Royal crown flower reproduction. Grouse imperial (royal crown)

Grouse-crown

There is, perhaps, no magazine or catalog that does not mention the imperial hazel grouse, or the royal crown. No wonder this plant has been widely known for a long time; it has been grown in Europe since the 16th century. Nevertheless, many have problems with it - it often does not bloom. But the hazel grouse is not to blame for this, but the owners of the site - they do not know the biology of the plant, they do not take into account its cultivation features.

So let's start with biology... This is a plant from the Liliacea family, the genus Fritillaria, or Fritillaria of the Petilium section. The range of the imperial hazel grouse (F. imperialis) is a vast territory: from Asia Minor, through Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia to the Himalayas. Everywhere this plant is rare and protected by law. In nature, the imperial hazel grouse is represented by a number of forms that differ in their appearance and color of flowers. A very close species to it, F. eduardii, also grows in Central Asia, but there is still no consensus among botanists about the independence of this species.

The "Tsar's crown" in nature lives in the foothills and mountains, in places where it is rather humid in spring, and extremely dry and hot in summer. Therefore, he is in a hurry to quickly veg. Its shoots emerge from the ground in spring, as soon as the snow melts, and already at the beginning of May (under conditions middle lane) this hazel grouse reaches a size of 100-120 cm and blooms. And by the beginning of June, the aerial part dries up and the bulb retires. But at the end of summer, roots begin to grow at the bulb (even during storage, which, by the way, serves as a signal for planting it in the ground) and an escape is formed the next year, then the bulb "falls asleep" again for the winter.

I must say that the bulbs of the imperial hazel grouse are very large(and Edward's hazel grouse is even larger, weighing up to 1 kg), slightly yellowish, consist of 2-4 accrete scales, with a specific odor. The hazel grouse, like tulips and colchicum, is annual and is renewed annually. In varietal hazel grouses, an adult bulb is divided into two or three almost every year, natural specimens reproduce by division very rarely.

For successful cultivation At the end of the growing season, hazel grouses are dug up and stored in the house in a dry and warm (preferably up to 300) place, in a paper bag or in wooden boxes, sprinkling with sawdust (rather so that they do not beat each other, since the bulbs of this hazel grouse are not prone to drying out). At this time, flower buds are laid for the next year. If the hazel grouses are not dug out, then after a cold and rainy summer the plant simply will not bloom, or even completely rot and die.

Planting the plants correctly is very important.... The planting site should be warm and sunny, and the soil is well-drained. The imperial hazel grouse responds well to the introduction of ash or lime when planting in the soil. Sand must be mixed into heavy soil, and humus or peat must be added to any soil. On heavy swimming uncultivated or poorly cultivated clays or high level groundwater and in the shade, the plant quickly dies.

The planting depth (calculated from the bottom) is usually 2-2.5 bulb diameters, for adult plants it is 20-25 cm. A layer of clean sand is poured at the bottom of the hole, the bulb is placed and covered with earth. There is an opinion that the bulbs should be planted sideways, but this is fundamentally wrong. And it is not clear what this opinion is based on. Grouse, like all normal bulbous, must be planted downside down. Planting is carried out at the end of August - September, when the roots begin to grow on the bulbs.

When purchasing the bulbs, pay attention to the fact that they are not lethargic and rotten, and there should be no sprouted roots. And further important point... Until now, the imperial hazel grouse is often sold in markets and exhibitions of allegedly all kinds of colors - white, blue, blue, purple, black, etc. But the fact is that there is no such thing! Usually there is the same picture next to the bags of bulbs. Take a closer look, and you will understand that it is only painted with the help of a computer in different colors... And in May, they often sell excavated flowering plants, but you shouldn't buy them either. If such a hazel grouse does not die, then it will have to grow for several years until the next flowering.

Grouse is a fairly winter-hardy plant, withstands very coldy without shelter. Seedlings tolerate spring frosts well.

