How to hang a new chandelier. How to hang a chandelier with a hook in the ceiling

It would seem, what could be easier than hanging a chandelier? But even in the simplest case, some nuances may arise. Consider several variations of fasteners used to securely mount chandeliers.

Installation of most types of fasteners is very simple. Self-tapping screws are most often used. The diameter of the self-tapping screw will completely depend on the mounting hole, which is located on the mounting plate. Their length should be at least 4 cm and no more than 6 cm. If your dwelling has rather low ceilings, then you better buy ceiling lamps that do not have a rod.

Note! Working in high ground with electric wires, be aware that even a mild electric shock can cause you to fall and be injured.

Carefully! We work with electricity!

Before installing an electric lighting item, check the presence of phases. The zero wire will always be common. Phase, in turn, are connected through a switch to the lamp. The indicator will help you determine the zero phase. As for the indicator, it can be of two types: electronic or with a damping resistor with a neon lamp. Outwardly, it resembles an ordinary screwdriver. When using the indicator, lightly pinch it with your index and middle fingers. When doing this, use only your right hand. As a rule, the clamping point is indicated by color or has special notches. It is also equipped with a special safety cuff that separates it from the sting. It is not recommended to touch the sting when determining the phases.

1. Turn off all plugs initially.
2. Strip the ends of the wires on the ceiling and be sure to separate them to the sides to avoid short circuits.
3. Then the plugs are turned on.
4. If you have double switch, then there will be two phase wires, and if single - then, respectively, one. In order to check the phases, you only need to turn off the switch. In this case, the indicator will not respond. If a phase is detected, then it is necessary to carry out a phase break. The neutral wire is run directly if it comes about a unipolar switch. In fact, this process is not as complicated as it might seem at first. However, if you have not previously worked with electricity, do not risk it.

Location of the wiring in the base ceiling

Before you start drilling the holes for mounting the mounts, you need to determine where the wiring is. Otherwise, chances are good that you will interrupt her. You need to search in the wires under electric shock... This procedure takes place in the following sequence:

• The first step is to turn off the jams on the meter.
• The lamp holder is temporarily connected.
• After that, you can turn on the plugs and, accordingly, the switch again. Now you can search for wiring.

Note! To achieve the fastest possible result, it is better to use an electronic indicator, because its analogue with a neon lamp works only with direct contact with the elements that carry current.

There are special devices designed for this purpose. However, they are quite expensive. If your wiring was sunk into the grooves, then the error in the readings of the device may be five centimeters. In contrast, the indicator gives a result with maximum accuracy, where the error is up to two centimeters.

Move the device along the ceiling with your finger on the button. The movement of the device should be perpendicular to the intended direction of the wiring. If a phase icon appears on the display, make a mark here. Continue driving the indicator. When the phase icon disappears, re-mark. Then the same procedure must be repeated in the opposite direction. In the middle between the internal marks is the wiring. Next, you should continue the process in the same way. So, you need to do it before the completion of the working area.

Standard types of fasteners

Installing a chandelier on conventional mounts boils down to the fact that you will need to distribute the power wiring through the lamp sections. To bring the wires into the chandelier, the phase is checked in which one. The ground wire simply needs to be bent. Usually, in chandeliers, the ground wire is designated yellow along which the green bar runs. In addition, all wires will be fed into a connector or terminal block.

Connect the neutral wire first, connect together all the neutral wires coming from the cartridges, and combine them with the neutral wire of the network. Now you can start connecting the phase wires. The connection is similar. The phase wires are connected to the phase wire coming from the breaker. Slide the cap into place, and the work of connecting the chandelier to electrical network It will be completed.

No wire markings?

If the wires of your chandelier are not marked and there is no terminal block, then the chandelier should ring. The procedure is carried out using an ordinary tester. Remember that ringing the chandelier with a control lamp from a 220 V network can be dangerous to your life. Don't experiment with electricity! In order to carry out a continuity, screw the same bulbs into all the chandelier sockets, not only in terms of power, but also of the brand. It is better in this case to use low-power incandescent lamps - no more than 25 watts. Just do not use economy lamps, because it is impossible to dial with them!

In the image of the chandelier diagram, it can be seen that if the resistance of one lamp is equal to R, then, therefore, there will be R between zero and ФІ. Accordingly, between zero and ФІІ - 0.5 R, between the phases there will be 1.5 R. For continuity of three wires, you should take six measurements. To understand this scheme, you need to remember Ohm's law, which everyone went through the school curriculum.

Custom chandelier

Nowadays, there are often chandeliers that are equipped with a remote control. remote control... So, you can adjust the degree of illumination of the room. Some chandeliers are equipped with an air ionizer, fan, or even an evaporating unit from an air conditioner. If you follow some rules when choosing lighting fixtures of this type, then you can even hang a non-standard chandelier correctly.

• When choosing a chandelier, see how you should connect it. In addition to the terminal block, other wires may be present in the device. If you do not know their purpose, then ask the seller for instructions and carefully read it.
• Suppose that according to the instructions it is not entirely clear how to independently install a non-standard chandelier. Then it is better to entrust this work to a qualified specialist.
• Remember that chandeliers equipped with additional functions, will cost much more than their conventional counterparts. It is often very difficult to find specialists who could connect them.

We hang chandeliers in difficult situations

How to hang a chandelier on the ceiling if there is no typical fixing, or its use is impossible? To do this, you will need a tool for working on wood, stone, drywall or concrete. Now you can get to work.

First difficulty: low ceiling

The most acceptable option for a low ceiling would be a chandelier-plafond mounted on a cross bar. What if there is no desire to mount the plafond in a low room? 10-15 cm can be gained by hanging a chandelier with a rod on the ceiling without using a hook.

