How to care for a date tree at home. Date palm: care and reproduction at home

Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics in the shade flowering trees have long been an integral attribute of the meeting of spring in the Land of the Rising Sun. The financial and academic year here begins on April 1, when magnificent cherry blossoms bloom. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese pass under the sign of their flowering. But sakura also grows well in cooler regions - certain types can be successfully grown even in Siberia.

We have prepared a hearty, incredibly appetizing and simply elementary dish for you today. This gravy is one hundred percent universal, as it will suit every side dish: vegetables, pasta, and anything. Gravy with chicken and mushrooms will save you in moments when there is no time or you don’t want to think too much about what to cook. Grab your favorite side dish (you can make this ahead of time to keep it hot), add gravy and dinner is ready! A real lifesaver.

Agriculture is one of those human activity, the successful outcome of which is not always directly proportional to the efforts made. Unfortunately, nature does not necessarily act as our ally in growing plants, and often, on the contrary, throws up new challenges. Intensified reproduction of pests, abnormal heat, late return frosts, hurricane winds, drought ... And one of the springs presented us with another surprise - a flood.

With the coming of the season dacha works the question arises of growing strong and healthy seedlings of our favorite vegetables: cabbage, tomatoes, sweet peppers, eggplant and many other crops. Along with this, the question arises - how to grow decent seedlings and in the future get from it healthy plants and a decent harvest. For example, I have been growing seedlings for more than one season and protecting my garden from diseases with the help of biological preparations Alirin-B, Gamair, Glyocladin, Trichocin.

Let me confess my love today. In love with... lavender. One of the best unpretentious, evergreen and flowering shrubs which can be successfully grown in your garden. And if someone thinks that lavender is a Mediterranean or, at least, southern inhabitant, then you are mistaken. Lavender grows well and in more northern regions, even in the suburbs. But in order to grow it, you need to know some rules and features. They will be discussed in this article.

Having once tasted such an invaluable product as a pumpkin, it is already difficult to stop looking for more and more new recipes for serving it to the table. Korean pumpkin, despite its pungency and spice, has a fresh and delicate taste. After cooking, you will need to cover the salad and let it brew for at least 15 minutes. My nutmeg pumpkin is very juicy and sweet, so there is no need to knead it. If the pumpkin is of a different variety, then you can knead it with your hands so that it slightly releases the juice.

Lettuce, as the earliest and most unpretentious green crop, has always been held in high esteem by gardeners. Spring plantings most gardeners usually start by planting lettuce, parsley, and radishes. Recently, the desire for healthy eating and a large selection of greens in supermarkets make gardeners wonder which of these plants can be grown in their beds? In this article we will talk about the nine most interesting, in our opinion, varieties of lettuce.

Another “bonus” is always “attached” to the flowering of indoor roses - capriciousness. When they say that it is easy to grow roses in rooms, they are disingenuous. For flowering indoor roses it is necessary to create literally ideal conditions. And vigilant care, attention and response to any plant signals is the main key to success. True, no matter how capricious roses may be, growing them in a potted format can be quite successful. And attentive flower growers should not be afraid of this.

Pollock is best cooked in the form of a casserole, separating the fillet from the skin and bones. Pieces of fish are mixed with a colorful vegetable set, poured with a sauce of cheese, sour cream and eggs. This fish casserole has a presentable appearance, and its taste is a bizarre mixture of subtle nuances. Vegetables and fillets will be soaked in sour cream, the cheese will harden with a golden crust, eggs will bind all the ingredients together. Pieces of fish are abundantly sprinkled with Italian herbs, and pollock acquires an unusual piquancy.

Despite the fact that the calendar spring begins in March, you can really feel the awakening of nature only with the advent of flowering plants in the garden. Nothing testifies to the arrival of spring as eloquently as clearings of blooming primroses. Their appearance is always a small holiday, because winter has receded, and a new garden season awaits us ahead. But, besides spring primroses, there is still something to see and admire in the garden in the month of April.

