How to lay masonry mesh on expanded clay concrete blocks. Masonry technology of expanded clay concrete blocks

Walls erected from expanded clay concrete blocks have good strength characteristics, comparable to those of brick. The adhesive properties of this material with others based on cements are also good, therefore there are few fundamental differences from brickwork. Small one-story room from expanded clay blocks it is permissible to arrange it yourself, without a preliminary project. However, you need to know some features, follow the guide and step by step carry out the entire construction technology.

Before starting the construction, it is necessary to prepare the following tools: a tape measure, a level, a plumb line, a rubber mallet hammer, a trowel for applying mortar, a cord for the purpose of a marking device, a square, an electric tool for cutting blocks and grooves for reinforcement.

Where to start laying blocks is with the preparation of the base on which it is supposed to be erected. The surface of the foundation should be as flat as possible so that the difference in height between the corners of the building does not exceed 3 cm. To do this, arrange a leveling layer of cement composition. After that, it is necessary to lay out the cutting-off waterproofing of the foundation from the masonry of the walls so that there is no capillary suction of water from the foundation.

We lay the first row

Laying of expanded clay concrete blocks can be carried out both with special glue and with conventional DSP. However, if it is planned to use additional insulation of the facade, there is no need for adhesives with low thermal conductivity. The average thickness of the seams should be 12 mm.

Note: when building in winter time years, frost-resistant additives should be put in the solution, according to the instructions.

The laying of the first row begins from the corner of the foundation, and from the highest one. This is determined by the leveling method. But when building walls with your own hands, you can limit yourself and building level... The first expanded clay block must be placed on the minimum layer of the composition, it is leveled as much as possible in the plane according to the plan, as well as vertically and horizontally, using a level. Then the corner blocks are left for a while for the mortar to set. In this way, the laid element becomes a kind of beacon to which the entire row is led.

Laying of the second and subsequent rows

Step-by-step instructions for laying expanded clay blocks:

1. To mark the site according to the layout, mark the places of window and door openings.

2. At the corners of the walls, install a vertical strip with markings along the height of the rows. It is allowed to do without it, often they just use a "mason's corner". Pull the mooring line under the new row.

3. Transfer the number of blocks and ready-made mortar required for one row directly to working area... Provide free access to auxiliary tools.

4. Apply a layer of glue, lay a brick on it.

On a note: when laying walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks with your own hands for the first time, it is better to start with spreading the composition only under one block, in the future, with the development of skill, it will be possible to lay 3-4 blocks at a time.

5. Level using a level and lightly tapping with a suitable tool (you can use a trowel to distribute the adhesive mixture).

6. Lay the next brick.

Laying schemes, dressing and adjoining

The laying of expanded clay concrete walls starts from the corners, the blocks are carefully leveled, and the mortar is given time to set. Then a mooring cord is tied to the corners, and the entire row is laid out along it. The last element is usually non-standard, it needs to be sawed off to size.

Note: Height self-supporting walls should not exceed 3.5 m, and the free length should not exceed 8 m.

Walls can be different designs, the most common are:

• In one row (half a block thick), such is obtained with the layout of expanded clay concrete blocks in the longitudinal direction. Here, there is a classic ligation of spoon rows with an offset at a distance of at least 0.4 from the block height (100 mm).
• In two rows (one block thick), dressing here is carried out by displacing the spoon rows relative to each other at least 100 mm both in the longitudinal direction of the wall and in the transverse direction. In this case, it is necessary to do a butt dressing every 2 rows - this is when expanded clay blocks are located across the wall, for its entire thickness.

Pairing interior walls with external ones, it can be done by bandaging the masonry or by anchoring blocks, embedded or reinforcing elements with a step of 600 mm (the permissible minimum is two dressings for the height of one floor). Everything steel products used for dressings must be corrosion resistant (stainless steel or coated).