To do this, you need to straighten the standard mounting plate, and then cut it so that it is hidden under the hood. Drill new holes in the strip, which will be used for screwing in the self-tapping screws. Now you need to upgrade the chandelier:

1. Remove the shades and any fragile parts that are present. If possible, remove the rod immediately.
2. Pull the wires out of the terminal block.
3. Immediately behind the thread, drill 3 holes along the rod, 4-5 mm in diameter. Make sure that afterwards all openings are hidden under the hood.
4. Pull the fishing line into these holes - 3 pieces. Screw it to the ends of the wires, and then wrap it tightly with a narrow tape.
5. Put the rod back in its original place. Gently slide it over the wires, pulling the pieces of line parallel to each other. Continue doing this until the ends of the wires come out of the holes. If the wire gets caught, use tweezers or a wire hook to correct it.
6. If it is impossible to remove the rod on your chandelier, then insert the pieces of fishing line into the holes made one by one. Start at the bottom and run the wires into them in the same way.
7. Now re-enter the wires into the terminal strip.

This modification is necessary in order to lead the wires to the side. Thus, they will be as close to the ceiling as possible. If the rod on the chandelier cannot be removed or it is made in the form of some kind of figure, then do not remove the cap. Otherwise, you won't be able to put it on because of the wires sticking out from the side.

At this point, you will need to install a mounting plate on the rod located between the two standard nuts, which will help you later attach lighting fixture to the ceiling with self-tapping screws. Now connect the wires. If there is not enough space for the terminal block, then remove it.

Note! To avoid problems with flashing lights, do not twist the wires. To achieve the maximum expected result, you will have to solder the wires, and insulate the joints using simple electrical tape.

Second difficulty: plasterboard ceiling

The weight of the chandelier plays important role in the process of hanging it. For example, if a lighting fixture weighs no more than 3 kg, then it is best to fix it with a butterfly. This fastener has a plastic sleeve and, in addition, a screw hook. Drill holes in the ceiling according to the holes in the cage. Then screw the hook into the clip a few turns. Insert the clip all the way into the corresponding hole and tighten the hook carefully. The plastic clip opens from the inside into petals that fix the hook.

If the chandelier you have purchased has a weight in the region of 5-7 kg, then you can fix it on the so-called console strips. It is recommended to use a butterfly dowel for each attachment point. In the process of tightening the self-tapping screw, the butterfly gradually opens from the inside, so that a reliable fastening is formed.

If the chandelier you bought is heavy and exceeds 7 kg, then in order to hang it, you will need to use a collet pin, the diameter of which should be 1.2 cm.

To install the collet pin, drill a hole in the base concrete ceiling (through the drywall) corresponding to the diameter and length of the sleeve. Thread it into the stud, and then insert it into the hole until it stops, screw it in. The collet will now open and wedge inside the ceiling. The threaded end will remain outside. A hook with a threaded socket should be screwed onto it.

It is worth considering, however, that hanging the chandelier on a hook through a layer of drywall may turn out to be unreliable. This is because the collet rubs against the drywall sheet, thereby destroying it. In view of this, it is better to choose chandeliers equipped with a console mount.

The third difficulty: stretch ceiling

The most difficult thing is to hang a chandelier on a stretch ceiling. The first thing to consider is that incandescent lamps cannot be screwed into chandeliers installed on stretch ceilings. Even from a 40 W incandescent lamp, a month later stains form on the ceiling, and after three months it will completely creep away. In addition, it should be borne in mind that economical light bulbs in chandeliers-plafonds recessed into the ceiling will quickly burn out. This is due to poor heat transfer. Most good option- installation of LED lamps.

Note! It is impossible to install a chandelier in an already installed stretch ceiling! Any attempt to make a hole in it is prone to collapse, because the fabric or film will instantly disperse, because of which you will have to change it.

The best option is to call specialists who install stretch ceilings. However, before that, you still have to prepare the base for attaching the chandelier. Ordinary fasteners are not designed for mounting a chandelier in a stretch ceiling. In view of this, if you are going to hang the chandelier on a hook, it must be fixed in the ceiling well in advance. If an I-beam or a mounting plate acts as an attachment, then on concrete ceiling it is necessary to attach a pillow, which is made of waterproof MDF or BS plywood. Its thickness should be at least 1.6 cm. Do not install a wooden cushion made of ordinary plywood. This is due to the fact that this material dries up over time, which can lead to an accident.

Before making a hole in the stretch ceiling film, you need to measure the pillow. After that, the hole must be framed with an eyelet. Using long fasteners, the chandelier is suspended. Here the gap for the "play" of the stretch ceiling must be taken into account. In the event that a larger hole is required, then they can be additionally secured with a spider.

Note! If you want to sink a chandelier into the ceiling, the first step is to install the chandelier, and then the ceiling itself. However, remember that a chandelier as lighting in a composition with a stretch ceiling is not the best the best way... Why? The fact is that due to the uneven load, the ceiling will sag over time, due to which its appearance will be lost.

The fourth difficulty: the absence of a hook on the ceiling

If you follow the work sequence below, you will be able to successfully install a reliable screw hook.

1. First, drill a hole. It should be slightly larger than the mounting bolt.
2. Two wires with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 mm are screwed onto the hook thread. At the same time, leave antennae 1 cm on both sides, spread them 90 ° from each other. Visually, they should be perpendicular to each other and diverge in four different directions.
3. The hole pre-drilled in the ceiling must be moistened.
4. After that, a gypsum solution is prepared. By its consistency, it should resemble sour cream.
5. Then the hole must be filled with this mixture. Until the solution has time to seize, the hook is carefully inserted, onto which the wire was previously wound.
6. It remains only to wait until it dries completely. This will take approximately 2 hours. To achieve the most effective result, it is better to wait a day. Then you can hang the chandelier.

