Is it possible to plant girlish grapes in containers. Plant care

Maiden grape is translated from Greek as "virgin ivy". This is a huge, unpretentious liana that forms berries without parthenocarpic pollination. There are about 10 types of maiden grapes, which differ from each other in the number of veins on the leaf (1-7) and color.

Girlish grapes are a very common way to decorate hedges, facades, fences, balconies and loggias in many cities of Russia and foreign countries... The reason for this is a number of indisputable advantages:

beautiful appearance;
unpretentiousness of the plant;
creates shade in hot weather;
protects from the wind.

Growing features

In nature, this grape uses taller trees as a support on which to bloom its vines. Since this plant loves shade by its nature, it can be perfectly grown on balconies facing east or west. Planting on the northern side of the loggia is also possible, but only in a warm climatic region and an apartment on the upper floors. It is important that the balcony is not obscured by other structures or trees from the street.

It is generally not recommended to grow grapes on the balcony on the south side, since you will have to water it daily and abundantly. And this plant needs a lot of water, since the length of a grape liana can reach up to 12 m.

Girlish grapes on the balcony

Some types of wild grapes grow up to 4 m each year. In this regard, it is necessary to make a support for it in advance so that the plant can trail unhindered. But there is also one nuance here: girlish grapes grows both up and down, so the best option for him there will be an arch. If all this is taken into account, then in further care will not bring much trouble.

For maiden grapes, supports are needed

Popular varieties of maiden grapes for growing on the balcony:

Tri-pointed (ivy). Was withdrawn in the Far East. It is a powerful liana with large carved leaves and blue berries. A characteristic feature is strong antennae that firmly cling to the support.
Five-leafed in Russia came straight from the tropics, so it does not survive in all regions. It reaches a height of up to 15 m. The leaves consist of 5 oblong petals.
Attached is a cultivar native to North America that grows up to 7 m. It is a small vine with rounded leaves consisting of 3 petals and a yellow-gray bark of the trunk.

Pot planting instructions

To grow wild grapes on the balcony, you will have to purchase a large pot. Its volume should be from 100 to 120 liters, depth - at least 50 cm. Material - ceramics or wood. Holes must be made at the bottom of the pot so that water does not stagnate.

Growing grapes in a pot

There are three options for the cultivation of maiden grapes:

from seeds;
from layering;
from seedlings.

Seed planting is the most time-consuming process and is therefore used only in extreme cases. In autumn, ripe berries are collected, which are cleaned of pulp, leaving the seed. Then they are planted in the soil for seedlings to a depth of 1 cm, then watered and weeds are removed from the pot. The sprouts will appear only next year.

Growing with layering is an easier option, but it requires more space, which is not always possible in a balcony. This is done as follows: a stem up to 2 m long is buried in the ground in a wave-like manner, that is, one part of the branch with a bud is buried in, and the other is left above the ground.

Maiden grape saplings

The most fast way The propagation of wild grapes is considered to be from seedlings. Since the plant has good vegetative properties, there should be no problems with planting, it is enough to follow the step-by-step instructions:

Separate the shoot from the adult plant.
Place it in wet sand.
Cover with a plastic cap.
Wait for the roots to appear.

Ready-made rooted seedlings can be purchased at a specialized store. When buying, you should pay attention to the root system of the plant, if it is open. You should not choose shoots with weak and short roots, as they are unlikely to take root. It is best to buy grapes already planted in a pot. Although this will increase costs, it will reduce the risk of losing the plant a month after purchase.

Sale of seedlings

In the recommendations for the choice of soil, in order to grow maiden grapes in an apartment, gardeners are unanimous about the substrate enriched with humus and humus. However, the plant is not really demanding and will grow in whatever land it is planted in. In nature, girlish grapes spread over leafy ground, respectively, at home, it is she who will be the best choice.

The wild grapes are planted at home in a pot from early spring to late autumn. Prepared containers can be placed directly on the balcony floor and filled with soil. It is advisable to put drainage on the bottom of the container.

Important! For the first 2 years, the grapes will be trudging with small thin branches. For them, you need to place supports for which he will cling with the antennae.

Immediately after planting in a pot, the seedling must be watered abundantly. In the future, watering for an adult plant should be at least 1 time per week. The soil should be ventilated to prevent mold growth. To make it easier for the plant to retain moisture in the heat, you can sprinkle the soil with tree bark.

Top dressing and pruning

Nitroammofoska for feeding grapes

Since the girlish grapes on the balcony are deprived of the natural influx of organic and mineral substances, additional feeding is needed for its full development. It is she who is an important component of plant care. This is especially important during the fruiting period of the plant.

In spring or early summer, you can add 40-50 g of nitroammophos per 1 sq. m.
During active growth, the wild vineyard needs to be fed organic fertilizers (manure, chicken droppings).

Important!The soil in the pot should be loosened often, but be careful not to damage the roots.

Another important condition proper maintenance is pruning to form the bush. It can be carried out starting from the second year, removing dry leaves and young growth.

As for pests, the winegrower cannot escape them even on the balcony. Most often, girlish grapes infect aphids. In the fight against it, a solution of water with alcohol (add 100 ml to 10 liters) and ordinary laundry soap have proven themselves well. The first is to spray the crown from a spray bottle, and the second is to lather the leaves, washing off the insects.

