Do-it-yourself facing tiles for the facade of the house. Do-it-yourself facade tiles - we share manufacturing experience

A tiled house has several advantages at once - it is beautiful and durable. You can buy exclusive material on an individual order or purchase the product you like in the store, or you can make it yourself and decorate the walls yourself. Do-it-yourself forms of facade tiles are not as difficult to make as it seems at first glance. This article talks about the most reliable and uncomplicated ways to produce tile material at home.

Many doubt whether it is possible to carry out this whole process without special equipment, how durable the material will be. Therefore, before proceeding with the manufacture of facing products on your own, you need to study what a tile is and how it is made in production.

In total, there are several main types of tiles according to the main component:

concrete - made from cement, sand and plasticizers;
ceramic - made from specially graded clay and fired in kilns at high temperatures;
clinker - high-quality grades of clay are pressed under high pressure and fired at a temperature of about 1200 degrees;
porcelain stoneware - made like clinker, but granite chips are added to the composition;
terracotta - made from porous clay of the same name.

Brick elements look natural and neat

Each type corresponds to the method of manufacture and the main filler, which gives the material aesthetics and protective properties. Tiled products can be divided by shape:

finishing facade stone;
clinker brick;
imitation of finishing or masonry bricks;
a flat rectangular tile with a smooth, rough, matte or glossy surface.

Manufacturing processes can be: firing or dry pressing. Habitual ceramics goes the way:

Extraction of raw materials in quarries.
Material processing, cleaning.
Formation;
Drying;
Burning.

The production of concrete tiles is quite affordable for everyone

For concrete products and for many types of artificial stones, the process is limited to vibrocasting and drying.

Let's compare what equipment is used in production, how it can be replaced at home.

The crushing and extrusion machine can be replaced with a ready-made mixture from a hardware store.
The concrete mixer will completely replace a mini concrete mixer or a bucket and a drill with a nozzle.
A press with vibrocasting will replace the vibrating table.
Peress forms can be made independently or purchased at the store.

As you can see, the whole process is easy to repeat at home. Some will ask what it is for, because the required material can be bought for a suitable amount. But here is an example, you have conceived a design, but a suitable stone is not for sale, or there is, but the color does not fit. Also, it might be too expensive. In the end, this type of cladding may not exist at all. That's when your own hands and useful tips come to the rescue.

For wood, it is important to choose a relief textured pattern.

Making a mold

Today it is quite possible to purchase ready-made forms. They are for all types of tiles, if you look well, you will be lucky to buy exactly what you need. The most important thing is not to buy cheap plastic matrices. Usually they are enough for no more than one laying of the solution, after which the plastic becomes unusable. As already noted, a suitable form may not be on sale, then you will inevitably have to make it yourself. Whatever material you choose for the matrix, you can take an artificial analogue, tile or natural stone as a basis. If you stop at the second option, then buy several different samples, remember that there is nothing the same in nature. The basis can be a wooden bar, a log. The main thing is to choose a beautiful texture of wood. Let's understand the technology of the form.

We note right away that the base can be made for one tile or immediately for a group of stones. It is more profitable to make the second one, since the output is several finished products at once, the speed of work, accordingly, increases. Whatever material you use, you will need formwork. Get ready-made or make it yourself.

Silicone sealant is cheaper to choose in large packaging

Silicone

Silicone is sold in different packaging. You better look in buckets, because in tubes you will overpay for packaging, but you need a lot of it.

Now we lubricate the bottom and walls of the formwork with a special lubricant, and lay tiles or stones on the bottom. The source files also need to be lubricated, since they will have to be freed from silicone.

Important! If gypsum stone or tile is used as the starting material, then they must be covered with several layers of varnish, only then coated.

The form is filled to the brim

We prepare a soap solution for brushes and a spatula. Apply silicone, smooth with a brush, constantly pressing. This way you avoid bubbles. Now it is desirable to compact the silicone and smooth it with a soap spatula. Now the mold must be left until the silicone hardens.

