Ventilation of the steam room from the rest room. Do-it-yourself ventilation installation in the sauna - norms, device, diagrams and videos

The full and durable functioning of a bath of any type and size depends not only on the competent construction of the building, its decoration and installation of the stove, but also on the organization of the ventilation system. Further, in the material with the attached photos and videos, we will talk about the types and principles of construction of the hood in various premises baths, built with their own hands.

How is the ventilation in the bath

The circulation of air in the bath, as well as in any other room, occurs according to the laws of physics, so circuit diagram hoods are pretty simple.

For its arrangement, it is necessary to make two types of holes:

supply;
output.

Fresh air enters the premises from the street through the supply channels. As a rule, when designing a ventilation system inside the bath, such holes are provided almost at the very floor near the stove. This is done in order to cold air quickly heated from the stove and the overall temperature inside the bath did not decrease.

In order for carbon monoxide accumulated indoors and superheated wet air could be taken out of the room, exhaust holes are intended. They are placed slightly below the ceiling level opposite the supply channels so that the air can be freely updated and not stagnate inside the bath.

However, it is not worth making a hole for the hood in the ceiling itself, because in this case the bath will cool very quickly.

We can say that the layout of the inlet and outlet vents in itself is not very difficult. Much more worries are the need for timely and effective removal clusters carbon monoxide in the steam room and at the same time maintaining the temperature at high values necessary for a comfortable stay in the steam room.

In addition, you need to think about how to make ventilation in the dressing room, shower room and rest room so that it is pleasant and not cold to be in them during a respite after the steam room. So you should work out the ventilation scheme in the dressing room of the bath in advance if you plan to perform construction works on one's own.

Air exchange device methods

Air circulation in the bath can be done in two ways:

spontaneously;
forcibly.

When deciding how to make ventilation in the dressing room with your own hands, you need to take into account the size of the room itself and its functional features.

natural ventilation

The natural movement of air is achieved due to the difference in temperature and pressure inside the building and outside. When arranging such ventilation in the dressing room of the bath, you need to correctly place the supply and exhaust windows. It is optimal if cold air enters from below, through a passage arranged 25-35 cm from the floor in close proximity to the stove. The outflow of exhaust hot air will be carried out through the hood 15-20 cm from the ceiling.

It is worth noting that often this type of air exchange is not suitable for steam rooms, since cold air stagnates and accumulates near the floor, and the hottest one near the ceiling. It is quite difficult to create optimal air circulation in this room. naturally, although if you try hard and correctly arrange all the elements of the ventilation system, nothing is impossible.

Forced extraction

You can make the air currents inside the steam room in a Finnish or Russian bath move with the help of mechanisms.

There are two types of systems forced ventilation:

Electronically. Such a system controls the air temperature, its humidity, and in automatic mode regulates its supply and cleaning. However, the installation of such complex technological installations can be quite expensive and not fit into the budget.
Combined method arranging the hood assumes that, along with the installation of openings for the supply and exhaust of air, special fans are installed. They will force the air masses to move, while creating a feeling of natural air exchange.

How the type of bath building affects the type of ventilation system

Natural ventilation is best done in log cabins for a Russian bath, if during its arrangement all technological requirements, and air ducts are installed in the right places.

If the building is for a bath - frame type, then it is usually quite tight. Therefore, in order to ensure the best air flow into the steam room and proper ventilation, it is advisable to install a blower fan in the supply window.

Brick buildings are completely incapable of breathing and do not let air through. In such a bath, the hood in the dressing room, steam room and rest room can only be forced.

Features and subtleties of hood design

When starting to design a ventilation system in the dressing room and other rooms of the bath, you should consider all the subtleties and features of the placement of its individual elements.

Therefore, it is necessary to decide how to make a hood in the dressing room, steam room and rest room at the planning stage of building a bath.

The passages themselves, through which air flows from the street will enter the steam room, dressing room, shower room and rest room, and the exhaust air and accumulations of carbon monoxide and steam will go outside, will need to be completed during the construction of the bath frame. And here additional elements in the form of grilles, valves to control the intensity of the air supply, as well as fans and other mechanisms, are already installed in the process final finishing baths from the inside.

The following parameters affect how efficiently the ventilation system in the bath will work:

the principle of placement of air duct windows;
the dimensions of the supply and exhaust openings, which are calculated based on the volume of the room in which they are located, and it does not matter whether it is a shower room, a rest room, a dressing room or a steam room.

