Lemon leaf diseases at home. Citrus indoor plants: protection against diseases and pests

Homemade lemon, like any other citrus crop, is susceptible to many diseases. These can be infectious, viral, fungal diseases, as well as diseases resulting from improper plant care.

Diseases of indoor lemon often occur due to a lack of trace elements. For example, if citrus is deficient in nitrogen, small, light yellow spots appear on its leaves. With a lack of phosphorus, the leaf plate grows dull, and its edges dry out. If the tree does not have enough iron, a light green mesh appears on its leaves; if there is a lack of manganese or boron, the ovaries fall off. To prevent this, mineral and organic fertilizers... At the same time, it is important to observe the dosage, since an excess of fertilizers also negatively affects the condition of this plant.

Diseases of lemon at home and their photos

Diseases of lemon at home can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms: fungi, viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas. Affected individuals develop various defects (crumbling, deformation of fruits and leaves, spotting, growths and others). Pathogens are spread by wind, insects, and water droplets during watering and spraying.

Weakened trees are most often susceptible to diseases, therefore it is important when growing lemon to create everything the necessary conditions for its full development, carry out proper care, conduct regular, thorough inspections. The fight against lemon diseases should be carried out when the first signs appear. From a diseased individual, it is required to cut off all affected parts so that they do not weaken the tree.

The most dangerous diseases of homemade lemons:

Photo gallery

For the prevention and elimination of pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases, the biofungicide "Fitosporin" is recommended, which is watered and sprayed with citrus.

Gommoz

This disease occurs in the lower part of the trunk. Gradually rises up to the branches and down to the roots of the tree. In places of damage, bulges are formed in which gum accumulates, which is a yellow or brown liquid that hardens in air. The affected areas crack and die off. Wounds appear on the tree. With a strong lesion of the lemon, the leaves dry up and fall off. Individuals infected with gommosis continue to produce crops, but their fruits become smaller and lose their taste. If you do not take measures to eliminate this disease, the citrus will die.

Gommosis often affects leaves and fruits. Brown spots appear on the leaves, which grow over time. On affected fruits, the skin darkens and coarsens. The pulp softens, rots and acquires bad smell.

It is quite difficult to treat this disease. Sore areas are cleaned and treated with a solution copper sulfate... After that, the tree is removed from the soil, its roots are cleaned and transplanted into fresh soil. Diseased bark and wood are cut out, all cleanings are burned.

Scab and other diseases of lemon leaves

Lemon can also infect scab, which can be recognized by convex spots that appear on the leaves, branches, citrus fruits. After a while, instead of these spots, holes form, after which the leaves fall off, the fruits and bark of the branches crack. The causative agent of scab is a pathogenic fungus that can overwinter in fallen leaves, spread by wind and insects. Grows quickly in humid environments.

To prevent this disease in the spring, the crown and soil should be sprayed with a solution of copper or iron sulfate. The diseased plant is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid after bud break. Secondary spraying is carried out after flowering. To do this, you can use copper oxychloride, cuprozan and other fungicides.

The affected lemon parts must be collected and burned. Change the soil. In the spring, before the swelling of the kidneys, all diseased branches are removed. The tree is sprayed mineral fertilizers... For this, urea (10%), ammonium nitrate (10%), nitroammofoska (10%), calcium chloride (70%) are used. The drug "Strobilin" is effective in the fight against scab.

Sooty fungus

It appears on the leaves, later on the branches and trunk in the form of a dark bloom. This disease slows down the growth of the plant, interferes with its normal development.

When signs of soot fungus appear, the plaque is washed off with clean warm water. It is helpful to rinse the wood under the shower. The room where the affected lemon is located must be well ventilated.

Wart

Wart is one of the diseases of lemons that occurs in indoor conditions... Young shoots, fruits and leaves are attacked by a pathogenic fungus.

Small yellowish spots appear on the leaves, which after a while turn into gray warts. On the shoots, the warts increase in size, forming large growths, which leads to the death of the shoot. Brown spots form on the fruit, the ovaries fall off. Wart develops rapidly in extreme heat and high humidity.

To eliminate this disease, the affected parts of the plant are cut off and burned, then the crown is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid. The first spraying is carried out in March, the second immediately after flowering, and the third in July.

Root rot on lemon

Root rot on lemon is not noticeable until intensive leaf fall begins. When this sign appears, the tree is dug up and examined. root system... If there are lesions, they are removed with a sharp knife. After that, the citrus is transplanted into fresh soil and placed in a bright place. The next few days do not water. Wipe the leaves with a damp cloth.

Sometimes, when root rot appears, dark brown spots appear on the trunk, through which dirt seeps. Over time, the bark dries up and dies off.

Photos of the above diseases of indoor lemon can be seen below:

Photo gallery

Lemon viral diseases

Such diseases homemade lemonlike citrus cancer, leaf mosaic and tristeza are viral.

Citrus cancers appear as dark brown spots on the leaves and fruits. With prolonged illness, the leaves fall off, the fruits are formed with defects. This disease leads to the death of the plant. It is not subject to treatment.

For the prevention of citrus cancer, spring processing tree fungicide liquid copper.

Leaf mosaic is recognized by light, sometimes dark green stripes or streaks on the leaves. It leads to deformation of the leaf plate, as well as to a slowdown in tree growth. It is not subject to treatment. When good care and regular feeding becomes less pronounced.

Tristeza - leads to drying out and leaf fall. With a strong defeat, branches, bark and whole trees die off. It is not subject to treatment.

Lemon disease - sticky leaves

Quite often, citrus owners are faced with deformation, drying and falling of its leaves.

Lemon leaf diseases occur for a variety of reasons. It might be a shortage nutrients, poor care, pest damage, tree disease.

The reason for leaf fall is often a lack of light, dry air or too high air temperature. Watering with cold and chlorinated water, excess moisture in the soil, disturbance of the acid-base balance of the soil negatively affects the leaves and the plant as a whole. In addition, lemon leaves react sharply to any changes, whether it be rearranging it to a new place or changing the temperature regime.

In some cases, citrus leaves become sticky. Sticky leaves lemons look like they've been sprinkled with syrup. Such a disease, as a rule, is caused by a tree settling. If measures to combat this pest are not taken in a timely manner, soot fungus can develop in the sticky liquid. To eliminate sticky plaque, the leaves are wiped with a solution of transformer oil (6 ml per 1 liter of water). After 5-7 days, re-treatment is carried out. The solution not only effectively removes sticky plaque, but also destroys a young scale insect that has not yet been covered with a protective shell. If the treatment is not carried out, the plant will die.

You can use another way to heal the tree. IN warm season citrus is sprayed with karbofos or tobacco solution. To completely eliminate the disease, 2-3 such treatments are required with an interval of 7-10 days.

The characteristic signs of lemon diseases are presented in the following photos:

Citrus diseases to which the mandarin belongs, are to some extent specific, and to some extent characteristic of many fruit plants. In most cases, diseases of the mandarin tree are caused by microorganisms: mycoplasmas, viruses, bacteria, fungi. The consequence of their action are various defects on the tree and fruits: growths, ulcers, rot, spots, etc. They can penetrate into the plant through the stomata of the leaf, into the wounds formed by mechanical damage, through insects, wind, when spraying or watering. The difficulty is that not all measures to combat mandarin diseases are effective, and in some cases even useless. Below we will dwell in more detail on the most typical diseases and how to deal with them.

The disease is caused by the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum glocosponoides Penz, which develops in a humid environment and settles on the fruits, leaves, and branches of the plant. Infected leaves are initially covered with pale green patches that darken over time. If infestation occurs during a rainy season, the spots may be dark brown. Black dots appear at the tops of the shoots. The branches turn completely brown, then light gray, become covered with a lot of swelling and die off. Affected flowers become covered with reddish spots and crumble. Small dark spots appear on the fruits around the pedicel, which expand, injuring the skin. It becomes dark brown and softens. On fruits, the disease can appear during storage. They have an unpleasant odor and a bitter-sour taste.