Reinforcement and lintels

To smooth out subsidence and shrinkage deformations of the masonry, as well as to reduce the risk of cracking, a girdle reinforcement of every third row is arranged. For this, in the production of work on their own, steel rods of a periodic profile with a diameter of 8 - 10 mm are often used. For them, you need to arrange a strobe of such a depth (up to 25 mm) so that the rods are completely immersed there, without protruding anywhere. At the corners of the structure, the reinforcement should not be interrupted; it will be correct to bend it with a certain radius. Next, the mortar should be placed in the gutter, the rod should be “drowned” in it and covered with top.

Reinforcement is mandatory in the following support rows:

1. For door, window openings. In these places, you need to lay two rows of reinforcement 500 - 900 mm longer than the width of the opening on each side.

2. Under the floor. Here, around the perimeter of the walls, a girdling double-row reinforcement or frame reinforcement is arranged, laid in U-shaped blocks.

If the laying is carried out independently, without a preliminary design and calculations, then, succumbing to the desire to "work better and stronger", you can make a belting reinforcement every 3 rows, this will increase the crack resistance of the structure as a whole.

Above window and doorways jumpers can be arranged as follows:

• With the use of U-shaped products. For this, a support formwork is constructed, trays are laid on it with a bypass on the wall of at least 250 mm. They fit reinforcement cage, and everything is poured with concrete, which is compacted with bayonet, then the surface must be leveled.
• Using ready-made. They are laid on a layer of mortar with a bypass of 100 mm for non-load-bearing structures and at least 250 mm for load-bearing structures.
• You can also use rolled steel profile (angles, square pipes) as a fixed support formwork. On top, you can simply put expanded clay blocks with the usual dressing.

The slab should be supported on a support row with encircling reinforcement, which will evenly redistribute the load along the entire perimeter. If a reinforced concrete slab or beams are used, it is recommended to anchor the floor to the walls with bent reinforcement bars (for example, Ø8 A240). One side of the bent rod is hooked to the ceiling mounting loop, and the other is laid along the expanded clay blocks. Also, the ends of the floor slabs in the outer walls should be additionally protected with a layer of insulation.

In cases where you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to turn to specialists. The cost of masonry per cube in the regions of Russia varies from 900 to 1600 rubles, the highest prices are in Moscow. Also, the cost depends on the types of work included in the estimate, for example, loading is sometimes counted separately.

Masonry technology of expanded clay concrete blocks

In the construction of capital walls, the construction of agricultural buildings, utility rooms, soundproof partitions, expanded clay concrete products are used. The laying of lightweight aggregate concrete blocks is an affordable, not significant operation that can be performed independently.

Such a surface is an excellent base for subsequent finishing. The walls are different high level thermal insulation, resistant to temperature fluctuations, easy to process.

At first glance, blocks of expanded clay concrete seem fragile. However, if you follow the rules discussed in the article, know the features of the material, then those erected in compliance technological features the walls will be able to withstand significant loads from the weight of the building.

Blocks made of expanded clay concrete have been used for construction for more than half a century.

Varieties of products

Expanded clay blocks are made from Portland cement, sand, expanded clay filler. They have proven themselves during construction as a reliable, environmentally friendly material. The expanded clay included in the structure ensures the porosity of the products, has a positive effect on their thermal insulation characteristics.

The geometric dimensions of expanded clay products are standardized and are:

• wall products - 188x190x390 or 188x300x390;
• partition elements - 90x190x390.

The standard allows the manufacture of composites of other sizes, associated with the peculiarities of production, the specifics of the equipment used. Expanded clay concrete blocks are made of hollow or solid construction. The configuration of the voids, located longitudinally or transversely, is different.

Solid composites have increased strength. However, they have inferior thermal insulation characteristics compared to hollow products.

Preparatory activities

Before the laying of expanded clay concrete blocks begins, prepare everything you need. When performing work, you will need:

• A special rubber hammer, weighing 1 kilogram, used to compact products.
• Building corner used when marking products that are divided into parts.

