When and how to plant cucumbers in open ground with seeds or seedlings. How to plant cucumbers in open ground with seeds How to plant cucumber seedlings in open ground

For growing cucumber, gardeners usually select a well-lit area that is protected from the north, as well as from the prevailing winds. Around the selected site, "backstage" is being arranged, which can serve as potatoes, sunflowers, corn, beans and even hemp. All of these tall and fast growing crops are able to provide a suitable microclimate in the zone where cucumbers are cultivated.

It can be done both with the help of seeds and with the help of seedlings. Consider the features of each of the methods in more detail.

If you are going to grow cucumbers, you must take into account a number of important nuances based on the characteristics of this crop. In a word, work should be approached comprehensively, without missing anything.

Table. Requirements for growing cucumbers

Condition	Short description
	Cucumber is a heat-loving crop, so it should be planted when the temperature of the topsoil is at least 13-15°C. But, characteristically, the cucumber does not like too high a temperature - if this figure rises above 28 ° C, then development may stop.
	The plot for cucumbers must first be fertilized chicken manure, manure or mullein. This will not only provide plants with nutrients, but also disinfect the soil from pathogens of many diseases.
	The culture needs a permanent moisture regime. With a lack of moisture, the leaves will darken and become brittle, and the plants themselves will be under stress. Excessive watering is also harmful - there will be less oxygen in the soil, due to which the foliage will turn pale, and the development of lashes and greens will noticeably decrease. Water during irrigation should not be cold (otherwise the ability of the roots to absorb will deteriorate), but have a temperature of about 18 ° C. The ideal humidity of the earth is 80% (at 30% cucumbers wither).
	The culture described in the article is a short daylight plant, so it is best to grow it in mid-late summer. Despite the fact that the cucumber is light and thermophilic, it needs only 10-12 hours of photoperiod per day.

Special attention should be paid to the root system. In our case, it is superficial, so the vegetable needs structured soil with high humidity and good access to oxygen. The root of a cucumber (and this is about 1.5% of the total mass of the plant), being only 5 cm from the surface, can deepen by a maximum of 40 cm. In this regard, it is impossible to loosen the ground around the cucumber, because each such procedure leads to injury roots, and recovery takes more than 7 days. Therefore, instead of loosening and weeding, you need to resort to mulching, applying organic top dressing and pre-planting suitable predecessors.

The latter include:

salad;
tomatoes;
cabbage;
potato;
green manure;
peas.

Unacceptable predecessors are carrots, beans, as well as all melons (they have diseases in common with cucumber).

How to plant cucumbers in open soil

Having familiarized yourself with all the features, you can proceed directly to the landing. The procedure is not difficult, but some important nuances still take place.

So, work traditionally should begin with the preparation of the site.

Stage one. Preparing the ground

Landing should begin with the selection and preparation of the site. This is one of the most milestones, since the cucumber, as we have already found out, is photophilous and responds well to fertile soil. For this reason, it is better to organize the beds from north to south, and apply organic top dressing under the previous crop, or, alternatively, fertilize the soil before planting the cucumber.

The optimal fertilizer in our case is cow dung. Under previous crops, it should be applied rotted (approximate consumption 5 kg / m²), and before planting - in the form of a solution (1 part of manure should be diluted in 5 parts of water). In the absence of manure, it is quite possible to use and chicken manure(mix in a ratio of 1:20) or any mineral supplement complex type.

Note! Warm beds over 20 cm high are most suitable for cucumbers. The organic “pillow” located inside such a bed will not only provide cucumbers with useful elements, but also warm the roots and saturate them with carbon dioxide.

Stage two. Planting cucumbers in open soil

According to many, a high yield of cucumber is possible only when grown in seedlings. But if the climate in your area is mild enough, then the seeds can be sown immediately on the beds. However, in fairness, consider both methods.

Method one. With the help of seeds

It is better to sow the seeds in several stages, otherwise you can miscalculate the timing (for example, the cold can return unexpectedly). In addition, this simple move will extend the fruiting period. Sowing can begin in mid-May and finish in mid-June. Later, you should not do this, because. summer heat and long daylight hours are not the most favorable conditions for the development of culture.

Step 1. You should start with the preparation of planting material. Today, there are not only varieties that are zoned for specific regions, but also hybrids that are more resistant to diseases. It is better to give preference to hybrids - this will allow you to get rid of unnecessary worries and significantly increase productivity.

No less important are the ripening dates (cucumbers can be early, medium and late ripening) and the specific purpose of the variety (for salads, for pickling, universal).

Note! If the package does not indicate the intended use, then you need to look at the photo: vegetables intended for fresh consumption have white pimples, and those that are suitable only for preservation are dark.

Also note that the age of the seeds should be at least 2 years. This is explained by an increase in the germination of seeds of all melons during storage (the optimal age is up to 6 years, by the 9th year the grains are no longer suitable for sowing).

Step 2 Before sowing, the selected seeds need to be heated for 2 hours at a temperature of 60 ° C (seedlings will turn out to be more friendly, and fruiting will come earlier).

Then you need to soak for 12 hours in a solution consisting of the following components:

manganese sulfate (0.2 g);
potassium nitrate (10 g);
superphosphate (5 g);
water (1 l).

The seeds are then dried and sown.

Step 3 In the prepared area, furrows 2 cm deep should be made in increments of 50 cm. Seeds are placed in these furrows with a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. Average consumption - 50 g of grains per 10 m². If the soil is dry, then it must be watered before sowing, and the seeds should be sprinkled with humus, peat or loose earth with sawdust.

Step 4 It remains only to look around: if there are bird nests near the site, then the bed should be thrown with brushwood, it is also advisable to put wind rattles and a scarecrow. So the birds do not peck the young shoots.