This fungal disease of mandarin occurs with high humidity and improper care. In order to combat it, the affected shoots are cut off and spraying with special fungicides is carried out according to the instructions. It is recommended to use the biofungicide "Fitosporin", since it is not toxic. It is added to water for irrigation also as a prevention of fungal diseases. For prevention, gardeners advise spraying tangerines with a solution of Bordeaux liquid (1%) two to three times per season.

Did you know? Mandarin grows in its natural environment up to 70 years, increasing yields every year. Up to 800 fruits can be removed from one tree per season.

Another disease caused by a fungus that affects the entire plant. It manifests itself at first as small yellow transparent specks on the leaves, which then transform into pinkish-gray warts. The growths that appeared on young shoots grow and turn into an impressive growth, which leads to the death of the branch. When the fruit becomes infected, orange spots grow on them, which acquire brown tints as they grow. In this case, the existing ovaries fall off. The condition for the spread of the disease is high humidity and air temperature. The fight against the disease consists in removing damaged parts of the plant, which it is advisable to burn, so that spores do not spread to environment... The plant is sprayed with a solution of Bordeaux liquid (1%): in March, in June (after flowering) and in July.

The disease, caused by the fungus Pythiacystis citrophthora R.E.Sm, manifests itself in the form of protruding longitudinal drops of gum on the bark of a tree. Basically, the infection affects the bark of the trunks and the main roots of the tree, without penetrating into their other layers. Over time, the bark detaches from the rest of the trunk or root. If this happens around its circumference, the branch, root or the entire trunk dies, since the circulation of the juice is disturbed. The fungus can also appear on fruits, causing brown rot.

Important! The fatal consequences of the action of this disease are reflected on the leaves only several weeks, or even months after the death of the branch or trunk.

Before treating the tangerine tree, it is necessary to eliminate the causes that caused the disease.

These may include:

lack of potassium and phosphorus with an excess of nitrogen in the soil. In this case, the share of nitrogen and organic fertilizers decreases;
lack of drainage under the root system of the tree. For a couple of days, watering is completely stopped, and then resumed carefully and with great restriction;
too deep planting of seedlings;
mechanical damage, due to which wounds appeared, where the infection got.

In addition to the measures described above, it is necessary to carry out the following. Clean and disinfect the wound with a solution of copper sulfate (3%). To do this, dissolve 30 g of the product and 200 g of slaked (or 100 g of quicklime) lime in a liter of water. After that, the wound is treated with garden varnish. The procedure is repeated until the signs of the disease disappear. If this cannot be achieved, the plant is uprooted and burned.

Citrus Cancer

A disease caused by bacteria that infect the leaves and fruits of the tree. It appears as bright dark brown spots. Citrus cancer is not cured. The plant must be removed from the ground and destroyed.

Important! It is possible to find out exactly what pathogen a particular disease is caused by only in a laboratory. Many of the symptoms of diseases caused by both fungi and bacteria are very similar to each other. However, sometimes brown pustules, black spots or gray patches can be seen on infected surfaces - these are fungal spores. When infected with mycoplasmas and viruses, the shape of flowers, leaves, and shoots changes. A mosaic pattern appears on them, paniculate stems, dwarfism are observed. At the same time, fungal and bacterial diseases are treated with fungicides, and mycoplasmic and viral diseases cannot be treated, the plant must be destroyed.

Late blight

Most often, this fungal disease affects tangerine treesthat were previously grafted onto an orange. It often appears on young seedlings, which are surrounded by a brown oily spot. Usually, the damaged area is cleaned and treated with copper sulfate or a similar agent with more high degree actions. It is recommended to dig up the plant and check if the roots are damaged by the disease. If the inspection gives a positive result, the tree must be destroyed.

It is difficult to detect it, since the roots of the plant are affected. Usually, the disease manifests itself outwardly in an already advanced stage, when the leaves of the mandarin massively fall off. How to reanimate indoor tangerine in this case? Dig up the plant and examine the roots. If damaged areas are found, they are removed with a sharp, disinfected instrument. All roots are treated with a rooting stimulant and the plant is transplanted into fresh, clean soil. Then the pot of tangerine should be placed in the greenhouse or the leaves should be regularly wiped with a damp cloth, avoiding abundant watering. Give the plant good lighting.

Important! In most cases, mandarin leaves fall off not due to illness, but from improper care. In fact, this is how the plant reacts to stress factors: lack of light, waterlogged soil, low temperatures etc. Wherein adult plant, who is at least three years old, may die. The causal abundant leaf fall can be the depletion of a mandarin when it was not sent to rest in winter period... From late October to early March, it is recommended to set a pot of tangerine for 12 hours every day at cool place (14 – 16 ° C) illuminated with a 20-40 W fluorescent lamp.

The cause of the disease is a virus of the same name that infects the entire plant. As a rule, trees more than 5 years old become its victims. The first signs are a stop or inhibition of further development and a change in the color of the leaves. At first, they fade, become slightly bronze, then they acquire a yellowish tint near the veins. At the same time, more mature leaves begin to fall off at the base of the branches. After leaf fall, the branches extending from the trunk weaken and die off. The fruits also change color and fall off early. If you dig up the plant, it turns out that the root system is very badly affected.

Important! There are varieties of mandarin that are resistant to this disease. But they are also carriers of this virus, they just do not activate it.

The disease is transmitted by insects or budding (plant grafting). Not treated. It is recommended to destroy the infected tree.

Xylopsorosis

A virus that can be in a plant and not develop until 10 years. Outwardly, it is very similar to gommosis, as it damages the bark of the plant. But he is not treated.

An infectious disease that affects plants in open ground in the spring, and indoor - from autumn to spring. The first signs of the disease are the dull color of the leaves. They fall from the tree, while the petioles remain on the branches. After the leaves fall off, the shoots begin to dry out with a simultaneous change in the color of the bark. It becomes carrot or orange-red in color. Drying continues from the end of the branches to the base, and then passes to the main trunk. The disease cannot be treated. The causative agent of the disease Phoma tracheiphila Petri is spread by spores that emerge from shelter in rainy weather and are carried by the wind or working tools.

Did you know? Mandarin is considered not only a dietary but also a medicinal fruit. They contain a lot of potassium, mineral salts, carotene, fats, proteins, organic acids, sugar, fiber are also found. Therefore, tangerines and fresh juice from them are recommended for people with heart disease. The peel contains a lot essential oil, therefore, decoctions and infusions from it are recommended for intestinal disorders, nausea and other gastrointestinal diseases. Massaging the juice helps fight fungal diseases on the skin.

Diseases caused by a lack of fertilizers and micronutrients

Sometimes the outward manifestations of plant ailments turn out to be signs of a lack of important trace elements in the soil.

Very often lemons and other citrus plants are grown in greenhouses, but even in such conditions they can be damaged by various diseases and pests.

Citrus plants are most commonly damaged by red spider mites. He is very small size and is almost invisible to the naked eye, so it is not always possible to identify it in a timely manner. The adult female tick is only 0.4mm in length, and the male is even smaller - 0.3mm.

Most often, attention is paid to this pest, when the foliage on the plant massively turns yellow and falls, especially on the tops of young shoots, which in the nude are entwined with a thin web. It multiplies very quickly and spreads throughout the plant.

The tick with its proboscis pierces the tissue of the leaf, bark or fruit and sucks the juices out of them, which is why they change their natural color to pale yellow. The skin of the fruit coarsens and takes on a pale gray color.

The female lays eggs in the zone of leaf veins, which she attaches with a thin web. A week later, the young generation of ticks appears. One female lays from 50 to 100 eggs in her life (about 10 days).

