How to cure citrus from cadmium. Causes of home lemon disease and their treatment

It must be remembered that this is a fairly tender plant, which can cause a wide variety of diseases.
There are many different diseases that can affect citrus fruits. In this article, we will examine the various viral diseases of lemons and their symptoms. Viral diseases manifest themselves as spots on the leaves of lemons and tangerines, slowing the growth and development of plants or dying of the bark.
And while it is still possible to cure infectious diseases and parasites, unfortunately, there is no cure for viral diseases.

Causes of Lemon Viral Diseases

First of all, it is worthwhile to understand how lemon infection occurs. This will fix the errors in the content of your tree and prevent re-infection.

Among the causes leading to diseases, the following can be distinguished:
- Weak plant immunity after illnesses previously suffered by it;
- illiterate content (improper watering, pruning, temperature conditions, lack of light and mineral nutrition);
- low quality soil;
- location next to other diseased plants;
- insects that can carry various viruses;
- summer airing, as a result of which various viruses or fungi can be introduced (but the probability of this is very small).

Unfortunately, almost all viral diseases of lemons are incurable. Therefore, if you notice the symptoms of one of them, it is best to get rid of the diseased plant as soon as possible.

Consider possible citrus viral diseases.

Psoriasis a, or xylopsorosis

Xylopsorosis virus is a dangerous virus that infects the bark of lemon stems. It can be in a latent (i.e. at rest) state for about 10 years. Therefore, you may not even realize that your plant is infected with this virus.
Symptomatically, this disease resembles hommosis, so novice citrus growers rarely manage to identify it in their lemons.

Xylopsorosis in appearance is identical to simple hommosis, but this is very dangerous for the plant

Xylopsorosis is not treatable, so you will have to get rid of the infected lemon.

Tristeza

This disease is caused by the Tristez virus of the same name. In the infected tree, the trunk bark dies. It affects the entire plant. Young trees under the age of 5 years are most susceptible to this disease.
The virus infects the entire plant. The initial symptoms of this disease are growth retardation and shredding of the fruit.

Growing citrus fruits at home is not an easy task. Unfortunately, the lemon tree, like other types of citrus, grown in pots on window sills, is prone to various diseases. What are the most common homemade lemon diseases? How to determine if a tree is sick? What measures to take to treat the plant?

Like any other plant in the citrus family, homemade lemon is susceptible to various diseases. It can be both viral, bacterial and fungal infections, and diseases as a result of exposure to pests.

Infectious

According to flower growers, the most common infectious diseases characteristic of indoor citrus fruits are:

Gummosis

It appears in the form of reddish-brown longitudinal shape of spots on the branches and trunk of a lemon. Gradually the death of the bark occurs. From the cracks a sticky substance of a golden hue is released, which solidifies upon contact with fresh air. Treatment: it is necessary to cut off all affected areas (branches are removed completely), treat the resulting wounds with a 3% solution of copper sulfate and cover with garden var. The causes of the disease can be high humidity, an excess of nitrogen, a lack of phosphorus and potassium, as well as mechanical damage.

Root rot

Lemon began to drop leaves sharply, but at the same time there are no external signs of the disease? Dig a plant and carefully examine its root, it may be root rot. It is necessary to remove all damaged areas, and put on a sunny windowsill, temporarily limiting watering.

Fungal

Most room lemon suffers from fungal infections, among which are:

sooty fungus (leaves and branches are covered with plaque in the form of ashes);
scab (putrefactive spots on leaves, fruits and branches);
wartiness (seals similar to warts);
anthracnose (and falling leaves, dying branches, the appearance of red spots on the fruit).

Viral

Unfortunately, a homemade lemon affected by a viral infection cannot be cured. With proper care, you can only extend the life of the plant. The main diseases of a viral nature include:

tristeza (the disease affects the leaves, then the bark, branches and completely covers the whole tree);
leaf mosaic (manifests itself in the form of stripes or strokes of dark and light colors on foliage, subsequently leads to deformation of leaflets and halt the development of the tree)
citrus cancer (the first signs are brown spots of different shapes and sizes on the leaves and fruits of the tree).