If the hook you are using is to be fastened with self-tapping screws, then make the sockets for them in the same way as described above. However, take a thinner wire, its thickness can be 0.4-0.6 mm. For each nest, you will need to make a solution separately, due to the fact that it hardens quickly. Interestingly, such nests can last for more than one century. They, unlike plastic, do not dry out. Moreover, when the hook is screwed in and out three times, the socket will not come loose. If necessary, it can simply be cleaned of the old aggregate using a narrow chisel and renewed. If you need to plaster the surface of the ceiling, then plaster the plaster-alabaster nest too. After hardening, you can re-make the hole for the hook in the same place.

Do you have experience in securing lighting fixtures to different types ceiling? Maybe you faced unforeseen difficulties in the process of performing work? How did you deal with them? Share your experience with us! We value your knowledge! Write us your comments on the article!

Video

Take a look detailed video on how to hang and connect the chandelier:

Schemes

Nowadays there is a huge selection of all kinds of lighting fixtures installed on the ceiling. But, nevertheless, many continue to install chandeliers in their homes and other rooms, as a familiar classic element. How to hang a chandelier to the ceiling correctly, and what should be avoided when performing this type of work, we will just consider in this article.

How to attach a chandelier with your own hands

Ceiling lighting

Chandelier is not the only kind lighting equipment that can be used in a stretch ceiling. In addition to it, you can find all kinds of spotlights, spots, Spotlights, led strip etc.

However, the rich appearance the chandelier is an integral part of the classic, familiar interior. It complements the room, making it look more harmonious and complete.

Overview

In this article, we'll cover:

• What chandeliers are suitable for stretch ceilings (cm. );
• What types of fasteners exist;
• How to fix the chandelier to the stretch ceiling.

So after reading, you can make your own skillful hands... Let's get started ...

How to choose a chandelier for a stretch ceiling?

We hang ourselves: how to attach it yourself

The choice of chandeliers for stretch ceilings must be made according to the following parameters:

• The base of the dish-type chandeliers should be made not metal, as the case heats up during operation. Which, by the way, should not be allowed for stretch ceilings, regardless of what material they are made of, PVC or fabric. Alternatively, we advise you to use energy efficient 9 lamps (not incandescent lamps), which do not cause strong heating;
• To avoid the appearance dark spots on the ceiling, choose chandeliers with shades pointing down or slightly to the side;
• Its sockets must support the use of energy-saving lamps;
• It shouldn't be too complex in design.

The types of fasteners with which you will have to come into contact are as follows:

What chandelier and how to screw it with your own hands

• Mounting hook... The most reliable, at all times, type of fastening. It can be anchored, with through fastening through storey ceiling, with fastening for fixing in hollow concrete floor channels or a hook welded to the plate and fixed to the ceiling;

• Usually included and has either mounting studs or side holes with thread and screw clamp. Designed for lightweight chandeliers;

• Mounting plate "Cross". Comes in a set. Designed for large chandeliers in the shape of a circle, oval, rectangle or square;

• Mounting plate "I-beam". Used to mount fairly large chandeliers and comes with them.

Mounting methods (short)

The chandelier can be suspended from the ceiling in one of the ways shown in the table:

Chandelier fixing method	Peculiarities
	In this case, the bracket or strip is fastened with two screws, with an adjustable distance between them, which are then tightened with nuts. On the concrete ceiling, the bracket is fixed with two dowels. On a wooden one - with wood screws. On drywall - with self-tapping screws bearing profile or directly to concrete base ceiling.
	It's old and enough reliable way... If the mass of the chandelier is not more than 4 kg, you can take a regular metal hook with a thread. Tip: You cannot attach the hook to a plasterboard ceiling, it will not hold up.
	Attaches and works like the straight bracket, but has more structural attachment points. Allows you to use it for heavier shade chandeliers that adhere to the ceiling.
	Used to mount heavy chandeliers at multiple points. The mounting plates have curved shape, which provides free exit of wires.

Preparation

Let's consider how to install each type of fastening structure on the base ceiling.

Hook

There are many methods, we will name the old and proven methods:

• Option 1:

To secure the anchor hook, it is necessary to drill a hole in the concrete for the diameter of the anchor itself. Next, the anchor is hammered into the hole, and then the screw hook or nut is tightened to wedge the anchor into the ceiling.

Depending on the chandelier, the diameter of the anchor is selected. Their size varies from 6 mm to 14 mm - these are the most popular options.

• Option 2:

1. If you are building your house and have already planned out what and where you will be located, then there is another option for attaching the chandelier. In the place of the proposed chandelier is drilled through hole... Then two square metal plates of 2-3 mm steel are cut out and a hole is drilled in them in the center along the diameter of the hook shank;
2. One plate is applied to the ceiling and the other is placed on the floor of the upper floor. Take a hook with a solid thread, screw in one nut until it stops (it will not let the bottom plate slide onto the hook), and screw the second onto the shank, pulling the plates on the floor. This fixation will be very reliable.

• Option 3:

The next type of fastener can be made as follows. Insert the wire rod from wire rod 8-10 mm into a pre-made hole with a diameter of 30-50 mm in the overlap channel.

A hook can be made from the same wire rod 6-8 mm, make a hook at one end, and a ring of 14-16 mm at the other. Then insert the hook with the ring into the hole and thread the dowel rod through the ring.

