How to get rid of black spots on the leaves of Kalanchoe. Why do leaves fall on the Kalanchoe? "We save houseplants from diseases"

Aphids, mealybugs, scale insects are the main pests of Kalanchoe. Insects feed on succulent leaves by piercing with a tentacle and drawing out cell sap like a hypodermic needle. Consider why the plant may not bloom and not give foliage, but turn yellow and darken.

Late blight rot

Poor soil permeability associated with waterlogging, leads to decay of the roots. The problem is aggravated by soil pathogens such as late blight.

Late blight is dangerous for many plants, manifesting itself everywhere the same

Symptoms of late blight-fungal infection:

slowdown in growth;
soft stem near the base;
brown spots in the branching area;

Mature leaves wither (if most of the plant has withered, then most likely the rot has completely affected the roots and it is extremely difficult to preserve it).

as the disease progresses, a moldy smell appears.

What to do: prevents the development of late blight rot Kalanchoe transplant into a permeable sterile environment... It is a soil containing peat moss and perlite. ( 60:40 or 50:50).

If an old pot is used, it is disinfected in a 10% solution of bleach (1 part of bleach - 9 parts of water). Phytophthora does not survive in dry tissue, but forms dormant spores, which do without a host plant for a long time.

When soil moisture and temperature conditions are favorable, its development is enhanced and can reach invasive levels.

Should not be left in the tray standing water which flows out through drain holes... The roots are able to reabsorb it. Treating the soil with a fungicide (thiophanate methyl) helps control the fungus.

Thiophanate Methyl can help with fungal contamination of soil

However, chemicals are only effective if the root damage is not too extensive.

For prevention, biostimulating products are used. The addition of salicylic acid induces an upregulation of genes important for the production of jasmonic acid.

Thanks to this method, the flower less susceptible to infection late blight. Significant suppression of symptoms is observed with salicylic acid and silicon or chitosan treatment.

We have already described the negative impact of the disease on specific varieties of Kalanchoe. For instance, .

Gray rot

The causative agent of gray rot- pathogenic (necrotrophic) fungus Botrytis gray. The main factors for its appearance are high level humidity and cold ambient temperature.

Symptoms:

moist whitish spots form on the leaves;
over time, the spots change in color: grayish growth, which contains spores (reproductive cells) of the fungus;
the fabric becomes soft.

As soon as the disease is detected, it is urgently needed change conditions of detention Kalanchoe. Remove infected areas. Cleanse the plant with systemic fungicides. Take care of good lighting. You may need to change the soil.

When pruning and transplanting, handle with extreme care: germinating spores rarely touch green, healthy tissue, but they can penetrate through wounds.

Fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants, including Kalanchoe. It is easily recognizable because the symptoms are quite peculiar:

small chlorotic spots on the leaves;
as it grows, the fungal mycelium covers more and more parts of the plant, manifesting itself in the form of a dusty white or grayish-silver cobweb;
black or brown spots(fruiting body of the fungus) on the mycelial surface;
growth slows down due to impaired photosynthesis, the buds do not ripen;
twisting and shedding of the cover (an atypical brownish symptom resembling a scab may occur).

Powdery mildew is a fungus that attacks any plants: indoor and outdoor

Conditions conducive to the development of the disease:

They are treated with fungicides (benomyl, phenarimol), based on sulfur, neem oil, potassium bicarbonate. The selected agent is applied both to the stem and to the axils of the leaves.

An alternative to fungicides is a composition of baking soda dissolved in water (1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water), which is thoroughly sprayed with the plant.

A remedy that has proven its effectiveness and is even comparable to some fungicides - milk diluted in water(1 part milk to 10 parts water). It is good to use it at the first sign of infection or as a preventive measure.

The mechanism of action is ferroglobulin. This whey protein, when exposed to sunlight, produces oxygen radicals, upon contact with which the fungus will die.

Pests: what to do

Aphids: How to Stop Blooming and Dropping Flowers

At the initial stage of infection, any signs of aphids are difficult to detect. The insects are so tiny and located on the back of the leaf that go unnoticed.

The danger of aphids is that they quickly move to neighboring plants.

The colony is found during reproduction. It has been noticed that aphids quickly multiply on full-fledged Kalanchoe flowers.

The pest drinks the cell juice and constantly contaminates it with poisonous injections.

Symptoms:

the plant is contaminated and deformed;
leaves turn yellow;
buds do not bloom, real flowers sheds;
the affected parts and the stem are covered with sticky matter.

The scary thing is that aphids carry more than 100 types of viruses. The insect needs to consume a lot of juice because the sugar concentration is too high in relation to the amino acid concentration.

The pest deposits sugar in the form of a sticky secretion on the leaves and stems of plants, attracting ants and serving as a nutrient solution for fungi. This "nectar" clogs the respiratory pores (stomata), interfering with the ability of the plant produce your own nutrients.

Aphids can enter a house with recently brought flowers and even bouquets. This is why new flowers need to be placed in a quarantine area, in other words, in another room.

To get rid of aphids, Kalanchoe is treated with an appropriate insecticide. The treatment is repeated once a week for a month.

Recommended green soap solution(20 g of soap per 1 liter), with which the plant is washed, after covering the soil with polyethylene. Alternatively, use a solution with laundry soap: It is also harmful to aphids, but to a lesser extent.

But the first thing to do:

Aphids are attracted to petroleum jelly, which can be rubbed into the base and thus control the population.

Shield

Tiny bugs that resemble brown or orange discs or blobs can be found on the underside of the leaves near the veins, on the stem, at the joint between the leaf and the stem.

Kalanchoe, affected by the scale insect, weakens, the cover turns yellow and falls off. Scabbard can multiply all year round, and produce large amounts of sugar secretion by feeding on the sap of the plant.

The shield has only one plus - it is easy to spot.

This "nectar" attracts sooty mold growing on sheets. In general, the process is not so fast, it often takes many weeks before you notice that the plant has become a target for a pest.

How to save: effective for combating products containing the following chemical ingredients:

pyrethrum;
natural fatty acids;
rapeseed oil.

For prevention Check regularly for signs of scab infestation. The soil should be free of weeds, which often contain harmful organisms. Ants running up and down and "milking" the sticky secret is an important signal.