Damage to leaves by pests and diseases

For the first wintering, grapes with a pot are brought into a warm room, cutting off young shoots. In the future, this will simply be impossible, since wild grapes grow before our eyes, becoming unmanageable. The trunk and branches of the plant easily tolerate frosts, but the roots will have to be covered (with rags, straw, a thick layer of mulch).

If you follow the tips and recommendations above, the girlish grapes on the balcony will grow out in the first two years and will delight the eyes of passers-by with green foliage in summer and burgundy foliage in autumn. The main thing is not to forget the key points: abundant watering in the heat, pruning forming the crown and warming for the winter.

Description and types of maiden grapes

There are about 20 varieties of maiden grapes that grow in North America, the Himalayas and East Asia... Some varieties are evergreen.

But the most popular were deciduous vines, since they are less whimsical and successfully take root in almost all climatic zones. Caring for this plant is quite simple. Girl grapes, unlike other varieties of the Grape family, do not need pollination.

Besides its gorgeous decorative foliage, it is famous for its exquisite small black berries. They are inedible, but are an exquisite adornment of decorative vines. The most common deciduous species are: triangular, Vich, five-leafed.

Triangular maiden grapes

In summer, the leaves of the creeper are green, and with the onset of autumn, their color changes to bright red and brown shades. Growing countries - Korea, Japan, as well as the territory of Primorsky Krai.

This vine, thanks to its strong, branched tendrils, can very easily climb smooth walls. The glossy foliage has a chic decorative look, creating a dense green carpet.

This variety is recommended to be grown in southern areas, since the plant is quite light-loving. Reproduction takes place by sowing seeds. The period of planting seeds falls in the fall, as long-term stratification is required.

Seedling maintenance is almost not required.

Vicha variety

HIV is quite common. Differs in simple large leaves green color. With the onset of autumn, the foliage takes on a bright red color.

This type is very readily used for vertical decorations in European countries. Vicha reproduces by lignified cuttings. Growing by sowing seeds is impractical as the seeds bifurcate and lose their ability to grow.

In the first year of life, the planted cuttings grow rather slowly, and require constant care - feeding and watering. But in the future, their growth reaches 2.5 m in height. This variety is willingly grown in apartments on the balcony, terraces and gazebos are decorated.

Five-leaf maiden grapes

This species is a woody climbing vine, the height of which can reach 20 meters. This species first appeared in North America and Mexico. This variety is distinguished by its finger-like complex dark green leaves with pointed ends.

The most common species of this genus is the Engelman variety. It has rather tenacious branched antennae-suckers. The leaves are in the form of five lanceolate dark green leaves, the length of which is 12 cm. The plant has reddish petioles.

With the onset of autumn, the foliage acquires a red-purple color. This liana is characterized by rather active growth (growth of 1 m per year) and requires proper care. With such a decorative look, it looks great on the balcony. Look at the photo of these varieties.

They have significant differences in appearance.

Features of the cultivation and formation of maiden grapes

The only disadvantage and at the same time a great advantage is the abundant and active growth of branches. This often happens when the plant is not properly cared for and is not properly pruned. decorative look foliage and berries, grapes have beneficial influence on the microclimate and air, since it performs the function of noise insulation, gas and dust protection, and also has phytoncidal properties.

Densely overgrown foliage very well protects against summer heat, and also helps to reduce dampness in the premises. Planting maiden grapes is a simple process. Almost all varieties of tree lianas are undemanding to the quality of the soil.

They do not need their increased fertility. The main thing is that the earth is not dry and depleted. Liana tolerates slight soil salinity quite easily.

Planting of adult and large plants is carried out in deep holes, the width and depth of which should be 50 cm. These holes should be with good drainage and filled with fertile soil.

Young seedlings are planted in spring. The distance between each plant should be at least 60 cm, care at first consists in regular watering.

Watering, feeding and pruning

Caring for grapes includes regular watering, feeding, as well as the construction of the necessary supports to give the plant a decorative look. Timely watering is especially important. Drying out of the soil can lead to the loss of girlish grapes of their unique decorative effect.

For feeding, use nitroammofosku - 40-50 g per one square meter... This fertilizer is applied in early summer or spring. During the period of active growth, the plant is fed with 200 g of Kemira Universal, but this is not all the proper care needed for grapes.

It is very important to carry out regular loosening of the soil, removing weeds, pruning, which is necessary to remove damaged and unnecessary branches. Pruning can also be done to reduce plant volume. Watch an educational video on how to properly care for grapes. All types of maiden grapes are very willingly used for landscaping fences, walls, gazebos, as well as doors on the balcony ( on the picture)... Bright mosaic of leaves, which turns red and brown with the onset of winter, is simply mesmerizing with its beauty.

How to propagate maiden grapes yourself

Propagation of girlish grapes is easy enough. There are two ways how you can grow this tree-like liana at home:

Stem layers, lignified cuttings, seeds.

For growing in the first way, it is necessary to use and prepare planting material - stem layers. Prepare several young shoots up to 2 m long. Bury them in the grooves to a depth of 3 cm and water regularly.

As soon as the first roots appear on the cuttings, the plants are planted in open ground at a distance of 20 cm from each other. It is best to plant in the fall in the morning or evening. Experienced gardeners often do not prune layers.