The polymerization process takes a long time. The standard speed is 2mm per day. The thicker the future workpiece, the more time it will take. Do not rush to pull out the matrix, the stronger it turns out, the more time it can be used. A poorly polymerized form can be used once or twice. Standard properties of silicone sealant that should be taken into account when working:

tensile strength - 01 MPa;
density - 1200 kg/m3;
viability - 8 hours;
durability - 20 years.

Stone tile base

After complete hardening, the material is removed, the matrix is washed with soap and can be used.

Molding dies from compound

There are special compositions for casting molds. They can be purchased at hardware stores or departments for creativity. There is no need, they are chasing imported compounds, our compounds are of good quality, reasonable cost.

The example shown in the photo has two components. Silagerm -5035 has tensile strength - about 4 MPa, Shrinkage - no more than 1%, and total hardening time - a day.

The quality of the composition is better, and accordingly, the forms from it are used longer.

Important! Before pouring gypsum or cement, lubricate the mold with a special compound - Tiprom, then it will last even longer.

Domestic polyurethane compound

Professional production of tile material at home

Do-it-yourself tiles are made on the basis of gypsum or cement. Gypsum lining is usually used indoors, but if its surface is impregnated with hydrophobic substances, it can be used on building facades in dry climates. Nevertheless, many are interested in gypsum products, as they are easier to give the desired color, they have better adhesion and are much lighter than cement elements.

Production of facing elements based on gypsum

To work, you will need the following tools and materials:

Gypsum, preferably white.
River clean sand.
Lemon powder.
Required dyes.
PVA glue.
Drill with a nozzle for kneading.
Matrices for shaping.
Plastic bucket for solution.
Brushes and spatula.

Gypsum is also different

Before work, prepare a place to dry the material. It must be perfectly even so that the products are of the same thickness. Consider the whole process in stages.

Finished elements can be white for coloring

Video instruction for the manufacture of tile elements from gypsum mortar

We invite you to watch a detailed video tutorial. After watching it, you will learn how to cast a beautiful finish for your home without difficulty.

Cement mass tile

Cement or concrete tiles and artificial stones are much more in demand, as they can be used on any facades, garden paths and other types of landscaping. Nothing will happen to them in any weather. This tile has resistance to atmospheric influences, chemical and biological influence. It is durable and wear resistant. Such products can be formed from Portland cement, river sand and water. PVA glue is added as a plasticizer. What follows is familiar:

After the solution has set a little, a grid is drawn on it to improve the adhesive properties.
The tiles must dry. Then it is carefully removed from the molds and left to dry completely for several weeks. Then it is stacked on pallets and stored in a dry, dark place.

Storage of finished products

In order to avoid errors during installation, we will give some recommendations that will help make the cladding process better and faster.

Seamless mounting method

Making the cladding on your own is a fascinating process, in addition, it is useful for the wallet, it will satisfy any requests and imagination. Do not rush to buy ready-made finishing material, perhaps you will get exclusive forms of facade tiles as in the photo, and even with your own hands.

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Igor Robertovich, Chelyabinsk asks a question:

I heard that do-it-yourself brick clinker tiles are made quite simply, but they didn’t explain the work technology to me. Now he has built a cottage, and the question arose of finishing the facade. I have not yet decided what to do: buy ready-made material or try to make tiles myself? I would like to know the advantages of clinker tiles, the features of manufacturing and installation, in order to do the decoration with my own hands. Thank you in advance.

The expert answers:

Do-it-yourself brick clinker tiles are made using a silicone mold and the use of simple materials: gypsum, cement, sand and color.

Manufacturing technology is simple. First, a tile model is made from plasticine, covered with silicone and waiting for drying. 2 cans of silicone sealant are enough for 2 molds. Next, a solution is prepared: 2 portions of gypsum, 1 portion of sand, 1 portion of cement.

Color is added, everything is stirred and poured into the mold. After 15 minutes the product is ready. You can dry it in the oven or on a stove bench. So that the tile does not crumble and does not smear, it must be covered with a primer.

A homemade product will not have the characteristics of a factory-made material, but sometimes this is a good way out of a difficult situation.

