Lamps for a steam room. Lamp in the bath - factory and home-made products Scheme for the manufacture of lampshades for the sauna

Not everyone pays due attention to lighting fixtures when arranging a bath. However, a do-it-yourself lamp for a bathhouse is not only a beautiful and original piece of furniture, but also protects against burns, and also scatters light, which plays a huge role, since this is a place where a person should rest both in soul and body, but too strong lighting interferes with this.

There are several options for creating lamps in the bath with your own hands, photos of which can be found below. Some of them are extremely simple, and their manufacture does not take much time. It is especially worth noting wooden structures that will perfectly fit into the interior of any bath.

There are a lot of requirements for lighting fixtures located in rooms with high humidity and sudden temperature changes. Devices can be dangerous, therefore, in the manufacture of such elements, all the nuances must be taken into account.

A special requirement for a bath lampshade is reliable protection from a heated bulb, the ability to properly scatter light and make it soft and pleasing to the eye.

Do you need a lampshade in the bath?

Traditionally, in all rooms of the bath, including the steam room, the light sources are located in the corner. This allows you to get high-quality lighting with a small number of bulbs. Given that most steam rooms have very little free space, it is very easy to hit a hot lamp. To avoid burns and other troubles, it is worth covering the light bulb with a lampshade. With your own hands, you can create a beautiful corner or regular wall version.

Experts recommend installing several light sources in the steam room at once. You don't need to use them all at once, just keep one as a spare in case the first light bulb burns out. This lamp also needs to be covered with a lampshade.

Preparatory work

It is not at all necessary to have skills in carpentry to make beautiful lamp for a bath made of wood with your own hands. The most important thing is to choose the right material and determine the type of model. Bath lampshades can be wall and corner. In addition, it is important to determine the size of the product so that the lamp performs its functions well. To make the work easier and more accurate, it is worth drawing everything on paper. According to these blanks, the drawings will be transferred to wood or other materials from which the bath lampshade will be made.

Experts recommend that beginners take a closer look at wooden products, these materials are the easiest to work with. Lamps made of wicker and birch bark are quite popular, but this is already a job for experienced craftsmen. All these materials have one thing in common: they are optimally suited for a steam room, that is, they easily withstand high temperatures and high humidity.

When choosing the right material for making a lampshade for a do-it-yourself bath lamp, you need to pay attention to such characteristics as low thermal conductivity, safety, moisture and heat resistance, as well as durability. In addition, ease of processing, decorative qualities and compliance with the general style of the interior play a huge role.

Professional craftsmen recommend choosing linden, aspen, cedar or larch. The last 2 types of wood are highly durable, but the price of such material is quite high. If there is no experience working on a bath lampshade, you can choose cheaper wood.

The use of pine and spruce is not recommended. When heated, they emit a strong coniferous aroma, which may not be to everyone's liking. Moreover, pine is very resinous, so you can get burned on it. If the master decided to opt for spruce or pine, they should be dried by about 15%.

The simplest and convenient way choose wood for the lampshade will use leftovers finishing materials. Thus, the finished lamp is ideal for the overall design and style.

In addition to the tree itself, you will need sandpaper, fasteners and glue to work. It is also important to treat wooden parts with special solutions that will extend their shelf life.

Wooden lattice lampshade

It is very simple to make such a lamp with your own hands. In this case, the design may be different, depending on the preferences of the master. Lattice bars can be installed vertically, horizontally or diagonally. It all depends on overall design premises.

If we are talking about a horizontal or vertical grate, you need to cut wooden bars of the same length, and then sand them well and cover them with a special solution. After that, the slats are nailed onto the frame, which can be C- or U-shaped. It is advisable to pre-draw the entire project on paper so that all the details are accurate and fit in size.

You need to sand the wood with coarse-grained sandpaper, and then with fine-grained paper. The height of the slat determines how large the lampshade will be. You need to nail it to the base at a distance of about 1 cm. This will allow you to get pleasant soft lighting in the steam room. It is best to install the lamp in the bath on galvanized self-tapping screws. They can also be used for fastening rails. In some cases, craftsmen recommend using good glue for this.

If the light bulbs in the steam room are located in the corners, you need to prepare the appropriate lamps. They are made according to the same principle as ordinary wall-mounted ones, but their base should be half the size of the letter C. First, you need to carefully measure everything so that the lampshade fits perfectly for a particular angle. If the bath has been built correctly, the angle of the fixture will be 90°.

To make a corner lamp for a bath with your own hands, it is better to choose a vertical mounting option for the rails. In addition, it will be much easier to work and do not have to cut and resize anything once again.

Vine lamp

If it is quite simple to make a lampshade for a steam room from wooden bars or lining, then a vine is already a task for professionals. Here you need to be able not only to choose the right material, but also to know the basics of working with it.

Most often, specialists work with willow twigs. They are quite flexible, but at the same time they are highly durable. First of all, the material must be steamed. So the twigs will become soft and pliable. Next, take a few thick rods for the rack. It is best if there are 3 of them. The height of the racks will be equal to the height of the wicker lampshade. After fixing the twigs, weaving begins.

An approximate view of wicker lamps can be seen in baskets and wicker furniture. Such options look very good and last a long time. It is important, after finishing work on the manufacture of a wicker lampshade, to process the product with a special solution and varnish it. This will extend the life of the lamp. It is attached, like a lampshade-lattice, to galvanized self-tapping screws. It is not worth gluing the lamp to the wall, as if it becomes necessary to replace the light bulb, problems may arise.

These are far from all possible options for making wooden lampshades for a do-it-yourself bath lamp. If the owner of the steam room has the skills to work with wood, you can create more original options. Here everything will depend solely on the imagination of the master. For those who have no experience with wood, you can stop at the first and simplest option.

Lighting design is perhaps the most important part of the overall impression of the bath: how subdued and soft the light in the steam room is, the sensations of the guests from the bath procedures depend, and how beautiful and stylish the lamps in the guest room are, the impression of the taste of the owners is created. But choosing a lamp for a steam room is not so easy - there are subtleties and nuances here.

General requirements for bath lamps

The high temperature and humidity of the bath impose their own requirements on lighting devices - you can’t hang any lamp there. And you shouldn’t even be guided by the opinion of a construction supermarket consultant alone - it’s better to find out in advance about all the lighting requirements in a humid and hot Russian bath, and protect yourself. And the requirements are simple: complete tightness, a certain voltage and marking of the lamp itself. And it is important that water cannot accidentally get on the latter - it is dangerous even for those specially protected from this, because they also get very hot.

According to the reviews of many attendants, the best lamps for baths and saunas are German, with frosted glass and a ceramic case. You can mount it both on the wall and not on the ceiling - if not in the steam room, of course. In it, all parts of the cartridge are made of ceramic - only metal contacts, and therefore it can easily withstand up to 125 ° C, and the silicone gasket protects well from the penetration of splashes, steam and dust.

Wooden gratings need to cover only those lamps for the bath, which have too bright and direct light - this is necessary to scatter it. But at frosted glass it is already soft, and therefore an additional lampshade is not needed.

What type is better to take a lamp in a steam room?

This question cannot be answered unequivocally - each of the above has its pros and cons. Choose the ones that are most suitable for your bath:

Halogen lamps - for the hottest areas

Huge popularity has recently won halogen lamps with their built-in reflectors - you can safely put them even in the steam room. They are usually 20-35 W in power, are not afraid of elevated ambient temperatures, and have constructive protection against splashes or accidental contact.

What are the advantages of halogen lamps? Their continuous spectrum is closest to the natural one for human body than standard incandescent lamps. And most importantly, they use an absolutely safe supply voltage. Bath attendants often joke that halogen lamps even like high temperatures - after all, they themselves are able to heat up to 400 ° C from the inside.

By the way, there are also halogen paws with a colored ceiling on sale, although it is not so easy to meet them.

Fluorescent lamps - adjustable brightness

Can be used in the bath fluorescent lamps- energy-saving and not integrated, but not those with an electromagnetic choke. They tolerate high temperatures well, but frost does not. Such lamps can be dimmed, which gives them certain advantages.

Fiber optic luminaires - convenient and stylish

Bright and stylish fiber-optic lamps for a bath are also not a bad option, but it is only important to connect them correctly, strictly according to the instructions, in compliance with all fire regulations.

Fashionable LEDs - an outlet for designers

But LED lamps for a bath do not like heat - in the steam room they need to be placed as low as possible to the floor. Their brightness is high, but the color scheme is rich, which is why bathhouse attendants often place them behind and under the shelves - such a mysterious backlight in the style of a space station that does not hit the eyes.

