Drills manual earthworks by hands. Making a hand drill at home

Digging holes under the poles with a shovel with your own hands is a laborious and long process. This may take more than one day if a decision is made to build a fence. The way out of this difficult situation is to do everything with the help of a garden drill. The device is simple, does not require the use of an energy carrier, that is, it is a purely manual tool. It is easy to work with him, no big efforts. As practice shows, in 15 minutes you can dig a hole in the ground with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of one meter. That is, in just a couple of hours, you can completely prepare places for installing poles.

Today manufacturers garden tool offer a fairly wide range of hand drills. They cost differently, but if the work they do is one-time, then maybe it’s worth making it yourself. How difficult is this creative process? Basically, for any home master who is friends with simple metalwork tools and can handle electric welding, this task is quite feasible. Let's look at how you can make a garden manual drill from improvised materials.

Necessary materials and tools

What materials will be required for this:

• Pipe metal with a diameter of 20-25 mm.
• Strip 3-5 mm thick.
• A metal sheet 3-4 mm or a disk from a circular saw, you can use a cutter.
• Bolts with M6 nuts, if a drill with removable knives is to be manufactured.

Tools:

• Welding machine complete with electrodes;
• Hammer;
• Hacksaw or grinder;
• Roulette.

Attention! Pay attention to the inner diameter of the cutter, it should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe by approximately 5-7 mm.

Manufacturing process

First of all, the length of the hand drill for the poles is determined. Approximately, you can take it within 1.5 m. Therefore, a piece of this size is cut off from the pipe. Pruning is done by a grinder.

Very important element- This is the tip of the drill. It acts as a guide element. But if you approach the issue of ease of drilling soil (especially hard), then it is worth making a small drill from the tip. Therefore, the element itself is best made from a metal strip 5 mm thick. How to do it right.

• A piece 10 cm long is cut off from a strip 5 mm thick and 20 mm wide.
• One of its ends is sharpened under a cone. This can be done with a grinder by putting an emery disc on it.
• The other end is turned on both sides so that it can easily enter the pipe. Turning length - 5 cm.
• The tip is inserted into the pipe and scalded by electric welding from all sides.
• You can change the design of the tip (improve) by making a small drill out of it. To do this, you will have to heat the device and give it the shape of a screw, something in the form of a corkscrew.

It is the corkscrew design that will help increase the ability of the element to bite into hard ground. Here it is important to accurately establish the direction of twisting. It must match the angle of inclination of the main knives of the drill. Usually, the tool is rotated clockwise, which means that the sharp edge should be located on the right side.

There is another option, how to make a drill tip with your own hands. To do this, you will have to cut the end of the pipe in the longitudinal direction to a depth of 3-5 cm. This is done by a grinder. There should be four or five cuts, between which the same distance (or approximately the same) is left. Now, with hammer blows, it is necessary to fit the edges of the cuts to the center of the pipe diameter. After that, the joints of the cutting strips are scalded with electrodes, and the end of the fixture is sharpened with a grinder.

Now you can proceed to the installation of the main knives. They can be made by hand from different cutting tools. The cutters and discs from the circular were listed above. Basically, this list is longer. If cutting discs were not found, then knives can be made from sheet steel with a thickness of 3-4 mm. A circle of the required diameter is simply cut out of the sheet, by the way, this can be done with a grinder and electric welding. Then a hole is made in it with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe. And after that, the steel circle is cut into two even halves.

You can first cut the circle in half, and already on the two halves cut semicircles under the pipe. It is important here to finish the process by sanding all raw edges. The outer edges of the half-discs are sharpened to a certain sharpness. After that, both knives are welded to the pipe. There are a couple of recommendations here:

• The distance from the point of welding of the tip to the place of installation of the knives is 10-15 cm.
• The knives themselves are installed one above the other, the distance between them is 5 cm, the angle of inclination of the installation is approximately 20 °.
• The discs must be welded in such a way that their working edge is directed downwards, that is, when drilling, the drill should easily cut into the ground.

