Decorative plastering technique. Decorative plaster

Decorative plaster is a finishing material that is used indoors, including with high humidity, as well as for facades. Using this tool, original textures are created on the surface, some of which look like works of art. Even a beginner can complete such a finish. The main thing is to know how to apply decorative plaster.

The following requirements are imposed on decorative material:

vapor permeability - this provides the base with protection from condensation, therefore, an environment favorable for the occurrence of mold and mildew will not arise under the material;
moisture resistance - this parameter is recommended to be taken into account if the decorative agent is used for plastering the facade or surfaces inside rooms with high humidity (pools, bathrooms);
ease of application - this is important for DIYers who decorate with their own hands;
color of the product - in this case, they are guided by their own preferences, however, it should be borne in mind that some materials give a different tone after hardening;
price - professionals advise choosing a product of the middle price category, since not everyone can afford a too expensive tool, and the tool does not always justify such a cost, and too cheap plaster is of poor quality.

Types of decorative means

It is important to know how to apply decorative plaster, the video will be given below, and which tool to choose. The material has several classification options. By the type of coating formed, the following funds are distinguished:

Embossed. They create various irregularities and bulges on the building base. The main advantage of these products is that you do not need to thoroughly prepare the surface for them. It is enough to level the base and repair large defects. Small drops and minor flaws will be corrected by the plaster itself.
Textured. Such products contain mica particles, small stones and other fillers, which form an original texture on the surface. Under such a plaster, a thorough surface preparation is also not performed. It is enough to make the base even and free from large defects. The material is applied with conventional construction tools. The use of special devices is not required.
Structural. They are a homogeneous product. The product is applied to the surface, leveled, and then, using special tools, create a relief, as in the photo below. For this, rollers or various techniques for performing the structure are used.
Smooth. These decorative materials include Venetian plaster. With the help of the product, an imitation of marble, wood, leather and other textures is created on a building base. The main advantage of the product is its attractive appearance, the disadvantages are its high cost and complexity of application. Lovers without experience in applying decorative plaster are not recommended to use "Venetian".

Before talking about how to apply decorative plaster correctly, you should first choose the right material. According to the field of application, the following types of funds are distinguished:

For facades. In this case, it is recommended to use textured materials. The packaging must be marked "for exterior decoration". Only such products will withstand temperature extremes and the negative effects of the environment. Among the facade decorative plasters are "bark beetle" and "fur coat".
For interior decoration. Any material will work here, but it is important to consider where exactly the tool will be used. For the bathroom and kitchen, only a moisture-resistant composition is suitable. For dry rooms, any plaster is used.

According to the composition, acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral agents are distinguished. The choice of material depends on the type of building base, the place of finishing and the budget. Acrylic compounds are considered universal. Such plasters are suitable for any type of surface, for interior and exterior decoration.

Required tools

For beginners studying the question of how to properly apply decorative plaster, and a video on this topic, it is also recommended to familiarize yourself with what tools will be required during the decoration. To apply the material you need:

a clean plastic bucket for mixing the solution;
industrial mixer or drill with mixer attachment;
half-scraper;
trowel;
scraper;
a set of spatulas;
roller and brushes.

Solution preparation

If decorative plaster is used (how to apply - see the video below), it is important to properly prepare the product. If a dry mixture is used, then water is added to the product and mixed with a construction mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment to obtain a homogeneous solution of the consistency of thick sour cream. The proportions of the products are indicated on the packaging. After that, the agent is left for a few minutes, no more than 10. Then the solution is stirred again and used as directed.

Preparation of the building base

Whether it is possible to apply decorative plaster on the starting plaster is a common question for amateurs. Professionals say that such a finish is not only acceptable, but also necessary if there are large drops and deep cracks on the building base. Decorative plaster will not relieve significant defects. For this reason, the surface is plastered before applying the finishing agent.

The building base is preliminarily freed from the old coating, cleaned of dust, dirt, mold, mildew, greasy and oil stains. Then remove unreliable fragments of the building base and apply a primer. Only then do the plastering work. When the last layer dries, the surface is primed twice and proceeds to decoration.

Methods for applying the composition

How to apply decorative plaster depends on what type of decorative coating will be used.

Splashing

The easiest way to decorate the surface, which even a beginner with no plastering experience can perform. For this, a smooth decorative plaster is applied to the surface in one layer. Next, another agent is sprayed on top of the material with a broom and a stick. The broom is immersed in the solution, brought to the surface and hit with a stick. A splash of material creates an original pattern. To make the finish look spectacular, it is recommended to make the base and spray in different shades.

Create texture with a trowel

How decorative plaster is applied with a trowel is shown in the video below. First, a cover layer of the material is made. After that, a little product is applied to the trowel and the tool is used to process the building base in a circular motion. This creates an unusual pattern on the surface.

Hatch-bouffant

To create a pattern, use a smooth or textured plaster and a wire brush. The material is placed on the surface and treated with a metal brush in a chaotic manner. After that, work is suspended for a day. Then the surface is treated with a spatula to get rid of unstable pieces of plaster.

Surface decoration with a decorative roller

Decorative rollers are used to create a surface with an original pattern. The tool is carried out on wet plaster, waiting for the agent to solidify and painting. To create an original drawing, a regular roller is also used, after having tied the tool with a rope or wrapped in polyethylene. Such a device is also carried out on the set, but not hardened plaster. This is one of the easiest ways to decorate a building base.

"Sgraffito"

If decorative plaster was used for finishing, how to apply the material using the sgraffito technique - this question arises for some users. For this method of application, it is required to divide the white solution into three parts, each painted in a separate color. Further, the compositions are sequentially applied to the surface. After that, a stencil is cut out in the upper corner. In this form, plaster layers are removed - an original drawing is obtained.

Working with textured plasters

How is decorative plaster applied, the video is given below, to create texture on the surface? It all depends on the type of coverage.

"Fur coat"

To create a "fur coat", a corresponding textured material is thrown onto the surface and distributed over the building base with a spatula. It is recommended to make a thin layer to make the texture look more profitable. After that, artificial fur is passed over the raw material. Thanks to this, the product will acquire the desired texture. After the material has solidified, the surface is covered with acrylic varnish or wax. This will improve the appearance of the finish and extend the operating period.

