which is located motionless. The height adjustment knob is turned manually, lowering or raising the tire.

To increase the useful life of a new chain, it is first recommended to immerse it in oil and keep it overnight. If the drive sprocket is worn out, you can not put a new chain on it, as it is necessary to change the old sprocket, as shown in the video about the tire sawmill. Keep an eye on the chain tension during operation, which must be carefully adjusted, and tire lubrication, so regularly pump oil into the nose sprocket of the tire with an oil can.

Intensive work at the tire sawmill makes it necessary to regularly sharpen the saw chains. On average, sharpening is done every one and a half to two hours, depending on the density of the wood being cut. To sharpen the saw chain, use grinding machine, which easily adjusts to any saw pitch and sharpening angle. To ensure that the sawing process does not stop, it is recommended that you always have a supply of spare saw chains on hand.

Tire sawmill manufacturing

Tire sawmill, made by hand, will become a reliable assistant in the subsidiary farm. It is customary to produce a bed from 2 steel channels, which have a length of 8 and a height of 0.14 meters. In addition, metal corners or rails are used. Blanks need those that have an ideal straight shape. Along the length of the channels, holes are made with a diameter of about 14-16 millimeters at a distance of approximately 1.5 meters, which can be seen in the drawings of tire sawmills.

In accordance with the number of holes, it is necessary to make special screeds from pipe sections for water supply. Parts must be secured with bolts or threaded studs. The components of the sawmill structure, which are pre-prepared, must be assembled together and installed on racks. The number of racks depends on the length. The end posts are placed at a distance of up to one meter from the end of the rails.

To give the structure rigidity, it is necessary to rationally fix the braces. Then install a movable cart, which can be assembled from a steel plate, 4-6 millimeters thick and 0.6 meters long, depending on the size of the electric motor. For the trolley, select clamping plates and spacers.

The elements are responsible for ensuring the free movement of the mechanism, as shown in the video about homemade tire sawmills. At the same time, an extremely minimum clearance is required. The gaskets are fastened with bolts. Eliminate side play by attaching a stop angle to the cart. The trolley can be mounted on rollers or bearings.

Pressed on the shaft of the electric motor aluminum profile with two streams. The force from the motor through two belts is transmitted to the pulley, which is placed on the cutting arm. Pulleys that have a diameter of 80 millimeters along the outer edge can be taken from a walk-behind tractor. The driven pulley transmits the force through the roller, rotated on two bearings, to the sprocket, and then to the saw chain.

The chain is used to move the cart with the saw and motor. The chain on the tire sawmill should be well taut, as in the photo of a homemade tire sawmill. Belts and chains can be tensioned manually by fixing with two bolts and nuts. You can additionally put a tension bolt on the chain tensioner, but the force of the tongs is enough for the chain to be well tensioned. It is recommended to lubricate the chain constantly with machine oil to facilitate the operation of the chain.

The steering wheel is mounted on one of the sprocket bushings, which are located along the edges of the guides. After that, you can start manufacturing a fixing device for the log: movable rods are inserted into pipes with a diameter of 3-4 centimeters, which enter the stopper at the required height with an M8 screw. Clamping parts are fixed over the rods, which have a length of at least 1.5 centimeters and cam clamps.

Using a homemade sawmill

After you have made a homemade tire sawmill, you can proceed with its installation. The sawmill is mounted on guide rails with four support rollers. The rollers can be converted from the tensioners of the same walk-behind tractor. Remember that the bar and chain must be special for ripping. The sharper the chain, the easier it is to cut wood. On the day you will have to change from 2 to 4 chains. In the photo of tire sawmills, you can see the characteristics of the chain and tire.

To set the thickness of the sawn boards, you can install a vertical screw, in which the frame moves with the saw unit during rotation. To begin with, set the size according to the ruler, and when you become an experienced framer, you will be able to set the thickness of the blanks by the turns of the screw.

At the beginning of work, fix the log according to the drawings of the tire sawmill with your own hands, open the tap on the oil tank, start the electric motor, lower the frame with the screw and you can start moving the tire sawmill. The effort with which the sawmill will move along the rails is small. This indicator depends on the thickness of the log, the species and branchiness of the tree, the condition of the wood - dry or fresh, as well as the level of sharpness of the chain.