Control measures

The most affordable way to combat red spider mites is to dust damaged plants with sulfur (crystalline sulfur crushed into flour), which is most effective at a temperature of 17-20 ° C. Before this, the plant is moistened with water from a spray bottle, and then powdered sulfur is collected in a gauze bag and the plant is pollinated, covering the leaves and bark as much as possible.

Sulfur has a detrimental effect on the mites, but the eggs remain intact as the spider webs prevent them from reaching their surface. Therefore, after 7-8 days, a new generation of ticks appears. For their complete destruction, treatment is carried out 2-3 times with an interval of 7-8 days.

Use a water-oil emulsion: 1 tsp. machine oil or any vegetable oil and 1 tbsp. washing powder is well stirred in 1 liter warm water... Spray with a solution from a spray bottle, after covering the soil with a film and wrapping the plant stem with a dense layer of any material that absorbs moisture well (gauze, bandage, cotton fabric).
The whole plant, to a single leaf, is well moistened with a solution and after 2-3 hours it is thoroughly washed with warm water, making sure that the contaminated flowing water does not get into the ground. Spraying is repeated at the same interval as the spraying.

Scabbard brown

The brown scale insect is a common pest that is fairly easy to identify on affected plants. It settles on leaves, young shoots and fruits. When plants are damaged by scale insects, leaves and young shoots become sticky.

It is very difficult to fight this pest. The scale insect gives up to three generations per year. The most effective fight against it is in the period when young larvae appear - "tramps", which crawl over young leaves and shoots. Unlike adults, young offspring do not have shields on their bodies and are easily damaged when sprayed with various solutions.

Control measures

To combat scale insects in the larval stage, many different remedies are recommended.
One of them is a green soap solution (300-400 g per 10 liters of water). First, the soap is well dissolved in a small amount of water, and then the solution is brought to the required volume.

Apply a solution of transformer oil (with or without soap) or a soap-kerosene emulsion: 5 g laundry soap or washing powder and 10 g of kerosene per 1 liter of warm water.

The bottom of the leaves is smeared with vinegar 9%, and after a week the plant is washed with water.

A rather effective drug is ultracid - a gray powder that looks very similar to cement. Damaged plants are sprayed with its solution (25-30 g per 10 l of water).

Aphid

Aphids are a very dangerous pest and everyone must fight it available means... This small in size, light green insect settles on young leaves, shoots and buds, forming whole colonies. It multiplies very quickly and gives more than 15 generations per year. Aphids feed on plant sap, so they are significantly suppressed, their growth slows down, leaves and shoots curl, respiration and photosynthesis are disrupted. Aphid-infested areas become covered with a sticky liquid.

Control measures

Recommended spraying with a solution of green soap or any washing powder, water oil emulsion, a solution of potassium permanganate.
When processing with an oil emulsion, the soil is protected. 3-4 hours after treatment, the plant is washed with warm water, observing all precautions, not allowing the remains of the solution to get into the soil.

Scratch

Another pest is a worm, very similar to the scabbard, although it does not have protective shields on its body. Instead, its back is covered with a waxy coating or different shapes growths, which determine its appearance. In greenhouses, both mealy and Australian fluted bugs are found.

Mealybug protects its body with off-white, yellowish mealy secretions. During breeding, the female lays eggs on branches and leaves, attaching them with a cotton-like mass. One female can lay up to 200 eggs.

Young and adult insects are very mobile, therefore they quickly crawl over the plant. Most often, they accumulate near the peduncles, stalks, near the ovary and fruits, sucking the juice out of them. This leads to depletion of the plant, shedding of fruits.

Control measures

To combat the worm, the same means are used as with the shield: water-oil emulsions, green soap solution or ultracide.

Gum therapy

Signs of gum flow are most often manifested in the zone of the root collar, on the trunk, skeletal and overgrown branches, less often on the roots and even on fruits. The symptoms of the disease, regardless of its origin, are very similar in all parts of the plant. First, small swollen thickenings appear on the bark, which eventually crack and secrete gum in the form of a viscous liquid, golden yellow or brown color... In places where gum is released, the bark becomes brown and rough, and then lags behind the tree throughout its entire thickness, including the cambium.

Hommosis may not be accompanied by the outflow of gum, but just brown spots appear on the bark. The damaged bark dries up, cracks and falls off the tree.

The development of the disease, most often, starts from the root collar or trunk of the tree, from where it spreads up to the skeletal branches and down to the roots. In damaged plants, the leaves turn yellow, curl and fall off, the tops of the branches die off, and the fruits dry out unripe right on the branches.

Control measures

Before planting, the roots and the root collar zone of the seedlings are treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate for 5 minutes. After that, the roots are washed in water.

Spotting

Most often, brown spot is found on citrus leaves. Stains irregular shape appear from the bottom of the sheet. They are numerous and, under favorable conditions, spread over the entire surface of the sheet plate.

This fungal disease affects not only the leaves. It is found on shoots and even on fruits. Damaged leaves are the main source of infection.

Control measures

Fallen leaves, as well as fallen ovary and fruits are collected and burned.

Plants are sprayed with 1% Bordeaux liquid or its substitutes: phthalan, polycarbacin, etc.

Black

Mole is a disease resulting in black bloom on the leaves and fruits. With mass distribution, the mob damages the entire leaf blade, the foliage turns yellow and dies off.

One of the reasons for its appearance is the secretion of aphids and scale insects, on which various fungi settle and multiply.

The mob has a negative effect on photosynthesis, leads to premature fall of foliage, and a decrease in yield. With the massive spread of the disease, the quality of the fruits deteriorates and the plant looks depressed.

Control measures

Timely control of scale insects and aphids will protect plants from many fungal diseases.

When strong development diseases during the period of fruit growth recommend spraying
1% Bordeaux liquid at intervals of 10-14 days.

Wonderful garden and orchard, without problems and without the hassle!

Indoor lemon pests and diseases

Lemon like everyone else houseplants periodically can be affected by diseases and pests.

Common diseases of lemon.
Of the diseases affecting homemade lemon, gum disease (gommosis) and soot fungus are especially dangerous.

Gommoz. With a disease with gommosis, cracks appear on the bark, most often at the bottom of the trunk, from which a sticky liquid - gum emerges, the bark gradually dies off, from this the tree begins to wither and may die.
Most often, homozy occurs in plants grown from cuttings. Factors contributing to the appearance of the disease: deep planting, prolonged waterlogging of the soil, watering cold water and excess nitrogen fertilization.

Gomoz on the trunk of a lemon

Control measures: first of all, you need to eliminate the causes of homoz. The wounds that appear on the bark are thoroughly cleaned, disinfected with a 3% solution of copper sulfate and covered with a paste of copper sulfate and lime. You can also use garden var or clay for covering.

Sooty fungus on lemon leaves

Sooty fungus. On the leaves, and with the development of the disease, a dark bloom appears on the branches and on the trunk. This is a sooty fungus, it settles on the secretions of sucking insects such as scale insects and scale insects. The sooty fungus interferes with the normal growth and development of plants.

Control measures: fungus from the leaves, remove with a wet cloth, and clean it from the branches and trunk with brushes. In addition to such removal, trunks and branches covered with a sooty fungus should be whitened with lime, and the room where the diseased plant is located should be thoroughly ventilated.

Pests

Lemon trunk shield

Shield
The scale insect is one of the most common lemon pests and is most often found on weakened plants. These are small insects, they can move only in the larval state. Adult pests stick to the veins of the leaf from below, and persist for quite a long time. With long-term habitation on the plant, the scale insects reproduce well and also affect the upper side of the leaves and even young shoots. Plants, when severely affected by a pest, are depleted and dry out.

Mealybug
Worms, insects similar to scale insects, but larger and more mobile, cause harm in the same way as scale insects.