• Option 4:

1. There is also an option similar to the previous one. For these purposes, we only need one plate, a hook with a shank and a solid thread on it, and two nuts. Drill holes diagonally on the plate for fasteners with a diameter of 8 mm;
2. Screw one nut to the end of the thread, insert the plate and press it with the second nut until it stops. Cut off the remainder of the shank flush with the nut. In the base ceiling, make a recess so that the nut is hidden and the plate adheres tightly to the ceiling;
3. Mark the place for its attachment. It is better to fasten using anchor rods with a diameter of 6 mm with a nut. This design can also be used for mounting on wooden surface, securing it with wood screws.

• Option 5:

If the slabs have voids inside, you can buy a conventional wedge hook. Its installation will not be difficult.

This bar has standard sizes provided by the chandelier manufacturer. All these strips have the same characteristics: on the sides there are screw clamps of the chandelier, and on the main part, which is applied to the base, there are holes for fastening.

To install the plank, use wooden bar... Its location should be about 3-5 mm closer to the ceiling than the level of the stretch ceiling

Mounting plate "Cross"

For fixing this structure, it is necessary to provide a supporting platform. It can be made from 16-20 mm plywood. In terms of its dimensions, it should be slightly wider than the blades of the cross. A hole is drilled in the center for a cable outlet, with a diameter of 50 mm.

Advice! For fixing to the base ceiling, use straight hangers, which are attached to the platform with 16-mm wood screws or 9-mm self-tapping screws "bugs" from above, so that there is no possibility of damaging the ceiling surface. Fasten the structure to the ceiling using anchor dowels for concrete or wood screws to a wooden surface.

Mounting plate "I-beam"

The mounting method for this type of strap is the same as for the cruciform. The only difference is in the way it is attached to the base of the platform. How to install a chandelier on a stretch ceiling - the video that we have selected for you in this article.

What you need to know first when working with pendant lighting fixtures

Let's start by listing small but very important nuances.

Practice is stubborn

Let's make a reservation right away, you can hang a chandelier from the ceiling in many ways, but practice shows that in some cases, neglect of elementary rules can lead to disastrous results, such as the fall of a lighting fixture on the floor. At the very beginning, let's look at how not to hang a chandelier.

Why have we raised this issue now? The fact is that knowing how not to do it can completely affect the entire course of performing certain construction work.

Little negligence - big problems

Not to burden you unnecessary information let's give a small example:

1. A hook is installed on the ceiling, and visual and contact inspection has shown its sufficient reliability.
2. You installed a massive chandelier on it and until a certain time, it did not give you any trouble.

But life situations are different, there was a fire in the room, and the “experts” fixed the hook in the ceiling with plastic dowels. If in the normal state the attachment of the hook was quite reliable, after exposure high temperature the plastic dowels just melted.

How to hang a chandelier to the ceiling with your own hands? What a question, it would seem. Slide the top cap of the chandelier down, hang it on a hook, connect the wires, pull on the cap - that's all. But even in this, the simplest case, difficulties may arise. Which? Let's figure it out.

How chandeliers are generally suspended

There are four ways to hang chandeliers:

• The ceiling hook is the oldest and most reliable. Requires a solid ceiling and special mount in him.
• Standard mounting plate (bracket) - due to the distribution of the load on several attachment points with a low weight, the chandelier is quite reliable when fastened with dowels-nails into plastic sleeves.
• A cross-type mounting strip works similarly to a straight mounting strip, but has more attachment points. It is used for chandelier-plafonds adjacent to the ceiling.
• The I-Beam Mounting Platform is designed for multi-point mounting of heavy chandeliers.

All these mounting methods do not allow you to pull the chandelier close to the ceiling in low rooms. The mounting strips are curved to allow for wire exit. Later in this article, we will describe the modification of the mounting plate, which allows you to press the chandelier close to the ceiling.

Installation of standard chandelier mounts is not complicated: with self-tapping screws in casings-sleeves. The diameter of the self-tapping screws can be determined by the mounting holes in the mounting plate; self-tapping screw length - 40-60 mm. For low ceilings, it is preferable to use ceiling lamps, without a rod.

Much more attention should be paid to safety when installing chandeliers: when working on a hill, even a slight electric shock is fraught with falling and serious injuries. Various kinds will also be considered. non-standard situations related to the suspension and installation of chandeliers: a suspended ceiling with a chandelier, how to hang a chandelier on drywall.

Phase indicator and wire phasing

First of all, you need to check the phasing of the wires for the chandelier. The neutral wire (neutral) is common, and the phase wires are connected through the switch to the lamp sections.

The phase / zero of the wiring is determined by a special device - a phase indicator. It can be purchased at any electrical store. The indicator is inexpensive. Phase indicators are available with a neon lamp and a damping resistor and electronic.

The indicator looks like a screwdriver. When using it, the device is lightly clamped between the index and middle fingers of the right hand in the place intended for this; it is either highlighted in color or has a notch and is separated from the tip by a safety cuff. TOUCHING THE STEP OF THE INDICATOR WHILE OPERATING IS DANGEROUS TO LIFE!

When checking the phasing with your thumb, touch a special metal terminal at the end of the device handle, or a button in an electronic indicator, and touch the tested wire with the sting of the indicator. If it is phase, the lamp flashes or the corresponding symbol appears on the display. DO NOT HOLD THE WIRE WITH AN OTHER HAND, EVEN FOR THE INSULATION! The indicator works with ONLY ONE - RIGHT - HAND!

Turn BOTH plugs on / off before checking. Then the ends of the wires for the chandelier sticking out of the ceiling are exposed, the ends are spread apart, the plugs are turned on, and the switch is turned on. They put a stool on a rubber mat, and from it, right hand, the indicator finds a phase wire or two phase wires if the chandelier switch is double. Then the switch is turned off without touching the plugs, and the phasing is checked again. Now the indicator should not light up when you touch any of the wires.

