Types of lampshades. Decorating the frame with a coarse rope

lampshades

Organza lampshade looks just amazing, and you don't need to water such a flower.

Materials and tools:
... Organza of golden marsh and turquoise
... Golden green beads
... Golden wire
... Aerosol acrylic paint golden color
... Lamp
... Glue
... Pliers
... Nippers

1. Cut out 40 petals along an oblique line from two colors of organza.
2. Fold the petals of two colors in pairs and step back from the edge 0.5 cm. Sew a zigzag seam with stitches 2 cm wide. Cut off the excess fabric. Pull each petal slightly along the seam so that the edges are wavy.
3. We cut the wire into 20 pieces 10 cm long and fix it at their ends along a bead. We collect the blanks in a bundle. We twist the ends of the wire so that we get a flat leg. These will be faults.
4. Cut off a 35 cm long wire and string 50 beads onto it. Bend it so that there are 30 beads at one end and 20 beads at the other.
5.Using glue, we fix the petals on the lampshade so that we get a flower.
6. Attach the stamens and a long wire, imitating the brushes.
7. Paint the leg of the lampshade with gold paint.
"Handmade"

making such a lampshade

An ordinary lampshade under an elegant cover looks completely new. The most suitable fabrics are lightweight, stiff and transparent. Choose such tones so that a warm, caressing light emanates from the lamp, white, cream and pink shades create a good mood. You can use an old lampshade with success. For an ugly frame, use an opaque fabric - taffeta, light silk, or thin cotton. If you like the colors of the lampshade, let the design show through the transparent cover.

Curly lampshades
According to this method, the lower cover and the gathered upper cover are sewn separately, which are held by an elastic band. The lining is slipped over the lamp and the upper edge of the lampshade, and the outer cover is attached just below, with the connection hidden under the wide band. Trim the cover with a silk ribbon, light braid, accentuate its narrowed part with a bow, rosette or silk flower - this is a convenient excuse to practice with jewelry. You will need: A concave frame or lampshade. A centimeter, ruler, pencil and scissors. Paper. Textile. Threads. Elastic band 6 mm wide. 2 safety pins. Tape 50 mm wide.

Measurements. Measure the bottom circumference (A) with a centimeter, add 4 cm to the seam. Measure the length of the side (B), add 8 cm to the elastic drawstring. Determine the height of the outer cover (C) and add 1.5 cm for the hem. Write down your measurements.

Calculation of tissue consumption. By taken measurements taking into account the seam allowances, draw a rectangle AxB on the paper. Draw the second rectangle, taking into account the puckering allowance Cx2A. Determine the fabric consumption by the pattern - you need to cut one rectangle of each size.

Open it. Pin the pattern to the fabric along the lining and cut out the outer cover and lining.

Stitching of lining and cover. Stitch short cuts of the lining with a French seam. On open cuts, scribble the drawstrings, first tucking them 3 mm, then 12 mm. Leave a patch on each drawstring to fit the elastic. French seam short sections of the outer cover. Fold one long edge 3mm and stitch. Fold it 3mm again and stitch again.

Lining fit. Thread the elastic into the drawstrings, pin the ends together. Put the cover over the lampshade, tighten the elastic bands so that the cover fits the lampshade. Cut off the ends of the elastic bands and sew them together. Sew the drawstrings with a blind stitch.

How to measure the elastic for the outer cover. Wrap the rubber band around the shade at the top edge of the cover. Pull the elastic slightly so that the cover fits snugly. Cut off the elastic and sew the ends together.

Sewing an elastic band. Fold the elastic in four, mark the folds with pins. Likewise, fold the cover and mark the folds. Pin the elastic to the top edge of the cover from the wrong side, aligning the marks. While pulling on the elastic and collecting the cover in folds, zigzag the elastic.

Finishing. Slip the outer cover over the lining already on the lampshade. Tie a tape around the taper to close the joining line of the covers, attach it with a few stitches. Decorate the lampshade with a bow, rosette, or flower.

Lampshade - "coolie"
You can also sew a cover for a tapered lampshade. Here are the instructions for sewing the floral transparent fabric shade cover mentioned above. This cover is simply glued to a small white tapered lamp shade. If you don't have an old lamp that can be remodeled, find an inexpensive, color-matched lamp shade from your store. You will need: A tapered lampshade. A centimeter, ruler, pencil, scissors. Newspaper. Threads. Ribbon 35 mm wide for tying the top and for the bow. Universal adhesive.

Measurements. Measure the bottom edge of the lampshade (A), add 4cm to the seam. Measure side (B) add 6 mm. Draw a 2AxB rectangle on the paper, taking into account the seam allowances, and calculate the fabric consumption.

Open it. Cut out a rectangle of fabric on the pattern along the equity. Stitch short cuts with a French seam.

Hem. Fold over one edge 3mm and stitch. Fold back the edge 3mm and stitch again.

Pulling up the top edge. Fold the cover in four, mark the folds with pins. Sew along the top edge twice, starting and ending at the pins. Use a pencil to mark four equal areas on the upper edge of the lampshade. Place the cover over the lampshade and, aligning the marks, gather it together to adjust the size. Spread the gathers evenly, secure the threads and remove the cover.

Tying the top. Cut the tape so that there is enough to cover the top edge, add 1.5 cm to overlap the ends. Fold the tape over the gathered edge, fold one cut, attach the tape. Sew the tape to the edge, catching both sides and gathers in the seam.

Finishing. Put the cover on the lampshade, glue universal glue in several places. Tie the remaining tape over the glued area with a bow to mask it.

Advice. Tulle lampshade. So that the cover is made of thin and soft tissue held better on the lampshade, it can be reinforced with a hard tulle lining. Measure from the edge of the lampshade on one side to the edge on the opposite side through the top. Cut a circle of that diameter out of the tulle. Drape it symmetrically on the lampshade and cut out a circle that covers the top. Sew the cover as above, but baste the lining before covering the top edge with tape.

