Iris diseases with photos and their treatment. Diseases of irises and the fight against them photos of fungal diseases

Irises are quite unpretentious garden plantsthat do not make it difficult standard process cultivation and do not burden the grower, but some, especially refined, varieties can be so.

Basically, problems arise with the leaves of irises - they periodically turn yellow. Aside from the natural causes of wilting of iris leaves, it remains to consider the viral, bacterial and fungal that can often occur in these flowers.

Causes of yellowing of leaves in irises and what should be done?

A bacterial infection manifests itself as bacteriosis - This is a characteristic rot on the rhizome of the iris. It softens the flower, which is why it begins to intensively lose useful material... The first warning sign may be the appearance of a brown tint on the sheets, after which they begin to dry at the tips and turn completely yellow. From the rhizome, covered with rot, appears bad smell.

What to do in this case? Irises that can no longer be saved should be thrown away, and those that are still possible should be transplanted. Before being placed in a fresh substrate, the rhizomes are processed, damaged areas are removed and covered with ash. If the affected area is extensive, it must be treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and a suspension of captan (0.5% each).

Often irises can be attacked fusarium -a special kind of rot. This is due to Fusarium fungi. The defeat begins with the roots, after which brown spots appear on the lower part of the stem, then they rise to the leaves, which turn yellow and die off - the iris slowly dies.

What to do in this case?Fusarium is removed with fungicides - these are the only drugs that can cope with this disease. Of course, the defeated areas of the rhizome are cut off, and flowers that can no longer be saved are removed. Rot remains in the soil for a long time, so you need to process it too, and then take a break for a short period before the next planting in this area.

What to do in this case?You cannot get rid of the mosaic. This is a viral disease on this moment not fully understood and is extremely resistant to most drugs of wide and local action. It is recommended to carry out preventive measures, both against aphids and against this viral disease, in order to reduce the likelihood of infection. You also need to remove, uproot the affected plants, and transplant healthy ones to a new place so that they do not get infected.

Askohitiokh leaves in irisesmanifests itself as brown spots on a yellow background with numerous punctate pigmentation.

What to do in this case?The disease is curable only if irises are treated in time. Solutions such as 0.1% Bordeaux liquid, as well as 0.2% foundationol solution are suitable. Processing is carried out until the symptoms of the disease completely disappear.

Irises are among the most resistant to diseases and pests. ornamental plants... These flowers are a favorite selection object of many summer residents (here is an article about them), in the process of breeding new varieties of which it was discovered that the most exquisite irises are most susceptible to various diseases and pests. At the same time, there is a clear delineation of cases of diseases in flowers, depending on the climatic zone. So in the north-west of Russia, irises are most often affected by soft rot (bacteriosis), and in the south-west by rust.

Irises affected by viral diseases cannot be treated. They must be dug up and burned. Special attention should pay attention to the safety of plant tubers, since they are often damaged by various diseases and a variety of gnawing insects. Compliance with all the requirements of agricultural technology and the use of safe planting material allows you to minimize the risk of damage to summer flowers by diseases and pests.

Iris diseases

The most dangerous diseases for these flowers are:

1. Fusarium

Signs: the leaves turn yellowish, and then acquire a brownish tint.

Control measures: add 0.2% Fundazol under the rhizomes of irises. Before planting young plants, the rhizomes are disinfected in this solution for 0.5 hour.

2. Spotting

Signs: spots of various shades appear on the leaves and stems of the iris.

Control measures: spray the flowers with 1% Bordeaux liquid solution or 0.3% copper oxychloride.

3. Septoriasis / heterosporiasis

Signs: Yellowish spots of various sizes appear on iris leaves. Later they turn brown and merge. Leaves dry out and plants do not bloom well. The disease most often develops in damp weather, as well as with a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium in the soil.

Control measures: at the first signs of illness, spray irises with 0.3% copper oxychloride; 0.4 - 0.5% colloidal sulfur.