A self-made sawmill is capable of sawing any wood, but it is advisable to use freshly harvested, and not dried, as they say, steamed. It is easier to saw softwood logs, soft hardwoods - alder, maple, poplar, aspen, harder - ash, elm, oak. The hardest thing to work with is steamed acacia, because this breed has a very dense and hard wood.

A homemade sawmill is able to saw a log, maximum length which is 7 meters, and the maximum diameter is 40 centimeters. Sawing speed wood material can be characterized as follows - a three-meter board made of pine blanks, which has a diameter of 25 centimeters, is sawn through in 7 minutes.

Thus, you have learned how to make a tire sawmill yourself. The tire sawmill is distinguished by high-quality sawing of wood, accuracy, compactness, low price of the tire sawmill, simple design, reliability, light weight, ergonomic operation, ease of transportation, durability and safety. If you have a large construction site ahead of you, then it's time to think about making a tire machine, which is designed for longitudinal processing of logs.

If you calculate what components make up the final cost of lumber - the price of wood + processing + transportation to the destination - it becomes clear what you can save on. Wood blanks (board, timber, slats) are one of the most used samples in the field of construction and repair.

Given the simplicity of working with a tree, it makes sense to deal with its "dissolution" directly on the site. It is enough just to make a sawmill. This article will acquaint you with typical drawings, the procedure for making its tape modification with your own hands, and some design features.

The expediency of such a decision will become even more obvious if you look at the prices for factory sawmills on the websites. They are available for sale, but the cost of the installations is such that most of us are unlikely to want to purchase any model for household use. Depending on the series (in rubles): "Kedr" - from 138,000 to 194,000, "Taiga" - from 116,890 to 172,400. And these are still relatively inexpensive samples. Only mini-machines are cheaper (about 94,000), but they are unlikely to satisfy all the needs of the owner of a private house in woodworking.

There are several modifications of this type of equipment. But if we are talking about assembling a sawmill with your own hands, then the choice is small - an option with a fixed position of the saw and a movable bed (trolley) on which the workpiece is located. It is she who moves in the process of woodworking along special guides (rails). Everything else is improvements, "services" that facilitate the work of staff and ensure product quality. For example, a mobile saw.

Here are some easy-to-make models of homemade band sawmills.

Design features

The dimensions of the sawmill are determined depending on its location. Plots (adjoining, country or other) differ in layout, so the owner will have to choose the optimal size of the installation on his own. All drawings that are available (special literature, the Internet) can only serve as "guidelines" - in terms of the ratio of individual parts, their linear parameters etc. With your own hands, the sawmill is made in a way that is more convenient to work in a particular place and with a certain type of raw material. Basically, such equipment is used for dissolving logs and trimming boards.

What to consider when designing a sawmill

The design of this type of installation is good in that it can be constantly refined and improved, more precisely “customizing” its characteristics and capabilities to the growing needs of the owner. For example, if it was originally planned for the dissolution of logs into boards, then it is quite possible that after a while the question of organizing own production timber.

It is assembled according to a block-modular scheme, and in the absence of practical experience in the manufacture of complex mechanisms, it is advisable to start with the simplest options. band sawmill with manual control later it will be easy to equip with automation elements (cut thickness control, saw feed, programmer, etc.). That is why further - general instructions for drawing up band sawmill drawings and assembling. The author strongly recommends that you follow the sequence and install the first installation in your life according to a simplified scheme.

There are many modifications of band sawmills. The first question is in what plane is it supposed to cut? This determines the location of the working tool. Second - will the products of the same type be manufactured or will it be necessary to use the sawmill as a universal device? For example, not only for dissolving timber into boards, but also for cutting logs into separate segments. All this is taken into account in advance. It is desirable that the frame on which the working saw is attached can be reinstalled.

Logs that bloom on a band sawmill are characterized by significant weight. During operation, its frame is also subjected to dynamic loads. The main attention is the stability of the band saw equipment. This is both the quality of the cut and the safety of the attendants.

Making a band sawmill is half the battle. Its competent operation requires certain skills in setting up. The main "pitfall" is the wiring and sharpening of the saw. This issue should be studied in detail!

Preparatory activities

Location selection

If there is suitable premises, then it should be noted that its usable area should not be less than 18 "squares". This is enough to dissolve even large logs on a band sawmill.