It remains only to weld a small piece of pipe perpendicular to the drill pipe. This will be the pen. Its length is 50 cm, but here everyone chooses for themselves. So that the effort of human hands does not disrupt the welding between two pipes, it is necessary to weld scarves cut from a metal sheet on both sides.

You can modify the design of the drill, or rather, improve it. Sometimes it becomes necessary to dig holes for poles longer than 1.5 m. Therefore, it is recommended to add a couple of additional pipes to the tool, which will increase the length of the tool itself. How to make these elements.

• First: you need to modify the handle of the drill, making it removable. Therefore, it is not welded tightly, but made in the form of the letter "T". In this case, the pipe section that will be inserted into the drill barrel must be smaller than the diameter of the barrel. And at the same time, the handle should enter the barrel freely, but not so much as to reduce the strength characteristics of the tool itself.
• Second: in the barrel of the handle, you need to make two through holes located perpendicular to each other. The distance between them is 5-6 cm.
• Thirdly: exactly the same holes with a diameter of 7 mm must be made on the drill barrel at the handle entry point. It turns out that both elements will be connected with two M6 bolts.
• Fourthly: several pipes are prepared with a length of 1.5 m, corresponding to the diameter of the handle shaft, in which all the same holes are drilled from both ends. Locations, as on the barrel of the handle.

To extend the manual drill two or three times, it is necessary to unscrew the fixing bolts, remove the handle, insert the pipe into the pipe, fix them with bolts, install the handle on the free end of the elongated drill, attaching it with two bolts.

As for the diameter of the holes for the poles, it can also be changed if the knives are made removable. To do this, at the place of installation of the knives, it is necessary to weld two shelves cut from a strip 5 mm thick. You can make a shelf in the form of a circle with an internal hole for the tool pipe. A circle with a diameter of 8-10 cm is cut out of a sheet of iron, a hole is made in it for a pipe, and this element is installed and welded to the trunk. In it, you must first make four through holes, two on each side. Removable knives will be attached to them.

Attention! Removable knives are fastened with M6 bolts. The bolts must be installed with the thread up towards the handle. They simply in this position will not interfere with the process of drilling the soil.

You can increase the efficiency of the drill if you install between the knives and the tip additional element. This is, in fact, a flat cutter that will loosen the soil before inserting the knives and center the drill itself. A small addition will make it possible to increase the speed of drilling, especially in hard ground, and in places where there are a large number of plant roots in the ground.

It is not difficult to make such a flat cutter with your own hands. This will require a plate 4-5 mm thick and 30 mm wide. Two pieces 80 mm long are cut out of it. They are welded opposite each other to the barrel of the drill. The right edge of the additional knives is sharpened. So that heavy loads do not break the flat cutter, you can add two metal scarves to their mount.

In principle, this is how you can make a manual drill for digging holes for poles with your own hands. Let's face it, but the manufacture of this tool will not take very much time, two hours, no more.

An earth drill is a device for drilling holes in the ground. Those who start country construction often need such a thing as earth drill, which you can buy, or you can do it yourself.

Such a tool is usually used to install various supports, as well as racks for structures and a fence. Pits, holes, holes in a summer cottage are needed in the most different places. Therefore, a hand drill is simply vital in conditions garden work. With this versatile tool, you can make holes for planting, and it is also much easier to arrange drainage systems and wells.

Earth drill - is it worth the candle?

If on a garden and suburban area are used, mainly, only quality tools, for example, a hand drill, then almost any hole can be made in just a couple of minutes. It is worth saying that factory-made hand drills may not meet the requirements required at a particular construction site. It may have a small immersion depth, it may have limitations associated with an insufficient diameter of the knife attachments.

Those industrial hand drills that are commercially available may have a different configuration. For example, to be a completely integral structure, while having only a certain length. They can also be completely or partially disassembled and at the same time have extension rods in the set, and, of course, have various nozzles.

As for the nozzles, here you also need to know that they can be different: two-bladed or with a screw shape, while resembling a worm. In order for the design of the drill to serve long enough and properly, the knives are usually made of steel alloys with very high strength, and to facilitate drilling they are made with cutters on the sides.