Video - Sowing cucumbers in the beds

Method two. With seedlings

Cucumbers can be planted on the site and seedlings. To do this, seedlings are cultivated on a well-lit windowsill: in the first days of May, the grains are sown in pots of 10x10 cm or 8x8 cm, which are installed in boxes. Approximate consumption - 16-18 plants for every 1 m².

Particular attention should be paid to the substrate - it must be prepared from sawdust(25-30%) and peat (70-75%). First, 20 g of ammonium nitrate should be added to each bucket of sawdust, then mix the components and keep them in this form for at least 2 days. Then they are mixed with peat, potassium nitrate (8-10 g) is added. All this is mixed and aged for 2 weeks (during this time the mixture must be stirred several times). The finished substrate is poured into pots, it is watered.

Holes 1 cm deep are made in the wet substrate, grains are placed in them (prepared as in the previous method, 1 for each pot) and sprinkled. The box is covered with a film, which must be removed after the first shoots appear. Watering the seedlings is not necessary if the humidity in the greenhouse is somewhere around 80%. As for room conditions, the air here is drier, so watering should be done 2 or 3 times during the growing season.

7 days before transplanting, the seedlings are hardened, that is, they are accustomed to natural conditions. The first time it needs to be taken out into the fresh air in the evening, the second time - at lunchtime (necessarily shading). On other days, the seedlings can remain open. Pots should be watered several times 24 hours before transplanting.

Transplantation should be done on a sunny day at an air temperature of 25 ° C. The soil temperature will be around 25-30°C due to the hot manure. The distance between seedlings in a row should vary between 12-14 cm. Typically, only roots should be covered with soil. If the embedment is too deep, there is a risk of root rot.

Note! Further care is almost the same for both methods. However, with seedling cultivation, the fruits will ripen 14 days earlier than with seed.

Video - Planting seedlings of cucumbers in open soil

Stage three. Further care

In the first days after transplantation (in the case of seed cultivation - immediately after the appearance of the first shoots) Special attention should be given to soil moisture and plant condition. If the leaves wither in the daytime, then in the evening the beds need to be watered, and the water temperature should be 20-25 ° C (approximate consumption is about 1.5 l / m²). When the plants close up, they are thinned out (2-3 times in total) by removing the weakest shoots. Between plants, you need to leave 5-15 cm. In parallel with thinning, you should carefully loosen the soil and weed the beds. Subsequently, loosening must be stopped when the cucumbers grow to the middle of the aisle, otherwise the root system can be damaged. It is also necessary to evenly spread the developing plants on the ground.

Flowering will begin in 30-45 days (or earlier if cucumbers are grown in seedlings), depending on the particular variety. When fruiting begins, the abundance of watering should be increased to about 3 l / m², and it should be watered almost daily (with the exception of cloudy days).

Top dressing is not required, provided that the soil has been properly filled. But if the lower temperature is observed for more than a week, then the foliage may turn pale. To restore color in this case, the leaves must be treated with any nitrogen fertilizer (for example, the same urea), while the consumption should be 7-10 g per bucket of water. This procedure is performed using a whisk or a manual sprayer, but always in the evening, otherwise the sun's rays can burn the leaves through the solution droplets that have covered them.

Green picking is done in the morning.

As a conclusion. Reproduction features

If the selected variety gave a really good harvest, then it is advisable to collect seeds from it. For this purpose, a certain number of large fruits are left on several plants (maximum 3 per bush) and allowed to ripen. But it should be remembered that this procedure is acceptable only for real varieties. The fact is that hybrid cultures are unable to repeat the mother culture from the grains, which means that it is pointless to leave them for breeding.

The answer to the question of how to plant cucumbers in open ground, is important for both beginners and experienced gardeners. Naturally, the time when to plant is an important factor. There are two most common ways to plant cucumbers in the garden. The first is seeds. The second is seedlings. Let's talk about the first.

Many believe that it is necessary to plant, the sooner the better. This is the wrong decision, because cucumber is a heat-loving plant. If it is planted in cold soil, when the earth has not yet warmed up to + 15ºС, then, of course, it will grow, but this is one of the reasons for the large number of barren flowers - cucumbers will bloom, but there will be no ovaries or there will be very few of them.

Often, gardeners do not associate one with the other - early planting in unheated soil with a huge number of barren flowers or a small crop.

It is advised to plant cucumbers in well-warmed soil.

In the Kuban, these are usually dates starting from the last ten days of April. Of course, our spring can also be protracted, cold, rainy - then the timing of planting cucumbers is shifted, sometimes even by 1-1.5 weeks, but preferably no later than May 5-7.

Of course, we will get the best harvest at the optimal time for cucumbers - the end of April. I also want to get my cucumbers early.

The choice of landing site must also be approached responsibly. It can't be "whatever". Cucumbers are not indifferent to where and how you plant them. Crop rotation is very important to them. Try not to plant them where cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini grew last season. The best predecessors of cucumbers (in descending order) are tomatoes, peppers, onions, cabbage.

Like any plant, cucumbers love fertile, loose, non-acidic soil. Perhaps more than other plants, cucumbers love organic fertilizers. It is believed that the best organic fertilizer for all garden plants is humus, but from the introduction of pure manure, seeds or plants can burn. So it is, but it is for cucumbers that manure is the most preferred organic fertilizer. If you have the opportunity to get it valuable fertilizer, then, without hesitation, be sure to add manure to the cucumber bed. This is not only nutrition, but manure, getting into the soil, releases certain chemicals that cucumbers love very much. This positive reaction of cucumbers to the introduction of fresh manure during planting has been noticed by many. I have repeatedly read about this in various publications for gardeners.

Therefore, before planting, I use a shovel or a small spatula to dig a trench 10-15 cm deep on the cucumber bed so that there is room for adding organic matter. I specially reserve fresh cow dung for cucumbers. I lay it out in a cucumber trench, without chopping it - what pieces there are, large or small, I lay them out like that. Evenly, of course, it does not work out, but this is not particularly important.