Pests

The danger of insects is that they not only damage the plant, but also are active carriers of various infections.

Common aphid

It affects the root system of a room tree. He gets into an apartment with already contaminated soil. It will take a tree transplant into a new one and subsequent treatment with a contact insecticide solution.

Spider mite

Have you noticed that the leaves began to curl and a spider web forms around them? A spider mite has settled on your plant. Starts in rooms with insufficient humidity. A solution of 1% boric acid will help get rid of this pest. It will take from 1 to 5 abundant sprays.

Shield

Preventive measures and treatment

Often the cause of the disease is the lack of proper. To prevent any disease, you should familiarize yourself with the contents of indoor lemon. And remember: any ailment is easier to prevent than to eliminate later.

The treatment regimen of an indoor tree directly depends on the type of lemon disease. Viral, bacterial and fungal infections manifest themselves in different ways and have varying degrees of danger.

An excellent microbiological preparation related to the products of the new generation is considered to be Fitosporin-M. The tool is used for preventive purposes, and also has high effectiveness in the fight against pathogens of various bacterial and fungal infections. Non-addictive, odorless, non-toxic, can be used at home. Used for spraying and watering (it is necessary to breed the drug according to the instructions).

The main preventive measures for the care of indoor lemon include:

daily inspection;
organization of competent care and maintenance of citrus tree;
a new plant or tree that has recently been ill should be isolated for some time from other indoor flowers;
“bathe” lemon weekly (the soil is pre-coated with plastic wrap, after which the tree is watered abundantly from the shower);
do crown treatment with soapy foam every month.

Video "Diseases and pests of lemon"

From this video you will learn about what diseases and pests are dangerous for lemon and how to treat it.

Fungal disease, development is favored by heavy and constantly moist soil. The disease affects the roots and bark of the root necks, the bark becomes loose and dies.

With an annular girth of root necks with rot, the plant dies.

Treatment:Shrunken and damaged shoots should be cut, shorten healthy branches by 2/3. Clean, disinfect and gloss over the wounds on the root neck. Blur a lump of earth under a stream of water, inspect the root system and cut off all the darkened roots. Then you need to transplant the plant into fresh soil, improve its aeration, minimizing watering.

Metabolic disorders in the body of the plant. Matured, active leaves lose chlorophyll, changing their usual green color to yellow.

Young leaves develop, unnatural yellow color and often without ripening, crumble. The dehydration of plant tissues prevents the formation of chlorophyll. With a severe lack of moisture, the destruction of chlorophyll occurs, premature yellowing of the leaves, which happens with prolonged drought or poor soil aeration. The spread of the disease contributes to the heating of waterlogged soil in the summer to 40- 50 S.

A fungal disease of citrus that damages all parts of a plant. In the affected areas of the root neck, stump, branches, deep, longitudinal cracks appear, from which an amber-colored gum stands out. As it dries, it becomes glassy, \u200b\u200bwith the ingress of moisture gelatinous and washed off.

The disease progresses in areas unprotected by the bark, through which moisture enters the wood for a long time.

In the picture, the branches of the lemon are affected by melanosis, the places where the branches cut were in contact with moisture and wood. From the affected areas, the gum was washed off by the rains, the arrow shows the not washed off gum.

Young vegetative leaves are deformed, their tissues grow unevenly. Convex dark green, coarse gum-filled, irregularly shaped spots appear on the leaves.

Lemon leaf affected by melanosis. On a light green background with yellow, dark green spots are clearly visible.

Diseases contribute to prolonged rainfall with lowering air temperatures below + 20 +С. Permanently moist and poorly drained soil.

The fruits lose their presentation, in places of their contact with moisture, a gray, rough coating appears.

It is clearly visible on the green fruits of a lemon.

On ripened fruits, plaque is almost invisible, the disease does not affect the taste of the fetus.

The surface of green fruits damaged by melanosis was covered with a gray coating.