Growing rapidly and turning into wild thickets, hogweed disrupts the existing ecosystem and suppresses all other plants. Essential oils, contained in the fruits and leaves of hogweed, cause severe forms of dermatitis. At the same time, it is much more difficult to deal with it than with other common weeds. Fortunately, today a tool has appeared on the market that can rid your site of most weeds, including cow parsnip, in a short time.

Carrot happens different colors: orange, white, yellow, purple. Orange carrots are dominated by beta-carotene and lycopene, yellow due to the presence of xanthophylls (lutein); white carrots are high in fiber, while purple ones contain anthocyanin, beta and alpha carotenes. But, as a rule, gardeners choose varieties of carrots for sowing not by the color of the fruit, but by the timing of their ripening. About the best early, middle and late varieties we will tell in this article.

We recommend a fairly easy recipe for a pie with a delicious filling of chicken and potatoes. Chicken and potato open pie is a great hearty dish that is suitable for a hearty snack, it is very convenient to take a couple of pieces of this pastry on the road. The cake is baked in the oven for one hour at 180 degrees. After that, lay it out on a wooden surface, after releasing it from the mold. It is enough to slightly cool the pastries and you can start tasting.

The long-awaited spring for many indoor plants is the period of the start of active vegetation, and for the majority - the return of their decorative effect. Admiring the young leaves and emerging shoots, you should not forget that spring is also a big stress for all houseplants. Sensitive to changes in conditions and versatile, all indoor crops are faced with much brighter lighting, changes in air humidity and temperature conditions.

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Do you want to create a unique beauty exhibition? Grow a tree plant. For those who have such a desire, a date palm from a seed at home is the best option.

To grow a date palm, you will have to be patient. It grows slowly and, unfortunately, will not bear fruit at home. To do this, its height must be at least 15 m. But this is not necessary. Even without fruits, an attractive plant with huge fans of leaves will decorate any interior. This will require a lot of space and light.

How to sprout a date bone?

Every plant starts with a seed. Date palm not an exception. There is no need to specifically look for its seeds - you can buy dates at any vegetable store. There is no point in planting unsprouted date palm seeds. Most likely, they simply will not rise or the process will drag on for a very long time.

So let's grow:

choose the bones from the dates bought in the store;
we inspect them for damage, traces of mold or insects, we reject all non-standard ones;
soak in clean water for a day to remove the remnants of the pulp, changing it several times, the pulp contains substances that inhibit seed germination;
we wash the bones;
we wake up the seed for 48 hours in a thermos with slightly heated melt water with the addition of a few grains of humate;
we put it in a container with moist loose material: vermicult, hydrogel, crushed and sterilized sphagnum moss, placing it all in a plastic bag;
for seed germination, a temperature of about 35 degrees is needed - a place near a heating radiator is ideal;
germination takes from 2 to 3 months, and all this time it is necessary to monitor the humidity of the substrate and remove the condensate formed on the film.

As soon as sharp little sprouts appeared, it was time to move the bones into the ground.

Ground requirement

The best soil, both for young palms and for grown plants, is a palm substrate.

If it is not possible to purchase it, prepare the soil of the following composition:

sod land;
peat;
sand.

All components are taken in equal parts. You can add a little steamed moss or hardwood sawdust for looseness. At this stage, a pot 10 or 12 cm high is enough for the plant. There should be drainage at the bottom of the pot.

Landing Rules

Here among flower growers there is no consensus. Most people think that the stone should be stuck vertically so that there is a 1 cm layer of soil above it. But there is an opinion that it is better to germinate seeds laid in pots horizontally with the seam down and covered with a layer of soil 2 cm thick. In any case, for the sake of one bone, start not worth the trouble. Their germination is not very good, so it is easier to plant several seeds in two pots different ways and see which one is more efficient. Waiting for the shoots will have to be patient. Germination can take up to 5 months. All this time, a plastic bag should be put on the pot, which should be removed for ventilation. The soil is sprayed with a spray gun to maintain its moisture content. Pots should be at a temperature of 20 to 30 degrees. Light at this time they do not need.