Calculation of window sizes for ventilation

It is necessary to calculate the size of the windows for blowing and blowing air, based on the size of a particular bath room, that is, for a steam room, a rest room, a washing room or a dressing room, these indicators will be different. At the same time, it is equally important to provide for the possibility of adjusting the size of such a window and, accordingly, the power of air flows, by installing special grilles and valves.

Note that if the ventilation ducts are made too large, it will be quite difficult to maintain the temperature in the room at an optimal level, which in parallel entails unnecessary costs of electricity or fuel. Yes, and adjusting the gap in the duct, which you need to open the valve, will be quite difficult.

When constructing ventilation in the dressing room of the bath with your own hands, you should start from the calculated value of the blowing window of 24 cm 2 per 1 cubic meter of the room. But the blow hole should be made larger to ensure good traction.

It is worth remembering that too much carbon monoxide and humid exhaust air, dangerous to human life, can accumulate in the room if the size of the hood windows is not enough for the full circulation of air flows.

The principle of placement of holes for the hood

The replacement of air in the room occurs due to the gradual rise of the heated air masses up to the ceiling in the direction of the exhaust opening, bringing them outside and the supply of a similar volume of cold fresh heavy air from the street through the supply window.

It is desirable that the direction of the warm air flows coming from the furnace side can be controlled. Therefore, it is advisable to place two holes for blowing in the steam room at once. With the help of valves, it is possible to create a directed heat flow on them, leaving one or another gap in the air ducts.

Organization of the ventilation system in the Russian bath

How effectively a do-it-yourself hood in the dressing room, steam room and washing room in the Russian bath will function depends on the quality and literacy of the project development.

It is very important that the change in air temperature when moving from the steam room to the washing room and dressing room be gradual. In addition, it is equally important that the air near the floor and at head level does not differ too much in temperature.

The number of passages for the inflow and outflow of air, their size and location in the room directly affect the intensity and uniformity of the circulation of air masses inside the building. AND optional equipment greatly simplifies this process.

Schemes for arranging a hood for a bath

The main task of ventilation in the rest room of the bath, as well as in the dressing room and steam room, is to ensure constant air renewal, maintain a constant temperature and humidity, and also remove carbon monoxide to the outside. Since all bath rooms are constantly in contact with high temperatures and humidity, they need to be dried regularly.

However, just ventilate the steam room and dry wooden elements- not enough. In order for the wood not to accumulate moisture, a constant, stably operating hood must be organized in the bath. Then it will last much longer and keep hygiene and cleanliness.

Ventilated floor system

To improve air circulation in the steam room, you can equip a ventilated floor.

To organize such a structure, a number of conditions will need to be met:

air holes must be provided in the foundation of the bath;
in the boardwalk, you need to leave gaps of 1 cm, sufficient for the passage of air;
supply channels are located in parallel walls, having previously protected them with gratings;
finish coating lay out above the level of the blower of the furnace so that it performs the function of an additional hood;
at the end of the bath procedures in the bath, all doors are left open until the floor is completely dry.

Air exchange in the dressing room

Both the dressing room and the relaxation room are not exposed to the aggressive effects of high temperature and humidity. Therefore, ventilation and air exchange in these rooms is the easiest to do. Here the method of natural ventilation is used, or arrangement additional fans in the exhaust openings connected to the air ducts in the bathroom, vestibule or steam room.

If desired, you can install electronic ventilators. However, they require an electrical connection and direct access to the street.

Extractor in the shower room

Typically, a shower room requires a motorized forced ventilation system to remove accumulated steam and moisture. In this case, the dimensions of the inlet and outlet holes are made the same. The supply channel originates at a level of 2 m above the ground, and the output channel ends above the roof.

Steam room ventilation system

One of the main requirements for the ventilation system in the steam room is the absence of drafts. At the same time, the room should heat up quickly, and the humidity level should be kept at the level necessary for bathing procedures. In this regard, the principle of the location of supply and exhaust openings laid during construction is considered optimal.

The intensity of air flow can be adjusted using valves. However, big size the room requires the installation of additional fans for intake or exhaust.

Ventilation in the dressing room is a guarantee of healthy rest. The quality of the microclimate in the bath depends on how correctly this type of work is performed. It is impossible to get a healthy spirit and pleasure from relaxing in a room with a musty smell of dampness and mold, so it is important to study all the features of air exchange beforehand.