4. Wet rot (bacteriosis)

Signs: the rhizome rots, the tops of the stems turn yellow and dry out. They show clear signs of decay. After a while, the affected parts of the plant die off.

Control measures: we dig up specimens affected by this disease and burn them. We disinfect the soil with formalin.

Iris pests

The most common for this type of flowers:

Signs: most often bearded and siberian varieties... The disease progresses rapidly in hot weather. Insects gnaw at the base of the peduncles. Caterpillars of these pests gnaw rhizomes as well. Such insects increase the risk of bacterial rot damage to plants.

Control measures: at the beginning of the period of active growth, we treat the flowers twice with 10% karbofos. The interval between sprays is 7 days.

2. Medvedka

Signs: areas damaged by the bear are visible on the tubers. With large "wounds", the iris can dry out altogether.

Control measures: we fill the earthen passages of this insect-pest with soapy water, and after the bear crawls out of the hole, we destroy it. Next to the iris bushes, we embed granules in the ground - bait for these insects: Medvetox, Thunder, Grizzly. Medvedka eats soaked granules better, so we water the earth around the flowers.

Signs: These microscopic insects take up residence in the plant's tightly compressed leaf entrances. Irises damaged by pests are distinguished by brown leaves, which dry quickly and become covered with dark crusts. Thrips also damage buds, causing tissue discoloration and flower deformities. Most often, these pests appear in hot weather.

Control measures: we spray the bushes with 10% karbofos twice. The interval between sprays is 7 days.

Signs: These molluscs eat flowers and sometimes damage the young leaves of the plant, leaving oblong holes on them. They reproduce especially strongly in wet weather.

Control measures: we collect slugs by hand and destroy them. We spray irises with tobacco infusion or superphosphate. We scatter metaldehyde (40 g / 10 sq.m.) on the ground, which is harmful to these pests.

5. Wireworm

Signs: these larvae of click beetles eat up passages in the rhizomes of flowers, thereby increasing the risk of their damage by various diseases.

Control measures: we perform deep podzimny digging of the soil. We spray the bushes with infusions of red hot pepper (we steam 100 g of chopped pods with 1 liter of boiling water, we cook the infusion for 1 hour, we insist it for two days). We also pollinate irises with Pyrethrum (200 g / bucket of water we insist for 10 - 12 hours and spray with a solution of the plant).

Signs: the larvae of this pest gnaw at the rhizomes, thereby inhibiting the growth and development of flowers.

Control measures: when digging the earth, we remove the larvae manually. Before planting rhizomes of irises, dip them in a mixture of liquid clay and Bazudin (100 ml per bucket of water).

7. Nematodes

Signs: plant tissues damaged by the pest acquire a brown tint.

Control measures: we burn damaged specimens. The place where they grew is watered with 10% formalin solution. Before planting rhizomes, we warm them up in warm water (50 ° C) for half an hour.

There is an opinion that irises are unpretentious and, in general, there are no worries with them. But the more sophisticated the varieties, the more they are picky about environment and any violations of agricultural technology. An example is the strong shade of your site, winters with little snow with very low temperatures, stagnant water and, as a result, the clogging of rhizomes. And, of course, it is absolutely impossible to violate the landing dates. Plants are divided and replanted after flowering, this should be the rule for everyone. It is completely unacceptable to transplant flowering plants. Any flowering requires the maximum consumption of nutrients from plants, while the growth of leaves even stops, and if the roots are still damaged by untimely transplantation, then the absorption of water with solutes will decrease, new ones suffer, daughter plantsthat develop on old rhizomes. In addition, this immediately causes the active growth of all pathogenic microorganisms, which are always present in huge numbers both in the soil and on plants. The likelihood of infection during transplantation increases, because the fungi penetrate the roots with their mycelium through damaged tissues and cause decay.

Each region has its own specifics. The harmfulness of diseases and pests varies significantly with climatic and weather conditions. So, enemy number one for irises in the north-west of the European part of Russia is bacteriosis (soft rot) of rhizomes, in the southern regions the bear is in big trouble, in the south-western regions it is rust.