"Bark beetle"

For this coating use a special plaster "bark beetle". The material is thrown onto the surface and leveled with a trowel on the building base from top to bottom. The product contains small pebbles that follow the tool, leaving a mark on the coating. This is how an imitation of wood, eaten by a bark beetle, is created. This texture is not coated with wax or varnish.

Venetian plaster

Instructions for applying Venetian plaster:

Prepare a solution, divide the product into three parts and mix each with a different color scheme - two light and one dark.
Place three parts of the mortar on a wide spatula with a narrow spatula.
Apply material to the surface.
After the product has set, level the base with a trowel in a circular motion.
When the material has cured, apply a coat of primer and varnish or wax.

The video demonstrates the technology of applying decorative plaster.

Knowing how decorative plaster is applied, the video shows this, you can independently create decor on the walls of the facade or inside the building. Choose the option you like, however, evaluate your strength correctly, since some coatings require at least minimal finishing experience.

The modern market of finishing materials never ceases to amaze consumers with products for every taste and color. Beautiful decorative plasters with different shades and textures are very popular.

Today we will take a closer look at these finishing materials and consider in stages how to apply them correctly.

Features:

Every person dreams of making their home as comfortable and cozy as possible. You can achieve this goal by beautifully and competently decorating a house or apartment. Fortunately, modern homeowners have everything they need to do this, from a variety of finishing mixes to luxurious hard cladding.

Such an attractive material as decorative plaster deserves special attention.

If you are tired of classic and unremarkable environments, then it is perfect for you. With the help of high-quality decorative plaster, you can give your home a unique look. Currently, there are mixtures in stores that have different textures and colors, which allows customers to choose an interesting and reliable option for decoration in any style, be it ultra-modern high-tech or artsy baroque.

Do not think that such finishing materials can only be used to decorate the interior of the home. Modern manufacturers produce high quality decorative plasters for facades.

Such coatings are reliable and durable - they are not afraid of precipitation and temperature drops.

Also, decorative varieties of plaster mixes are distinguished by their unique appearance. It is to these finishing materials that they turn to when creating spectacular panels, embossed surfaces in the form of paintings or uniform patterns. As a result of applying such coatings, the interior becomes truly original and bright. Often, reliefs applied to walls combine many different shades. Thanks to such combinations, the decoration acquires volume and literally comes to life, transforming the interior or facade of the building as a whole.

This finishing material is also distinguished by the fact that, if desired, it is quite possible to replace it. For example, if you are tired of the original shade of plaster, you have the opportunity to easily change it at your discretion. It is worth noting here that it can be not only perfectly smooth and uniform, but also a relief coating or a beautiful panel.

A distinctive feature of decorative plaster is a rather deep relief. Otherwise it is called a bas-relief. It protrudes several centimeters above the surface of the base. Of course, there are also such plasters that have an almost smooth surface and stand out exclusively in color. Both options look aesthetically pleasing, but the choice is always up to the buyer.

Today, in the stores of building and finishing materials, there are quite interesting decorative plasters, which, when applied to various substrates, imitate natural surfaces. For example, it can be a drawing under a tree. Such coatings are applied both with an ordinary spatula and with a roller with a special nozzle.

Of course, such finishing materials are more expensive, but they look very interesting and fresh.

Most decorative plaster mixes are plastic. Thanks to this feature, such materials are very easy to apply, it is convenient to work with them. That is why not only experienced craftsmen can apply them on various bases, but also beginners who have not encountered such work before.

Pros and cons

If you decide to turn to such an effective finishing material as decorative plaster, then you should familiarize yourself with all its strengths and weaknesses.

To begin with, consider what are the advantages of this mixture:

High-quality decorative plaster boasts good strength characteristics. She is not afraid of mechanical damage and various external influences.
It is impossible not to mention the beautiful appearance of this finish. Decorative plaster can completely transform the interior or facade of a house, giving them a unique flavor.
This finish will last a very long time and will not lose its attractive appearance.

Decorative plaster does not crumble or crumble even many years after application. Of course, a lot depends on the quality of the finishing work: if you followed the instructions and applied such material correctly, then it will not collapse and deform.
Many consumers turn to decorative plaster, as it can be used to hide various wall defects that are found in many homes. Of course, we are talking about minor cracks and irregularities. Decorative plaster simply cannot cope with significant damage.
Decorative plaster is also good because it is a versatile material. It can be applied to a wide variety of substrates. It can be wood, brick, concrete, metal and many other materials.

This finish is used for both indoor and outdoor decoration, which once again confirms its versatility.
A high-quality mixture is not afraid of temperature changes and frost.
Such plaster has sound insulation properties, so it is often used when decorating walls both in apartments and in private houses.

Branded plaster mixes are not afraid of dampness and moisture.
Decorative plaster is an environmentally friendly finishing material. It contains no hazardous components and toxic substances, so such material can be safely used to decorate a home.
These materials are vapor permeable.

Thanks to this quality, the bases on which the decorative plaster is applied "breathe" and there are no traces of mold or mildew on them.

This finishing material does not cause allergic reactions either during application or after drying.
Decorative plaster does not have a pungent and unpleasant odor, so during its application you will not get sick or dizzy.
It is possible to apply this material with your own hands. It will not be difficult to trim this or that base with a plaster mixture, and you can easily do without the help of specialists.
In stores you can find decorative plaster in a variety of colors and textures.
This material does not require expensive and scrupulous care.

As you can see, this finishing material has a lot of advantages. That is why many homeowners turn to decorative plaster looking for a truly high-quality and beautiful material for decorating their home.

However, despite the impressive list of advantages, decorative plaster has some disadvantages. Let's consider them in more detail:

The biggest drawback that discourages people from buying this material is the high cost. Conventional plaster is much cheaper.
Many consumers attribute the disadvantages of this material to the fact that for its application it is necessary to carefully prepare the base, and this often takes a long time.
If you want to dismantle decorative plaster from the base, then you will have to spend a lot of time and effort - it is not so easy to do this.
Some homeowners find it very difficult to apply decorative plaster. That is why most users turn to the services of professionals when they decide to decorate walls with this material.