Another point to the question of how to plant cucumbers in open ground. Cucumber seeds are best planted in sunny weather during the day, and seedlings in the evening, when the sun no longer bakes.

After the manure has been spread over the beds, we cover it with a thin layer of soil. The trench will become smaller, but it should not be leveled with the edges. Then we water the grooves well. It is necessary to shed very abundantly, maybe even in several doses, since moisture should long time be in the soil - this is necessary for seeds or seedlings if you plant seedlings.

Then you should spread the seeds of cucumbers along the spilled trench. Spread one seed at a time long distance from each other - 25-30 cm.

We cover the spread out seeds with soil and lightly slap the palm on top so that the seeds are firmly pressed on all sides to the ground.

We will water the planted seeds one more time until the contours of the trench are guessed. And for the last time, pour the entire bed with water from a watering can to wet all the soil in the garden.

Now the bed with cucumbers must be covered, as they love high humidity. Before emergence, you can cover the bed with a film directly on top of the ground, or you can install arcs and stretch the film over them.

I draw your attention to the fact that before the emergence of seedlings, the bed should be covered with a film, and not with a covering material. Due to the fact that the bed was watered abundantly, condensation immediately forms on the film. More cucumbers do not need to be watered - wait until shoots appear. Moisture will not evaporate through the film, and the humidity will be enough for the comfortable development of plants. That is, the film is required, otherwise the desired microclimate for cucumbers will not be achieved.

After germination, periodically open the film, especially in hot weather, to prevent thermal burns. But the film is completely removed only after the appearance of flowers on the seedlings.

I offer you another experience in planting cucumbers in open ground - video:

The main condition that must be taken into account when planting cucumber seeds in the ground is the absence of night frosts. It is also necessary that the soil be warmed up to 15-16 degrees, otherwise the cucumbers will sprout longer than usual. For heat-loving cucumbers, the air temperature is also important - it should not fall below 10-12 degrees even at night. Compliance with these conditions is necessary to obtain timely and good harvest cucumbers.

Important! Only those varieties that are intended for this and adapted to weather conditions can be planted in open ground.

Basic rules for planting cucumber seeds in open ground

Before sowing, it is recommended to treat the seeds with a solution of potassium permanganate, aloe juice, and even soak with the addition of honey (this will disinfect and stimulate their growth). But, in order to save time and effort, you can purchase seeds already processed and fully prepared for planting.

Important! Seeds must be sown in pre-moistened soil.

Treated seeds should be planted in holes 2-3 cm deep and about 40 by 50 cm in size. The distance between the holes must be maintained depending on the length of the shoots of a particular variety of cucumbers. In each hole, 4-5 holes are made up to 1.5-2 cm deep. 2-3 seeds are placed in the holes with the sharp end up. Pits with seeds need to be loosened with a rake or by hand and wait for seedlings.

Helpful advice: you can cover the cucumber bed with a film before germination, so the earth will remain wet for a long time, and the seeds will quickly hatch.

Cucumbers are one of the most popular types of vegetable crops that can be planted on almost any suburban area. Growing this vegetable takes quite a lot of time and effort, but with the right approach, you can get a tasty and high-quality crop. That is why almost any summer resident who has his own plot, be sure to plant cucumbers on it.

Selection of planting material

In the process of growing cucumbers, close attention must be paid to the process of choosing planting material, which determines not only the quality and taste of fruits, but also the ability of seeds to resist various bacteria and survive in certain climatic conditions. Varieties of cucumbers are bee-pollinated, self-pollinated and parthenocarpic.

One of the most popular varieties today are bee-pollinated, which can be grown not only in an open area, but also in polycarbonate greenhouses. If you want to attract as many bees as possible to crops of cucumbers, it is recommended to plant flowers nearby and process your crop with a sugar solution.

The main advantage of such a vegetable crop is that it is not very whimsical to care for and is able to cope with the most adverse weather conditions. In addition, these cucumbers boast a unique taste and aroma.

The main problem of modern summer cottages is that it is quite difficult to attract bees. And there are several reasons for this. The first place is occupied by the problem of the need to process the crop with the help of specialized chemical substances. Bees react quite strongly to such reagents, and therefore they try to bypass such areas. Of course, without processing cucumbers and other vegetable crops, various diseases and pests will certainly attack them, so there is not much choice.

Here, self-pollinated and parthenocarpic varieties come to the aid of summer residents. The main advantage of such plants is that pollination is carried out here without bees. These varieties are excellent not only for planting in open ground, but also for use in greenhouse conditions.

The ideal solution is to plant these varieties in regions that are characterized by heavy rainfall.

Hi-tech do not stand still and do not bypass even the area of \u200b\u200bcucumbers. Scientists have long developed a huge number of varieties that are resistant to diseases such as powdery mildew or root rot. In addition, modern varieties can boast of unique taste qualities: they are quite sweet and do not have a drop of bitterness.

It should be noted that varieties of cucumbers are also divided depending on the timing of ripening.

If you want to harvest throughout the summer, then you need to give preference to species that ripen at different times.

Timing

Before you start growing cucumbers, you need to decide when exactly you can plant the seeds. The timing of sowing this vegetable crop depends primarily on the climatic features of the region.

If the summer resident lives in the southern hemisphere, which is characterized by a large number of warm days and a lot of sunshine, then planting should begin at the end of winter or early spring, due to which the planting of cucumbers in an open area will take place around mid-May.

But the residents northern regions it is necessary to postpone this process, since frosts are possible even in the last days of spring.

When determining the most optimal conditions night temperatures must be taken into account, because even a few hours of frost at night is enough for the crop to be completely destroyed.

It is possible to plant cucumbers with seeds in a summer cottage only under conditions when the temperature outside does not fall below 10 degrees Celsius. The ideal option is considered to be climatic conditions under which the air temperature at night is more than 15 degrees, and during the day about 30.