Aphid
It colonizes flowers, ovaries, shoots and the underside of foliage. It feeds on juice, which is why the foliage, curling up, dries up. Insects, the length of which is 1.2-2.1 millimeters, are colored dark green.

Control measures:
Lemon leaves are washed from scale insects, worms and aphids with soapy water or tobacco infusion using a toothbrush. For 1 liter of water, you need to take 50-60 g of tobacco, and insist for two days. The washing should be repeated several times. A solution of green soap with anabasine sulfate gives good results. In a liter of water, you need to dissolve 4-5 g of green soap and add 1.5-2 g of anabasine sulfate. The affected plants are washed or sprayed with this solution. After a day, the solution should be washed off; for this, the plants are washed with clean warm water. This spraying is repeated 3 times every 7 days. You can also use such solutions:

NIUIF-100 (thiophos) - 10 g per 10 liters of water; spraying with thiophos can be combined with treatment with Bordeaux liquid or superphosphate extract;

Chlorophos - from 30 to 100 g per 10 liters of water (after checking for a burn);

Scabbard on lemon leaves

BI-58 or rogor - 10 g per 10 liters of water;

Anabazine sulfate - 30 g per 10 liters of water plus 40 g of green or laundry soap;

Karbofos - 30 g per 10 liters of water;

Ethersulfonate - 30 g per 10 liters of water;

Soap-kerosene emulsion 10 g of kerosene and 5 g of soap per 1 liter of water; the solution is thoroughly mixed;

Gruel from onions (passed through a grater);

Infusion of garlic (3 medium cloves per 1 glass of water; leave for one day in a sealed container);

Spider mite infested lemon

Red, or spider mite
The pest braids the underside of the leaf, where it settles. Insects are small in size (up to 0.4 millimeters), so they are not always immediately detectable with the naked eye. The juice of the leaves is food for insects, so the leaves turn yellow and dry out prematurely. Ticks appear more often at low air humidity and high temperatures.
Control measures:
Dusting with sulfur is used against the red tick.
For the destruction of ticks, the same pesticides are used as in the fight against scale insects and worms. If there are no pesticides, you can spray the plants daily with a strong jet. cold water, especially the underside of the leaves.

Indoor lemon diseases: causes and treatment

Many vegetable growers mistakenly assume that a houseplant will not be exposed to diseases and pests at home. However, a lemon that grows at home is still a plant. Therefore, the risk of a disease or a tick still exists. Don't panic ahead of time. In this article, we will tell you what lemon diseases exist and how to deal with them.

Causes of disease in homemade lemon

There are many reasons for the disease in a houseplant. The main ones are:

poor quality soil;
inoculum;
containers that have already been used before;
weakened immunity due to improper watering, air temperature, fertilization, lighting, pruning;
weakened immunity caused by a previous illness;
spores, various viruses and bacteria getting into during the summer airing period;
viruses and bacteria that got into the apartment "thanks" to insects;
mite.

There are many other reasons as well. However, they are less common.

Harmful insects for indoor lemon

The main pest of citrus fruits is aphids. It destroys the leaves of the plant, then spreads to the branches of the tree. At the same time, the aphid chooses the youngest and most delicate leaves. What does a pest look like?

This insect is small in size, has a light green color. First, the pest attacks the inside of the leaves, which is why it is so difficult to spot it at an early stage of infection. Then the insect along the branch captures the entire plant. The first sign of aphid infestation is the curling of the homemade lemon leaves. An insect can get on citrus from another houseplant, such as fuchsia.

This culture is a favorite delicacy of aphids. You can hurt a lemon by bringing wildflowers home. The pest can hide in the soil, and they suffer from it different cultures... Therefore, taking untested soil after other plants or even another lemon, you run the risk of completely ruining the indoor tree.

However, do not immediately give up on the plant. The success of the fight depends on how quickly you identify the disease. If the pest did not have time to spread far, then it will be enough to cut off the infected branches and crush the pests.

Many gardeners use folk methods. For example, garlic infusion is excellent for pest control. Use eight heads of garlic to make it. They should be pre-cleaned and ground. Ready mix stir with water in a ten-liter bucket and leave for one day.

The infusion will be ready after you drain it.
If aphids appear due to poor-quality soil, then soil replacement will be required. Before that, you need to prepare the plant. Place the lemon in a contact insecticide solution or garlic infusion. However, this time the concentration of the drug should be half as much as in the fight against aphids.

Another pest of homemade lemon is the scale insect.

In this state, he cannot resist bacterial and viral diseases. However, there is a right for this insect. As with aphids, garlic water, insecticides, and a soap solution are great. The soap infusion is prepared as follows: two tablespoons liquid soap dilute in a liter of water. Then treat the infected leaves with this drug. After sixty minutes, rinse the lemon thoroughly. It is recommended to repeat the procedure after two or three days.

Spider mite

An ordinary spider mite can also kill a plant. He also likes to eat young citrus leaves. The main feature of the pest is the characteristic cobweb on the leaves of the plant. Very often spider mites appear on crops growing in dry air.

Spider mites are afraid of moisture. Use a 1% boric acid solution to control the tick. Most often, one spraying is enough to kill the tick. However, if the tick does not give up, then repeat the procedure four or five times. An interesting fact is that pest control is equal to the procedure for preventing viral diseases.

Viral and bacterial diseases

Sooty fungus

Some of these diseases are treated quickly and painlessly for the plant. However, there are diseases that are difficult or impossible to treat. Such a disease is a sooty fungus, which greatly weakens the plant, leading to drying out and weakening in growth. You can recognize the disease by the ash bloom on the leaves. It is not difficult to cure the plant. You need to rinse it with warm water using a dish sponge. It is recommended to ventilate the area where the lemon was located before placing it back.

Another disease is scab. It affects the leaves and branches of the plant. Scab is characterized by the appearance of spots on the leaves of lemon, which gradually darken and become soft. The diseased areas of the lemon rot and fall off. The disease is carried by wind or insects. The fight against the virus must begin with preventive measures. IN spring treat the culture with a 2% solution of copper sulfate. If the disease does appear, immediately destroy the affected areas of the plant. Treat the rest with Bordeaux solution.

Wart

Another fungal disease that can infect indoor lemon is wart. Judging by the name, you can determine the main symptom of the disease. The fact is that growths are formed on the leaves of the culture. However, they are not at all as harmless as they might seem. The fungus depletes the plant and destroys future crops. The methods of fighting are the same as with scab.

Root rot

Infection is much more difficult to cope with. The most common lemon diseases are gommosis and root rot. The first infection is characterized by rotting and cracking of the tree bark. In this case, you need to water the culture with warm water.

The main purpose of root rot is evident from the name. The infection affects the roots of the plant. If the lemon leaves wither, the branches dry out, and the leaves begin to fall off prematurely, then this root rot... The infection control measures are as follows. Remove the tree from the container and remove the soil from the roots. We sterilize the affected soil. Pour new soil into the container.

We cut off the rotten areas with a knife. Place the root system of the lemon in a solution of potassium permanganate for about sixty minutes. Further, the plant is removed from the solution and slightly dried. Process the cut points wood ash... Then we plant the treated plant in a new growing place. However, the work did not end there. You need to keep a close eye on the lemon and fertilize it constantly.

So, we have listed the main lemon diseases, and also told what their treatment is. Lemon pests are no longer afraid of you.

Fighting diseases of indoor home lemon

Homemade lemon, like any other citrus crop, is susceptible to many diseases. These can be infectious, viral, fungal diseases, as well as diseases resulting from improper plant care.

Diseases of indoor lemon often occur due to a lack of trace elements. For example, if citrus is deficient in nitrogen, small, light yellow spots appear on its leaves. With a lack of phosphorus, the leaf plate grows dull, and its edges dry out. If the tree does not have enough iron, a light green mesh appears on its leaves; if there is a lack of manganese or boron, the ovaries fall off. To prevent this, you should regularly apply mineral and organic fertilizers. In this case, it is important to observe the dosage, since an excess of fertilizers also negatively affects the condition of this plant.