Mealybug

Tiny, oval shaped, with a powdery wax coating mealybugs they look like cotton spots, which are often mistaken for mold. They move slowly, but when they find a suitable place for themselves, they become motionless and form clusters.

Most often found on new shoots, along the veins and articulation with the stem. They suck out the juice, which leads to stunted growth, deformation, yellowing and leaf fall.

Attaching to the plant, they release a sticky substance that is used for protection, while absorb vegetable juice.

The mealybug is as easy to spot as the scale insect.

The damage caused by mealybugs is not immediately apparent, but over time it is devastating. As with any pests of indoor plants, treatment must be started immediately as soon as a problem is detected.

Not recommended use synthetic pesticides since mealybugs are resistant to most chemical substances... In addition, it develops resistance to pesticides that are used on a regular basis.

It is best to use safe methods:

With a cotton swab well soaked in alcohol, age insects from a flower.
Spray on the leaves of the infected flower organic insecticidal soap or a solution of soapy water (at the rate of 1 teaspoon of baby liquid soap for 1 liter of water).
If the plant is young, then it is easier to wash it under running water or in a shower with soapy water.

Ants can be the cause of the problem! They transfer insects to a houseplant to feed on the remains of the paniflora that the mealybug produces.

In this case, you will also need a product to get rid of ants. This is very important because the ants take care of these pests and move their waste from one plant to another.

Diagnosing Symptoms: Questions and Answers

Does not bloom, only gives foliage

The reason is that Kalanchoe does not bloom, despite the fact that the leaves are juicy and healthy, maybe in excess of fertilizers... Kalanchoe is a short-day plant and blooms depending on how long it is in the dark.

If it is exposed to sunlight every day for more than 12 hours, it may not bloom.

Why do the leaves curl

Kalanchoe is sensitive to thrips, cyclamen mites and leaf rollers, which cause curling. If this is the problem, then an insecticide or miticide treatment will be needed.

Additional ultraviolet radiation can be stressful and cause morphological and biochemical changes: leaf curling and the formation of brown spots.

The fact is that Kalanchoe is rich in flavonoids, which are considered UV protective.

Ultraviolet light negatively affects the health of the flower, causing painful symptoms.

The appearance of black spots

It is most likely caused by a fungal infection. This means that the Kalanchoe suffers from low temperature and excessive humidity.

In addition to the unaesthetic appearance, black spots can cause damage at the cellular level, as a result of leaf fall (defoliation).

The appearance of black spots may be a sign of a secondary complication, such as after a mealybug infection.

Brown spots on the leaves

Formed due to dropsy (edema) or fungal infection. The best way keep the leaves healthy, avoid wetting them. Although the succulent leaves are thick, fleshy, filled with juice, it is does not mean that the Kalanchoe needs to be watered more often than other plants.

On the contrary, the soil should dry out between waterings. Kalanchoe is sensitive to an excess of fertilizers, as a rule, it needs rare and diluted additives (light fertilization once a year).

With an excess of salt contained in the fertilizer, it accumulates in the soil and can burn the roots. And as the saline solution moves upward, it touches the leaves, causing formation of brown spots.

Rolled leaves Dark spots on the cover White bloom Opal foliage Yellow foliage Withering flower

White bloom on the leaves

Powdery mildew prefers the same habitat as the Kalanchoe: warm, relatively dry areas. It may seem harmless at first and the plant will even thrive for some time.

The infection spreads, causing significant damage (leaves become discolored, pale green, then yellow and deformed).

Leaves fall: reasons and care

The reason is most likely in the weakness of the plant... In the cold season, this happens due to the proximity to central heating... Most likely, the plant is on the windowsill near the battery, and the air around is too dry.

It is better to move your pet to a room with a lower temperature according to the following recommendations:

Leaves turn yellow and dry

All gardeners dream that Kalanchoe will always delight the eye with green leaves. But it happens that the stem is pulled out, lower leaves begin to turn yellow and dry. These problems indicate improper lighting.

Direct sunlight can be detrimental to indoor plants.

Kalanchoe prefers bright indirect light during summer period, respectively east or west exposure... During the winter, the plant needs more light, so it is best to move it to a southern exposure.

The flower withers

Sometimes this problem occurs after flowering, when the plant begins to deplete. To stop: urgently need a transplant or fertilizer feeding.

Taking care of the Kalanchoe, it is important cut off old shoots in time... Then it will delight beautiful shape and abundant flowering over time.

How to help Kalanchoe bloom

As the days get shorter and the Kalanchoe experiences long periods of darkness, more and more flowers appear on the plant. But bloom can be triggered by simulating darkness for up to six weeks.

Try to simulate dark conditions to make Kalanchoe bloom

From October to early March, the days are short and the buds appear naturally. At other times, the plant is harvested in the dark and left for 14 hours every day and in daylight for 10 hours.

Household watering is halved. Optimum temperatures for flower formation are 7 degrees at night and 16 degrees during the day. Kalanchoe will bloom in 5-7 weeks.

After that, regular care is resumed. Withered flowers are removed, stimulating the appearance of new ones.

Kalanchoe prefers warm temperatures- between 15 - 25 degrees. At low temperatures (less than 4 degrees), the plant can die within a few hours.

The best way to prevent Kalanchoe disease- comply with simple conditions.

Keep plant leaves dry and provide well-drained and aerated soil. To get a blooming specimen, you need to remove the flower in the house in a timely manner.

Although Kalanchoe is considered a healing plant, its flowering looks very beautiful.

In the summer you can take it outside to a slightly shaded place, and return to the room before the first frosts or 3 months before the desired flowering time. However, it must be remembered that outdoors, the plant attracts ticks, scale insects and aphids.

Powdery mildew never occurs just like that. As a rule, improper care leads to this condition. Powdery mildew itself is a disease that causes a special type of fungus.

The main symptom of powdery mildew is small white spots. At first, they infect the leaves of the plant, but over time they can spread to the entire stem. Under unfavorable circumstances and untreated, powdery mildew can lead to the death of Kalanchoe.

