The names of the trees alphabetically in Russia. The flora, or the flora of the earth

In terms of species composition, temperate forests are much inferior to tropical forests. The trees of central Russia are not numerous and, it would seem, should be known to everyone. But this is not the case. Of course, everyone can easily recognize a birch, pine or spruce, but not everyone can tell an elm from a maple or describe what a linden looks like. It should also be noted that some trees predominate in forests, and others in cities. This article focuses primarily on forest species.

Trees of central Russia: names

The most common coniferous tree in the East European Plain is pine. Common spruce is slightly less popular. Sometimes there are white fir and falling larch. But the dominant position belongs to the deciduous. They grow faster than conifers and adapt more easily to changes. environment, thanks to which they take root even in big cities. According to the studies carried out on the territory of the Central Russian Upland, the dominant native species are the heart-leaved linden and the common ash. Of course, birch and aspen are ubiquitous. On the banks of forest rivers grow different kinds willow and black alder. In shady places, a rough elm (aka mountain elm) comes across. The characteristic trees of central Russia are various maples and common mountain ash, and a forest apple tree. In cities widespread decorative forms apple trees, black and white poplars, horse chestnut is found.

Common ash

One of the most impressive in our forests: it reaches forty meters in height. Ash has a straight trunk; the bark is gray-greenish. The tree prefers moist, but not swampy soils, so it often grows along streams and rivers. Young ash trees, unlike adults, are not demanding for light. In winter, the tree is easily identified by its large black buds. Ash crown - high-set, openwork, beautiful shape... He has very recognizable leaves - long (up to 35 cm), pinnate.

In general, central Russia is the most accessible material for identification. By analyzing their shape, it is relatively easy to determine the type.

Heart-leaved linden (small-leaved)

It is a rather high tree (up to 35 meters). Grows on plains and foothills, often on cliffs, slopes. It takes root well in cities and therefore is often used as an alley plant. Linden has a straight trunk with wrinkled grayish bark. The trees that grow in the glades have powerful egg-shaped crowns. Linden is a honey tree. It blooms late in the middle of summer. Small white-yellow flowers have a pronounced sweetish aroma and attract bees. In addition, they are a drug.

The flowers are collected in a bunch, at the base of which there is long sheet- lionfish. Linden fruits are round nuts. The leaves are rounded-heart-shaped, a bit reminiscent of poplar. Deciduous trees of central Russia, as a rule, do not differ much in durability, but the heart-leaved linden can live up to 800 years.

Black (sticky) alder

This tree has nothing against high humidity... It is found in river valleys and even in swamps. Alder grows up to 30 meters. Its trunk is dark, with deep "wrinkles", the wood is reddish-yellow. The leaves are rounded, with a notch opposite the cutting. Alder blooms in mid-spring, just during the flood. In male trees, flowers are collected in long yellow-purple catkins. Female inflorescences are in the form of hard cones.

Black alder loves light and it useful plant... Its wood is suitable for use in high humidity conditions.

English oak

Trees of central Russia are medicinal, some of them are often used in medicine. Oak is no exception with its dark and very rough, but healing bark. This tall tree grows in both hills and valleys. It has gnarled branches and easily recognizable leaves, which are called pinnate, since they consist of several pairs of fused lobes.

Oaks bloom in late spring. Fruits are light brown-yellow acorns (2-3 pieces on a long petiole). Oaks live a long time, their wood is hard and does not rot. For this reason, expensive furniture "for centuries" is made from it.

Rough elm (mountain elm)

It is caused by the abundance of longitudinal cracks on its bark. The height of the elm is 30 meters, while the plant is very slender, with a long, strong trunk and a relatively wide crown. The trees of central Russia are distinguished by their unpretentiousness: for example, the rough elm gives abundant growth both in the damp lowlands and in the mountains, climbing to a height of 1000 meters above sea level and rooting on rocky steeps. The elm is demanding not so much on the ambient temperature as on the fertility of the soil. It has large, rough and not very symmetrical oblong leaves with a double-serrate edge.

Rough elm appreciates partial shade, so on open spaces you will not meet him. It blooms very early; purple-red flowers are collected in dense small bunches. By summer, the fruits of the elm ripen and fall off. They are flattened nuts surrounded by two fused wide blades.

