Technological map for the installation of a semi-dry floor screed. "Typical flow chart for the installation of cement-sand and polymer-cement screeds Technological map for the installation of screed m150
TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD
Device cement-sand screed fiber reinforced floors mechanized way
1 AREA OF USE
1 AREA OF USE
1.1. The technological map was developed for the installation of cement-sand screeds from a hard semi-dry mortar, with the addition of polypropylene synthetic fiber (construction micro-reinforcing fiber - BCM), performed by a mechanized method, designed to level the surfaces of the underlying floor element or to give the floor a given slope.
The thickness, strength of the screed and the material are assigned by the project depending on the type of floor covering, the design of the ceilings and the purpose of the premises based on the requirements:
SP 29.13330.2011 Floors. Updated edition of SNiP 2.03.13-88;
Floors. Code of Rules (in development of SNiP 2.03.13-88 "Floors" and SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulating and finishing coatings");
MDS 31-6.2000 "Recommendations for the installation of floors", which regulate the sequence of operations for the preparation and installation of cement-sand hard semi-dry mixtures (mortars) using polypropylene synthetic fiber - a device for screeding and quality control of work performed (Fig. 1).
Fig.1. Fiber tie device
When developing this technological map, the requirements for the quality of the materials used were also taken into account:
- GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications (with changes) ;
- GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. Specifications ;
- GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixtures. Specifications ;
- Amendment N 1 GOST 28013-98 Building mortars. General specifications .
The developed technology for the manufacture and installation of a screed using fiberglass, modern Russian and German equipment is used in a wide variety of industries:
- Housing and civil complexes;
- In industrial, civil and public buildings(fig.2);
Fig.2. Floor screed in industrial, civil and public buildings
In production and industrial workshops;
- When arranging storage facilities;
- In garages and car repair shops;
- In trading floors and exhibition complexes;
- In multi-storey car parks;
- In aircraft hangars and cargo terminals;
- V office space, basements and roofs.
Technological stages of the floor screed device in a mechanized way with fiber reinforcement(fig.3)
The necessary measurements are carried out, a topographic map of the premises is compiled. The goal is to measure the area and thickness of the layer. From a given reference point (options are possible), deviations from the horizon line to the existing coverage are recorded using a laser level. Based on the fixation of deviations and their further calculation in a variety of points, the future thickness of the screed is determined;
- the base is being prepared - the surface is freed from foreign objects, debris;
- in the immediate vicinity of the object of work (on the street) equipment is located - a pneumatic blower. This is a self-contained device with a diesel engine in the form of a semi-trailer;
- mortar hoses, through which the mixture prepared in the pneumatic blower is subsequently transmitted to the place of work, are mounted from the equipment to the premises;
- in the immediate vicinity of the equipment, the necessary materials are placed - sand, cement, fiber, plasticizer, water (constantly replenished capacity);
- the surface in the room is covered with a technical film, a damper tape is mounted around the perimeter of the room and at the points of contact with vertical surfaces;
- in certain proportions, the material is fed into the mixing chamber of the pneumatic blower, mixed and fed in portions to the place of work (the possibility of supplying ready solution to a height of up to the 30th floor);
- the mixture is received by means of a special absorber connected to the sleeves high pressure, pre-planned, rammed;
- from a given horizon line, according to a special technology, beacons are formed from the finished solution for laying in the future a ready-made hard (semi-dry) solution at an equivalent distance from a given horizon line;
- with the help of special smoothing rails (rules), a surface is formed according to previously made beacons;
- the surface is rubbed and additionally compacted with a surface grinder;
- expansion joints are cut;
- the surface is covered with plastic wrap.
Fig.3. Technological stages of the screed device
2. GENERAL PROVISIONS
ORGANIZATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS ON THE DEVICE OF FLOOR SCREED
2.1. Screed is a monolithic or prefabricated layer of relatively durable material in multilayer structures of floors and roofs of buildings. It is intended for the perception, distribution and transfer of loads (for example, on the roofs - snow cover, on the floors - the presence of people, cargo, equipment), for leveling the underlying layer or giving the cover layer of roof and floor structures a given slope, as well as for flooring on them finish coat, movement of equipment and people on it.
2.2. Work on the installation of a screed using fiber (construction micro-reinforcing fiber - VSM) must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP after completion of construction and installation work, during the production of which the screed may be damaged.
2.3. The screed can be installed at the air temperature at the floor level and the temperature of the underlying layer is not lower than 5 ° C, the temperature must be maintained for the entire duration of the work and until the screed acquires at least 50% of the design strength.
2.4. A screed from a hard semi-dry mortar, performed by a mechanized method, must be laid at once to the estimated height.
2.5. In order to prevent the transfer of deformations to the floor screed from the building structures along the walls, around the columns and foundations, insulating joints are arranged by laying insulating material (polyethylene foam damper tapes, isolon, isocom) to the entire height of the screed immediately before laying the mortar.