Clinker tiles from the manufacturer are a type of ceramics. It has high strength, due to the long firing of clay at high temperature. It is easy to work with, but the price is several times higher than that of ceramic tiles.

If you do not have work experience, read the instructions and watch a video that will show the installation and manufacturing features.

The technology of laying clinker tiles under brick does not differ much from laying conventional ceramic tiles. Regardless of whether you will be laying tiles on a concrete or plastered surface, the surface must be flat, cleaned of dirt and covered with soil.

It is necessary to choose the right glue. For facades, you need high-quality material that does not absorb moisture and is resistant to low temperatures.

Clinker well withstands dampness, frost, sunlight. It does not need further maintenance if the seams between the tiles are well worn.

Work is carried out according to the generally accepted scheme.

Main stages of work:

surface leveling;
markup;
mixing the adhesive solution;
laying tiles;
sealing seams.

Tools used:

level;
drill with mixer;
putty knife;
container for glue;
paint cord.

The wall is leveled and primed. On a concrete wall, you need to put a rough layer of plaster with the installation of a facade mesh. If the wall is well leveled, then the tile is moistened only with water or a small layer of glue. The thickness of the seam is due to special removable inserts or a rod.

It is necessary to mark the wall with a water level and a paint cord. Usually work starts from the second row, because the first basement row is laid out last. Sometimes work begins along the guide, which is laid out according to the level from the bottom in the second row.

Laying should start from window and door openings or from corners. We apply glue with a notched trowel and combine the tiles relative to each other according to the principle of brickwork.

The tile adhesive is applied with a spatula with a tooth depth of about 10 mm. The product under the brick is placed in a run, as with brickwork. For laying corners, you need to use corner elements that will help imitate brickwork and speed up the work process.

When laying clinker tiles under a brick with their own hands, a rod is sometimes used. To lay the next seam, a rod is placed on top of the previous one to ensure a uniform arrangement of the material.

Further, when the glue dries, the rod or inserts are removed and the joint is filled with grout mortar. The seams must be carefully sealed to prevent water from getting under the tiles. The solution is prepared using a mixer, using the manufacturer's recommendations.

A house lined with clinker tiles looks solid, stylish, attractive, and the facade will not fade or dilapidate even after a long time.

And get answers to your questions.

Varieties of forms

A huge selection of casting molds allows you to create facing tiles that can satisfy any design idea and exactly repeat the texture:

marble pile;
limestone pile;
faceted limestone;
figured slate;
cliff;
dolomite.

Independent production of facade tiles

In order to avoid unnecessary expenses and save money, many owners are engaged in the independent manufacture of facade tiles, turning to various sources for information. Following this instruction, you can accurately set up this simple production process at home. So, when making tiles, you need:

engage in the acquisition and preparation of molds for casting tiles;
assemble it yourself or buy a vibrating table;
knead the solution for the future material;
to mold the product on a vibrating table;
let the product stand in shape for at least 24 hours;
carry out work on the formwork of the manufactured material;
use tiles for cladding or ensure they are properly stored.

In the video, one of the ways to make facade tiles with your own hands

By observing the mandatory production conditions, you can significantly reduce material costs. Prices for molds for the manufacture of facing tiles differ depending on the material from which they are created.

Stages of work on the production of facade tiles

All work on the creation of facade tiles can be divided into the following stages:

extraction, transportation and storage of material (quarry stage);
material processing (mechanical stage);
molding products from processed materials;
drying;
burning.

Quarry mining. The technological process for the production of facing tiles originates from the quarry extraction of materials for its manufacture. To increase the elasticity of the components (eg clay) and thereby improve their molding properties, they are soaked and subjected to freezing throughout the year.

Processing stage. To ensure high-quality mechanical processing of material for the production of facade tiles, this is done using clay processing machines. Their task is to isolate and process third-party inclusions.

Tile molding process. In the process of forming facade tiles, two methods are used:

semi-dry pressing;
plastic molding.

Drying process. After molding, the material must be dried. Otherwise, during firing, the lining will crack and will not shrink evenly.