Grouse are quite resistant to diseases. Viral diseases, from which lilies and tulips suffer so much, have not been noted. True, in damp and cold weather, hazel grouse bulbs can rot. But don't despair, they can be saved. It is enough to cut out the rotten part to healthy tissue with a sharp knife, sprinkle with ash, crushed coal, ground sulfur, or disinfect with alcohol, brilliant green and dry.

Of the pests of hazel grouse, it is worth noting first of all lily beetle... It is a small red beetle that eats leaves and buds, its larvae, covered with dark brown slime, feed on the leaves. Measures to combat this pest are to collect it manually and treat the plants with systemic insecticides (for example, Confidor). Strongly spoil the life of the hazel grouse snails and slugs that can completely chew on plants (including the bulb in the soil). Bulbs can also be damaged by the larva of the click beetle - wireworm... But such ordinary garden pests like aphids, caterpillars and the like do not attack hazel grouses.

About two dozen varieties of imperial hazel grouse are known... Of those that can be found on sale and in collections, I will name:

variety Aurora (Aurora)- With orange flowers, the most usual height for the "imperial crown" - 0.8-1 m;
Prolifera variety- it is similar to the previous one, but its flowers are arranged in two tiers.

Of pure yellows, there are Lutea varieties and Maxima Lutea

The varieties Rubra and Rubra Maxima the color of the flowers is brick-red, but if the first is relatively low, up to 70 cm, then Rubra Maxima reaches a height of 1.5 m.

Variety Orange Brilliant interesting beige flowers, it is 80 cm high.

Have Sulpherino varieties flowers are orange with yellow edging.

Ruduke variety differs in brownish-yellow color of flowers.

But, perhaps, the most effective varieties are variegated. Argenteovariegata- with pure white fringing of leaves and Aureomarginata (Aureomarginata)- with yellowish fringing of leaves and red-orange flowers. And although both of these varieties have been known for 300 years, nevertheless, they are still very rare even among collectors, since, on top of all, they are the most capricious. They also have smaller bulbs, less viable and, unfortunately, less winter-hardy, therefore, after severe winters with little snow, hazel grouses of these varieties often fall out.

Like any other flower, the imperial hazel grouse requires special care... It is important to know the rules of planting, care and other nuances. Another name for this beautiful flower- Tsar's crown. Although the names are very proud, nevertheless, the flower is unpretentious.

The imperial hazel grouse flower can be grown outdoors. The plant is bulbous, which means that you need to choose the right bulb for planting. The gardener himself chooses when to plant the bulb: in early spring or in the fall, both types of planting are practiced.

Outwardly, it can be assumed that the "royal crown" flowers belong to the lily family. The large flowers are very similar to orange bells. Flowers always grow on long stems. The height of the flower stems of the royal crown can reach one and a half meters.

As soon as spring comes, hazel grouses are among the first to bloom in the open field. A rocky garden or will always be decorated with these flowers. Even apart from other flowers, imperial hazel grouses look amazing.

Why does the imperial hazel grouse not bloom?

At the beginning of summer, you can harvest hazel grouse bulbs for planting on New Year, you can dig up the onions after the hazel grouses have faded. As usual, the bulb should be inspected for damage. Processed planting material solution of potassium permanganate. It is noteworthy that the mass of the bulb can reach up to one kilogram.

Only bulbs that do not have roots are suitable for planting in the ground. You can choose any sort of hazel grouse for your garden. Of course, when buying, you may not know the color of the future plant. But then, in the spring, it will be a real surprise.

In the summer, after the flower has faded, you can dig up the bulb and cook it for the new season. This is usually done at the end of June. It is important to prevent root rotting.

Tsar's crown (hazel grouse) flower cultivation

Preparing for boarding and disembarking at open ground hazel grouse

Before planting the bulbs, you need to prepare the hole in two weeks. The pit is 30 centimeters deep and approximately 40 centimeters wide. The distance between the two holes should be 25 centimeters. Sand is laid out on the bottom, a peg is stuck. Then an onion is placed near the peg. Sprinkle the planting material with earth and fertilize it with compost.