Treatment:provide good drainage and aeration of the soil, limit the ingress of moisture on the leaves and crown of plants at ambient temperatures below 20 ° C. Remove dried up heavily affected shoots and branches. If the lesion sites are not large, cut to healthy wood, wounds should be treated with fungicide.

Fungal disease, affects the lower part of the citrus trunks. Longitudinal cracks appear on the cortex, from which gum stands out. The bark in the affected areas does not soften. The disease progresses at temperatures above + 30 ° C, excess moisture and poor aeration of the soil, deep planting and often an excess of nitrogen fertilizers contribute to the development.

The root neck of a lemon is partially affected by gummosis. Its main part is healthy, the plant can be cured. The cause of the disease was a deep planting, 7 cm deeper than that.

Fixed stuck to the surface of the plant, an insect, lightly coated on top or dark brown oval-shaped shield 2-5mm long. It feeds on the plant’s juice and sprays sticky secretions around it, serving as food for the larvae during their journey from the mother’s shield to the place of suction to the plant. In the larval stage, colorless very small 0.5-1mm. motile insects emerge from under the shield of the mother and quickly spread over the aerial part of the plant. Having found a convenient place, they stick in and begin development.

Female scale insects on a plant stem. The right picture shows their moving larvae, tramps (enlarged).

Plant , severely damaged, scabies has a sloppy appearance. Leaves and trunk are completely splashed with sticky secretions, on which dust settles, and soot fungi settle. As a result, the surface of the plant is covered with a black coating, which prevents it from breathing and receiving solar energy. Especially affected by scale insects are plants living in enclosed spaces.

When in the warm season on the street, the number of pests and their influence decreases rapidly. This is due to the presence in nature of natural enemies of scale insects. Stickiness from the surface is washed off by rains, it is also food for ants, wasps, bees.

Prevention: with a sponge dampened in ordinary water, stickiness and pests are carefully removed from the stem and leaves.

Methods of struggle: 2. - 3. multiple treatment with an interval of one month with insecticidal preparations, out of .

"Actellik", "Confidor Maxi", "Calypso", "Proteus", "Mospilan" - chem. drugs.

"Actofit", "Summer resident" - biological products.

Black(

Various fungi settle on aphids and scale insects. A black coating is formed on the leaves of the shoots of the fruits, which prevents breathing and photosynthesis. Which leads to premature shedding of leaves and a general depressed state of the plant. Indoor plant disease with high humidity (greenhouses, winter gardens) appears on plants affected by aphids or scale insects.

Black plaque, sooty mushroom on the underside of the leaf.

Prevention:timely plant protection from pests, indoor air circulation. Black plaque should be removed, foam soaked in water.

Methods of struggle: out ofliving room and taking all safety precautions.

Very small (0.2-0.5mm.) Spiders with an orange-red tint. Settle under the lower part of the leaves, braiding them with a web. They feed on the juice of plants, preferring young leaves and shoots. Contribute to the development of high room temperatures and dry air. Damaged leaves become covered with yellowish spots, dry out and crumble prematurely.

Lemon leaf affected by a spider mite. The upper side of the sheet is covered with yellow dots, on the underside of the sheet is white plaque.

Prevention:frequent spraying with cool water, rubbing the stem and leaves with a damp sponge. In the warm season, put plants in the open air.

Methods of struggle: 2. - 3. multiple treatment with an interval of one month with insecticidal preparations,out ofliving room and taking all safety precautions.

Slugs and Snails

Terrestrial gastropod pulmonary mollusks of stalk-eyed squad. Garden snail has a spiral-twisted shell, slugs are deprived of this outer shell.

Their body is covered with mucus, when moving on any surface, they leave behind them, shiny pearly stripes. During the day they hide in humid and shady places. Propagate by eggs, which are laid in the ground. Emerging larvae initially feed on fallen leaves and other organic residues, and as they grow, they begin to prefer young shoots and leaves. Eating intensely, they quickly become sexually mature within 2-3 months. At night and on rainy cloudy days they cause significant harm especially to seedlings, cuttings and young plants located near the surface of the soil. Citrus plants are attacked by snails and slugs while outdoors in a greenhouse, basement.