Roasting process. At the final stage of manufacturing the outer facing tiles, the firing process takes place, which contributes to the formation of the structure of the material and its technical properties. In the production of facade tiles, in addition to clay, a concrete mixture is used. It is she who allows you to create a cladding yourself at home.

For concrete mix, the vibrocasting method is used. This method guarantees production with low porosity and allows the use of sand, crushed stone, cement, various pigments and plasticizers in the process of its production. The standard equipment for home production is a concrete mixer and a vibrating platform.

Equipment selection

So, in the manufacture of facing tiles by vibrocasting, both privately and in production, need:

concrete mixer;
vibrating table;
casting molds.

In the production process of creating material for cladding, the following are used:

crushing machine;
extruder;
concrete mixer;
Press;
casting molds.

Additional equipment are gas and electric dryers, a vibrating sieve and a table with weights.

Good afternoon, dear users of our site. This article will focus on concrete tiles, which you can make with your own hands and decorate your fence with it in the future. Below is a technological illustrated map, with the help of which you will learn this useful skill.

Initially, you will need to get a special tool and fixtures. The most important device is plastic molds(photo1). You can buy them in a specialized store. The second important point is the presence of a vibrating table (photo2). You can either buy it or make it yourself. Now we will not dwell on this. The second thing you need is a heating bath. It is done extremely simply: any metal trough is taken. A metal mesh is laid on its bottom. After the container is filled with water. An ordinary boiler is placed on the grid directly into the water (it is advisable to use it more powerfully). Do not forget to make grounding from the body of the metal trough. With regard to materials, the specific components required are: plasticizer, mold release agent. What it is and why it is used, you will learn a little later. As for lubrication: any lube with a light, oily consistency will do.

So, the process of making tiles at the initial stage involves the preparation of forms. Your task is to clean the front plastic surface from dust and dirt. Also, the front surface is covered with grease. This is necessary so that in the future the form easily lags behind the concrete product. In addition, the presence of lubrication allows you to achieve a smooth surface on the finished product. After applying a layer of grease with a brush, it must be removed with a rag. Only a thin film of lubricant remains on the form, which is what we need.

When the preparatory work with the forms is completed, we proceed to the next step: we lay out the forms on the vibrating table (photo 3). After that, you can begin to knead the concrete solution. The ingredients for the mixture are standard: water, cement and sand. However, it is important to add a plasticizer as well. This substance has an oily structure, a pungent odor and a black color. Thanks to the plasticizer, concrete gains strength faster, and also becomes more plastic, which prolongs the life of products made from it. Filling the form is carried out according to a single-layer system. The ratio of cement and sand is 1:2 (1 cement, 2 sand). The concrete to be mixed should have approximately the same consistency as in the photo below (photo 4).

In the third step, we fill out the forms with the finished solution. Then we turn on the vibrating table so that the concrete is properly compacted and fills all the grooves (photo5). Excess solution in the form is removed with a trowel. Upon completion of these works, the molds are placed in a warm, non-humid room for drying for about 17-18 hours (photo 6).

To get the tile out of the mold, it should be preheated in the bath. Thanks to this method of removing the product from the mold, the edges do not break off, the speed of the process increases significantly.

How the finished frozen product looks like can be seen in the photo below (photo7) (photo8) (photo9).

When you have made a sufficient number of tiles and given them the right time for the concrete to gain strength, you can proceed with the facing work of the fence. Concrete tiles are attached to the base in the same way as any other tile: with tile adhesive. The seams between the products are filled with a fugue. By attaching the tile to the fence, you can paint it. It is best to use a spray gun for these purposes.

The finished painted tile on the fence looks like this:

After reading this article, you may get the impression that the independent production of concrete tiles is an expensive, unjustified process. In fact, this is not the case, since a person, using this technology, not only saves material resources, but also receives a product that is not only inferior in quality, but even surpasses what can be purchased now in stores. Also, such a tile has an order of magnitude higher service life, especially when compared with dry-pressed products.

Video:

Good luck in all your endeavors!