If the phase remains somewhere, the switch must be switched into a phase gap, and the neutral wire, if the switch is unipolar, must be turned on directly. This work is not difficult, and you do not need to pick the wall. But, if you are not an electrician, then you need to invite a specialist for it. No jokes with electricity go for free.

Search posting

Before drilling holes for fasteners in the ceiling, you need to determine where the wiring lies so that you do not interrupt it when drilling. For reliability, the search for the wiring must be done under load, i.e. under current. Give a load to the wiring as follows:

• Turn off the plugs and the chandelier switch.
• The wires sticking out of the ceiling are temporarily extended to the floor; the joints are insulated with electrical tape.
• Instead of chandelier sections, sockets for incandescent lamps are also temporarily connected.
• Light bulbs are screwed into the sockets of at least 60 W, and better - by 100-150 W.
• Includes plugs and switch; you can start looking for the wiring.

It is best to search for wiring with an electronic indicator; indicator with neon works only in direct contact with live parts. There are special devices - wire finders, but they are more expensive, and the accuracy is no more than two thicknesses of plaster. If the wiring is also hidden in the grooves, then the error will be about 5 cm, which is not enough. The indicator, at any depth of occurrence, gives an accuracy of 1-2 cm.

The indicator is led by putting your finger on the button, along the ceiling perpendicular to the intended direction of the wiring. When the phase icon appears on the display, make a mark with a pencil and move on. If the icon disappears, a second mark is made.

Then the same place is passed in the opposite direction; you get two pairs of marks. In the middle between the internal and is the wiring. Then they move 15-20 cm along the course and the search is repeated until the end of the working area.

Mounting the chandelier on standard mounts

Installation of the chandelier on standard mountings is reduced to the wiring of the supply wires through the sections of the light bulbs. When checking the phasing of the wiring, the neutral wire must be immediately marked somehow, at least by bending it close to the ceiling with the sting of the indicator. Then the plugs are turned on / off and the wires are inserted into the chandelier.

In modern electrical appliances, the neutral wire is always yellow with a longitudinal green stripe, and all the wires are pre-inserted into the connector - the terminal block. The zero wire of the wiring is connected first: insert it into the zero terminal and tighten the screw. Then connect the phase wires. Push the cap up to its place - the work is over.

And if the wiring in the room is made of two wires? Or grandfather's chandelier, or antique, and you can't see where the phase is, and where is zero?

In the first case, a small piece of the same wire cross-section (see fig.) Is added to the phase wire (CORKS - OFF!) And both sections of the bulbs are switched on to one phase. The whole chandelier will be turned on by one switch.

Chandelier ringing

If the wires in the chandelier are not marked, and even there is no terminal block, then the chandelier needs to ring. This is done by an ordinary tester. CALLING THE CHANDELIER A 220 V CONTROL LAMP IS DANGEROUS TO LIFE!

To dial in all the chandelier sockets we screw the SAME, i.e. one power and brand, incandescent lamp; better low-power, 15-25 watts. Housekeeping bulbs are not good, they will not ring a bell.

The chandelier diagram is shown in the figure. From it to a person familiar with electrical engineering, or at least not forgetting Ohm's school law, it is clear that if the resistance of one light bulb is R, then there will be R between zero and FI; between zero and ФII - 0.5R, and between phases - 1.5R. To ring three wires in pairs, six measurements are required.

"Special" chandeliers

V recent times chandeliers appeared on sale, equipped with a remote control for adjusting the illumination, a fan, an air ionizer or even an air conditioner (more precisely, its evaporating unit). When purchasing such products, the following rules must be observed:

• See how it connects right away. If, in addition to the usual terminal block for household wiring, some incomprehensible ends stick out there, ask for instructions and read.
• If, according to the instructions, it is not clear how to hang such a chandelier yourself, ask if its installation is included in the price of the product, and what are the seller's guarantees.
• All of a sudden trade point works on the principle of "sell and forget", it is better to look for the same in another place.

Chandeliers with additional functions are quite specific products; there are few firms or craftsmen who install them, and "special" chandeliers are not cheap.

Abnormal situations

And how to properly hang a chandelier on the ceiling if there is no standard mount, or it cannot be used? To do this, you will have to stock up on tools for working on concrete, stone, wood, drywall, and work.

Low ceiling

The standard version is a chandelier-plafond and fastening with a cross bar. But what if the room is low, but you still don't want to put the plafond? In this case, you can gain 10-15 cm by hanging a chandelier with a rod on the ceiling without a hook.

To do this, the standard mounting plate is straightened, cut so that it hides under the cap, and new holes are drilled in it for self-tapping screws. Next, the chandelier needs to be slightly modified:

• The shades and, if possible, all fragile parts are removed from the chandelier. It is better, if the design allows, to remove the rod immediately.
• The chandelier wires are removed from the terminal block.
• In the rod, immediately behind the thread, drilled in a row along the rod, three holes 4-5 mm. You just need to make sure that all of them are then under the hood.
• A fishing line is passed through the holes of the removed rod, three pieces. Their ends are attached to the ends of the chandelier wires and wrapped tightly with narrow tape.
• They put the rod in place, gently pushing on the wires and pulling the pieces of fishing line until the ends of the wires come out of the holes. If one is caught, it is corrected with a wire hook or tweezers.
• If the rod is non-removable, then the pieces of fishing line are inserted into the holes one by one, starting from the bottom, and the wires are also brought out into them.
• The wires are re-inserted into the terminal block.