Preparatory work

The success of planting cucumber seeds in open ground largely depends on the quality of the preparatory work carried out. They determine the future ability of seeds to withstand climatic conditions, diseases and pests. With the right approach, you can greatly facilitate the further process of caring for this vegetable crop.

planting material

First of all, it is necessary to pay close attention to the preparation of planting material, as well as tillage for planting cucumbers. And if you want to achieve high-quality results, then you need to correctly germinate the seeds. If at this stage you cheat and do not work at the proper level, then the seeds will not be able to survive in open ground conditions and the crop will be completely ruined.

Pick up optimal varieties for landing. It should be noted that in this case it is necessary to be guided not only by one's own wishes and preferences, but also take into account the climatic features of the region, the type of soil and other indicators.

In addition, selected seed varieties must be suitable for outdoor use.

Today, hybrid options are very popular, which boast resistance to a huge number of diseases and pests. If you have a certain budget, it is best to give preference to just such varieties. Their main advantage also lies in the fact that they cope well with bad weather conditions.

Responsible selection of planting material will help to avoid problems in the future. If you correctly approach this process, then there is no doubt that the harvest will be of high quality and tasty.

When selecting planting material, it is also necessary to pay attention to the germination of seeds; success in growing this vegetable crop also depends on this.

Consider detailed diagram germination.

Sorting. All matched planting material must be sorted according to certain criteria. Experts recommend choosing the largest seeds for planting, which can definitely survive in open ground conditions.
Carrying out disinfection. In no case should seeds be planted before they are free from any microorganisms and bacteria. It should be dipped in a pre-prepared saline solution for 10-15 minutes. If the seeds begin to float, it means that they are spoiled and cannot be used for planting. But the rest of the material will become great solution for use in conditions of similar cultivation in the garden. For disinfection, summer residents often use a solution of potassium permanganate, after which it is imperative to rinse the seeds with running water and dry them on a paper towel.

Warming up. About 20 hours, the seeds must be thoroughly warmed up in order to dry out all the moisture and prepare them for planting.
Germination. To do this, the seeds are folded into a special cloth, lowered into a solution of nitrophoska, and then washed in running water.

If the selection of planting material was correct, and you did not violate any rules, then soon the seeds will begin to swell.

After the appearance of the first roots, they can already be planted in the ground.

Priming

Preparatory work also includes tillage, on which the integrity of the crop depends upon planting. It is the soil that provides the cucumbers with all the necessary nutrients, which, in turn, guarantee the growth of the crop.

First of all, in order to obtain a quality crop, you need to correctly choose the site where it will be cultivated. It should be noted that most gardeners neglect the preparation of the soil, and do not follow the rules of competent crop rotation. Cucumber seeds are extremely demanding on the condition of the soil, so it is best not to plant this vegetable crop in the same place for several years in a row. In addition, it is necessary to provide for the presence of sunlight and moisture in the planting area.

It is best to abandon the idea of planting seeds in low terrain conditions, since the air is usually cold here, and it is difficult for seeds to germinate in such conditions.

Summer residents argue that the optimal types of soil for planting this vegetable crop are loamy and sandy. This vegetable crop shows the best performance in fertile areas, which are characterized by slightly increased acidity and the presence of special fertilizers. Cucumbers are highly demanding on the state of the soil, so you can not plant seeds in the ground that was previously used for planting vegetables.

The ideal option is to use the soil on which potatoes or onions were previously planted.

At the same time, in no case should cucumber seeds be planted after watermelons, zucchini or pumpkins, since they use the same nutrients, and the earth will definitely not be so rich in them to ensure high-quality crop growth.

Close attention in the process of planting cucumber seeds in a summer cottage should also be paid to the use of fertilizers. As already stated, this vegetable crop is quite demanding on the presence nutrients in the ground, so you should make sure that they will be enough. The main problem is that root system cucumbers is located in the upper part of the soil, therefore it quickly consumes nutrients and constantly needs their influx.

Organic fertilizers for cucumbers are considered one of the most effective. For example, you can always use fresh manure that is applied in the fall. In the future, it turns into humus, which positively affects the structure of the soil and saturates it with the necessary trace elements.

If you are using heavy clay soil, then it is rational to process it with fresh manure two months before sowing the seeds. In addition, this method is considered ideal even if the soil is too cold, since fresh manure allows it to be insulated. The use of organic fertilizers also improves the performance of mineral options. The main advantage of manure is that it includes a huge amount of useful trace elements, including nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and many others.

It should be remembered that the amount of organic fertilizers applied must be at a certain level. Most summer residents believe that the more fertilizer they have applied, the better the seeds will germinate, however, such an opinion is extremely erroneous.

The amount of manure depends on the quality of the soil, and cannot exceed 10 kg per square meter. If the soil is light, then this amount will be much less.

As for the use of peat, it will be advisable only on damp soils, since peat has the property of improving the structure and physical characteristics soil.

Before planting cucumber seeds in open ground, it is also necessary to use mineral fertilizers from ash, which play the role of potassium trace elements. Here, choosing the optimal amount is quite simple: you can use about 200 g per square meter of soil. If organic fertilizer can be added in autumn or winter, then mineral fertilizers can only be used during spring digging.

If you decide to use complex options that are sold in specialized stores, then you must strictly follow the instructions and dosage indicated on the package. However, regardless of the type of mineral fertilizers, they are almost always used immediately before planting seeds in open ground.

How to plant?

Planting cucumber seeds in open ground consists of certain step by step rules. First of all, you need to choose the right site that can boast the optimal amount of sunlight and will be protected from constant drafts. It should be taken into account the fact that the last date for planting cucumber seeds in open area is June.