In the private sector, rarely anyone can allocate an empty building or at least a compartment for installation. As a rule, woodworking has to be done on the street. It is unlikely that the neighbors in adjacent areas will applaud the sawdust and small chips flying in the wind. Yes, and your own territory will quickly become littered. Conclusion - after assembling the band sawmill, you will immediately have to deal with the construction of a solid type fence. For example, from polycarbonate sheets or plywood.

In addition, you will have to decide in advance where the storage of finished lumber will be organized. Therefore, next to the sawmill there should be at least a small, but free piece of land.

This is what should be taken into account when choosing a workplace for equipment.

Choice of materials and components

Engine. As a rule, one of two types is used - gasoline or electric. The main thing is to match the power. From a practical point of view (if anyone has any doubts) the asynchronous el/motor is much better. Firstly, the problem with connecting to the house electric / network from the category of solvable. Secondly, such a mechanism is neither in TO nor in frequent repairs does not need (unlike benzo / unit). Thirdly, the constancy of speed will ensure the high quality of cutting logs at the sawmill. Materials. Given the weight of the processed wood, only metal products are everywhere. Which? For the moving part (trolley) on which the workpiece is placed, a profiled (thick-walled) square or rectangular section. But the support frame of the tape installation, taking into account the total load, should be mounted from the channel. Accordingly, the rails for the movement of the trolley are from the clearance corner (at least 45). Although you can use the same channel, only with smaller linear parameters.

Tools and equipment

Here it is short - you can not do without a welding machine. With regard to the sawmill, bolted connections should not be practiced. Over time, one way or another, but they will loosen up, and doing daily monitoring of the condition and tightening is not the best prospect.

Sawmill drawings

Below are drawings of a simple band sawmill, which you can easily adapt to your conditions and needs, observing the proportions and principles of operation:

Features of the assembly of the band sawmill

The algorithm of actions is quite simple. Difficulty - in the manufacture (with adjustment in size) of the components.

support platform

A trolley with lumber will move along it. Plus, a frame is attached to the rails, on which the working tool is located. The main requirements are the reliability of such a support and alignment in a horizontal plane. On what to fix it - a specially equipped foundation (for example, columnar) or on racks dug into the ground - is decided on the spot.

Cart

Its purpose has already been mentioned. In order for the log to be in a fixed position during sawing, the mobile frame should be equipped with a “clamp”, which will firmly press the workpiece to the frame and prevent it from moving. Accordingly, the trolley must have wheels to ensure its mobility.

saw frame

The difficulty is in providing the possibility of changing the position of the cutting tool. If there is no regulation mechanism, then all products will turn out to be calibrated (of the same standard size, although the same). There are several engineering solutions, so this issue will have to be dealt with separately. It is pointless to give something specific, without knowing what modification of the sawmill is in question.

The general manufacturing procedure and features of work are noted in the article. The author recommends that you first decide for what purposes it is supposed to assemble a band sawmill. And only then look for best option. You can simply copy the available drawings and assemble the installation of other sizes with your own hands, observing scaling. Or take a specific scheme as a basis, modifying (modifying) it for your own needs.

Good luck in designing a band sawmill!

A favorite material in construction, in the manufacture of utensils for the home and household, as well as a variety of decorative items, furniture, etc., like hundreds of years ago, wood remains. And the owner, who has the skills to work with equipment and skillful hands, can make a sawmill with his own hands.

This will allow you to be able to harvest boards and other lumber on the spot according to your own needs, right size and type, and it will cost much cheaper than buying finished products. This is especially true when processing a large number boards and other lumber.

Although it is generally accepted that the best option there will be a purchase of a finished sawmill, but it is also possible and affordable to make it yourself if you have the desire and minimal working skills. Based on this, it is worth understanding the question - how to make a sawmill on your own, so that it is reliable, convenient, safe and meets the requirements for these specific purposes.

When setting yourself the task of making a sawmill with your own hands, you should first of all decide on the amount of work for which this unit is planned to be used, as well as the type and geometry of wood (raw materials). Based on these parameters, you can already choose the type of sawmill, which the best way suitable for the task at hand.

When designing and manufacturing a mini-sawmill with your own hands, maximum attention should be paid to safety - any equipment of this class is high-risk equipment and requires a very attentive attitude.

The presence of a sawmill is invaluable in the household of a master who often works with wood, because it will help solve such non-trivial problems for self made questions like:

• produce a significant number of products of the same size and shape;
• sawing logs according to a predetermined scheme.