Parts of the drill, which are designed to drill, may consist of several tiers. Usually, a manual earthen drill starts with blades with a smaller diameter, and then goes to an increase.

An earthen hand drill in construction is a very useful tool that, depending on the type of work, can be transformed:

• function of increasing the length of the rod;
• the possibility of changing nozzles;
• function of changing handles from small and short sizes to maximum long and large diameters.

It is worth saying that, depending on the configuration in the minimum version (with three nozzles and a short stem), as well as in the maximum versions, the price of industrial drills can vary significantly, upwards.

It is for this reason that it is worth thinking about how to make an earthen drill with your own hands. This can significantly save the budget, and if it is made correctly, then additionally win in functionality.

How to make a drill - the process of selecting tools and parts

There should be no difficulties in making such a simple tool as a homemade earthen drill. The main thing here is to choose the right accessories.

Required tools:

• welding machine;
• an electric drill, which should have a rich set of drills for metal surfaces;
• it will also not be superfluous to have an abrasive wheel, most likely, some elements will have to be machined using a machine tool;
• additionally, you may need different plumbing equipment.

For the manufacture of the rod, you can use fittings or a pipe, which will be at least two meters long. And in order to understand what diameter the pipe should have, you can take an old drill (about thirteen millimeters) and try it on the pipe. The diameter of the rod or pipe must be less than 15 mm.

Hand drill for earthworks - assembly in stages

Many tips from experienced professionals in this matter indicate that it is best to weld all the elements for reliability.

• First you need to weld a horizontal handle, completely perpendicular to the stem itself, and sharpen the end on the opposite side. The old drill needs to be welded to inside pipes.

• The most important point in the manufacture of the drill should be that the rod must enter the ground well, thereby helping the upper (auger) part.

• You can use a disk to create knives circular saw, which is cut into two halves, and then welded at an angle of approximately 120 degrees. Just remember that the edges of the disk are jagged, so they need to be ground off.

• In order to minimize the effort earthworks ah, you can weld a few more disks to the stem, then the drill will enter the ground “like clockwork”.

• If you need to lengthen the stem, you can come up with a bushing system, as well as think about other threaded connections.

There is nothing better than making a tool with your own hands. And most importantly, when implementing an idea, you can safely experiment, increasing the functionality and other features of your tool.

If in your country house there is no water supply, and there are no water supply networks nearby, then the only option is to drill a well or build a well. If the depth of the aquifers is very large, and the soil is too hard, then you cannot do without a team of drillers with equipment. But with a shallow location of water layers and relatively soft soil, you can cope on your own. To make a shallow well in soft ground, you can use homemade drill. In this case, the maximum depth of the well cannot exceed 20 m. There are several types of drills. We will look at how to make them yourself. A detailed video self-drilling instructions will help you better understand the process.

Not always for small water supply country house or cottages, the construction of an expensive artesian well is justified. For the seasonal water supply of a small private house or cottage, it will be quite enough to make a shallow well for sand or a well.

Among the main conditions manual drilling can be listed:

• occurrence ground water at a shallow depth (up to 20 m);
• the composition of the soil should not contain rocks, that is, a hand drill can only cope with sandy and clay soils.

To make a drill for a well with your own hands, you must have at least some experience in plumbing work. Using drawings and photos from the network, you can make three types of homemade drills yourself.

For self-fulfillment wells or searching for water for a well, two types of drilling are suitable:

• shock-rope;
• rotational.

The first type of work is convenient because it does not require the use of complex special devices. It is enough to make a simple drilling rig from improvised materials. Moreover, you can drill a well alone without the involvement of assistants.