The main reason for the formation of white bloom on Kalanchoe leaves is non-observance of the temperature regime. Too dry air and high air temperature contribute to the development of the fungus and its further spread.

How to treat powdery mildew in Kalanchoe?

The danger of powdery mildew is not only that it can dry out the plant, but also that it is highly contagious. Having appeared on one flower, the mycelium will quickly spread to other plants. That is why the white bloom on the Kalanchoe leaves needs treatment.

It is best to fight powdery mildew with fungicides. These funds quickly remove unaesthetic plaque, and also eliminate disease-causing fungi. Fungicides are sold in most specialty stores and, with regular use, quickly help get rid of the Kalanchoe problem.

Some home remedies also give a good effect in the fight against powdery mildew that has occupied Kalanchoe leaves. The simplest recipe consists of soap, water, and baking soda. For 4 liters of water, take a spoonful of soda and a few drops of liquid soap. Shake the solution thoroughly before use.

An effective remedy for controlling powdery mildew is a mustard solution. To prepare it, you need only two ingredients: dry mustard (2 l) and boiled water(10 l). Pour mustard into boiling water and mix thoroughly. With such a solution, you can spray Kalanchoe leaves, as well as add it.

Since powdery mildew most often appears on the Kalanchoe due to not proper care, it is important to adhere to certain rules for caring for this plant. Kalanchoe needs to be watered regularly, preventing the soil from drying out. In addition, if the air in the room is too dry, the plant must also be sprayed additionally. These simple rules are good prevention of powdery mildew in Kalanchoe.

Photos and descriptions of Kalanchoe leaf diseases, yellowing of leaves, spots on the leaves, gray rot, powdery mildew, mealybugs.

Kalanchoe, blooming in winter may suffer from illnesses associated with improper care or attack by disease-causing organisms. Main problems, yellow leaves disfiguring the plant spots or white bloom covering various parts of the plant. Learn how to fight Kalanchoe diseases, what to look for when caring for plants, what to do to make the Kalanchoe look beautiful again.

Yellow leaves

Yellowing of Kalanchoe leaves is more often the reason excess watering leading to root flooding. In this case, watering should be limited, especially in winter, and the soil should be allowed to dry out. Kalanchoe does not require a lot of water. It is enough to moisten the ground every 10-14 days. Remove the water accumulated in the pan after 15 minutes so that the plant does not stand in the water. Do not water the Kalanchoe when the leaves are drooping, this means that the ground is too wet, not dry, as many people mistakenly think.

Adequate drainage must be provided in the pot. A layer of pebbles, expanded clay or crushed ceramics 2 cm thick is poured onto the bottom of the container. Drainage will facilitate the outflow of water, while preventing water from entering the root area.

Uneven watering, long periods of drought, then abundant watering leads to yellowing of Kalanchoe leaves. If you do not provide regular watering, you should choose hydroponic cultivation. Special pots are placed in a container for water, which the plant uses as needed. Installed water level indicators will tell you when to replenish the water level.

Another reason for the yellowing of Kalanchoe leaves can be plant exposure to ethylene... Ethylene is a gas found in cigarette smoke and exhaust fumes, and is also emitted by ripening fruits (especially apples). The solution is to move the pot out of the room where the cigarettes are smoked or the kitchen where the fruit is kept.

The lack of minerals in the soil is manifested by yellowing of the leaf blades. The flower is sensitive to zinc deficiency in the soil. When there is not enough zinc, the leaves between the veins turn yellow, lose their tone and deform. To prevent zinc deficiency, Kalanchoe should be grown in a substrate with a pH of 6.0-6.5, rich in peat and perlite. In flower shops, suitable mixtures of growing cacti and succulent plants are available.

Leaf spots

Brown crusts on the leaves (dropsy)

Convex, light brown spots on the underside of the leaves indicate a physiological disease - dropsy. Dropsy is the result of growing a flower in a high temperature environment (25 ° C or more) and high humidity air. In such conditions, the flower retains water in its tissues and limits evaporation (removal of water vapor through the stomata). Tissue cells fill with water and swell. After a while, the cell, saturated with water, explodes, causing the formation of numerous, convex, yellow-brown spots on the underside of the leaves. Dropsy has no negative effect on plant health and significantly reduces attractiveness.

To prevent the appearance of damage, the plant is not allowed to fog up. In summer, the premises in which Kalanchoe are grown are well ventilated. On the windowsill, do not allow the leaves to come into contact with neighboring plants, especially those sprayed and often watered, such as Spathiphyllum or Aglaonema.

Leaf spot

If numerous small (1-3 mm), first yellow spots appear on both sides of the leaves, eventually turn brown - leaf spot, a fungal disease caused by the fungus Stemphylium bolickii.

There are spots that do not increase in size for a long time. Sometimes spots merge with each other, cover a significant part of the surface of the upper and lower sides of the sheet. Infected leaves gradually turn yellow and fall off. The fungus continues to develop on fallen leaves. In places of brown spots, spores develop, which are carried by drops of water (during watering) or insects to neighboring plants.

Moisture contributes to the development of leaf spot, so wetting the Kalanchoe during watering should be avoided. Water droplets left on the plant must be removed using a dry cloth. The flower pot is installed in a ventilated place. Fallen parts of the plant with signs of disease must be removed and destroyed. Spray the rest of the plant 1-2 times with biological products. In case of severe damage, spraying is done with stronger chemicals.

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is one of the most common fungal diseases on plants. It affects all parts of the plant. Weakened or fertilized plants are especially susceptible to gray mold damage.

The most characteristic symptom is a dusty grayish coating of mycelium and spores that appears on the dying parts of the Kalanchoe. Before the appearance of plaque from the mycelium, watery brown spots form near the base of the shoots. Part of the shoot above the site of infection dies.

Gray mold develops where it is high humidity air. Avoid wetting the flower when watering. Fallen parts of the plant should be regularly removed from the surface of the ground in a pot, especially if the ground is constantly wet. It is decomposing in a humid environment, plant residues are the source of infection. Watering the Kalanchoe should be limited, especially in winter - up to once every 2 weeks. In winter, watering is recommended in the morning, so that during the day the parts of the plant soaked during watering can dry out. This is important as the fungus develops at night.