The purpose of this refinement is to bring the wires to the side so that they are not pressed against the ceiling and squeezed by the edge of the rod. Attention: if the rod is fixed or shaped, the cap must remain on it. Otherwise, he will not get dressed later because of the wires sticking out to the side.

Next, a mounting plate is installed on the rod between two standard nuts, and the chandelier is attached to the ceiling with self-tapping screws. Most likely, you will not need nuts: in most chandeliers, the bar is attached to the rod by flaring.

Connect the wires. It may turn out that the terminal block now does not fit in the cap - it's okay, it is completely removed, and the wires are connected by soldering; the joints are insulated with electrical tape. It is not recommended to connect the wires with a twist: later there will be problems with the flashing chandelier.

Now we mount the chandelier to the ceiling with self-tapping screws. We do not wrap the screws tightly into the sleeves, otherwise the chandelier will become oblique.

Option for weak but dense ceilings: laminate, MDF, plywood. Instead of a mounting plate, we make a circle with a diameter of 5 mm less than the inner diameter of the hood. In the center - a hole for the rod; in a circle - 4-6 holes for self-tapping screws. You will also need to make a hole for the wires.

If you need a hook

Fastening a chandelier to a concrete ceiling on a plank or I-beam does not raise any questions. And if the chandelier you like is hooked, but it is not at home? With a little work, you can install a very reliable hook yourself:

• If a hook-screw is used, then in the ceiling we drill a hole with a diameter of 10 mm larger than the diameter of the screw, and with a depth along the length of the thread + 10 mm.
• Lubricate the hook thread with a thin layer of grease (thick).
• We tightly screw two copper wires with a diameter of 0.8 - 1.2 mm onto the screw thread. At the beginning and at the end of the thread, leave a 10 mm mustache and dilute them 90 degrees. When viewed from the end of the screw, the whiskers should be perpendicular to four directions.
• Spray the hole inside from a spray bottle, or stick a richly moistened cloth into it with a stick, hold for 1-2 minutes and take it out.
• Cooking 50-100 g of alabaster or gypsum solution; it is convenient to do it with a disposable plastic cup... When mixed with water, the solution heats up. Knead until creamy.
• Using a stick (not a spatula) as quickly as possible (alabaster and gypsum harden quickly), fill the solution into the hole before filling.
• Just as quickly, in a still liquid solution, we push the hook with a wire wound on the thread; the whiskers of the wire will bend.
• We remove the squeezed out solution and wait for it to solidify in the hole. The solution should not only harden, but also cool to room temperature... To do this, you need at least 2 hours, but it is better to wait a day. The chandelier can now be hung.

If the hook with a support platform for fastening with self-tapping screws, we make the nests for them in the same way, but we take the wire thinner - 0.4-0.6 mm. And you will have to knead a separate portion of the solution for each nest - it hardens very quickly to a mushy state.

Such nests serve for centuries without drying out like plastic. When screwing / unscrewing the hook 2-3 times, the socket does not loosen. If necessary, it can be easily cleaned from filling with a narrow chisel and reworked. A plaster-alabaster nest can be plastered during repairs, and then a hole for a hook can be poked in the plaster.

Chandelier in a stretch ceiling

Installing a chandelier on a stretch ceiling is the most difficult case. First of all: a chandelier with incandescent lamps and a stretch ceiling are incompatible. Even from a three-arm chandelier with 40 W lamps in a month, spots will appear on the ceiling, and within 3 months it will begin to creep. Housekeeping bulbs in chandeliers recessed into the ceiling quickly burn out due to poor heat transfer; here the only option is LED lamps.

Then, installing the chandelier into an existing stretch ceiling is impossible: it will have to be removed and a new one pulled. Trying to cut holes in already stretched ceiling useless - the film or fabric will immediately creep.

And finally, before calling in the ceiling craftsmen, you need to prepare the fixture for the chandelier. The standard fixing of the chandelier is not designed for installation in stretch ceilings, therefore, if the chandelier is hung on a hook, it must be installed in the ceiling in advance.

For mounting on strips or I-beams on the base ceiling, you need to attach a pillow made of waterproof plywood BS or MDF, at least 16 mm thick, on the brackets, as shown in the figure. A pillow made of wood or ordinary plywood in the interceiling space will soon dry out, and it will end in an accident.

According to the installed pillow, the ceilings will take measurements and make holes in the panel, framed by eyelets. Through them, the chandelier will be attached to the pillow with long fasteners, with a gap for the "play" of the ceiling. The wide openings are additionally reinforced with "spider" supports, but this is a subject for a separate discussion.

If it is supposed to drown the chandelier into the stretch ceiling, then it should hang in place during the measurement. Still, a chandelier in a stretch ceiling is not the best cost option. Only due to the uneven distribution of the load due to the presence of holes, such a ceiling will sag and lose its appearance rather than solid.

Chandelier on plasterboard ceiling

Attaching a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling is also not easy, but still easier than in a room with a stretch ceiling. Three cases are possible here:

• The chandelier weighs up to 3 kg and is attached to a hook. In this case, you need a special butterfly hook. It consists of a specially designed plastic clip and a screw hook. A hole is drilled in the drywall under the butterfly clip, the hook is screwed into the clip for one or two turns. Then the clip is inserted all the way into the hole and the hook is turned to failure. The inner part of the butterfly unfolds into petals, which fix the hook.
• Chandelier - up to 7 kg in weight. In this case, only mounting on strips (console) is permissible. A butterfly dowel is used for each attachment point; just a mole. By design, it is similar to the clip of a butterfly hook, and when the self-tapping screw is screwed into it, it also opens to the sides inside the interceiling space.
• Heavy chandelier. To hang it on a hook, you need one collet pin of at least 12 mm in diameter; for mounting on a strip - at least two, 8-10 mm each. To install the collet studs in the base ceiling, holes are drilled through the drywall along the diameter of the stud sleeve and depth in its length. The hairpin is screwed a little into the sleeve, inserted through the hole in the drywall into the base ceiling until it stops, and again the hairpin is screwed in until it stops. The collet diverges and wedges in the base ceiling, and there is a threaded end on the outside, onto which you can screw a hook with a threaded socket, or several ends - you can put a pillow on them under the chandelier bracket.