The essence of the percussion drilling method is as follows:

1. To make a well, a heavy pipe with a pointed end is dropped into it from a considerable height. It is tied with a rope to the frame.
2. Under the weight of the pipe, part of the soil is separated and gets inside the device.
3. Then the drill is again taken to the surface and again dropped into the well from a height.
4. During drilling, the wellbore gradually deepens, and the soil accumulates in the percussion device.
5. After making several blows, the pipe must be pulled to the surface with a winch and cleaned of accumulated soil. To do this, the product is pulled away from the well and cleaned by blows of a heavy hammer.
6. Drilling a well in this way continues until they reach the aquifer upon reaching the desired depth.

Rotary drilling involves the use of a drill that cuts into the ground and lifts the rock up during its rotation. To drill in this way, you need two people. They should stand on the sides of the drill rod and turn it with metal pipe or scrap.

This method of drilling allows you to quickly make a well without the use of special equipment. To work, you only need a drill of the required diameter, rods to increase the length as you go deeper into the ground, pipes or crowbars for a wrench.

For rotary drilling, one of two types of drill is usually used: spiral, spoon. How to make them, we will consider in our article further. And how to drill a well with a hand drill, you can learn from the video at the end of the article.

Making an impact drill

We will describe how to make a percussion drill for a well and build a simple drilling rig. To do this, you should follow our instructions:

1. First you need to make a tripod over the drilling site. Usually a structure with a height of 2-3 meters is sufficient.
2. At its top we fix the rope block.
3. To lift the drill, we will use a winch on an electric drive or with manual control. We attach it to one of the tripod supports.
4. To make a manual impact drill, you will need a thick-walled pipe. In this case, its diameter should be equal to the width of the wellbore.
5. The upper end of the pipe is welded with a thick strip of metal. In this case, in the center of this plug, it is necessary to make a hole equal to the thickness of the rope used for hanging the pipe.
6. The lower edge of the pipe is sharpened. In this case, you can simply sharpen the pipe wall, or you can make gear cutting. To increase the strength of the impact part of the structure, it is better to harden the sharpening in a muffle furnace.
7. To make it easier to remove the soil accumulated during the drilling process from the device, its upper part is provided with radial holes or slots.

Tip: if you have the opportunity to install a powerful winch, then the pipe can be additionally weighted to increase drilling efficiency. To do this, removable steel weights are installed on its upper part.

Making a spiral (screw) drill

The second name of the spiral drill is auger. Such a do-it-yourself drill for a well is made from a pipe with thick walls, which acts as a vertical rod, carbide cutting tool in its lower part and spiral turns from the bottom along the rod. For the manufacture of coils, hardened steel is used.

To drill a well, you need to rotate the fixture. In this case, the cutting edge will cut through the rock, and the hardened steel coils will begin to push the soil up. Thus, the extruded soil will create additional pressure in the direction of drilling. Thus, during operation, the rock will accumulate between the turns. To increase the efficiency of drilling, it is necessary to periodically remove their wells and clean the coils from the accumulated soil.

The simplest version of such a drill is a disk one. Before you make a drill for a well, you need to prepare the necessary materials:

• a pipe with thick walls;
• steel disc 0.4-0.6 cm thick (the diameter of the disc must be equal to the required width of the well).

We carry out work on the manufacture of a disk drill in the following order:

1. The lower part of the prepared pipe must be sharpened. Sometimes a sharpened tip is welded in instead. It is better to make it from hardened steel.
2. The steel disc is sawn into two halves. Outer side halves are sharpened evenly or jagged sharp cutting is made.
3. Both halves of the metal disc are welded to the vertical bar. In this case, it is necessary to deviate from the sharpened tip by 12.5 cm. Two parts of the disk are welded with different parties. In this case, with respect to the longitudinal axis, they should be located at an angle of 70 degrees. As a result, the angle between the halves of the disk will be 40 degrees. It is better if you consider the design of the spiral drill in the photo on the net. So you will be clearer.
4. A threaded sleeve is made at the upper end of the rod. It will allow you to increase the length of the rod as the well is drilled.

Tip: for the manufacture of an auger, you can take not an ordinary steel disk, but a disk cut into two parts from a circular saw. The main thing is to choose its diameter correctly so that it matches the required width of the well.