After planting, the plant must be watered, even in autumn. Watering is carried out until frost. The plant is frost resistant. To further protect the plant, cover it with foliage.

The plant needs moisture and a lot of sun. The plant can grow anywhere.

Flowers imperial hazel grouse, Photo

Flowers "royal crown", flowering photo

It is enough just to perform simple rules planting in open ground, which we talked about today, and yours will always be decorated with the flowering of imperial hazel grouses.

The royal crown, Mary's tears or the imperial hazel grouse adorns the courtyard of almost every second gardener. Experts know it comes not about three different types flowers, but about one thing. Looks like perennial beautiful and attractive. And I fell in love with him precisely for the royal stately appearance.

A little about the grouse imperial

Individuals growing alone on a flower bed or whole orange-yellow colonies always attract the attention of passers-by. The flower is not a rare species.

It takes root easily in almost any climate. , quite viable, resistant to frosty winters, that is, it is convenient option landscaping adjoining territory for gardeners and simply lovers of ornamental plants.

The perennial plant got its aristocratic name because of its rich appearance. An emerald stem with glossy leaves is crowned with 4-5 bright yellow or orange bells. A primordial royal crown.

The plant belongs to the Liliaceae family. Representatives of this family are characterized by whole leaves(without stipules), trunks without branching and underground shoots in the form of bulbs or corms.

How to plant imperial hazel grouse correctly?

The hazel grouse is propagated in several ways:

by planting bulbs in the ground;
by sowing seeds.

In the first case the bulb is deepened underground by about 30 cm. This measure gives the adult plant resistance to the manifestations of bad weather. Even strong wind or rain cannot uproot the plant.

If there is not enough soil nutrients, it should be flavored with any complex fertilizers.

Imperial Flower Trunk sometimes reaches a height of one and a half meters.
The bulb germinates with the appearance of the first spring rays, practically with the melting of the snow.

At the expiration of 1.5-2 weeks the royal crown reaches maximum height 0,5-1,50 m. In the same period, buds ripen on the top of the head, which always and everywhere "look" down.

In early summer are formed seed pods suitable for breeding imperial hazel grouse. They retain their green color and fresh appearance for a long time, despite the fact that the trunk and leaves are already drying out.

During June and July, the seeds ripen, which is signaled by a yellowed and half-opened capsule.

If the prospect of a seven-year wait for the plant to bloom does not scare the owner, the seeds can and should be used to breed exotic hazel grouse. The patient gardener receives a sufficient amount of invaluable planting material.

The end of the growing season is marked for the imperial hazel grouse by the formation of a young bulb. It is hardly noticeable due to its small size, but it is quite suitable for the continuation of the genus of a perennial plant.

To reproduce a flower, the old bulb should be carefully dug out, the daughter formation should be separated and both planting materials should be immediately planted in the ground at a distance of about 20 cm from each other.

If a harsh winter is expected, cover the areas with bulbs with straw. This planting material is planned to be used in August.

A situation may arise when the planting period must be postponed. In this case, the bulbs from June to August should be stored in a well-ventilated area; the planting material does not need to be dried.

General features of caring for the royal crown

Like all plants, my beloved imperial hazel grouse has its own character. The flower loves:

sunny territories or partial shade;
fertile soil, but it easily takes root in rocky areas;
moderate watering during the flowering period;
does not need additional feeding.

The royal crown can be described as:

frost-resistant
capable of fruitful reproduction, both by bulbs and seeds (they are planted in the fall)
quite vulnerable with a long flowering period (up to 2 weeks).

From the above, we conclude: the imperial hazel grouse will become the central element of the flower bed on personal plot, will successfully complement the multicolored rocky alpine slide or mixborder. Its vitality is legendary, so there is no reason to refuse the pleasure of pleasing yourself with a new ornamental plant.