At industrial sawmills, logs are processed according to two standard schemes:

1. Sawing up a fixed log with a cutting element mounted on a mobile trolley;
2. The log is pushed (or pulled) along the rolls or rollers through the cutting stationary block.

In the self-manufacturing of a sawmill, both of these schemes are used, and its specific type is selected depending on the design planned for assembly.

If we talk about the varieties of sawmills, then the main ones are angular, tape, chain. Additionally, when it comes to homemade units, it is worth highlighting devices using a chainsaw as a basis. Each of the listed types has a number of features and design differences from others, therefore, requires separate consideration.

Important! To manufacture a high-quality, reliable, safe and efficient unit on your own, you must not only carefully select the type, scheme, material and parts, but also work out and prepare drawings that you must strictly follow.

Band sawmill

The general principle of operation of a band sawmill is that the trolley with a band saw blade moves along a log rigidly fixed on a stationary platform, cutting it. The location of the sawing part of the tape is horizontal, and the tape itself is well stretched. By adjusting the height of the band saw, the size (thickness) of the sawn off part of the log (board, beam, etc.) is calibrated. Such a device can usually work with logs weighing up to 300 kg.

Assembling a sawmill of this variety is quite difficult on its own, since achieving coherence in the work of all elements of the unit is a difficult task to achieve. In addition, for the installation of the structure, it is necessary to select special components, tools and fixtures, to draw up fairly complex drawings, taking into account all the structural elements.

The assembly of the complex must begin with the preparation of a flat area right size and sealing its surface (if it does not have a hard coating). The next stage of work will be the assembly of the frame of the unit, which should begin with the manufacture and installation of rails for the trolley. As a rail, you can use the corner installed with the shelf up.

Sleepers from a pipe, channel or angle are welded between the two rails for their reliable fastening to each other. Mobile fasteners for logs are adapted to the sleepers, which must securely fasten wood of any (within the limits planned for processing) diameter.

Now it is necessary, according to the prepared drawing, to assemble and install the mobile trolley on the rails and check its progress along the entire length working area. The scheme will also require wheels (you can use car assemblies, along with tubes and tires), which are used to tension the band saw. It is their installation on the frame - the next stage of installation.

It remains to mount the electric motor, connect it by means of a pulley to the mechanism of the unit and check the operation by a test run.

After checking the operation of mechanisms and parts, you can install tension tape saws, adjust and test run the sawmill.

Chain type installation

A do-it-yourself tire sawmill, according to its principle of operation, is very similar to a band saw, but it does not use a band saw blade, but a chain saw as a cutting element.

However, it should be noted that its structural design is much simpler, the installation itself is smaller, a smaller number of parts that require significant adjustment are used - this, in combination, makes the mini-tire sawmill easier to manufacture and use on its own than a band sawmill.

The beginning of the manufacturing process also begins with the preparation of the work site on which the metal carcass future sawmill in such a way as to provide free access to it from any side. A frame is assembled from profiled metal, in which technological holes are drilled (the number will depend on the required step). Now you need to mount the frame with stiffeners. As a result, the base of the machine is assembled.

A movable trolley is assembled on the frame by installing stops, gaskets, clamps and an electric motor. After checking the performance of all parts and structural elements, you can install and tension the saw chain and make a test cut, make adjustments and get to work.

Mini-sawmill angular disk

A do-it-yourself angle saw blade is very useful in a home workshop for processing wood in different type lumber. Perhaps this is the most versatile and powerful mini-sawmill - to make more complex structure will not work.

Important! The design of the angle sawmill is the most optimal for self-manufacturing - units of this class have a very high price and are inaccessible. In addition, it is multifunctional and can process very large volumes of raw materials.

After preparing the drawings and acquiring all the necessary components and structural elements, it is necessary to prepare, as in previous cases, a site for installation. A base-frame is assembled on it, the material for which is taken metal pipes and guides of increased strength (the design involves heavy loads, and the material must comply with them).

Guides for a mobile platform should ideally be made of rails, again due to increased loads. The next stage in the assembly of the carriage should be distinguished by increased attention to the maximum observance of dimensions according to the drawing.

It is best to use a chain as a torque transmission, although if the design is not well thought out, this can lead to increased heating of the transmission mechanism. For safety reasons, all moving parts of the drive must be guarded or enclosed.