For the treatment of gray mold, Kalanchoe is sprayed twice (with an interval of 10 days) using the following preparations: Teldor 500 SC (0.25 ml / 250 ml water), Miedzian 50 WP (0.6 g / 250 ml water) or Biosept (0, 1 ml / 200 ml water).

White bloom on the leaves

Powdery mildew

Powdery mildew- is a common fungal disease of many plants grown in warm (21 ° C) and wet conditions... A symptom of powdery mildew is a white, powdery coating that covers the leaves and twigs of the Kalanchoe. After the humidity drops and the temperature drops below 20 ° C, the white mycelium disappears, and brown spots of dead tissue appear in the place of powdery mildew. Kalanchoe leaves curl, dry out and die off. The flowers are distorted or the plant does not bloom at all. The fungal disease can be transmitted to other plants growing nearby, by wind or water sprayed with careless watering.

Prevent powdery mildew you can, taking care that no water remains on the flower. Watering is done directly on the ground, without soaking the leaves and stems. It is necessary to ensure a good exchange of air between plants and avoid accumulation, for example, on a windowsill, so that the wet parts of the Kalanchoe can quickly dry out. If there are symptoms of powdery mildew, Kalanchoe is treated by spraying 3-4 times every 7-10 days with alternating fungicides. Alternatively, the biological products Biosept (0.1 ml / 200 ml of water) and Bioczos (5 ml / 250 ml of water) are used for spraying.

Mealybugs are common pests of indoor plants. The most common is citrus bug(Planococcus citri), which has a wide variety of host plants. It happens that he settles on the Kalanchoe.

Mealybugs are small (2-5 mm) insects with a flat, oval and soft body. The body is segmented and covered with white waxy scales. They feed on shoots and the underside of Kalanchoe leaves. They cause weakening of plants, yellowing of leaves, growth retardation and dwarfism of shoots. Feeding worms contaminate the leaves with a white woolly or mealy bloom that looks like tufts of cotton wool. Like aphids and whiteflies, worms secrete nectar, becoming a breeding ground for fungi.

The fight against mealybugs on the Kalanchoe is not difficult. The worms are removed mechanically using a brush moistened with denatured alcohol or a toothbrush, then wipe the leaves and shoots of Kalanchoe with a cotton swab moistened with water and laundry soap. Another way to treat and get rid of worms is to make a spray from rapeseed oil. The drug can be prepared in your own kitchen: 5 ml of rapeseed oil diluted with 250 ml of water (1 glass), add 2 drops of liquid soap to the solution so that the drug adheres better to the surface of the leaves and does not drain quickly. Spraying is carried out 3 times with an interval of 1-2 days.

Important! After spraying, place a pot of Kalanchoe in a ventilated place so that the leaves dry faster.

Violation of the conditions for keeping and caring for the plant is the main cause of flower disease. Unfavorable conditions for the plant are the cause of diseases, for example: spots, plaque, powdery mildew and many others.

Important! Also, due to non-observance of these conditions, pests may appear, which, no less than any disease, harm the plant.

More on why not Kalanchoe blooms, you can read.

Diseases and methods of struggle

Powdery mildew- characteristic white spots with mushroom bloom on the leaves. The reason is excessively dry and warm air... Water the plant often and move it to a cool place. Spray with fugicides for treatment. If you react in time, the health of the plant will be restored. Remember that powdery mildew is very quickly transferred to other plants. Therefore, act immediately.
Annular leaf spot- the stem of the plant rots and circular spots appear on the leaves. In this case, the flower begins to die and it is impossible to save it.
Gray rot- sticky leaves with a gray bloom, which later turn into porridge. Replace soil, water regularly, stick to proper ventilation... For treatment, use fungicides and good temperature conditions.
Late blight or late blight rot- brown spots or brown bloom on the plant. This is due to poor ventilation and excess water in the soil. You need to reduce watering, choose the right fertilizer, carry out preventive procedures and treat the plant with fugnicides.

Reference. Also, the plant is often exposed to stem rot - the trunk or stem turns black. This is due to the fact that your plant is frozen. The optimum temperature for a plant in winter is 15 ° C. It is important to calculate watering at this temperature.

Common pests

Aphid- the most dangerous enemy of the Kalanchoe. Appears mainly in spring. If you do not take action on time, it will spread to neighboring plants. Aphids are small green or black insects that appear on leaves or stems. She takes the sap of the plant and infects him with her poison. The damaged areas are covered with a sticky substance that prevents the plant from breathing.
At the initial stage, it is difficult to notice the infection, since the insects are very small and settle on the back of the leaf. It can only be detected due to the unhealthy type of plant. It gets dirty and deformed. To get rid of aphids, you need to cut off the affected areas and burn them. Treat the remaining plant with an insecticide. Repeat once a week for a month. You can also use green potash soap: dilute in water and wash the plant with a solution. Can be replaced with laundry soap.
Multi-claw mites- small glassy mites. When it appears, the leaves and petioles are covered with a brown scab, the tissues of the plant harden and bend. Wash the insects off with soapy water and treat the plant with insecticide.
Shields and false shields- insects with a two-millimeter body covered with wax on top. They form a plaque (in which a sooty fungus is formed) and an accumulation of insects on the plant. Leaves turn yellow, fall off, growth slows down, flowering stops. For treatment, immediately remove all insects and wash the plant with soapy water. Treat insects with alcohol before removing insects. You can use folk remedies (wipe the plant with a cotton swab with alcohol, use garlic or an old toothbrush).
Mealybug - the insect feeds on Kalanchoe juice. It propagates the black mold fungus. If you do not take action, the plant will die. The appearance is determined by the appearance of a white waxy discharge. For treatment, use a mineral oil spray on the leaves.

And so leaf diseases and flower pests look in the photo.

Preventive measures

Avoid drafts.
Beware of sudden changes in temperature.
Avoid excessive moisture and heat.
Do not keep the plant in dry air.

Correct care

Correct watering - water in small doses, do not allow excess water. Water no more than 1 time in three days and after slightly drying out the soil.
Spraying is not recommended. The plant does not like high humidity.
A plant transplant is needed at least once every two years (read about how to transplant a Kalanchoe in

If you are growing Kalanchoe, you should be fully aware of what leaf and stem diseases exist, and how the flower is treated correctly. Now we will describe the main diseases of the Kalanchoe, and tell you how to cure a home flower.

