How to grow a tangerine from a seed. Video (vaccination)

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It would seem to grow Exotic fruits it's never easy. But modern flower growers know that the main thing is knowledge of basic agricultural techniques. Everything else is the skills acquired during the cultivation of certain plants. The same is true for indoor tangerine. You can grow it from ordinary seeds. But in order to home tree as soon as it began to develop, you will need to master a rather important technique. This is a tangerine inoculation at home.

Indoor tangerine is a well-fruiting plant. But it will take a long time to wait until the seeds not only hatch out of the seeds, but also get stronger, reach the sizes that are optimal for the fruit set. After about 6-8 years, the tangerine tree will begin to bear fruit without grafting. Why wait if this process can be accelerated? To do this, it is imperative to master the technique of plant grafting. With a competent approach to this procedure, the tree will begin to bear fruit within 2-4 years after planting.

In order for the tangerine tree grafting to be effective, it is necessary to start it not earlier than April - May. During this period, the plant comes to life, and sap flow is activated. Interestingly, the bark at this time is easily separated from the wood, and this will greatly facilitate the process. A tangerine grafted in spring will get stronger much faster.

What is needed

How to plant mandarin at home? First, you need to carefully prepare for this process: acquire useful tools, for example. In order for the grafting to be successful and without unnecessary worries, you will need to use an budding knife, a scion (that is, a branch from an already developed and well-bearing plant) and a stock (a seedling that was obtained by growing a tangerine from seeds), a garden var, and insulating tape. Consider one more important point: it is not recommended to vaccinate if your home plant not even two years old.

Step-by-step instruction

It is imperative to inoculate a tangerine, and experienced florists understand this very well. But the lesson you have to do is quite painstaking, so the result will be the higher the deeper you delve into the key rules. First of all, mark the height on the seedling (6-7 cm from the ground). Then you will need to thoroughly clean it of any dirt. When the seedling is prepared, there is no dirt and dust on it, you can proceed to direct grafting.

First, make a small cut, which will resemble the letter T in shape. Be careful not to touch the wood, so as not to damage the plant itself. Once the cut is made, lightly press down on the bark with the tip of the knife to create a small hole inside. Place the stock there. After that, cover it tightly, brush generously with garden varnish and then wrap everything on top with insulating tape. When all the stages of mandarin grafting are completed, you can only wait for the results and continue to care for the indoor plant.

How to understand if it turned out to be grafted

You can determine whether the homemade mandarin vaccination was effective after 2-3 weeks. In the event that you notice that the cutting has turned black or dried out altogether, it means that the procedure was not successful. Consider your possible mistakes and then try again. If the stalk turns yellow, this is a good sign. It is recommended to loosen the bandage somewhat, and after a while it can be removed altogether. Watch the cutting a little more to monitor the process of its development. Having done everything necessary competently, you will soon appreciate the long-awaited result, and grown indoor tangerine from the seed will bear fruit much earlier.

The seed tangerine can be grown at home, and the plant will be quite fertile thanks to the grafting you have done. To do this, you need to follow the basic rules and provide full care for the grafted seedling at the end of the procedure.

For example, when a young shoot begins to grow from a grafted bud, it is recommended to cut the trunk obliquely. Be sure to lubricate the cut with garden pitch. If desired, the shoot can be tied up so that the crown will form correctly in the future. Follow the basic guidelines for growing tangerines and your grafting will work. The main advantage of this procedure lies in the fact that you will be able to harvest ripe fruits much earlier than if you had done without inoculating a room tangerine. Take care of your home tangerines, vaccinate according to the rules.

Despite the fact that tangerine is a rather whimsical citrus crop, subject to temperature and light conditions, it can be grown at home.

To date, there is a lot of information on how to grow a homemade tangerine, however, growing decorative tree and the tree that bears the edible fruit happens in different ways. In the first case, citrus can be grown from the seed, in the second, the grafting method should be used.

Fresh seeds are suitable for germinating seedlings. Before planting, the bones are wrapped in damp gauze and kept in this state for 5 days, periodically wetting the gauze. After the seeds have hatched, they are planted in a small pot with light, nutritious soil. You can buy a special citrus potting mix at the store or make your own.

How to plant a homemade tangerine

To get a fruit-bearing mandarin from the seed High Quality and to accelerate the onset of fruiting, seedlings grown from seeds are grafted onto cuttings of a fruiting tree. The following is the most common way to plant a homemade mandarin. The grafting is carried out during the period of sap flow, when the bark easily leaves the wood. Before carrying out this work, you should prepare the stock, scion, budding knife, electrical tape, garden var. A seedling 1-3 years old, or, is used as a stock. It should be noted that orange seedlings are more resistant to drought and give good growth, but at the same time it is quite difficult to plant tangerine on an orange. The graft (stalk) is cut from a 1-2-year-old branch of a fruiting cultivated plant just before vaccination. 2-4 buds should remain on the handle. The thorns and leaves are removed, the leaf petioles are left next to the buds. On the rootstock at a height of 10 cm from the soil, an incision is made in the form of the letter "T", where the width of the horizontal strip is 1 cm, the vertical one - 2.5 cm. A bud with a small layer of wood is carefully cut from the scion and carefully inserted into the incision. This place is then treated with garden varnish and wrapped with tape. The grafted plant is placed under a glass jar or polyethylene to create a greenhouse effect.