They are simply bent to the ground, pinned, for example, steel wire, then sprinkle with earth. Then the care is simple: they are regularly watered, and the next year, when the first roots start up, the layers can be separated and planted separately.

It is not advisable to use apical layers with dormant buds for reproduction. effective way Growing vines is a method of propagation by woody cuttings. To do this, in late spring or early summer, cut off a few good branches with ripe leaves and put them in a glass of water.

The cut of the shoot must be made 2-3 cm lower from the leaf. After a while, the cuttings will give the first young roots. It is necessary to regularly moisten the branches by spraying.

It is quite possible to propagate girly grapes using seeds. But this process is quite troublesome.

At the beginning of autumn, seeds cleared of fruits are sown in the ground. The very next year, in June, the first shoots appear. Also, seeds are planted in the spring, but only after a long stratification, which takes about 2 months.

The advantage of the second method is the rapid germination of seeds - within a few weeks after sowing. Before sowing in the spring after stratification, it is better to soak the seeds for several days in warm water... Seeds are planted to a depth of about 1 cm.

The seeds have a fairly long storage period and do not lose their germination throughout the year.

Growing maiden grapes in the house and on balconies

Girlish grapes have found their use even in apartments. They successfully decorate the door on the balcony, cornices, window openings. Planting plants in a residential area is carried out in boxes.

The process of planting lignified cuttings is the same as in open ground. It is advisable to mulch the plants with peat and cover with polyethylene for the winter. With the onset of spring, the shelter is removed and supports are placed, to which young branches are tied in the required direction.

Maiden grapes can freely decorate the entire door on the balcony in one season. You can see a detailed description of all methods of growing maiden grapes in the video materials. To decorate the arches with maiden grapes, woody cuttings are used and preferably long. The lower part is rooted, and the upper part is tied to a support. In 2-3 years, the arch will be completely entwined with this decorative liana.

Wintering maiden grapes

With the onset of autumn, the grapes require proper care. It consists in collecting fruits to obtain seeds. As soon as the first frosts pass, the seeds will no longer be suitable for planting. Therefore, the berries must be picked before the first frost.

Subzero air temperature will lead to a massive fall of foliage, which must be removed, otherwise dampness will keep on the walls. In each subsequent year of life, the frost resistance of the plant increases. However, young vines, especially those grown from cuttings, must be covered with snow or some kind of covering material. In the future, they will get stronger, and the need for shelter will disappear. The only pest of all varieties of maiden grapes is aphids.

The benefits of grapes

In addition to its decorative appearance, maiden grapes are famous for their beneficial properties. Thanks to research by scientists, in its branches were found: glucose, fructose, apple and lemon acid, a mass of useful trace elements and vitamins. Fatty oils contained in berries have antioxidant properties. Maiden grapes are widely used in oriental medicine.

In city apartments, you can grow grapes on the balcony. The easiest way to plant a ready-made grape seedling, if you want to tinker, you can grow it from a cutting. For grapes on the balcony, you need to create suitable conditions. The balcony needs to be insulated, you can buy polystyrene, it has good heat-shielding qualities. Choose a suitable support for the vine; if the balcony is not on the south side, then increase the illumination. better lamps daylight, which are fixed on the ceiling of the balcony or on the walls from the sides. The grapes need lighting from eight in the morning to nine in the evening. The capacity is needed for 50-60 liters, the more the better.

Well suited for this purpose plastic barrelscut in half. If nothing else is available, a regular 10 or 12 liter bucket will do.

At the bottom do drain holes and put the containers in a pallet with sides 6-8 cm high. An ordinary basin will do. A layer of expanded clay is poured onto the bottom of the container for drainage with a height of 4-5 cm.On top of it is laid gauze soaked in a strong solution of potassium permanganate, and an earthen mixture is poured on it, consisting of garden soil mixed with sawdust at the rate of (3: 1), in the mixture it is desirable add wood ash. Cutting of the desired variety for two days, soak in a growth stimulant solution or in water with the addition of honey. Then we bury the stalk in the center of the container in the middle, burying it into the soil to the upper bud.

Cover the cutting with a 2 liter glass jar. In 2-3 weeks, the roots usually appear at the cutting. The temperature in the room at this time must be kept at 25-27 degrees.

Then we remove the can and water it as necessary, usually once a week, and if it is very dry, then twice a week. The grape vines are shaped so that it is convenient for you to use. The grapes are very flexible and young, not lignified shoots can be placed in any direction, at your discretion. Usually grapes begin to bear fruit in the second year. The ripening period for home grapes is determined by its maturity and it depends on the grape variety. The growth of a grape bush can always be stopped by shaping, pinching or chasing. If over the years the bush has grown strongly and it becomes difficult to cope with it, then you can grow a new seedling using layering of this variety or according to the above technology, and old bush can be planted in the garden.

Interesting articles:

The grape is a deciduous woody liana. Propagated by cuttings, 5 to 35 cm long, cut from mature wood. Cuttings are cut either in the fall after the leaves fall, or in the spring, before the buds begin to grow.