Note: hanging the chandelier on a hook through drywall is unreliable - the collet is held in the ceiling by friction. Therefore, it is better to choose cantilever chandeliers for hanging to a plasterboard ceiling.

How are chandeliers removed

How to remove a chandelier from the ceiling, if necessary? All described methods of fastening can be dismantled in the reverse order of installation.

In the first place, again, safety precautions: turn off the switch, turn off or unscrew the plugs. Then we remove all fragile parts from the chandelier: crystal pendants, etc. Next, we disconnect the wires, isolate their bare ends, and only after that we proceed to disassemble the mount.

With a stretch stretch or plasterboard ceiling, we remove only the actual chandelier. We do not touch pillows, butterflies, collets and other auxiliary parts. This is especially true of collets and butterflies: these are disposable parts, they are not designed for re-assembly.

Hanging a chandelier is, in principle, not difficult, but this work requires at least some experience in electrical work... When installing a chandelier, you need to remember the safety rules that require such work to be carried out exclusively with the electricity turned off. In this matter, you need to have restraint and caution, you should not rush and you should do everything carefully, following our instructions. So, first, let's find out what we need from the tools for this kind of work.

You'll need:

• indicator - screwdriver;
• ordinary screwdriver;
• knife;
• terminals;
• stable staircase;

Well, now let's move on to step by step instructions our installation:

First you need to turn off the counter. If you have suspicions that a phase wire goes to the chandelier, then you can simply turn off the switch. Then carefully remove the old chandelier; a hook with two (three) wires should hang from the hole. The number of wires depends on the number of keys on your switch and the presence or absence of an earthing conductor.

It is imperative to determine which of the available wires are exactly phase. To do this, you must turn on the power supply again and touch the indicator to the tip of each of the wires. If the light on the indicator lights up on some wire, it means that it has a phase. Now you need to memorize these wires.

If you have a problem with memory, then you need to remember their colors: usually the neutral wires are blue, and the phase wires are red, white and Brown color... Grounding wires are usually green or yellow. green color... Very often in old houses, the wiring has insulation of the same color and here, of course, it is difficult to determine where which wire is. Here you will have to recognize the wires yourself again using the indicator and mark them with felt-tip pens different colors... After you find the phase wire, the electricity can be turned off.

Very often the installation of a lighting fixture depends on its design. Most often there are chandeliers that are hung on a hook, after which all the work is done. But there are also such copies of chandeliers that need to be screwed onto the floor slab. For such a case, you need to substitute the base to the ceiling.

Be sure to keep it centered straight. When you are done with this work, mark the drilling points with a pencil. They must be located at a sufficient distance from the opening in the ceiling. Otherwise, during the drilling of concrete, the ceiling may simply crumble and then it will be impossible to attach the chandelier. After you make the markup, you can proceed directly to drilling holes and installing dowels in them.

It is recommended to connect wires to the chandelier using special clamps - terminals. If there are no such clamps in the chandelier kit, then you must definitely buy them. When you deal with the terminals, the wires need to be stripped one centimeter. On any terminals and wires of the chandelier, markings should be visible, by which you can determine where to connect the neutral, phase wires and ground. Be sure to follow these little tips when connecting wires.

The wires should be tightened into the terminals as much as possible, in order to check the quality of the contact, you can try to pull out the wire. If you didn't succeed, then the contact is securely fastened.

The chandelier can then be hung on a hook or base. All unnecessary wires must be tucked into the ceiling hole. At the very end of the installation, plafonds are hung on the chandelier, light bulbs and decorative elements are screwed in. That's all our installation of the chandelier is over and you can turn on the electricity and check your work.

Video

We invite you to watch a video that clearly shows the process of installing a chandelier.

The choice of lighting devices for an apartment must be taken responsibly. When purchasing a lamp, first of all, you need to figure out how to properly mount the chandelier to the ceiling and correctly connect it to the mains.

In order to cope with the task and do everything correctly, you need to prepare the tools so that nothing distracts the master during the installation of the chandelier on the ceiling:

• you need a stepladder of sufficient height (you can get by with a table);
• hand electric drill or hammer drill;
• pliers and nippers or side cutters (against electric shock, handles must be insulated);
• various screwdrivers (including those with an indicator function);
• coil of electrical tape;
• several mounting blocks (with a margin) for wire clamps;
• the necessary fasteners on which the chandelier will be installed on the ceiling.

Chic chandeliers

Before fixing the ceiling chandelier, be sure to read the instructions for connecting it to the mains. It usually gives detailed description of all operations, therefore, there should not be any special difficulties for a master who knows a little about electricity.

Types and methods of fastening

When choosing your lamp, even in the store you need to pay attention to the mounting methods.

Modern ceiling lights come with several suggested chandelier mounts:

• a loop on the fixture of the luminaire, which allows it to be mounted to the ceiling hook. This is one of the main types of fastening ceiling chandelier... In this case, the base should be as strong as possible, for example concrete floors.

Hook fixing diagram

• fastening the ceiling chandelier to a bracket or a special mounting plate. With such a fastener, the load from the weight of the luminaire is divided into several different points. The bracket is attached to the ceiling with dowels with self-tapping screws screwed into them. In this case, the weight of the chandelier should not exceed 1.5-2.0 kg.