What lamps can not be placed in the bath?

Ordinary incandescent lamps are not suitable for a bath, which require special mechanical protection and threaten to explode into thousands of small fragments when a drop hits, and gas discharge lamps with their high power and poor color rendering.

Yes, and other lamps must also be protected from splashes, and so that “striped” shadows do not turn out because of the wooden crate, it is better to direct the lamps themselves in the opposite direction - on pre-installed reflective convex plates made of matte stainless steel.

Master class: a stylish lamp in the bath with your own hands

In view of the fashion for individuality and exclusivity in the interior, many are looking for stylish and unusual lamps for baths and saunas - all sorts of lampshades and glass flowers are boring at home. And they find it - fortunately, a modern manufacturer only pleases with fantasy and the implementation of an idea. But he also asks for a considerable price for his work - from $ 400 to $ 800 for the most decent options. So why not make such bath lamps with your own hands without spending $10 on it? Moreover, there is nothing complicated in this. And let friends and acquaintances later guess how much this light miracle was bought for and from which foreign manufacturer.

The main thing is that savings in this regard is just what you need! Wood, for example, for such a lamp, you can take the one that went to the interior decoration of the bath. You will also need the following materials:

• Glass 4 mm
• Plywood
• Special PET film with temperature range not less than 120˚C
• LEDs with illumination angle of 120˚С
• Getinaks - electrical insulating material
• aluminum tape
• Mounting adhesive and superglue

So, here's what you need to do:

Step 1. Templates for the main parts are made from fiberboard. For fidelity, the same template must be applied to the corner where the lamp is located.

Step 2. The main details of the frame are made according to the templates - preferably from linden. Vertical slats are also planed from it, the edges of which will need to be rounded:

• 4 pieces 750 x 35 x 15 cm
• 8 pieces 750 x 40 x 15 cm
• 4 pieces 750 x 45 x 15 cm
• 1 piece 550 x 50 x 20 cm - it is in it that the groove for the glass is made

Step 3. The main parts are fastened to the rails, and all joints are carefully coated with universal mounting adhesive, then tightened with self-tapping screws 70 mm long.

Step 4 Special strips are attached to stop the glass. The glass itself is cut from the prepared material and wrapped in PET film. What kind of film is this? It is commonly used for rewinding motors as insulation.

Step 5. The slats are sawn, tried on and smeared with mounting glue, after which they are tightened with self-tapping screws.

Step 6. Now you need to take a rail with parameters 750x45x15 - and mark on it the points where exactly the hole will be drilled. With two such slats, the glass will be fixed in place. Moreover, the outer vertical rails need to be fixed with screws from the back side.

Step 7. In a regular Word, a table is made with 3x3 cm cells and printed out. This sheet of paper must be glued to a sheet of getinax for the lamp and drilled at the intersection of the lines. The diameter of the holes should be about 5 mm - under the diameter of the LED. Then - with a larger drill, you need to make conical recesses - so that the light from the LEDs is more directional. After that, the paper can be washed off with water.

Step 8. Now glue the LEDs on the back of the panel - with ordinary superglue. There will be 80 of them in total - you need to solder them 4 pieces each. You will get 20 LEDs, 4 at each point, and all this is designed for 12 volts. The reflector for them will be aluminum tape.

Step 9. Install the power supply - it can be the same as for halogen bulbs. Only you need to place it outside the steam room, passing only the cable through the wall to the lamp. The total consumption of this stylish and inexpensive lamp will be some 250mA, which is equal to 3 watts.

Step 10. And, finally, all the slats are attached to the frame with screws - it is only important to pick them up to the length at which they will not come out from the front side. And the panel with LEDs is wrapped with PET film and fastened.

That's all - a stylish, durable and beautiful lamp for the steam room is ready!

Operating conditions electrical wiring in the bath are the most unfavorable. Accordingly, strict safety requirements are imposed on it, a neglectful attitude towards them can cause a fire in the premises or electric shock to those who are washing.

• PUE Chapter 7.1. Electrical installations of residential buildings;
• SNiP 2.08.01–89;
• and GOST R 50571.11-96.

Files for download. Normative documents regulating the rules for the installation of electrical wiring in buildings

SNiP 2.08.01-89

GOST R 50571.11-96

Do not proceed with the installation of electrical wiring if you do not have enough knowledge, such experiments can end very sadly. First, we will give some practical advice on calculating the technical indicators of electrical wiring, selecting cables and electrical fittings.

Where to start

The electrical wiring for bath lighting consists of several systems: an inlet shield with safety fittings, electrical cables and protective covers, wiring boxes (Berman boxes), switches, sockets and lighting fixtures. This is a classic "budget" set. For exclusive baths, this list can be significantly expanded by installing electronic equipment for controlling decorative lighting, additional motion sensors, etc.

According to the accepted classification, baths are divided into four security zones:

• boundary zone 0. The zone touches the internal shower tray and steam room shelves;
• restricted zone 1. Located at a distance of ≥ 60 centimeters from various types of water sprinklers;
• boundary zone 2. Bounded by a horizontal plane at a distance of 2 m above the floor;
• boundary zone 3. The horizontal and vertical boundary conditional planes are located at a distance of 2.25 m.

Depending on the area in which you plan to install electrical appliances, the degree of their protection is selected. Electrical equipment must have a degree of protection from IPX7 (in zone 0) to IPX1 (in zone 3). The degree of protection of electrical devices is indicated on the housing or in the instructions for use.

The brand of cables must be selected taking into account the maximum peak power and operating temperature conditions.

Practical advice. The size of the section of Turkish and Chinese cables in practice does not correspond to the declared ones. Why? Copper is an expensive metal, in order to save it, manufacturers deliberately somewhat reduce the cross section of conductive wires and do not indicate this in the instructions. In addition, equipment for the production of cables is outdated, it cannot give the same cross section along the entire length of the conductors. If, for example, a cross section of 1 mm2 is indicated on the cable, then in practice this means that this is the maximum diameter. And along its length there are sections with a section of 0.9, and with a section of 0.8, and with a section of 0.75 mm2. If you buy such cables, then immediately increase the power margin by 25% of that specified by the manufacturer, if you need to have a cable with a cross section of 1 mm2, buy a cable from these manufacturers of at least 1.25 mm2.

But this is not all the problems with unscrupulous companies. For the manufacture of insulation, they use low-quality plastics, in most cases after recycling. There is no guarantee of their reliability. The reliability of the insulation largely depends on the ambient temperature, each brand of cable has its own allowable limits. In addition, the higher the temperature of the cable, the higher the resistance of the conductor. In turn, the higher the resistance of the wire, the more it heats up. And it turns out a vicious circle, which can cause a cable burnout or a fire.

Output. The desire to save money on cheap cables leads to very real losses and unjustified risks, do not mess with them. It is much more profitable to immediately purchase expensive cables from well-known foreign or domestic brands. Check out the tables describing technical specifications cables of domestic and foreign production.

How to check the insulation, we will describe below. Often it is impossible to do the verification on your own, you will have to seek help from specialized companies. At the same time, they can draw up an act of compliance of the wiring with existing state regulations. They will also check the quality of the connection of the contacts of the electrical wiring.

This table applies only to products of bona fide manufacturers. For everyone else, increase the cable cross-section by at least 25%.

Do not use these cables outdoors, they are afraid of harsh UV radiation and sudden temperature changes.

These are often universal cables, suitable for indoor installation. But the rather high price makes their use in the premises economically unprofitable, there are much cheaper options.

This table will help you understand each letter and number on the label. Now it will be much easier to choose brands exactly according to your needs. It should be noted that copper cables are not a cheap pleasure; due to special knowledge, quite impressive amounts can be saved.

We have more or less figured out the theoretical section, you can proceed to the practical steps of installing lighting in the bath

Stages of installation of electric lighting in the bath

Very important. This is no longer theory, but practice. It so happened that in our country, grounding is still considered something superfluous. If in developed countries you will not find a single electrical device without grounding, then our compatriots are used to doing everything the old fashioned way. European standard obliges manufacturers to produce plugs and sockets only with grounding; the special design of plugs and sockets does not allow the use of ordinary connectors. But we are redesigning them and trying to “push” obsolete plugs into modern sockets or vice versa. We urge you to make grounding in the bath and during installation electrical networks use only three-core cables. If you have a three-phase current in your bath, then the number of cores should increase to at least five.

It is not difficult to make grounding, for this you just need to drive a metal pin into the ground to a depth of at least one meter and attach a ground wire to it.

The specific depth depends on the physical characteristics of the soils and the total power of the instruments used.