Cuttings should have at least two buds, one 2 cm below the top and one 2 cm above the bottom, but cuttings with 3-5 buds are usually used. Cuttings cut in the fall are stored in a damp rag on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator or tied in bunches - they are dropped into damp ground. In the spring, before planting, the lower cut is renewed and treated with a root growth stimulator, and the upper cut is dipped in melted paraffin or coated with garden varnish. Sometimes heat treatment is practiced. for which the upper part of the cuttings is placed in snow at -2 ° -0 ° C and left in this position for 3-7 days.

At the same time, the lower part is in the air at a higher temperature, which in the future has a positive effect on root formation. The grapes are not picky about the soil, but good drainage is of particular importance in the pot culture. In the summer, during the period of growth and fruiting, grapes require maximum lighting and tolerate conditions well dry hot air, but with sufficient watering. In winter, especially after leaf fall, a temperature of about zero is permissible with the very minimum watering and nutrition.

IN room conditions the main defining requirement is to create maximum illumination for all leaves of the vine. Therefore, the plant is more often formed in one sleeve - the trunk. Pruning vines for fruiting before the start of the growing period

Pruning the vine after the formation of the ovaries Pruning the vine after the end of fruiting and the leaves falling After the formation of the desired length of the sleeve, they proceed to pruning for fruiting, bearing in mind that the clusters are usually formed on the shoots of the current year, which grow on the wood of the previous year.

In autumn, two shoots are left on the sleeve. The longest (conductor) is placed horizontally at the bottom or forms a ring from it when standard form... All side shoots the conductor is removed.

The second shoot is greatly shortened into a stump with three buds. In spring, fruit shoots develop on the guide, on which flowers are formed. Moreover, in the beginning, they allow a larger number of eyes to germinate than it is planned to have fruit shoots, because if the main bud dies, then the shoots from the replacing buds are often sterile.

Fruit shoots are directed vertically upward along the window or twisted along a conductor thrown into a ring. After the formation of bunches on the fruit shoot, they pinch it, leaving one or two leaves behind the bunch.

All non-flower-bearing shoots are removed or pinched after 3-5 leaves. Such sterile shoots can be identified at an early stage, since it is known that above the first tendril on a green shoot, flowers do not form. A hemp with three buds allows two shoots to grow freely.

In the fall, one of them will form a guide for the next year, and the second will be shortened again into a stump with three buds. At the same time, the fertile conductor with fruit shoots is cut out, thus repeating the entire pruning cycle.

When pruning, it is necessary that the wounds are located on one, preferably the inner side of the sleeve and other perennial parts of the bush. If lighting and heating conditions allow, then the grapes can be harvested twice a year, producing a very strong pruning after the first fruiting. The grapes are manually pollinated by tapping on the trunk or by transferring the pollen to the palms during cross-pollination. In the first year of fruiting, no more than two bunches are left on the vine. In the following years, the number of bunches can be gradually increased, bearing in mind that maximum yield usually 1.5 kg per plant. In addition to removing excess clusters, thinning is often practiced in indoor conditions.

The main treatments against them are carried out during the absence of leaves after pruning. Once every 3-4 years, the old bark must be removed from the trunk and destroyed. Growing grapes on the balcony.

In principle, there are no obstacles for people who do not have garden plots or vineyards in order not to grow grapes for themselves. All that is required for this is a sunny balcony or terrace.

Correct planting of grapes.

For balcony (terraced) viticulture, a capacity of 100-120 liters is required. This can be a ceramic or wooden pot. It is important that the container has a depth of 40-60 cm and that there are holes in the bottom to drain excess water.

At the bottom of such a container, we place a drainage layer (5-10 cm) made of expanded clay, gravel or crushed ceramic flower pots. The vine does not tolerate excessive moisture in the root system and such drainage and drainage hole in the bottom should provide adequate conditions.

We fill the pot with garden soil, which is purchased from a garden store, the so-called soil for flowers, half mixed with sand. The ground should have a PH response between 6-7. It is important to plan the future behavior of the vine in space.

It can be lifted on a specially prepared structure of slats, placed on the wall of the building, between the handrail of our balcony and the balcony above, or fixed directly to our wooden pot. There is large field activities for the realization of your own imagination and ingenuity, but the principle that the planned structure should always provide the conditions for: the plant twists and rises freely along it, good heating of the vine by the sun, and its ventilation (the structure is placed at a distance of 15 cm, from the wall).

The corresponding structure need not be made in the first year - we can do it in the second year after planting. In the first year, it is enough to tie the shoots to a stick driven into the ground near the seedling.

The choice of grape variety.

We choose the variety according to our own preferences. It is worth paying attention to what follows, based on the limited space, to select the varieties that grow the least.

Planting and grooming in the first year.

For balcony-terrace viticulture, it is more profitable to use cuttings. This is due to the limitation of the amount of land at the disposal of the root system. The purchased seedling should be planted slightly deeper than it grew in the container.

Near the seedling, but so as not to damage the roots, we drive a stick to which we will tie the growing vine. During the period of shoot growth, the plant should be watered (not abundantly!) And any weeds that may appear from the pot should be removed.

It is also worthwhile to periodically fluff the ground to a depth of about 5 cm. It will be enough to fertilize the plant with a handful of mineral fertilizers (eg Azofoska), but no later than the beginning of August.