3.1. Surface cleaning foundation is carried out before laying the separating layer. The surface of the base is inspected, thoroughly cleaned of debris and foreign deposits, the horizontalness of the base and the correctness of the slopes are checked, if there are cracks in the base, the cracks are expanded and filled with a repair compound, the gaps between the prefabricated slabs are sealed. The base must be clean, solid, free from delamination.
3.2. Making marks. The level of the finished floor is carried out by surveyors using a laser level. In this case, it should be noted that the level of the clean floor must be the same in all rooms of the apartment or part of the floor located between adjacent staircases.
3.3. Seams. In order to prevent the transfer of deformations to the floor screed from the building structures along the walls, around the columns and foundations, insulating joints are arranged by laying insulating material (damper tapes made of polyethylene foam, isolon, isocom) with a thickness of 4-8 mm. to the full height of the screed immediately before laying the mortar.
3.4. Equipment installation. The place for installing a compressor, pneumatic transport specialized equipment for preparing and supplying the mixture, the place for storing building materials should be specified in the project for the production of works or agreed with the Customer. The required area for placement of equipment and materials is from 30 to 50 m2; A semi-dry screed is prepared directly on the construction site or at the work site.
When preparing a mortar for a screed in a mechanized way using fiberglass, certain requirements are met, the ratio of the volume of sand to the volume of cement, which should be 3: 1, under the strict condition that the washed seeded sand corresponds to a fraction of a particle size of 2-3 mm. Standard pneumatic conveying equipment has a mixing hopper volume of 250 liters, according to the actual volume ready mix 200 liters. The minimum amount of cement per hopper load should not be less than 50 kg (1 standard bag). The water-cement ratio is in the range of 0.34 - 0.45, which corresponds to 17-24 liters of water per hopper load.
Loading sand, cement and water is carried out in two stages. First stage: - first ½ volume of sand is loaded (about 75 kg) and 50 kg bag of cement. Next, 10-12 liters of water and polypropylene fiber are added. The second stage: - the final loading of the working bunker with sand about 100 kg is carried out and necessary quantity water about 7-12 liters, as well as fiber. The consumption of the used polypropylene fiber is about 120 - 150 grams per full bunker load, i.e. per batch at the rate of 700-900 grams per cubic meter of the prepared solution. Fibrin is added with each proportion of water. The fully loaded mass is mixed for at least two minutes. The total operating time of the mixing hopper, taking into account the loading time, is from 4 to 7 minutes.
3.5. Supply of solution to the place of laying. The prepared cement-sand mortar under pressure, in portions through rubber hoses, is delivered directly to the place of laying and is placed on the base through a mortar quencher. On the large areas floor screed is carried out with cards. The size of the map is determined by the performance of the working link, that is, the floor area laid in one work shift. The feeding time of the prepared solution should not exceed 5 minutes. Depending on the type of equipment, feeding can be carried out at a distance of up to 160 meters horizontally and 100 meters in height. If necessary, deliver the solution to a distance of more than 100 meters, the delivery time can take up to 7-15 minutes. At negative temperature outside air not exceeding minus 10 0C, the preparation and supply of the solution is possible with the obligatory device of the so-called "greenhouse" at the installation site of the compressor, pneumatic transport specialized equipment.
3.6. Installation of lighthouses and laying of cement-sand mortar. The device of beacons is made from a freshly prepared solution with a preliminary alignment with a level without installing guides. After the semi-dry cement-sand mixture (mortar) is supplied to the work site, the entire volume of the prepared map is filled with the mixture. The mixture is pulled out by a screed rule, moved with two-sided support on these beacons until a flat surface is obtained. In the process of work, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the exposed beacons. The leveling of the surface and the installation of beacons is carried out simultaneously, which ensures the uniformity of laying and, in the future, the complete absence of cracks.
3.7. Grinding the surface of the screed. Work on grinding the surface must be started immediately after leveling the mortar and completed before the mortar begins to set within 1.5 - 2 hours from the moment of filing. Grinding of the surface should be done with a trowel equipped with a leveling disc and in special shoes - concrete shoes.
3.8. slicing expansion joints . To prevent chaotic cracking of the screed during hardening and curing, it is necessary to cut expansion joints, as a result of which the screed cracks in a given direction.
There are three main types of expansion joints:- - Insulating seams
- - Shrink seams
- - Structural seams
Shrink seams it is more expedient to cut in a freshly laid mortar with a special cutter after processing the surface of the mortar with a trowel. The seams must be cut along the axes of the columns and joined with the corners of the seams running along the perimeter of the columns. The floor map formed by the shrinkage joints is, if possible, cut into squares. The length of the card should not exceed the width by more than 1.5 times. The depth of the seam should be 1/3 of the thickness of the screed. The seams allow you to create straight planes of slack in the screed. Obviously, the smaller the map, the less likely the random cracking.
Construction seams are tripled in places where the work on laying the screed of the working link per shift ends. Structural joints work according to the principle of shrinkage and, if possible, should be combined.
Norm DIN-EN 13813 "Screed material and floor screeds - Screed materials - Properties and requirements"
TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD
The device of a cement-sand floor screed with fiber reinforcement in a mechanized way
1 AREA OF USE
1.1. Routing designed for the installation of cement-sand screeds from a hard semi-dry mortar, with the addition of polypropylene synthetic fiber (construction micro-reinforcing fiber - VSM), performed by a mechanized method, designed to level the surfaces of the underlying floor element or to give the floor a given slope.