How to care for a palm tree at home?

To grow a date palm from a seed, it is not enough to plant it, you need to properly care for the newly emerging seedlings and adult plants. This tree is very sensitive to any inaccuracies in care, to which it responds with poor health. Young, newly hatched sprouts are especially in need of attention. They grow very quickly, which is not surprising - after all, this is a tree. Its growth force is much higher than that of herbaceous plants. Only after the opening of the first leaf, the growth rate slows down. The first leaves are completely unlike palm leaves, they are linear with clearly visible longitudinal grooves. It is then that they will split into segments that make up amazingly beautiful fans.

At the beginning of growth, the palm tree needs especially a lot of light, so the pots are placed on the brightest window. The air temperature for young plants should not fall below 20 degrees. V winter time you can insulate the window sill from below, so that cold air did not lower the temperature of the soil in the pot.

If several plants sprouted in a pot, each will need an individual container for growth.

Soil for transplantation needs the following composition:

humus - 4 parts;
peat - 1 part;
turf and leaf land, sand - 2 parts each.

It is good to add crushed charcoal to the mixture. Transplantation into individual pots with a diameter of about 15 cm is carried out when the first leaf is 15 cm long. Drainage should consist of expanded clay mixed with charcoal. Its thickness is about 2 cm.

If possible, in the summer the palm tree should spend on fresh air. Such a "summer vacation" will benefit the tree.

The main conditions for keeping a date palm at room conditions:

maximum illumination, but diffused light; it is in its homeland that the tree withstands the scorching rays of the sun without harm to health, in a room they can cause a burn on the leaves; even in winter, daylight hours for a plant should not be less than 12 hours; it is extended by highlighting with phytolamps.

For symmetrical development of the crown, every 14 days the pot with the plant is rotated 180 degrees.

air humidity about 50%;
air temperature in summer - from 20 to 25 degrees, in winter it is reduced to 16 degrees to slow down the metabolism in plant tissues in conditions of lack of lighting;
planting and transplanting into soil for date palms, which has a neutral or slightly acidic reaction;
mandatory drainage;
daily airing of the room;
timely proper feeding and watering.

How to water correctly?

The irrigation schedule and the amount of water directly depend on the time of year. In summer, they are watered so that the earthen ball does not dry out - from 3 to 4 times a week. During the period of forced dormancy from watering to watering, the earth ball should dry slightly. It is enough to moisturize the palm tree 1-2 times a week. Overflow is harmful, so excess water from the pan must be poured out half an hour after moistening the soil. Special attention— the quality of irrigation water. Ideally, it should be melted or clean rain, soft with a minimum amount of salt. The water temperature is about 33 degrees.

The plant responds well to spraying with warm soft water, especially in summer. He will also need sanitary procedures - wiping the leaves with a damp cloth, followed by drying with a dry cloth. Once a month, plants can be given a warm shower, but the soil in the pot must be covered so that it does not get wet.

Top dressing and fertilizer

In the season of active growth - in spring and summer, the tree is fed with complex fertilizer for palm trees once every 14 days. In winter, the intensity of top dressing is reduced by 2-3 times.

The palm tree responds very well to foliar top dressing by leaves. They are made the same fertilizer, but its concentration in the solution is reduced by 10 times. The frequency of top dressing is from 3 to 1 time per month, depending on the growth strength of the plant.

Plant transplant

Most the best time for palm transplantation - April. Young plants need this operation annually. After 5 years, transplantation is practiced every 2-3 years, and in plants older than 10 years, they simply change the top layer of the substrate. The palm itself will tell you what it needs new pot- roots will appear from the drainage hole in the old one.

They are thick, but fragile. She is extremely negative about their damage. For her, transplantation is a big stress, it must be done carefully, preserving the earthen ball as much as possible.

The pot is chosen high, each transplant increases its diameter by 3-4 cm. Drainage is necessarily laid at the bottom of the pot. The soil is prepared in the same way as for planting young plants.

The date palm is transplanted only by transshipment, without exposing the roots.