Mounting plate mounting scheme

• a cross or double perpendicular bar allows you to suspend a luminaire that is adjacent to the ceiling, for example, a ceiling chandelier. The cross bar is not much different from the bracket, except that the fastening is carried out in more dots and lighting fixture can be heavy.

Mounting on a cross-shaped bar is used, as a rule, when installing square luminaires

• reliable I-beam platform for mounting a massive heavy chandelier. Allows for fastening at several points.

The scheme of fastening a heavy chandelier to the platform

Installation work on hanging the luminaire usually does not cause much difficulty. As a rule, dowels with self-tapping screws are used to fix the chandelier to the ceiling. The diameter of the self-tapping screws must correspond to the size of the hole in the fastening strip; in length they must not be shorter than 4 cm and no longer than 6 cm.

Having considered the types and methods of fasteners, you can decide how to install the chandelier on the ceiling correctly, without unnecessary and unpleasant consequences.

Mounting with a ceiling hook

Usually the hook for fixing the lighting fixtures is mounted even when construction works... In this case, before you hang the chandelier on the ceiling, you need to check its strength.

Mounting hook

To check, for a while, a load corresponding to the weight or slightly heavier than the chandelier is suspended from the installed hook. If the fixed load has not shifted, you can safely hang the chandelier in place. If the fastening hook has shifted, and even more so fell out, then you can carry out the installation work yourself.

Chandelier Weight Test

This requires:

• make the desired hole with a puncher (if it did not already exist);
• a correctly selected metal anchor or a folding spring dowel with a ring is inserted into it. It should fit snugly against the inner surface of the drilled hole;
• v wooden ceiling just screw in a strong self-tapping hook.

This is the simplest method to describe how to attach a chandelier to the ceiling.

Schematic fastening of the holding element

If the ceiling is finished with plasterboard or a stretch canvas is installed, the work on attaching the chandelier to the hook may become more complicated.

Plasterboard sheets are quite strong, so a small lamp can be attached directly to the material itself, but it is worth considering small nuances:

• the weight of the attached lighting device should not exceed 6 kg;
• it is worth paying attention to the fact that when replacing lamps, you can damage the sheets or accidentally touch a low-hanging lamp with your hand.

Therefore, when installing a ceiling from drywall sheets it is necessary to think over the lighting of the room in advance, and make a hole in the material under the mounted hook.

If this has not been done, then you can hang the chandelier on a spring dowel or a special butterfly installed in the drilled hole. It will be necessary to tighten the dowel with a special nut, and tighten the butterfly strut with a self-tapping screw until it clicks. All fasteners must be completed with a hairpin or hook to which the chandelier is fixed.

One of the options for attaching the chandelier, if the ceiling is made of plasterboard

When installing a stretch ceiling, you need to take care of how to fix the luminaire in advance. It must be remembered that a stretched canvas cannot serve as a fastening base for a chandelier. When installing a stretch ceiling, workers, before cutting a hole for attaching a lamp, glue the thermal ring in advance. If this is not done, then it will be impossible to hang the chandelier from the ceiling, since the stretched canvas will tear. Connecting wires are led out through the cut-out hole.

With this option, you first need to hang the chandelier on a hook, and then connect the electrical wires, after which the attachment point is covered with a decorative lamp cap.

Mounting scheme for a stretch ceiling

Video instruction for mounting a chandelier on a hook

Mounting with a fixing strip

Before you can fix the chandelier to the ceiling using a fixing strip, you must:

• try on the place where it is supposed to hang. In this case, the decorative components of the luminaire, covering the attachment point and wires, must fit snugly to the ceiling;
• if this is the center of the room where the mounted hook is located, then it must be bent, but not cut off. Perhaps in the future, with the subsequent replacement of lamps, it will still come in handy.

Trying on the bar for a future position

• marking is made for the fastening of the strip. To do this, the bar is applied to the ceiling and outlined with a pencil so that the attached elements do not interfere with the connection to the mains. Drilling locations are indicated. V drilled holes plastic dowels are carefully driven in. The plastic should be ribbed, which will prevent it from loosening over time and starting to fall out of the nest;
• using screws or self-tapping screws, the fastening strip is attached to the ceiling.

We fasten the bar and bend the hook (it may still be useful in the future)

• after installing the connecting wires, bowl or other decorative element applied to the installed strip, aligning the connecting holes.

We connect the wires

• twist the entire structure with decorative nuts, after which you can screw in the bulbs and install the shades or other components of the lamp.

Completion of work - finished chandelier in the interior

It is worth noting that it can be difficult to hang a chandelier to the ceiling alone. It takes one more hands to connect the wires. Therefore, when connecting the lamp to the mains, one person holds the chandelier, the other is busy with the wires.

If stretch ceilings are installed, the base for fixing the planks must be installed in advance. It might be normal wooden block, required thickness, which, before the installation of the canvas, is attached to the ceiling, and then a strip is mounted on it.

Stretch ceiling bar

It is necessary to consider how to properly install the lighting fixture on a plasterboard ceiling. It has already been noted that with a low weight of the chandelier, it can be fixed directly onto the sheets. With a more massive version of the luminaire, you need to take care of an additional substrate in the form of a bar or a metal profile in advance, on which the mounting plate will be attached.

You can correctly hang the chandelier on a crosspiece or an I-beam platform in the same way as in the case of mounting plate... It is worth considering that this option provides for heavy lamps, so you need to take dowels and screws longer length and diameter.

You can easily mount a chandelier on the ceiling with your own hands, the main thing is to prepare required material and the tool, study the attached connection instructions and have an assistant at all times.

Video instructions for installing a chandelier on a bar