Scheme of the air exchange device in the dressing room

The construction of a bath is not complete without a set of basic premises: a steam room, a washing room, a dressing room, a relaxation room. It is this set that helps to get a good rest and enjoy it. In order to save space, the dressing room is often used as a dressing room, a rest room. Since the maximum time vacationers will be in this room, the microclimate in it must meet the following requirements:

According to the listed list, a direct dependence of the microclimate on heating and ventilation is visible.

Technical requirements for air exchange in the dressing room

When building a bath with your own hands, you can later encounter increased humidity, which, ultimately, will lead to the appearance of rot, mold, and premature destruction of the building. The cause of such troubles may be illiterate arrangement of ventilation, lack or improper insulation of walls, floors, ceilings.

Air exchange calculation table in different rooms baths

Before the stage of engineering work in the dressing room, a number of features should be taken into account:

There are three types of ventilation used for a bath:

Forced. It is carried out with the help of electric fans;
Natural. Based on the laws of physics, where the force of the wind plays a role and Atmosphere pressure. The principle of the movement of air masses: warm air rises, chilled falls to the floor;
Combined. A combination of the two previous types. Such a complex will provide an optimal microclimate in the entire structure in a short time.

Arrangement of ventilation in the dressing room

Being engaged in the construction of a bath, it should be understood that this is not only a steam room, but also a number of other premises. In general - a complex. Therefore, a single ventilation scheme is laid at the time of design. For this, a number of points should be taken into account:

Depending on the location of the rest room, the hood can be mounted on the wall behind which it is located. Forced ventilation is often used to improve the efficiency of air movement.

When doing work on laying ventilation ducts with your own hands, do not forget about their heat and.

An integrated approach to the problem of condensate

By purchasing finished bath, you may encounter the problem of condensation in the dressing room. If the audit of the ventilation system on site showed that everything is normal, you should look at the quality of the "pies" of the walls, floor, ceiling.

Drawing of the placement of ventilation holes in the dressing room

Possible drafts and additional sources moisture, cold from the outside create problems inside the building. As a result, this method of solving the problem with condensate, how to make ventilation in the dressing room, will not help. It will take a whole range of work to eliminate this shortcoming.

Floor insulation

Perfect option floor covering- tile. It seals all drafts from the underground space, and also prevents the penetration of moisture. For greater comfort, a warm floor system can be laid under it, but this will increase the cost of finishing and operation. Therefore, most often equip wooden coverings. The correct floor must be mounted in the following steps:

Often, part of the heating and ventilation ducts are laid in the underground space. With this scheme, communications are insulated and waterproofed.

Ceiling insulation

Perhaps this is the weakest point in the dressing room. It is on him that the effect of steam is most negatively affected.

Scheme of ceiling insulation in the dressing room

The warmer the ceiling, the less condensation will accumulate on it. The ideal filler option is expanded clay, which will replace both insulation and vapor barrier. But this is not always technically possible.

That's why false ceiling most popular:

Guide bars are stuffed, a vapor barrier is laid;
A heater is laid between the wooden profiles (mineral wool is recommended), sewn up with a reflector (foil film). The seams between the canvases are glued with metallic tape.

An important point is ventilation gap between the insulation and the finishing lining of the ceiling.

Wall insulation

It is carried out according to the same principle as the ceiling lining. For assumed . And inside the arrangement of waterproofing.

Scheme of wall insulation in the dressing room and waterproofing devices

One more important point to save heat and optimize ventilation - these are doors. Size entrance group 1800 * 800 is recommended for the dressing room.

In this case, it is necessary to insulate the box. The door to the steam room is made smaller than the entrance. Thus, heat losses in both rooms are reduced.

Heating

The sharp difference between the steam room and the dressing room is the main reason for the appearance of condensate. That's why experienced craftsmen striving to create the best temperature regime in every room. To do this, the heater stove is used as a heat source.

There are several options:

Which method to choose is determined individually.

Is ventilation necessary in a sauna? After all, precious heat is removed outside along with the air flow. This is the speculation of an ignorant person.

In fact, it is difficult to breathe hot air, it becomes a little easier if the air is dry. But in indoors saunas, an abundance of moisture is released by sweating people. If you take a bath broom in your hands, then the humidity rises instantly and significantly. It is simply impossible to breathe, and you can’t even call such a wellness procedure. First of all, the heart and blood vessels suffer, so ventilation is needed in every sauna to regulate humidity and supply oxygen.