Late blight

If you notice brown spots on the leaves of the Kalanchoe, this is almost certainly late blight. This disease occurs due to improper ventilation or excess water in the soil (so do not flood the plant when watering).

When the plant begins to ache, on almost every leaf of it, spots first appear, painted in Brown color, gradually the leaves can bend upward and fade.

What to do and how to save the flower? The appropriate fungicide, which can be purchased from a specialist store, will help you here.

You should also pay attention to the conditions in which the flower is contained, and provide the plant with proper care (correct watering and required amount fertilizers).

Powdery mildew

White bloom on the leaves of Kalanchoe can be a sign of a disease called powdery mildew.

Powdery mildew on Kalanchoe is a common fungal disease that can occur due to excessive dryness of the indoor air.

The white bloom itself, which can be found on the Kalanchoe, at first resembles a layer of dust, but over time it thickens and becomes like flour (therefore, white bloom is called powdery).

Due to powdery mildew, the plant sheds its leaves and dies, so the disease must be treated immediately. The main danger of the disease is that it is quickly transferred to other plants, so it is better to immediately isolate the diseased flower. Treatment is carried out with fungicides.

Gray rot

A dangerous ailment, due to which the Kalanchoe becomes soft, its leaves begin to rot and turn into gruel. A gray mold appears on the leaves, and the plant itself quickly begins to die.

The best remedy for this ailment is fungicides. It is also worth thinking about how to reanimate the Kalanchoe after the main danger has been eliminated: it is necessary to replace the soil and ensure the correct temperature regime for your flower.

Stem rot

If you notice that the trunk of the plant has begun to darken and dry, most likely you are faced with stem rot.

First, a small black dot appears on the stem, which then grows into a huge black spot.

Why does the trunk begin to blacken, and the plant itself wither? A blackened stem can be found with a sharp drop in temperature - for example, in winter, the flower can freeze and get sick.

How to revive a flower? Folk way, which you can use - to erase the plaque on the stem, and then disinfect this place with potassium permanganate or ash.

Also try to normalize the temperature to keep the plant warm.

Annular leaf spot

A disease from which it is impossible to save a flower. In this case, the stem also turns black, however, numerous round spots on the Kalanchoe leaves are added to this. It is best to get rid of the infected plant right away and not try to do anything.

"We save indoor flowers from pests"

From this video you will learn how to properly treat houseplants and save from pests.

Pests

In addition to diseases, Kalanchoe also affects a variety of pests. Now we will tell you about the most common types of insects that can encroach on your flower garden. In addition, we will also briefly describe the main ways to deal with annoying bugs.

Mealybug

A dangerous pest that can destroy a flower in a very short time. These are small insects gray which can be difficult to find.

Usually they hide on the leaves and in the bud of a flowering plant, but in the case of the Kalanchoe, it is much easier to see small insects.

The main signs of the appearance of an insect are:

crumbling leaves;
waxy discharge on the stem and leaves;
the appearance of black mold.

Shield

The scabbard most often sits on the inner side of the leaf or on the stalk. These are fairly large brownish bugs that are easy to spot. The first sign of an attack by these pests is the rapidly drying up flower leaves.

Mites

Mites settle on the underside of the leaf, and their appearance is due to the dry air in the room.

The leaves of the flower quickly turn yellow, in addition, the insects themselves weave a thin cobweb that can be seen on the leaves. Also, the leaves curl and fall off.

Therefore, if you do not take any measures, the plant will simply die.

Get rid of nasty beetles with insecticides. You can also treat the flower with mineral oil or soapy water, and remove the pests themselves with napkins.

Aphid

Aphids on Kalanchoe are a common problem that can be difficult to cope with. The reason for the occurrence is the soil oversaturated with fertilizers, which these insects love.

They settle on the stems and the inside of the leaves, so sometimes aphids are difficult to spot.

Insects suck the juices from the Kalanchoe, releasing a sticky coating that prevents the flower from breathing.

If you see that the plant is beginning to smolder, you need to urgently take action. First of all, cut off the affected leaves. Then you can treat the flower with soapy water. If you want to get rid of pests quickly, use insecticides.

"How to transplant Kalanchoe"

From this video you will learn how to properly carry out the Kalanchoe Persian.

Source: https://grow-me.ru/komnatnye/kalanhoe/bolezni-i-vrediteli-6101/

Popular Kalanchoe diseases and their treatment

Aphids can rightfully be called one of the most dangerous pests for Kalanchoe. She develops a vigorous activity in the spring.

If you do not start helping the culture, the aphid can also move to the nearby indoor flowers.

Even a beginner can visually determine the defeat of aphids - small insects painted in black or green will be visible on the stems and leaves.

Aphids are very fond of plant sap, which poisons, injecting poison. In addition, the foliage and stems are covered with a sticky mass. It is often possible to find aphids on young shoots or inflorescences.

But as the colony grows, it becomes clear that the culture urgently needs to be saved. After all, the plant is deformed, the leaves turn yellow and fly around, the flowers too, and the buds simply do not bloom.

Aphids are capable of carrying more than 100 types of dangerous infections. It is best to burn the diseased parts, and process the surviving parts. insecticidal... This procedure is performed once a week for a month.

A popular remedy known to many flower growers is green potassium soap. It heals the plant if diluted 20 grams in 1 liter of water. Wrap the primer before the procedure plastic wrap, then rinse the flower with a solution.

Alternatively, regular laundry soap will do.

False shield and shield

Scabbards are pests that belong to the coccid group. Visually, these are insects with an oblong miniature body covered with a wax shield.

Due to the vital activity of pests, the plant ceases to develop normally, there is no flowering, the leaves turn yellow and fall off.

Scabbards, like aphids, are located on the underside of the foliage. Adults usually sit motionless, and only young ones move.

To make it easier to remove insects from the surface, it is advised to wipe the foliage with alcohol.

Garlic infusion will also help. To prepare it, grind about 5 cloves and pour 1 glass of water over them. You need to insist 2 hours in a dark place, then filter and spray.