The color of the lampshade under the transparent cover with a small frill at the top is in perfect harmony with the decor of the room. Sew the cover as you would for a tapered lampshade. Cover the seam with a ribbon with a bow or a garland of roses.

Types of lampshades
Making a lampshade with your own hands is not difficult at all - this is a good way to save money.

Table lamps and pendant lights play a prominent role in the interior. These are not just sources of light in the house, but also important decorative elements. You can reduce the cost of furnishing and choose the perfect lamp by making a lampshade with your own hands.

What you need to make a lampshade
Kits for most of our models are commercially available. But if you don't have a lampshade unusual shape, you can find an original old model at a thrift store that you customize to your liking.

Frameworks. The frame consists of an upper and a lower ring, connected by uprights, and a base for the lampshade. The rings and the shape of the uprights determine the type of lampshade. For example, a cylindrical lampshade has the same upper and lower ring diameters. Rings connect straight vertical posts... The graceful "concave empire" lampshade has an upper ring smaller than the lower one and the uprights are smoothly curved inward.

Materials. To make and cover the frame, you will need: Strong cotton tape with a tight weave that is wrapped around the frame so that you can sew on the lampshade. Self-adhesive paper tape if the lampshade is not sewn on. Enamel for painting a metal frame.

Textile. When choosing fabric for your lampshade, follow the rules: Look through the fabric at the lamp and check how it transmits light. An unlined lampshade requires a thick fabric to hide the contours of the lamp and uprights. If the outline is visible through the lampshade, make a backing. The fabric sets off the light of the lamp. For example, blue and green lampshades give a cool light, red and yellow give a warm glow.

Armature. Fixtures for lamp fittings are included with each frame. Usually the lampshade of a table lamp is attached to its stand by a pendant ring with spacers or to a special frame that rests directly on the fixture; small "candle" lamps have clamps that hold the lampshade. Pendant lamp shades are suspended from fittings.

Parchment paper for a sleek lampshade. Self-adhesive PVC sheet is a hard PVC sheet that can be glued to fabric or other material. Decorative finishing that is glued or sewn on to mask the seams and trim the lampshade.

A dark, heavy fabric lampshade lets light in from above and below and creates a directional stream of light.

Thick fabric is not suitable for a pleated lampshade. On the flared lampshade, the pattern is more distinct at the bottom. Check how the folded patch of fabric looks.

A curly lampshade requires soft, easily draped fabrics. The fabric pattern should fit nicely on a diagonal.

Frame fabrication
Before covering the frame of the lampshade with fabric, it must be prepared depending on the type of frame and covering material. For example, if you are making a cardboard hood on a plastic-coated frame, no preparatory steps are required. The metal frame should first be painted with white enamel to prevent rusting. The old frame must be cleaned with sandpaper. If you will be sewing the lampshade to the frame, then you must first paint the frame and wrap it with tape, after which you can sew on the cover.

Frame painting. If metal carcass not covered with PVC, it should be painted. Remove traces of rust with sandpaper. Sand the frame so that bumps and ridges do not damage the fabric. Paint the uprights and rings with white enamel, but do not touch the center ring.

Wrapping the frame. If the frame is covered only with fabric, then you need to wrap it with cotton tape. Do not wrap the hanger and reinforcement ceiling lamp... To calculate tape consumption, measure the length of each strut and the circumference of each ring and multiply by 3. This will be total length braid. If a white tape shows through the dark fabric, paint the tape to match the color of the lampshade.

Wrapping the rack. Cut strips of tape 3 times the length of the rack. Start at the top of the rack. Wrap the end of the tape around the ring, then around the stand to secure the end. Pulling the tape slightly, wrap the rack from top to bottom in a spiral so that each turn covers and holds the previous one. The finished winding must not move.

Securing the winding. When you reach the bottom of the stand, wrap the tape around the ring, thread the end into the last loop to make a knot. Pull the tape tight and leave a loose end. Wrap all but one uprights this way.

Wrapping the top ring. Measure the circumference of the top and bottom rings and the height of the last, unwrapped post. Cut the braid to the specified length. Roll up the tape and secure with a rubber ring, leaving a free end of 20 cm. Hold the end of the tape in front of the top ring at the unwrapped stand. Slip the tape over the ring over the free end, secure the end.

Completion of work. Wrap the top ring, wrap a "figure eight" tape around each rack. When you reach the unwrapped rack, secure it with a "figure eight" and wrap it from top to bottom. Make a figure eight at the bottom and wrap the bottom ring. At each stand, cut the ends of the tape to 1 cm and hide them under the tape wound with a "figure eight". When finished wrapping, cut all ends of the tape to 6 mm, tuck and sew by hand.

How to choose a base stand
The lamp shade and lamp base must be integral. There are several principles to keep in mind when choosing a base stand and lampshade. The shade should completely cover the fixture, but not the lamp stand. The lower diameter of the lampshade should be twice as wide as the widest point of the base stand. The height of the lampshade should be 1-2 times the height of a round or vase-shaped base stand. The height of the lampshade for the base stand and the candle should be 1/3 of the height of the stand.

If you are one of those people who terribly dislike boring things, and you prefer to see only unique interior items in your apartment, then you should think about making things that are amazing for yourself and.

If you look at the picture in general, you can do anything with your hands, and it will be not only beautiful, but also unique. But, of course, it's worth starting with the simplest. To begin with, do exactly the thing that is always in sight, which you will contemplate constantly.

These things include chandeliers, lamps. We suggest making a lampshade for a table lamp with your own hands. Of all the lamps, it is the easiest to make. Plus, a table lamp can be an amazing gift.