Before proceeding with the laying of walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks, you need to take care of the availability of the tools and materials necessary for this work

• Measuring tape for taking measurements.
• Level to check the correctness of the walls.
• A plumb bob for verifying verticality.
• Trowel of rectangular configuration.
• Mooring cord used to control the thickness of the seams and the location of the layers.
• A sander equipped with a stone wheel, designed for cutting products and gouging.
• Bayonet, shovel tool designed for filling and unloading the mixer.
• Concrete mixer or container in which the mixture will be prepared.

Additionally you will need:

• expanded clay concrete composites, according to the requirements of the project;
• components for kneading or adhesive composition;
• masonry mesh for reinforcement;
• heat insulator, if it is provided for by the project for insulation.

Check the base geometry by measuring the diagonals between the corners. If the distances are equal, then the contour is rectangular. The technology of masonry of expanded clay concrete blocks requires leveling the surface of the future masonry, a waterproofing device. Lay sheets of roofing material in two layers or apply bituminous mastic.

Wall masonry from expanded clay concrete blocks can be performed different ways, depending on the planned thickness, construction, insulation and wall cladding

Solution requirements

Currently, blocks of expanded clay concrete are a very common building material, which is widely used in the construction of soundproof partitions, external wall structures and buildings for various purposes. Anyone can do the laying of expanded clay concrete blocks with their own hands. Step-by-step instructions will make it easier to carry out this work.

Before you start laying expanded clay blocks, you need to carefully study the manual with detailed steps. The first and one of the most important steps- this is preparatory work. It consists in the selection of all available means, tools and materials, including:

1. Level for even masonry.
2. Construction tape.
3. Cord mooring.
4. Capacity for storing liquid formulations.
5. Kelm.
6. Joining.

Also, you cannot do without a hammer with a rubber handle, a square, an order and grinder... You will also need to purchase mesh for reinforcement. If there is no rubber hammer in your home workshop, you need to go to a construction hypermarket and purchase a tool weighing up to 1 kg. For a grinding machine, buy a circle with a diameter of 230 mm.

To strengthen the future structure, it is advisable to purchase a masonry mesh for expanded clay concrete blocks or reinforcement. For containers where the solution will be stored and stirred, you need to choose convenient and spacious containers.

The binder is an indispensable material for masonry. It is customary to use a prepared solution or glue as it. It should be noted that the consumption of such funds will be several times lower than when laying bricks, since one expanded clay block can replace 7 ceramic products.

If a solution is used, then 1 part cement sand there should be 3 parts quarry sand... The river version is not suitable for such purposes. To increase the plasticity of the mixture, it is better to use a plasticizer. Stir the mixture as often as possible to prevent unwanted settling of sand to the bottom of the container.

When using special glue, it must be borne in mind that about 40 kg of the composition will be needed per cube of the wall. The consistency is diluted with water in advance, and the masonry work is started only after careful leveling of the surface. Two roofing felt layers are laid on top of the base, which will provide maximum protection against moisture penetration. The final layer consists of mortar and a small amount of lime. Its thickness should not exceed 30 millimeters. Place the glue only from the second row.

Expanded clay blocks are characterized by a specific structure that makes them look like the children's designer... And although the material is larger in size than bricks, its weight is much less, which provides maximum convenience and the speed of masonry work. They build a wall, moving from the corner and having built the first row in advance. In this case, the internal partitions are built together with the external ones, and in order to prevent the appearance of cold bridges, the end of the structure is separated by a rectangle made of polystyrene foam. This action is carried out only for external wall structures.

After completing the laying of the first row, you need to check the evenness of the surface again. To do this, you can use the building level.

Novice builders and home craftsmen often simplify their task by looking for various step by step instructions and advice on laying expanded clay blocks. And if it comes on the installation of the second row with the help of new blocks, the solution must be smoothed out until a uniform layer is obtained. Further, the structure is poked to the edge of the adjacent block, leaving a gap of five centimeters.