Most often, a shower room and a rest room are adjacent to the steam room. These sauna rooms need ventilation. At high humidity it is difficult to breathe, it is impossible to dry and wipe off. In the absence of air exchange, the walls of the room will eventually become covered with mold, bad smell. wooden structures rot, instead of 20 years, the sauna will last four times less.

The fact that the ventilation is not in order is indicated by a musty atmosphere and condensation on the walls or ceiling. Read on to learn how to properly ventilate any sauna.

Basic rules for arranging ventilation in the sauna

Maintaining a high temperature and the presence of clean air. Here are the main requirements for the operation of ventilation in the sauna. In just 1 hour the air in small room must seamlessly exchange at least 4 times, so ventilation system in the sauna are created according to special rules. Portions fresh air must be mixed with hot room air. The slightest errors in calculations or installation threaten with “draughts” or stuffiness. We will talk about the most effective and frequently used schemes, show how ventilation is done in the sauna with our own hands.

The ventilation device in the sauna can be mechanical, natural or combined. The first option for ventilating a sauna in a cottage is quite expensive, so forced outflow of exhaust air is more popular. Fresh air from the outside is drawn into the sauna when the pressure drops due to the operation of the exhaust fan.

The combined ventilation scheme in the sauna is good because it does not require cross-position of exhaust grilles, and this necessary condition for work natural ventilation in sauna. The video highlights the process of placing vents in convenient places. The system must ensure thorough mixing of cold and hot air streams. Otherwise, the temperature difference in the room will be too noticeable.

The laws of the ventilation device in saunas:

Diameter exhaust pipe should be no less than the diameter of the supply, this is the norm;
The pipe sections are selected in proportion to the volume: 1 cubic meter of the room accounts for 24 centimeters of the cross-sectional area;
It is forbidden to install outflow and inflow strictly opposite each other;
Sauna vents are equipped with vent valves that allow you to reduce or increase the air flow.

Neglect of any of the rules will lead to a violation of the movement of air flows and inefficient operation of the system. How to make ventilation in the sauna with your own hands correctly?

Natural sauna ventilation

Natural ventilation of the sauna room is provided by the pressure difference between the outdoors and indoors. The advantage of this scheme is the low cost of installation and the absence of operating costs. Such ventilation in the sauna can be equipped with your own hands.

Natural ventilation can be achieved through:

aeration;
wind pressure.

The principle of aeration is the penetration of air from the street through the vents in the lower part of the room. Rising up, it “squeezes out” the hot masses through the duct. This good way ventilation for very hot saunas with plenty of steam. In such conditions, air exchange occurs quite intensively. Schemes and photographs of ventilation in the sauna clearly demonstrate the process of movement of cold and hot air masses.

Wind pressure is possible only in log buildings. The air pressure in the room is provided by strong gusts of wind, which create a rarefaction of air on the leeward side. Through the gaps between the logs, air exits on one side and enters on the other.

It is impossible to regulate the intensity of ventilation in such a room: when strong winds there may be a draft, sufficient temperature is not maintained. A photo-scheme of natural ventilation in the sauna is attached.

Mechanical ventilation in the sauna

Mechanical, it is also forced ventilation in the sauna is installed when there is no way to organize a natural inflow or blowout. Equipment for forced ventilation of the sauna is quite complex and expensive: fans, air filters, heaters, coolers.

Forced air outflow

At compulsory system ventilation of the sauna, exhaust air is blown out by exhaust fans. The air is filtered before being released to the outside.

There is an urgent need for forced air evacuation in saunas with large pools, public institutions that receive many visitors, and washing rooms.

The system removes gases, steam, odors, providing visitors with clean and fresh air.

Forced air supply

The inflow with mechanical ventilation of a wooden sauna is carried out forcibly. In some cases, it is not possible to provide a natural supply of fresh air from outside. Then use supply system. It is quite complex and contains a noise-canceling mechanism, a supply chamber, check valves, diffusers and distribution grilles.

As a rule, before supplying the air is heated and filtered.

Simple and effective sauna combined ventilation schemes

The diagrams we have given clearly explain how to properly ventilate the sauna with your own hands.