How to protect our plants from so many misfortunes? First of all, do not violate the requirements of agricultural technology when growing, then even completely healthy plants can be fatal. Use only healthy planting material without visible brown spots and rhizome decay. Propagate varieties with young daughter plants only from healthy bushes. All viral plants must be destroyed. Rotten fusarium plants should also be discarded in a timely manner, since the remaining infected plant residues all neighboring irises are quickly re-infected and the disease becomes widespread. The most effective means for suppressing the further spread of fusarium (and gray) rot is the shedding of plants over the rhizomes and under the root with a 0.2% solution of the foundationol and pickling of individual rhizomes in this solution before planting for 30 minutes. The symptoms of bacterial rot on the rhizomes are usually removed (cleaned), wounds and cuts are etched with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, repeating such procedures constantly after prolonged rains. Against various spots, before and after flowering, plants can be sprayed with 1% Bordeaux mixture or copper oxychloride (0.3%).

The most harmful pests for irises are the Iris scoop, gladiolus trippe, bear, slugs, wireworms, hover flies.

Iris and winter scoops.These are dangerous pests of bearded and especially Siberian irises.

At the beginning of the growing season, the caterpillars of the scoop (Hydraecia micacea) eat out the base of the peduncles, which turn yellow and die off. They are unable to “cut off” the powerful flower stalks of tall bearded iriseshowever, the damage they cause is sufficient for the stalks to be blown down by the wind. In addition, caterpillars can damage rhizomes (Iris scoop (Helotropha leucostigma) and winter scoop (Agrotis segetum)), which are then easily affected by bacterial rot. In dry summers, iris plantings are more affected by scoops.

To combat this pest, at the beginning of the growing season, double spraying (with an interval of 7 days) with a 10% solution of karbofos is carried out.

Gladiolus thrips. This insect, barely visible to the naked eye, causes significant harm. The length of its tiny body is 1-1.5 mm. The trippe settles in densely compressed leaf sheaths of irises. The affected leaf turns brown, dries, becomes covered with brown crusts. In such leaves, photosynthesis is disrupted, which adversely affects the development of the entire plant, the laying of peduncles and flowers.

To combat this pest, the affected plants are sprayed twice with a 10% solution of karbofos with an interval of 7 days. You can use tobacco infusion for spraying: insist 400 g of makhorka in 10 liters of water for two days, strain, add 40 g of laundry or green soap.

Medvedka in the south of Russia is a serious danger to irises. An adult insect reaches 3.5-5 cm in length. It has wings, strong movable horny jaws, strong front pincers equipped with a toothed file, with which the bear cuts the soil, and with it rhizomes, roots, bulbs. The pest travels easily underground, swims quickly in water and even flies through the air. Crawling to the surface of the ground, it moves quite quickly. The insect's “uniform” is durable and waterproof. The pest is endowed with a very delicate sense of smell. How to deal with a bear? 1. Collect more eggshells during the winter, crush into powder. In the spring, when planting the plants, moisten the powder with vegetable oil for odor and put one teaspoon in the holes. Medvedka, having tasted the bait, dies.

2. Pour the pest's ground holes with soapy water (4 tablespoons of washing powder per bucket of water). Medvedka either dies underground, or crawls out to the surface, where it is easy to collect and destroy.

3. If you plant marigolds along the borders of the site, this will close the bear's access to your garden from the neighboring territory.

4. You can get rid of the bear with the help of infusion chicken droppingswatering them on the ground in dry weather.

Slugs belong to gastropods. This is a common field slug (Agriolimax agrestis) and an agile slug (A, laevis). The pest is polyphagous, damages a wide variety of flowers, vegetables and other crops. The pest eats oblong holes on the leaves, and can eat flowers. It multiplies strongly in rainy weather. It is nocturnal, hiding during the day under lumps of earth, large leaves, in other secluded places. The presence of a pest is indicated by the appearance of silvery mucus on the leaves. Leaf-eating caterpillars do not leave such marks.