Poplar and aspen

Almost everyone will be able to identify these plants; the identifier for trees of central Russia is unlikely to be needed here. But still, speaking about the most common plants in our country, these species cannot be ignored. By the way, not everyone knows that the second name of aspen is trembling poplar. This tree is very undemanding to soil, but loves the sun. Aspen rapidly captures fresh clearings and clearings, but its age does not exceed 90-100 years. The trunk is long and smooth, with a gray-greenish bark. The crown is small, sparse and high. The leaves are almost round, with an uneven edge. The slightest breath of wind makes them tremble, which is due to the special structure of the petiole. Dark green above, gray below. In autumn, they acquire a rich burgundy color.

Better known as the "cultured" tree. It can be found more often in cities along highways or in village streets than in forests. Poplar appreciates sun and moisture. Under favorable conditions, the tree grows up to 40 meters. The bark is gray, rough, with longitudinal cracks. The crown is extensive. Leaves are heart-shaped.

Conclusion

So, the article briefly described the trees of central Russia, the names of which are well known to everyone. Take a look at the photos, practice a little - and it will not be difficult to distinguish one plant from another. Fortunately, as already noted, the forest flora of the temperate climate is not so numerous.

Hello dear friends! As always, "ShkolaLa" and the "Projects" heading is in a hurry to help you. Are you ready to tell in the lesson of the surrounding world about deciduous trees Russia? This material will help you!

Lesson plan:

What do we know about deciduous plants?

Let me remind you that deciduous trees are those that have leaves. They are also called deciduous and summer-green, because they shed their leaves every year before the onset of cold weather. Why they do it is described.

Deciduous plants appeared later than other species, but quickly spread thanks to their seeds. Today they grow in every corner of our planet and are its main gardeners.

Hardwood is often taken as a material for industrial purposes, as it is durable and easy to work with. Many summer-green plants are a source of nutrients used in medicine. And deciduous trees bloom beautifully and harmoniously fit into landscapes, many of them bring to our tables delicious berries and fruits.

About features deciduous plants remembered. Now I propose to talk about their representatives. Do you know which deciduous tree is the most widespread in Russia? And the longest living? Below I have compiled for you descriptions of deciduous trees, which are most often found on the territory of our country.

White birch

Among deciduous trees, this is the most famous tree, especially widespread in the north, but birch also grows in central Russia and the Caucasus. It can rightfully be considered a symbol of Russia - how many songs and fairy tales have been composed! In total, there are more than a hundred species of birches, including dwarf ones.

It is interesting! The name goes back to the Proto-Slavic berza - "to turn white, to shine". And all this is due to the snow-white trunk, the color of which is given by a special resinous substance - betulin, which filled the cell cavities. The name of the tree is also associated with the word birch bark.

Birch grows up to 40 meters and lives up to 120-150 years, but there are long-livers who are 400. Birch leaves are jagged at the edges, and their shape is in the form of a rounded rhombus or triangle.

Birch inflorescences look like a female decoration - catkins, where fruits ripen and then fall off. The seeds of the tree are like flattened nuts that have a winglet. Light and small, they are carried by the wind up to 100 meters.

Most birch species tolerate frost well, so they can live even beyond the Arctic Circle. Those who like a warmer climate settle in central Russia. Moreover, the plant can grow on clay and sand, on the damp shores of seas and rivers, in a swamp and in the tundra, on stones and in the steppes.

What is birch suitable for? Her upper layer under the name birch bark was previously used in folk crafts - bast shoes, baskets, ladles and other household items were made from it. Today birch is a material for plywood, skis and wooden toys... Birch leaves and buds are used in medicine.

If you make an incision on the trunk of a birch in the spring, you can collect delicious birch sap. Just do not forget to cover the wounds inflicted on the tree with clay, so that harmful organisms do not get there.

It is interesting! In nature, there is a Schmidt birch, named after the botanist who discovered it, also nicknamed "iron". It is found in the south of Primorye, and the tree is called so because it is a fire-resistant breed with special durable wood that sinks in water. They say that you can't take it with an ax, and you can't pierce it with a bullet.