A more difficult option for doing it yourself is a screw drill. It is made from strips of steel that are heated and twisted. Moreover, the pitch of adjacent turns should be equal to the width of the blade.

Making a spoon drill

The drill spoon is ideal for working in soft rocks. In this case, loosening of the soil occurs not only in the lower, but also in the lateral parts of the device. The selected soil accumulates inside the cylindrical body. When you drill a well with such a device, you will need to periodically remove it and clean it of the accumulated rock.

The drill spoon is made of a pipe with thick walls. Moreover, its diameter is selected according to the width of the well. In addition, for the manufacture you will need a welding machine and a set of locksmith tools. We work on the manufacture of the drill in the following order:

1. Make a longitudinal cut in the pipe. The drawing shows very clearly how the hole should be located.
2. Further, with the help of a crowbar and a heavy hammer, the desired profile (spoon) is attached to the pipe.
3. The lower and side edges of the pipe are sharpened.
4. A drill is welded to the lower part of the structure along the central axis. It should be thick enough with a diameter of at least 1.8-3.6 cm.
5. A rod is welded to the upper end of the pipe. At the same time, its axis should be shifted to the side relative to the axis of the pipe by 1-1.5 cm.
6. All cutting edges of the drill are recommended to be hardened.

Tip: the dimensions of the longitudinal cut in the pipe are selected depending on the composition of the soil. The drier and looser the soil, the smaller size cutout.

If you need a very long drill rod, then you can do it in several ways:

• A good option is to use threaded couplings to connect the rods. So, inside each pipe segment, a thread is made corresponding to the diameter of the pipes. Then a threaded coupling of the required length is made. To protect against spontaneous separation of the elements, a cotter pin is made.
• For small pipe diameters, a bolt and nut welded to the ends of the sections can be used. However, this method is not very reliable due to the fragility of the welded joint.
• The simplest and effective method- cutting a coupling from a piece of pipe with a larger diameter than the dimensions of the rod. The sleeve is then welded to the end of one section, and the other section is loosely inserted into the sleeve and secured with a transversely inserted bolt and nut.

Making a one-piece drill pipe that is too long complicates the job. It is better to make a detachable connection. To do this, it is enough to use sections with a length of 100-120 cm. So it will be easy for you to choose the required length of the drill pipe and increase it as the work progresses.

• For easier drilling hand tools you can use a bailer. It allows you to facilitate the process of lifting the soil to the surface, since the rock is collected in a special container.
• If a hand drill cannot be raised to the surface, you can build a lever on a hill from barrels or logs. Thus, the drilling process will not only be facilitated, but also accelerated, because the volume of soil raised to the top can be increased.
• To reduce the labor intensity of work and speed up the drilling process, special devices can be used to twist the drill.
• Homemade drills can be useful to you even after the construction of the well. For example, with their help, you can dig a foundation for fence posts, make pile foundations, plant plants.

You can learn how to drill a well manually from the proposed video:

A hand drill is required for construction when repair work. In addition, it is often used when working in the garden or in the garden. With the help of this item, it is very convenient and quick to dig deep and narrow holes that are needed for planting trees or for mounting supports in the process of pouring the foundation. In addition, the drill cannot be replaced by any other tool when drilling wells. Few people know that you can make a hand drill for poles yourself, while saving a significant amount of money. All it takes to make this indispensable tool is detailed instructions describing how to make a drill, the presence necessary materials, tools and of course patience.

With a hand drill, it is convenient to dig narrow holes for poles or plant trees.

It should be noted that the use of a hand drill is not intended for soil with stone impurities. The soil should have a clay or loam base. In this case, the drill, as a rule, is made of high quality materials. In this case, the period of its operation can be unlimited.

Materials and tools

Before starting work, you need to make sure that you have all the materials and tools available. It will be much more convenient to work if everything you need is at hand.
In order to do, you need to have:

• welding machine;
• welding clamps;
• grinders with a cutting disc for iron;
• electric drills;
• pairs of gas keys;
• dies, the diameter of which must match the diameter of the rod;
• die holder;
• vise.