Diseases of lemon at home and their photos

Most often, weakened trees are susceptible to diseases, therefore it is important when growing a lemon to create all the necessary conditions for its full development, to carry out proper care, to carry out regular, thorough examinations. The fight against lemon diseases should be carried out when the first signs appear. From a diseased individual, it is required to cut off all affected parts so that they do not weaken the tree.

The most dangerous diseases of homemade lemons:

For the prevention and elimination of pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases, the biofungicide "Fitosporin" is recommended, which is watered and sprayed with citrus.

Gommosis often affects leaves and fruits. Brown spots appear on the leaves, which grow over time. On affected fruits, the skin darkens and coarsens. The pulp softens, rots and takes on an unpleasant odor.

It is quite difficult to treat this disease. Sick areas are cleaned and treated with a solution of copper sulfate. After that, the tree is removed from the soil, its roots are cleaned and transplanted into fresh soil. Diseased bark and wood are cut out, all cleanings are burned.

Scab and other diseases of lemon leaves

The affected lemon parts must be collected and burned. Change the soil. In the spring, before the swelling of the kidneys, all diseased branches are removed. The tree is sprayed with mineral fertilizers. For this, urea (10%), ammonium nitrate (10%), nitroammofoska (10%), calcium chloride (70%) are used. The drug "Strobilin" is effective in the fight against scab.

Sooty fungus

It appears on the leaves, later on the branches and trunk in the form of a dark bloom. This disease slows down the growth of the plant, interferes with its normal development.

Wart

Wart is one of the diseases of lemons that occurs in indoor conditions. Young shoots, fruits and leaves are attacked by a pathogenic fungus.

Root rot on lemon

Root rot on lemon is not noticeable until intensive leaf fall begins. When this sign appears, the tree is dug up and the root system is examined. If there are lesions, they are removed with a sharp knife. After that, the citrus is transplanted into fresh soil and placed in a bright place. The next few days do not water. Wipe the leaves with a damp cloth.

Sometimes, when root rot appears, dark brown spots appear on the trunk, through which dirt seeps. Over time, the bark dries up and dies off.

Photos of the above diseases of indoor lemon can be seen below:

Lemon viral diseases

Homemade lemon diseases such as citrus cancer, leaf mosaic and tristeza are viral.

For the prevention of citrus cancer, the tree is treated with a liquid copper fungicide in spring.

Leaf mosaic is recognized by light, sometimes dark green stripes or streaks on the leaves. It leads to deformation of the leaf plate, as well as to a slowdown in tree growth. It is not subject to treatment. With good care and regular feeding, it becomes less pronounced.

Tristeza - leads to drying out and leaf fall. With a strong defeat, branches, bark and whole trees die off. It is not subject to treatment.

Lemon disease - sticky leaves

Quite often, citrus owners are faced with deformation, drying and falling of its leaves.

Lemon leaf diseases occur for a variety of reasons. It can be a lack of nutrients, poor care, pest damage, tree disease.

In some cases, citrus leaves become sticky. The sticky lemon leaves look like they've been sprinkled with syrup. Such a disease, as a rule, is caused by a scabbard that has settled on a tree. If measures to combat this pest are not taken in a timely manner, soot fungus may develop in the sticky liquid. To eliminate sticky plaque, the leaves are wiped with a solution of transformer oil (6 ml per 1 liter of water). After 5-7 days, re-treatment is carried out. The solution not only effectively removes sticky plaque, but also destroys a young scale insect that has not yet been covered with a protective shell. If the treatment is not carried out, the plant will die.

You can use another method of treating the tree. In the warm season, citrus is sprayed with karbofos or tobacco solution. To completely eliminate the disease, 2-3 such treatments are required with an interval of 7-10 days.

The characteristic signs of lemon diseases are presented in the following photos:

Indoor lemon diseases

Room lemon - a living creature, therefore, he may have problems. The troubles that happen with lemon can be divided into three groups: improper care, pests, diseases.

Failure to comply with the rules of plant care (watering, lighting, temperature, lack of nutrition, transplanting and disturbance of the pH balance of the soil). With insufficient watering, the tree dries up, with excessive watering, yellowness of the leaves appears and the root system decays.

The lack of one or another trace element can be determined visually. With a lack of iron, the leaf, which has a rich green color, first becomes "speckled" (alternating green and yellow spots), then fades, turns yellow and dries up.

With a lack of phosphorus, the leaves acquire an earthy-rusty color, the tips of the leaves dry out. With a lack of potassium, the leaves wrinkle, forming "wrinkles" and folds.

With a lack of manganese and boron, the ovaries crumble. Correcting the situation is much more difficult than watering a lemon in time with special fertilizers for citrus fruits.

Lemon pests and how to deal with them

Shields and false shields (the larvae are hidden by a dark brown shield). If they are present, the leaves fall off, the branches dry out, the plant slowly dies. Pests must be cleaned off (with a toothbrush or a sharp stick), washed with a lemon with a soapy emulsion. You will learn about another way to combat these pests from the video.

Spider mite (citrus red mite). The larvae are located on the underside of the leaf; in this case, the leaf is shrouded in cobwebs, which gradually envelop the entire plant. The leaves become discolored, dry up and fall off, flowers and fruits are damaged. Spider mites are more likely to appear in dry indoor air. In case of spider mite infestation, lemon can be sprayed with 0.15% Aktelika solution. Spraying will have to be repeated three times with an interval of 10 days.

Mealybug (larvae and females feed on the entire aerial part). If they are present, sticky secretions of the worm appear on the surface of the leaves, later the leaves dry out, spots and cracks form on the fruits. Fruits, not ripe, fall off. The plant must be periodically examined and mechanically destroyed the larvae and females of the mealybug.

Citrus aphid (small insects of black or yellow-green color). The tops of young shoots are paralyzed. If they are found, the lemon should be sprayed with a 0.15% Aktelika solution. Spraying will have to be repeated three times with an interval of 10 days. To prevent aphids from appearing, you can put a pot of fragrant geraniums next to the lemon.

Thrips (look like a black line on the leaves, so small). They shit more than they suck the juices from the plant, they can fly, they spread viruses. To destroy them, you need to wash the tree from the shower (cover the soil with a film) and treat it with a soapy emulsion.

Whitefly (white small moth). Larvae of greenish-white color are located on the lower part of the leaves. Getting rid of them is quite problematic. In this case, the lemon is sprayed with insecticides at least 5 times every 3 days.

Diseases of indoor lemon and how to treat them

Indoor lemons can contract many diseases caused by fungi, viruses, bacteria and mycoplasmas. The result of their impact is a variety of spots, ulcers, rot, wilting, growths, growths, etc. Harmful microorganisms are spread by insects, water drops during spraying and irrigation, wind.

Symptoms of infection of indoor lemons by bacteria and fungi are similar, but with an infection caused by fungi, along with increasing spots on them, fungal spores are visible - gray bloom, brown pustules or black sporulation dots.

Diseases most often appear on weakened plants, so proper care for lemons at home, pest control, cutting out the affected parts of the plant, and processing the sections (you can use activated carbon) are important. It is better to immediately remove all flowers, buds and fruits from a diseased lemon so that they do not weaken the plant.

To suppress many pathogens and for prophylaxis, it is effective to use the biological product "Fitosporin" (the drug is not toxic, odorless). They are sprayed and added to water for irrigation according to the instructions. You can spray 2-3 times with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid.

Anthracnose - the most common lemon disease, caused by a pathogenic fungus. With anthracnose, buds fall off, leaves turn yellow and fall, reddish spots appear on the fruits, branches die off. It is necessary to cut off dead shoots and carry out the treatment described above.