Scheme No. 1

The supply opening is equipped directly behind the firebox 0.2 m above the floor. The exhaust is planned on the wall opposite, at the same height. Air from the street passes through a hot stove, rushes up to the ceiling. As the temperature decreases, the airflow descends and reaches the exhaust vent.

With such a ventilation device in any sauna, heat and excellent heating.

Scheme No. 2

This ventilation is good for a sauna in a cottage, when only one wall of the room goes outside.

And blowing and inflow are on outer wall right in front of the stove. At a height of 0.2 m from the floor, the supply air, 0.2 m from the ceiling - exhaust with a built-in fan.

A stream of cold air crashes into the hottest part of the stove, makes a cycle around the room and exits through the hood to the outside.

Scheme No. 3

Provides gentle heating of the room. The air inlet is equipped behind the firebox at a level of 0.5 meters from the floor. A hood with a fan on the wall opposite - 0.2 m from the floor.

Air masses move in a circle: heated up from the stove, rose, fell and hit the exhaust fan. The air movement in this scheme is not so intense, so the temperature in the room is uniform, gradual, uniform heating is guaranteed.

It is possible to combine forced ventilation in a wood-burning sauna with natural outflow. Supply air creates an increased pressure in the room, accelerating the removal of exhaust through ventilation grates. The air flow is controlled by means of the sauna vents. It is quite possible to construct such a sauna ventilation system with your own hands, having some building skills.

Sauna ventilation scheme, taking into account utility rooms and calculations

This scheme takes into account not only the steam room, but also the washing department and the rest room. Below we provide an explanatory video of ventilation in the sauna.

steam room - equipped with natural ventilation;
washing - mechanical hood;
rest room - natural inflow and blowing;
utility room - a mechanical hood, triggered by a light switch.

Calculation of air exchange and diameter of air ducts in the sauna

Make ventilation in the sauna "like a neighbor" will not work. Required accurate calculations. At the design stage of forced ventilation, air exchange is determined. This is the volume of air that must be replaced in a given room in 1 hour.

Air exchange = Oh x K,

where O- volume of air in the room, To- air exchange rate.

The air exchange rate is a value determined for each type of premises:

steam room – 5;
shower room – 50;
restroom – 3;
massage – 5.

The calculated figure is rounded up to 0 or 5 after the decimal point.

A balance must be maintained between the value of inflow and blowout. Therefore, when, according to the calculations, the inflow is greater, the extraction rate also increases.

Given the obtained values, the diameters of the air channels are calculated.

The cross-sectional shape of the ducts depends on the design and type of ventilation, but round ducts are easier to install. The knees are connected to each other with connecting fittings for the sauna. Ventilation valves are purchased at any large building supermarket along with all the necessary consumables.

When choosing the power of fans, be sure to leave a supply of air exchange. The total power of the supply fans should actually be 6-10% less than the power of the exhaust fans. This ensures the complete "pulling" of the used air from the room.

The difference in performance is compensated by the natural inflow through the gaps in the walls and doors.

The role of the stove in sauna ventilation

Specialized equipment ensures optimal ventilation parameters in the sauna. Allows you to set the desired temperature and humidity, power supply and heating. However, you cannot install such ventilation in the sauna with your own hands, and high-tech equipment is very expensive. Therefore, most owners use traditional ways that have worked well for more than a century.

And with such technologies, air flow is provided by the stove. Most often, the firebox is equipped in the steam room itself or in an adjacent room. In the second case, heating is carried out by a furnace tunnel. As a rule, metal fireboxes are installed in saunas, which are lined with stone or brick. Facing, you should leave gaps that provide a small flow of air. The gap between the brick and the stove is up to 1 cm. The front surface of the firebox is lined with brick in three rows.

Air flow in the sauna

The air supply to the furnace is provided by a special air duct located under the floor. The outlet is made as close to the firebox as possible. The box for the ventilation duct is equipped with a diameter of 1/5 more than the cross section of the chimney. The air supply must be directly from the street so that it is really fresh, without additional basement smells.

You can assemble such ventilation in the sauna with your own hands. A box with access to the street is installed along the plinth. The inner section is closed with a grate, and the outer one with a mesh so that insects or rodents do not get into it.

When the firebox enters the steam room, one channel should be equipped for inflow, the other for convection. Many hide the bottom box under the podium on the floor. The stove is installed on it, a metal sheet is preliminarily placed to prevent fire. The furnace is faced with brick, after which a screen with two doors for convection is erected. Through them, heat spreads from the furnace around the room, and fresh air also penetrates.