If this does happen, you will have to cut off some of the leaves in order to maintain a balance between the underground and aboveground parts. Even in non-old plants, you can replace the top layer of soil - there will be more nutrition for the palm tree. This procedure is carried out every six months.

reproduction

The date palm reproduces by seeds. In some species, shoots may appear. These include the Robelin date.

If the daughter plant has developed roots, it can be separated.

With a sharp knife, cut off the baby as close to the trunk as possible without damaging it.
We transplant the delenka into the soil for palm trees, acting in the same way as when transplanting an adult plant.
At first, you will have to put a plastic bag on a pot with a young palm tree so that it takes root better.

Do not forget to spray the young plant more often.

Pests and diseases of the date palm

A date palm that has spent the summer outdoors can acquire spider mite, scale insect or mealybug. But even if the plant is constantly kept in room conditions, pests still appear. Insecticides, for example, Actellik, will help to cope with them. Only it is desirable to treat them with a plant in the open air. From preventive measures a monthly warm shower with washing the leaves with soapy water is good. But the soil in the pot must be protected from it.

The main diseases of the palm are pink rot and spotting. Plants that are weakened by poor care usually get sick. Control measures - fungicides, but not containing copper: Mancozeb, Ridomil.

The tips of the leaves dry - the air is too dry, you need to spray the plants more often.
The leaves turn yellow - lack of moisture, you need to water more often.
The leaves darken - waterlogging, reduce the amount of watering.
The date palm stops growing - it's too cold in the room. At temperatures below 16 degrees, the roots function poorly, practically not absorbing nutrients. Another reason may be the high acidity of the soil. It acidifies when watered with hard water. Such a plant will have to be transplanted.

In general, caring for an indoor giant is not so difficult. Palm trees are very responsive to care and will delight the grower good growth and healthy looking.

Under natural conditions, date palms grow into a strong tree with a powerful trunk. The homeland of the plant is considered hot Africa and India.

It is known that a tree can live in conditions of heat and hot sand for up to one hundred and fifty years.

Optimal indoor conditions for growing

To grow a palm tree at home, it is necessary to provide it with the most comfortable conditions. The soil for the date palm is selected loose, well-permeable to moisture and air, soft and nutritious. You can purchase a purchased substrate for palm plants, you can cook it yourself. To do this, take sod land, humus or compost and sand in equal parts with the addition of superphosphate. A pot for a date palm is chosen, guided by height and depth, the main thing is that the long roots of the plant fit.

Did you know? Dates, along with buttermilk, are traditionally eaten by Muslims at the end of the Ramadan fast after sunset. Another Muslim tradition in Oman is that when a boy is born in a family, the father plants a date palm. The tree grows with the child and serves as a talisman for him.

Place and lighting for a palm tree

A palm tree in nature develops beautifully in conditions of the scorching sun and heat, but in an apartment, home plants are not adapted for such extreme sports. It is best to place the plant pot near windows facing south, east and west, but not in direct sunlight, the leaves should not get burned. Since the leaves always reach for the light, the palm must be rotated regularly around its axis so that the crown develops evenly, and not the leaves are stretched on one side. In winter, the palm tree needs to be provided with additional lighting with fluorescent lamps.

Important! Without proper lighting, the leaves of the date palm are deformed, strongly stretched, become brittle, brittle, fall down.

Temperature regime

The temperature regime for a palm tree in an apartment is 23-25 degrees Celsius. In the spring, when the air temperature warms up to +12 degrees, the palm tree can be taken out to the loggia, gradually increasing the time of “walks”. The plant loves fresh air, so it is advisable to ventilate the room in which there is a pot of dates. In winter, the palm tree has a dormant period, it can be kept in cooler conditions, but not below 14 degrees Celsius. V summer period palm tree tolerates high temperatures up to 30 degrees, but subject to maximum humidity.

Features of caring for a date palm at home

The date palm in its homeland lives and develops in drought conditions, but at the same time it does not remain without water, do not forget about long roots. At home, the plant requires attention not only when watering but also in nutrition maintaining the shape of the crown and increasing the area as it grows.