How to make a lampshade for a table lamp?

Making lampshades for table lamps is quite exciting. And it is not at all as difficult as it seems at first glance. This requires a little patience, diligence and, of course, some materials.

Master class - lamp shade

To make a lampshade in our case, you need:

• the foundation;
• wire;
• a piece of tulle;
• the cloth;
• beads.

So, let's start making a unique lampshade:

1. Take your old lamp, which has a broken shade long ago. If you don't have one, then buy the cheapest primitive lamp from the store. In the shops where the lamps are sold, you can buy desk lamp without a plafond for a penny.
2. And now that we already have the base itself, we need to make the frame. We make it out of wire, it is better, of course, to involve my husband in this business. If you have a whole plafond, it's just old and inconspicuous, and you decided to update it, then you don't need to make a frame.

3. For a while, we set aside our base, shade or frame and proceed to create decorative elements for our lamp. Take any fabric you like and cut into circles from it. Their diameter depends on how large you want the flower. Our diameter is 5 cm.

4. If you do not have special hot scissors, which, when cutting, immediately process the edges of the fabric so that they do not fall off, use a candle or a lighter. If the edges of the fabric do not peel off, they do not need to be processed.

5. Then take a needle and thread. Sew the edges of the fabric and tighten them well. You will have a beautiful petal. Make a large number of such petals.

6. Next, we proceed to assembling the flower itself. Take five petals and sew them at the very base along the edge, close them into a ring and sew the first and last petals together. You will get a wonderful flower, in the middle of which you need to insert a bead, beads, sequins, a button or other material. It depends on your wild imagination. Do this with all the petals.
7. When you have created a sufficient number of flowers, take your frame or shade and proceed to the most interesting stage.
8. If you are attaching your flowers to the shade, then simply glue them using Moment Crystal glue. It is completely transparent and will not leave marks, even if it pops out a little in prominent places.
9. If you made a frame, then it is better to cover it first. For this, an old, unnecessary tulle is suitable. And on it already sew your flower garden... By the way, you can make the flowers multi-colored and arrange them in a certain pattern. Here you just need to give free rein to your imagination. We have got such a lamp.

And finally little advice... If you're making a wireframe, don't make it too narrow. This will allow you to decorate it with flowers made from even the lightest fabric.

We are confident that such a table lamp will not only go unnoticed, but will surprise all your guests.

Taking on the arrangement of the interior space, it is important to think over every little thing. After all, we all subconsciously strive for comfort and precisely smallest details able to create a special atmosphere, convey the general idea, mood and character of the room. Professional designers claim, and interiors clearly prove that right choice chandeliers can not only decorate the interior of the room, but also make life brighter and more fun. Beautiful shades for chandeliers with original design... You can familiarize yourself with how to make them yourself and what materials are better for this in this article. A detailed, step-by-step master class, as well as visual photo, will be a great help for you in this exciting process.

Material selection

When making a chandelier, it is difficult to single out any one material that would meet all the requirements. Each of them has its own individual characteristics and characteristics. For example, paper, which is the simplest and most affordable material, lends itself well to transformation.

Luminaires made of shards of glass and strips of metal have a dazzling shine and a wonderful appearance... Wood and fabric add warmth and comfort to the interior. Lacy lampshades are notable for their special beauty, captivating everyone at first sight.

In a word, you can make a chandelier with your own hands from anything, the main thing is to be smart in time and turn on imagination.

A paper napkin chandelier is a bold, but justified experiment

We will describe in detail in this article how in an ordinary object you can see its creative potential for creating an exclusive decorative element.

Step-by-step instructions, with a description of each action, will help you make incredibly beautiful and unique lamps from available tools, which will be a great addition to your favorite interior.

What you need to pay attention to before making a chandelier

Many are interested in how to properly make a chandelier in, and other rooms. After all, I want this element of the interior to be not only beautiful, but also functional.

On the one hand, the chandelier is lighting fixture, capable of providing the proper level of lighting in the apartment. Indeed, a lot depends on the choice of light in the room, including the safety of the eyes. On the other hand, I want ceiling structure complemented the interior design, creating a special atmosphere of warmth and comfort.

When making a chandelier, the first thing to consider is the height of the ceiling. For example, a chandelier with a bar mount is suitable for low ones. So, the ceiling will look visually higher. If the ceilings are high - 3 m and more, then it is better to make your choice in favor of a pendant lamp with a hook mount.

Lamp selection

For any room, you need to individually approach the intensity of its lighting.

A small bathroom will require 80-100 watts.
Kitchens need a minimum of 120-150 watts of lamp power.
The living room and the hall cannot do without light bulbs in the range of 150-300 W.

The number and power of lamps are calculated based on the established standards - 20 watts are required for 1 m². electricity. It is also necessary to take into account the parameters of the room, its dimensions and reflective properties.

Edison's designer lamps - look beautiful and unusual

Plafond decoration

The appearance, decor and design of the shade play an important role in the design of the chandelier. It is selected for the interior of the room, depending on the style. Crystal for classics, metal and glass for, wood will perfectly fit into country or chalet style, fabric and silk will perfectly suit Provence style.

To illuminate a room on several levels, you can additionally make wall sconces or floor lamps.

Step-by-step manufacturing workshop

You don't have to start from scratch to create a beautiful ceiling decoration. Take a look around, for sure you have a thing in your house that you have not used for a long time. And who knows, maybe it will be she who will become the main item in the manufacture. original lamp... Moreover, there are now more than enough ideas and inspirations for creativity on the Internet.

Important! It is best to start searching for the things you need from the kitchen or balcony. It is there that we store all sorts of trash that was once so necessary for us and with which, as often happens, it is so difficult to part with it later.