Sturdy oak

The oak, also known from Pushkin's Lukomorye, is also a frequent inhabitant of deciduous forests. There are about 600 species in total, but only one is widespread in Russia - petiolate. An oak can grow as in the north with temperate climate and in the south. A true long-liver among all deciduous trees up to 45 meters long, it can delight the eye for about 1500 years, but this is not the limit!

It is interesting! The oldest oak tree lives in Lithuania, which celebrated its two thousandth anniversary. And the Poles have three friends - the oaks of friendship Czech (Czech Republic), Lech (Poland) and Rus (Rus), they are 900 years old.

Many types of oak are evergreen - they have some champlevé leaves that look like an ellipse in their oblong appearance and remain on the tree for many years. The oak is easily recognizable by its fruits - acorns. These are nuts.

It is interesting! Acorns are good animal feed, but pigs are especially fond of them. Krylov even has a fable "The Pig under the Oak". And still only under the oak trees, due to the peculiarity of its root system, expensive mushrooms - truffles - grow.

Today, oak nuts are used for cooking, and Koreans make Tothorimuka jelly with them. Acorns from the Russian pedunculate oak go only for coffee.

But oak wood - real value for furniture production... It is strong and durable. Furniture made of oak is considered one of the most expensive.

A tree that has been in the water for at least 100 years is especially appreciated. Such oak is called bog oak, its color becomes almost black. They also lay oak floors - parquet. In addition, oak wood is used in shipbuilding.

Apple tree

Who doesn't love pouring apples? Today there are about 36 types of apple trees, some of them are grown as decorative, their fruits do not get on our tables, but most of them give us rich apple harvests. Who has not heard about Antonovka and white filling?

Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are considered the homeland of apple trees, but today breeders have adapted to grow the tree not only in warm edges, but also in the north.

The tree has a spreading crown, it grows up to 15 meters long. Wild apple trees even have thorns on their branches. Apple trees bloom beautifully with white or red flowers. Fruits are the size of a pea, but the varieties of apples we are used to contain many vitamins, as well as micro- and macroelements.

It is interesting! When you're tired, make yourself a cinnamon apple tea. It will relieve irritation, restore sleep and give strength.

How is the apple tree useful? In addition to making delicious dishes from apples, making jams, squeezing juices and drying them, the apple tree is an excellent material. Its wood is used for making crafts, as well as joinery, as it is easy to cut and polish.

Poplar

Unpretentious poplars can grow on any soil, in the middle lane or in the north, but they do not like waterlogging very much. The tree can live up to 150 years, but often dies much earlier due to various fungal diseases. Sometimes the tree can reach 60 meters.

The shape of the crown of a poplar can be different, depending on where it grows. Usually in the south these are pyramidal species; poplars growing closer to the north have a spreading wide crown of oval-shaped leaves.

Poplar fruits are capsules. Remember the song about poplar fluff and July? It is when the warm summer weather sets in that these fruit pods release seeds with fine hairs that fly onto the park paths and cover them like snow.

It is interesting! Do you know that yellow paint is made from poplar leaves, and purple paint from poplar buds ?!

Where is poplar used? The wood of this tree is used as a raw material for making paper. Artificial silk, match straw and some furniture are also made from poplar. In the south, houses are even built from poplar wood.

Linden tree

In the west of Russia and up to the Urals, you can find linden, which combines about 40 main species. But some hybrids number up to 350! The tree has leaves in the form of hearts with serrated edges. Linden can also be deservedly attributed to centenarians. On average, they live for about 400 years, but some are up to 1000 years old.

Linden stands out for its beauty, especially during flowering in June-July. Then the air is filled with a delicate sweet scent.

It is interesting! Under the kings, the swindlers carved out the royal seals from the linden tree, forging the state attribute. This is where the expression "linden seal", "linden", or forgery came from.

Where is linden used? First of all, for the manufacture of medicines. Moreover, not only flowers are used, but also other parts of the plant.

In addition, linden is a tree for art, they make musical instruments and carvings.

And they also cut out pads from linden to sew us beautiful boots, and drawing boards.

Sometimes this plant is used to make furniture.

Who has not heard of linden honey, which is so useful in the cold winter?

I told only about five deciduous trees that are often found in Russia. As you can imagine, there are a lot of them.