A small amount of cement mortar or adhesive should appear in the area of ​​the vertical joint. To achieve this, it is enough to attach the expanded clay block in the place where it will be installed in the future. Fixation is carried out with a rubber mallet, which helps to align the structures along a horizontal line. Optimum thickness the joint is 7 mm for grout and 3 mm for glue.

If the seams are too thick, then the strength of the masonry will be compromised. Conversely, if the thickness is too small, then the block will not be securely fixed and will begin to deform over time. Before proceeding, you need to make sure that the seam is correct. In this case, it is important to have time to do this before the solution hardens.

If you use expanded clay concrete blocks, the laying of walls will become more convenient and faster than in the case of bricks. But in order for the final result to meet the initial expectations, and the wall structure to be of high quality, you need to find suitable option seam. Modern builders use these types of seams:

If you plan to plaster the wall, then the blocks are laid with a washer seam. This type is characterized by the fact that along its edges the seams are not filled by 8 mm. If we are talking about the front walls, then it is advisable to use an undercut seam.

The heat capacity is increased by stacking two rows of blocks. Also, this approach affects the thickness of the wall, making it larger. After finishing thermal insulation works the building will be protected from the most extreme frosts. The disadvantages of stacking include increased consumption of blocks and substantial costs to work.

To prevent the gradual destruction of wall structures made of expanded clay concrete blocks, they need to be additionally strengthened reinforced belt... For this, a 10 mm reinforcement or masonry mesh is taken. In this case, the rods are located in every third row, placing the reinforcement in the grooves on top of the row. After that, the solution is applied and the next row is laid. The use of longitudinal reinforcement technology guarantees maximum reliability and resistance to all kinds of influences.

You also need to remember about the bandaging of the butt and spoon rows. Openings for doors and windows are created from U-shaped concrete products. Reinforcement is taken as an additional fixator. Some builders believe that it is impossible to use reinforcing structures to strengthen walls and buildings made of expanded clay concrete, but this is an erroneous statement. Following step by step guide and given the key features of the upcoming work, it is possible to ensure high reliability and the durability of the premises.

To complete the masonry work, you can use U-shaped blocks, which are an indispensable element for arranging reinforced concrete belts. Often, such material is used to fix the Mauerlat to expanded clay concrete. Such a unit is presented in the form of a wooden bar, which is installed on the walls and provides even distribution loads from roof structure, exposure to wind and snow.

Threaded rods are installed every two meters of the upper block. They should be 6 cm higher than the cross-section of the bar. Holes are made in the structure of the bars to accommodate these pins, after which the Mauerlat is attached. It is fixed with nuts and washers.

If we are talking about building a foundation from expanded clay blocks, then for the successful implementation of the upcoming work, you need to prepare several key tools and materials. These include:

The future structure should be of the prefabricated belt type. To begin with, a small pit or trench is dug according to a previously prepared project. The dimensions of the recess should be slightly larger than the dimensions of the blocks.

Sand is placed at the bottom of the trench, which is carefully tamped. A concrete cushion is created on top, laying blocks according to the technology described above. It is better to start work from the corners, carrying out the dressing.

It is also important to take care of the holes for making engineering communications... An armored belt is created on top of the products, presented in the form of a durable layer of monolithic reinforced concrete. This material connects the upper blocks, and provides the required rigidity.

External side walls tightly closed with a waterproofing layer. If the building contains ground floor, then you also need to take care of the floor beams. At the end of the work, it remains to execute backfill grounds.

Depending on the purpose of the room, the sizes of expanded clay blocks may be different. When erecting walls, the minimum parameters must be at least 90x190x188 mm. The maximum dimensions are 390x190x188 mm. You can also use intermediate values which are equal:

• 288x139x138;
• 290x190x188.

Novice home builders are often interested in why such custom sizes... This should be done, since when using the material, it becomes necessary to leave a gap for the mortar in the masonry joint. In addition, 39 cm is the width of the masonry one and a half bricks along with the thickness of the plaster layer. In the circle of builders, the size is called twenty and looks like 20x20x40 cm.