Materials for the manufacture of a drill: a disk from a grinder, a drill, pipes.

As practice shows, the use in this case of simple cutting inserts with a sufficiently large diameter is unable to give the desired effect. A hand drill made from such material will take your time and effort in the process of drilling earthen holes. In order to avoid such a result, professionals recommend supplementing such a tool with two shortened pre-rippers. In this case, a hand-made hand drill will turn out to be much more efficient, and it will take much less time to work with it.

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Device

The hand drill consists of such elements as:

1. Pen.
2. Insert.
3. Cutting attachment.
4. Coupling.
5. Bolt with nut.
6. Cutting plates.
7. Guide rod.
8. Blade.

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Production of pre-rippers

As for the worm version of the tool, it is quite difficult to make it yourself. With this in mind, it is possible to replace the stepped auger with two welded pre-rippers having an increasing diameter of the cutting material. In this case, the soil resistance is evenly distributed over the steps, and the amount of effort applied for one revolution of the drilling device around its axis is noticeably reduced.

The purpose of the first pre-ripper is to crush dense soil, then cut a wider radius of the pit and feed the already loosened soil to the surface of the disc ripper.

The disc ripper performs the function of forming the walls of the hole, as well as pushing part of the soil up. In one such process, the depth of a dug well can reach 40-50 cm. In the case of a large load, it will be quite difficult to work with a hand drill.

A good material for the manufacture of pre-rippers can be an automobile spring, the thickness of which is at least 5 mm.

To sharpen the cutting edge of such a ripper, a certain angle must be observed. This element should be butt welded to the main rod, after which you can proceed to welding the next section of the rod. The next step to it (butt) is to attach the second element of the pre-ripper. In conclusion, it remains to weld the sharp part of the rod. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the ratio of all segments, since otherwise play may occur.

As for the disk, the function of which is to form the walls of the hole, it is recommended to use a machined circular saw designed for woodworking. Its thickness must be at least 3 mm. The disk is cut into two equal parts, after which its cut edges need to be sharpened. The next step is to weld the resulting pair of elements onto the main rod, while maintaining the same angle. In this way, you will be able to avoid the displacement of forces, due to which dug holes can turn out to be curves.

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Threading

At the opposite end of the rod, it is necessary to cut a thread onto which the coupling will subsequently be screwed. For this purpose, you will need a vise and a special die. Clamp the rod (end up) in a powerful vise, while maintaining a right angle. In this case, it is recommended to monitor the protrusion of the rod, which should not exceed 10 cm. Otherwise, absolutely undesirable shock absorption may occur at the moment when the die is subjected to pressure. Using a file, grind the end so that you get a cone. This will ensure that the die sits correctly and evenly on the bar. After that, you can start cutting work.

There is nothing difficult in the process of threading. The die holder rotates slowly clockwise. If a die is stuck during operation, twist it and sharpen the interfering burr. After that, screw the die back onto the finished part of the thread and continue cutting to the planned mark. The thread is considered the most optimal, the length of which is 10 cm.

The next step is to screw the sleeve onto the thread, which is welded onto the main rod in the area of ​​the butt joint. On this, you can safely assume that you have coped with the main part of making a hand drill with your own hands.

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Making a pen

The handle or rotating part of the hand drill is welded strictly at a right angle in a T-shaped way. The main bar itself can be 40 to 50 cm long. The recommended handle width should be no more than shoulder width. The fact is that the resistance of the rod to the rotating force is limited. If it is exceeded, the rod may twist, as a result of which the hand drill for poles will become unsuitable for work. In order to avoid such troubles, limit the effort and gradually drill the earth in moderate parts.

Before welding, secure the handle to the rod using a welding clamp, while keeping the corners straight. Thus, you will not only save correct angle, but you will also be sure that the handle will not lead to the side. The welding seam should be on the end side of the main rod. At this stage, you should work as carefully as possible. It is worth considering that the reliability and duration of the life of the future drill depend on the quality of this joint. Since the seam takes on the entire load of efforts, do not spare the electrodes for its implementation.