Spectacular mug chandelier

As strange as it may sound, but it is from dishes and other kitchen utensils that the most unusual and interesting models of lamps are obtained. For example, tea mugs are ideal material to create a spectacular light fixture.

For work we need:

• Mugs
• Saucer
• Drill
• Porcelain drill with special hole

We make it quickly and easily

1. At the bottom of the mug, make a small hole for the wire with a drill, attach the electric cartridge and bring the wire out. It is advisable to close the hole with a plaster mixture.
2. Next, the mug must be glued to the saucer, where there should also be a hole, insert a light bulb and hang the newly made lamp in the right place.

As you can see the original and fashionable design can be obtained from completely ordinary items.

Mesmerizing yarn chandelier

Since this is a fairly simple product, we need a minimum of things to make it, namely:

• Wire with a cross section of 4-5 mm.
• Nippers
• Thin thread
• Multicolored yarn

Manufacturing instruction:

1. A ring is made of wire, the diameter of which will correspond to the future size of our chandelier. To get a perfectly even circle, you can wind it around any object that has a cylindrical shape.
2. We bite off the excess wire with pliers, leaving 2-3 cm in stock on each side. We tie the ends with a thin thread.
3. It remains to dress up our chandelier beautifully and brightly. To do this, we cut the yarn in such a way that the length of each segment is twice the height of the shade.
4. Alternately, on a knot, we tie the resulting strings until we hang the whole ring with them. From the same yarn, we make a fastener for a hook.

You can use such a lampshade both as a chandelier and as a decorative element that decorates the interior of the room.

Combining the skills of macrame and papier-mâché, you can get a stylish chandelier for the bedroom

Important! For the manufacture of such a lamp, instead of woolen yarn, you can use any other thread. The main thing is that it fits harmoniously with your interior.

Unusual teapot lamp

How to make a chandelier yourself from ordinary teapot, you will learn from this master class. Here's what we need for this handmade masterpiece:

• Kettle
• The wire
• Electro cartridge
• Metal chain

Step-by-step manufacturing guide

1. First of all, the bottom of the kettle is cut out. This is done in such a way that the resulting cutting edge is not sharp, otherwise it will be possible to injure yourself.
2. Next, an electric cartridge is fixed to the lid of the kettle, the wire of which is led out through a small hole drilled at the top.
3. A chain is attached to the handle of the kettle, through the links of which a wire is threaded. The lamp is ready.

Let's breathe new life into bottles

Glass bottles, especially if they have beautiful shapes, can be used to make a wonderful chandelier. Required material:

• Thin rope
• Flammable liquid (alcohol or gasoline)
• Glass bottles (preferably colored)
• Edison lamps (having a beautiful spiral)
• Wire and electromagnet

Do it yourself

1. We wind a rope around the bottom of the bottle, having previously moistened it in a flammable liquid. Then we set it on fire and let it burst, and we begin to slowly rotate the bottle around its axis until the rope burns out to the end. After that, we lower the bottle into a container of cold water, wrap it with a towel and, with a little effort, break off the bottom.
2. To prevent the cut edge from being sharp, it must be sanded. To do this, it will be enough to twist the bottle in sand or fine gravel for a couple of minutes.
3. It remains to correctly mount the electrical cartridge, stick out the wire through the neck, screw in the light bulb. From the remaining bottles, the rest of the lampshades are made in a similar way.

This chandelier will perfectly fit into the interior made in any, especially if you hang it over the bar counter.

Decor from cans

Lamps made from cans are no less beautiful. They are made in a similar way as from bottles. The only difference is that the bottom of the jar does not need to be cut off, as clear glass is usually used for shades.

We need:

• Beautiful thick-walled cans (preferably with a relief pattern)
• Hammer and nails
• Wire, electric socket
• Spray paint
• Edison lamp

How to do it right

1. To begin with, using a nail and a hammer, holes are filled in a circle in the lid, after which the inner part is carefully squeezed out. The diameter of the circle must match the diameter of the base in the chuck.
2. We insert the cartridge into the cover, mount the wire.
3. Next, paint the lid along with the cartridge in the color of our choice. Metallic paint with a golden overflow will look best.
4. It remains to screw in the light bulb, close the lid and install the lamp in its proper place.

We all know what a globe is, but not everyone knows what delightful things can be made of it. For example, a nice lamp shade for a chandelier that will perfectly fit into the interior of a child's room.

Here's all we need:

• globe
• Bulb
• Electric chuck with retaining element

Step-by-step master class

1. Usually, the design of the globe is not integral, so in order to get the desired element, it is necessary to divide it into equal two parts (hemispheres).
2. Further, at the top of the hemisphere, you need to make a hole for the cartridge. The best way to do this is to use a drill with a crown.
3. The electric chuck is installed in place and securely fixed with a retaining element. Congratulations, your chandelier is ready!

Suspended horn structure

Making a unique lighting device out of deer antlers is quite a simple matter, the main thing is to have the necessary material on hand.

Such designs are famous for their special sophisticated appearance and are best suited for high-rise rooms. Such chandeliers are used in many interiors, but they look especially attractive in country, chalet or rustic style.

As a rule, the shades of such chandeliers have various forms, and only natural material is used for their manufacture.

We will need:

• Antler
• Rope
• Copper wire
• Electric socket and wire
• Bulb

To make a chandelier like this

1. Observing the safety rules, according to the diagram, we connect the wire to the electric cartridge.
2. Next, the wire needs to be beautifully wrapped with a decorative rope. For better fixation, you can use an all-purpose transparent adhesive.
3. With the help of copper wire, horns are attached to the bottom of the resulting rope, placing them 2 cm above the cartridge.
4. We repeat a similar procedure with the rest of the shades, then combining them into a single composition.