Grounding is checked with a special device with a megohmmeter. By the way, it is also used when checking the insulation and reliability of cable connections in wiring boxes. Such a device is quite expensive, but you don’t need it. All the same, permission to connect the bath will be given by the official representative of the energy networks, ask him and he will ring the wiring and grounding.

Now you can directly engage in electrical wiring in the bath.

Step 1. Draw a plan of the bath rooms and the approximate location of lighting fixtures, sockets and switches in it. If you plan to use electric heaters, boilers, Appliances- consider their placement. Do not rush to make a final decision, think of several options. Keep in mind that the entrance shield must be located in the locker room, vestibule or break room. It is strictly forbidden to place switches and sockets in the steam room. On the plan, mark not only sockets, switches and lighting fixtures, but also the wiring locations.

Step 2 Indicate the places of transitions of the line from one room to another. At the same time, keep in mind the safety zones and provide the necessary methods to protect the lines from mechanical damage.

Step 3 Calculate the total power of all consumers of electrical energy. We strongly recommend that you increase the received power by at least one and a half times, and based on this figure, make further calculations. No one can predict what appliances you want to install in the bath in a year or two, the wiring must withstand an unexpected increase in power. Much cheaper immediately pay a little more for electrical cables than to redo all the wiring. Depending on the power, cables and safety fittings are selected.

How to choose the cross section of cables and protective fittings

How is it done and why is it needed? The fact is that all cables are indicated by the cross section of the cores, and sockets, switches and protective fittings by the maximum current strength.

The power of electrical appliances is determined by the formula

P=I×U

where P is power, I is current, U is voltage.

Accordingly, the current flowing in the device that consumes the maximum power is determined by the formula

I=P/U

The voltage in the bath in most cases is 220 V. Sum up the power of all appliances and determine the maximum current. Further, according to the table, taking into account our recommendations, select the cable section.

This will be the main cable, from it to different rooms separate lines are diverted, the section of these cables is calculated in accordance with the maximum load in each of the bath rooms. The characteristics and nomenclature of protective devices depend on the total power. There are electronic, electromechanical and mechanical protective devices, we recommend using the latter. In terms of reliability, they fully meet the requirements of state standards, and at a price much cheaper. The device works simply: when the current increases in excess of the set values, the bimetallic plate increases the linear dimensions and turns off the disconnector through the lever system.

Criteria for the selection of consumers of electric current and fittings

For each room of the bath, it is necessary to select devices taking into account the operating conditions. According to the international classification, the case is marked with the IPXX code. XX - two digits indicating the degree of protection against penetration of third-party objects (first) and moisture (second). Get acquainted with the proposed tables, they will help you choose the best appliances for each bath room.

Class of protection of the housing against the ingress of foreign objects and dust

Let's determine, for example, which lamps you need to choose for the most "difficult" room of the bath - a steam room. There is no dust there, it is enough that the housing protects against the penetration of objects ≥ 2.5 mm (the first digit on the code should be “3”). In the steam room, they can not only bathe, but also pour water on the body. This means that the housing must protect against such impact, according to the table, the digital designation corresponds to "5". This means that the body of the luminaire in the steam room must be designated IP35. We talk about different protection classes in such detail not only because it directly affects safety, but also because the protection class of the case significantly changes the price of devices.

According to the same parameters, mounting boxes, sockets, etc. should be selected.

On the network you can find recommendations to use energy-saving light bulbs for a pair, they save electrical energy, create various design highlights, etc. We do not argue with this, all this is true, but it has nothing to do with the steam room. Why?

1. All energy-saving light bulbs have electronics built into the base to lower the voltage, supply a pulse, and so on. The operating modes of the electronics do not allow it to overheat; at high temperatures, it fails. What are the temperatures in the steam room?
2. The burning time of lighting fixtures in the bath is limited to a few hours a week. How long can the very high cost of energy-saving appliances pay off? According to our very optimistic calculations, with this mode of operation, the price of light bulbs can pay off in 70 years.

We advise you to install ordinary incandescent lamps in the steam room. But if you really want to bathe in the multi-colored rays of LEDs, protect them from overheating as much as possible. Place as close to the floor as possible, use additional shades, casings, etc. for thermal protection.

How to connect electrical cables

And there are standards that must not be violated. Each cable core has its own color, look at the table.

Simply put, for a single-phase circuit, blue should be connected to "zero", brown to "phase", and green-yellow to "ground". This is very important rule always follow it. Otherwise, you can not only get tangled in the wires, but also endanger the electrician performing the wiring repair.

Currently, the use of aluminum conductors for internal wiring is prohibited, but such cables exist in old baths.

Very important. Never directly connect copper and aluminum conductors, such a connection quickly oxidizes, the conductivity is significantly reduced, the twisting point heats up. In the best case, the connection will simply burn out, in the worst case, it will cause a fire. To connect copper and aluminum, you need to use steel adapters, an aluminum cable is fixed on one side, and a copper cable on the other. Current flows through a steel adapter from aluminum to copper cable.

It is advisable to use electrical fittings with special terminal blocks. If these are not found, then all places of twisting must be securely isolated and planted at different angles of the mounting boxes.

Polyethylene terminal blocks Brass sleeve with two screws inside Insert the wires and tighten the screws
Do not clamp aluminum. The aluminum core is fluid under constant pressure, and after a while, the contact can easily be lost or deteriorated. Self-clamping terminals

Types of electrical wiring in the bath

The wiring in the bath can be open and closed, the installation is closed in Berman boxes, for open ones ordinary external mounting boxes are used.

These boxes are available in various sizes, with lids, with additional fixing points in the walls. In Berman boxes, not only lighting wiring is done, but also switches and sockets are installed with hidden wiring.

Hidden wiring is mounted under the upholstery of walls and ceilings, the cables must be protected by metal casings. It can be pipes or metal corrugated flexible hoses. It is not recommended to use plastic - there is a high probability of damage by rodents. Cabling for bath lighting for hidden wiring should be started even before finishing walls and ceilings. Simultaneously with the sheathing, seats for lamps, sockets, switches and mounting boxes are cut out.

Open wiring is much easier to do, bath lighting is connected to cables laid along the walls. Cables must be protected with plastic tubes; you can additionally cover the wiring with decorative covers.

Very important. Before connecting the power, be sure to ring the leash to break, short circuit and grounding efficiency.

Options for placing lamps in the bath

If all the above tips are mandatory, then the specific locations of the fixtures are only advisory.

	One of the smallest rooms in the bath, in most cases one lamp is enough. Place it in such places so as not to accidentally damage it while taking water procedures. It is forbidden to mount lamps close to the stove or chimney. We strongly recommend that you protect the lamp with a decorative wooden fence - the possibility of burns to the limbs is excluded. It goes without saying that the degree of protection of the housing must correspond to the operating conditions. The switch must be mounted at the entrance to the steam room from the outside, it is convenient to place it immediately at the door.
	The lighting should be brighter, the lamp should be placed at such a distance that they are not exposed to jets of water from the shower.
	Placement is arbitrary, the main attention should be paid to the design of the room. As a rule, sockets are installed here for connecting various electric heating devices.
	There are no special security restrictions here. Wherever you like or where the designer suggests - install it there. Dimensions, types of light bulbs and their power depend only on the wishes of the owner of the bath.

What voltage to choose for lamps

State standards do not prohibit connecting lamps in all rooms of the bath to a voltage of 220 V, but you can find recommendations to install step-down transformers for 36 V or 12 V for them. The following can be said about this. If the wiring has high-quality RCDs (equipment protection devices), the grounding system meets the requirements of the PUE - safety is guaranteed. And if you also make an EMS (potential equalization system), then not one of the most stringent inspectors will be able to find violations.

Not convinced or are you afraid of high voltage? No problem, purchase and install any step-down transformer for lighting. Just keep in mind that 12V or 36V fixtures are hard to find commercially, and if they are, their design characteristics are very far from perfect.

Bath lighting fashion trends

To give the bath an individual exclusivity, decorative lighting is often used. For pairs, fiber optic devices are used. The lighting device itself is located outside the steam room, light is supplied to the room by optical fibers. The pleasure is very expensive, but the beauty is worth it. Such lighting can be installed anywhere, from the ceiling to the floor. LEDs do not take up much space, they can be used to create various shapes and ornaments.

Video - Lighting in the bath

Installation of LED strip

LED lighting can completely change the interior of the bath, create a festive unusual atmosphere. And this is important for a quality holiday. There is a large selection of different types of LED strips with different technical indicators, but it is sometimes quite difficult for an inexperienced consumer to understand them.