The decorative plaster layer may swell. In order not to face such a serious problem, you need to apply this material correctly. In the event of mistakes, swelling appears most often.
Also, ugly stains may appear on such a finish. This problem also makes itself felt if you applied the plaster incorrectly or used a poor-quality solution.
Home craftsmen are often faced with peeling of the finishing layer of decorative plaster. Like the above, this defect occurs due to improper application and illiterate preparation of the base.

This finishing material has much less disadvantages than advantages. Moreover, many problems can be avoided by following the instructions for applying the plaster.

Low-quality plaster will not last long and will quickly require replacement, and this is an extra waste.

Structure

There are several ingredients in the decorative plaster:

A binder, which can be traditional lime and synthetic components such as polyurethane or acrylic resin. The main purpose of these components is to ensure the maximum plasticity of the solution. Thanks to this, the master has more time to create the desired decor and pattern.
Also, the decorative plaster contains a filler:
1. clinker Portland cement of white color (for example, a multi-colored version);
2. pigments;
3. multicolored placeholders.

Solid elements are also used as fillers, such as:
1. marble chips;
2. quartz sand;
3. wood fibers;
4. granite chips;
5. granules of synthetic origin.

Of course, the proportion of solid components in decorative plaster is much less, but when calculating the mass of the composition, it is important to take them into account.

Also in such finishing materials, the following additives are present:
1. plasticizing;
2. hydrophobic.

The main purpose of these elements is to increase the resistance of the finishing material to the negative effects of dampness and moisture.

Views

Do not think that decorative plaster is represented by only one variety with a rough texture. Today, stores sell all kinds of mixtures with different structures. In addition, different types of plasters have different performance characteristics.

Let's take a closer look at the most popular and demanded of them, and also consider what properties are inherent in them.

Mineral

Many consumers prefer mineral decorative plaster. Most often, such mixtures are found in dry form. They need to be stirred just before starting finishing work.

Such types of plasters are very popular, because they are distinguished by increased strength characteristics and high vapor permeability. In addition, mineral compounds are not afraid to come into contact with moisture.

Such material is white, therefore, after its application, the walls are most often additionally finished with paint and varnish coatings.

This finishing material is also popular due to its affordable cost. Of course, there are more expensive options on the market that contain components such as glitter or marble chips. Such products can boast not only spectacular appearance, but also non-flammability.

It is also worth noting that mineral plaster is suitable for both interior and exterior decoration, as it is quite reliable and durable.

However, this material also has disadvantages:

Mineral decorative plaster does not have sufficient elasticity. Because of this, it is not always easy to apply it, and over time, cracks may appear on an already dried surface.
It should also be borne in mind that the service life of the mineral coating is not too long. On average, such plaster lasts up to 10 years.
The mixture itself cannot be tinted, therefore, it is impossible to do without buying additional paintwork for finishing.

Silicate

Silicate decorative plaster is made on the basis of a special liquid potash glass. This material is often used for exterior decoration of houses, since it cannot be called absolutely harmless to human health. This finishing material is quite durable, elastic and vapor permeable. No fungus or mold forms on its surface, even in conditions of high moisture content in the air.

Silicate plaster is sold ready-made, so you do not have to spend time mixing it before proceeding directly to the application. Many consumers choose precisely silicate plaster, since using it, you can choose the right color. However, the color range of this material is very scarce.

If you decide to turn to a silicate mixture, then you should take into account that certain knowledge and experience are needed to apply it, since it dries very quickly and you will have almost no time to adjust.

Acrylic

Acrylic decorative plaster is a ready-made water-dispersion mixture. It does not need to be stirred before starting work or prepared in any other way. This plaster contains a high molecular weight polymer - acrylic resin.

The main advantage of acrylic mortar is its high elasticity. Over time, cracks do not appear on the surface, and the bases under such coatings do not undergo deformation, like the finishing material itself. Acrylic decorative plaster can be used for both interior and exterior decoration.

However, this finishing material has one significant drawback - susceptibility to fire. Acrylic plaster is highly flammable and maintains combustion.

For this reason, this mixture is strongly not recommended for use if the house has insulation from cotton wool.

Silicone

Decorative resins are the basis of such plaster. Due to this feature, such solutions acquire excellent characteristics. Silicone plasters are considered the most modern and high-tech.

These ready-made formulations have the following positive qualities:

serve for a very long time;
boast resistance to moisture and moisture;
they are highly elastic, so they are easy to apply and do not crack / deform over time;
have excellent adhesion characteristics to almost any substrate;
are vapor permeable;
suitable for both the interior of the home and the facade.

Such plaster is capable of self-cleaning. In addition, it is not afraid of atmospheric precipitation, so we can safely talk about its wear resistance.

The main disadvantages of this material are the rather high cost and obligatory preparation of the base before direct application... Wherein for the base you need to use a special silicone primerwhich is also expensive.

Textured

Also, plasters are divided by the type of filler into:

textured;
structural.

Textured plaster is a finishing material with a composition that contains not only a binder, but also various additives. This mixture can take on a wide variety of configurations. For example, this plaster is able to imitate stone or wood.

Structural

Structural plaster is no less popular nowadays. It, like textured one, is a heterogeneous mass, which contains small pebbles, wood fibers, mica, quartz and other similar components.

The following acts as a binder in such compositions:

latex;
potassium silicate;
cement-lime composition.

Mixtures in which very small particles are present are distinguished by unsurpassed elasticity, despite the composition. Such plaster easily adheres to a variety of substrates, be it walls made of wood, concrete or brick. Besides, the structural mixture can be applied and smoothed with any tool (some masters even use the palm).

These products are sold ready-made. They do not need to be kneaded and prepared for finishing work.

Structural decorative plasters are found in stores in containers from 10 to 25 kg.

Venetian

Venetian plaster looks rich and artsy. Outwardly, it is very similar to a marble surface. This amazing effect is achieved by adding stone dust to the mixture as a base.

It is not so easy to work with this finishing material.

To achieve the desired result, Venetian plaster cannot be applied in just one layer. Often it is necessary to apply this material in 5-6 layers.

But it is worth considering that the indescribable beauty of the drawings that are obtained as a result is worth it.

Today, there are several varieties of Venetian plaster. Let's consider them in detail.

Craquelure

This unusual coating is made in antique style and fits perfectly into many interiors, and it can be not only retro or classic, but also a modern trend.