A do-it-yourself table lamp is one of the most available ways decorate the interior and give it individuality. As soon as designers and amateurs do not scare over them! The reason is simple: in relation to functionality and possibilities of creative self-expression to the required costs of materials, labor and skill, the table lamp is firmly in the top of the leaders among household items. In this article, and we will see what you can do with it, without really straining your hands or your wallet. Just fiction.

Which one to do?

Rack table lamps (pos. 1 in the next figure) illuminate the working area, which does not require prompt movement of the light spot on the table surface: dressing table, desk... Possibilities decorative design in this case, the largest. Technically, the design of a desk lamp on a stand is the simplest. There are practically no possibilities for operational adjustment of the size of the illuminated zone. Adjusting the illumination of the working area is possible if there is a thyristor voltage regulator in the lamp, but the spectrum of the emitted light changes significantly.

A huge advantage of rack-mount desk lamps is the ability to obtain relatively by simple means so called cosecant-square radiation pattern (DP) of the illuminator, see also at the end. Cosecant-square DN provides, within a certain angle φ, almost uniform illumination of the working area (see the figure on the right), which sharply reduces fatigue from intense intellectual work.

Lamps with a breakable articulated arm (item 2) are more suitable for technical creativity. Lamps on a pantograph arm at home are impractical and technologically complex, and making a lamp on a flexible arm at home will cost more than buying a ready-made one.

The design of the table lamp on a breakable arm is limited by laconic and utilitarian forms. The design is more complicated than that of a lamp on a stand, primarily due to the requirements for ensuring electrical safety, see below. The possibilities of operative regulation of light in the working area are wide both in terms of the size of the illuminated area and in terms of its illumination with a constant spectrum.

Console table lamps (item 3) are less common in everyday life, because for stability, they require a heavy base and, most often, a counterweight, which complicates and increases the cost of the structure. Console lamps have fewer possibilities for operational light adjustment in the working area than lamps on brackets, but it is possible to obtain a cosecant-square DN.

Table lamps without raising the light source above the reference surface are no longer table lamps, but night lamps (pos. 4). The fundamental difference between the one and the other is that the night lamp does not have a working area with certain requirements for light in it. Accordingly, the light from the night lamp can be anything you like, as long as it does not harm your health.

Design

In any type of table lamp, a trace can be distinguished. structural elements:

• Electromechanical - ensures the stability of the luminaire and the safe supply of power to the lamp holder.
• Reference - supports the illuminator or reflector and, possibly, allows you to change its position.
• Illuminator - a light bulb in a lampshade or reflector.

Electromechanics in the design of a table lamp plays a role only insofar as it can be hidden in the support of the illuminator. Design delights fall on the support and lighting. In rack lamps, as a rule, the lampshade carries the main aesthetic load, and the rack complements it; in hinged ones - on the contrary. But there are plenty of exceptions to this rule.

Electromechanics

The wiring diagram of a table lamp is simple: a power plug, a cable, a switch, a bulb holder. Sometimes a voltage regulator is added. The pendant lamp holder E27 (for the base of a lamp of normal width, item 1 in the figure) can only be attached to the threaded shank M10 or M12. The cartridge for a narrow base-minion E14 is also attached to a thread or to a lamella in the form of a steel strip; the socket under it is shown with a green arrow in pos. 2. For a table lamp, chandelier holders (item 3) with threaded union flanges are best suited: between them you can clamp a steel faceplate with a lampshade frame or a clamp for mounting on a hinge. Drawings of the E27 chandelier electric cartridge of various modifications are given in pos. 4.

It is necessary to make a table lamp in such a way as to ensure its electrical safety. This is especially true for hinged and console lamps. Achieving the safety of a table lamp is quite simple:

1. The cable must be taken round with double insulation.
2. The conductive cores of the cable are flexible, made of many wires. The cross section lived from 0.35 sq. mm.
3. Places of cable routing through conductive or damp structural parts must be protected by sufficiently strong flexible dielectric bushings, cuffs or elbows.
4. The cable inside the lamp structure must not be taut.

A diagram of the mechanical part of the support with a load of a homemade rack table lamp is shown in Fig.:

The cable is tied in a knot from the inside before entering (highlighted in color) or pulled through the holes of the dielectric fixing washer so that, by pulling it from the outside, the cable cannot be torn inside. Decorative trim made of polymer clay (plastic, cold porcelain) on a bob made of cut plastic bottle- the best option at home, but, of course, only one of many. If you want, for example, to carve the decorative shell of the rack out of wood - please, if only the mechanic would sit down properly. but polymer clay as a material for a table lamp stand allows you to realize the most original ideas its decor and fully meets the safety requirements: dried polymer clay is a mechanically strong, non-wet, non-combustible dielectric.

Original supports

It is not necessary to fence in a rather complex and requiring turning work support of a rack table lamp if its lampshade is light, for example. made of threads (see below) or thin hard plastic, and it is not supposed to place a dimmer and other electronics in the support. In this case, a fairly stable lamp support is obtained from a "pot-bellied" glass bottle with a wide bottom, pos. 1 in fig. A narrow bottle can be made heavier by throwing stones (pos. 2), steel balls, etc. into it. The holder of the lampshade is fixed on the neck with a standard screw plug or a piece of solid EPS polystyrene, ground in along the neck thread.

The hole for the cable in the bottle is drilled with a tubular thin-walled diamond drill. But glass is not at all like a tile, so you need to drill it in this way:

• The bottle is placed on its side and secured securely.
• Around the future hole, a plasticine rim with a height of 2-3 cm is sculpted.
• Water is poured into the resulting hole.
• Drill under a layer of water at not less than 2500 rpm with the most gentle and smooth feed.