We are no longer talking about connecting, especially since you can only connect what is familiar. Before considering the installation of a tape about LEDs, we will learn in more detail its technical characteristics.

Brief characteristics of the LED strip

As you might guess, LED bulbs are used as lamps, the supply voltage is 12 V or 24 V. The standard length of the tape is 5 m, but some manufacturers do not comply with these indicators. LED strips can be single color (monochrome) or multicolor (polychrome). Polychromes are designated RGB and can glow green, yellow, blue, red, and white, or a combination of these.

The glow changes with the help of the controller, the voltage is lowered by the power supply. If you plan to install a monochrome LED strip, then the controller is not needed.

This is with regard to light and lighting effects, now consider protection issues - a very important topic for a bath. All LED strips are divided into three groups according to the degree of protection from moisture.

LED Strip Groups Description

	The simplest in the device are allowed for use only in rooms that exclude the risk of moisture getting on all elements.
	They can be used in rooms with high humidity levels, but are not protected from direct splashes. In the bath can be used in all rooms, except for the shower and steam room.
	Not afraid of splashing water from different angles, can be used in the shower and steam room. Although in the steam room all LEDs are recommended to be used very carefully. Why? If you open the user manual, you will see that if you need to solder the contacts, you need to use the lowest power soldering iron - the LEDs are afraid of overheating. From an increase in temperature, the nearby LED will burn out, and so, as they work three times in relation to one resistor, then the next two will fail after the first one. Another nuance for moisture-resistant LEDs is that they are “packed” in a silicone tube for sealing, and it absorbs quite a lot of light flux. This must be kept in mind when calculating room illumination.

The strength of the luminous flux depends on the number and individual characteristics of the LEDs, in 12 V tapes there are no more than 120 pieces per linear meter, in 24 V tapes their number can increase up to 240 pieces. How to use these indicators during the installation of LED strips in the bath, we will describe below. In order to make it easier to navigate the technical characteristics of the LED strip, read the table. These are universal designations, their knowledge allows you to select the best brands.

How is the luminous flux calculated?

To tape LED lights not only looked original, but also performed its immediate task (illuminated the room), you need to be able to calculate its parameters. We will not delve into complex physical formulas, we will only say the main thing. Most tapes have LEDs with a luminous flux of 5 lm, multiply their power by the number on one running meter and get the value of the flow force from a meter of tape. For example, there are 50 LEDs per linear meter, the total luminous flux is 50 × 5 = 250 lm. Next, look at the table and determine the desired length of the tape, depending on the required lighting of the room.

Data for specific types of LED lamps. Current consumption of various types of lamps

According to the table, 1 meter of our calculation tape gives as much light as a 20 W incandescent bulb. So, if you want to replace a 100 W incandescent lamp indoors, then you need to take 5 meters of LED tape, which has 50 bulbs per meter.

Technical indicators of LED lamps of various types are given in the table.

We think that now you can independently calculate the strength of the luminous flux in each room of the bath, taking into account its purpose. This is clear? We move on.

How to make an LED strip

If a standard five-meter tape is enough for you - no problem, the set is already equipped with an appropriate power supply, and if there is a need to increase power, then you need to calculate the tape for the amount of current consumed.

Important. For the power supply, not only the magnitude of the voltage matters, but also the magnitude of the current. If the LED strips require a large amount of current, then the power supply will quickly fail. Experienced electricians recommend that, in terms of current, the power supply has a margin of at least 25% of the maximum power of the tapes.

How to calculate this indicator? Conscientious manufacturers indicate the current strength parameter in the instructions, if not indicated, then you will have to do the calculations yourself. Count the number of LEDs on the tape, take from the table the current consumption of each of them, taking into account the type. In our example, there were 50 LED-CW-SMD5050 bulbs per meter, and 250 of them per five meters. One LED requires 0.02 A, all LEDs should use 250 × 0.02 = 5 A. But, as you can see from the tape diagram, the LEDs are connected in three pieces to one resistor, therefore, the current is reduced by a factor of three 5: 3 = 1 .7 A. We have a tape 10 m long - the maximum current is 17 A.

A compact power supply must be bought with an increase in power of at least 25%, which means in our example it is necessary that it withstand 17 + 3.75 = 20.75 A. Now we find out its power - multiply the voltage (12 V) by the current strength (20 .75A) and get a power of 249 watts.

So, you have calculated the luminous flux of the tape, taking into account this indicator, you have selected a power supply and a controller, now you can proceed with their installation. Please take a look at the suggested plans first.

We have already mentioned that the controller is used to change the color of the tape, glow modes and create various effects.

Steps for connecting an LED strip

Step 1. Considering our advice, perform all preliminary calculations, purchase components, including a controller with a remote control.

Step 2 Decide on the installation location of the power supply and controller. It is better to mount them in inconspicuous places. Keep in mind that all electrical appliances, and especially those with electronic circuits, have three main enemies: sudden voltage fluctuations, high humidity and temperature. Accordingly, do not try to install them in a steam room or shower room.

Step 3 Measure the amount of flexible cable from the power supply to the unit. It can be powered both from the central electrical panel and from the socket. Make the decision yourself, taking into account the layout of the premises and the presence of sockets in them.

Step 4 Fasten the power supply and the controller, to do this, remove the case cover and screw self-tapping screws or dowels into the mounting holes. Connect the 220 V cable to the power supply.

Step 5 Install the LED strip in the right place, secure it with standard Velcro or any fixtures.

Step 6 Using connectors (they are sold as a set or separately), connect the wires.

If the LED strip is polychrome, then a controller is attached to it. Observe the color of the wires. For the power supply, be sure to check the phase. Remember that the "neutral" wire is only blue, the color of the phase wires may vary depending on the cable brand and manufacturer.

Video - Connecting the controller to the LED strip. LED controller

At the output of the power supply, the phase is also important. True, if you mix up the wires, the tape will not burn, it simply will not work. Swap the wires at the output of the power supply and everything will work.

If you need to cut a piece from the tape, do it only according to the indicated marks using ordinary scissors. But we would not advise cutting it, try to make bends, turns, etc.

Step 7 Ring the connection tester, everything is fine - you can supply 220 V.

A few words should be said about Chinese products. They all have very short wires to save expensive copper. In addition, the quality of soldering is below any criticism. We strongly advise you to fix all weak points before installation, then it will be quite difficult to deal with these matters.

Let's start with short wires, they are so small that even an ordinary connection is very difficult. The wires will have to be pulled strongly, and at this time they will break out of the soldering or terminals. We strongly advise you to solder them immediately and replace them with longer ones. For soldering, use a low-power soldering iron, do not overheat the LEDs.

Instead, attach longer ones, this will expand the possibilities of mounting the tape, taking into account the specific features of the premises. On the second end of the soldered wires, you can put on special tips or just tin them.

That's all, turn on the LED strips, set your favorite color and rejoice. But you can rejoice for a long time only on one condition - all our recommendations were exactly followed.

Video - Connecting an LED strip

How to hang a light fixture

There are so many lighting shades that it is unrealistic to consider connecting each of them. We will only talk about general universal rules.

Step 1. Turn off mains power. If the shield is located far away, be sure to hang a warning sign on it. This is very important, the inclusion of power supplies by third parties has been repeatedly.

Step 2 Read the instructions for the lamp. If it is not there, disassemble the cover, find on the case the entry point for the power cables and the places for fixing the case. We hope that the switch is connected correctly and the phase is connected through it.

Step 3 Fix the lampshade on the wall or ceiling, before that, insert the wires into the mounting holes on the housing. Check the serviceability of the cartridge with a tester. Sometimes the fastening of the conclusions is done in bad faith, the contacts will heat up and burn out over time. Tighten all clamps, if the leads are riveted - touch them, they should not stagger.

Step 4 Strip the ends of the wires to a length of about 5 mm, if the cable is stranded - tin the ends or at least twist them tightly. Insert into terminal blocks and tighten.

Practical advice. The multi-core cable is not tightly clamped the first time, you need to repeat the operation several times on each clamp.

Step 5 Screw in the light bulb, check the wiring for a short circuit. Everything is normal - put the decorative cover in place and turn on the power.

Pay attention to the strength of the fastening of the ceiling to the bearing surface. If the ceiling is plastic, then be sure to observe the recommended maximum power of the incandescent bulb. For energy-saving lamps, completely closed shades cannot be used - they must be constantly cooled with fresh air.

Lamps for a bath: features of choice

On the modern market of electrical appliances there is a wide range of lamps for baths. We offer you to get acquainted with devices that can work in extremely difficult conditions, and the rules for their installation in different rooms.