The slab rests on a support row with reinforcement that distributes the load evenly along the entire perimeter. Using reinforced concrete slabs or beams it is better to anchor the walls with bent reinforcing bars. In this case, one side of the bent rod is fixed on the ceiling mounting loop, and the other along the expanded clay blocks. The end part of the ceilings in the outer walls is covered with a heat-insulating layer.

Anyone can work on laying expanded clay blocks. Even beginners can easily figure out the intricacies of the upcoming procedure if they carefully study the step-by-step instructions and diagrams beforehand. However, if there is no confidence in one's own strengths and capabilities, it is better to entrust the task to an experienced specialist. average cost masonry services vary from 900 to 1.6 thousand rubles per cubic meter.

Also, the type of work can affect the price, because often you have to additionally order the services of a transporter. The construction of structures and buildings from expanded clay concrete blocks has a lot of advantages, including significant savings in financial resources.

Currently, building hypermarkets offer a wide variety of solid expanded clay concrete blocks. Models with a density of 1500 kg / m3 are especially popular. The cost of one unit of the block will cost 50 rubles, while a cubic meter will cost about 3.6 thousand rubles. For this money, the client receives 20 kg of a high-quality product with frost resistance class F50.

When the density decreases to 1 thousand kg per cubic meter, the block mass decreases to 17 kilograms. At the same time, indicators of resistance to low temperatures remain the same, but the price increases to 66 rubles per unit and 4158 rubles per cubic meter. Blocks are also used for construction purposes. density 700 kg / m3... This option costs 65 rubles per piece or 4 thousand per cubic meter.

Before starting the construction of a future building or wall structure, you need not only to figure out the size and number of blocks, but also to calculate the mortar consumption for masonry work. Only after careful preparation you can go to the hypermarket and buy the required materials. In this case, the work ahead will be successful, and the costs are minimal.

You will need

• - expanded clay concrete blocks;
• - cement;
• - sand;
• - lime;
• – wooden slats;
• - level;
• –Mason's tool (trowel, pick, plumb line, etc.).

Instructions

Prepare the base for placing the blocks. If it is strip foundation, ensure the horizontal surface of its surface, eliminate local irregularities and lay waterproofing. If waterproofing is not required, limit yourself to ensuring horizontal alignment. Local irregularities will be leveled by the mortar of the first seam.

Install the laths on the corners of the walls. Their role can be played by even wooden slats, installed strictly vertically at a distance of 5-8 mm from the corners and the line outer wall... Mark the zero points on the battens corresponding to the level of the base, and mark them with a division marker corresponding to the rows of masonry. The distance between the divisions should be equal to the sum of the block height and the seam thickness (10-12 mm). Pull the cord between the divisions of the first row so that the distance from it to the outer surface of the wall is 5-8 mm.

Prepare masonry mortar... You can use both lime-cement and cement-sand mixture... However, the first one is warmer, more plastic and retains its working qualities for a longer time. The ratio of components in a cement-sand mortar can be 1: 4 or 1: 3 (cement: sand), in a lime-cement mortar - 1: 0.2: 3 or 1: 0.3: 4 (cement: lime: sand).

Moisten with water. It is convenient to do this by pouring tap water from a hose in a stack. The degree of humidity should be such that no dry spots remain on the surface of the blocks, and at the same time all the water is absorbed by the surface of the blocks.

Lay the mortar on the base in a bed, the width of which should be a few centimeters narrower than the width of the block, and the height should be about 20 mm. Apply the solution at once under several blocks, if the length of the wall is small (no more than 3 m), then on the entire wall.

Lay the first block starting at the corner of the wall. Press it into the mortar, at the same time aligning its vertical edge along the position of the rail-ordering, horizontal - along the stretched cord. The final joint thickness should be 10-12 mm. Use a trowel to pick up the mortar squeezed out of the seam.

When laying the second stone, apply the mortar to its end surface facing the previous block and lower the stone onto the wall, simultaneously pressing it against the base and the previous block. All subsequent stones of the first row are placed according to the same scheme, with their obligatory alignment along the cord.