How to make a table lamp from a bottle of Jack Daniels whiskey, see the video below:

Video: do-it-yourself table lamp from a bottle

Such a lamp will organically fit into, steampunk and other technogenic and utilitarian. Just don't make the mistake, don't try to make her lampshade out of flower pot or any other utensils. Technogenic-utilitarian styles are not a senseless heap of rubbish, their concepts are clearly thought out. Interior elements for them should be related to industrial, not agricultural or food production... A lampshade, for example, is needed from a tin reflector from an old industrial hanging lamp on a pantograph, a car headlight, a small spotlight, etc.

In fig. on the right is shown a very original version the support of a "real big" table lamp made of ... rope! It is done in this way:

1. The rope is taken from a natural organic layer 6 + 1, i.e. 1 strand along the axis and 6 around the circumference;
2. A piece of rope is stretched by hands and loosened, turning simultaneously in different directions against the direction of the twisting of the strands;
3. The axial strand is carefully pulled out and a thin-walled copper tube with a fishing line threaded into it for tightening the cable;
4. The rope with a tube inside is pulled together, turning with your hands in the direction of the twisting of the strands;
5. The ends of the rope are firmly fixed to the tube by winding with a cord;
6. Tighten the cable into the tube;
7. The workpiece is bent and knitted. You need to bend a little, carefully so that the tube does not break;
8. The rope is tightened again, picking up the puckered strands, and impregnated with acrylic varnish.

Note: the tube must be taken for air conditioning systems, made of oxygen-free copper. The red-copper gas or electrical tube in the assembly is likely to break.

Hinge features

The mechanical part of a table lamp on an articulated arm is more complicated. The lamp shown on the left in the figure does not meet the electrical and fire safety: the cable is caught in combustible parts and may become stretched when handling the illuminator. Its hanging down loop can be caught in semi-darkness with a hand or a sharp object.

The cable to the bulb holder in a table lamp on a hinged bracket should be routed along dielectric fireproof elbows either between the sidewalls of its links, or, if the hinge link is one-piece, along its top, in the center and on the right in Fig. In this case, the cable must be secured to the hinge link. If the hinge links are tubular, the cable is routed inside them. In any case, Ω-shaped cable loops with a diameter of 60 mm or more, but not less than 12 cable diameters, are made over the kinks of the hinge links. At the transition of the cable from the bracket to the illuminator, the Ω-loop is made from 90 mm, but not less than 20 cable diameters.

The balance of a table lamp on a hinge varies widely and it is rather difficult to ensure its stability with a load. Because of this, manufacturers sometimes invent such systems that it is easier to shine with a flashlight than to adjust the light from such a miracle, see Fig. left. For this reason, hinged table lamps are often fitted with screw clamps.

As a screw clamp for attaching a homemade table lamp to a table top, a small carpentry clamp is excellent, see fig. on right. Better than a lamp clip from a furniture store: cheaper, more reliable. The grip of the clamp is wider and the lamp can be attached to any worktop thickness imaginable or unthinkable. It is necessary to ask the carpentry, tk. sponges of locksmith clamps without a soft coating.

The clamp is turned into a lamp holder using a socket made of a steel tube with an inside diameter of 10 mm and a length of 120-150 mm. In the tube approx. for half the length, make a longitudinal cut with a width of the thickness of the clamp holder. The socket is fastened to the clamp with through bolts. A steel pin with an eyelet, which is a fixed link of the lower hinge of the lamp bracket, is inserted into the socket tightly, but not tightly. Hooks for hanging chandeliers with an end bent into a ring are well suited here; the thread does not prevent them from turning smoothly in the socket.

When adjusting the clamp to the lamp holder, you need to remember that its holder is made of highly carburized steel; so it is necessary that the jaws of the clamp do not succumb under the back pressure of the parts being compressed. High carbon steel is very hard and quite brittle, so you need to drill it with a carbide drill at 800-900 rpm with a not strong smooth feed. Do not pound with hard objects or try to bend the clamp holder!

Illuminator

This desk lamp assembly should give correct light into the work area and is often the main decorative element... First of all, it should be noted here that compact, lightweight and economical LED illuminators (see fig.) Shine well only in 3D models. In reality, their light is still far from satisfying the health requirements for local work lighting.

Reflectors

Hinged table lamp illuminators are made reflective, the lampshade is too bulky and heavy for them. The reflector must be parabolic, it gives a fairly concentrated and even light. You can make a single conical reflector yourself, but the light from it is uneven, tiresome to the eyes, and a lot of it is “scattered” to the sides in vain. Reflectors of good articulated table lamps are made with a reflective surface of the 4th order of curvature (for example, in the “Hobby”, which has not lost its popularity for more than 20 years), but it is unrealistic to build one on your own.

The way out, if a suitable reflector is not found, is to use a krypton incandescent lamp with an internal reflector, it is also of the 4th order of curvature from conscientious manufacturers. In this case, the manufacture of the illuminator is reduced to installing around the light bulb shells of any shape from any sufficiently strong and light material to protect the lamp from accidental shock.

The reflector of a table lamp illuminator on a hinged arm must have an opening or openings at the top for the heated air to escape. Housekeeping fluorescent lamps and LEDs seem to heat up poorly, but from being in a heated air cushion their resource sharply decreases, and they are not cheap.

Shade

Illuminators for rack desk lamps are made in the form of a light bulb underneath. Its purpose is not only to be a fertile field for decoration, but also a partially translucent reflector that provides the necessary illumination of the working area. set value... The table lamp shade can be made by rigid frameless and soft on the frame. The frame of the lampshade is most often made of wire in the form of a truncated straight cone, on the left in the figure, with simple (in the center) and complex (right) curvilinear generators.

The simplest way to cover a straight tapered lamp shade is with tape strips. It is laborious, but good in that the outer surface is smoothly curved, without fractures. The seams on the rims of the lampshade are masked by ruffles (pos. 1 in the next figure), braid, fringe, etc.