Let's figure out how to water a date palm at different periods of its life. If you planted a palm tree from a stone, then while the plant germinates, watering should be rare, on the verge of complete drying of the soil. When a young bush is formed, watch top layer soil - two to three centimeters, watering is carried out as it dries. For watering palm trees use separated water. Water that gets into the pan of the pot must be immediately drained.

Attention! In winter, the plant's life processes slow down, watering is minimized. If moisture stagnates, root system rot and the date will die.

Air humidity

The plant does not require specific indicators of humidity, but in winter it should be removed as far as possible from heating devices, it is advisable to wipe the leaves with a damp cloth. This will perform several functions at once: it will give the plant additional moisture, clean it of dust, and serve as a prevention against insects. In summer, when the weather is dry and hot, date palm care includes spraying and warm baths once a week. During the bathing procedure, the soil lump around the palm tree trunk must be covered with a dense film and water should not get on it.

top dressing

Fertilizers for palms can be used purchased - complex preparations for large ornamental plants. The date palm responds equally well to organic matter and mineral fertilizers. V warm season the plant is fed twice a month, in the cold - once a month. Fertilizers for dates are desirable in liquid form. Feeding with potassium nitrate (10 g per 10 liters of water) is completely allowed. On sale there are complex formulations directly for palm trees.

Pruning palm leaves

It is important to know how to prune a palm tree so as not to destroy the plant. During the pruning procedure, dead leaves, damaged, leaning too low are removed. Also removed side shoots when they appear, for normal development and decorative look a palm tree should have one central stem. When pruning, be careful: you can not damage the main shoot, otherwise the plant will die.

Important! Do not immediately remove yellowed leaves, the plant draws nutrients from them for some time. Do not remove more leaves than they have grown in a year.

Date palm transplant at home

Consider how to transplant a date palm. The timing of transplantation depends on the age of the palm and its size. A plant under the age of five years is transplanted every year, picking up a pot four centimeters larger. Plants over five years old are repotted every three years, or sooner if the roots are already visible through the drainage holes.

Date palm transplantation is carried out by transshipment, as its root system is quite fragile and requires careful handling. Before the procedure, the earthen ball is thoroughly watered so that it is easier to pull it out of the pot. The plant is taken out on spread paper, drainage is placed in the pot. For self-preparation of the soil you need:

soddy soil - 2 parts;
sheet - 2 parts;
peat - 1 part;
sand - 1 part;
a handful of charcoal.

If the root system does not show through the drainage holes, you can get by with replacing the topsoil with a new one so as not to disturb the plant.

Possible Problems When Growing Date Palms

Date palm can be attacked by pests and most often with improper care at home. Due to strong waterlogging, palm leaves may darken to brown-brown, while the trunk will soften, the plant will emit bad smell rot. Stopping watering and completely drying the soil will help correct the situation. In this situation, a careful examination of the root system will not be superfluous: if the roots are soft, then the palm tree can no longer be saved. If there are live roots, then it is necessary to remove the rotten roots, process the cuts with crushed coal and dry the soil.

If only the ends of the sheet plates become brown, the reasons may be a lack of moisture, temperature changes as a result of a draft, dry air. In case of darkening lower leaves This is most likely due to age.

A bright representative of the Arekov family. His homeland is considered India and Africa. As a decorative culture, exotics became popular in the early 19th century. It is quite unpretentious and perfectly decorates any room. The leaves are pinnate, large in size, which densely cover the hard leaves, with small notches along the edges.

The palm tree prefers bright and long lighting, but preferably without direct sunlight on the foliage. Watering should be moderate, it differs depending on the season, it is better to replace spraying with wiping the foliage with a damp cloth.

A strong tree with a powerful trunk is a long-liver and can please more than one generation with its beauty.. The inflorescence is paniculate, located in the axils of the foliage. Flowers are small, yellow. The fruits are edible. Often used in folk medicine.