The well-known hazel grouse is not only the name of a small bird of variegated color, it is also the name of a representative of the flora, the scientific name of which is transferred from Latin as Fritillaria. There is an assumption that this interpretation comes from the Latin name of the glass for throwing dice "fritillus", since the corolla of the flower is very similar to it, and from the point of view of the Russian language everything is much simpler - hazel grouse means "pockmarked" or "variegated", which is very accurately describes color range plants. Still very often the hazel grouse is called the "royal crown", perhaps because the set of colors really resembles outward appearance inverted crown. The flower hazel grouse is one of the representatives of the genus of herbaceous perennials, a member of the Liliaceae family. In natural conditions, more than a hundred of its congeners, species representatives, have been found. The most common plants in the latitudes of the northern part of the earth's hemisphere are indigenous to the eastern and western parts of Asian countries.

Royal flower hazel grouse

Description

Very often you can hear that flowers are referred to as "trees of paradise", perhaps because they outwardly resemble a small palm tree, on top of which there are flowers. The ground part of the plant is presented in the form of a large stem with many leaves of a narrow-linear or oblong-lanceolate shape. The arrangement of the leaves can be either scattered or whorled. The base of each leaf has a round or semicircular nectary. Grouse flowers are single, can be collected in an umbrella or panicle. Outwardly, they very much resemble drooping tulips or.

The outer part of the flower can be the most different colors shades: for example, yellow, lilac, white or red colors.

The underground part of the plant is presented in the form of bulbs with fleshy scales, capable of annual renewal. The bulbs do not have integumentary scales, and therefore the attitude towards them should be as careful as possible. The plant is usually considered to be among the ephemeroids. The ripening of the hazel grouse results in a small capsule containing many seeds.

Species representatives

Grouse have a rather complex classification. If we try to briefly describe it, then first you need to mention that it consists of six sections, which include various varieties and species.

Section 1 (lat.Eufritillaria)

It consists of four groups, which include species whose birthplace is considered to be the Mediterranean countries, the western part of the Asian continent, and European countries. The most famous representative of this group is the hazel grouse. It can grow up to forty centimeters, has single drooping flowers, purple-brown in color with a checkerboard pattern, from which the name itself. In the process of growing and caring, he is not capricious, boasts the presence of many forms that live mainly in front gardens, and varieties, such as: Alba, Aphrodite - carriers of white-flowered forms, Artemis - the owner of purple-green flowers, Jupiter - the owner of the largest perianths, dark red tint. Also, examples of this group category include a hazel grouse called Mikhailovsky, a hazel grouse, a hazel grouse called a needle-leafed grouse, a chess-like hazel grouse, yellow, mountain grouse, and so on.

Chess hazel grouse (section 1)

Section 2 (lat.Petilium)

This section consists of the largest species representatives distributed in the Himalayas, Turkey, in the north-eastern part of Iraq and Turkmenistan. The most famous member of this group is considered to be the royal hazel grouse, or its current name is the imperial hazel grouse. It is a Turkish resident, it is from there that it originates. Today, there are approximately twenty species of the royal flower. For this hazel grouse, the characteristic features are bad smell bulbs, relatively high stem - up to one meter long, the presence of broad-lanceolate leaves of a whorled arrangement and drooping flowers, similar to bells. The flowers themselves reach a size of six centimeters, the dominant color is orange. Famous varieties are Aurora (short in stature with orange-red flowers), Lutea and Lutea maxima (rather tall representatives from one meter to one and a half, bright yellow flower color), Sulferino is a traditional-shaped hazel grouse, owner of orange flowers with a red mesh. This group also includes Edward's hazel grouse and Radde's hazel grouse.

Grouse royal or imperial (section 2)

Section 3 (lat.theresia)

It includes only one species - Persian hazel grouse, which is an inhabitant of the Western side of Asia.

Persian hazel grouse (section 3)

Section 4 (Latin Rhinopetalum)

Inhabitants of the Chinese side and Afghanistan. The most common of them are Kamchatka hazel grouse, two-flowered hazel grouse and called related.

Grouse Kamchatka (section 4)

Section 5 (lat.Korolkowia)

It includes only one species representative called Severtsov's hazel grouse, its habitat is limited only to the region of Central Asia.