Ensuring the outflow of air in the sauna

The outflow of air is carried out by an exhaust ventilation duct located diagonally relative to the supply air. This design ensures excellent ventilation of the steam room. If the wall of the stove cladding opens into an adjacent room, it is necessary to equip a convection door here as well.

The outlet of the outlet channel is equipped 20 - 25 cm from the floor. Next, the pipe goes up to the ceiling and is brought out. It is best to use plastic ventilation pipes. For beauty, they are covered from above with boxes of wooden lining. The most commonly used boxes with a diameter of 125 square meters. cm.

The lower doors do not close during heating. Through the upper warm air will be drawn out, partially falling back into the furnace and warming up again. This phenomenon is referred to as kiln run-up. Having achieved intense combustion, the lower doors are closed, while the upper ones are left open.

Bath ventilation is important when arranging a steam room, however, in order for it to function as it should, the layout of the air duct and other engineering channels must be well thought out. It is also required to select reliable equipment from dehumidifiers and heating to humidifiers and thermostats.

Having decided to mount the ventilation of the bath, you can try to understand how to do it yourself, but it is much better to turn to professionals who need the device exhaust system and the structure of other communications is well known. At the same time, it is not necessary to consider predominantly expensive high-tech options - it is enough to confine ourselves to basic solutions.

Speaking about how to properly design the ventilation of the bath, you must immediately take into account that the natural influx of fresh air is necessary not only for a comfortable stay, but also to maintain the combustion process, and this, as you know, largely depends on the access of oxygen. Especially for the furnace, it is recommended to lay ventilation duct with withdrawal through steel sheet designed to protect the floor from fire in case of hot coals from the firebox. The box should be wider than the chimney, about a quarter.

Forced ventilation of the bath

Ventilation equipment is installed, due to which forced injection of fresh air occurs with its subsequent heating; in such ventilation of the bath, complete control over air exchange is ensured. In the channels through which the air moves, fans are mounted that direct the flows in the right direction. As a result, there is always enough oxygen in the steam room.

Ventilation of a bath with a furnace firebox
from the rest room

Ventilation in washing bath should be created taking into account high humidity. The hole through which the exhaust air leaves must be warm enough, otherwise ice may form at its end from the side of the street in winter. It is extremely difficult to design a good steam room on your own, as this requires experience. It is better to turn to professionals for this purpose. The RusPar company has been designing bathhouses for a long time and is ready to fulfill orders of any level of complexity. We will hand over a turnkey steam room strictly within a predetermined period.

Ventilation of a bath with a firebox
stoves in the steam room

Do you need ventilation in a log cabin?

It is very difficult to answer this question. On the one hand, the air in such a room freely penetrates through lower crowns walls, on the other hand, this may not be enough for proper ventilation. Moreover, often modern designs baths are markedly different from classic projects, that's why ventilation holes must be present in them. But what should be the ventilation of the bath, what standards should be taken into account when designing it, especially when you take on the construction with your own hands?

If a stove-heater is installed, then the peculiarity of its blower should be taken into account: air is just flowing through it. In addition, floor ventilation is being installed, all the necessary communications are laid through the ducts in the bathhouse, fans are attached in certain places, which will turn on if necessary to speed up air exchange. It is important that the room is guaranteed to be free of drafts and condensation does not form.

What should be the organization of bath ventilation if the floor is monolithic?

The need to organize normal air exchange in rooms of such a specific purpose is obvious to everyone. Since the reader wants to deal with the device, typical schemes and features of the installation of the ventilation system in the sauna, he knows a priori that its absence negatively affects the effectiveness of the procedures and reduces the life of all structural elements about 3.5 - 4 times.

How to do all the work on installing ventilation in the sauna with your own hands, and technically competently, is the topic of this article.

Norms and requirements for the ventilation scheme in the sauna

The key to success is not only in the meaningful implementation of technological operations at each stage of its installation. The master needs to have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bwhat should happen in the end, whether he can do everything with his own hands, how much time it will take and how much the ventilation system will cost.

Primary requirements

Constant supply of air (fresh) from the outside.
The invariability of the temperature in the premises, including high - in the steam room.

The ventilation systems in the bath and sauna are similar in many respects, but there is also a fundamental difference. It lies in the method of heating the air. For a sauna it is dry. Therefore, blind copying of circuits without taking into account the peculiarities of their work is a meaningless exercise.