To achieve the desired effect, you need to apply an additional layer of special varnish on top., which will serve as a topcoat. As a rule, this varnish dries slowly, while pulling off the layer of plaster, giving it an unusual look. At the same time, the finish does not suffer in any way and does not lose its positive characteristics.

Carrara marble

This is another of the varieties of Venetian plaster, distinguished by its excellent appearance. However, such a coating will not work with a conventional putty. Here you need to use only a special mixture of a large number of layers.

Natural Carrara marble is not found in interiors - it has practically ceased to be mined. However, modern manufacturers produce good finishing materials that imitate such a stone.

Marseille wax

This type of plaster is almost no different from the usual Venetian. The only difference is that wax is pre-added to it, which gives the finishing material a unique visual effect. The result is not only a very beautiful but also reliable coating with improved performance characteristics.

Such plaster can be used when decorating rooms with high levels of humidity, such as a kitchen or bathroom. If you want to make the environment truly chic, then Marseille wax will definitely suit you. Today, there are many varieties of such decorative plaster.

With the help of different mixtures, you can create all kinds of decorative effects, bringing notes of chic and shine to the interior.

Bark beetle

Decorative plaster with the catchy name "bark beetle" is acrylic and gypsum. Acrylic materials are ready-to-use, while gypsum materials are dry mixes that must be prepared before starting work.

By itself, the plaster "bark beetle" is a mixture of a composite composition, in which there are many small granules of marble and mineral chips. The granularity of this interesting material largely depends on the size of the granular components. The surface of the material consists of grooves of different widths and depths.

The main advantages of this material are:

increased strength characteristics;
reliability;
environmental friendliness (due to natural and safe components);
lightness, thanks to the mineral filler;
resistance to atmospheric precipitation;
not susceptible to fire;
does not require complex and expensive maintenance;
not afraid of mechanical damage;
presented in rich colors;
has a democratic price.

Of course, like any other material, "bark beetle" plaster has its drawbacks:

if such a finishing material has acquired mechanical damage, it is unlikely that it will be possible to return it to its original appearance;
this plaster is not applied so easily, therefore it is better to entrust such work only to an experienced specialist.

Fur coat

Decorative plaster called "fur coat" has a rough surface. A similar finishing material came into fashion in the distant past, and now it is returning to its former popularity.

Modern plaster "fur coat" is made using the same technology as in the past, but looks different. Today it is painted in a variety of shades... Thanks to such decoration, the furnishings can be significantly transformed, becoming stylish and original.

Consider the advantages of this finishing material:

"Fur coat" has good noise insulation characteristics;
easy to apply;
this plaster can be applied with different tools: from a roller to a brush;
has an aesthetic and original look;
the decoration can be restored if necessary;
is inexpensive.

But it should be borne in mind that dust adheres very quickly to this finish. Surfaces finished this way will have to be washed. We recommend using a water jet for this.

You do not need to do this too often, it will be enough to carry out the procedure every few years.

Silk

One of the most popular decorative plasters today is silk imitation mix. This finishing material looks like a beautiful silk cloth transferred to one or another base. This spectacular result is due to the presence of cellulose and cotton fibers in the plaster, as well as silk itself. In this mixture, of course, there are also polymer components that give it additional plasticity.

Silk plaster looks expensive and elegant. It has a deep structure that attracts rave looks. Currently, this finish is found in stores in a variety of colors.

Silk decorative plaster has much less disadvantages. These include:

the ability to absorb foreign odors;
exposure to pollution;
low wear resistance: do not place furniture too close to such a finish, otherwise it may wear off or be damaged in another way.

Consumption for 1 m²

All types of decorative plaster differ from each other in consumption.

The most economical is the textured blend - from 0.9 to 1.5 kg per 1 m² (to calculate more accurately, you should determine the degree of graininess of the composition). If there are finely dispersed components in the solution, then the consumption will be the smallest. If the grains in the plaster are larger (2-3 mm), then the consumption will increase and reach 1.2 kg. Coarse mortar consumption is 1.5 kg per 1 m².
Solutions containing quartz chips, are consumed in the same way as textured. If the mixture contains grains up to 2 mm, then the consumption will be about 2 kg per 1 m², if the grain diameter is 2-3 mm, then 2.5-3 kg per 1 m² will be needed.

Acrylic-based formulations are distinguished by high consumption.

The consumption of fine-grained plaster will be 2.5 kg per 1 m², for grains of 2 mm - 3 kg per 1 m².

Structural material for 1 sq. m (with a layer thickness of 1 mm) will be only 1 kg.
Plaster called "bark beetle" is 2.4-4 kg per 1 m².
Venetian mortar is 70-200 g per 1 m².

Tools

If you decide to apply decorative plaster yourself, you need to stock up on the right tools.

Here is their minimal set:

putty knife;
grater;
trowel (you can use a plastic trowel);
metal trowel;
clean container for the plaster mixture;
rollers;

lighthouses;
stencils (if you plan to apply patterns);
stamps for plaster;
paint (if the plaster has no color);
water-based varnish;
primer.

Application technology

It is necessary to apply decorative plaster strictly according to the instructions so that the finish is durable and reliable.

Let's consider in detail how to properly perform such work:

First, the walls need to be prepared and only then proceed directly to the application of decorative plaster.
If there are no significant defects and damages on the floors, then all preparation comes down to cleaning the working surface from the previous finish, dust and dirt. Then the base is primed.
Old finishing materials can be removed with sandpaper, a construction float or a sander.
If the overlap has a noticeable slope and large potholes, then it will not be possible to do without preliminary leveling.
To level the walls, you need to remove all dust and dirt, and then apply a deep penetration primer mixture to the floors. This will provide the finish with better grip.

Next, you need to identify what level of curvature the walls have. This can be done with a bubble or laser level.
Mark the highest point of curvature, and then place a layer of plaster on it and attach a beacon to it.
All other beacons must be installed, maintaining a distance of 1.5-1.8 m.At the corners, you need to retreat 30-60 cm.
If you're using a dry mortar, it's time to prepare it. If you have purchased a ready-made mixture, then it must be applied to the walls by the "spraying" method using a ladle or trowel.

Make sure that the solution grasps a little.

After that, you can repeat the application.

Further, relying on the beacons, draw the rule from the bottom up, leveling the surface of the walls and removing excess material.
Grouting using a special trowel can only be started after the decorative plaster layer has dried.

