DIY spiral staircase. How easy it is to bend a spiral staircase handrail

Increasingly, spiral staircases are found in their homes and cottages. This is due to the beautiful appearance of the products, a wide variety of designs and the ability to install them in a relatively small area.

Handrails for spiral staircases play a huge role in the safety and aesthetic perception of the product. The article offers to get acquainted with the types, materials and features of the manufacture of such structures.

Railing on spiral staircase, as well as on a regular marching track, they serve to protect a person from falling from a ladder and are a support when going up and down.

The railing includes:

• Balusters. These are the support posts on which the handrail is attached. Their purpose is to fulfill a load-bearing and decorative role;
• Placeholders... Such elements are necessary to fill the gap between the balusters. They serve as a decoration for the structure and increase safety when driving. Such elements are not always used, but if there are children in the house, placeholders are set without fail;
• Handrails... This support element for hands when moving. Installed on one side or, if necessary, on both sides of the spiral staircase. Handrails are attached to balusters, or directly to the wall, as in the photo.

Fence aggregate types

There are several types of structures to fill the space between the posts. You can get acquainted with them from the table:

In addition, the fence can be made by analogy with the bowstrings of a spiral staircase, spiral staircases with support pillar without fencing.

Materials for the manufacture of fencing

Before making a railing for a spiral staircase, you should get acquainted with the materials for their manufacture.

Tip: When choosing a design and material for the railing, you should pay attention to their combination with the style of the stairs and the entire interior of the room.

Stair railings can be made of the following materials:

• . The price of such structures is the highest. The fence is difficult to install, which is associated with the need to bend the material, which is done only in the factory. Fencing glass is preferable to use in office premises, for residential buildings in high-tech interiors, minimalism.

Tip: When ordering glass panels from a company for fencing a spiral staircase, it is necessary to specify the radius of their bending, some organizations cannot perform a small radius, due to the complexity of the process technology.

• Iron railing for a spiral staircase. In terms of cost, the fence is more economical, and the appearance is practically not inferior to glass. For manufacturing, metal pipes and rods of square and round cross-section, bent into the desired ornament, are used. After that, the elements are welded together, the joints are cleaned and painted in desired color. Metal railings can have a wide variety of shapes and colors, without restrictions in use;
• Of stainless steel. Their manufacturing technology is similar to that of common metal, the difference in appearance after the end of the work. Stainless steel looks more presentable and stylish. Such handrails can be installed in damp rooms, outdoors. Stainless steel allows you to create original and very beautiful outdoor spiral staircases.
• Wood... These are economical and beautiful spiral staircase handrails that can perfectly fit into any interior from classic to high-tech, depending on finishing constructions.

Tip: When making a wooden fence, you must choose quality wood with minimal humidity. This will prevent cracking and deformation of the structure during operation.

After thorough polishing and varnishing of all surfaces, the structure will become pleasant to the touch and very beautiful. Wood is always warm, unlike metal.

The manufacture of handrails for a spiral staircase made of wood is especially recommended in rooms where there are children. The designs look very elegant, but they take up quite a lot of space, it is better to use them in residential buildings and rooms with a large area.

• Stone... This is the most expensive option, it is very rarely used in their homes. The stone is difficult to match with many interior styles. Such structures are used for the enclosures of spiral staircases in castles, palaces and similar majestic structures;
• Plastic. It is most often used to simulate materials such as stone or wood. PVC railings have a low cost, long service life, look aesthetically pleasing, safe to use.
• By combining materials. The options can be very different: wood with metal, glass with metal, metal with wood. It is appropriate to use them in different styles from modern and classic to high-tech (see) and minimalism.

Tip: When using a combination of materials for railings, it is worth paying attention to the quality of the processing of joints during installation. Deformation may occur during operation different parts, due to improper adhesion of materials to each other.

The most common options for making railings are metal and wood. Making a handrail for a spiral staircase with your own hands from such materials is quite simple, you just need to have the desire and little skills in construction.

Features of the selection and design of railings

For the right choice and the design of the fence of stairs, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of SNiPs and GOSTs, which indicate:

• The height of the railings in your home should not be less than 900 mm;
• The distance between the balusters should be no more than 300 mm;
• Everything butt seams and the connection of elements, it is necessary to decorate and fasten together with high quality.