Slugs primarily damage the more delicate central leaves of the leaf bundle. With a massive accumulation of pests, they damage other leaves. Of all types of irises, bearded ones prefer. Slugs can contribute to the spread of bacteriosis. Leaf tufts that have fallen to the ground, affected by bacteriosis, are eaten by slugs with great pleasure. Then, crawling onto healthy plants, the slugs carry the causative agent of this disease.

To fight slugs, burdock leaves or wet rags are laid between the plants, which serve as shelter for them. Then the pests are collected and destroyed. You can use tobacco (shag) dust (4 g / m 2), superphosphate (35 g / m 2). Granular metaldehyde is a very good means of fighting slugs. The granules are scattered in dry warm weather in the evening or early in the morning between plants (30-40 g per 10 m 2).

May Khrushch.Beetle larvae gnaw at the roots and rhizomes of irises. Larvae grow in soil for several years. They can be found in large quantities in organic residues, in manure. Before introducing manure into the soil, it must be sifted through a sieve with sampling of larvae and their subsequent destruction.

Wireworm (click beetle)... Beetle larvae damage rhizomes, eating holes and passages in them, in which bacteria and fungi settle, and the plant may eventually die. The click beetle has a small elongated black body, and striped specimens are also found. The larvae are narrow, long, segmented, with a very dense yellow or brown color... In the winter they penetrate deeply into the soil, in the spring they rise up when the soil warms up. Deep digging of the soil contributes to the destruction of the larvae and the beetles themselves.

To combat insect pests, you can use and infusions of insecticidal plants: Red hot chilli pepper (100 g of cut fresh pods or 50 g dry) is poured into 1 liter of water and boiled for 1 hour, then kept for two days, after which the broth is filtered and the plants are sprayed at the rate of 100 g of infusion per 10 liters of water with the addition of 40 g of green soap.

You can also use feverfew - dust the plants with powder or leave 100-200 g of powder for 10 hours in 10 liters of water and spray with this solution. When using insecticidal plants, as well as when working with pesticides, you must follow the rules of personal hygiene: protect your mouth and nose with a respirator, wash your hands thoroughly after processing.

DISEASES OF IRISES.

Irises can be affected by bacterial, fungal, viral diseases, although in comparison with other perennials, they are more resistant to the effects of pathogens.

The most dangerous disease of irises is bacteriosis, or soft rot of rhizomes.The causative agent of the disease is the bacterium Erwinia aroidea, or Pseudomonas iridis. Diseased plants lag behind in growth during the growing season. Their leaves turn brown and, starting from the tips, dry up. The affected fan of leaves bends down, leaves are easily pulled out of it, and eventually it falls to the ground. Affected stem bases emit an unpleasant odor. The rot spreads to the inside of the rhizome, which is completely destroyed, turning into a white, mushy, foul-smelling mass. The plant dies. The rhizome shell remains intact.

Freezing of korievisch contributes to the spread of rot, high humidity, thickening of plantings, lack of phosphorus and calcium in the soil. The introduction of fresh manure, excess nitrogen in the soil also contribute to the appearance and development of infection.

The disease is transmitted through bacteriosis-infected soil and plant debris. Pathogens enter the plant through mechanical damage that occurs during transplantation and loosening, as well as caused by soil insects (wireworms, beetle larvae).

To combat bacterial rot, diseased plants are discarded. When transplanting, the affected areas of the rhizomes are cut with a sharp knife to healthy tissue and sprinkled with crushed coal. Before planting, the rhizomes are etched in a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes or in kaptap suspensions (0.2-0.5%) for an hour. Protect the rhizomes from freezing and mechanical damage. The destruction of insects - carriers of the disease is important. It is important to observe the culture turnover with the return of irises to their original place in 4-5 years.