Scab (citrus wart) is also a common disease of a fungal nature. In this case, small transparent yellowish spots appear on young leaves, turning into pink-gray warts. Warts grow over time, forming a growth, and later the shoot dies. The fruits appear orange spotsincreasing in size, they become red-brown in color, the ovaries fall off. The affected parts of the plant must be cut off and burned, the lemon crown should be sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid.

Gomoz (gum flow) is manifested by longitudinal brown-red spots on the branches and trunk of the lemon. The bark in these places gradually dies off, a gummy golden liquid flows out of the cracks, which freezes in air.

There may be several reasons for this disease: buried planting of seedlings, not disinfected soil, lack of drainage, excess nitrogen, lack of phosphorus and potassium, mechanical damage, too high humidity.

To treat homoz it is necessary to find out the cause of the disease and eliminate it. The lesions on the trunk must be cleaned with a sharp knife, cutting out the affected areas, disinfected with a 3% solution of copper sulphate and cover the wounds with garden pitch. It is recommended to treat the wound several times until it is completely healed. It is better to cut and burn the affected thin branches.

Sooty fungus can settle on lemon when infected with scale insects, mealybugs. In order for it not to appear, it is necessary to deal with pests in a timely manner.

Inspect lemons more often so you can spot pests and diseases early. The measures taken in time will not do much harm to the lemon.

The video below shows another way to deal with scabbards

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Lemon disease

Lemon trees, like other indoor plants, can be affected by viral and infectious diseases and pests.

Although this does not happen often, it is better to know what lemon diseases exist, how they affect the external condition of the plant, and what are the methods of their treatment. We will find out which viruses and infectious diseases affect the indoor lemon, which pests can attack it, and what to do in such cases.

Why does lemon get sick

Lemon is easily exposed to diseases and attacks of pests and viruses in the following cases:

If he did not manage to get stronger after recovering from other diseases.
If he is provided with unimportant care: contaminated soil, poor lighting, illiterate pruning, insufficient soil fertilization, improper watering, etc.
If a virus or pathogenic bacteria brought insects or a diseased stalk during grafting.

Viruses and bacteria can get on the plant when the room is ventilated, but this happens quite rarely.

Most often viruses, bacteria and pests infect the leaves indoor lemon... However, if the lemon drops fruits and leaves, the reason for this may be a lack of trace elements:

If the light leaves have a pronounced network of green veins, the lemon needs manganese, zinc or iron. Another reason is disturbances in soil pH.
If an adult leaf loses its gloss, dries at the ends and turns reddish-brown, the plant lacks phosphorus.

Why does lemon shed its leaves

If pale yellow specks appear on the leaf, and it turns yellow and dull over time, this indicates a lack of nitrogen.
If grooves appear between the veins of the leaves, the lemon needs potassium dressing.
If the plant sheds ovaries, it urgently needs manganese.

Too frequent feeding is not useful for the plant. If leaves fall on a lemon, what to do in this case? Wait a little with feeding and evaluate the correctness of care: suddenly you are doing something wrong.

Indoor lemon viral diseases

We will learn about three viral diseases in which lemon sheds leaves: why they often lead to the death of the plant, and whether they can be cured:

Sheet mosaic

Having got sick with it, the leaves are covered with dark or light strokes in the form of a mosaic, lose their shape. The growth of the tree slows down noticeably.

This disease cannot be cured by any means, but symptoms can be reduced by regularly fertilizing the soil and providing the plant with proper care. If you have other lemons, it is better to destroy the plant infected with the virus as soon as possible.

Citrus Cancer

When infected with this virus, brown spots appear on foliage and fruits. When the form is neglected, the leaf falls off, the lemons acquire an ugly shape and a little later the tree dies.

It is impossible to cure citrus cancer: to prevent it in the spring, we treat the plant with a liquid copper fungicide.

Tristeza

Having picked up tristeza, the lemon loses its foliage, the bark or twigs die off on it. The plant dies - it cannot be cured.

Viruses most often infect weakened lemons that are poorly cared for.

Lemon diseases: description and treatment

Fungal and infectious diseases of indoor lemon

Consider the main diseases of lemons, which are fungal and infectious in nature, their symptoms and methods of treatment.

Most often, indoor lemons are affected by the following fungi and infections:

Gomoz

When homosed, the branches and trunk of the plant are covered with elongated spots of a red-brown hue, under which the bark quickly dies and cracks. The cracks ooze with a sticky, golden and fast-setting substance.

Causes of homoz: excessive humidity in the room, cuts or breaks in the bark, deficiency of phosphorus and potassium, excess nitrogen fertilizers, diseased soil or deep burial of the trunk.

How is homoz treated? We cut off all the spots from the bark of the trunk, process the cuts with a 3% solution and use a putty from a garden varnish. We repeat the treatment until the spots on the bark of the trunk stop forming. If branches are covered with spots, cut them off entirely and destroy them.

Anthracnose

This is a fungal disease in which leaves fall from a lemon, and many do not know what to do with this. First, the leaf turns yellow, then flies, as well as the buds. The branches of the plant gradually die off, and red spots appear on the lemons.

To get rid of the fungus, destroy the dead branches and spray the lemon with Phytosporin or a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid. We spray three times.

Scab

Another fungal disease of indoor lemons is scab, in which young leaves become covered with transparent yellowish specks, gradually turning into pink-gray growths. Spreading over the leaf, these growths destroy it along with the shoots. Fruits with scab are covered with orange spots, eventually turning red-brown. In this case, the lemon drops the fruit.

In order not to destroy the whole plant, we cut off and destroy all the affected parts of the plant, and spray the crown with one percent Bordeaux liquid.

Melseco

With melseco, the lemon shoots dry up, the foliage falls off, starting from the tips of the branches, and the cut of the branch turns red.

Poor lighting is to blame for this lemon disease: in winter, the plant did not have enough light, and it was not supplemented.

There is no cure for melseco: we observe the plant, and if it continues to hurt, we destroy it.

Root rot

If the lemon abruptly drops the leaf, dig it up and examine the roots. Having found rotten roots, we cut them off and transplant the lemon into a new disinfected soil.

We put the transplanted plant on a light windowsill, and avoid watering for a week, just wipe the leaves with damp gauze or a sponge.

Indoor lemon pests

In addition to infectious and viral diseases, indoor lemons are affected by harmful insects. We will find out which pests are attacked by a lemon grown at home, and how to deal with them.

Shield

Scale larvae settle on the underside of the leaves and subsequently move to outside... The plant withers, dries up, quickly picks up viruses and infections.

To get rid of the scabbard, we use a special insecticide or soap solution, for which we dilute 2 tbsp in water (1 liter). any liquid soap. Moisten all areas affected by insects with soapy water. We wait one hour, rinse the plant under the shower and repeat the treatment after a couple of days.

Indoor lemon pests

Common aphid

Colonies of light green aphids usually settle on young shoots that are not overgrown with bark. First, they attack the bottom of the leaf, then go upstairs, simultaneously sucking the juices. The foliage collapses and dies.

If there are few aphids, we cut off the affected shoots and destroy them together with insects, after which we feed the plant with complex fertilizer. If the aphid has covered most of the indoor lemon, spray the tree with insecticide or garlic infusion, for which we peel 4 heads of garlic and soak them in 5 liters for 24 hours. After we filter.

Spider mite

Young twigs and leaves are often affected by this insect. The foliage curls up and a spider web appears around it. In the appearance spider mite the lack of air humidity is to blame.

To get rid of insects, we spray the tree with a 1% solution of boric acid, performing the procedure four times.

Root aphid

Unlike ordinary aphids, root aphids found in infected soil affect the roots.

To destroy it, we transplant the lemon into disinfected soil by treating the roots with a contact insecticide or a weak garlic tincture.