Well, we did a good job, and now we can sing! We watch the video and sing along)

Maybe you can add a story about your favorite tree to the article? And "ShkolaLa" says goodbye with the wishes of good grades, but not for long!

Evgenia Klimkovich.

Vegetable world The earth is vast and diverse: it consists of 350,000 species, and according to some botanists, even 500,000 species of plants.
The plant kingdom includes algae, fungi, slugs and seed plants, which are subdivided into gymnosperms and flowering family, and among the latter are herbaceous and tree species... It is known that man has already described and systematized almost all the diversity of plant species at the present time, creating a natural system of the plant world, based on the scientific principles of establishing family ties between certain groups of plants. The modern system of the plant world is subdivided into systematic units subordinate to each other, among which the main unit is the species. Related tree species are grouped into genera, and related genera - into families. This is followed by ever larger associations: orders, classes, divisions and, finally, the highest systematic unit - the plant kingdom.
tree classification
Usually, woody plants are divided into the following groups by the nature of the structure of the main stems and height: trees, shrubs, shrubs, dwarf shrubs and lianas.

Wood

A tree is considered to be a large plant with a perennial woody main stem, usually called a trunk, which grows in height at its top. The growth rate of trees in height depends on environmental conditions, geographical area of ​​growth and biological features of this type. The tree grows in height inconsistently, growth changes throughout the life of the tree until it stops completely.
The height of the tree is different for different tree species and ranges from several to many tens of meters, and in some cases it reaches 120 m or more. This height is reached by evergreen sequoia and giant sequoia, growing on the California coast of North America in mountain forests, and Australian eucalyptus. The trees of our forests do not reach this size, but many of them grow up to 40-50 m and more. So, common spruce, Sakhalin fir, Siberian larch, etc. reach 40 m and more, oriental spruce, European beech 50 m and more, Schrenk spruce in favorable conditions 85 m, Caucasian fir 65 m.Separate European fir trees sometimes reach 60 ( 90) m height. European larch and have a height of up to 54 m, summer oak 40-50 m, plane trees of Transcaucasia 45-50 m.Such species as birch, aspen, linden, elm, elm, Norway maple, etc. rarely exceed 25-35 m.

Russia's wide areas of natural vegetation and soils are closely related to the country's climatic zones. In the far north, where the summer is cold, and the soils are poor for nutrients prevails: mosses, lichens and low-growing shrubs. The soil freezes to a great depth and only the surface layer thaws in the summer allowing the plants to grow. Forests cover about 45 percent of Russia's territory, mostly in Siberia. The total area of ​​all forests is about 25 percent of. The forest zone of Russia can be divided into a large northern part - coniferous, or taiga, and a much smaller southern region - coniferous-deciduous forests.

Boreal forests

Taiga is located south of the tundra and occupies 40 percent of the European part of the country, and also covers large areas of Siberia and the Russian Far East. Most of this region reigns supreme. Although the taiga area is predominantly coniferous, in some areas small-leaved trees such as birch, poplar, aspen and willow add variety. In the extreme northwest of the European part of Russia, pine dominates in the taiga, although fir, birch and other trees are often found.

To the east, up to the Western slope of the Urals, pine still grows, but fir predominates, and in some areas there are practically pure birch forests. The West Siberian Plain consists mainly of various types of pine, while birch dominates along the southern edge of the forest. Throughout most of the Central Siberian plateau and the mountains of the Far Eastern region, the main forest-forming species is larch. The trees in the taiga zone are usually small and widely scattered. In some areas where the soil is scarce in nutrients, there are no trees at all, and only marsh grasses and bushes form the vegetation cover.

Mixed forests

The mixed forest zone in the central part of the East European Plain from St. Petersburg in the north to the border with Ukraine in the south is characterized by the presence of both coniferous and deciduous trees. Evergreen conifers predominate in the north, while deciduous trees are prevalent in the south. Major broadleaf species include oak, beech, maple and hornbeam.

A similar forest cover prevails in the southern part of the Russian Far East, along the middle Amur river valley and southward along the Ussuri river valley. The basis of the soil cover of the mixed forest zone is made up of gray-brown forest soils. They are not as sterile as the soils of the Taiga, and with proper agricultural cultivation, they can be very productive. In the south, a narrow forest-steppe zone separates the mixed forest from the steppes.