Norms and rules for the device of the ventilation system

In the sauna, almost all rooms have modest dimensions. For rooms with small size you need to focus on such a ventilation schemeso that it provides air renewal approximately every quarter of an hour, at least. For a sauna, this is considered the limiting norm.
During the design and installation process, it is necessary to think over and eliminate all risks of drafts or, conversely, zones with stagnant air.

Typical diagrams of the ventilation system

Mechanical

It is considered the most effective, but also the most expensive. You will need valves, filters, diffusers, a noise suppression device and a number of other circuit elements. An example is shown in the figure:

Natural

For a do-it-yourself device - the easiest ventilation option.

But this applies only to the installation process, since high-quality air exchange can only be ensured with accurate engineering calculations. In addition, there are quite a few disadvantages of such a scheme. For example, dependence on the direction and strength of the wind.

Supply and exhaust

From the point of view of "efficiency + final cost of installation + do-it-yourself" - the best engineering solution.

With the organization of ventilation according to this scheme, we will understand in more detail.

Does it make sense to install ventilation in each room according to the same scheme? If for a steam room supply and exhaust - best option, then for a waiting room, a rest room (taking into account costs) it is quite enough to organize natural air exchange.

The device and principle of operation of the circuit

If the reader understands the principle of functioning of ventilation in the sauna, then the author's task is completed. Any owner will cope with the installation of the system with their own hands, without involving specialists. Next will be given general recommendations on drawing up the scheme and technology of work.

Supply openings

In relation to the steam room, they must be mounted at the bottom of the walls and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe stove. Why? Firstly, the cold air coming from the street will heat up faster. Secondly, such a feature of the scheme excludes it from entering the zone where a person takes the procedure.

If between the floor covering and door leaf during the installation of the box, leave a small gap (about 50 mm), this will further increase the efficiency of air exchange between the rooms.

Hood

The intake opening of the air outlet channel, regardless of the chosen scheme, is always arranged strictly opposite the supply one, that is, on the opposite wall of the room. Depending on its specifics, there may be two such “receivers” (in the steam room - it is mandatory). The first is at least 100 cm from the level of the floor covering, the second is to remove air from the sauna outside - under the ceiling. Both are connected with a box. To eliminate the influence of the wind rose and altitude fan pipe, a fan should be installed in the hood.

The peculiarity of the scheme is that in both channels - inflow and outlet - it is necessary to install adjustable dampers. They are also called shutters, gates. It is with the help of such devices that the necessary microclimate is maintained in any of the premises.

The appearance of condensate on surfaces, stale air in rooms are clear signs of improper installation or malfunctioning of the system.

How does the ventilation scheme in the steam room work?

Airing

All shutters and doors are fully open, the fan is on. 5-10 minutes are enough, and the air in the sauna is completely renewed.

Warming up

The doors and dampers of the exhaust duct are closed, while the supply duct remains open. This achieves rapid heating of the room to the required temperature with a minimum fuel consumption for the stove.

Taking procedures in the sauna

The hood damper opens slightly, but only at the bottom hole. What does it give? The circulation of flows begins, while the heated air remains in the ceiling area. Therefore, the temperature in the steam room is kept constant. And at the same time, air renewal does not stop. As a result of the operation of the scheme - the most favorable microclimate with significant fuel savings, that is, full compliance with the requirements of paragraph 1.1.

Common mistakes with do-it-yourself ventilation

Installation of only one hole for the removal of air from the sauna, albeit with a damper, under the ceiling. Such a drawback of the circuit is fraught with the fact that the heated air will be quickly removed to the outside. Consequently, the process of regulating its temperature in the steam room will become more complicated and fuel consumption will increase sharply.
The location of all openings (supply, exhaust) at the same height from the floor. It is difficult to judge the effectiveness of the scheme (although the air exchange will be minimal), but the fact that the draft is provided is unequivocal.
The cross section of the exhaust channel is smaller than the inflow. Air exchange in the sauna will be difficult. How to choose the optimal parameter for any ventilation scheme? Recommended ratio: for 1 m3 of the room - 24 cm2 of the air duct section.

The scheme described above is the most convenient for do-it-yourself execution, and its effectiveness in the sauna has been confirmed by practice. Dear reader, there can be no doubt that, taking into account all the features of her device, she will work effectively. Good luck with your design.