The scabbard is removed from the surface with an unnecessary toothbrush.

“Treatment of indoor plants. Kalanchoe "

Why Kalanchoe is losing leaves

Your loved one has problems with leaves indoor flower can occur for a number of reasons. One of them is a lack of lighting, as a result of which the plant will begin to stretch upward.

You can really help if you make a backlight or move the pot to a brighter place. Lack of light also leads to yellowing and drying of the lower leaves.

Stagnant air in the room can also lead to leaf fall. Here regular airing will come to the rescue.

If the plants are exposed to direct sunlight or the pots are very close to each other, unpleasant spots can be found on the foliage surface.

Place containers and provide shade for the flowers. If your pet is lacking in nutrients, it may stop growing and start getting rid of the leaves.

This is actual after the end of the flowering period, and it usually cures the implementation of top dressing, or transplanting the culture into nutrient soil. An overabundance of nitrogen or peat in the ground will be signaled by foliage curling. In this case, it is necessary to transplant the flower into another substrate.

If your Kalanchoe has become yellow color, this indicates a large amount of sunlight falling on it.

When the leaves become soft to the touch and begin to fly around, it is worth reducing the watering and checking the roots for root rot infection. They will definitely have to be treated.

Foliage still dies off in the cold season, due to the proximity to central heating. If the air is dry, it is advised to transfer the flower to a room with a temperature of no more than 13 - 15 degrees. Then he overwinters without losing green mass.

But you need to control so that the room is not excessively humid, otherwise you will need treatment for mold, which appears in the form of brown or black spots.

Other diseases

Of the other ailments of Kalanchoe, late blight rot should be called. This unpleasant fungus appears as brown spots at the branching point of the shoots.

As a result, the culture is very lagging behind in development. The causes of this disease are excessive watering, elevated temperature, lack of regular ventilation, and a large amount of nitrogen in the ground.

The use of fungicides treats late blight rot. It is recommended to replace the soil with a new one and water the plant less often.

An excellent prevention will be the disinfection of the soil before planting a flower, the use of clean tools, and constant inspections of the culture.

When damaged by gray rot, the Kalanchoe becomes covered with a gray bloom and weeping spots. Further, the flower rots.

The disease spreads to other cultures in the room - by air, by touch, working with tools.

Gray rot is often associated with inadequate ventilation, poor lighting, and excessively moist soil and air. It is required to treat the plant by treating it with a special fungicide.

If you find a powdery white bloom on the surface of the leaves, then you are dealing with powdery mildew. With such a disease, the foliage will inevitably fall further. An ailment develops due to elevated temperature and dry air in the room.

As with gray mold, fungicidal treatments are considered effective. Ring spot of foliage is also dangerous for your pet. When it appears, the culture stops normal growth. Further discoloration of the leaves occurs, they become unnatural in shape.

Such a disease cannot be cured, because the affected areas are simply destroyed.

Stem rot is characterized by the appearance of watery black spots on the stems and foliage. It spreads quickly if there is excessive humidity in the room. You can treat the culture with insecticides. If this does not help, the diseased plant must be destroyed.

The edges of the leaves are bent, their growth stops. Culture tissues are roughened. Small glassy mites will settle on your flowers if the room is damp and the air temperature is high.

They need to be washed off with a soap solution and the plant treated with insecticides. Mealybugs, as a result of their vital activity, cover the petioles and veins of the leaves with a waxy white coating.

Treatment with insecticidal preparations or mineral oils will help.

"We save houseplants from diseases"

To cure Kalanchoe or get rid of pests, we recommend watching the following video clip. In it you will find helpful advice and advice for the treatment and prevention of indoor plant diseases.

Source: http://MyOrchidea.ru/kalanhoe/bolezni/

Kalanchoe diseases and measures to combat them

Almost all Kalanchoe diseases appear due to a violation of the conditions of detention. It should be noted that this plant loves diffused lighting and moderate watering. By giving him necessary care, you will achieve both correct development and flowering.

But if the plant begins to hurt, its leaves become stained, and you find small insects on the flowers and trunk - urgent action is needed. Let's try together to rid the "green doctor" of problems.

In this article we will tell you what pests can infect Kalanchoe and how you can fight them.

Aphids on Kalanchoe

Aphids are the most dangerous enemy of the Kalanchoe. It appears mainly in the spring.

If urgent measures are not taken to get rid of, aphids can also occupy neighboring plants, as a result of which they will harm all your flowers.

If you find small green or black insects on the leaves and trunk of the Kalanchoe, you should know that your plant suffers from aphids.

She takes the juice from the Kalanchoe and poisons it with constant injections of her own poison.

But that's not all - the affected leaves and stem are covered with a sticky substance that prevents the flower from "breathing deeply."

Most often, this insect can be found on young shoots or on inflorescences.

Signs of aphid infestation

Frequent use of nitrogenous fertilizers stimulates the appearance of aphids. It has already been noticed that aphids multiply very quickly on beefy flowers.

Aphids can get into the house on newly purchased plants or even on cut bouquets.

Therefore, it is important to keep all newly arrived flowers in the so-called quarantine zone, in other words, in another room.

At the initial stage of infection, it is quite difficult to notice any signs of aphid infestation. The insects themselves are quite small and, given that aphids settle on the back of the leaf, they are quite invisible.

The colony can be found as it grows - due to the obviously unhealthy appearance of the plant. It gets dirty and deformed. The leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off, the buds no longer bloom, and the existing flowers fall off.

The scary thing is that aphids carry more than 100 types of viruses, and their liquid sugary secretions become a breeding ground for fungi.

How to get rid of aphids?

The most radical way is to cut off the affected areas and burn them. The remaining plant is treated with an appropriate indoor plant insecticide. Repeat the treatment once a week for a month.

It must be diluted in water (1 liter will need 20 grams of soap) and wash the plant with this solution, after wrapping the soil with polyethylene.

If it is difficult to get such a drug, you can use laundry soap, it is also detrimental to aphids, albeit to a lesser extent.

Shield and false shield

The scale insects belong to the suborder coccids and are insects with an elongated two-millimeter body, which is closed on top with a wax shield.