Methods of struggle: - on free areas near plants lay boards, ruberoid, linoleum, under these artificial shelters slugs are hidden, where they are collected and destroyed. In places of mass reproduction of slugs, the pollinated areas are: cannon-lime (30-40 g. Per 1 sq. M.), Ground superphosphate (30-40 g. Per 1 sq. M.) Or ammonium sulfate (20 g. Per 1 sq. M.).

On sale are the preparation "Emaldehyde" in granules, its main disadvantage - effective until the first rain.

Growing indoor plants is a pleasant activity, which sometimes brings good results. One of these fruits can be room lemon, which can be grown simply on the windowsill.

Lemon - A fruit that is used in desserts and snacks, and the addition to tea is considered a classic combination. In addition, lemon is also very beautiful tree with a pleasant smellthat will decorate your home. In this article, we will examine in detail how to grow a lemon and how to care for it.

Varieties of homemade lemons

Some lemons can be grown only in the southern regions, others like lower temperatures and only take root in northern areas. Lemons are divided into such varieties:

Ural Lemon - An unpretentious plant that grows well both in hot weather and at low temperatures. With proper care a year gives up to 12 kg of crop
Pavlovsky lemon - This is a lemon variety that was one of the first to be grown indoors. The plant grows best in dark places, but, despite this, blooms all year round. Harvest from this type of lemon varies from 10 to 40 kg per year
Lemons without a single spike are called Maykop and Genoa. In the first grade of lemon, very thin branches and a dark lush crown. Harvest per year reaches 30 kg. The second is noted as a stunted plant and gives yield only from the fourth year of life. The amount of harvest at first does not exceed 8 kg in the early years and up to 40 kg in the subsequent period
Ponderosa Lemon citrus fruit, the fruits of which reach 1 kg in weight. But due to the fact that the fruits are large, the crop does not exceed 5 pcs per year
Also, large fruits can boast such a type of citrus as Anniversary - they can reach 600 grams in weight
A hybrid variety is a type of lemon such as Chinese Is a mixture of lemon and orange. A rather capricious plant that requires careful care. Low productivity - up to 3 kg per year

There are a lot of lemon varieties that you can grow at home. They are all different - some like heat and the sun, others like partial shade and coolness. If you decide to plant a lemon in a pot at home, be sure to check which temperature and light conditions Suitable for this grade.

How to grow a lemon tree at home from seed?

Lemon can be obtained by vaccination, and to grow from the seed. Step-by-step instructions for growing lemon from seed listed below:

Take a small pot, pierce at the bottom of the hole and drain. Buy land for citrus fruits or make it yourself. To do this, pour equal amounts into the pot humus and sod land
Buy a ripe large lemon, cut and, choosing 2-3 bonesplant in the ground to a depth of 1.5 cm
Set the temperature in the house not lower than + 18C, and spray the soil every three days. You can’t water it before germination, an exception can be made if you see that the earth is very dry
When the first sprouts appear - it will be after about 21 days after planting - rearrange the pot to a lit, but not very hot place. Watering the plant should be no more than 1 time in 2 weeks
Need to transplant a lemon no more than 2 times a year. If you live in a private sector, you can plant a plant in the ground for the summer and return it to the building in the fall. For residents of apartments, a transplant should only be done if the lemon has little space in the current pot. Do not buy too large a pot for transplanting, it should be no more than 5 cm in diameter from the size of the previous
In order for the lemon to bear fruit, it is worth pin or plant late spring or summer

Growing lemon from seeds

After completing all the above steps, you will be able to grow in a short time on your windowsill is a beautiful citrus tree that will bring crops to your table.

Video: How to grow a fruitful lemon?

How to plant a lemon?

Lemon grown from seed will most likely not bear fruit unless grafted. For, To get a citrus crop you must:

Cut the scion just before the moment of vaccination. It’s better to do it from April to August
Trim Scion Length 6 cm and remove all leaves except the top - leave about 4 sheets
Make a cut from above about 1 cm length and treat the cut site with garden var
On the scion, cut off half of each leaflet, tie it with a ribbon to the stock, and put it under a glass tank or a large plastic bottle
Across 2 weeks check how the vaccine was taken - whether the cut leaves are easily separated

If the leaves begin to fall over time, then this is a clear sign that tree grafting was successful and you can slightly loosen the tape with which you bound the scion and stock.