Fusarium, or fusarium rot.It is caused by mushrooms from the genus Fusarium. The disease begins with decay of the roots, inside which the fungus grows and clogs up the conducting vessels with its mycelium. Brown rotten areas appear from the bottom of the rhizomes, the roots die off, and the rhizomes dry. This drying out is often called dry rot. If rot progresses during the growing season, then outwardly it looks like a rapid yellowing and drying of leaves and peduncles. On the surface of the affected rhizomes, a faint grayish-white bloom of mycelium is often noticeable.

Photo by L. Treivas from the magazine "In the world of plants" - 2002 - №6

Gray rot caused by two varieties of the fungus. The first affects the stems and ends of leaves at high humidity. The leaves become discolored, then turn brown and rot, becoming covered with a gray bloom of fungal sporulation.

The second type of fungus causes dry rot of rhizomes. On the affected rhizomes, black folded piles are formed, consisting of the sclerotia of the fungus. Rot can also spread to the base of the leaves, where a gray coating of fungal spores forms. The development of the disease is facilitated high humidity, excess nitrogen in the soil, mechanical damage and freezing of rhizomes.

For the prevention of gray rot, irises are recommended to be planted in well-drained, ventilated sunny areas. Avoid lack of phosphorus and calcium in the soil. Severely affected specimens are discarded. When symptoms of the disease appear, the plants are sprayed with fungicides. When planting, the rhizomes are etched, the affected areas are removed. It is necessary to disinfect the contaminated soil.

Leaf spot, or heterosporiosis. it fungal disease affects irises in the second half of summer. At first, the extreme, aging leafy bundles are affected. Whitish-gray spots with a yellow, slightly watery border are formed on them. Then the spots grow, small black dots of sporulation of the fungus appear on them. Affected leaves dry up. Then the disease spreads to the inner leaves of the bundle. Warm, humid weather promotes disease progression. Spotting sharply reduces the decorative effect of irises, but does not cause much harm to plants entering the dormant period.

Since the infected leaves are the reservoir of infection, important point in the fight against this disease is the destruction of plant debris and dried leaves. It is important to systematically remove aging leaves. When the first symptoms of damage appear, the plants are sprayed with copper and zinc-containing fungicides.

Ascochitosisleaves are caused by a fungus of the genus Askochita. The spots are brown, without edging, with numerous black dotted pycnidia.

Septorialeaves are caused by a fungus of the genus Septoria. The spots on the leaves are pale gray, with a brown border, small, rounded. Black pycnidia appear on the surface over time.

Ramulariasisleaves are caused by a fungus of the genus ramularia. The disease manifests itself as brown or even black small, rounded spots, which fade over time in the center. On necrotic spots, a weak yellowish bloom of mycelium appears.

Rust. The disease is caused by a fungus. On the leaves along the veins, dark brown small spots appear, covered with powdery fungal spores. Soon the leaves dry up. The spores of the fungus overwinter on the affected leaves.

In order to combat this fungal disease, it is recommended to observe the culture rotation with the return of irises to their original place in 3-4 years. It is important to destroy all affected foliage, plant debris, it is useful to mulch the soil. Feeding with phosphorus and potassium reduces the likelihood of disease. When symptoms of damage appear, the plants are sprayed with zinc and copper-containing preparations or a suspension of colloidal sulfur.

Photo from the magazine "Floriculture" - 2001 - №3

Mosaic - a viral disease. On the leaves, a pattern is formed in the form of a grid or yellow stripes, resembling a mosaic. Plant growth slows down, shortened peduncles are formed, flowers are underdeveloped. The flower petals become variegated. Aphids (Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum solonifolii, etc.) are carriers of the disease.

If irises are infected with viruses, they cannot be cured. Only preventive measures are taken. Good grooming helps mask the symptoms of the disease, but plants will be a source of infection for the healthy. Timely culling of diseased specimens is necessary, as well as the fight against insects - carriers of viruses (aphids). In the photo on the left there is a dotted mosaic on iris leaves.