• Luminaire types
• Manufacturers
• 
  The bath is considered a room with an increased risk of electric shock. To avoid trouble, luminaires must meet safety standards and function reliably in extreme conditions.

Appointment of lamps for a bath

Before buying a lamp for a bath, check the degree of protection of the electrical appliance, the value of which is printed on the body or base in the form of alphanumeric markings. For example, lamps for a steam room should have protection more than IP54. IP stands for international protection, the first digit is the level of protection against ingress of solid objects into the cavity of the device, the second is protection against leakage of liquids.

Lamps for washing in the bath

There are three sections in the washing room in which lamps of various protection classes are installed:

• Zone 1 is located directly near the water - shower, pool, faucet, where there is a big risk that splashes will fall on the lamp from all sides. In such places, install devices operating from 12 V, moisture protection class - at least 5 (IP 45, 46, 55, etc.).
• At a distance of 60 cm from the water, where splashes from the water can reach, there is a second safety zone. Use luminaires of at least protection class 4 here.
• Next comes the third security zone, in which products with the 1st protection class can be installed.

In the washing room, all appliances must be well protected from water, steam and condensate. Mount the lamp on the ceiling so that splashes of water do not reach it. Be sure to have a ceiling covering the contacts and the light bulb. It can be installed in washing lamps, similar to appliances in the bathroom of the apartment.

Lamps for the dressing room and rest room in the bath

The rest room is also considered a room with high humidity, so the protection class of the lamp in the rest room in the bath is at least 1. It is necessary to provide good light in the room, so install a chandelier on several cartridges, light bulbs, two switches.
In the hallway, install the same lamps as in ordinary rooms - sconces, ceiling lamps with 75-100 watt bulbs.

Lamps for the steam room in the bath

The body of the luminaire for the steam room must withstand temperatures of at least 100 degrees if installed on the walls, and 250 degrees if attached to the ceiling. Cartridges and shades of products must be made of ceramics, porcelain and heat-resistant plastic. The body of such a lamp is made sealed, with silicone or rubber seal so that water does not get inside. In addition, the lamps are produced with protective shades, so as not to get hurt on the fragments of an accidentally broken light bulb.
In the steam room, use light bulbs with a power of 60-75 watts. More powerful light bulbs strongly heat the ceiling. It is recommended to use bulbs with a voltage of 12 V. For such purposes, use a step-down transformer, which is installed outside the steam room.
In the steam room, the main thing is not to hang the lamp where it is impossible, so read the following principles for placing and installing lighting fixtures in this room:

1. It is forbidden to install appliances near the oven. Even if they are heat resistant, they are not designed for hot air from the stone.
2. Lamps for a steam room in a bath should create soft, muffled lighting. Too much light interferes with relaxation.
3. Install lamps in steam rooms on the walls at medium levels; it is not recommended to mount appliances on the ceiling due to the high temperature.
4. If you still decide to use a ceiling lamp for a bath, choose a place where it cannot be reached with your head.
5. Devices look good in the corners, where they do not interfere with anyone.
6. The lamp should be placed behind the back and not dazzle the eyes.

The most popular lighting fixtures for a steam room are wall lamps for a bath with matte fog-type shades.

Types of lamps for a bath

Not all lamps are suitable for installation in the bath, so their choice should be approached very responsibly:

• Halogen lamps. In the hottest areas of the steam room, install 20-35 watt halogen lamps with their own reflector. They are not afraid of high temperatures (withstand up to 400 degrees), the contacts are protected from moisture, the voltage used is not dangerous for humans. Halogen lamps with a colored ceiling look beautiful.
• LED lights. LED lamps do not like heat and are very bright, so place them in the steam room as low as possible. They are often mounted behind or under shelves, so they create an unusual illumination of the room. The advantages include a wide color scheme products and economy. Devices emit a large amount of lighting at low volumes. You can find a corner decorative screen and glue the LED lamp in the corner, at the junction of the ceiling and wall.
• Lighting fixtures with incandescent lamps. It is not recommended to screw light bulbs more powerful than 60 W into lamp sockets, they heat up the ceiling and body very much. In the steam room, install hermetic bath lamps with a frosted or translucent glass shade that allows diffused light to pass through. To dim the light, cover the ceiling with a wooden grate.
• Fiber optic luminaires. They allow you to colorfully decorate the room, but are expensive. Along with the fixtures, you need to purchase special nozzles, lenses, light filters. Light is emitted from the end of the light guide and side surfaces, creating visual effects - waves, flames, rainbows, etc. Heat-resistant fiber-optic lamps for a bath can withstand up to 300 degrees, retain their qualities for a long time, and are very reliable. They are considered the safest lighting fixtures, because fiber optics conduct light waves, not electricity. They can even be mounted on the bottom of the pool.
• Fluorescent lamps. Buyers are attracted to such products by the ability to adjust the brightness of the lighting using a dimmer. Lamps are not afraid of high temperature, but they do not tolerate cold well. In baths it is impossible to install devices with electromagnetic chokes.

It is forbidden to use portable lamps powered by the mains in the bath. It is dangerous to install fluorescent lamps here, which contain mercury. They do not withstand high temperatures well. If you break such a lamp, the room will immediately be filled with poisonous mercury vapor.

Manufacturers of lamps for baths

Finnish companies Tylo and Harvia specialize in the production of waterproof lamps for baths. If possible, buy their products for the steam room or sauna. They are expensive, but stand out for their high quality and reliability.
Linder lamps are budget products, they are not intended for steam rooms, they are recommended to be installed in other bath rooms instead of Tylo and Harvia.
All other companies produce products of approximately equal quality, therefore, if you cannot decide which lamp to choose for a bath, focus on the characteristics of the lamps, and not on the manufacturers.
How to choose a lamp in the bath - look at the video:

If you take into account all the recommendations for choosing lamps for a bath and the rules for their installation, you can create a stunning interior for a pleasant pastime in the room. Author: TutKnow.ru editors

Lamps for a bath in a steam room - an overview of options with suitable characteristics

Conducting lighting in the bath, special safety measures should be observed. In conditions of high humidity and temperature, not all cables and electrical equipment can stably perform their functions, which necessarily include switches, sockets and lamps for a steam room in a bath.

They must meet certain requirements.

Requirements for lamps and other equipment

A task proper lighting of all bath rooms should be decided at the stage of their design. First of all, it is necessary to correctly place the switches and sockets, which cannot be in the steam or washing compartments.

They are taken out to a dressing room or other relatively dry room and installed no lower than 80 cm from the floor. At the same time, the instruction allows only the use of equipment with a protection class of at least IP-44.

The safety requirements for the fixtures themselves are even higher (not lower than IP-54), as they will work in difficult conditions.

What other characteristics should they have?

• Thermal stability. All materials used in the manufacture of lamps for saunas and steam baths must withstand high temperatures (up to 120 degrees);
• Housing tightness. This applies primarily to devices with conventional incandescent lamps.
• The strength of the ceiling - it must withstand not only accidental mechanical stress, but also sudden changes in temperature (for example, when cold water splashes on its heated surface).

Attention!
With special care, you should select lamps for baths with a combined steam room and washing.

• Low brightness. Bright light in the steam room is not only unnecessary, but can also annoy people who want to relax. Therefore, lamps should be selected with soft diffused light or a matte shade.

Advice. To reduce the brightness, protect the lamp from impacts and maintain the natural interior design of the steam room, you can use overhead wooden lampshades attached to the walls or ceiling of the bath.

Types of lamps for a steam room

The requirements listed above are met by several types of lighting fixtures with classic incandescent lamps, LEDs and fiber optics.

traditional lamps

Despite the appearance of many modern analogues, not everyone refuses the usual, simple, concise and quite reliable lamps with incandescent lamps, consisting of a sealed housing and a shade made of heat-resistant glass. Consumers are attracted by their functionality and low price.

When choosing such a luminaire, make sure that there are no parts in its design that are subject to corrosion from exposure to moisture, the ceiling is attached through a special waterproof gasket, and the protection class is not lower than the established standard.

For reference. The best are the products of Tylo and Harvia.
They are distinguished by reliable quality and interesting design.

LEDs

LEDs in last years are firmly established in our everyday life. The scope of their application is incredibly wide - these are residential and public buildings, and street lighting, and greenhouse lighting.

Their main advantage is the ability to use at any temperature and humidity. Exists LED lights, which are mounted even in the walls or bottom of the pools.

Other advantages include cost-effectiveness and durability, as well as the ability to create various spatial and color combinations, embed small lamps and LED strips in special niches or furniture.

The disadvantages include high cost and excessively bright and harsh emitted light. Therefore, for a steam room, they usually use either small lamps scattered throughout the room, or LED strips for illumination.