Forest-steppe and steppe

Although at present a significant area of ​​the forest-steppe is plowed up, it has natural meadow vegetation with scattered groves of trees. On average about 150 km wide, this zone extends eastward through the valleys of the middle Volga and the Southern Urals in the southern parts of the West Siberian Plain. Separate areas of the forest-steppe are also found in the southern intermontane basins of Eastern Siberia. A mixture of grasses with a small patch of trees in sheltered valleys is the natural vegetation of the Russian steppe - a large area that includes the western half of the North Caucasian Plain and a land belt that extends eastward through the southern Volga valley, southern Urals and western Siberia. As in the case of the forest-steppe zone, practically all the steppes of the country are cultivated.

List of plants of Russia

Below is a list of some trees, shrubs, herbs with descriptions and photos that characterize the flora of Russia.

Fluffy birch

Downy birch is a deciduous tree species found throughout northern Europe and northern Asia, growing farther north than any other broadleaf tree on the planet. Often confused with a related species - drooping birch, but downy birch prefers wetter areas, grows well on heavy and poorly drained soils; young trees are also easily confused with dwarf birch.

Common hornbeam

Common hornbeam, also known as European or Caucasian hornbeam, native to Western and Central Asia as well as Eastern and Southern Europe are a species of deciduous trees. It prefers a warm climate, and is found only at an altitude of 600 meters above sea level. Grows in mixed forests with oak, and in some areas with beech.

English oak

A tree from the beech family, widespread in the European part of Russia. It is the dominant tree species in the southern regions of the forest and forest-steppe zones. It is a large deciduous tree reaching 40 meters in height and 4-12 meters in circumference of the trunk.

Siberian spruce

Siberian spruce is a coniferous tree, a species of spruce native to Siberia, growing from Ural mountains to the east to the Magadan region, as well as from the arctic forest line to the Altai mountains in the northwest of Mongolia.

White willow

White willow is a species of willow found in Europe, Western and Central Asia. The name comes from the white underside of the leaves. These are medium to large deciduous trees, growing up to 10-30 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of about 1 meter. The bark is gray-brown, deeply fissured in old trees.

Field maple

Native to much of Europe, the British Isles, Southwest Asia (from Turkey to the Caucasus) and North Africa (in the Atlas Mountains), a species of trees from the Sapindae family. They are also successfully cultivated outside their natural range in the United States and Western Australia in areas with suitable climate... In Russia, the most common in middle lane the European part of the country.

it deciduous tree, reaching 15-25 meters in height, with a trunk up to 1 meter in diameter and finely fractured, thin bark.

Siberian larch

Siberian larch is a frost-resistant coniferous tree growing in the western part of Russia, from the Finnish border to the east to the Yenisei valley in the central part of Siberia, where it hybridizes with Gmelin larch; the hybrid is known as Chekanovsky Larch.

Siberian larch reaches 20-50 meters in height, with a trunk up to 1 meter in diameter. The crown is conical in young trees, and takes on an oval-rounded shape as it grows.

Common juniper

The common juniper is a coniferous tree species with the largest geographical range among woody plants, with a circumpolar distribution throughout the subarctic belt, from the Arctic south to 30 ° N in North America, Europe and Asia. Relic populations can be found in the Atlas Mountains of Africa. On the territory of Russia, they are found in the forests and forest-steppe of the European part of the country, as well as in the western and less often eastern regions of Siberia.

The common juniper is a small evergreen tree or a shrub of very variable shape and up to 16 meters high.

Alder gray

Gray alder is a species of the genus of alder with a wide range in the colder regions of the northern hemisphere.

Trees range in size from small to medium, with maximum height about 15-20 meters, smooth gray bark (even in older specimens), and a life expectancy of no more than 60-100 years.

Aspen

Aspen is a deciduous tree species common in temperate and cool regions of Europe and Asia, from Iceland and the British Isles east to Kamchatka, in the north within the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and Russia, southern and central Spain, Turkey, Tien Shan, North Korea and Northern Japan.

It is a tall deciduous tree that grows up to 40 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of over 1 meter. The bark is pale greenish-gray, smooth on young trees with dark gray rhomboid lenticels, turns dark gray and fissured on older trees.