Reinstall the cord one division higher. Start laying the second row from where the first row ends. Provide a shift of the joints (dressing the seams) of the second row relative to the first by half a block. If the wall is laid in a whole block thick, it is necessary to ensure the dressing also along the width of the wall. Those. you need to lay one row with a spoon (long side along the wall), the second - with a poke (short side along the wall). In this case, the overlap of the seams in adjacent rows (in height) should be a quarter of the block. Special attention give bandaging sutures at the corners.

They are used in the construction of external walls, soundproof partitions, filling frames in reinforced concrete housing construction, the construction of agricultural buildings and utility rooms, in the field of creating decorative elements... Expanded clay masonry is an excellent base for further finishing... It has good thermal insulation, frost resistance and is easy to process.

For work you will need:

• building level;
• rubber hammer up to 1 kg in weight;
• roulette;
• square;
• jointing;
• ordering with marks every 200 mm;
• mooring cord;
• grinding machine with a circle of 230 mm in diameter;
• a trowel with a rectangular platform;
• reinforcement or reinforced mesh;
• container for stirring the solution.

A solution or special glue can be used as a binder. When laying expanded clay concrete blocks, the consumption of mortar is much less than when laying bricks, since one block replaces 7 ceramic bricks.

If an ordinary cement slurry is made, then 1 part of the cement is mixed with 3 parts of quarry sand. River sand makes the solution too elastic. You can increase the plasticity of the mixture using a special plasticizer. To prevent the sand from settling on the bottom, the mixture must be stirred periodically.

If cement glue is used, 1 cubic meter. m is consumed about 40 kg of dry mix. It is diluted with water according to the instructions.

Before starting laying, the surface is leveled. For a waterproofing device, two layers of roofing material are laid on the base. A layer of mortar with the addition of lime is placed on top of the insulation, no more than 30 mm. The adhesive can only be applied from the second row.

Do-it-yourself masonry

Laying expanded clay concrete blocks is somewhat similar to how children assemble a LEGO-type construction set. Since the size of the blocks is much larger than that of bricks, and the weight is significantly less, the laying process does not take much time and effort.

How to properly lay expanded clay blocks

The construction of the wall starts from the corner. First, the first row is completely built. In this case, the internal partitions are made simultaneously with the external ones. So that at the end of the block included in outer wall, there were no cold bridges, it is separated by a foam rectangle 50 mm thick. After completing the first row, you need to make sure with a level that the surface is flat.

How to lay corners from expanded clay blocks, the video will tell:

The block stacking technology is as follows:

• using a new block, the solution is smoothed out to get an even layer;
• the block is poked to the edge of the adjacent block, leaving a gap of 5 cm;
• the block is applied to the place on which it should lie, so that a little glue or cement mortar is formed in the vertical seam;
• the block is fixed with a rubber mallet.

The seam thickness should not be more than 6-7 mm. If special glue is added to the mortar, a joint thickness of about 3 mm is allowed. If seams are too thick, the masonry will lose its strength. At the same time, if the mortar layer is too thin, the blocks will not be fastened securely enough.

The correct seam must be done before the mortar hardens.

There are such types of seams:

• undercut;
• wasted;
• embroidered convex;
• embroidered concave.

If the wall is subsequently plastered, the blocks are laid "in a washer". This means that at the edges the seams are not filled by 5-8 mm. If the wall is front, the seams are usually made "undercut", completely filling them.

In addition, to increase the heat capacity of a building, blocks can be stacked in two rows. Thanks to this, the thickness of the wall increases, and after the house is insulated from the outside, it will not be afraid of any frosts. The only drawback of this installation is the increased consumption of blocks and the total cost of work.

In the video - do-it-yourself wall masonry from expanded clay concrete blocks

Reinforcement of masonry

To prevent the walls from collapsing under the weight of the roof, you need to fill in the armopoyas. Reinforcement is done using reinforcement about 10 mm in diameter or reinforced (masonry) mesh. It should be done every 2-3 rows. The mesh or reinforcement is placed on the top row in the grooves, the solution is applied on top and the next row of blocks is made.