Fiber optic luminaires

Surely many people had or have a lamp in the form of a "panicle" of fiberglass threads, fixed in a projector in which a plate with multi-colored glasses rotates. Such a “panicle”, which is a bundle of many fibers, can be used in a hot steam room, since fiberglass can easily withstand temperatures up to 200 degrees.

If desired, such lighting can be mounted with your own hands by installing the projector itself with a light source outside of a hot and humid room. Light wires are not afraid of any extreme conditions, so they are absolutely safe, and at the same time durable, easy to install, create even and soft lighting.

An additional plus of such lighting is the ability to create spectacular design walls or ceiling. You can see one example in the picture above - a luminous panel on the wall. Another popular option is the "starry sky" on the ceiling of color-changing or twinkling "stars" different size depending on the beam thickness.

Advice. To save energy and their own convenience, we can recommend the owners of baths to equip the steam room and washing departments with motion sensors.

Conclusion

It is absolutely not necessary to choose one type of lamps - they can be used in any combination to support the interior solution and create a cozy relaxing atmosphere.

The bath, even in modern conditions, is in great demand, because it is there that a person can truly relax, improve his health and relax. Considering such a large number of its positive qualities, many people with different financial wealth, status, physical condition dream of having a real bath complex at home. Naturally, its size, design and cost depend directly solely on the owner. If a person has a well-developed imagination, he will be able to ennoble his bathhouse on his own. In this article we will talk about how to make a lamp in the bath with your own hands.

Features of independent creation of bath lamps

Before getting down to work, it is necessary to consider the main points that are directly related to the creation of such useful gadgets. Now we will talk about the main directions in which this topic is developing. What are the most common questions that home craftsmen have?

According to the experience of specialists, they are divided into three blocks:

1. Connecting lamps with your own hands. Here, of course, certain knowledge in the field of electrics will not be superfluous. There are some rules for working with electricity in conditions of high humidity and temperature, which must be understood and followed.
2. The choice of the safest lighting fixtures for the bath. Make sure that they are not afraid of high temperature, humidity. If do not right choice, this can lead to serious problems.
3. Production of decorative screens, original lampshades, decorations for decoration of individual rooms. It must be remembered that the lamps are installed not only in the dressing room, but also in the steam room.

What should be the lighting system in the bath?

Even at the stage of developing a technical project for a bath, a special diagram should be drawn up, which will clearly indicate the location of sockets, switches and lamps. Naturally, we will touch on the last point regarding specifically lighting devices. It is very important to determine where and how to place them, what to pay maximum attention to when drawing up a diagram. When deciding to make a lamp for a bath with your own hands, you need to dwell in more detail on the rules for lighting in a steam room.

Here are the main requirements that such devices must meet:

• Lighting should be soft, not directional, because no one will be pleased if the light hits the eyes.
• Excessively bright light does not allow you to relax normally, because the steam room is not a place for manicure, shaving or applying makeup.
• Lamps should be positioned so that they are not strongly affected by high temperatures. It is better to place them on the middle or lower levels, because it is too hot under the ceiling.
• Each lamp must be protected by a grate or a screen so that, in case of accidental damage, the fragments do not fall on people relaxing in the steam room. In addition, in a saturated steam room, there is a high probability of electric shock.
• In addition to the main lighting, specific places should also be highlighted - a doorway, a font, shelves, a place for locating water containers.

If you meet all these requirements, then your home steam room will become the most comfortable place where people will not bump into each other, be afraid of getting hurt.

Moisture-proof lighting fixtures for the steam room

If you are going to make a lamp in the bath with your own hands from wood, first of all, sort out some little things that will undoubtedly help you make the right choice and create exactly what you need.

This information may include the following:

• The level of protection of an electrical appliance from moisture and solid particles, which, as a rule, are indicated on the case or packaging of devices. It is the combination of several letters that indicates what degree of security the lamps have.
• Thermal stability of the materials from which the body is made. Here, the temperature of the steam room is necessarily taken into account, which can range from 60 to 120 degrees. Focus on the highest score.

Important! The body of the lighting device must be sealed, equipped with a rubber or silicone seal that does not allow moisture to penetrate inside. It is recommended to choose LED or fluorescent lamps for lamps, since they do not heat up much when burning compared to ordinary incandescent lamps.

Homemade lamps for the steam room

Of course, it's better not to complicate your work and not make a device from scratch, so let's focus on the manufacture of decorative grilles, unique lampshades and screens. Everyone decides for himself whether it will be fluorescent, fiber optic or LED devices. main role plays precisely the cost of the limiter.

Wood lamp with decorative grille

Many baths, built with their own hands, are distinguished by an incredibly beautiful and unique interior, finished in more wood. Of course, rooms sheathed with clapboard, with floor pallets and shelves made of poplar or linden, it is more appropriate to equip with wooden lamps.

Important! The wooden decorative grille will perfectly fit into the finishing of the steam room and protect the device from accidental damage, the light will be able to diffuse gently, while creating a relaxing atmosphere of comfort.

Decorative grille includes the following elements:

• Upper and lower bases.
• Rails attached to the body.

Create a luminaire according to the scheme:

• Frame. This part may differ in shape, it all depends on where you want to place the device. If this is a wall lamp, then give it a semicircular or rectangular shape. If it is located in a corner, then its shape should be close to trapezoidal or triangular.
• Reiki. Calculate the length of the rails for each grate - it all depends on the dimensions of the device behind it. If you want to get a strict lattice, then take wide rectangular planks and connect them in parallel rows or cross them with the letter X.

Important! Curly slats are suitable for lovers of everything elegant. Round off all sharp edges, carefully sand the surface to give the grate an elegant look.

• Attach the planks to the frame with self-tapping screws from the inside so that they are hidden from the outside. The fact is that too high a temperature instantly heats up metal parts, and if you accidentally touch them, you can get a severe burn.

By analogy, create several gratings, and your do-it-yourself wooden bath lamps are ready.

Diffusing screen to protect the luminaire

The grid is considered the most simple option finishing of lighting devices, but, fortunately, not the only one. Another great option is a special diffusing screen.

To make it yourself, prepare the following materials:

• Bark "birch bark" or tree.
• Thin but strong fabric.
• clay.
• Plastic.
• paper.
• Glass.

When creating a lamp in a steam room with your own hands, it is better to choose a tree for making a screen, because compliance with such requirements plays an incredibly important role here:

• Sufficient hardness. The screen should not only decorate, but also protect the lamp from accidental impacts.
• Low heat capacity. This element should not get very hot, otherwise it will be difficult to avoid burns.
• Ease of processing. You yourself can give the screen the desired shape.

You will need to follow these steps to create the screen.

A lampshade for a bath is an important element of decoration, which, along with practical, has a great aesthetic value. It protects the cartridge and the lamp from moisture and mechanical stress, and also serves as an interior decoration.

Peculiarities

Lampshades for baths and saunas, due to operation in extreme conditions, must meet the following requirements:

• Strength. The lampshade or ceiling must be strong enough not to burst from overheating and not injure people;
• Environmental Safety. Under the influence of high temperatures, there is a risk of release into environment harmful fumes from plastic and plastics, so the lampshade must be made of natural or harmless artificial materials;
• Fire safety. The material from which the product is made must be non-combustible or treated with a special composition;
• Moisture resistance and durability. The use of fabric and paper options is not allowed.

Varieties

Due to the special requirements for products for baths, there are not so many materials from which a lampshade for a bath can be made. The following types of lampshades are most suitable for work in conditions of high humidity and high temperatures:

• glass. They are made of thick frosted glass in the form of hermetic plafonds of wall mounting type. In such models, the use of incandescent lamps is allowed. Products can be different in shape and color of the ceiling lens. The lampshade of the lamp, made in the form of a kerosene lamp, looks very original. It is transparent and repeats the shape of the protective glass of a kerosene stove, and in combination with metal parts, a product with such a lampshade looks very impressive;
• Heat resistant plastics, stainless steel and aluminum can also be used in the manufacture of lampshades for some rooms of baths and saunas. The main requirement for them is the ability to withstand temperatures up to 100 degrees;
• Wood. Environmentally friendly natural material that fits perfectly into the interior of the bath and is its decoration;
• Himalayan salt. Products using Himalayan salt not only create a pleasant soft light, but also release beneficial substances into the environment that have healing properties and a calming effect. When heated, the salt ionizes the room and creates the effect of a salt cave, the healing microclimate of which is useful for bronchopulmonary pathologies, diseases of the central nervous system and problems with the skin. With a translucent structure and an unusual textured pattern, Himalayan salt lampshades create a soft, shimmering light flux and are able to create a unique atmosphere.