Siberian cedar pine

Siberian cedar pine is a type of pine that grows in Siberia from 58 ° east longitude in the Urals to 126 ° east longitude in the south of the Sakha Republic, as well as from 68 ° north latitude in the lower Yenisei valley south to 45 ° north latitude in the central part of Mongolia.

In the north of its range, it grows at low altitudes, usually 100-200 meters, while closer to the south, it occurs at an altitude of 1000-2400 meters above sea level. Siberian cedar pine is a slow-growing tree with a maximum height of 30-40 meters and a trunk diameter of about 1.5 meters. Life expectancy is 800-850 years.

Siberian fir

Siberian fir is an evergreen coniferous tree growing in the taiga east of the Volga River and south of 67 ° 40 "north latitude in Siberia, through Turkestan, northeastern Xinjiang, Mongolia and Heilongjiang.

Prefers a cold climate, moist soils in mountains or river basins at an altitude of 1900-2400 meters above sea level. Siberian fir is a very shade-tolerant frost-resistant tree that grows at temperatures down to -50 ° C. It rarely lives for more than 200 years due to its susceptibility to woody fungus.

Mountain ash

Rowan ordinary - woody or shrub plant from the pink family. The range stretches from Madeira and Iceland to Russia and North China.

Rowan is found in the form of a tree or shrub that grows from 5 to 15 meters in height. The crown is rounded or irregular shape, and the trunk is thin and cylindrical up to 40 cm in diameter.

Common barberry

This deciduous shrub can grow up to 4 meters in height. Leaves are small, oval, 2-5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide, with a jagged edge; they grow in bunches of 2 to 5 leaves. The flowers are yellow, 4-6 mm in diameter, blooming on a brush length in late spring. Oblong red berries, 7-10 mm long and 3-5 mm wide, ripen in late summer or autumn; they are edible but very acidic and rich in vitamin C.

Marsh wild rosemary

Low shrub about 50 cm (rarely up to 120 cm) in height with evergreen leaves 12-50 mm long and 2-12 mm wide. The flowers are small, with a five-lobed white corolla, and radiate strong smell to attract bees and other pollinating insects. It has a wide geographical range in Russia, which covers the tundra, forest zone, Siberia and the Far East.

Common lilac

Common lilac is a flowering shrub plant from the Olive family, native to the Balkan Peninsula, where it grows in the wild on rocky hills. The species is widely cultivated as ornamental plant and was naturalized in other regions of Europe (including Russia, Great Britain, France, Germany, and Italy), as well as most of North America.

It is a large deciduous shrub or small multi-stemmed tree that grows up to 6-7 meters, producing secondary shoots from the base or root system, which can grow into a small colonial thicket over the course of decades. The bark is gray or gray-brown, smooth on young stems, and furrowed longitudinally on older stems. Leaves are simple, 4-12 cm long and 3-8 cm wide, light green to gray, oval to heart-shaped, with pinnate venation and pointed top. Flowers typically range from lilac to mauve, sometimes white. The fruit is a dry, smooth, brown capsule, 1-2 cm long, split into two parts to release the seeds.

Viburnum ordinary

Viburnum vulgaris is a deciduous shrub plant, reaching 4-5 meters in height. Leaves are opposite, three-lobed, 5-10 cm long and wide, with a rounded base and coarsely serrated edges; outwardly similar to the leaves of some types of maple, but differ in a slightly wrinkled surface. It blooms in early summer and is pollinated by insects. Globular, bright red fruits (7-10 mm in diameter) contain one seed. The seeds are carried by birds and other animals.

Poppy polar

One of the northernmost plants in the world. The stem is tough, hardy and covered with black hairs, flowers with delicate yellow or white petals. Flowers constantly turn towards the sun, repeating its movement across the sky, and attracting insects. The arctic poppy grows in meadows, mountains and dry beds. They thrive among rocks that absorb heat from the sun and provide shelter for the root system.

Stinging nettle

Nettle is an easily recognizable, unfortunately often easily felt plant, the stems and leaves of which are covered with stinging hairs. it effective method avoid the fate of being eaten, and also makes nettles an important refuge for caterpillars and many other insects. In addition to stinging nettle, stinging nettle is widespread in Russia.