Grouse Severtsova (section 5)

Section 6 (lat.Liliophiza)

This section includes species originating from the countries of the North American continent. For example, one of them is the gray hazel grouse. Relatively short view, with long flowers yellow color With outside, and the inside is speckled.

Grouse gray (section 6)

Growing a royal flower in the garden

The most striking and demanded garden culture is the imperial hazel grouse, or royal, or royal crown. The process of growing this species in our area dates back to the 16th century. Flowering begins in early spring, after the last snow melts. After winter period Plants with bright colors are eye-catching and pleasing to the eye. Royal flower harmonizes quite well with other spring flowers. Its bulb gives birth to two peduncles forming new bulbs.

The imperial hazel grouse prefers to grow on light, fertile and moderately moist soil, with good drainage... The flower is a lover of sunlight, but it grows well in semi-dark zones.

Planting a flower hazel grouse

At the end of the growing period, the flower bulbs must be dug out of the ground and subsequently stored in a dry room with good circulation of fresh air, until root shoots appear from them. They are the characteristic indicator of the optimal time for planting. This happens most often at the end of summer.

The bulbs of the "royal crown" do not have integumentary scales for protection and therefore there is a danger of their drying out. In view of this, it is not worth purchasing them. late autumn because there is a high probability that they are overdried and will not grow.

Therefore, if it was not possible to plant at the appointed time, then the bulb can be placed in a container with moistened peat and left in the refrigerator in the vegetable compartment. The latest time for planting is considered the end of September, it is not worth planting later, since there will be no flowering. It is recommended to rinse the flower bulbs in a manganese solution before planting, then lightly roll them in chopped charcoal.

In order to plant hazel grouses, it is important to pre-prepare the proposed plot of land. To begin with, it is important to dig it up well, adding a small amount of sand, peat and humus to the soil, it is better to do this without fail regardless of the quality of the soil. The depth of the planting hole should be about thirty centimeters, a small layer of sand or wet peat is poured onto the bottom. After that, a bulb is placed in this composition, positioning it so that the bottom looks down, while it is important to carefully correct the root processes, and then sprinkle it with earth.

Although the plant bears such a high name as the "royal crown", nevertheless it is not at all capricious and not demanding in terms of courting. This makes it an excellent opportunity to have it in even inexperienced amateur florists. However, this does not entirely apply to the imperial representative. To grow this handsome man, you still have to spend some time and effort.

The most important thing to remember is that hazel grouses, like any other plant, need watering, especially in hot summer period, do not allow the soil to dry out strongly. Even after the end of the flowering period, watering is still necessary, since the bulbs in the ground cannot tolerate dry soil. Do not forget about the necessary top dressing, which needs to be done in the second half of April and after the flowering itself. A good option there may be dry fertilizers.

The royal flower needs regular weeding, which is best done every time the soil is moistened. It is not recommended to loosen the soil, in order to avoid damage to the rhizome, therefore experienced florists in this case, they just mulch land plot peat layer or a small amount of humus. It is advised to do this immediately after planting.

Care for imperial hazel grouse (video)

Reproduction of hazel grouses (video)

Natural division of the bulb is considered the most reliable method of propagation. Although this process is very long, the likelihood of full flowering is very high. As usual, the bulb of the imperial hazel grouse produces only two daughter babies, in turn, the baby transplanted separately continues the maturation process for a certain number of years, which leads to the fact that the flowering process is delayed.

In this case, there is a way to accelerate the emergence of the baby. Its essence lies in the fact that in a sufficiently large and fleshy onion, make shallow scrapings of two centimeters in size and allow them to dry out. After that, the incised onion is placed in a sandy substrate and left in a room with good ventilation. You can plant a plant after the bulb gives new root formations.

As for the implementation of the reproductive process with the help of seeds, this is the prerogative of professional flower growers. Only they are able to carry out this procedure.