Longitudinal reinforcement makes it possible to increase the safety of the structure to the required level. Do not forget about the need to bandage the spoon and butt rows. Window and door openings are reinforced with U-shaped blocks of concrete and reinforcement.

Mounting the Mauerlat to the blocks

Wall masonry is completed with U-shaped blocks, which are used to create a reinforced concrete belt. This belt is used to attach the Mauerlat to expanded clay concrete. Mauerlat - wooden bar, which is attached to the walls to evenly distribute the load from the roof material, snow and wind.

In the upper blocks, threaded rods are installed every 1.6-2 m. Their height should exceed the cross-section of the bar by 4-6 cm. Holes for the studs are made in the bars and the Mauerlat is attached, pulling it to the walls with nuts and washers.

Wall insulation and decoration

It is necessary to insulate the wall right after laying. For this purpose, sheathing with siding or oilcloth is used. Another option is to embed insulation material between the blocks during the construction process.

Expanded clay concrete masonry does not provide sufficient ventilation. Its arrangement should be taken care of in advance.

You can decorate the walls of expanded clay concrete using a variety of materials. They lend themselves well to plastering, facing with bricks or tiles. Since the blocks have correct shape, there is no need to level them with plaster.

To reduce heat loss, a ventilated façade can be made. From the inside, the surface can be finished "dry" or "wet", what exactly to plaster the walls of expanded clay blocks - you need to decide depending on the purpose of the building and your financial capabilities.

Block stacking methods

How to do this or that masonry depends on the type of material. For example, if masonry is made from insulated blocks, there is no need to carry out additional thermal insulation. These blocks usually have a decorative side to facilitate the finishing process.

Laying blocks of expanded clay concrete can be carried out in different ways. The choice of a specific method is determined by the thickness of the walls, the purpose of the room and the material that is used for decoration.

• When building a warehouse, garage or other utility room. The wall is laid with the thickness of the block width (approx. 200 mm). From the inside, the wall is plastered, and the outside is insulated with a layer mineral wool, expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam 100 mm in thickness.
• When building a bathhouse or other small structure. The wall is erected with the thickness of the width of the block, the binding of the blocks is done. Finishing from the inside and outside is carried out in the same way as in the first version, but the insulation layer is about 50 mm.
• During the construction of a country cottage. The walls are made with block binding, with voids between them. Masonry thickness - 600 mm. Insulation is placed in the voids, and the wall is plastered from the inside.
• When constructing buildings in areas with cold climates. To make the outer wall, two thin partitions are made parallel to each other. They are connected using reinforcement. The gap between the partitions is filled insulation material... Both sides of the wall are plastered. This option is the most difficult, but it has the highest level of thermal protection.

Advantages of making masonry from expanded clay blocks

How much does the expanded clay block masonry cost?

Standard wall blocks have parameters 390 * 190 * 188 mm, blocks for the device of partitions - 390 * 190 * 90 mm.

For masonry 1 cub. m walls are used 65 standard blocks. Consumption of materials for 1 cubic meter m. masonry is 0.075 cubic meters. m, including:

• cement - about 15 kg;
• sand - about 45 kg;
• water - 10-15 liters.

To calculate the number of blocks per masonry, you can use online calculators building materials.

The average cost of masonry from expanded clay blocks is about 2300 rubles. for 1 cubic meter m. To build a wall of a similar area of ​​bricks, you will have to spend from 5 to 6 thousand rubles. Laying foam concrete will also cost a little more - about 2700 rubles. for 1 cubic meter m.

Thus, expanded clay concrete is a material that is affordable and easy to install. Among its advantages are low concrete consumption, low weight (blocks are two times lighter than bricks), ease of installation (one block is equal in area to seven bricks). It is easy to store and transport. Therefore, it is becoming more common.