The irregularities of the joint are turned with a grinder, this will not only give the tool more aesthetic appearance, but also eliminate cuts on your hands that you can get during the operation of a hand drill. Having welded the handle, a connecting thread is cut at the other end of the main rod, similarly to the previous one.

When building a house and landscaping, it is often necessary to make round holes in the ground. They are needed when constructing a fence - for installing pillars, when building gazebos, installing arches and other light utility structures. The same pits, but of a larger diameter and depth, are required during the device pile foundation. Make these holes with a motorized or manual drill. They are available in stores in sufficient quantities, but many prefer homemade products: they are often more productive and reliable than factory products. In addition, you can make a drill with your own hands of any design, and there are a lot of them.

Designs and application

There are three main designs of earth drills:

Easier-to-make garden earth drills. Depending on the type of soil on which drilling is carried out, their design is slightly modified. This is the beauty of home-made drills - they can be "sharpened" for specific conditions and it's not just about size - the blades can be made removable, bolted, but also in design features. Yes, ordinary drills in the store are inexpensive, but they are “universal”. Works well on "light" soils. On loams, clays, marl, etc. they are ineffective.

Making a garden drill

A garden drill is the simplest but most effective design. It consists of:

This is the basic design, and there are many improvements to it. But first, let's talk about what a dredger can be made of.

materials

As already mentioned, the rod is most often made from a round or square pipe. Diameter - from 3/4' to 1.5', profiled pipe can be taken from 20 * 20 mm to 35 * 35 mm.

Knives-blades can be made from:

It's easier to make blades from saw blade. In this case, the cutting edges are already prepared. It will be possible to further sharpen the side edges to make the ground easier to cut.

Piku-drill is made from different materials- a lot of her designs. They make just a sharpened rod. Then you need a piece of a bar of large diameter. The second option is to make something like a drill out of a strip. And also a combination of the two.

Ground drill bit made of steel strip

Pika - one of the tip options

Combination Handpiece for Rock Crushing

And finally, about the pen. It is more convenient if it is made of round pipe. Its diameter can be selected according to the coverage of the palms. The main requirement is that you should be comfortable.

Knives and the method of fastening

First of all, you need to decide whether you are making a drill with your own hands with removable or stationary blades. If the blades are removable, weld shelves made of thick steel at one end of the rod. Shelves are made at an angle - so that the planes of the knives are separated at an angle of 25-30 °.

After the shelves are welded, two or three holes are made in them - for fasteners. Then the same holes will need to be made in the blades, and installed on bolts of a solid diameter.

On one rod, you can have several sets of cutting blades - for pits of different diameters

Holes will have to be cut in the center of the disks themselves - so that they fit snugly against the rod, but this operation is also required for the monolithic version - with welded blades.

Sheet steel

If you are going to make the blades from sheet steel, cut out a template from paper, follow it with a circle of steel. Drill a hole in the center - it will be necessary to insert and weld the rod into it. Circle or square - depending on the selected rod. The dimensions of the hole are slightly larger than the dimensions of the rod.

Manual buroyam with one turn

It is also necessary to spread the edges by 25-30 degrees. In this case, drilling efficiency will be maximum. If you work on dense soils (clay, loam with a predominance of clay), the blades under load can reduce. To avoid this, stops are added from a corner or a thick strip of steel.

Reinforcement of a hand drill for drilling wells in dense soils

The blades bend due to the fact that the steel used is not hardened, but it is almost impossible to find it in the sheet, and if it is possible, then it is unlikely to be bent.

From saw blade

If you have an old saw blade of a suitable diameter, you have found almost perfect option. They use hardened steel, and it is elastic and durable. But such a disk cannot be bent, therefore it is sawn in half and these halves are bred at the required angle.

Disc cut in half

Such a homemade drill for earthworks shows a fairly high performance. Even used discs have a well-ground edge. And to make drilling even easier, they also sharpen the drill on the sides with their own hands.