It makes no sense to cut the fabric in the form of a sweep of a truncated cone for trimming a conical lampshade, because as a result of tightening the material, the lampshade will turn out to be not conical, but faceted, pyramidal. It will be easier to sew a lampshade cover from wedges, the patterns of which are built step by step completely without using geometry:

• A sheet of thin cardboard or thick rigid paper is applied to the frame section;
• Cardboard / paper is tied to the frame with an elastic band or tape;
• The contour of the pattern is outlined from the inside, this will give an under-coverage of the fabric necessary for tight fitting of the lampshade with it;
• The fabric is taken in satin, twill or staple weave;
• Cut so that the warp threads are oriented along the longitudinal axis of the pattern.

The finished lampshade is often decorated with rosettes, bows, etc. For such a case, there is an interesting design technique: the main fabric is taken thin, well translucent colorful, and the rosettes are sewn in pale pastel colors or very light, pos. 2. In the light, the lamp stands modestly in the interior, but if you turn it on in the dark, everything is colored.

How to fit a lampshade

On the frame of the lampshade with complex curved ribs (with a "waist") sewn cover you can simply throw on and pull off with ribbons (pos. 3), thread, elastic band. But according to the rules, covering the lampshade with fabric is done like this:

And in a different way?

There are other ways to make a table lamp shade that allow you to embody a variety of original design ideas in the material. For example, a dummy mandrel (item 1 in the figure) is glued from ordinary writing paper and impregnated with acrylic varnish twice. After the varnish has dried, lanolin is rubbed into the block several times until it stops absorbing. A blank coated with lanolin is wrapped with a thread stretched through PVA glue, as in the manufacture Christmas tree decorations do it yourself. The device for pulling the thread through the PVA is shown in Fig. right below. The finished hard cover of the lampshade is fixed with drops of glue on the frame, which in this case can only consist of a lower rim, fastening ties and a faceplate for a chandelier cartridge.

The same dummy is used to make a rigid seamless lampshade made of thin synthetic fabric. Cut out like a sweep of a truncated cone (with an allowance), a block is wrapped with a cut. The fabric is fixed at the edges with paper clips and impregnated with acrylic varnish with a wide strip in the middle. When the varnish is dry, the staples are removed and the edges are soaked on the outside. The paper is ripped out of the dried lampshade. The cuffs are trimmed inside, thick fishing line is put in the bends and fixed with drops of glue.

A frame with curved ribs can be braided horizontally with strips of fabric (item 3) or narrow ribbon, newspaper tubes, straws, etc. Ordinary propylene twine is excellent in lighting technology, but its aesthetics ... not very much ... Finally, a soft textile cover for the lampshade can be sewn with a simple straight sleeve along the diameter of the lower rim, and pinned on top, pos. 4.

Quite original

The following 3 lampshade options for a table lamp are outwardly extravagant, but provide very good lighting performance. Which, by the way, cannot be said about many homemade textile lampshades... For example, we buy (it is a sin to steal, as Captain Barbosa from Pirates Caribbean») Milky plastic cover for street lamp... Not too expensive, perfect light transmittance with light diffusion, and won't beat. And at the bottom there is a wide opening through which enough light will come out for local working lighting. We decorate the outer surface of the plafond with decoupage on transparent basis or we paint by hand. What happens in the end - see fig. But this, of course, is an option for an amateur, resistant to psychedelic influences.

Plywood or board-glued lampshade (see next figure), due to internal reflections, has good light transmission and greatly softens the light. You can even put an LED bulb with a frosted bulb in a table lamp with it. Hoop - embroidery hoop different diameters... In the same way, you can make a table lamp, integrated with a lampshade (on the right in the figure). It will take up a lot of space on the table, but it looks original, “environmentally”, and the light is very soft, not tiring.

A table lamp integrated with a lampshade can also be made from the same wonderful material -; in a thin layer, it is translucent. The jellyfish lamp (see fig. On the right) is made from it. The manufacturing procedure is as follows:

Green lamp

Review old photos with Lenin, Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt, Theodore or Franklin Delano, Mahatma Gandhi. Or, if you like, with Hitler, Mussolini, General Tojiyo, Chiang Kai-shek. And take a look at their table lamps. Really, they look like the one on the left in the rice? Which in the USSR was not sold to the "broad strata of the population"? And which gave rise to the popular expression "green lamp"?

Luxurious green table lamps antique and modern

"Green lamps" are still produced and sold well. True, judging by the prices (on the right in the figure), they did not become more affordable for ordinary citizens. The secret of the "green lamp" is in the lampshade made of green glass painted in mass, covered from the inside with a translucent (more precisely, 3/4 transparent) layer. The shape of the lampshade corresponds to a well-defined mathematical law. Within wide, approx. 3 diameters of the lampshade, the working area of ​​the DN of the "green lamp" is practically cosecant-square, and then its illumination very smoothly turns into a greenish twilight. I slightly raised my gaze from the papers - my eyes and mind are resting.

Good lighting can radically transform any room, just as poor-quality lighting can make a room uncomfortable and gloomy. For example, in restaurants and cafes, soft warm lighting always prevails, conducive to relaxation and rest, but cold and harsh light in hospitals, on the contrary, strains the eyes. V winter time we especially lack sunlight, but we want the house to be light and comfortable. Beautiful floor lamps and lamps can create a cozy home atmosphere. But if you have not found a suitable model in the store, then you can make a lampshade for a table lamp with your own hands. We will learn more about how to do this in this article.

How to start creating a lampshade?

First, we choose a lamp or several lamps at once that you decide to transform. Devices with LED and energy-saving lamps are perfect for this.

Important! Please note that regular light bulbs can burn through fabric.

First of all, we remove the frame on which the new lampshade will be sewn. If it is not there, then you can buy a new one at a hardware store or a specialized salon.