• Wood. Environmentally friendly natural material that fits perfectly into the interior of the bath and is its decoration.

Salt slabs can be built into the wall over a light source and serve as a diffusing screen, or they can be made in the form of lampshades and semi-plafonds.

For the manufacture of lampshades and gratings in industrial design, cedar, linden and abash are used, able to withstand extreme conditions and do not lose their original appearance for a long time:

• Linden- the most inexpensive material that exudes a pleasant aroma when heated and does not swell under the influence of high humidity.
• Cedar and abash– more expensive materials, with a beautiful structure of wood fibers and resistance to heat. It is impossible to burn your hands on products made from such tree species, they retain their aesthetic appearance for a long time, are moisture resistant and durable. Models made of such materials can be used both in the washing room and in the steam room.
• Looks nice and rich lampshades made from several different breeds tree. Due to the different structure of fibers and shade, products with such a screen or grate look very dignified.
• In the manufacture of lampshades with their own hands are used vine, birch bark and bast. These materials lend themselves perfectly to cutting and grinding, are not afraid of moisture, and are inexpensive.
• conifers, such as pine and spruce, is not recommended for the production of lamps in the bath due to the increased separation of the resin under the influence of high temperatures and the possibility of getting burned on the surface of the product.

Wooden lampshades can be made in the form of a diffusing screen and a decorative lattice. The screen is a flat or slightly curved thin sheet with one or more diffuse holes on it, through which light enters the room. According to the type of fastening and design, the screens are divided into corner and wall. For small spaces, it is better to choose the corner option. He takes less space and reliably protects the lamp from accidental contact and damage.

Wall models require careful selection of lamps, due to the possibility of splashing and the likelihood of mechanical impact.

Lampshades in the form of a decorative lattice are in perfect harmony with all elements of the bath decor, made of wood of various species. The grating can be made of flat rectangular slats, long cylindrical parts or rods, which can be either fastened together or have an individual fastening, installed in the grooves.

Perfectly combined with wooden tubs, buckets and scoops, they bring the finishing touch to the design of the room.

When using a lampshade in the form of a wooden lattice, you need to take into account the properties of wood and choose breeds that are not prone to swelling. And the location of the lamp in reverse side and pointing it at the reflective convex stainless steel plate will help avoid striped shadows from the grille. The place of its location depends on the shape of the wooden decorative gratings. If a lamp with such a lampshade hangs in a corner, then a trapezoidal or triangular shape will do. Wall models can be square or rectangular, and a semicircular grille that covers the lamp almost entirely will allow you to achieve diffusing light.

DIY manufacturing

The simplest option that you can do yourself is an angular diffuser screen, which can be made in the following way:

• take a thin wooden sheet and mark on it the height and width of the future screen;
• in the center of the resulting rectangle or square, draw a hole of any shape. It can be geometric figures, maple leaf outlines or any other shapes;
• carefully saw out a scattering hole according to the drawing and carefully grind the workpiece;
• cut the screen along the contour outlined in advance and process the edges with sanding paper;
• using self-tapping screws, connect three bars in the shape of a triangle, where the hypotenuse will correspond to the width of the prepared part with a figured hole for dispersion and attach the lower part of the workpiece to the hypotenuse;
• make another triangle of exactly the same dimensions to fix the screen from above;
• finished structure install in a corner with fasteners.

The lampshade lattice can also be made independently:

• execute on thick paper C-shaped drawing of a part that will serve as a frame;
• attach a pattern to a wooden blank, outline and drink two identical parts, then sand them with sandpaper;
• step back from the edge one centimeter and draw a line that exactly repeats the shape of the workpiece. From the resulting line, indent another 1 cm and also draw. The result is two parallel lines. Line the second part in the same way;
• cut along the drawn lines a groove on both blanks with a depth of 5 mm;
• make wood slats 1 centimeter wide and height corresponding to the height of the future lampshade and grind them;
• lay the lower part on a flat surface and insert the slats into the groove by tapping with a hammer. The distance between the rails is pre-marked on the workpiece with a pencil and a ruler;
• after all the rails are securely fixed in the lower part of the frame, carefully place the second blank on top and guide each rail into the groove of the upper blank, carefully finish assembling the structure with a hammer;
• using self-tapping screws and fasteners, fix the lampshade to the wall.

Properly selected and installed bath lamps are not just a source of illumination. This is an important element of comfortable rest and pleasant pastime. At the same time, one should not forget that the bath has high humidity and temperature. Therefore, when choosing a lamp for a steam room, a washroom, etc., you should also think about safety.

For a bath, it is necessary to choose lamps that can withstand high temperature and humidity.

Safety regulations

Lamps for saunas and baths will illuminate the room where the temperature is understood to be up to 100-120°C. Therefore, they must have sufficient heat resistance.

High humidity is another source of potential danger when lighting fixtures are running. Therefore, a lamp for a steam room in a bath or washroom must be waterproof. Additional protection will be provided by sealed shades that are resistant to moisture and high temperatures.

It is necessary to choose sealed shades for the bath

It is better to install light sources under the ceiling or in the corners of the room. In this case, it will be possible to avoid accidental contacts and / or mechanical damage to lighting fixtures through negligence. When choosing plafonds, the main condition is tightness. To give additional aesthetic properties a simple lamp, you can use openwork wooden lining in the form of lattices or carved screens.

Lighting is best installed in the corners of the room under the ceiling
For the refraction of lighting in the bath and as lampshades, wooden gratings are often used.

How to choose lamps and lamps for a bath

Modern industry produces a wide range of luminaires for rooms with high humidity- baths, saunas, bathrooms. In these devices, you can use lamps such as:

• incandescent lamps;
• LED;
• fiber optic.

When choosing a particular lamp, you need to pay attention not only to its design, but also to the degree of protection. The required safety class is IP 56. Such luminaires are resistant to moisture.

The free space between the cover and the body is additionally protected by a special seal. Its integrity must be checked at the time of selection.

Nuance! A properly selected lighting device will allow the use of conventional incandescent lamps in the steam room and / or washing room. Permissible power - not higher than 60 watts.

For a bath, you need to choose low-power incandescent lamps, up to 60 W

Incandescent lamps get very hot when burned. The temperature in the bath room is usually high. A small lamp power will protect against fire. After all, the walls in the bath are most often sheathed wooden planks, clapboard, etc.

Bath LED lamps

Many owners are interested in whether it is possible to put LED lamps in the bath. To resolve all doubts, you need to become more familiar with the main technical characteristics of such light sources.

The advantage of the LED strip is that it is not afraid of moisture.

LED lamps for a bath have such remarkable properties as:

• moisture resistance;
• Fire safety;
• adjustment of the direction and / or intensity of the light flux;
• acceptable price.

With the help of LED strips, you can achieve an interesting lighting design in the bath

The safety class of individual luminaires is up to IP65 and above. You can achieve very interesting effects by installing LED lamps in the bath. Is it possible to illuminate the steam room or washing room like this? Of course you can, and even need to. LED lamps for a bath - one of the most good options. They are not afraid even of a direct hit of water jets. The main disadvantage that LED lamps for baths and steam rooms have is their rapid deterioration under the influence of high temperatures.

It should be remembered that the remote control with which the LED lighting is regulated must be protected from moisture and pollution. To do this, you need to place it in a special case made of polyethylene film. Focusing on all of the above, each owner will be able to determine for himself whether it is possible to use LED lamps in the bath.

fiber optic lamps

A wonderful option - fiber optic lamps for the bath. With their help, lighting is obtained due to the light wave, and not electricity. Therefore, such systems are absolutely not afraid of water.

Fiber optic lamps for a steam room in a bath can be installed without fear. The material from which they are made is able to withstand temperatures up to 180-200°C.

With the help of fiber optic lamps, you can create an atmosphere of calm, coziness and peace of mind in the bath. This contributes to the self-relaxation of the human body. The beneficial effects of bath procedures increase several times.

How to correctly position the light sources in the steam room

Before installing fixtures with one or another type of lighting lamps, you must carefully study the instructions and all the manufacturer's instructions. It is very important to choose the right place for the light source.

In the steam room, where the temperature and humidity levels are especially high, only heat-resistant lighting fixtures can be installed. In this case, the lamps should be located away from the stove. This is a prerequisite.

Lighting in the steam room is best placed away from the stove

The optimal location of the light source in the steam room is in the corner of the room and / or under the ceiling. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the room and the size of the ceiling. The ceiling lamp should be located above human height. The corner cover is installed in such a way as to exclude the possibility of accidental contacts.