Modifications

In dense soils, it can be difficult to cut the soil with large blades. In this case, several blades of different sizes are welded onto the rod. From below, near the peak, the smallest ones are welded, above, retreating a few centimeters - large ones. There can be three such tiers, a maximum of four. The entire cutting part should not be more than 50 cm, otherwise it is very difficult to work physically.

Cutting blades can be arranged in several tiers

If a drill is needed for shallow pits - for installing poles, etc., then this design is optimal - it has a relatively small weight, it is easy to work with. The process of work is this - they lowered it into the hole, turned it several times - pulled it out, poured out the soil stuck between the blades. But if you need to drill deep pits, you will be tormented by dragging a small amount of soil from the depth. For such cases, a box for collecting soil is welded over the blades.

A homemade drill with a land receiver is suitable for installing poles and piles

And all these are handmade drills. All of them are different high efficiency- work much easier than purchased ones.

Auger drill

The auger drill, due to the large number of turns, creates significant resistance, that is, it is much more difficult to work with it than with a garden drill. But augers are used mainly in the presence of a mechanized drive - when they make a drill for wells of great depth - on water, devices of underground probes for heat pump etc.

This is what a screw drill looks like

To make a homemade auger drill, you will need several metal discs. The number of discs is equal to the number of turns. The disks are cut out the same, in them, in the center, a hole is cut for the rod, as well as the same sector - so that they can be welded.

A sector is marked in the rings, cut out

The discs are welded on one side, then, slightly stretching the resulting accordion, the seam is welded on the other side. Rings are welded on the outer discs. Welded discs are put on the rod, the lower edge is welded.

Almost done

Drill for piles TISE

In the author's version, the TISE drill is blades with a land receiver and a folding wider knife, which forms an extension at the bottom of the pile. But working with such a projectile is inconvenient - the folding knife greatly interferes. Therefore, in some designs it is made removable, but in general, it is recommended to drill the pits themselves with an ordinary garden drill, and to expand it, make a separately folding knife with a land receiver. This makes the job easier and faster.

Do-it-yourself drill for TISE piles - one of the options

A cut-off shovel acts as a knife, and the land receiver is made from a can of herring. The knife is fixed movably, when lowered into the pit, it is pulled up by a nylon cable tied to the end. Having reached the bottom, the cable is loosened, the blade begins to cut the sides of the pit, forming the necessary expansion.

In the photo below - the second version of a home-made drill for TISE piles. The design is more complex, but also more efficient. The plow-blade is made from a piece of spring, sharpened and welded to hinged design on bolted connections.

More complex design

The dredger is from an old propane tank. The earth is collected from below, because the receiver is made with a rounded bottom. It has two holes, their edges are sharpened.

Bottom view

This projectile works well even on dense clay. True, to reduce friction, the well must constantly be moistened with water.

Blueprints

A self-made drill is good because its design is “sharpened” for the owner. In the manufacturing process, everyone makes their own changes, then many more refine the product. But it can be difficult to do without basic drawings. This engraving contains several drawings with the dimensions of various drills. As you understand, the dimensions are conditional, they can and should be changed, adjusting to the dimensions of the required wells.

Spade drill

For planting plants, making a serious design does not make sense. In this case, you can make a garden drill from a shovel. They choose a high-quality shovel made of good steel, apply markings, as shown in the drawing. According to the markup, it will be necessary to cut out two small fragments, saw them lower part in the middle to a depth of 30 cm (pictured).

Drill for soft soils

If the ground is soft conventional design doesn't work very well. For such cases, there is a special drill with an elongated cutting part. It is a kind of glass with slits on the sides. The cuts are provided cutting edges. They are best made from well-hardened steel.

Drill for soft soils

This drawing shows an interesting design of the handle - it can be rearranged as the length of the rod increases.

Basic drawings of auger and garden drill

Both of these units work well, but the garden one often has to be removed, and the auger is harder to rotate. Choose according to your own preferences.

Auger and garden drill for soil of different density

Detailed drawing in the projections of the auger drill

Garden drill drawing

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