In many sources, you can find advice on processing lemon with an alcohol solution - this is strictly prohibited. Lemon is intolerant to alcohol.

As you can see, lemon diseases are numerous and sometimes very serious: some lead to the death of the plant. To protect it from misfortunes, plant the plant only in disinfected soil, give it a regular shower and wipe the foliage and branches with wet gauze, treat the crown with soapy water once a month, and often inspect the tree for infection with diseases or insects.

Lemon: diseases and their treatment

Diseases of indoor lemon can be of fungal, viral and bacterial origin. They are spread through insects, water droplets when watering and spraying. It is important to remember: healthy plant less susceptible to disease than weakened. That is why at home it is simply necessary to provide the flower with proper care and microclimate. The main thing in flower treatment is correct and timely diagnosis, adequate actions to eliminate the disease. So, indoor lemon diseases, their description with a photo, effective treatment from specialists.

Typical diseases of indoor lemon and their treatment

Why do lemon leaves turn yellow and curl? Why does the plant shed its leaves? Why are lemon leaves covered with black spots? The reason may be improper care, lack of trace elements or flower disease. If leaves fall, then homemade lemon may lack lighting, it has been poured. Leaves of a lemon fall if the air in the room where it is located is dry, or the horse system is disturbed.

Most often, lemon leaves fall in the autumn-winter period, but leaf fall can be observed at any other time of the year. Main reason: unfavorable conditions. For example, a recently purchased plant may shed its leaves. The explanation is simple: in the greenhouses where it is grown, the conditions of detention differ from the microclimate in the apartment. Leaf fall is a reaction to a change in the microclimate of growth. After the purchase, the lemon must acclimatize in the new conditions, it is undesirable to transplant it, it is provided with proper care. At this time, it is important not to overflow the flower, since without leaves the process of moisture evaporation is disrupted. Experts recommend spraying more than watering; epin can be added to the solution.

Why does a lemon shed its leaves if its place of growth has not changed? Reason: lack of light... This plant belongs to the category of light-loving, that is, it needs a 12-hour day of light. In the autumn-winter period, when the length of daylight hours decreases, the plant must be illuminated with a fluorescent lamp. It is better to place the pot on the west or east side of the house, it is also possible on the south, but with the obligatory shading.

Lemon shed its leaves if a transplant was performed with full or partial soil replacement... In this case, the root system is disturbed, which is necessarily reflected in the crown. She crumbles. What to do? It is necessary to help the flower to restore the root system. To do this, watering is reduced, the flower is placed under a greenhouse ( polyethylene film), which should not touch the leaves and branches of the flower. Spraying is carried out to maintain high level humidity in the greenhouse. Every day the greenhouse is ventilated for 15 minutes to prevent condensation. Epin is added to the spraying solution once a week, and root can be added to the irrigation solution. It is not necessary to abruptly remove the greenhouse. To adapt the flower, the airing time is increased every day. The greenhouse is completely removed when new leaves appear on the lemon.

Lemon sheds leaves when cancer strikes, viral mosaic... All of these diseases are viral in nature. In most cases, in indoor growing, diseases cannot be treated, and the plant is completely discarded in order to prevent infection of other flowers.

Cancer on lemon leaves looks like irregular brown spots that dry out and crumble inside. With prolonged illness, young lemon leaves develop deformed and small. The disease cannot be treated, it can be prevented spring spraying flower with fungicides.

Leaves fall if homemade lemon strikes leaf mosaic... On the leaves, it looks like light spots of irregular shape, sometimes it spreads over the plate in the form of strokes. The mosaic is not treatable, the plant is removed in most cases.

Leaves curl in lemon if the irrigation regime is violated. This is overdrying or waterlogging of the soil. In the first case, it is necessary to water the flower with small portions of water, but avoid waterlogging of the soil in the pot. In both cases, the plant is placed under a greenhouse, where it is regularly sprayed. Waterlogging of the soil in the pot leads to root rot. Damaged roots can no longer "drink" water, and therefore the plant suffers from a moisture deficit even in waterlogged soil. In this case, watering is stopped. The lemon is taken out of the pot, while the integrity of the earthen coma cannot be violated, and wrapped in paper. The latter will draw out excess moisture from the soil. Drying in this way is carried out within 3 days, the plant must be shaded. Then the flower is returned to the pot and a greenhouse is organized for it. Watering is not carried out, much attention is paid to spraying.

Lemon leaves dry around the edges if the temperature is high and low humidity air... Optimal temperature regime for lemon +20. +23 degrees, humidity - not lower than 70%. Otherwise, the plant is sick. Very often, the leaves of a room lemon turn yellow, if in winter it is located close to heating appliances. The plant does not like dry air, and even in winter it may suffer from a lack of light. It is illuminated with a fluorescent lamp.

Leaves turn yellow and fall if a lemon infects a spider mite... In this case, the reverse side of the sheet plate will contain white bloom, and on the branches - a light, whitish cobweb. The leaves are covered with small spots. How to treat? It is necessary to wash the plant under the shower with warm water, then treat with one of the preparations Fitoverm, Vertimer (three times with an interval of 10 days) or Akarin, Neoron (4 times with an interval of 7-10 days). It is better when the affected flower is isolated from the rest of the collection.

Diseases of lemon at home can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms: fungi, viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas. In the affected individuals, various defects appear (shrinkage, deformation of fruits and leaves, spotting, growths, and others). Pathogens are spread by the wind, with the help of insects, and also through drops of water during irrigation and spraying. Most often, weakened trees are susceptible to diseases, therefore it is important when growing a lemon to create all the necessary conditions for its full development, to carry out proper care, and to carry out regular, thorough examinations. The fight against lemon diseases should be carried out when the first signs appear. From a diseased individual, it is required to cut off all affected parts so that they do not weaken the tree.

Why do lemon leaves turn yellow and curl? Why does the plant shed its leaves? Why do lemon leaves get black spots? The reason may be improper care, lack of trace elements or flower disease. If the leaves fall, then the homemade lemon may lack lighting, it was poured. Leaves of a lemon fall if the air in the room where it is located is dry, or the horse system is disturbed.

Lemon shed its leaves if a transplant was performed with full or partial soil replacement... In this case, the root system is disturbed, which is necessarily reflected in the crown. She crumbles. What to do? It is necessary to help the flower to restore the root system. To do this, watering is reduced, the flower is placed under a greenhouse (plastic wrap), which should not touch the leaves and branches of the flower. Spraying is carried out to maintain a high level of humidity in the greenhouse. Every day the greenhouse is ventilated for 15 minutes to prevent condensation. Epin is added to the spraying solution once a week, and root can be added to the irrigation solution. It is not necessary to abruptly remove the greenhouse. To adapt the flower, the airing time is increased every day. The greenhouse is completely removed when new leaves appear on the lemon.

Cancer on lemon leaves looks like irregular brown spots that dry out and crumble inside. With prolonged illness, young lemon leaves develop deformed and small. The disease cannot be treated; it can be prevented by spraying the flower with fungicides in spring.

Leaves curl in lemon if the irrigation regime is violated. This is overdrying or waterlogging of the soil. In the first case, it is necessary to water the flower with small portions of water, but avoid waterlogging of the soil in the pot. In both cases, the plant is placed under a greenhouse, where it is regularly sprayed. Waterlogging of the soil in the pot leads to root rot. Damaged roots can no longer "drink" water, and therefore the plant suffers from moisture deficiency even in waterlogged soil. In this case, watering is stopped. The lemon is taken out of the pot, while the integrity of the earthen coma cannot be violated, and wrapped in paper. The latter will draw out excess moisture from the soil. Drying in this way is carried out within 3 days, the plant must be shaded. Then the flower is returned to the pot and a greenhouse is organized for it. Watering is not carried out, much attention is paid to spraying.