It is not recommended to plant later, as you will not be able to get a crop, in September the first night cooling will already begin. If you have the opportunity to use films and various other shelters, then you can plant the first seeds in open ground as early as May.

However, the crop must be carefully covered to protect it from night cooling.

Such a vegetable crop is very thermophilic, so it can be grown only when the soil is perfectly warm. A favorable temperature is considered to be at least 16 degrees Celsius. At the same time, it is imperative to provide shade if the air temperature is about 30 degrees or more.

The area for planting cucumber seeds must be carefully prepared in the fall. It needs not only to be fertilized with the help of special substances, but also to be completely dug up. This will saturate the soil with the necessary trace elements, as well as in the future to protect the crop from pests and microorganisms.

Distinctive feature The root system of the culture lies in the fact that it does not go deep, therefore it is forbidden to loosen the ground around the plant. Most experts recommend mulching, which is suitable for peat or sawdust. Mulch is what keeps moisture in the soil and keeps weeds out.

Features of planting seeds depend on the material used. Each person independently decides how to carry out the landing. It is believed that the highest quality crop can be obtained if seeds are planted in a summer cottage.

If the climate is mild, and the soil boasts fertility, then you can immediately sow the seeds in the garden bed.

Majority experienced summer residents try to plant seeds several times with different time intervals. For example, the first time you can plant seeds in the tenth of May, and then already in early June. It is not worth planting later, because in July the weather is too hot and it will be extremely difficult for young seedlings to grow in such conditions.

It is best to plant hybrid seeds that are derived from several varieties. Scientists have long understood that each variety has its own advantages, and combining the advantages of several varieties in one product will be extremely beneficial. These plants are quite easy to care for, and they are also less prone to various diseases and pests. In addition, such vegetable crops can easily cope with bad weather conditions, which allows you to protect your crop in case of bad weather.

One of the most important issues there remains the problem of laying seeds in the hole in the process of planting cucumbers.

Most summer residents, especially beginners, do not know how to do it right. In no case should they be planted with a sharp end down, because that is where the root grows. If the sharp end is pointing up, then the sprout will break through from there and push the leaves out. Improper planting of seeds can lead to the fact that the plant simply dies. In addition, experts do not advise planting a seed with a blunt end down, it is best to install it vertically.

If cucumber seeds are planted, then they can be pre-germinated. The peculiarity of germinated cucumber seeds is that they allow you to provide seedlings with a strength that will develop more easily. It is important to clearly follow all the recommendations and rules, because the ability of the crop to survive in open conditions. Sprouts will hatch only when the air temperature is at least 22 degrees, otherwise the process may be delayed.

It is necessary to plant the seeds of this crop only if the sprout is at least half a centimeter in length. When working with seeds, you must be extremely careful and careful, because any mechanical damage can lead to the death of the plant in the future. No more than three seeds can be placed in one hole in the form of a triangle. If arranged large quantity seeds, then in the process of germination they will interfere with each other and the crop will turn out to be of poor quality.

The scheme for planting cucumbers in the open field with the help of seeds has its own unique features. In early May, the seeds must be planted in a pot and placed on a well-lit, warm windowsill. It is in winter that everything should be spent preparatory work using peat, potassium and ammonium nitrate.

In order to plant seeds in the ground, it is necessary to prepare recesses that will be no deeper than 1 cm, and place the grains there. After all the seeds are planted, they are sprinkled with earth. A plant can only be transplanted if it already has at least 5 leaves, and this will happen at least a month after the first planting.

Planting cucumber seeds in a summer cottage should be carried out on a dry sunny day so that the plant can get the right heat and a minimum level of moisture. Do not water the soil for the first few days. In no case should deep planting be carried out, as this greatly increases the risk of root rot in the future.

Close attention in the process of planting cucumber seeds in open ground should be paid to the spacing between seedlings - it should be at least 18 cm. As for the rows, the distance between them should be about 30 cm.

After the plants are planted, the soil must not be watered for three days and mulched.

Features of care

Regardless of how exactly the cucumbers were planted, their care is almost always the same. It is mandatory to carry out watering, fertilizing, hilling. This allows not only to ensure the quality of the crop, but also to make the fruits stronger and protected from harmful microorganisms and pests.

Watering

One of the most important processes for cucumbers is watering. None without moisture creature on our planet cannot exist, and cucumbers are no exception. And if the vegetable crop feels a shortage water resources, then the fruits will be much smaller, and their quality and size will deteriorate. In addition, when planting seeds in open ground, the crop may be bitter, and this will greatly spoil the impression and taste of the product.

That is why experts recommend watering cucumbers on an ongoing basis, at least once a week. If the weather is too hot and the humidity level is low, then the number of waterings per week can be increased to three. You should not watch the calendar, but the weather conditions, because even in May there are too dry days when planted plants need a huge amount of water.

In addition, there are periods of heavy rainfall, when the plants not only do not need to be watered, but also need to be provided. reliable protection from excess moisture. The latter can cause root rot, which in the future will lead to the complete destruction of the crop.

In the process of watering, you should definitely take into account the fact that young plants do not need a lot of water, but adults need to be watered much more often, as they absorb more moisture and need more trace elements. In any case, during the irrigation process, it is necessary to ensure that the water completely saturates the ground and reaches the roots.

Unlike greenhouse plants, cucumbers should never be fully watered if they are planted outdoors. If you pour the leaves, then under the influence of sunlight they will get quite severe burns. In order to be safe from such moments, it is recommended to water early in the morning or late in the evening, when there is a minimum amount of sunlight. In addition, it should be remembered that cucumber seeds should never be watered if the air temperature is below 12 degrees Celsius.

If you want them to sprout quickly and without problems, then pay attention to the watering process.

top dressing

In order to get a high-quality and good harvest, cucumbers must be fed. The amount of fertilizing depends on the variety of seeds used and the characteristics of the soil. On average, for 1 season you will have to feed at least 6 times. The first time it is worth resorting to after the first shoots. To do this, you can use both organic and mineral fertilizers. If you want to achieve the most positive results and get a quality crop, you can carry out a combination of mineral and organic additives.