Growing and caring for a plant

Lighting and temperature

Under natural conditions, this representative of the flora feels great under the scorching sun. But pot culture is not adapted for such extreme conditions. She needs space near windows facing south, east or west. Direct sunlight is best avoided. otherwise the leaves will get severely burned. They constantly reach up - to the rays. Therefore, the flowerpot is regularly rotated around its axis. So the crown will grow correctly and evenly. V winter period do not do without additional lighting. You can use fluorescent lamps. Otherwise, the lack of ultraviolet light will make the foliage fragile and lethargic.

The optimal indicators of the thermometer are 21-22. Permissible and +30, with the proper level of humidity. You can also arrange "summer holidays". If the air warms up to +15, then the loggia, terrace or part of the garden protected from the sun will become perfect place for the date palm. But the “move” begins with gradually increasing “walks” in the fresh air. Bring the container into the room with the onset of cool nights, when the temperature drops below 17 degrees. In winter, the room is ventilated daily, avoiding drafts. At the same time, there is peace. The temperature regime should drop to +15.

Soil for palm trees

The palm is not very demanding. It develops well, both in neutral and in slightly acidic conditions.. It is better to choose loose, soft and nutritious. It must pass water and air perfectly. You can buy it in a specialized store - palm soil.

If you want to cook it yourself, then you need:

sand;
humus;
soddy soil in equal parts.

Superphosphate is added in a small amount. Everything is thoroughly mixed.

Pot selection

The pot is preferably narrow and rather long

Experienced gardeners prefer high and deep to easily accommodate a very long root system. It is preferable to choose ceramics or clay. There are times when a palm tree becomes so large and heavy that it is almost impossible to remove it from the vessel. In this case, the pot is broken.

Watering and moisturizing as it should be

From mid-spring to early autumn, frequent and plentiful watering is required. The water that flows into the pan is drained only after 2-3 hours. During this time, the roots will absorb enough liquid. The humidity schedule changes from September to March. It is significantly reduced and occurs only after the top layer of the soil dries up. Makes an impact and temperature regime: the lower it is, the less often water is required and vice versa.

Overwatering is just as bad as overdrying. Water is required settled or purified, room temperature. Spraying is carried out every day. In the summer - twice a day. To keep the humidity stable, a pallet with expanded clay is used. A vessel is placed on it and water is poured into it. This protects the plant from decay and saturates with a sufficient amount of moisture.

Cleaning of dust occurs every 3 days, using a damp cloth.

plant pruning

Only dry branches and leaves need to be pruned.

It is worth taking the process seriously and knowing all the rules and features in advance. If the molding is incorrect, the pet may die. Only dead, dried and dead branches are removed. To maintain a decorative look, side shoots are cut.

Only one central trunk guarantees normal growth and development. You can not remove just yellowed leaves (exotic beauty sucks from them necessary elements). Don't get rid of more twigs than appeared on the plant in a year.

Fertilizers - what, when and how much

Organic matter is required at the peak of active growth and development - from April to September. They are submitted every week. Once a month there is an alternation with another element - potassium nitrate. It is enough 10 grams per bucket of water. With the onset of cold weather, top dressing is applied 3 times per quarter.

Transplant - the nuances of work

This is a great stress for the pet, during it, most often the root system is damaged. Therefore, changing the pot occurs only for a good reason. The best time is spring. The transfer method is used.

Young specimens have to be transplanted every year, they grow very quickly. Adult representatives need to change their “place of residence” as needed (approximately every 3 years). The new container is slightly different from the previous one in size. At the bottom, a drainage layer (7-8 cm) is necessarily poured. Use pebbles, brick fragments, expanded clay or charcoal with sand.

For adult plants, soil renewal is carried out once a year. The upper layer (3-5 cm) is carefully removed and fresh soil is covered.

Pests and Diseases - Treatment and Prevention

Change in appearance

trunk softening, brown spots on foliage and appearance bad smell- signs of waterlogging. You can help the plant by completely stopping watering. As soon as the soil dries enough, the problem will disappear. But, if the situation has not changed, then an inspection of the roots is required. Too soft testify to the death of the exotic. If there are living fragments, then you can try to transplant them. Yellow foliage - disadvantage useful substances or too hard water.