With a successful inoculation, the petioles will soon turn yellow and fall off, if unsuccessful, they will turn black, dry up and continue to firmly hold on to the branch. After the first bud blooms on the rootstock and a new shoot is formed, the branch is cut 3 mm above the bud, the cut is treated with garden varnish.

Caring for decorative home and indoor tangerines: how to care

A grafted indoor tangerine needs regular care, which includes spraying the crown, timely watering, fertilizing, and periodic replanting.

The amount of water for irrigation and their frequency depend on the size of the tree, the size of the container and the air temperature in the room where the citrus is grown. How larger leaves mandarin, the more moisture evaporates from their surface, the more often the tree needs watering. Watering is recommended in the morning. V winter period when the plant is dormant, the amount and amount of watering is reduced. The condition of the earthen coma is monitored: it should not be excessively wet or too dry. At an air temperature of 12-15 ° C, watering is carried out once a week with a small amount of water.

In addition to watering, this culture needs daily spraying of the crown. Dry air and intense heat negatively affect the condition of the leaves and the tree as a whole, causing various diseases and appearance. In the heat, it is useful to bathe a tree under a shower with water. room temperature.

How to grow a homemade mandarin

When caring for homemade tangerines, it is necessary to make additional groundbait with mineral and organic fertilizers, since the soil when frequent watering quickly depleted, as it is washed out nutrients... Top dressing can be done with dry or soluble fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers for mandarin must necessarily contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, contributing to the full development and fruiting of citrus. dissolved in settled water at room temperature, after which the plant is watered, and when their concentration is weak, the leaves are sprayed. The number of dressings is increased in early spring(up to 2 times a week) during the development of vegetative and generative buds. Dry fertilizers are applied to the soil, where they gradually dissolve.

As organic fertilizers, infused cow dung... Mineral and useful to alternate.

To grow a tangerine at home with lush beautiful crown you need to pinch the tops of its branches. Dwarf varieties do not need formative pruning, it is only necessary to periodically remove stretched and dried branches and leaves.

Knowing how to properly care for decorative tangerine and applying this knowledge in practice, you can get about 40-60 fruits from one adult plant annually.

Everyone who has seen homemade tangerines from friends dream that they also have zither at home. mustache tree with fragrant flowers. Many are stopped by the fear that they will not have the strength and knowledge to properly care for such an exotic pet.

Indeed, some citrus indoor plants require specific growing conditions, but not tangerine, caring for it is quite simple: it is unpretentious and hardy to live on ordinary windowsills of Russian apartments.

Grow a tangerine from a seedling purchased in flower shop, everyone can, since this is already a grafted fruit-bearing tree.

If you cannot afford to allocate money from the home budget to buy a plant, then you can grow a tangerine at home on your own. To do this, you need to have only a few seeds taken from ordinary fruits.

Homemade citrus fruits: decorative mandarin

Several years will pass, and you will be full of pride from a slender tree with very beautiful shiny leaves. The citrus scent will spread throughout the apartment, which will add extra coziness and comfort to your home.

The tangerine tree is from the spherical root family, the leaves are evergreen, change every four years, the flowers are white, smelling good.

This citrus tree propagates by seeds or vegetatively. More often than not, many homes have an indoor tangerine grown from seeds. But this is only decorative indoor plant, which improves the interior of the apartment, but does not bear fruit at all, or has very small inedible fruits.

On farms, citrus fruits are always obtained by grafting in order to obtain tasty fruits... You will have to do a similar operation if you decide to feast on juicy vitamins. If you just want to try your hand at growing citrus plants on your own, then you can do it one hundred percent.

Make room for them on the south side if you have poisonous plants then they are not best neighbors for indoor citrus fruits, move them to another windowsill.

How to grow a tangerine at home from an ordinary seed

Soaking the seeds

Everyone who has come across the cultivation of seedlings from seeds knows that they must swell. We take a few tangerine seeds and soak them in gauze for several days. There should not be too much water, let the fabric be slightly damp, and you will simply add water as needed.

If in your plans to have only one home tangerine, still let there be 10-15 seeds: not all will germinate, some will die from diseases, and someone will die a "death of the brave" when you try to plant the plant yourself for the first time.