Consider a general technique for applying Venetian plaster to walls:

Venetian plaster is applied starting from the ceiling, not from the floor like other solutions.
A small portion of plaster mortar is placed on a large trowel (in the center). It must be applied from bottom to top in arcuate movements. In this case, a slight bias should be made.
Next, the mixture must be distributed over the entire plane of the walls. It is advisable to do this as quickly as possible.
The plaster layer should be thin and transparent.

After that, the plaster must be allowed to dry. But it will take about 8 hours.
Make the next layer darker. This will give you a marble-like surface.
The second layer is applied with a trowel, like the starting layer. Try to put plaster on areas of intersection of strokes.
The third and other layers must be applied with a small trowel. The movements should be shorter than before.

The more layers you put on the walls, the more natural and attractive the finish structure will look.
When you have applied the last layer of plaster (there can be from 4 to 10), you need to wait about 15-20 minutes and polish the coating. A wide spatula is suitable for this. It must be pressed tightly against the finished wall and processed randomly, making interweaving of strokes.
Such a surface will completely dry out within a week. Only after this is it permissible to proceed to the finishing of the floors with plaster. If you are using wax, then it should be placed on the base in a thin layer (a trowel is suitable for this).
If you are applying varnish to the walls, it is best to use a brush.

After all the operations carried out, you need to wait until all coatings are completely dry and proceed to painting the walls.

If you do not know how to select separate areas for different cladding, you should purchase masking tape or window seal. With the help of these parts, you can make a convenient separation of the base surfaces.
There is no need to buy expensive tools to form a beautiful relief.

You can give the finish this texture using only a grater and spatula. The use of any other means at hand is also permissible.

If you have prepared the walls for the application of different types of coatings, then it is recommended to remove the adhesive tape in the areas of separation of zones before the final drying of the plaster mixture. It will be difficult to do this later, in addition, small defects may appear.

Regardless of the method of application, experts recommend first painting the textured fragments of surfaces, and then moving on to smooth ones.
If you use decorative plaster "bark beetle" for wall decoration, then there is nothing complicated. However, to decorate the ceiling with this material, it is better to have at least a little experience. If you do not have one and are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust such work to professionals.
Silk plaster is not so easy to apply. The process of transferring it to the base can be divided into 3 main stages:
1. glue base application;
2. application of flocks;
3. varnish application.

Try not to apply too thick a layer of plaster, unless specified by its characteristics. Otherwise, the finish will quickly crack, regardless of whether it is expensive or budget.

To obtain the desired color, it is recommended to purchase both the mixture and the tinting material from the same manufacturer.
If you want to give the cracks in the plaster a different color, you should add 2 different shades to the solution.
Only apply decorative plaster on a completely dry surface. Otherwise, the finish may begin to bubble or completely move away from the base.
It is not always necessary to install beacons to apply decorative plaster. You can do without these details if you have leveled and putty the floors in advance.

It is recommended to use silicone plaster for decorating rooms where humidity levels are high. This material has minimal water absorption, so it does not absorb dirt and moisture into its structure.
If there is lime in the decorative plaster, it must be borne in mind that dark stripes may remain on the walls during its application with metal tools.
Before applying the plaster, you can degrease the base with a solvent or a weak solution of soda.
Please note that the plaster mixture "bark beetle" cannot be applied to glass, plastic, wood and metal substrates.

If you apply a textured mortar, you need to make sure that the thickness of its layer does not exceed 1 cm.

So, if you are laying material with coarse grains, it can only be applied in 2 layers.

Having calculated the required volume of decorative plaster, add 10% of the stock to it. It will be needed in case the mixture dries up or falls out of the container during the finishing work.
When buying decorative plaster, be sure to pay attention to the date of its manufacture. The closer the expiration date, the more difficult it will be to work with the solution.
Use only high quality mixes from well-known brands for plastering various substrates. Don't look for too cheap decorative plasters - they may be of low quality and will not last long.

Beautiful examples in the interior

Decorative plaster is good because it looks harmonious in almost any room. This can be a living room, a hall, or even a kitchen with a high level of humidity.

For example, materials in lighter and more neutral tones will look great on bedroom walls. At the same time, you can place a beautiful image or pattern over the head of the bed. Place in such a room a light bed and the same light wall shelves. Dilute the whiteness of the interior with dark wood floors and bedding with contrasting prints.

Embossed plaster of a milky shade will be a great addition to the corridor. Small metal lamps should be hung on walls with this finish. In an ensemble with light decorative plaster, wooden brown floors and a coffee-colored ceiling will look organic.

Colored decorative plasters look very interesting and bright in interiors. For example, a slightly sloppy and rough finish in a yellow shade will look especially juicy and attractive if you place a wooden table with oriental patterns and a lamp with a contrasting black leg on its background, as well as hang a black clock or a decorative plate. Due to the bright contrast and oriental notes, you can give the atmosphere an unusual, mysterious image.

Light gray plaster, imitating the structure of a stone, can be applied in the living room on the wall behind the seating area. Before this finish, a white leather sofa and a dark coffee table will look great.

In a setting like this, you can lay a dark chocolate laminate and cover it with a fluffy white carpet.

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External and internal walls are plastered to protect from harmful environmental influences and level the surface. Modern plastering techniques allow you to apply finishing so that the layer will simultaneously serve as a decorative decoration for the interior or exterior. When applying a layer of plaster or starting putty, a certain texture is created on the surface of the material, then painting is performed using a special technology. Other techniques allow you to apply the finishing layer in the form of artistic figures that stand out from the general background. So how do you do it yourself? We will tell you in this article (video at the end).

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Decorative plaster device
To make the work done look perfect, you need to level the walls for applying a layer of starting putty. Experienced craftsmen align not only the surface of the wall, but the corners and joining lines of the walls with the floor and ceiling. To create a vertical 90˚ angle, use a building level and a corner. A line for aligning the wall-to-ceiling joint is applied using a bead (colored thread), which serves as a guide to applying the layer thickness.
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Stages of preparatory work:
tap the surface with a hard object (hammer) and reveal a weakly adhering coating, it is removed;
paint, whitewash or wallpaper is completely removed from the rest of the area, cracks are sewn separately;
the wall is leveled with a starting solution, while plastering plastic mesh is glued in places of greatest thickness, if possible, then the entire area is glued. This will prevent cracking of the layer during operation;
sometimes it is easier and faster to apply sheets of drywall, which can be put on a frame or glued to the surface using pre-exposed beacons;
primer the surface once with a weak solution (for deep absorption), the second time make a solution using the technology from the primer label (to fix the surface).