Chainsaw as the basis for a sawmill

A chainsaw is available from most craftsmen who constantly work with wood. Due to availability, low cost and simplicity, a sawmill can be made quite simply from a chainsaw with your own hands. Variants of a mini-sawmill, the main element of which is petrol saw, quite a lot, but all of them are distinguished by simplicity, small size, mobility (it can be easily moved from place to place).

Important! In the vast majority of cases, individual craftsmen do not need heavy-duty installations and huge volumes of raw material processing. Therefore, in terms of ease of assembly, cost, ease of maintenance, do-it-yourself sawmill from a chainsaw - optimal solution for your own farm.

To make a mini sawmill from a chainsaw, you will need the following components:

• channels;
• metal corners;
• rails;
• chainsaw as the main element.

At the place prepared for work, which, if necessary, needs to be leveled, a frame is assembled with holes for fasteners and screeds from metal pipes. Fastening is done with bolts. It is necessary to constantly control the angular dimensions so that exact perpendiculars (right angles) are observed. Additional stiffeners should be provided in the design, which will strengthen the structure.

The basis for the mobile platform is a metal plate with two corners welded on the underside. This base is mounted on rollers ( better bearings). On the top of the plate, corners should be welded to which the chainsaw will be attached.

The last step is the installation of the structure for reliable fastening of the log when it is cut.

As practice shows, even with not too great skills in construction and mechanics, a sawmill is not very difficult to make with your own hands. The main thing is attentiveness, strict adherence to the data indicated in the drawing and “straight hands”. During operation, it is also necessary to observe safety measures, since this type of equipment is highly risky.

Not everyone can afford the purchase of a finished sawmill, especially since it only pays off with constant use (read commercial). Is it possible to make a sawmill with your own hands? What difficulties should a do-it-yourselfer who decides to independently saw up unprocessed logs into industrial wood face?

Homemade band sawmill

Let's make a reservation right away - it is very difficult to make a band sawmill yourself. The point is not so much in the components, extensive turning and welding work, the need for sharpening and wiring the saw in a special way, but in the well-functioning performance of the entire complex.

It is necessary to ensure the loading and stability of movement up to 300 kg of one log, the adjustment of the cutting thickness, and most importantly, safety precautions. But if the availability of free wood won, we make a band sawmill with our own hands.

We will explain the principle of tape cutting with an example: take two spools of thread, stretch a thin tape between them. Forcibly rotating the tape - we cut the log, the distance between the tapes is the maximum size of the beam. It is convenient to cut boards with band saws.

We start with the choice of a production area or premises - at least 3x6 m, verified. The second most important is the metal wheels of the cart and band saw, this must be found or bought. To order a frame of a belt mechanism with wheels, but it is better to buy a ready-made one. Do-it-yourself manufacturing requires skills and a lot of high-precision tooling.

View 1: 1 - rack; 2 - roller; 3 - plate; 4 - screw; 5 - chain; 6 - guide bracket; 7 - movable comb; 8 - screw; 9 - fixed comb; 10 - remote control.
View 2: 1 - pulley for starting the engine (if a three-phase motor is connected to single-phase network); 2 - engine; 3 - pulley; 4 - shaft; 5 - housing with bearing; 6 - base; 7 - flywheel; 8 - finger; 9 - connecting rod; 10 - saw; 11 - screw M14x2; 12 - roller; 13 - guide corner; 14 - rack; 15 - steering wheel; 16 - sleeve; 17 - asterisk; 18 - nut М14х2; 19 - locknut; 20 is an asterisk.

We install guides - any strong, even metal: I-beam, channel, corner, under them after 0.5 m of a support or anchor for stability. The distance between the guides is the diameter of the largest log with a margin of about 0.7 m. Maintaining the geometry, we weld everything together. We attach the wheels, the frame of the belt mechanism, the electric motor through the pulley to the trolley.

Consider a mechanism for changing the horizontal movement of the saw relative to the log. By moving the trolley relative to the fixed log, we cut off the horizontal layer of wood - we make boards.

Circular sawmills have received the greatest handicraft use due to their versatility and ease of manufacture. We will make a circular sawmill with our own hands. Most importantly, we will need a circular saw - a disc of more than 500 mm (the more, the better). The propeller is usually an electric motor, through a pulley that increases the speed.