Karpov A.A. "Irises" / Rostov n / a: publishing house "Phoenix", 2001. - 96 p.
L. Treivas "Diseases of irises" // "In the world of plants" - 2002 - №6

It was previously thought that irises were fairly problem-free flowers to grow. But breeders in their science do not stand still and every year they bring out everything large quantity irises. The more refined and more beautiful a flower looks, the more attention it requires when leaving. Therefore, there is a risk of various diseases. Let's take a closer look at what viruses and diseases irises are exposed to, what control measures are appropriate and how to keep your flower garden intact. And photos and videos will help us present information more fully.

Bacteriosis (bacterial rot)

This rot is the most dangerous for irises. The development of the disease is promoted by the high nitrogen content in the soil, dampness and thickened planting. Rot starts at the base of 1-2 leaves. The damaged area becomes soft, the leaves dry and turn yellow. The disease spreads quickly and produces an unpleasant odor. Preventive measures:

• plant irises in drained areas;
• avoid mechanical damage to rhizomes;
• always destroy pests;
• in the spring and in August, it is necessary to rake off the mulch - this will not allow the root collar to be spoiled.

Bacterial rot

Fight against bacteriosis:

• destruction of diseased specimens;
• for processing, you can use crushed activated carbon, a suspension of captan and a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate;
• suspicious areas should be powdered with doxycycline, penicillin or lincomycin.

Fusarium (dry rot)

Disease of the fungal group, damages vascular system colors. Occurs during prolonged wet weather, when the temperature range is wide enough (from +2 to +32 degrees). Rot looks like gray-brown spots, slightly depressed. There is no smell. The tissue affected by the disease becomes almost black and loose. The rhizomes dry out completely. For prevention, it is necessary to strictly adhere to agricultural techniques, strictly follow the recommendations for fertilization, and not damage the plants. To overcome rot, it is necessary to completely remove all infected specimens, and pour copper oxychloride on the soil. Intact irises should be treated with fungicides.

Advice! In the area where there was dry rot, no irises should be planted for 4 years!

Gray rot

Another fungal diseaseto which the irises are exposed. With it, the petals of the flower begin to turn brown, then dry out and become covered with a gray bloom. This plaque is formed by fungal spores. Merging spots of a round shape begin to appear at the tips of the leaves. The areas between the spots dry up and turn yellow, gray sporulation is actively developing on them. Later, black sclerotia appear inside them.

With gray rot, iris leaves are covered with bloom

Important! Gray mold infection persists in all flower debris. Therefore, during the autumn harvest, it is very important to burn everything that remains after the irises.

You can fight rot with the following measures:

• for planting, use only healthy specimens of flowers, carefully monitor that they do not show signs of infection;
• irises should be grown only on drained soils, strictly follow the rules of agricultural technology;
• monitor the plants during the growing season - urgently remove the affected leaves and flowers seen;
• in the fall, it is imperative to collect all the remains and burn them.

Rust

It appears on the leaves in the form of numerous brown pustules. Further, the leaves turn yellow and dry out. In September, a velvety bloom forms on the affected leaves - this is how the mushrooms pass into the wintering stage. After overwintering, fungal spores infect valerian. In the spring, on valerian, spores begin to develop actively and attack irises. You can fight rust in the following ways:

• do not plant irises next to valerian or keep a sufficient gap between these plants;
• choose only drained areas for flowers;
• treat the affected specimens with sulfur preparations - Tiovit, garden sulfur, colloidal sulfur; the treatment interval is 14 days until the disease disappears.

Rust

Mosaic

Usually aphids bring mosaics on irises. The disease begins its manifestation in the form of small light stripes and spots that appear on the leaves of the flower. Diseased specimens begin to lag behind in their development. Their peduncles are shortened, and the petals have spots.

Advice! A regular thorough examination of the plants will help to detect the disease in time. If spotting or melting of flowers was noticed, their lighter shade, then this indicates the presence of a mosaic.