Mullein and chicken manure show themselves well, which, in combination with ash, will provide the seeds with all the necessary trace elements. From mineral fertilizers, it is better to give preference to superphosphate and urea, as well as potassium sulfate.

As soon as the fruits begin to appear, you can add nitrogen fertilizers, which are very good as an additional feed for the root system of cucumbers.

Garter

A properly organized garter makes it possible to solve several problems at the same time, including: saving space in the garden, easier harvesting and protecting it from a number of pests. It is best to produce a garter when the vegetable crop reaches 30 centimeters or more.

Tying can be carried out both vertically and horizontally. The last option is considered the most simple and optimal.

pasynkovanie

Stepping cucumbers involves getting rid of side shoots that may appear from the axils of the leaves near the main stem of the plant.

The peculiarity of the vegetable crop is that after planting it grows quite strongly. Because of this, the plant spends a lot of energy on the formation of ovaries. In such conditions, the fruits cannot grow properly, they are small and soft.

Diseases and pests

In order for the output to be of high quality and plentiful, close attention should be paid to the fight against pests and various diseases. This vegetable crop can suffer from the same diseases as other melons. First of all, we are talking about Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, and other culture-destroying diseases.

Anthracnose

One of the most unpleasant moments is anthracnose, which is presented in the form of white mealy spots. The main problem of this disease is that it slowly but surely destroys the entire crop. Such a disease can appear due to frequent fluctuations in temperature, lack of moisture or poor ventilation. In addition, the cause of the disease is often an excess of nitrogen fertilizer used.

If the first symptoms of the disease are detected, measures must be taken immediately, since in the later stages it will not be possible to save the crop. First of all, you need to cut off and burn the affected leaves, and then carry out feeding with potassium.

In addition, an excellent solution to the problem is to spray the plants with mullein tincture.

downy mildew

If there are too many yellow spots on the leaves of cucumbers, then this indicates a defeat by downy mildew. Initially, the spots are small in size, but soon they begin to grow and affect healthy leaves. After the color of the leaves changes to brown, they will begin to dry out.

Downy mildew usually infects plants at the initial stage of development, so you should be extremely careful at this stage. The reason may be too high humidity, use cold water for watering or the presence of infections in the seeds.

Gray rot

One of the most difficult and unpleasant diseases is gray rot which is a type of fungus. It develops with sharp fluctuations in temperature and too high humidity air. A distinctive feature of this disease is that it can affect not only the fruits, but also the leaves of plants. If no action is taken in time, the foliage will begin to turn yellow and dry out.

It is extremely difficult to cope with gray mold, so it is best to prevent its occurrence with the help of preventive measures. So that the disease does not capture the entire area, you need to get rid of infected leaves and fruits. There are many specialized chemicals on the market today that are designed to help in the fight against gray mold.

Among the most effective are "Euparen Multi" and "Rovral".

white rot

If on vegetable culture started to appear white coating, then the cucumbers were affected by white rot. The essence of this disease is that it contributes to the decomposition of plant tissues, which as a result become softer and slimier. Prevention of this disease includes regular weeding of beds and ensuring a constant supply of fresh air. If it was not possible to prevent white rot, then you should immediately stop watering for a week and spray the plants with Topaz or other chemicals.

Cucumbers can deteriorate not only due to various diseases, but also pests. If someone eats the leaves of seedlings at night, then these are definitely snails, which are extremely difficult to fight.

The main problem is that they will have to be collected by hand, leaving the garden at night. In addition, special traps can be set.

AT last years ringing of stems is very popular, which leads to the formation more ovaries.

Thus, planting cucumber seeds in open ground should be carried out with all responsibility and attention. Only in this case it is possible to obtain a high-quality and tasty harvest in abundant quantities. It is necessary to sow the seeds and plant at a certain time so that the cucumbers can survive in the open air. Cucumbers love heat and moisture, so they sprout better in the presence of a large amount of daylight.
For tips on planting cucumber seeds in open ground, see the following video.

Planting cucumber seeds in open ground requires the implementation of certain rules.

It is necessary to pay attention to what depth to plant, and most importantly, when to plant cucumbers in order to provide the family with a prolific and tasty harvest. What is the best way to grow?

Growing cucumbers is not a difficult process, it is necessary to act in stages. Step by step cultivation of these vegetables will look like this:

Choosing the location of the beds.
Selection, germination and hardening of cucumber seeds.
Disembarkation.

Each presented stage has its own nuances, during the execution of which you can expect a quality harvest.

After that, further care is required during germination, that is, for almost full-fledged plants.

It is also possible to first grow seedlings on the windowsill, and then, already sprouts, plant them in the garden, but in general, the rules for growing will not change.

In addition, experienced gardeners claim that it is much more convenient to plant cucumbers in open ground with seeds, while the vegetable will independently choose the growth rate and power gain depending on weather conditions.

The same plants that were first grown at home will be weak and can quickly get sick, because transplanting is a kind of stress for them.

What place in the garden should be given to cucumbers?

Cucumbers are known for their love of warmth and light, so the location must be chosen accordingly.

An area not obscured by fertile bushes and trees will do. At the same time, it is advised that if the cultivation takes place on trellises or other supports, the beds should be formed from west to east, and in the case of cultivation without a garter, it will be correct to position the bed from south to north.

It should also be remembered that in those places where cucumbers or zucchini and other pumpkins already grew last year, it is not worth waiting for a new good harvest, there will be few fruits or the plants will constantly get sick.

It is best to plant cucumbers with seeds in the ground in the place where the cabbage used to grow, and if, nevertheless, the gardener decided to grow seedlings first, then it is better to plant it after the radish.

For reference!