Typically, these lemon grafting methods are successful and a year after such a procedure You will see the first, unusually smelling white flowers, from which a delicious citrus fruit will grow over time.

What soil is suitable for indoor lemon?

Lemon is a very whimsical plant and will not grow in any soil. In order to plant a citrus tree in a pot, you can use the ground from the store (special ground bags marked “For citrus fruits”), or make the desired mixture yourself.

Soil mix for young lemon consists of turf and leafy soil in a ratio of 2: 1 and sand with humus in a ratio of 1: 1. For a more mature plant, the amount of sod land increases by one indicator and will be 3: 1 in the ratio with leafy ground.

A particularly good addition to this soil is decayed oak leaves. This is a very breeding ground for the citrus tree root system.

Do not plant the plant in ground from under the flowers or just dug up on the site. Lemon will not only stop growing, but may simply die in such conditions.

How to feed lemon at home?

If you grow lemon at home, be prepared for the fact that it will not be as big as its counterpart in the store, but by smell and aroma home harvest will exceed the purchase at times.

In order for the lemon to bear fruit, its leaves were bright green, and the tree itself looked strong and healthy, you need it fertilize regularly and correctly. The main nutrients for lemon is nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. The first has positive results on the growth of the plant, the second - on the formation of large, tasty fruits, the third - retains a bright color of lemon leaves.

In stores for sale special solution for citrus, where in the correct ratio all the necessary components are assembled. Best fertilize the plant in summer or fall. Homemade fertilizers can be chicken manure, diluted with water in the ratio 1:9.

Lemon propagation at home

Lemon can be propagated using seeds or cuttings. In each of these methods there are negative and positive aspects:

When propagated by seeds the tree is more powerful than the lemon obtained by grafting
With seed propagation, fruits appear only after 7 years, with the cuttings lemons will be after 3 years

We will consider these types of breeding in more detail. Sunflower seed after eating lemon planted in a pot with a mixture of earth, humus and sand to a depth of not more than 2 cm, spray the soil. During seed propagation, the first sprouts from seeds appear a month later. Over time, the plant grows in long thin branches that need to be pruned.

Propagation by cuttings - A faster way to get a beautiful tree. You need to plant in a drainage pot 5 cuttings from a healthy lemon with slices and cover with a jar. Three weeks later, the first sprouts will appear. It’s worth transplanting such a lemon into a pot 2 months later after the appearance of processes.

When multiplying lemons, it is necessary Once a few months to fertilize the plant manure or a special mixture from stores. Fruits after this method of propagation, depending on the variety, may appear as early as next year.

Lemons grown from seeds will not bear fruit immediately - only after 7-8 years

Do not be too lazy to use at least the first method, because it is not at all difficult to stick a lemon seed in a pot. But a beautiful green tree that grows from such a bone will delight the eye daily.

Household Lemon Pests

Solutions for saving lemon from pests here are some of them:

Solution with soap and machine oil (oil can be replaced with kerosene or copper sulfate) - mix these components in a ratio of 1: 2 and carefully wipe the leaves. After a couple of hours, wash them with clean water. Repeat in a week
Mustard Soap Emulsion - In a bucket of water, dissolve 250 g of laundry soap and 10 times less mustard powder, mix well. Pour 250 g of copper sulfate into the resulting solution.
Moisten a sponge in a weak vinegar solution and wipe the leaves
Lubricate the bucket from the inside turpentine and cover the plant. After a few hours, remove the container and wash the leaves with warm water
100 g hot pepper grind in 1 liter of water and boil for about an hour. After this, strain through cheesecloth and insist for two days. Dilute 1:10 with water before use
50 g garlic pass through the garlic and pour 300 g of hot water, leave for a week in a dark place. Before use, add 350 g of soap and dilute in a bucket of water

One of the enemies of indoor lemon is aphid

Diseases and treatment of homemade lemon

Indoor lemons can overcome various fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. After receiving such a disease, ulcers, growths, rot and other signs form on the leaves and trunk of the tree.