It feeds on palm sap. Signs of an unexpected guest are brown dots on the surface of the green mass. If you do not respond in time, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off.

It appears if the mode of moistening and watering is systematically violated. This insect is a dangerous and insidious enemy of dates. The first target of his attacks is the stem. This can be understood by the characteristic spots of gray or yellow.

palm tree reproduction

Planting a date palm seed

Reproduction is very simple if the bone has not been treated with high temperature. You can use not only planting material from flower shop, but also ordinary dates from the supermarket. The most favorable time is the end of February or the beginning of March.

The bone is pre-soaked to avoid mold. When the remnants of the fruit pulp are cleared, then it is placed in a separate bowl with a loose substrate. After abundantly water and place in a room with good lighting.

When the sprout will appear is unknown. Be sure to ventilate and moisturize. If the growth of a young pet has reached 12 cm, then it is moved to a permanent flowerpot.

As a rule, it takes from 3 to 6 months.

Leaves may appear only after 3-4, and sometimes 5 years. In no case should you cut it off, since the growth point is located at the very top. In order for the crown to form correctly, and evenly, the flowerpot is rotated around its axis every month.

Inspection before buying in the store - choose a healthy plant

Date palm can decorate any interior. But, if there is no desire to raise a pet from a bone for years, then you can buy it at a flower market. But it is important to choose the right plant in the store. You should not do this in unintended places (subway, roadside, ad on the street or on the Internet).

Proven nurseries are the key to a healthy beauty. Before buying, a thorough inspection of the entire representative of the flora is carried out. It should be free from stains, yellowing, damage or signs of insects. Drooping, drooping stems or a soft central trunk are signs of disease or improper care. Do not give preference to such an instance.

Species and varieties

The most popular and decorative date palms:

Canarian. Its fruits are poisonous, on the branches there are long sharp thorns;
Finger. The most famous species in the world. The fruits of this tree are exactly those dried fruits that we buy in ordinary stores;
Robelin. It has 2 central stems. The crown is dense and lush. Black bones. The species belongs to the shade-tolerant representatives.

It is pleasant and prestigious to have a date palm at home, because an exotic houseplant will perfectly decorate any interior. There is no difference in what kind of species you have, knowing how to care for a date palm will be useful to all owners of these houseplants.

Even young bushes that do not yet have beautiful trunks are already proudly called a palm tree, therefore good care will surely make any nondescript sprout a real pride of the house, if it is correct and constant.

Date palm at home

In the wild, the date palm grows in India and Africa, scientists know 17 of its species. Among the hot sand, the tree lives for about 150 years and during this time many new plants appear around it, grown from its seeds and roots. Is it possible that a desert palm tree can also grow in our apartments without specific care?

Robelena (Phoenix Roebelenii) with a very beautiful dense crown no higher than 1.5-2 meters.
Canarian (Phoenix Canariensis) - height up to 2 meters, feathery trunks, hard straight and narrow leaves.
Fingered (Phoenix Dactylifera) - the most common form, not very beautiful, but relatively fast growing. The disadvantage of this plant is that its trunk will gradually become bare over time.

Growing a date at home takes a lot of dedication and time, but it can be a great hobby for years to come. Many are trying to grow date palms from, this is an excellent way out for everyone who is not able to purchase an adult seedling, which is relatively expensive.

How to care for a date palm

The date tree will not please with beauty for the first five years, its decorative value will appear only after 5-7 years. Do not expect that, having grown a date from a seed, it will be possible to have an excellent decor for your home in a couple of years.

In order for your house to be decorated with an adult indoor date palm, caring for it throughout the years has several important points:

It must be constantly turned towards the sun so that the sun's rays reach all the leaves. Without light, the leaves stretch, develop unevenly and become brittle.
The plant is very afraid of drafts. Ventilating housing in the autumn-winter period, you need to protect it from cold air currents.
When watering, do not allow stagnant water at the roots, therefore good drainage- required condition. For irrigation, use settled, soft water without chlorine at a temperature of about 20 ° C.