Preparation of the composition
In the store they buy ready-made dry mixes designed to level the unevenness of the walls, they are packaged in waterproof bags and require dilution with water to get started. There are also ready-made, already diluted mixtures on sale that can be applied to the surface immediately after opening the plastic bucket. To save money, they buy dry mixtures; after several times of training, the mass is easily mixed with water with a drill attachment like a whisk.
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For the first time, dilute a small amount of dry matter, since the resulting solution can dry quickly, therefore, a large amount of the solution is not prepared. To calculate the required number of bags, a preliminary calculation is used, which looks like this:
for plastering with coarse-grained (starter) compositions per 1 sq. m 1 mm thick leaves 1.8-2 kg of dry matter, if you want to apply a thick layer, then the rate is multiplied by the layer thickness in millimeters;
under the same conditions, the consumption of medium-grained material will be 1.5–1.7 kg per square, while the estimated layer thickness is also taken as 1.0 mm;
to make a layer with fine dry mixes 1 mm thick, 0.9–1.1 kg of substance will be needed per square of area.

Water is poured into a clean container, then the mixture is poured (not vice versa), water is used at room temperature. For correct mixing, pour the entire amount of dry matter at once, if the solution turns out to be thick, it is better to add a little water. It is worse to add a dry component to a liquid solution, since lumps that are difficult to break are obtained.
After mixing, wait about 1 minute and use the mixer again. Sometimes colored pigments are added directly to the finished solution or paint is applied to the finished layer.
Plastering the wall
After careful preparation of the wall and preparation of the solution, do-it-yourself decorative plaster is made, the video of the process can be viewed below. The ready-made starting composition is taken on a spatula and applied to the wall. Experienced craftsmen work with a large tool (60–80 cm), it is more convenient for them to smooth the surface. For those who do the work with their own hands for the first time, it is recommended to start with a spatula 45 cm long and additionally use a cover spatula, whose width is 6–8 cm. They remove excess solution from the handle of a large spatula and transfer the mass closer to the edge of the working surface.
The thickness of the mortar layer on the wall is adjusted during application, trying not to overlay too much, but also not shaving off so that surface defects will be visible. The work consists in applying the entire mass at a time, since you need to have time to apply the drawing before the solution completely solidifies. During the plastering, a mesh is applied, if it is in pieces, then it is glued with overlaps.
The method of obtaining a decorative pattern by rubbing
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Take an ordinary trowel and rub the surface until the solution on the wall has completely grabbed ... There are certain technologies for drawing a picture:
The rain is obtained after rubbing the area with a plastic trowel with vertical movements (up and down), sometimes the direction of the rain threads is made oblique, for this movement is changed to inclined. To keep the rain threads straight, markings are used with thin masking tape.
The decorative pattern of the lambs is obtained after rubbing the base with short circular movements, which will lead to a pattern resembling curls of lamb hair.
There is also a technology of movements, which will result in a carpet pattern. To do this, select a small area and move the trowel first with vertical movements, then they are replaced by a horizontal direction.

If you cannot make the entire wall at one time, then the drawing is not done until the very border of the material applied today. After the plaster is done, the edges are joined on the next area, only after that the selected pattern is applied.
Application of the coloring layer
Before painting, the surface is sanded to smooth out too sharp transitions and defects, this is done after the solution has dried - about a day later. Sometimes thick layers do not dry out and look like dark spots, you need to wait until it is completely dry. To speed up, you can turn on the heat fans, directing the jet to the problem area. After sanding, before the paint, the walls are treated with a layer of soil.
Usually the first layer of paint is made darker, the second is applied lighter, but after the first has completely dried. They paint with a dark color, carefully filling all the cavities and irregularities, using a brush for this. And the second is placed so that only convex elements fall into the working area, and the depressions are not affected.
Textured plaster device
Such dry mixes in bags or ready-made solutions in buckets are purchased in hardware stores. The mixtures dry more slowly, so you can prepare the mortar in a much larger container and treat the wall surface in one go.
Finishing
Aligning the walls is done with coarse-grained mixtures intended for large thicknesses, and the textured mixture is applied already on a flat surface with a layer of about 3 mm. The material is applied with a spatula. After applying the mass, without waiting for it to set, a textured layer is applied using various devices.
Options
For this, the following tools and devices are used:
rollers;
stencils for stamping;
spatulas and trowels;
crumpled rags.

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Each method requires a little training, so it is best to try covering the surface somewhere in an inconspicuous place. It is convenient to work with a roller, since with the help of its textured sides, you can apply small and large patterns. The difficulty lies in wait for the master, who decided to make such a texture with his own hands, in the fact that when the roller moves, the structural putty is pulled together with a thin layer in the direction of travel - at the end of the work, an unexpected thick layer of material is obtained.
To avoid such a nuisance, the wall is divided into stripes or squares before applying the textured mass using masking tape 3 to 5 centimeters wide. The plaster is applied in the space between the belts, then it is processed with a roller, while the excess mass is on the belt. The strips are removed, after the total area has dried, the cavities are filled and again passed with a roller. Sometimes even squares, rhombuses or stripes look advantageous without filling, creating a kind of decorative composition.
It is more convenient to work with stamps: they are imprinted into the soft surface of the layer at a selected frequency, while the indentation depth is observed. Ready-made stamps can be bought in a store or made by hand, embodying a previously thought-up idea. After the material has dried with a spatula and trowel, remove unsuccessful and protruding elements, and then prime the surface before painting.
You can use various materials at hand for texture, for example, wind an old rag on a roller and make passes over the area. It turns out a kind of pattern that imitates the surface of marble veins, only convex. Do not forget to clean the roller from the accumulated putty after a short pass, change the rag.
Coloring of the surface with the applied textured pattern is done after the layer has dried, the correction of unsuccessful bulges, the obligatory primer. The entire surface is painted in one color, irregularities give a shadow, the texture is emphasized in a favorable color. Sometimes a two-tone color is used based on the principle of dark depressions and surface tinting of convex elements. Layers are applied at intervals necessary to dry the previous one.
How curly art plaster is made
To complete such a drawing, you need to evaluate the chosen design of the room and decide on the placement of the artistic drawing. Some types of interior design do not provide for the insertion of stucco molding (which, in fact, is artistic plastering). But artistic drawings on the walls will decorate any room in the classical style, baroque, rococo and other interiors. Save