Not all gardeners share a positive opinion about planting cucumbers after radishes, some say that it is after radishes that trace elements remain in the ground, which prevent most fruits from setting.

It is worth taking care of which plants will grow nearby. The best neighbors for cucumbers there will be the following crops:

corn;
legumes;
garlic;
calendula.

Fruiting will be increased by several tens of percent, while the resistance to some diseases will be mutually beneficial.

For reference!

Corn and sunflower, thanks to both powerful and tall stems, are used as a natural support for cucumbers, instead of artificial trellises.

Conversely, speaking of bad neighbors, then they primarily include tomatoes. About 76% of inexperienced gardeners admit that in order to save space and provide temporary thermal shelter, they often plant tomatoes and cucumbers on the same bed.

This cannot be done, due to the fact that these types of crops different conditions for successful development, they will interfere with each other and you can not wait for the fruits from both.

In addition, it should be remembered that not every variety of cucumbers can be planted next to another.

self pollinating plants different varieties, if cross-pollination by insects occurs, will bring unforeseen results, perhaps some of the properties of one species will pass to another.

That is, you can plant next to those varieties that are similar in certain properties, if you plant the seeds of long-fruited and teardrop-shaped plants, the result will most likely be short and thick fruits.

For reference!

Self-pollinated varieties of cucumbers will bring the greatest yield.

Soil preparation and planting time

Cucumbers are plants that love loamy or sandy soil, while their acidity should be low.

It can be determined by taking a small amount of land to the laboratory for analysis or by seeing which weeds most often climb in this area.

On acidic soil plantains, wood lice will grow. In extreme cases, you can try to eliminate the increased acidity by adding lime - chalk, ash.

Soil preparation should begin about a week before sowing cucumber seeds in open ground.

Fertilizers should be applied in the fall, organic fertilizers containing alkali are suitable.

If this was not done last year, it makes no sense to introduce them at the beginning of the garden season.

In the spring, it is necessary to dig the proposed site to a depth of 20 cm in order to soon sow cucumber seeds.

Then it is required to add last year's humus to the soil, mix with the ground with a rake or pitchfork.

After that, abundantly water the future bed for planting cucumbers and cover with a film for several days, so that the earth warms up.

The height of the beds on which cucumbers will be planted with seeds should be at least 30 cm, while taking into account the fact that after the bed is made, the earth will settle a little and it will become somewhat lower. Their width must be at least a meter.

For reinsurance, many summer residents spill the beds with boiling water and cover them with a film. Thus, the probability of plant diseases is reduced significantly, in addition, the warming up process is faster.

Selection and preparation of seeds

Before you start germinating seeds, they must be selected. The easiest option is to purchase several bags of seeds in a specialized store.

Another option is to take seeds saved in advance from past crops. It is important to remember that seeds harvested from last season will not work, older seeds are needed.

Also, seeds of hybrids are not suitable for planting, since the harvest can be unpredictable, new generations from hybrids lose quality features, producing more often cucumbers with deficiencies, such as those with unnecessarily large seeds or a bitter taste.

Most popular varieties, which are sown immediately in the garden, according to experienced gardeners, the following:

"April F1". A hybrid that can withstand fairly severe cold. Its advantages are long fruits with small seeds and a pleasant taste. Purpose - universal. Harvest can be harvested after a month and a half.
"Competitor". This variety is early ripe, the first harvest will be in 40 days after planting. More suitable for salting, the peel is not hard, the fruits are quite large, the weight of one cucumber is up to 120 g. It resists diseases, especially powdery mildew.
"Spring F1". It is considered a mid-season variety, well suited for pickling and salting. The fruits are medium in size, quite juicy. Resists most diseases.

"Muromsky 36" or "The Secret of the Firm" is sown even in shady areas, they always get a quality crop.

Seeds in both cases must be checked, defective ones should be thrown away. To do this, take a spoonful of rock salt and dilute in a glass of warm water.

Then mark the seeds in a container with the prepared liquid, those that settle at the bottom are of high quality, and those that remain afloat will not germinate.

Recently, seeds treated with special formulations, which not only accelerate germination and development, but also serve as a barrier to most diseases.

In the event that the seeds are not purchased, they should also be disinfected and strengthened. For this, a weak solution of potassium permanganate is suitable.

It is necessary to place future cucumbers in it for half an hour. Then steam a little in warm water, usually 5 minutes is enough.

After this stage, you need to wrap the seeds in a damp cloth and place in a cold place, you can in the refrigerator for several days.

This is done in order to harden cucumbers. At the same time, they practice both a sharp change in temperature, that is, they expose the planting material to heat after the cold, and leave it in the cold.

If the gardener will plant cucumbers without waiting for their germination, you just need to soak the seeds in warm water.

Usually soaked for 10 - 12 hours, while you need to change the water several times, in this case you can try to change the temperature of the water to carry out easy hardening.

Hatching seeds, even if the sprouts are small, are ready for planting. That is, the timing of the preparation of seeds depends on the period in which they need to be placed on the garden. Many questions are asked about when to plant cucumbers.

The time for planting cucumbers in open ground depends on their variety, but the differences in timing are not significant.

In any case, the soil should be warmed up to a depth of 10 - 15 cm, while at night the temperature should not be lower than 15 ° C.

It is usually suggested to plant cucumber seeds in late May - early June. But you need to focus on the absence of frost and sunny weather.

Most gardeners seek help lunar calendar when choosing a date when it will be possible to plant cucumbers.

Most often they are guided by the growing moon, for example, in 2017, the most successful days for a good harvest of cucumbers are from May 27 to 28, after this period, cucumber seeds can be planted from June 3 to 7.

Newly minted summer residents approach the question of when to plant cucumbers incorrectly, believing that the later the plant, the better.

This is not so, in most cases, it is precisely those plants that are planted later that are affected by diseases, the reason for this is dew and high humidity mid summer.