Grouse after flowering

At the end of the flowering process, which occurs in the middle of summer, the flowers lose their decorative external attractiveness. After the visible part of the flower begins to turn yellow, it is worth starting to dig up the bulbs. In this case, this should be done immediately so that flower pests do not do it first. Then the bulbs should be cleaned of dried scales, rinsed in warm water and soak in a manganese solution for 30 minutes. Next, carefully check and remove all kinds of damage, treat with a fungicide and leave in a room with good access to fresh air for drying.

How many different flowers have come to us from distant, once mysterious countries. We have long considered many of them ours: roses, irises, tulips or peonies ...

However, hazel grouse, he is imperial hazel grouse, fritillaria or royal crown - special flower genus hazel grouse, lily family. A very popular plant in summer cottages, almost everyone grows orange "inverted lilies".

So, hazel grouse is imperial cultivation .

I really love perennial flowers that you can plant and forget about them. Some growers dig up their tulips every year, plant them again so that the flowers are large. I don’t do this, if I don’t forget, then once in 3-4 years I will transplant a part).

The imperial hazel grouse is very unpretentious perennial flower... He, like daffodils, is disliked by shrews, who are looking for treats in the spring. The smell coming from them is not to their taste. But tulips, on the contrary, are simply adored.

I bought the first two bushes of imperial hazel grouse in the market, sold by an old woman at a very affordable price. These were the most common orange colors already in bloom. I immediately planted them in the ground and cut them off. The next year, the royal crown had already bloomed.

Flowers of a beautiful yellow color

But, as a rule, buy imperial hazel grouse, which would bloom next spring together with daffodils and tulips, difficult. Usually in stores they sell Dutch varieties, very beautiful, but small size onions are children that you can wait for flowering for 2, or even 3 years.

Feel free to plant your purchased children in the fall at the end of September or early October, you can plant it in the spring. In general, the cultivation of imperial hazel grouse is essentially no different from other bulbous (daffodils, tulips, crocuses). The main thing is that the planting material grows in a dry place, otherwise it will rot.

The imperial hazel grouse blooms with yellow, orange, crimson, red and even "checkered" flowers.

Planting bulbs

I planted mine to a depth of 4 - 5 bulb diameters, in loose soil, at a distance of about 20 cm from each other. Planting the bulbs of the imperial hazel grouse is deep enough, all so that the flower can keep the peduncle in the correct upright position. So that there is resistance against the wind.

The place for planting the imperial hazel grouse must be chosen sunny, high, so that they do not accumulate in the soil groundwater and the bulbs did not rot. You can artificially raise the flower bed, add a little river sand or land.

Be sure to mark the landing site of the imperial hazel grouse. So that over time, small bulbs develop well, grow, and finally bloom, I plant them in clean compost. In the first year, low green panicles will grow on the flower bed from the planted onions, which, along with the stems of the tulips, will dry out in due time.

Good nutrition for the imperial hazel grouse is simply necessary, because the flower will have to grow from a meter to one and a half meters, depending on the variety.

After flowering

Cutting off the wilted stems, loosen the soil, and again add clean compost to the flowerbed with hazel grouses. If the weather is hot and dry, remember to water sparingly and loosen the soil again.

After flowering and shedding the petals, I always remove the seed pods on the imperial hazel grouse - they take away too much energy from the plant.

Only, of course, if you are not the most patient person in the world or a breeder - then carefully collect the seeds, sow immediately after harvesting before winter. In 7 - 10 years you will grow a royal crown from seeds.

Of course, it is much easier to propagate with bulbs, but the imperial hazel grouse is also modest here. Gives not willingly children, or rather rarely. Therefore, if you want a lot of the royal crown, then you will have to buy all the planting material. And God forbid ruining it, you will have to buy it again.

I never cease to be amazed at the imperial hazel grouse in the spring. The flower is very bright, tall, it even reminds me of a bird. I personally do not dig up bulbs for a month after flowering, as many recommend. The imperial hazel grouse blooms well in spring and so on.

The only thing, after the stem has dried, if it does not fall off by itself, I cut it off near the ground so that the bulbs can rest in winter.