There is no desire to deal with gauze - a hydrogel sold in specialized stores will help you. Professionals involved in landscape design, ordinary amateur gardeners use it whenever possible, as it is a wonderful protection of plants from heat.

Hydrogel is akin to drip irrigation, but in our case it will not be added to the soil, but will serve instead of gauze, as it retains moisture perfectly. The bones must be kept in the middle of the gel so that they do not dry out.

Landing in the ground

The hatched seeds are transplanted into a pot or a regular seedling box. Some do not wait for the bones to swell, but immediately plant them in the ground. The sprout appears a little later, but it does not look at all worse than that that grew from soaked seed.

What soil is required to get a tangerine at home? Peat must not be used: it is often sour, quick-drying, and does not have any special nutritional properties. It is found in almost all mixtures sold in stores, so you will have to prepare the soil for growing citrus fruits yourself:

• sod land - 3 parts;
• sheet land - 1 part;
• rotted cow dung - 1 part;
• sand - 1 part;
• a small amount of clay.

For townspeople, such manipulations are unrealistic, so try to buy a neutral, nutritious soil "Rose" or "Biohumus". According to reviews on the Internet, it is well suited for citrus cultivation. As a last resort, you can take ordinary soil and mix with a small amount of ash, superphosphate and organic fertilizer.

Do not forget to put expanded clay or pebbles for drainage at the bottom of the pot. When will the first leaves appear? Citrus houses begin to grow vigorously within three weeks of planting.

Indoor citrus: care, nutrition, protection

As soon as the first sprouts appear, they should be fed every two weeks with mineral and organic fertilizers.

It's great that there are special fertilizers on sale for caring for citrus plants... First, the tree is watered, and then fertilization occurs.

Such a houseplant should be transplanted in the spring of every year, trying to maintain the integrity of the soil around the roots. When the tangerine tree at home reaches eight years old, then the transplant is done in a year.

Mandarin loves the sun, a window on the south side - perfect place for him, but so that in winter the temperature does not drop below 14 degrees. Indoor tangerine should be sprayed every week, high humidity it is vital for him, so let there always be dishes with water next to the pot.

Watering the tangerine tree in the summer should be very abundant several times a day, in winter - up to three times a week as the soil dries up with water at room temperature. Active feeding of citrus fruits occurs from April to September, from which the fruits will grow sweeter.

Many young indoor citrus fruits die from pests that are practically invisible to people: red spider mite, citrus whitefly, scale insects.

If you look closely, you can see that the plant is entwined with the smallest cobweb, destructive for it. Check the seedlings regularly to spot problems early on.

There are preparations "Aktellik", "Fitoverm", designed to thoroughly wash all the sheets from above and below with their solution. Proceed according to the attached instructions, spraying is not effective, therefore only rinsing, which is repeated several times a week later.

How to grow a fruiting tangerine

A tangerine from a stone in nature begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years. This will be the so-called wild, which has tasteless fruits. Tangerine grafting is an acceleration of fruiting, getting mouth-watering fruits. It is done during the period of sap flow: April, early May, August. In other months, success is not possible; good results also depend on quick, careful action during grafting in a clean environment.

What should be prepared for grafting a tangerine tree:

• the stock is your seed-grown plant with a trunk no thinner than 6 mm (like a pencil approximately);
• scion - fresh stalk or peephole, taken from a fruiting citrus fruit, from a branch not older than two years;
• garden pitch;
• elastic tape;
• budding grafting knife.

On the stem of the stock at a height of 10 cm, a T-shaped incision is made: horizontal - 1 cm, vertical - 2-4 cm. The graft is prepared: thorns and leaf blades are removed. The bud with a small layer of wood is carefully cut and inserted into the incision. The place of "operation" is carefully wrapped with tape. After grafting, the plant is placed under a jar or plastic bag to create the necessary humidity and microclimate.

Only after a month it will become clear whether budding has turned out or not. Let there be several experimental samples, since it will no longer be possible to redo it - the period of sap flow has passed. It is best to start experiments in the spring, if there is no success, repeat at the end of summer.

As you can see that the bud has sprouted - the sprout is accustomed to the air outside the jar. Airing is gradually increased, the winding is removed. A month later, when the new shoot is already growing well: the stem of the stock is carefully cut with a knife obliquely higher by 3 mm from the base of the shoot and covered with garden pitch. A stick is installed in a pot to teach a tangerine tree at home to grow vertically. That's all! Good luck, do not forget to water, fertilize and spray your citrus tree.

It is not difficult to vaccinate a tangerine grown from a bone at home. The main thing is to observe sanitary and agrotechnical rules so that the plant does not get sick. The grafted mandarins bloom profusely and for a long time, bearing sweet and large fruits.

When to plant mandarin

Vaccination is needed for tangerines planted from the bone. If you bought an already strengthened tree in a specialized store, the procedure will not be needed.