The best option for planting cucumbers in the ground is the one indicated on the bag of seeds, taking into account the territorial features of the climate.

If the summer resident wants to get cucumbers as quickly as possible, you can sow the plants in early April, but then you should make sure that the garden bed is constantly covered with at least three layers of dense film.

As the air temperature warms up, the film layer can be removed one by one.

You can grow a decent crop only if you plant cucumbers correctly.

When the beds are prepared, and most of the seeds have finally hatched, the question arises - what is the sowing depth of cucumber seeds?

There are two landing options. The first involves planting in small holes, with the second option, cucumbers should be sown in small grooves.

At the same time, the depth of the holes should be slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, about 4 cm. In order for the plant to sprout for sure, 2-3 seeds are planted in one hole.

If all cucumbers grow from seeds in one recess, they should be thinned out. The thinning method must be chosen not the same as, for example, for carrots, that is, there is no need to uproot the plant, you just need to break the extra stems. Thus, the common root systems will not be damaged.

Thinning should be started only after the third leaf is formed on the sprout.

The depth of the grooves should be no more than 3 cm if the soil is loose, but if the soil is dense, cucumbers can be planted higher.

When planting seeds, they are also guided by the degree of their germination. That is, if the sprouts are small, or unprepared seeds are sown, the depth may be less.

Such cucumbers will be in the ground longer, which means they will not be able to freeze. Seeds with long sprouts should be planted deeper.

Cucumber seeds in open ground should be planted at a certain distance from each other. In this case, it is necessary to choose a distance not only depending on the variety, but also based on the method of cultivation.

Before sowing cucumbers, holes or grooves should be shed abundantly with water, the soil should be moist.

Growing without tying

Those varieties that let short lashes can be planted closer to each other, those that have long lashes - respectively further. In addition, hybrid cucumbers require a greater distance for development.

If we compare the distance between mid-ripening or late and early-ripening varieties, then the former need more space.

Therefore, between plants in a furrow or hole, they usually leave about 20 - 35 cm, and I choose the space between the furrows depending on the variety in this way:

early ripe - up to 70 cm;
mid-season and late-ripening - up to 90 cm;
hybrids of any ripening speed - up to 100 cm.

If there are several beds, then in any case an opening of at least 90 cm is made between them.

Growing with trellises

Planted cucumbers will grow better if you choose a vertical growth method for them, that is, using trellises.

But they need a slightly different space when it comes to supporting 2 rows at once.

Between rows, holes or grooves, at least 1.2 m is required in order for the crop to be larger.

Varieties that give short lashes are planted at a distance of 20 cm from each other, and long vines require up to 35 cm of space.

The trellis is equipped in such a way that cucumbers can cling to it as they grow, that is, first to wooden structure attach a string or wire horizontally at a height of 10 cm first, and then additional rows at a height of 50 cm and 100 cm.

Actions immediately after sowing

Immediately after planting, cucumbers must be covered with a film, so as a result of artificial humidity, their germination will occur more actively. In addition, the film will protect from the cold.

After a couple of days, you can check the bed, it is important that it does not crust, the earth should be loose all the time.

You can carefully, without any additional means, so as not to damage the seeds, remove the top crustal layer of soil.

It is also worth following simple rules further care growing cucumbers from seed

Regular weeding is required. Even if the weeds are small, they can slow down the development of cucumbers.
Do not allow the soil to dry out. The whole row should be watered completely, there should be no spilled gaps between plants.
Immediately after each watering, loosen around the plants.
It is imperative to feed the vegetables, usually the fertilizer schedule for cucumbers is once every 10 days. Fertilizers should be organic, many advise while the plant is small, cover it with mullein.

Immediately after the antennae appeared on the cucumber, that is, modified shoots, it is necessary to tie the plants to the trellis, if the vertical method of cultivation is meant.

In addition, plants need care, which includes the following actions:

Topping. Remove the top of the cucumber at the moment when the sixth leaf appears. Depending on the variety, three or one lash of cucumber is left. Usually, in those plants that are pollinated by insects, weak lashes are cut off, leaving one powerful one, while the rest grow in three lashes.
Removal of side lashes. In order for each plant to have enough air and light, it is also necessary to remove the side stems. This must be done regularly, once every two weeks.
Those flowers that have formed even before the seventh leaf are advised to be removed, otherwise the plant will not reach the desired size.
Hilling. The earth is raked to the plant from all sides, so when watering, moisture will accumulate, the plant will stop drying out, which means that the root system will become stronger.
Mulching. It is carried out in the same way as hilling to preserve the necessary moisture. Mulching is done with sawdust.
Watering is done only with warm water. It is usually produced daily, but a regimen every other day is also allowed. If there is not enough moisture, any variety of cucumbers will be bitter. If mulching has already been done, then watering should be reduced to once a week.
Weeding mature plants. It is needed only 4 times per season, otherwise you can harm the plant.
Leaf care. If the lower leaves begin to hurt and wither, they should be removed immediately until the upper leaves are infected.

In addition, in order to finally get the ovaries, those cucumbers that are pollinated by insects must be sprayed with a composition that attracts bees.

For liquid, you need to take sugar and water in a ratio of 1 to 10, and a few granules of boric acid.

For reference!

Some gardeners are of the opinion that cucumbers in the open field do not need to be pinched, believing that such plants have enough female and male flowers. However, it's all about the variety of vegetables - in hybrid varieties both types of flowers are always present on the main stem.

Already after the plants are grown and after the first cucumbers appear, check new harvest should be taken daily, overripe vegetables should not be allowed and fruits should be removed on time. In this way, longer fruiting can be achieved.

In order to grow cucumbers from seeds in the open field, less manipulation is required than with the method of growing from seedlings.

But in both cases, only with the right approach to care, it is possible to achieve good results in the harvest.