Not yet discovered effective measures fight an already developing disease. Therefore, all efforts must be directed to prevention:

1. High quality level of agricultural technology.
2. Timely watering.
3. Appropriate feeding.
4. Fighting aphids using drugs - Iskra Zolota, Inta-Vir, Arrivo, Aktara, Aktellik, etc.
5. If a mosaic is found, the affected specimens should be removed immediately;
6. The remaining healthy flowers must be sprayed with a 0.2% solution of copper oxychloride.

Aphids infest irises with mosaics

Despite the excellent resistance of irises to diseases, there is still a risk of their occurrence. And it is associated, first of all, with improper agricultural technology and lack of preventive measures... As practice shows, strict adherence to the rules of planting and care, disinfection of tools, burning of plant residues and the correct regime of watering and feeding will help to avoid attacks of diseases.

Iris diseases - video

This article will describe the possible, as well as ways to prevent them. The most terrible disease of irises is bacteriosis, which causes rhizome rot. Plants that are affected by this disease stop flowering, they have a low fan of leaves, containing 3 - 4 leaves. In August, you need to dig up the plant, separate the rotten parts of the rhizome, and etch them in raspberry-colored potassium permanganate for 30 minutes. You also need to change the planting site or change the soil, after adding more sand to the new soil mixture, and plant the iris again.

Another disease is wet rot, which damages the base of the stems and rhizomes. Starting at the tips, the leaves of irises turn brown and dry. As a result, the plants are stunted. The rhizome becomes powdery as rot spreads inside it. Although the outer shell of the roots is preserved. It is worth noting that such a disease can still affect gladiolus, tulip, carnation and hyacinth. Most often the causative agent wet rot (bacteria) is introduced into the soil with manure. It is necessary to immediately destroy diseased plants, and not plant irises in this place for 5 years.

For the prevention of disease, there are following measures: pickle the rhizome before planting for half an hour in potassium permanganate (0.5 l of water 0.5 teaspoon), either in the Maxima solution or in the Fitosporin solution (use 2 - 3 tablespoons for 10 l of water) ...

No less dangerous disease is an gray rot as it damages both the leaves and the rhizome. A gray coating forms on the leaves, which causes them to rot, and the affected parts of the rhizome develop dry rot. Excess nitrogen in the soil can provoke this disease, as well as high humidity in the air and soil.

Leaf lesions cause heterosporia. In the second half of summer, the leaves appear gray spots with a watery yellowish border, which cause the leaves to dry out. In this case, spraying with any preparation that contains copper (most simply copper oxychloride) or "Zircon" helps. Moreover, the leaves that are already affected must be removed and burned.

If brown - brown stripes appear on the leaves, then they are affected by rust. In this case, you can give top dressing with potassium and phosphorus, spray with a copper-containing preparation or colloidal sulfur. This disease usually affects only weakened plants.

If the leaves have acquired a yellow-green color, then this, as a rule, is a viral disease of the mosaic of the leaves. Affected plants must be destroyed immediately. Moreover, they cannot be put into compost.

Simple prevention helps prevent everything. In the spring, irises (along with phloxes, roses, perennial asters and peonies) after uncooking, you need to water it well with a 1% solution of a copper preparation. Moreover, this must be done at the very beginning of the regrowth of the leaves. As a copper preparation, you can use copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride. To prepare the solution, 1 teaspoon of one of the preparations for 0.5 liters of water is enough. Apply the ash to the soil under the irises, using 0.5 cups for each plant.

Spray regularly (once every 2 weeks) until all flowers begin to bloom, not just irises, using Epin-Extru together with Zircon, or Ecoberin together with Zdorovy Sad. Be sure to cover all sections with ash when transplanting or planting. Also spray the irises with a honey-containing preparation and feed with ash before wintering. The soil for Germanic irises should be neutral, or even slightly alkalized, as they are very fond of calcium. To do this, you need to regularly apply ash in autumn and spring.