Gardeners who have long grown citrus seeds from the seed know when and how to plant tangerine at home so that it actively bears fruit. The optimal months for the procedure are:

• March;
• April;
• August.

You can plant mandarin in March, April, May and August.

In spring, the plant wakes up, active movement of juices begins inside the shoots, in August the plant is as strong and strong as possible. During these months, the mandarin will successfully undergo vaccination.

In autumn and winter, the plant is dormant. Vaccination during this period will not work, you can harm the tree.

The main methods of vaccination

As a scion it is necessary to use a cutting with 2-3 buds from a fruit-bearing mandarin tree. The procedure is recommended to be carried out immediately on 2-3 seedlings, because not all grafts take root successfully.

The grafting procedure is carried out on grown mandarin seedlings. The rootstock shoot thickness should be 5–7 mm. Usually biennial trees are used.

Vaccination of mandarin at home is carried out in the following ways:

• splitting (the easiest way, suitable for novice gardeners);
• for the bark;
• eyes (budding).

For the procedure to be successful, all manipulations must be carried out quickly and clearly. It is important to make even and neat cuts, to make sure that the bark of the cuttings and the tree is in close contact with each other. Before carrying out agrotechnical work, hands and all tools must be washed with soap and water.

Before planting a tangerine, you need to prepare a sharp knife, electrical tape and garden var. To prepare the var, take in a ratio of 4: 2: 1 rosin, beeswax and animal fat (pork or beef). The components are boiled for 30 minutes, the mixture is allowed to cool, and then kneaded into a homogeneous mass.

Grafting into cleft

Any beginner will be able to inoculate a mandarin into cleavage. You must follow the sequence of actions:

1. Cut a branch into the rootstock, split the stump to a depth of 5 cm.
2. Make 2 oblique cuts 3-4 cm long on the handle; a wedge should form.
3. Insert the wedge into the cut (split) on the rootstock so that the slices fit snugly against each other on one side.
4. Wrap the vaccination site with insulating tape, the kidney should remain free.

Grafting for the bark

It is not difficult to plant a tangerine for the bark so that it bears fruit. On the rootstock, you need to cut a branch, make a 3 cm long incision in the bark on it. Move the edges of the bark and place the scion with an oblique cut inside so that the cambium of the scion and the rootstock are in contact.

On thick branches, 2-3 cuttings can be grafted, at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. The attached scion must be wrapped with electrical tape. After the procedure, the tree is also placed in a greenhouse and periodically ventilated.

Budding

Mandarin inoculation with eyes, or budding is the most effective method... The work is carried out in the following order:

1. Wipe the bottom of the rootstock trunk (10–12 cm from the soil surface) with damp gauze to remove a layer of earth dust.
2. From the scion cuttings, carefully cut off the peephole - a section of the bark with a bud.
3. On the bark of the stock with a disinfected knife, make an incision in the bark in the shape of a T with a vertical strip of 1 cm, and a horizontal strip - 2.5 cm.
4. Move the wood to the rootstock with a knife blade, insert a peephole inside, press with bark.
5. Lubricate the slices with pitch, wrap with tape so that the kidney remains open.
6. Place the seedling in a greenhouse for two weeks and ventilate every day.

If the vaccination is successful, then after 10 days the grafted eye will turn yellow. The electrical tape can be loosened, and after a week completely removed. When the bud germinates, the mandarin trunk must be shortened with an oblique cut at a distance of 6–9 cm from the scion.

If the peephole is not engrafted, it will begin to blacken or rot. It is necessary to remove the plant from the greenhouse, unwind the tape, remove the scion, process the bark cut with garden pitch.

Caring for a grafted tree

The grafted mandarin needs to be provided proper care so that it bears fruit abundantly in 2-3 years. The tree should grow in a warm, evenly lit room with an air humidity of more than 50%.

Proper care of your vaccinated mandarin includes the following:

1. Watering. In summer, the plant is watered 2-3 times a week, in winter - once a week. Use only settled or filtered water. For the prevention of diseases, once every 2 months, the plant is watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Spraying. In summer, mandarin is sprayed with water from a spray bottle every 2 days, in winter - once every 2 weeks.
3. Top dressing. Specialized organic fertilizers for citrus trees they are applied in spring and summer, 2-3 times a month.
4. Transfer. Young plants (up to 4 years old) are transplanted every year, adults - every 2 years. The transplant is carried out in the spring.
5. Pruning. Unnecessary and damaged branches are pruned so that the tangerine will bear fruit better. The trunk is periodically shortened. Pruning is also done to form a beautiful crown.

In winter, plants need to be provided with rest. Otherwise, you should not expect a lot of fruits from him. In addition to reducing the intensity of watering and fertilizing, the temperature in the room is reduced to 15 ° C.