Railing handrails can be different shapes: round, square, rectangular, but always comfortable to fit in the hand, without sharp corners to avoid injury when climbing stairs.

Fencing design

Before you make a spiral handrail for a staircase, it is worth depicting desired result on a computer or paper. Structural sketches are an essential part of creating a stair railings project. All dimensions of the product must be indicated on them.

This will help you to complete all the parts for the railing correctly or to pick them up ready-made.

At self-manufacturing railings for stairs, some elements should be purchased ready-made. For example, many will not be able to correctly determine how to bend a handrail for a spiral staircase. Sometimes railings for spiral staircases are purchased in the form of a constructor, which is only assembled from a set of parts at the installation site.

When creating a virtual model of a railing, given that the staircase has already been built, its dimensions are known, it is necessary to define three parameters:

• Railing radius;
• Tilt angle;
• Length.

These values ​​are transferred to the virtual model. For this:

• There is a free area, better on the ground;
• The center of the structure is marked with a peg;
• A circle is drawn using a rope with a nail fixed on a peg.
• The radius is the distance between the center of the support and the location of the balusters;
• Supports are hammered along the perimeter of the circle, where future railings will be attached. Their height should be about 2 meters;
• To increase the rigidity of the layout, it is worth installing spacers inside such a "dial".

Handrail making

After preparing the structure, spiral railings can be made.

Work instructions:

• The first strip of plywood is taken and fixed with self-tapping screws on the posts. In this case, the fasteners are placed from the inside of the structure; those that have crawled out are cut off with a grinder;
• Fasteners should start slightly above floor level and continue with a slope, like on a spiral staircase. It turns out a spiral;
• Joiner's glue is applied to the first strip;
• The second part is attached, and is fixed to the first along the entire length with clamps. In this case, each subsequent strip is glued to the previous strip with a ledge;
• About 100 mm should be left for each strip, which will make it easy to lengthen the railing, usually spiral staircases on kosoura consist of 1.5 - 2 turns.

Tip: Do not glue several strips at once, the glue should dry well. This will have a good effect on uniformity, which will improve the appearance of the railing.

• After installing all the strips, the excess length of the fence is carefully cut off with a grinder;
• The second part of the workpiece is manufactured according to the same principle;
• The accuracy of the fit of the workpieces to the finished ladder is checked;
• Both parts of the blanks are combined;
• The connected ledges are fixed with wood glue and self-tapping screws;
• The resulting workpiece is attached to the top and bottom of the stairs;
• By pulling the workpiece with self-tapping screws with a pitch of 100 mm to the upper end of the racks, the correct location of the future fence is controlled;
• Common fasteners are performed for each vertical post or baluster;
• The excess parts of the railing are cut at the edges perpendicular to the floor.

The video in this article will tell you in more detail how to make a fence for a spiral staircase.

The railing is being finalized

To give the design a beautiful appearance necessary:

• Grind all surfaces;
• The corners are rounded and all irregularities are eliminated;
• Wood dust and wood particles generated during work are mixed with wood glue and used to clog sweats to close the holes;
• After drying, these areas are sanded.
• The final processing of the railing with "zero" sandpaper is carried out.
• The structure is opened with impregnation and varnish, or painted in a favorite color that suits the interior of the room.

These are just some types of spiral fences, recommendations on how to choose or make a spiral staircase railings and the most common technology for their installation. Having shown imagination, you can combine different types, get a work of art, to decorate not only the stairs, but the entire room.

Nikolay, Nizhny Novgorod asks the question:

Good afternoon! I recently built a spiral staircase to the second floor at my dacha. And when making handrails for her, I ran into a problem. Straight railings are not suitable for my design, a special semicircular shape is needed, since there are children and elderly people in the family for whom this has great value... The staircase itself is made of metal, so I want to make the handrails also metal. Although if there is an easy way to bend wood or plastic, then I can use them as well. Please tell me how to bend a handrail for a spiral staircase in a simple way... It is desirable that I be able to do this myself and as quickly as possible. Thanks in advance.

The expert answers:

Hello! Nowadays, very often, instead of a marching staircase, preference is given to the construction of a spiral staircase. You can, of course, turn to specialists who will fulfill your wishes in their workshop without any problems. But if you decide to find out how to bend a handrail for a spiral staircase yourself, please note that the handrails must be strong and safe during operation. The rules for bending the handrail depend primarily on the material from which you want to make it.