1 - main sleeper ( steel pipe 80x80x3, 5 pieces); 2 - lining ( steel sheet, 40x10x1.22 pieces); 3 - canvas guide (steel channel No. 8, L1750, 4 pcs.); 4 - trolley (hoist carriage); 5 - lower bracket (steel channel No. 18, 2 pcs); 6 - plate - base (stylish sheet s5); 7 - bolt M20) (4 pcs.); 8 - Grover's washer (4 pcs.); 9 - nut M20 (4 pcs.); 10 - asynchronous three-phase electric motor (220 V, 5 kW, 930 rpm); 11 — upper bracket (steel angle 45×45); 12 - blade of a circular saw; 13 - protective casing (steel sheet s2); 14 - steel pin (8 pcs.); 15 - hub of the circular saw (St5); 16 - persistent handle ( water pipe 3/4″); 17 - cutting slab; 18 — kerchief resistant (steel sheet s5); 19 — comb (steel angle 45×45, L400); 20 - log; 21 - M30 bolt; 22 - split washer; 23 - washer-lock (steel sheet sЗ); 24 - thrust crossbar (steel corner 45 × 45); 25 - shortened sleeper (steel pipe 80x40x3, 6 pcs.); 26 - pad for extending the web (steel sheet 250x180x10, 2 pcs.).

A welded frame is being prepared, a metal (rarely wooden) plate with a slot for the disk is placed on the frame. The gaps between the disc and the plate are minimal. The saw shaft is attached to the plate from below on bearings and a pulley. The pulley of the electric motor and the saw are connected by belts (reinsurance when the saw is jammed) - a homemade sawmill can work!

one of the options for a homemade sawmill

To tension the belt, use the weight of the engine with the addition of weights. Make the base of the electric motor movable coaxially with the saw shaft, with a deviation under weight in the opposite direction. As a mover, the wheel of a working tractor is often used, driven by a saw pulley without belts.

The principles of cutting are the same as in the band cut - we feed the log to the cutting disc. After a disk cut, the surface of the lumber is more High Quality due to processing speed. Circular sawmills there are vertical and horizontal - they are easier to use in mobile installations.

Tire sawmill

It is necessary to start with an understanding of what and how much we will cut. If you need to cut 100 - 200 rafters for a house under construction from free logs, then 400 boards - it is better to use a manual professional chainsaw. Let's make a homemade sawmill from a chainsaw, the method is inexpensive, simple and effective.

drawing of the simplest sawmill from a chainsaw (download full drawing)

You will need any flat metal profile, welding and a grinder. We start with the maximum length of the log - practical about 4 m. For such a length you need to find a channel or an I-beam, you can weld it from pieces with reinforcement - the main thing is that the resulting profile is even. We begin to make our autonomous tire sawmill based on a chainsaw.

The design is a powerful profile at a working height - above the belt, along which a fixed chainsaw moves in a trolley.

The height is due to ergonomics, a long knee-elbow posture is not useful. Parallel to the main profile, a log is placed on the support frame, a working chainsaw moves along the log and makes the necessary trimming.

A few more details about the features. The main element is the main profile, which provides geometrically correct dimensions lumber must be strong and rigid enough if the channel is at least 200. The profile is supported by 3 or more supports connected to the support frame on which the log rests.

If you decide to make a chain sawmill with your own hands, be sure to look at LOGOSOL sawmills. Drawings and documentation can be downloaded on the website and taken as the basis of your homemade product.

The main sawing errors are formed during the vibrations of the cart with the chainsaw, therefore, the movement of the cart along the profile is at least four rigidly pressed metal wheels, it is necessary to provide for a manual drive. The simplest is a well crank with a drive wheel along the main profile.

To install a heavy log, slopes are usually set along which it is convenient to push the log sequentially from side to side onto the support frame, wedging it on the frame.

The most difficult thing is the adjustment mechanism for the thickness of the product. The simplest way– installation along the edges of a movable in a vertical plane support frame screw or any rigid fixation jacks. We adjust the jacks - we adjust the thickness of the product. An example of the construction of a mobile tire sawmill based on a chainsaw can be seen in the photo.

Wood cutting can be done by one person: holding the chainsaw handle and adjusting the gas, we feed with the other hand.

Conclusion

A few thoughts on the feasibility of manufacturing a sawmill. Tested by time and practice - self-production makes sense with free materials. If you calculate the labor costs and materials, and the possible benefits, you will understand for yourself. The worst thing about self-manufacturing is that few people pay attention to safety precautions. This moment must be considered! Trouble-free operation and quality wood.