Lemon leaves dry at the edges if the room temperature is high and humidity is low... The optimal temperature regime for lemon is +20 ... + 23 degrees, humidity is not lower than 70%. Otherwise, the plant is sick. Very often, the leaves of a room lemon turn yellow, if in winter it is located close to heating appliances. The plant does not like dry air, and even in winter it may suffer from a lack of light. It is illuminated with a fluorescent lamp.

Leaves turn yellow and fall if a lemon infects a spider mite... In this case, a white bloom will be present on the back of the leaf plate, and a light, whitish cobweb will be present on the branches. The leaves are covered with small spots. How to treat? It is necessary to wash the plant in a shower with warm water, then treat it with one of the preparations Fitoverm, Vertimer (three times with an interval of 10 days) or Akarin, Neoron (4 times with an interval of 7-10 days). It is better when the affected flower is isolated from the rest of the collection.

Infectious and fungal diseases of lemon

Lemons and other citrus fruits grown on plantations are most often affected. Often, even professionals cannot determine the cause, but in indoor conditions with a real danger, the plant is extremely rare, but every gardener should know about the precautions and methods of treatment. Among the variety of lemon diseases, it is worth highlighting pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mycoplasmas. The result is build-up, wilting, rot, sores, and mottling. Insects are the main vectors of these pathogens, but lemon can also be infected by spraying, airing, and even watering. The signs of fungal diseases and diseases associated with bacteria are quite similar, but when affected by fungi, spores can be found in the form of gray plaque, black dots or brown pustules. Consider the most common indoor lemon diseases.

Anthracnose

Anthracnose occurs most often and is caused by a pathogenic fungus. Symptoms of the disease are expressed by dropping and yellowing of foliage, dropping of buds, the appearance of reddish spots on the fruits and the death of branches. To stop the disease, it is necessary to get rid of dead shoots, spray with Fitosporin. This drug is used for the prevention and treatment of many diseases, it is odorless and non-toxic, suitable for use in residential premises. You can also add the product to the water for irrigation according to the instructions on the label. A 1% solution of Bordeaux spray liquid is also effective. It is necessary to process the plant two to three times.

Scab

Scab, or so-called wart, is also a common problem caused by fungus. Small transparent yellowish spots appear on young leaves, later they turn into gray-pink warts. Over time, they grow and mutate into a growth, after which the shoots die. The disease also affects fruits, on which orange spots appear, increasing in size and acquiring a red-brown color. As a result, the ovaries invariably fall off. Be sure to cut and burn the affected areas of the lemon, spray the crown with Bordeaux liquid 1%.

Gomoz

Gomoz in homemade lemon is manifested by gum flow - these are brown red longitudinal spots on the trunk and branches. In these places, the bark soon dies off and a gummy substance of golden color appears from the cracks, freezes in air. Among the most common causes of illness are - high humidity air, mechanical damage, lack of potassium and phosphorus, excess nitrogen, not disinfected soil or too deep planting of seedlings. Treatment requires determining the cause of the disease, even with a sharp knife, the affected areas on the trunk are removed. A solution of copper sulfate 3% is used to disinfect wounds, which at the final stage are covered with garden varnish. This procedure must be repeated several times until the plant is completely healed. Branches affected by homozy are cut and burned. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to water the plant with warm water, and when planting, do not deepen the root collar into the ground, otherwise, the risk of trunk decay increases.

Melseco

Melseko is an infectious disease manifested by the drying out of shoots. More often this problem occurs in plants grown on plantations, it happens in the spring. In the period from autumn to spring, the disease can also manifest itself in homemade lemon. The leaves of the plant gradually fall, starting from the ends of the branches. On the cut, the wood will have a reddish color, the petioles will remain on the branches during the leaves fall. According to this scheme, the leaves also fall off when insufficient lighting in the winter, so don't panic right away. There is no definitive way to eliminate this disease.

Sooty fungus

Sooty fungus is often the result of a mealybug or scale attack on a lemon. Timely inspect the plant for pests and take the steps outlined below in the pest section below.

Root rot

Root rot does not visually manifest itself until the plant begins to shed its foliage intensively. The first step is to dig up the lemon and examine the root system. If there are affected areas, they must be cut off with a sharp knife and the plant is transplanted into new soil. Place the lemon in a well-lit area and do not water for several days, just wipe the leaves with a damp cloth. Sometimes brown spots with root rot appear on the trunk, a dirty substance seeps through them, after which the bark dies off.

Lemon viral diseases

Viral diseases of lemon include tristeza, leaf mosaic and citrus cancer. The latter is characterized by brown spots on fruits and leaves. If the disease is not detected in time, foliage begins to fall and deformation of the fruit begins. Over time, the plant dies, there is no cure. Prevention involves treating the plant with a liquid copper fungicide every spring. Leaf mosaic appears in the form of light or dark streaks or stripes on the foliage, over time, the leaves deform, the tree begins to grow very slowly. There is no cure, but symptoms can be reduced with regular feeding and strict adherence to citrus care requirements. With tristesis, the foliage dries up and falls off, the bark, branches or even a whole tree soon die off, there is no cure.

Treatment of diseases caused by a fungus or infection will be successful if the problem is detected early. Viral diseases cannot be treated, but in some cases it is possible to delay the death of a plant and mask the signs of pathology. Most often, weak plants are infected, the conditions of which do not meet the requirements. It is necessary to cut out the affected areas of the lemon in a timely manner and control pests. Sections can be treated with activated carbon. As soon as the tree is sick, remove all fruits, buds and flowers so that they do not take all the strength from the plant.

Lemon pests

Insects are the main carrier of infections and fungal spores, therefore, it is necessary to carry out prevention, and if they do hit the lemon, promptly eliminate them mechanically and begin treatment. Citrus fruits have both personal pests and those that attack other plants. The first ones get into an apartment with poor-quality soil or grafting material. The plant most often infects aphids, and then we will talk about it and about other dangerous pests.

Common aphid

Aphid control can have different scales depending on the number of pests on the plant. If there are not many of them, it is enough to cut off the affected leaves and branches and crush the insects, then fertilize the lemon with unscheduled complex feeding. If the infection is large, use insecticides (diazmnon). Spraying with garlic infusion is also effective. Clean 8 heads, crush them and soak in a bucket of water for 24 hours. Decant the product before using it.

Root aphid

Shield

This pest settles on a plant in the form of a larva, which becomes immobile, reaching adulthood. You can find an insect on the lower part of the leaf vein; over time, the scale becomes covered with a waxy coating. With excessive damage, insects move to the outside of the foliage, the tree dries out, becomes weak and susceptible to infection by other viral or bacterial diseases... Garlic water and insecticides are also effective against the scale insect; soapy water can be used. You can prepare the latter according to the following recipe - dilute 2 tablespoons of liquid soap in a liter of water and treat the affected areas of the plant with the mixture. After an hour, rinse the lemon in the shower and repeat the procedure after 2 days.

Spider mite

This pest loves to attack foliage and young shoots; it can be detected by the curled leaves around which a characteristic cobweb hangs. A key prerequisite for the emergence of a spider mite is a very dry environment. To combat it, it is necessary to spray the diseased plant with a solution of boric acid 1%. Even a single procedure is sufficient, but ideally it is necessary to repeat the spraying 4 times.

Prevention

Protecting your plant from ticks and insects, you are preventing infectious, viral and fungal diseases, since many pathogens penetrate the lemon tissue from the saliva of the scabbard or aphids. Prevention involves the following measures.

Rinse the branches and leaves of the tree at least once a month. Insulate the soil with foil and place the plant under the shower. Treat the crown with the same frequency with soapy foam.
Examine the purchased plants carefully and do not place them next to indoor plants for 2 weeks.
Inspect the tree regularly for affected areas during watering.