If you have chosen a tree, then there are two ways to bend it to the shape you need. You can dip the workpiece in boiling water and soak in it until the wood is completely soft. After that, you bend it to the shape that you need, fix it in this position and wait until it dries well. It is advisable to bend in this way when the thickness of the wood will not exceed 3 cm.

Can be glued individual details from thin veneer, laying them directly on the steps close to the uprights in order to accurately repeat the bend. Finished construction coated with glue, wrapped in foil and attracted with clamps. When the glue is completely dry, the veneer is released from the clamps. The finished handrail, starting from the top, is screwed to each post.

When working with wood, remember that after bending the material must be impregnated with an antiseptic, covered with a layer of linseed oil, and after it dries and fixing the railing, varnish or paint these parts of the stairs.

Plastic railings can be bent with a hair dryer. Hot air directed to the workpiece and gradually, as it heats up, bend it to the desired shape. The main thing is that the plastic does not melt. Therefore, control the supply of hot air from the hair dryer.

There are also two ways to make metal railings. If you have the opportunity, you can heat the metal in a special forging furnace and use a hammer to give it the desired shape... At home, you can clamp a metal strip in a vise and use a hammer to give it the desired shape.

Now you can choose for yourself the best option how to bend handrails for a spiral staircase. All of the above methods are simple and affordable, allowing you to do the work of bending handrails with your own hands at home without unnecessary financial costs.

- compact construction for lifting, which must have convenient fencing... Consider in this article different variants its execution, manufacturing nuances, as well as approximate prices.

Important points when creating a railing for a spiral staircase

To get a convenient and practical enclosure of a spiral staircase, you must adhere to several rules:

• observe the recommended height of the handrail: for a flat area - 1050-1100 mm, and for an inclined one - 900-950 mm;
• the minimum step of the balusters must be at least 300 mm;
• take care of the joints different materials- provide pads, washers, decorative elements;
• think in advance how to attach the fence to the stairs, install mortgages before facing the steps;
• ensure smooth transitions of the handrail from an inclined part to a flat one.

The main types of fences

For a spiral staircase, you can choose any type of fence, but it is important to remember about the general ensemble of the room, the combination of elements. The main types include the following options:

• fences with glass - suitable for offices, houses in modern style execution;
• fences with "ferrous" metal - a budget option for different occasions, can be painted in different colors;
• fences with stainless steel - suitable for streets and wet rooms, fit into high-tech interiors;
• wooden fences- suitable for houses in classic style, for rooms with large spaces;
• combined options- suitable for different objects, depending on what materials are used.

Glass railing

Contemporary and stylish solution, which will cost from $ 100 e. for running m. When designing such a fence, it is necessary to first take into account the minimum radius of flexible elements - in different companies it may differ. In this case, it is advisable to use tempered glass or triplex - so that if they break, they do not injure anyone.

Fencing made of "ferrous" metal

Most affordable option that can look presentable (high quality paints are required). The cost of such a fence will be from $ 80. e. for running m. It is important to use profiles that are easy to bend and also look good in finished form (round pipes, rods, sheets).

Stainless steel railing

Long lasting, beautiful option, which will cost from 130 USD e. for running m. When creating such a fence, it is important to weld it correctly and process the surfaces with high quality - the finished result will depend on this.

Wooden fencing

A solid solution for a home, which will cost from $ 150. e. for running m. When creating fence elements, it is important to lay allowances for the joints, as well as apply good wood, which will not crack, deform during operation.

Combined fencing options

The most expensive solutions, which will cost from $ 200. e. for running m. When creating such fences, it is required Special attention to devote to the joints of materials, to think over all the junctions and combinations different elements between themselves.

A fence for a spiral staircase can be classic or modern, carved or in strict lines - the choice of one or another option depends only on your own preferences. Create amazing fences and enjoy the beauty and sophistication!

Svetlana Zhidkova, rmnt.ru

The compact design of a spiral staircase ideally combines lightness and strength, brings an element of originality and uniqueness into the interior, at the same time it has a number of other practical and applied advantages.

Consider the technology of the spiral staircase device, what material to use, how to calculate and how to make structural elements.

Pros of spiral staircases

• Firstly, the spiral staircase does not take up much space, since it is located around a special support and, as it were, "hangs" in the air. When limited area, this is a powerful argument. Enough 1.5 sq. m for a device of this design.