You can attach an LED strip along the wall under the ceiling. Under it, you definitely need a base made of non-combustible heat-resistant material.

LED strip can be placed under the shelves, but so that they do not interfere with visitors

The base for the LED strip and / or any other lighting device located in the Russian bath must be made from a material such as:

• stainless steel;
• aluminum;
• heat-resistant plastic;
• ceramics (only for dry rooms).

To illuminate the steam room, it is better to use warm shades of lighting.

Important! For a lamp in a sauna, where the level of humidity is much lower, it is possible to make a base from ceramic materials.

Proper lighting for a car wash

In a small washroom, 1 lamp will be enough. The plafond must be sealed to prevent water splashes from entering the lamp and / or socket.

Wiring for lighting fixtures in the bath must be insulated especially carefully. This will prevent accidental contact between moisture and electricity.

Lighting in the washroom should also be waterproof.

A large washroom requires the installation of several fixtures. Therefore, when choosing their location, you need to take into account the location of the bath, sink, bidet, shower. It is better to do preliminary zoning of the room.

As a rule, 3 zones are conditionally distinguished in the washing room:

• in close proximity to a source of moisture;
• at a distance of 0.6 m;
• in a relatively dry area.

Close to the water source high level moisture. Therefore, in this zone, you can install lamps and lamps for a bath of 12 volts of power. IP indicator for protection against moisture - not less than 45 units.

The area remote from moisture is considered to be located approximately 60 cm from a direct source of moisture. Here you can use fixtures and lamps with an average level of protection.

LED lightening can be used even in the pool

In a dry area away from faucets, shower heads, pools, etc., you can use lighting fixtures and lamps with the most low level protection.

Lighting of the rest room and other premises

There is no constant high humidity in the rest room. Therefore, lighting devices with a minimum level of protection can be used here.

Dressing room, billiard room, dressing room and other additional rooms can be illuminated as living rooms. However, ceiling lamps are still better to use sealed, made of durable material.

Install energy-saving lamps in the bath only in rooms with a low level of heat. Such light sources are able to withstand temperatures not exceeding 60 ° C. Therefore, in a steam room that warms up to 100 ° C and above, it is dangerous to use such lamps. You can use energy-saving lamps in other areas of the bath - washing room, dressing room, rest room, etc.

Energy-saving lamps can only be used in the locker room and vestibule

infrared lamps

Recently, infrared lamps for baths or saunas have become increasingly popular. The average power of such light sources is from 250 to 300 watts.

The frequency of infrared radiation is about 1400-3000 nm. For technical connections when installing such devices, a silicone wire is used.

Infrared radiation

A special remote control allows you to vary the intensity of the radiation. This allows you to set the required temperature and creates all the conditions for comfortable rest and recovery.

Mounted infrared equipment - heaters, lamps, etc. without much difficulty. The main thing is to follow the manufacturer's recommendations exactly. The number of emitters is selected in accordance with the dimensions of the room.

salt lamps

A wonderful option offered by modern industry is salt lamps for a bath. It's not just lighting fixtures. With their help, you can thoroughly improve your health and get much more pleasure from hygiene procedures and bathing.

A variety of salt lamps can be used in the bath

Modern salt lamps for a bath help to achieve such wonderful effects as:

• elimination of harmful microorganisms;
• destruction of allergens;
• effective ionization of indoor air;
• saturation of the body with healing vapors.

Salt panels on the walls in the bath heal the body

Salt lighting fixtures are industrially made from hand-mined Himalayan salt. The main elements of a salt lamp are:

• stand;
• network cord;
• electric lamp;
• cartridge;
• plafond.

Special mention should be made of ceiling lamps for salt lighting fixtures. They are made from Himalayan salt crystals. These lampshades come in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors. Therefore, it is easy to choose them for any original interior.

Salt lighting in the ceiling can be placed in the corner

High-quality salt lamps are durable, practical, silent. The main care for such a device is keeping it clean and periodically changing the light bulb.

Note! Useful properties of the Himalayan salt from which plafonds are made remain for many years. The intensity of salt radiation remains at the original level.

Salt lamps create a favorable internal atmosphere in various rooms of the bath. It helps to get rid of stress and fatigue, calm the nervous system and saturate the body with vital elements.

How to make a screen for a lamp

To obtain diffused light and the desired aesthetic effect, the moisture-resistant ceiling used in the steam room and / or in the wash room is decorated with a special screen.

For fixtures in the steam room, gratings and screens are usually installed.

It is not difficult to make a decorative screen from wood. For work you will need:

• a piece of timber or board - for the base;
• wooden slats;
• hacksaw;
• hammer;
• electric drill;
• fixing material;
• sandpaper;
• ruler and / or tape measure;
• antiseptic.

First you need to make a base from a board or timber. For example, cut out 2 parts of the same shape. They need to attach "ears" to hang them on the wall later.

Basis for wall lamp can be made in the form of a semicircle, square or rectangle. For a corner sconce, it is better to take a triangle or a trapezoid as a basis.

The size of the decorative screen is calculated according to the dimensions of the lighting device, which must be freely placed inside.

Everybody wooden elements before assembly, it must be carefully processed with sandpaper. Grind edges and sharp edges. Fasteners during assembly, it is desirable to hide inside. This will protect against accidental contacts and give finished product stylish look.

On top of the base, wooden slats are attached to screws, self-tapping screws and / or small nails. They can be placed at an angle, vertically, etc. If you show imagination, you get a stylish sconce that will decorate the interior of the bath room.

Between the rails you need to leave small gaps for the free passage of light. Instead of rails, you can use a piece of plywood. On it, you can cut out a drawing from simple components according to preliminary marking.

Screens can be varied design, for example, with carved screens

All wooden materials for the manufacture of the screen must be pre-treated with an antiseptic and moisture-proof compounds. Fasteners are used only from stainless materials.

It is better to make a removable screen. This will allow you to periodically remove it for thorough drying and minor repairs. For example, to replace accidentally damaged elements. A removable screen will facilitate the care of the lamp and the replacement of lamps that have become unusable.

Glue or paint coatings must not be used. Under the influence of temperature and moisture, they will emit harmful fumes and unpleasant odors.

The question of which lamps to use in the bath, each owner decides on his own. The main thing is to make the right choice. When installing and using various lighting devices, the attached instructions and safety rules should be strictly observed.

The shade for the lamp in the steam room is necessary in order to fit into the interior decoration of the bath and to protect the lamp from accidental impacts. It will also help the light to diffuse gently, creating a relaxing atmosphere of comfort in the steam room.

Without special carpentry skills, you can make yourself a lampshade for a lamp in the steam room on your own. The main thing is to choose the right desired material wood preferably linden, aspen, cedar or larch. And determine the size of the lampshade by making a cardboard template.

TOOL:
1. Drawing accessories;
2. Board (preferably linden, aspen, cedar or larch);
3. Electric jigsaw;
4. Drills (1mm, 12mm);
5. Electric drill;
6. Woodworking machine with circular saw;
7. Grinding machine;
8. Sandpaper;
9. Screws, screwdriver, small nails;
10. Clamp.

First step:
First, I prepared two boards, and then drew on one board the shape of the frame by eye, about 270 mm long.

Second step:
They drank the first blank along the contour, marked it out along this blank and drank the second blank.

Third step:
Marked on one workpiece places for drilling holes.

Fourth step:
I put the workpieces on top of each other and clamped them with clamps to the workbench, and drilled through holes with a diameter of 12 mm.

Fifth step:
The blanks were polished on a grinding machine and finished with sandpaper.

Sixth step:
On a woodworking machine, with a circular saw, I cut square blanks 15 * 15mm 350 mm long.

Seventh step:
On grinding machine on the one hand, he made a rounding on the blanks for insertion into the drill chuck, and on the other hand he made a chamfer.

Eighth step:
A special, home-made device for making round sticks with a diameter of 12.5 mm, clamped it in a vise.

Ninth step:
He took the prepared sticks and with the help of a drill passed them through the device.

Tenth step:
Then I sanded the round sticks with sandpaper.

Eleventh step:
Sawed sticks 300 mm long.

Twelfth step:
Assembly of finished blanks:
I threaded the sticks, pre-lubricating the tips with PVA glue into the holes.

Then, fixing them with small nails, pre-drilling holes with a diameter of 1 mm under them, so that a crack does not occur in the product. And I twisted the screws as shown in the photographs.

Thirteenth step:
I made four holders for attaching the lampshade to the wall.

Fourteenth step:
The finished lampshade was covered with a special varnish for saunas.