After the leaves fall off in the fall and the shoots become woody, it is worth the first pruning of the vine. Be sure to cut the vine into 2-3 buds. Often, among newcomer growers, you can find those who regret pruning "shoots growing so well."

However, for the good of the plant, such sentiments should be discarded. And cut! Sprinkle the pruned vine with earth before winter.

Protection of grapes from frost.

In principle, there is one major difference between on-site viticulture and balcony-terrace. This applies to the protection of the root system against winter frosts. When growing a vine in a pot (barrel), the roots of the plant should be very carefully insulated from all sides.

Not only from the sides, but also from above, and also (which is sometimes forgotten) and from below! Every good idea is, first of all, to prevent the root system from freezing in winter and to ensure the earth temperature is at least 6-7 C. One of the most effective methods is insulation with expanded polystyrene plates.

Also for this purpose, you can use dry leaves, straw and others natural materials... Of course, the most profitable place for the pot to winter would be a basement or garage. However, based on its weight, this is a rather difficult operation.

Second year of cultivation.

In the spring (end of March, beginning of April) we remove the thermal insulation from the pot and carefully rake the soil poured over the seedling. If in the previous year we did not make a supporting structure for the vine, we do it now.

We water the land abundantly, because it did not receive the necessary supply of moisture from the snow and the spring thaw. We fertilize the soil with a handful of mineral fertilizer and plow it to a depth of about 5 cm. Other principles of balcony growing are identical to growing grapes on the site.

Pruning the vine.

Pruning rules are similar to those for open vineyards. However, due to the specific living conditions of the vine, it turns out that best practices are: short cut, Cordon Roya, Guyot formThey make it easier for the plant to hide for the winter. In the case of growing on a balcony better shape is the Roya cordon, with a perennial perennially tied shoulder to the railing and sprouts that rise along the lattice placed between our balcony and the balcony above. I wish you, dear readers, a wonderful harvest grapes on the balcony.If you have something to add, please be sure to leave your comment

It will also be interesting ...

Growing grapes Growing grapes on the site. Wire mesh systems are better suited to grapes. But growing on a fence allows the grapes to grow ... The calendar of the grower. Vineyard work calendar. In different places, the growing season of plants occurs at different times, we may have different weather, ... Vegetables on the balcony. Vegetables on the balcony - growing step by step. Growing vegetables on the balcony - perfect solution for city dwellers who do not ... Strawberries on the balcony How to grow strawberries on the balcony. Strawberries on the balcony perfect option for those people who do not have a garden. There are very interesting ... How to cut grapes. Pruning grapes for beginners. No systematic pruning vine gives not only smaller and sweeter bunches, but also turns into ...

Many people like to savor a bunch of grapes while watching TV at home. But only a few people know that you can eat your own grapes grown in an apartment or on a balcony. Home plot poorly suited for this purpose, since weather conditions and the lack of special soil will prevent this southern and heat-loving plant from ripening. Further, we will not talk about the industrial amount of grapes and not even about the possibilities of harvesting for the winter, but the whole family will be able to feast on their own grown product.

Is it possible to grow grapes on the balcony

With the minimum horticultural equipment that every hobbyist has country landings and simple agricultural techniques, you can grow an excellent vine at home.

One of the most popular varieties for growing on the balcony is "Isabella"

First of all, you need to choose seeds for planting that will not be afraid of the weather conditions in the region and will be able to bear fruit well. In many regions of Russia, seeds such as Kish-mish, Laura, Northern and Taezhny take root better. These varieties will not be afraid of frost and other climatic features. different regions... If the seeds that are acquired from a fruitful, good vine, then they will take root and will not hurt much.

The soil for planting should be made with your own hands from different ingredients, since special formulations for growing grapes in stores is not possible.

To prepare the soil, you will need sand, humus and sawdust. The sand must be calcined in a pan and mixed with humus in the proportion of one part of sand to two parts of humus. The soil for seedlings should be loose and moist, and it is for the looseness of the soil that sawdust should be added.

What gardening tools should be prepared to grow grapes on a balloon or in an apartment.

A spray bottle, which you can buy, for a small price, at any hardware store, or purchase a regular spray nozzle and use as a container plastic bottle from under the mineral water.
Baking powder. You can use the children's iron rakes from the sand play set or a regular old fork.
Scissors.
Small bottle or container for watering. Many people use the container that comes with some irons or plastic jugs for dairy products.
Pots.

FROM minimal set means for growing have been determined, now it is worth preparing seeds and seedlings for planting.

Grapes on the balcony (video)

Preparation of planting material

Depending on the desire and possibilities, grape cultivation starts with three possible options... With the help of seeds, in this case, the seeds must be properly prepared for planting in the ground. Pick up a few good grapes, the variety that can take root in the area, clean the seeds from the berries themselves and rinse well. Dry on a cloth, put in a bag and place in the refrigerator door for about a third of a month, take it out again and repeat all the steps from the beginning. By mid-February, remove the seeds from the refrigerator and spread them on a damp cloth or cloth, and put them in a warm place for 4-5 days. You should constantly check for moisture on the napkin. After the first roots hatch, the seeds can be primed. You will need pots with a volume of 3-5 liters.

Growing grapes from cuttings is more convenient, it is necessary to buy planting material in the fall, when the vine is pruned.