In principle, the frame can be made with your own hands, for this you need to purchase pliers and thick wire. At the expense of the form - here you can fantasize as much as you want. But in order to arise less problems, it is better to make a tapered or cylindrical frame.

What materials can be used to make a new lampshade?

Before considering how to make a lampshade for a table lamp with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with possible options selection of materials at hand. Even the most old lamp can be made stylish and attractive.

You can use the most different materials... For example, beautiful fabrics, old photographic film, beads, ribbons, fabric and knitted flowers, plastic, mesh, various paper and even wallpaper.

And now let's take a closer look at the most popular options for transforming old lamps and creating real masterpieces.

DIY paper lampshade

Paper lampshades are made not only by folk craftsmen, but are also sold in the most ordinary stores where furniture for the home is presented. As a rule, they are not cheap, so it is more rational to make them yourself.

Important! The shape of such a lampshade can be any, and due to this they can be used in a variety of modern interiors.

For these purposes, you need to buy only the highest quality and densest paper so that the product will last as long as possible.

Important! It must be remembered that the thickness of the paper will determine how strongly the lampshade will transmit light.

There are several types of paper that are ideal for making these products:

1. Rice paper lampshade. Such material adheres perfectly to old lamps, which gives them a new shine. Often finished goods decorate with special stamps, in particular in cases of using a single-color base. White lampshades are in perfect harmony with muted shades and natural materials.
2. Lampshades from wallpaper. This idea is especially attractive for its minimal financial costs. You can even use the remnants of wallpaper lying around after repair.

Important! The most popular option is to make a cap for a table lamp in the form of an accordion:

• First, a piece of wallpaper is taken about one and a half meters long and no more than 30 centimeters wide.
• Then it is folded into an accordion.
• After that, the resulting lampshade is perforated and laces are threaded into it.
• Then the structure is glued together.

Lampshade for home made of mesh

And now let's look at how to make a lampshade for a floor lamp with our own hands from the most ordinary metal mesh, which you can even find in your garden or in the country:

1. You can shape this material into any shape, because you just need to connect the ends and create at your discretion. More often, products are made in the form of an ellipse or a ball. To get this shape, you need to use a ready-made frame made of thick cardboard or strong wire.
2. A mesh lampshade is attached to the lamp cable using the same wire.

Important! The finished lampshade can be decorated with weaving from colored laces or artificial flowers.

Lace lamp shade

With the help of such lampshades, you can make the interior of your home more elegant and light. The lace itself, depending on the variety, allows you to make the light brighter or diffused.

Important! These items look great in children's rooms, bedrooms and living rooms.

Here are some helpful tips to help you along the way:

• Naturally, lace will be the main material for making such a lampshade for a table lamp with your own hands. But if for someone they seem too expensive, then you can replace them with lace napkins or pieces of old curtains and tulle.
• The material must be cut correctly in order to give it the shape of a circle, strip or square.
• The most difficult to glue with special glue individual elements, so this should be done as carefully and carefully as possible.

Important! Lace can be glued even to the most ordinary balloon or a prepared frame covered with paper or fabric.

Stylish beaded lampshade

Now we will learn how to make a frame for a lampshade with our own hands, which will then be covered with beads. In this case, you can make a base from the same wire or an old frame. But the product itself will be made of beads, not paper or fabric, as in previous cases.

Important! Such a lampshade will perfectly transmit light, and the result itself is a real admiration.

To work, you need a frame, fishing line and, of course, beads:

1. The end of the line should be well attached to the base, and you can string beads on it, making knots between them so that they do not move.
2. Then the other end of the line is attached to the frame.

Important! The process of making such a lampshade is quite laborious, but all the work is compensated for by a unique decorative effect.

Original fabric lampshade

Many needlewomen are interested in how to sew a lampshade for a table lamp from various fabrics left over from the manufacture of other interior items or sewing clothes.

Important! In principle, lightweight, dense and stiff fabrics are suitable for this. Some craftsmen even manage to make wool lampshades - it all depends on the interior of the apartment and their own flight of imagination.

If you already have a wire frame, it is best to use an opaque material that will help hide it, such as taffeta, cotton, or dark silk.

Manufacturing process fabric lampshade consists of several stages:

1. Making a template to cut correctly the right amount material:
   1. If the frame is in the shape of a cylinder, then you can measure the circumference and draw one line on the fabric, and then measure the height and mark it with the second line. After that, you only need to finish the two remaining sides and cut out the finished template.
   2. If the frame is conical, then you need to lay out the paper, and use a pencil to mark the dotted lines on the sheet as it passes over the sheet. The wireframe should scroll completely. Then we connect the lines and cut out the template.
2. We attach the template to the already finished frame in order to check if it fits clearly in size. In case of discrepancy between its dimensions, you need to take measurements again and make a new template.
3. Having received the template that is correct by all measures, we attach it to the fabric:
   1. If you have chosen a material with a print, then you need to arrange the template in such a way that all the elements of the picture look in one direction.
   2. You need to apply it to the wrong side of the material, and then attach it with pins.
   3. Then we outline the template and be sure to make small allowances.
   4. Carefully remove the pins and wrap the allowances inward.
   5. Fix the fold line with pins.
4. We sew the resulting details onto sewing machine on three sides, one - must remain untreated, so that it is possible, then to form a seam directly on the frame.
5. Using the iron, we thoroughly smooth out the fabric blank.
6. We cover the work surface with a piece of old tablecloth or paper, lay the fabric on it. Apply glue to it and wait a few minutes.
7. We glue the fabric to our frame and hide the raw cut. The seam must be made as accurate as possible.
8. Leave the finished lampshade for a while to dry completely. Within a day, you can put it on your favorite table lamp and enjoy the result.