Leaves need to be sprayed daily, as the tree needs wet air. Once a week, the plant will even need a real shower, but during the procedure, an earthen lump in a pot must be carefully covered with a film.
The leaves should also be regularly wiped with damp sponges so that they are not attacked by pests and just so that the palm tree has a well-groomed appearance.
In no case is it permissible to cut or break off the top of a palm tree. Pruning the top of the stem is fraught with the death of the plant.
Mineral and organic fertilizers apply twice a month during the warm period and once a month - in the winter. Complex preparations for palm trees or for decorative and deciduous houseplants are suitable. They are applied only in wet soil, in a diluted form.

Date palm - transplant, transshipment

The plant often begins to hurt after transplantation. It is very difficult for her to endure, if everything is done traditional way. How to transplant a date palm, should it be done at all?

Young date palm (up to 4-5 years old) is transplanted annually, and mature plant- in 2-3 years. This is done in the spring. Every six months, it is recommended to remove the top soil layer and fill the vacant place with new soil.

A transplant is required only when the roots no longer fit in the pot and are clearly visible through drainage holes, therefore, each transplant (more precisely, transshipment) is made into a pot 3-4 cm larger in diameter. To do this, the bush is carefully rolled over into a new container, and the voids are filled with soil.

Specialists in the care of date palms at home have noticed: the larger the pot becomes, the more intense the plant begins to grow. But you can not take too large containers, as in them the growth of the tree may stop.

For transplantation, store-bought soil mixtures “For palm trees” are taken, or the soil is prepared independently based on:

2 parts of light clay-turf;
2 parts of humus-leaf;
1 part peat;
1 part of rotted manure;
1 part sand;
some charcoal.

The soil should be loose, soft, permeable to air and moisture. At the bottom of the pot must be placed good layer drainage so that it prevents water stagnation as much as possible. The pot should be chosen not wide, but high, so that long roots fit well.

Diseases of date palms

It would seem that the indoor date palm receives care, but it appearance not on high level- it dries, the leaves turn yellow, darken, curl. What could be the problem?

Consider what are the diseases of the date palm due to illiterate care:

If the leaves become completely dark, almost brown, the trunk is soft, a putrid smell is felt, then this indicates waterlogged soil. After the appearance of such signs, watering stops, you need to wait for the soil to dry.
It is necessary to examine the state of the root system, for this the plant is removed from the container in which it grows. If all the roots are soft, watery, dark, then they have already died and it is impossible to save such a palm tree. If there are living roots, then they must be carefully protected from the dead by cutting and sprinkling crushed charcoal on the cut points.
If only their tips turn brown on the leaves, then this happens as a result of a lack of watering, dry air or winter drafts, and sudden changes in temperature. Brown leaves at the bottom are not terrible - these are age-related changes. The darkened leaves have died off, so they should be cut with a sharp knife, they will not be restored.

If the date palm turns yellow, it means that it is watered either with hard water or does not receive enough moisture, nutrients. From insufficient watering, the leaves fall down, and this defect cannot be corrected. You can lift them by tying them to a support.

A pale appearance indicates too much light or a red spider mite infestation. To protect the tree from bright solar lighting, you need to slightly shade the plant.

If the date palm dries, the leaves fall off, darken, curl, brown plaques appear on their surface - the plant dies from pests.

Pest control - scale insects, mealybugs or spider mites is standard for all indoor plants. You need to wash the leaves with a solution laundry soap, sprinkle with garlic extract. If a severe lesion is observed, a solution of Aktellik (broad-spectrum insecticide) is applied - 1-2 ml per liter of water.

Today you learned what a date palm can be like at home, how to care for it, how to transplant it correctly, and what diseases can harm your pet. Don't stop there, let your first growing experience exotic plants will help you create a real greenhouse. Winter Garden at home is a dream that many fail to realize, but you can definitely do it! Good luck!