If a performer of artistic plaster with his own hands cannot independently apply a drawing on the wall, then stencils are used that are made of plywood, hardboard, chipboard, MDF, OSB and other remnants of building materials that have a thickness. A pattern or repeating elements are cut out in the plane of the material, which will then be applied to the area of \u200b\u200bthe wall.
The stencil is carefully attached to the surface. If the thickness of the sheet is small, then you can use scotch tape, but more often after applying the putty, the device begins to shift under the weight and spoil the picture. It is recommended to use a fixing adhesive. The putty is applied in an even layer inside the pattern, trying not to put excess material on the stencil body.
The thicker the stencil, the more the pattern will protrude above the wall surface. The device is removed carefully, without damaging the edges of the pattern. If this happens, then using a soft putty, you can correct the drawing with a thin spatula, fingers or a brush. The painting is painted according to the intended palette, including the master's imagination.
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Stucco molding requires an entry-level skill from the performer. The putty is applied to the wall with the help of hands, then any shape is formed from it right on the square. Often the corners in the room are decorated with decorative branches, curly leaves, and window and door slopes are also decorated. In the nursery, on the walls and ceiling, you can depict your favorite characters from fairy tales and cartoons, make a flower wall.
Drawings are made on a smooth background or placed on plaster. Sometimes, to complete the composition, the drawing is framed with an artistic frame made of finished foam frieze, then a real picture on the wall, made by hand, is obtained.
Do-it-yourself home repairs are always a matter of pride for the owner and his household, and the creative process itself sets a person up for good deeds and accomplishments. Decorative, textured and artistic plaster will unite loved ones even more and will become the basis of coziness and comfort in the house.
Video: how to make decorative plaster from putty with your bunches

Decorative plaster is the most demanded material when decorating walls with your own hands. Throughout the existence of this material, its style, method and method of application have changed, but the technology has always remained the same.

Due to the various methods of applying decorative plaster, the room can be changed beyond recognition. The interior in the house can be maintained in one style or mixed.

A characteristic feature of plaster is the originality and uniqueness of the pattern, so each room will be original and unique.

Decorative plaster can be painted in any color. Therefore, a few years after the renovation, you can easily change the color of yours.

One of the advantages of decorating walls with decorative plaster is ease of use. Without professional experience, but following our advice, you can easily do all the work with your own hands without the help of specialists.

Below we describe detailed step-by-step instructions for decorating with decorative plaster with your own hands.

When faced with this material for the first time, the question arises: "How to apply decorative plaster on the walls?" There is nothing difficult about this.

First, let's figure out where you can buy decorative plaster. As a rule, it is sold dry, but there are also ready-made formulations.

The composition of decorative plaster includest:

filler,

astringent material,

various additives.

After purchasing the necessary tool, you can safely start decorating the walls with decorative plaster with your own hands.

Preliminary surface preparation

Collect water in a bucket and pour the mixture. Using a drill with a mixing attachment, mix the contents until a creamy consistency. Leave the prepared solution for 15 minutes, so that it reaches and acquires all the necessary properties. Stir the decorative plaster.

Don't mix too much material. Over time, it will begin to dry out and lose its plasticity.

Applying decorative plaster to walls

The final stage of work is painting. You can choose two options: paint the already finished plaster, or add the selected color at the stage of preparing the solution. In the latter case, the plaster is applied already in color.

Various techniques for applying decorative plaster and the subtleties of work differ from each other.

Many people consider decorative plaster for walls to be a beautiful, but very expensive material for decoration, but in reality this is not so. Naturally, there are very expensive types of such material, but today we will tell you only about the most affordable ones that any person can apply with their own hands.

Structural plaster for walls has several types of texture:
bark beetle (imitation of spoiled tree bark);
textured stone plaster;
flock (with a silk effect);
with marble chips;
venetian;
"Rain" - imitation of raindrops on glass;
"rock".

We will talk with you about the most common for interior decoration and, very importantly, inexpensive types - rain and rock, which are the easiest to do.
Application of decorative plaster "rock"
Stucco with rock texture
This method of application is the easiest, it is perfect for beginners. To create a textured surface, we will not buy a special mixture, but use a conventional plaster or cement based topcoat. Sheetrock is best suited for this, as it is sold ready-made and does not need to be stirred by hand. It is better not to take too soft and loose types of such material (for example, Vetonit).
Note! Decorative plaster for the walls of the kitchen, toilet and bath is suitable only on a cement base. It is imperative to apply a thick layer of water-based protective varnish over the paint. In damp areas such as bathrooms and kitchen worktops, make a protective backsplash out of glass, tiles or panels.

Before it is important to prime the walls and it is desirable to apply a layer of putty; this will eliminate gaps and improve coverage.
How to apply the putty? We choose a small area on the wall, about 0.5 sq. m., and we collect the putty on the ironer. It is necessary to spread it evenly with a layer of 2-3 mm. The thicker the layer, the rougher the texture will be.
After that, evenly distributing the solution on the wall, you can start creating the structural pattern. clean the trowel of material and place it firmly against the wall on fresh putty. You can do this with either side, but you need to slightly lift the bottom edge of the trowel and at the same time make a downward movement. If you just apply it to the surface, it will stick.
This will give you texture by creating slight irregularities in the applied grout. To create a beautiful pattern, movements can be completely different, this is the uniqueness of decorative plaster. The main thing is, when the trowel comes off the mixture, do it smoothly so that there are no traces left. Try it a couple of times and you will see how best to do it. You can apply the structure with herringbone movements, criss-cross, vertically, horizontally, etc. If something doesn't work out, you can make amends and try again.
It is also important to clean the trowel after each applied area so that excess mortar does not spoil the texture.
After you have done the first section, proceed to the next, but overlap the previous one so that there are no gaps.
After application, you need to wait about a day for the walls to dry completely, and then you can proceed to further painting, this is described below.