Females are much larger than males and have neither wings nor legs. They sit motionless, covering their eggs.

A plant affected by scabies is covered with a kind of bloom from a cluster of insects.

Leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off, Kalanchoe growth slows down, flowering stops.

The condition of the plant is deteriorating due to additional damage by the sooty fungus, which multiplies in the sticky secretion secreted by the scale insects.

Pests stay mainly on the underside of the leaves. Only young larvae are capable of movement, adults are motionless.

To prevent this disease, the plant must be regularly and carefully examined. And at the end of winter and at the beginning of spring, make sure that the Kalanchoe is in a well-ventilated area. If the air temperature permits, spray the plant with water more often - scale insects do not like a humid environment.

Ways to deal with the scabbard

Be sure to collect insects from the leaves, and then wash the flower with soapy water.

To make the scabbards easier to remove, they are pre-treated with alcohol.

There are no special insecticides to combat scale insects, so you can use any preparation intended for indoor plants.

You can fight pests and folk remedies - regularly (3-4 times a week) wipe the plant with a cotton swab dipped in vodka or diluted alcohol. Remove the scale insects with an old toothbrush.

You can also wash the plant with garlic infusion. Grind 5-6 cloves of garlic in a mortar and pour in a glass of water.

Insist the resulting mixture in a dark place for several hours, filter it and spray the plant.

Why do leaves fall on the Kalanchoe?

All flower growers want Kalanchoe to always delight the eye with green leaves. But it happens that the stem of the plant stretches out, and the lower leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off.

This behavior indicates not correct lighting- the sun's rays are just not enough for him. Sometimes this trouble occurs after flowering: growth stops, the flower begins to lose leaves. All this happens when the Kalanchoe is depleted.

He urgently needs a transplant or good feeding.

Leaves die off during the cold season. This is due to the proximity to central heating. Most likely, the plant is on the windowsill near the battery, and the air around it is too dry. Move the flower to a colder room.

The optimum temperature at this time of the year is about 13-15 degrees, then the Kalanchoe overwinters without losing green mass.

The main thing is that at low temperatures there is no excess moisture, otherwise the plant will have to be treated for mold, which manifests itself in the form of black or brown spots.

In general, when caring for the Kalanchoe, it is important to prune old shoots on time, then it will delight you for a long time with its beautiful shape and abundant flowering.

Other Kalanchoe diseases

The signs of this disease are dead brown spots at the branches of the Kalanchoe. Many factors provoke rot, such as excessive watering or poor ventilation.

There may be an excess of fertilizer in the soil or too high a temperature of the content. When this disease is detected, watering is stopped and the plant is provided with a partial change of soil.

In the future, Kalanchoe needs to be watered with fungicides for some time.

Signs of the disease: specific spots with a white fungus can be found on the leaves of the plant. Depending on the development of the disease, the leaves die off.

The danger is that the fungus that causes powdery mildew is easily transmitted through the air and can infect neighboring plants. The disease develops in dry air and high temperatures.

To fight, you need regular watering (but not frequent!) And spraying with fungicides.

It is accompanied by the formation of weeping gray spots on the aerial parts of the plant. If you do not take action, the spots grow, turning into a mushy mass, and the plant dies. The fungus that causes the disease remains in the soil for another two years.

To activate it, you need excessive moisture, lack of lighting and poor ventilation. If a disease is detected, it is necessary to urgently change the conditions of detention and take care of sufficient lighting and replacement of soil. And also treat the plant with systemic fungicides.

As you can see, all the diseases inherent in Kalanchoe are curable. The main thing is to find them in time and take appropriate measures.

Source: http://www.JLady.ru/priroda/bolezni-kalanxoe.html

Kalanchoe: how to properly care for a flower

→ Houseplants → Kalanchoe: how to properly care for a flower

Kalanchoe is a very valuable plant, as it combines both decorative and medicinal components. Kalanchoe comes from Madagascar, but, despite the exoticism, feels great at home in our climate.

With proper care, the Kalanchoe will surely delight you with a beautiful flowering. The buds usually have a pink tint and perfectly decorate the interior of the room.

Kalanchoe was nicknamed "indoor analogue of ginseng", as it is difficult to list all healing properties of this plant.

After all, it has a healing effect, is actively used in cosmetology and even improves the energy background of the apartment.

How to choose the right plant when buying

Before buying, you need to pay attention to appearance Kalanchoe, because it depends on how strong and beautiful plant will be able to grow in the future. To choose healthy plant, you need to pay attention to the following nuances:

The stem of the Kalanchoe should be even, without dry leaves and damage.
It is best to buy a plant during the flowering period, the number of buds will show how healthy the Kalanchoe is.
Considering this point, the best time to buy a plant - in winter, because Kalanchoe bloom in winter, and in summer they are at rest.
The foliage should not be stained.

Growing conditions

That the plant was healthy and beautiful, it needs the right lighting, temperature, humidity and soil composition:

Kalanchoe cannot be called a whimsical plant. You can place the plant in almost any place convenient for this. It is not afraid of direct sunlight, but it is best to choose a place for the Kalanchoe where the light will be slightly diffused. Periodically, it is useful to take it out into the sun in the afternoon. Too aggressive sunlight leaves burns on the leaves, and the plant begins to stagnate. With proper lighting, the foliage of the Kalanchoe will be framed with a brown border. If there is not enough light, then the plant usually stretches, and the color of the leaves becomes dull.
Air Temperature and Humidity The most suitable temperature is between 23 and 28 degrees. Kalanchoe will withstand hotter temperatures, but this implies frequent watering of the plant, otherwise, the Kalanchoe may dry out. If we talk about low temperatures, then the critical point is temperatures below ten degrees, at which the plant can freeze and die. It is important to protect the Kalanchoe from the frosty wind, as the foliage of the plant is prone to frostbite. Kalanchoe does not require spraying, on the contrary, excessive moisture can be harmful to it. Therefore, it is enough to wipe the foliage with a damp cloth.
Priming. Kalanchoe belongs to the succulent family, so you can safely take already ready mix soil in the store. However, if we consider the composition of the soil in more detail, then it consists of peat with the addition of coconut fiber. The structure of the soil is loose, it should not retain water and prevent oxygen from flowing to the root system of the plant. If you make the substrate yourself, you can take different fractions of humus, turf and coarse sand. It is important to disinfect the soil before planting the plant, in order to avoid various infections of the Kalanchoe.