If you do not care for a lemon, then it becomes very vulnerable to such diseases. When you see any of the signs of fungus or bacteria on the plant, remove all fruits and flowers, so that they do not take away the strength from the lemon necessary for pest control.

For the prevention and treatment of manifestations of the disease, you must use the drug "Fitosporin". Using it, spray and water the diseased tree according to the instructions.

Stains on lemon leaves are also a sign of one of the diseases - it is necessary to start treatment immediately

With fungal diseases, trees can be such visible signs:

Yellowing leaves, fallen buds and red spots on the fruit. For treatment, spray with a Bordeaux solution
Pink warts on leaves and orange spots on the fruits. Cut off affected parts and spray with Bordeaux fluid
Red spotscracks in the trunk of a plant. For treatment, clean the affected areas, anoint with a solution of copper sulfate and garden var. Perform these procedures until completely cured.

In order for the lemon to have no such signs and not die from an advanced disease, it is worth checking the plant regularly and apply therapeutic measures to save the tree.

Video: Indoor lemon and its diseases

Why do homemade lemon fall leaves?

If homemade lemon is worth not in a lighted place, then this may be the first reason why the plant leaves fall. To solve the problem with leaf fall of a citrus tree you need:

Put the tree on the windowsill on the south side
In winter, additionally illuminate the plant with artificial lamps

AND inadequate and excessive watering leads to falling leaves on a lemon. In the first case, the dried roots die off, and the sap flow to the leaves stops, which in turn begin to fall off.

In case of excessive moisture the soil becomes denserthat blocks air access to the root system. Again, the root dies and the situation repeats with insufficient watering. Therefore, monitor the amount of citrus watering.

If the lemon leaves fall, then you are not taking good care of it

During the summer, lemon intensively consumes minerals from the soil. If you do not replenish supplies with fertilizers, then the leaves of the lemon will begin to turn yellow and fall off.

In winter, the heated room is similar in climate to the desert. Excessive air dryness is stress for the lemon. Therefore, so that he does not begin to drop leaves in such conditions, regularly Spray the leaves 2 times a week and do not place the lemon close to a heater or battery.

Leaves may fall due to excessive watering and water shortages.

If the room temperature below + 10C and there is a constant draft - It can also become the causes of leaf fall.

Eliminate the lemon from such stressful situations - take care of the temperature in the room where the lemon tree is stored, and the amount of watering the plant.

How to trim indoor lemon?

In order for the lemon tree to bear fruit well and be of the right shape, you need to regularly trim and turn the tree on the windowsill relative to the sun every two weeks. You can align the trunk by tying the branches with copper wire. In this way, the branches will grow in the right direction.

If the lemon already has fruits, then when ripe cut not only the fruit, but also a branch 5-7 cm longon which the crop grew. And in a week, new shoots will grow at the cut site.

To obtain a fragrant tree with fruits, it is necessary to prune it.

If you have too many fruits on the tree, then you need to adjust their number at the rate of 1 fruit per 10-12 leaves. All other lemons must be removed so that the plant is not very hard. Give the right shape to your plant so that it bears fruit well and has a healthy appearance.

Is it possible to plant a room lemon on the street?

Very useful plant a lemon on the street. Choose a place that is not too open and lit. The best option would be a place where before lunch the sun, and after - partial shade. Be prepared for the fact that after a transplant, a lemon can lose flowers. But this is not scary, such a reaction of the plant to stress during transplantation.

If you don’t want the lemon to be without flowers, plant a plant outdoors in a pot. Thus, the tree will be in the same conditions, but already in the fresh air.

Under good climatic conditions, lemon will grow on the streets. e all summer season. In October, it is advisable to return it to the room, because there may be night frosts and the plant may freeze.

Anyway do not prolong the stay of a room lemon on the street - as soon as the temperature begins to fall, it is necessary return to the room.