Violet tricolor

Violet tricolor, also known as pansies- annual, sometimes perennial plant growing in Europe and temperate regions of Asia. It was also introduced in North America, where it spread widely. It is the progenitor of the cultivated violet and is therefore sometimes referred to as the wild violet.

Hazel grouse

Chess hazel grouse is a perennial herb that has a rather unusual appearance, as for wildflowers. Prefers damp, low-lying meadows and pastures in Europe and Western Asia. Thrives on soils that have never been exposed to intensive agriculture, and in the present it is encountered less and less.

Sedge

Sedge is a genus of perennials herbaceous plants, numbering about 2 thousand species. In Russia, there are from 300 to 400 species that grow in various climatic conditions, landscapes and habitats throughout the country.

In this section of the plant encyclopedia, you can find out what trees are, study their different types and decide what trees to plant on your site or in the garden. All trees are divided into several varieties, so you can visit one of the sections that interest you most. At the bottom of this page is a photo gallery where you can find decorative and fruit species trees together, including conifers and deciduous species with photos and names in alphabetical order. You can learn about each type important features on additional pages. This information will help you decide which trees to plant based on their care requirements.

Siberian apricot photo, description Flowering plant blooms from late May (10 days) height: up to 1.5 m	Japanese apricot photos, varieties, description syn. Apricot mume, Chinese plum, Japanese plum Fruit, decorative tree or bush height: up to 6 m	Chinese quince photo, description Fruit and ornamental tree Medicinal plant Grown in mild climates height: 10 - 18 m
Ailanthus photo, description syn. Chinese ash - the highest ailanth, ferrous ailanth Decorative tree Flowering plant height: 18 - 25 m	Silver acacia (whitewashed) photo, description popularly: Mimosa Evergreen leaf. wood Indoor plant height: 10 - 12 m	White acacia (common name) photo, description scientific. Robinia pseudoacacia, robinia vulgaris, robinia pseudoacacia, robinia pseudoacacia Flowering tree, honey plant Decorative tree height: 20 - 35 m
Albicia photo, description syn. Acacia of Constantinople (popularly) Flowering tree, less often a shrub Mild climate garden plant (some species) Indoor plant height: up to 10 m	Albizia Lankaran photo, description syn. Silk acacia (people), silk tree (people) Blooming tree Garden tree of mild climate Indoor plant height: 6 - 9 m	Ginkgo biloba photo, description syn. Ginkgo biloba Garden viable tree Medicinal plant
Spruce photos, types, description bunk bed Christmas tree Has dwarf, spherical, conical, creeping varieties	Linden photo, views, landing, care Trees, rarely shrubs Columnar, conical, spherical varieties	Larch photos, views, general description Deciduous conifers, decorative. shrubs Among decorative varieties weeping, spherical, pyramidal, hemispherical, standard plants
Juniper photos, types, descriptions, varieties syn. Veres - common juniper Trees, shrubs Columnar, cone-shaped, dwarf, creeping varieties	Robinia, its types and varieties bunk bed Acacia Deciduous trees and shrubs Ornamental plant There are non-flowering varieties Honey plant	Pine photo, types, meaning, description syn. some species: dwarf cedar, Siberian cedar (Siberian pine) Trees, shrubs or creepers Columnar, cone-shaped, shrub, creeping, dwarf species and varieties
syn. filamentous yucca - Adam's needle, garden yucca, garden palm, tree of happiness Garden or indoor plant Evergreen shrub or tree average height: 30 cm - 2 m

Trees are perennial ligneous plants, a characteristic feature of which is the presence of a central lignified trunk, from which skeletal and lateral branches extend, forming a crown.

All trees by type of foliage are deciduous and coniferous. Coniferous trees have hard leaves, scaly or needle-shaped, called needles. Deciduous trees have wide and flat leaves. What other trees are there: deciduous and evergreen. Evergreen trees change their foliage imperceptibly throughout the year, they do not have a pronounced seasonal leaf fall, which allows them to be covered with foliage all year round... The same cannot be said for deciduous plant species that completely lose their leaves in the autumn-winter season. In addition to biological classification, there are other divisions that have arisen in the process of human life. For example, according to various criteria, trees are divided into ship, valuable, cultivated, fruit, tropical, etc.