• Secondly, the cost of a spiral staircase is slightly less than the cost of building the usual ones.

• Thirdly, a rather simple manufacturing principle, of course, you need to have certain skills and tools, but it is quite possible to do it on your own.

• Fourthly, the efficiency of use in their own houses or apartments, where there is no heavy traffic of people and you can safely go up to the second floor.

It is important to remember that the steps screw design not very wide and with a sufficiently steep rise, it becomes a source of increased danger. Therefore, it is recommended to walk on such a structure not very quickly and observe the rules of caution. You can compensate for this disadvantage by arranging reliable handrails. Even more important is the accurate calculation of the dimensions of the stairs and in particular, winders and the width of the tread (horizontal surface).

In fact, you can make a spiral staircase for a house, which will become an exquisite component of a room, on your own, keeping in mind the nuances that are of fundamental importance:

1. Professionals advise to make the span width of at least 100 cm for comfortable movement, then the width of the structure turns out to be a little more than two meters, provided that the bearing support has a diameter of 20-50 mm.


2. An inexpensive and at the same time reliable option, which is one of the most common, is a design when the steps are fixed on a bearing support and helical handrails with balusters.


3. Another design, with bent-glued handrails, with steps and risers fixed on them, without the construction of a support in the center, is much more expensive and requires more labor.

A ladder screw taken in the horizontal plane can have the shape of a circle or a polygon (when the structure is near the walls). To install the steps, recesses are made in the wall, where bookmarks are prepared for subsequent installation.

What materials to use to make spiral staircases?

The strength and durability of the stairs depends on the selected material. As the main supporting element of the structure, asbestos-cement or metal pipe, on which the steps are attached by welding, bolting or coupling. Sometimes brick, concrete, stone or wood are used in the manufacture of the support.

Railings are made of hardwood, metal, their combined use is possible. In addition to traditional beech, oak, ash and metal steps today, glass or plastic steps are not uncommon.

In order to achieve durability, reliability and increased safety, the following recommendations should be adhered to:

1. The helical design, in which the inner edge of the horizontal plane is free, reduces the risk of slipping when going up and down the narrow part of the steps. This option is called a ladder without a vertical plane, and it has a higher safety performance.


2. Moving up the stairs usually takes place in the middle of the steps, so it is recommended to make them about 20 centimeters wide. Already 15 cm from the central support, the width of the steps should be at least 10 cm.


3. The length of the steps depends on the purpose of the stairs. In the case of rare use, you can limit yourself to a size of 0.6 m with a diameter of 1.4 m. Optimal size slightly larger: steps - 0.8 m, diameter - about 2 m.


4. When calculating design data, it should be provided that the height for a person's passage provides the ability to move along the next loop, which is about two meters.


5. For the central support, it seems optimal to use a thick-walled metal pipe (about 50 mm in diameter), which gives the entire structure the necessary strength. The support must be exactly vertical and the point on which it rests must be able to carry the entire load.


6. At wooden covering upright post mounted with anchor bolts and the necessary fasteners. The option of fastening by pouring concrete with the use of guy ropes is possible.


7. To fix the steps on the central post, holes are drilled on the narrow side of the step with a diameter that is equal to the diameter of the post. The steps are installed by means of bushings, their height should be the same as the height of the vertical plane. Horizontal planes and bushings must be laid with washers to protect the tree from deformation. The size of the bushings should be calculated by adding the size of all washers, otherwise the height of the entire structure will be greater than the preliminary data.


8. The length of the steps directly correlates with the size of the opening in the ceiling, and we get their number by dividing the height of the stairs by 18-20 cm (distance between the feet), not forgetting to add the thickness of the steps.


9. To give the structure strength, the subsequent steps are laid with a slight overlap on the previous ones and are fixed with a bracket, which is placed between the adjacent edges of the steps in their wide part.

Installation of a spiral staircase

The assembly of the spiral staircase is carried out in the following sequence: installation of the bearing rack, installation of treads and bushings in the desired order. This is followed by the installation of the steps, taking into account their exact initial and final position, at the end, the brackets are fixed. Installation is completed with fasteners of the upper step to the ceiling. It remains only to put the railings and handrails.

Calculation of a spiral staircase - drawings and diagrams

DIY spiral staircase - video assembly instructions

Wooden spiral staircases - photo