Careful care and compliance with these measures will allow you to permanently settle in your house for an exotic guest - room lemon, which will surely please you bright greens and delicious citrus fruits.

Video: How to grow lemon at home?

Citrus diseases to which mandarin belongs, to some extent specific, and to some extent characteristic of many fruit plants. In most cases, diseases of the mandarin tree are caused by microorganisms: mycoplasmas, viruses, bacteria, fungi. The consequence of their action is various defects on the tree and fruits: growths, ulcers, rot, spotting, and more. They can penetrate into the plant through the stomata of the leaf, into wounds formed by mechanical damage, through insects, wind, by spraying or watering. The difficulty is that not all measures to combat mandarin diseases are effective, and in some cases even useless. Below we dwell in more detail on the most characteristic diseases and ways to combat them.

The disease is caused by the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum glocosponoides Penz, which develops in a humid environment and settles on the fruits, leaves, branches of a plant. Infected leaves are initially covered with pale green spots, which darken over time. If infection occurs during the rainy season, the spots may be dark brown. Black dots appear on the tops of the shoots. The branches turn completely brown, then light gray, become covered with a lot of bulges and die off. Affected flowers become covered with reddish spots and show off. Small dark spots appear on the fruits around the pedicel, which expand, injure the skin. It acquires a dark brown color, softens. On the fruit, the disease may appear during storage. They have an unpleasant odor and a bitter-sour taste.

This fungal disease mandarin occurs with high humidity and improper care. In order to combat it, the affected shoots are cut and sprayed with special fungicides according to the instructions. It is recommended to use the biofungicide “Fitosporin”, since it is not toxic. It is added to water for irrigation as well as the prevention of fungal diseases. For prevention, gardeners advise spraying tangerines with a solution of Bordeaux liquid (1%) two to three times per season.

Did you know? Mandarin in the natural environment grows to 70 years, increasing productivity every year. From one tree per season, you can remove up to 800 fruits.

Another disease caused by a fungus that affects the entire plant. Initially manifests itself in small yellow transparent spots on the leaves, which then transform into pinkish-gray warts. The growths that appeared on the young shoots grow and turn into an impressive growth, which leads to the death of the branch. When fruits are infected, orange spots grow on them, which acquire brown hues as they grow. In this case, the existing ovaries fall. The condition for the spread of the disease is high humidity and air temperature. The fight against the disease is to remove the damaged parts of the plant, which it is desirable to burn, so that the spores do not spread in the environment. The plant is sprayed with a solution of Bordeaux liquid (1%): in March, in June (after flowering) and in July.

The disease, the causative agent of which is the fungus Pythiacystis citrophthora R.E.Sm, manifests itself in the form of protruding longitudinal drops of gum on the bark of a tree. Basically, the infection affects the bark of the trunks and the main roots of the tree, without penetrating into their other layers. Over time, the cortex separates from the rest of the trunk or root. If this happens around its circumference, the branch, root or the entire trunk dies, because the circulation of the juice is disturbed. The fungus can also appear on the fruit, causing brown rot.

Important! The fatal consequences of the action of this disease are reflected on the leaves only a few weeks, or even months after the death of a branch or trunk.

Before treating a tangerine tree, it is necessary to eliminate the causes that caused the disease.

Among them may be:

lack of potassium and phosphorus with an excess of nitrogen in the soil. In this case, the proportion of nitrogen and organic fertilizers is reduced;
lack of drainage under the root system of the tree. For a couple of days, watering is completely stopped, and then they are renewed carefully and with a big restriction;
planting seedlings too deep;
mechanical damage, due to which wounds appeared, where the infection got.

In addition to the measures described above, it is necessary to carry out the following. To clean the wound and disinfect with a solution of copper sulfate (3%). To do this, 30 g of the product and 200 g of slaked (or 100 g of quicklime) lime are dissolved in a liter of water. After that, the wound is treated with garden var. The procedure is repeated until the signs of the disease disappear. If this does not work out, the plant is uprooted and burned.

Citrus cancer

A disease caused by bacteria that infect the leaves and fruits of a tree. It appears in the form of bright dark brown spots. Citrus cancer is not treated. The plant must be removed from the soil and destroyed.