To store the cuttings, use sawdust, which is placed in a bag with cuttings and stored in the refrigerator. Twice a quarter the sawdust is changed and the blackened cuttings are removed. In February, it is necessary to get planting material, cut each into several separate parts, moreover, the upper cut is straight and the lower slant, and both are 20-30 mm behind the buds. When preparing these parts, at least three buds should be left. The resulting parts are soaked in melt water for two days. Then dry a little on a cloth.

Saplings. It is much more convenient to buy planting material in the form of seedlings just before planting in the ground, but this method is somewhat reminiscent of buying a pig in a poke. If the first two options allow you to find out which grapes will grow, then the seedlings can be of any variety and will not take root in the difficult climate of the middle lane.

Plant care

Growing a culture on a balcony or at home requires careful constant care, watering and feeding.

The vine requires light, so plant pots should only be placed on the sunny side.

Watering in strong sun is necessary very often, sometimes even twice a day. Once every twenty days, it is necessary to feed the grapes with nitrogen fertilizers. A growing vine requires an increase in the amount of soil and grapes need to be replanted as they grow. It is also worth noting that it is necessary to properly cut off excess shoots so that the power of the plant goes into the ripening of berries, and not into an increase in greenery. The optimal shoot size is 1.5 meters.

Grapes growing on the balcony

So that growing vines would not be torture, you should qualitatively prepare the balcony for the temperature regime. The balcony must be glazed, insulated along the floor and bottom walls.

The best option would be to grow on the balcony, which is located on the south side, as there is more light and heat. The side windows of the balcony and the window to the apartment, next to which the grapes are gaining strength, should be covered with reflective material, you can use very dense aluminum foil, which in ordinary life used for a variety of culinary recipes.

The floor on the balcony is insulated using any thermal insulation materialwhich you can buy at construction market or at a hardware store. average temperature in winter, on the balcony where the grapes grow, should not fall below 10 degrees.

If the spring is too cold, then you should worry about lighting in advance and hang a couple of fluorescent lamps on the balcony.

It is not recommended to transfer grapes from cold to warm, since a sharp change in temperature will harm the vine; it is better to close containers with a plant with a non-woven covering material on very frosty days. Polyethylene is contraindicated in this case.

Moisten the soil in the pots where the grapes are planted in winter period it is necessary from a spray bottle, spraying.

Maiden grapes: balcony decoration

Girlish grapes on the balcony are more of a decoration than a food product. These grape varieties are not eaten, and the vine is used for decorative functions. Growing wild girlish grapes on the balcony is very similar to the way regular grapes are cultivated.

Girlish grapes do not require balcony glazing, so they can be a decoration for anyone, even open balconyfacing the north side. Creeping shoots are attached to the balcony walls and railings to create a natural, green terrace.

Maiden grapes are not whimsical, but they require watering and feeding; on the sunny side, watering is needed more abundant and frequent.

Well-sprawling shoots will be able to close the balcony from the sun's rays, thereby making a living, cozy gazebo in which you can escape from the scorching sun, at the same time enjoying the clean air.

Growing vines on the balcony is a laborious task, but in any case it pays off. Either it will become a delicious harvest of beautiful berries, or a cozy green balcony drapery. Grapes can be grown in an apartment, but the abundance of shoots and the constant transfer of pots is a laborious task, so most people create vineyards on balconies and loggias.

The benefits of maiden grapes (video)

Experienced gardeners won't see big problems in this activity, and will be able to enjoy the fruits of their labor, collecting juicy bunches of grapes.

Attention, only TODAY!

The balcony of a multi-storey building can be turned into a cozy place to relax. To do this is quite simple, for example, planting girlish grapes. Moreover, this decoration is suitable for both open and closed balconies... In length, such vines can reach 8–12 m. How to grow grapes on the balcony?

Wild grapes are notable for their bright leaves, which can be green, burgundy, red and yellow, as well as dark blue berries. In nature, such vines grow in the lower layer of the forest. They usually use taller, upright trees as supports.

Girlish grapes are moderate shade-loving plants... Thanks to this, the culture can be successfully grown on balconies oriented to the east, west and north sides. It should be remembered that vines are recommended to be grown in a mild climate and on a balcony not obscured by buildings and trees. On the south side, growing grapes can be problematic as they need to be watered abundantly every day.

The flowering period of the culture falls on June – July. Berries appear in late summer / early autumn. Favorable climatic conditions favor fruiting until October.

Required tools and materials

To grow wild grapes on the balcony, you will need the following materials and tools:

a small clay, plastic or cardboard pot for growing planting material;
plastic wrap to shelter seedlings from the cold;
organic and mineral fertilizers;
shovel;
garter rope;
frame, posts or pegs made of wood, metal or plastic;
gardening scissors;
watering can;
deep wooden container with a volume of 60 to 350 liters;
priming;
expanded clay or crushed stone of medium fraction for the device of drainage.

Grape growing process

Growing grapes on the balcony takes place in several stages:

preparation of planting material;
growing a plant in a temporary container;
transplanting grapes into a permanent container;
preparation of the bush for wintering.