Watering and feeding

Since Kalanchoe is a succulent plant, over-watering can cause enormous damage to the plant.

Watering should be done as follows: completely shed the soil and drain the remainder through the holes in the pot to prevent water stagnation.

V winter time a couple of waterings per week will be enough for the plant; in extreme heat, the frequency should be increased.

Excessive watering of the plant can be identified by the following signs:

Dull foliage.
The appearance of dark spots with a yellow border.
The soil remains moist and does not dry out.

How can a plant be saved:

It is necessary to remove the plant from the planting container and check root system... If it is not damaged by decay, then the Kalanchoe can not be transplanted.
Blot the roots of the plant with a napkin.
Place the Kalanchoe in a warm and dry place (but not near heaters).
After the plant is dry, it can be returned to the planting container, renewing the drainage if it is not good enough.

In case of damage to the root system, all rotten areas must be cut off and the cut sites must be treated with an antiseptic solution or ash. Next, the plant must be dried and you can start transplanting.

Kalanchoe does not require frequent feeding, it is enough to choose a fertilizer composition in the store, which is intended for succulents, and use it according to the instructions.

You should not feed the Kalanchoe in winter, it can harm the plant.

How to make a transplant correctly

Basic rules for transplanting Kalanchoe:

Kalanchoe grows quite intensively, therefore, it may require an annual transplant.
Each time the planting capacity is increased by at least three centimeters in volume.
You should not transplant the plant during the flowering period, as there is a risk that the buds will disappear and adaptation will be extremely difficult.
Having previously well moistened the soil, the plant is taken out of the planting container along with lumps of old soil, and then thoroughly shaken off.
Before transplanting, always examine the root system for decay and remove the affected areas.
The new pot is thoroughly washed with hot water and rinsed with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Next, a drainage layer (from 2 cm thick) is laid on the bottom of the planting container and sprinkled with prepared and disinfected soil to half the pot.
The plant is placed vertically and sprinkled with the remaining soil, subsequently tamping.
You can add top dressing to the soil for better plant adaptation.
Kalanchoe is spilled with water, waiting for excess moisture to drain from the holes of the planting container.

How to properly trim

Pruning is a very useful procedure for the Kalanchoe. Thanks to timely pruning, the crown becomes richer and a lot of new shoots appear. Kalanchoe pruning is carried out after flowering. Dried inflorescences are cut to the very base, after which the Kalanchoe gives new shoots.

In addition, you can pinch the Kalanchoe, this manipulation will allow you to form the crown and give it a neat look.

How to properly prune in order for the Kalanchoe to bloom again:

First, the plant must be placed in partial shade, the light must reach the plant no more than six hours a day.
After that, it is necessary to trim the dried inflorescences, new buds should no longer form.
Watering is reduced to 1 time in two weeks.
The plant is contained in cool place, the temperature should not be more than 20 degrees.
Before the winter period, care is returned to its usual mode.

After these simple procedures, the Kalanchoe begins to bloom soon.

Problems due to improper care

The consequences of improper care can negatively affect the Kalanchoe, therefore it is very important to maintain a comfortable habitat and monitor the condition of the plant.

There are several main points that the owners of this plant may encounter:

If the Kalanchoe becomes elongated, while the lower leaves dry out, then it does not have enough sunlight.
If the Kalanchoe sheds foliage, then this may be the reason for the rare ventilation of the room.
Spots on the foliage of the Kalanchoe can appear with sunburn, or excessive crowding of plants.
If the Kalanchoe stops growing and sheds foliage, then this may indicate a lack of nutrients in the soil.
The curled leaves of the plant may indicate too much peat in the soil.
If the foliage of the Kalanchoe becomes soft and falls off, then this is due to too frequent watering, or rotting of the root system.
If the foliage of the plant dries up, then, most likely, the frequency of watering should be increased.

The main diseases of the Kalanchoe

The most common diseases that can be encountered while growing Kalanchoe:

The defeat of gray mold occurs due to an excess of moisture and improper lighting. The foliage is covered with spots and gray bloom. The disease is very actively spreading to nearby plants. Treatment occurs by treating the plant with a fungicide.
Powdery mildew is manifested by the formation of a whitish bloom and foliage fall. The disease occurs due to excessively dry air or heat. Treatment is done by treating the plant with a fungicide.
Rot appears as black and damp spots on the plant. It usually occurs due to high humidity and is treated with an insecticide. But if the treatment does not help Kalanchoe, then the plant should be disposed of.
Ring spot, which appears in characteristic circles on the foliage of the plant. Leaves become rough and out of shape. Such a disease cannot be cured, therefore it is necessary to dispose of the plant as soon as possible.

Kalanchoe pests

The main pests of Kalanchoe that can be encountered:

The mite is multi-clawed. Its presence is manifested by brown crusts on the Kalanchoe foliage, which stops growing and begins to curl inward. A tick is a white or transparent insect that lives directly on the plant. To combat the pest, washing with soapy water and subsequent treatment with an insecticide is used.
Aphid. When aphids are affected, the foliage becomes yellow and deformed with a sticky bloom. Fight aphids with soapy water and a suitable insecticide. Aphids very actively spread to neighboring plants, so it is necessary to carefully monitor the state of the Kalanchoe.
Mealybug. The veins of Kalanchoe leaves are covered with a whitish bloom. To combat the worm, it is necessary to remove all affected leaves, and then treat the plant with an insecticide.
Shield. The foliage of the Kalanchoe dries and falls off, the stem becomes covered with a sticky bloom, the plant stops growing. Pest control is carried out by manual collection pests and flushing of the plant. The dense shell of the scale protects it from most chemicals, so wiping the foliage with a swab soaked in alcohol works well. However, you should be careful not to burn the plant.

Kalanchoe - pretty unpretentious plant... If you know the main points of proper care and maintain a comfortable environment for its living, then the Kalanchoe will become a real decoration of the house and will delight the owner with a beautiful flowering.