Important! It is possible to find out exactly what pathogen a particular disease is caused only in the laboratory. Many disease symptoms caused by both fungi and bacteria are very similar to each other. However, sometimes brown pustules, black dots or gray deposits can be distinguished on infected surfaces - these are spores of fungi. When infected with mycoplasmas and viruses, the shape of flowers, leaves, shoots changes. A mosaic pattern appears on them, panicle panic, dwarfism is observed. In this case, fungal and bacterial diseases are treated with fungicides, and mycoplasmic and viral treatment are not amenable to, the plant has to be destroyed.

Late blight

Most often, this fungal disease affects tangerine trees that were previously grafted onto an orange. Often manifested in young seedlings, which are girdled with a brown oily stain. Usually, the damaged area is cleaned and treated with copper sulfate or a similar agent with a higher degree of action. It is recommended to dig up the plant and check if the roots are damaged by the disease. If the inspection gives a positive result, the tree must be destroyed.

It is difficult to detect it, since the roots of the plant are affected. Usually, the disease manifests itself externally in an already neglected stage, when mandarin leaves fall en masse. How to reanimate indoor mandarin in this case? Dig a plant and inspect the roots. If damaged areas are found, they are removed with a sharp disinfected tool. All roots are treated with a rooting stimulant, and the plant is transplanted into fresh, clean soil. Then the pot with tangerine should be placed in a greenhouse or regularly wipe the leaves with a damp cloth, avoiding heavy watering. Give the plant good lighting.

Important! In most cases, mandarin leaves do not fall off due to illness, but from improper care. In fact, this is how the plant reacts to stressful factors: a lack of light, waterlogging of the soil, low temperatures and so on. At the same time, an adult plant, which is not less than three years old, may die. The cause of abundant leaf fall can be the depletion of mandarin when it was not sent to rest in the winter. From the end of October to the beginning of March, it is recommended to set the pot with tangerine for 12 hours every day in a cool place (14 - 16° C) with illumination by a fluorescent lamp with a power of 20-40 watts.

The cause of the disease is the virus of the same name, which affects the entire plant. As a rule, trees over 5 years old become its victims. The first signs are a stop or inhibition of further development and a change in the color of the leaves. At first they fade, become slightly bronze, then near the veins they acquire a yellowish tint. At the same time, more mature leaves begin to fall off at the base of the branches. After leaf fall, branches extending from the trunk weaken and die. The fruits also change color and fall early. If you dig a plant, it turns out that the root system is very affected.

Important! There are varieties of mandarin resistant to this disease. But they, too, are carriers of this virus, they just do not activate it.

The disease is transmitted by insects or budding (plant grafting). Not treated. It is recommended to destroy the infected tree.

Xylopsorosis

A virus that can be in a plant and not develop until 10 years old. Outwardly, it is very similar to hommosis, since it damages the bark of the plant. But he is not being treated.

Infectious disease that affects plants in the open ground in spring, and indoor - from autumn to spring. The first signs of the disease are a dull leaf color. They fall from the tree, while the petioles remain on the branches. After the leaves fall, drying of the shoots begins with a simultaneous change in the color of the bark. It becomes carrot or orange-red. Drying continues from the end of the branches to the base, and then goes to the main trunk. The disease is not treatable. The causative agent of the disease Phoma tracheiphila Petri is spread by spores that come out of the shelter in rainy weather and are carried by wind or work tools.

Did you know? Mandarin is considered not only dietary, but also a medicinal fruit. They have a lot of potassium, mineral salts, carotene, fats, proteins, organic acids, sugar, fiber are also found. Therefore, tangerines and fresh juice from them are recommended for people with heart disease. The peel contains a lot of essential oil, so decoctions and infusions from it are recommended for intestinal disorders, nausea and other gastrointestinal diseases. Rubbing the juice helps fight fungal diseases on the skin.

Diseases caused by a lack of fertilizers and minerals

Sometimes the external manifestations of plant ailments are signs of a lack of important trace elements in the soil.