Preparation of planting material

from seedlings, cuttings and seeds. Usually, the first method is used, since a feature of this plant is its excellent vegetative qualities. To get a seedling, it is enough to separate the young shoot from the plant stem and root it. For these purposes, you can use a small container of wet sand. After that, the container is covered plastic wrap and leave in this form until roots appear at the cutting. A dimly lit place is suitable for growing grapes, since with constant exposure to sunlight, the leaves will dry.

The time to plant a plant on the balcony depends on the climate. It can vary from March to November. If the grapes are planted in the fall, then you need to take care of the plant's insulation. In most regions, plants are transplanted into temporary pots in spring and transplanted into a permanent large container in summer or autumn.

Seat preparation

Most suitable soil for grapes, leafy land is considered. The soil should be moderately nutritious and loose. Water should not stagnate in it.

For temporary cultivation, you need any container. A drainage layer should be provided at the bottom of the container. For these purposes, you can take expanded clay or crushed stone of the middle fraction.

Planting plants in a permanent pot

Usually grapes grown on the balcony are planted in a permanent container in summer. For planting, you will need a shovel, soil, expanded clay and a large container. It is recommended to plant wild grapes in a new pot at the same depth at which they were planted in the previous container. The seedling must be watered before planting. In a new pot, planting material should be placed at a slight slope.

Plant care

Grape care consists in abundant watering and pruning of overgrown lateral shoots. It should be remembered that all branches should be cut back to healthy wood. Also, for normal growth, experts advise regularly making organic and mineral supplements.

If you plan to grow grapes on the balcony vertically, then you need to build supports or install arches for which it will cling. Vines can also grow downward.

When growing girlish grapes, it must be remembered that you cannot add additives to dry soil. This can lead to a high content of one or another mineral in the roots. Also, this method of feeding leads to the fact that the fertilizers applied will not be absorbed. That is why each mineral is recommended to be applied at a certain stage of the growing season.

Fertilization scheme for growing grapes on the balcony:

The first, most important, top dressing is recommended after the buds have blossomed and the grapes are preparing to set the ovaries. This usually happens in early March. First you need to water the ground. Only after this should a complex of trace elements be added. At this stage special attention it is recommended to give nitrogen-containing fertilizers, since the growth of foliage, which is necessary for the plant in spring, depends on them.
The following dressings are made in summer. For these purposes, fertilizers are used, which include all minerals and trace elements. Supplements should be added once a month. As a result of the introduction of complex fertilization, not only the grapes themselves are strengthened, but also the ovaries.
After the bunches are of standard size, the nitrogen fertilizer must be completely removed. It is better to give preference to phosphorus and potassium supplements. Thanks to them, the berries will ripen well.
During the ripening period of berries, it is recommended to refuse feeding with three main minerals. It is only recommended to spray the grapes with special mixtures of microelements designed for ripening berries. In addition, in order to prevent cracking of the fruit, it is necessary to minimize the number of waterings.
After harvesting, you need to do one more top dressing. It is necessary for the maturation of wood for the next year. For these purposes, mixtures are suitable, which include potassium, phosphorus and magnesium. Thus, a general mineral background is created, necessary for wintering and the first days after the grapes wake up from winter sleep.

When growing grape bushes together with mineral fertilizers, it is advisable to add a complex of humic acids, which help the roots of grapes to process and assimilate the minerals introduced. For better ovary and quick ripening, it can be sprayed with hormonal growth stimulants. Such substances are advised to be introduced as follows:

when flowering;
with the growth of ovaries;
when ripe.

Lighting

In spring and autumn, the girlish grapes on the balcony need additional lighting. Especially additional lighting is needed for vines growing on balconies with a north orientation. Also, the backlight will be needed in the spring for the first two months. After the berries fall off, the foliage no longer needs intense lighting. It is necessary to turn on the backlight in the spring after the leaves come out of the buds, and the vine begins to actively vegetate.

Temperature regime

The stems of most varieties are hardy enough. They can easily withstand frosts of 20-30 degrees. Wherein root system the grapes are very tender. In its natural environment, it goes deep into the soil below the level of soil freezing. Therefore, the ground on the balcony can freeze completely.

Problems can be avoided by placing the bush on a fully glazed balcony. It is also recommended to make wall and floor insulation. It is desirable that the temperature on the balcony during the cold season does not drop below zero, but does not exceed +10 degrees, otherwise the grapes may wake up ahead of time. It is not recommended to bring the tub with the plant into a warm room when cold weather sets in, since it is possible to harm the culture. This is due to the fact that wintering buds do not tolerate temperature and humidity changes.

Also, in winter, you need to take care that the land with grape bushes does not dry out. To do this, experts advise mulching the soil. Also, occasionally it should be moistened with a spray bottle. It is not recommended to cover the bushes growing on the balcony with plastic wrap, as this can harm the grapes.

Common varieties

The following varieties of wild grapes are suitable for growing on the balcony:

Five-leafed. The foliage of this variety is palmate, has an oval shape. In spring and summer, the leaves are green, in autumn they are bright red. The vine has antennae, thanks to which it can rise. Distinctive feature This variety is that the vine rises and falls along a certain path. The length of the vine can reach 10 m.
Tri-pointed. Characteristic feature of this variety are three-lobed leaves. In appearance, the liana resembles ivy. Leaves have a variety different shape and color. Such grapes are unpretentious and grows quickly.