In the process of work, you may have problems with the sticking of the trowel, traces from it and, as a result, an uneven pattern. If you cannot achieve the same pattern on the entire wall, then it's okay - you are doing an imitation of rocks. The main thing is not to allow sudden changes, otherwise they will be striking.

Plastering with rain
This finishing method is more complicated than the first one, but the result is much more spectacular. See the photo for an example of such a wall.

An example of decorative plaster with rain in the kitchen
Most often, the rain structure is applied at an angle, but this is not important.
Mark the walls to apply the filler at an angle. Draw oblique lines on them, about 3 trowels wide. Lines need to be drawn everywhere at the same angle, it will be difficult to do this at the joints.
Next, stick masking tape on each line so that its bottom edge is on the line.
Decorative plaster with rain should be applied starting from the upper corner.
We spread the putty with a layer of 3 mm on a strip equal to the size of the trowel and about 1 m long.

The process of applying and smoothing decorative plaster
To create the structure of drops, the trowel is lightly pressed against the plaster, pulled along the line in a slightly raised state. We repeat these steps until we have covered the entire strip.
At first, the texture will look more like a hedgehog than rain. To fix this, you need to smooth the surface. To do this, clean the trowel from the putty, and lightly pressing it against the mortar, smooth it in one direction. It is important to slightly lift one end of the trowel so that it does not fully engage. The less you press on the tool, the more bumps will remain. Also, the texture depends on the thickness of the layer.
The next strip should be applied with a slight overlap over the finished strip. Repeat the steps above until we have covered the entire width of the strip.
Since you have glued the tape about three trowels wide, the last strip will overlap slightly on the masking tape. This is necessary specifically so that in this place of the joint the layers creep on top of each other, which significantly improves the final appearance. In addition, the tape helps you maintain the desired angle of the design. When you have finished making one section, simply tear off the tape and continue. You will get a smooth joint that does not need to be smoothed much.

Advice! If you set out to make one wall, be sure to finish the job. Because taking a break will cause a visible difference between the layers, it won't look very nice.

When the plaster is dry, sand it with an abrasive mesh or sandpaper to remove any minor irregularities.

The result of the work is a beautiful wall with a plaster structure
You can see the method of applying plaster with rain in more detail in the video:

Painting decorative plaster
Be sure to prime the surface before painting. No primer is required for the second and subsequent layers.
If you paint the structural plaster with a solid color, the texture will be lost and the result will not be the best. The greatest effect is achieved when painting with two colors to highlight the texture. To do this, you can use the dry brush or wash method. Applying paint with a wash emphasizes the depressions of the relief, and with a dry brush, on the contrary, the protrusions.
Any method is perfect for a rock, since its texture is quite diverse, but for rain, only a wash is good.
In any case, you will have to apply the original background color, preferably in several layers. To do this, apply the paint with a long-nap roller. But too thick layer will also look bad, as it can hide the small roughness of the texture you created.

Advice! Please note that the paint consumption will be higher than on ordinary smooth walls. To paint the background for a wash, it is better to choose a good waterproof paint, and for a dry brush, any paint will go.

To highlight the relief with a dry brush, it is better to use light contrasting shades, and to emphasize the wash, on the contrary, darker ones.

Dry brushing
Let's see how the dry brush painting technique works. To do this, you will need a wide flat brush, a paint bath, and pieces of cardboard.
Pour some paint into a tray and dip the brush into it. Then wipe the tool first on the tray and then on a piece of cardboard to remove excess.
Now you can apply paint to the plaster with light movements in different directions. An important point here - the brush must be held parallel to the wall so that it barely touches its surface, and with chaotic movements it is as if to wipe off the remains.

The main thing is to avoid abrupt color transitions and brush marks. As a result, you should have a wall like in the photo:

Dry brush painting example
Paint blur
The second method of painting with a wash is much more complicated. Its essence is that you apply another, darker layer of paint to the wall. After a while, you wipe it off with a wet cloth, not allowing it to dry completely. As a result, the indentations will appear darker than the bulges.
The technology itself is very simple, but time-consuming and physically demanding. But if you make a bright spot somewhere, you can paint over and wipe it again.
The photo shows an example in which the first background paint layer was white and the wash layer was yellow.

Example of a dark paint wash
To make it easier to wash off the second wash coat, it is better to use a simple, non-moisture-resistant paint. As a rule, it costs less, so you can even save a little.

Varnish application
The final and obligatory stage is coating the paint with varnish. This is for added protection and for a brighter, more saturated color.
For this purpose, you can use any water-based varnish, for example Alpina or Tikkurila. Be sure to dilute it with water approximately 1: 1 so that it penetrates well into the structure.
Apply the varnish with a wide brush in 2 or 3 layers. To avoid smudges on the walls, squeeze the brush against the ribs of the paint bath. Wait a little before applying the next layer, the varnish dries quickly.

In the photo you can see the result of the structural plaster, which was covered in 2 layers with Tikkurila Paneeli Assa varnish. The approximate consumption of varnish is 2.5 liters per 50 sq. m. plaster rain.

Varnished plaster
As you can see, the result is much better. Now you can freely wash such a wall with a rag and not be afraid to damage it. To give the room a finished look, glue the skirting board to the plaster during renovation or after painting.
How much does decorative plaster cost
3 buckets of Sheetrock putty, each costs 1000 rubles. To save money, you can buy a cheaper form and stir the solution yourself with a mixer.
10 liters of white Caparol paint - 4500 rubles.
2.5 liters of Finncolor ocher paint - 1000 rubles.
1 can of Paneeli Assa varnish - 1200 rubles.

Total: 9,700 rubles were spent on decorative plastering of the walls with their own hands, despite the fact that high-quality materials were used, and not the cheapest. It is not that expensive, but it looks very unusual. This is not wallpapering: not every apartment has such beautiful walls.
Conclusion
As you can see, do-it-yourself textured plaster of the walls allows you to make repairs without much physical effort, even for a girl. The pattern will be unique across the entire surface and the finish will be unique.
Subject to the technology described above, such a coating will serve you for many years, even in loaded rooms (like a kitchen and a corridor). We've covered just a few ways to create a textured surface, but you can use any means to create a unique design.