Pests and the fight against them

Aphids can appear on the tips of the grapes growing on the balcony. In order to get rid of it, you will need soapy water to which alcohol is added. The resulting solution must be sprayed on the leaves. You can also treat the foliage surface with laundry soap.

Maiden grapes are a vine with bright colorful leaves... The leaves can be red, yellow, and green, and the berries are dark blue. The plant is about 8-12 meters long. It is grown mainly on the balcony. Girlish grapes on the balcony are beautiful and original. The plant will decorate not only the balcony, but also the fence and even the wall of the house or summer cottage.

The maiden grape is a liana with brightly colored leaves. The leaves can be red, yellow, and green, and the berries are dark blue.

Maiden grapes bloom in June and July, and berries appear in early September. The tree bears fruit until October, depending on the climate.

Features of planting grapes

Maiden grapes grow either in the shade or in a semi-dark place.

The soil should be rich in organic matter, humus. The plant should not be planted too close to each other, at a distance of 3 meters.

To grow grapes you will need:

clay, cardboard or a plastic cup for planting a grape sprout;
a film to cover the pot from cold and wind;
shovel;
fertilizers;
garter ropes;
poles or pegs for the plant to grow in the right direction;
garden shears for pruning the vine in spring;
watering can.

Back to the table of contents

Growing technology

Back to the table of contents

Purchase

It is better to plant grapes in a semi-sunny place: it will dry out in the scorching sun, and wither in the shade.

When buying seedlings of girlish grapes, you need to pay attention to two points: the graft of the seedling and the roots. If the roots are weak, then they should not be allowed to be wrapped in a plastic bag - the roots should be in a convenient pot.

It is better to plant grapes in a semi-sunny place: it will dry out in the scorching sun, and wither in the shade. If the sun warms the plant, for example, for half a day, then in the fall it will have a luxurious "dress". The soil should be moist and rich in humus. On the balcony, grapes need protection in winter, so you need to plant them in a pot and regularly monitor the moisture of the earth.

Back to the table of contents

Landing

The maiden grapes are planted in spring. It sits in a container, and already from the container it can be transplanted both in summer and autumn. Top dressing is necessary. You can use humus or compost for it.

In summer, the soil must be actively moistened. In order for moisture to be better retained in the soil, it can be sprinkled with fine tree bark.

In the fall, the plant reproduces. The cutting is planted in a pot and covered with a film cap. Before planting in open ground, you need to tear off the leaves from the cutting.

Back to the table of contents

Pests

If annoying aphids have appeared on the tips of the plants, then you can get rid of it in two ways. The first method is to rinse the leaves with water. If this option did not help, then treat the leaves and stems with laundry soap; you can also add alcohol to the solution.

Back to the table of contents

Care

The grape has a peculiarity: it rises up the roof and walls and falls down the same walls and roof.

Saplings can be planted at any time.
For this you need a shovel. It is necessary to dig a hole and plant the plant at the same depth at which the seedling in the pot grew.
Before planting, the seedling in a pot must be watered.
The seedling is placed at an angle.
The seedling must be pruned throughout the season. Do not cut in winter. You need to prune branches to normal healthy wood.
Around the seedling you need to make a circle for watering.
Attach a wire nearby so that the plant can hold.
It is better that it does not twist around the drainpipe: when the foliage begins to fall, it can clog the pipe.

Back to the table of contents

Maiden grape varieties

Back to the table of contents

Five-leaf maiden grapes

The plant has five-part palmate leaves. The leaves are oval. The plant clings to objects with antennae and rises up. The grape has a peculiarity: it rises up the roof and walls and falls down the same walls and roof. The leaves of such a plant are bright red by autumn and green in spring and summer. The height of the grapes reaches 10 meters.

Back to the table of contents

If the plant grows constantly in the shade, then it will not have a bright color in the fall.

The plant has three-lobed leaves and looks like ivy. This is the more popular and common plant variety. The leaves are of different shapes and colors.

Both plants can decorate any kind of fences, gazebos, roofs, balconies and walls. Plants are usually planted for decoration. They grow fast and are not picky. The main thing is that the soil is suitable and the sun warms up. If the plant grows constantly in the shade, then it will not have a bright color in the fall. If the soil is dry, then the plant needs watering.

Girlish grapes are used as a decoration for flower beds, namely for background... On the front, you can safely plant roses and other flowers. A flower bed with maiden grapes will look luxurious and very beautiful in autumn.

Back to the table of contents

Varieties of parthenocissus

The maiden five-leaf grape is also called parthenocissus.

His homeland is China. The climate is moderate for him, such as in Russia, Asia, America. But by creating a suitable temperature, the plant can be grown in other climatic zones.

Back to the table of contents

Description:

Liana, which has tetrahedral leaves, in the spring the leaves are bright green in color, in the fall they turn into burgundy.
Practically does not bloom.
Flowers are small, greenish, almost invisible in the axils of the plant. And the berries are small, juicy and bluish in color. They begin to ripen in the fall.
The temperature at which Henry grows well enough is 10-12 degrees.
Humidity should be moderate.
Lighting is necessary. The more light, the better plants will grow.
Propagated by Henry cuttings.
Watering is carried out plentiful in summer and spring, moderate in autumn, and does not need watering in winter.
Pruning, as well as watering, is carried out from spring to autumn, stops in winter.