The thickness, strength of the screed and the material are assigned by the project depending on the type of floor covering, the design of the ceilings and the purpose of the premises based on the requirements:
SP 29.13330.2011 Floors. Updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88;
Floors. Code of Rules (in development of SNiP 2.03.13-88 "Floors" and SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulating and finishing coatings");
MDS 31-6.2000 "Recommendations for the installation of floors", which regulate the sequence of operations for the preparation and installation of cement-sand hard semi-dry mixtures (solutions) using polypropylene synthetic fiber - a device for screeding and quality control of work performed (Fig. 1).
Fig.1. Fiber tie device
When developing this technological map, the requirements for the quality of the materials used were also taken into account:
GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction works. Specifications (as amended);
GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. Specifications;
GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixes. Specifications;
Change N 1 GOST 28013-98 Building mortars. Are common specifications.
The developed technology for the manufacture and installation of a screed using fiberglass, modern Russian and German equipment is used in a wide variety of industries:
Housing and civil complexes;
In industrial, civil and public buildings (Fig. 2);
Fig.2. Floor screed in industrial, civil and public buildings
In production and industrial workshops;
When arranging storage facilities;
In garages and auto repair shops;
In trading floors and exhibition complexes;
In multi-storey car parks;
In aircraft hangars and cargo terminals;
In offices, basements and roofs.
Technological stages of the floor screed device in a mechanized way with fiber reinforcement (fig.3)
Necessary measurements are taken, topographic map premises. The goal is to measure the area and thickness of the layer. From a given reference point (options are possible), deviations from the horizon line to existing coverage. Based on the fixation of deviations and their further calculation in a variety of points, the future thickness of the screed is determined;
The base is being prepared - the surface is freed from foreign objects, debris;
In the immediate vicinity of the work object (on the street) equipment is located - a pneumatic blower. This is a self-contained device with a diesel engine in the form of a semi-trailer;
Solution hoses, through which the mixture prepared in the pneumatic blower is subsequently transmitted to the place of work, are mounted from the equipment to the premises;
In the immediate vicinity of the equipment are placed necessary materials- sand, cement, fiber, plasticizer, water (constantly replenished container);
The surface in the room is covered with a technical film, a damper tape is mounted around the perimeter of the room and at the junction with vertical surfaces;
In certain proportions, the material is fed into the mixing chamber of the pneumatic blower, mixed and fed in portions to the place of work (the possibility of supplying the finished solution to a height of up to the 30th floor);
The mixture is received with the help of a special absorber connected to high-pressure hoses, pre-planned, rammed;
From a given horizon line, according to a special technology, beacons are formed from the finished solution for laying in the future a ready-made hard (semi-dry) solution at an equivalent distance from a given horizon line;
With the help of special smoothing rails (rules), a surface is formed according to previously made beacons;
The surface is rubbed and additionally compacted with a surface grinder;
Expansion seams are cut;
The surface is covered with plastic wrap.
Fig.3. Technological stages of the screed device
2. GENERAL PROVISIONS
ORGANIZATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS ON THE DEVICE OF FLOOR SCREED
2.1. Screed is a monolithic or prefabricated layer of relatively durable material in multilayer structures of floors and roofs of buildings. It is intended for the perception, distribution and transfer of loads (for example, on the roofs - snow cover, on the floors - the presence of people, cargo, equipment), for leveling the underlying layer or giving the cover layer of roof and floor structures a given slope, as well as for laying a finishing layer on them coverings, movement of equipment and people on it.
2.2. Work on the installation of a screed using fiber (construction micro-reinforcing fiber - VSM) must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP after completion of construction and installation work, during the production of which the screed may be damaged.
2.3. The screed can be installed at the air temperature at the floor level and the temperature of the underlying layer is not lower than 5 ° C, the temperature must be maintained for the entire duration of the work and until the screed acquires at least 50% of the design strength.
2.4. A screed from a hard semi-dry mortar, performed by a mechanized method, must be laid at once to the estimated height.
2.5. In order to prevent the transfer of deformations to the floor screed from the building structures along the walls, around the columns and foundations, insulating joints are arranged by laying insulating material (polyethylene foam damper tapes, isolon, isocom) to the entire height of the screed immediately before laying the mortar.
2.6. To prevent chaotic cracking of the screed during hardening and curing, it is necessary to cut shrinkage joints, as a result of which the screed will crack in a given direction. Shrinkage joints must be cut along the axes of the columns and joined with the corners of the joints running along the perimeter of the columns. The floor map formed by shrinkage joints is cut into squares if possible. The length of the card should not exceed the width by more than 1.5 times. A generally accepted rule is that the smaller the card, the less likely it is to have chaotic cracking.
2.7. When installing screeds from a hard semi-dry solution, taking into account their design features, on the object you should do:
Providing access roads for freight transport to the place of work;
Determine the location of equipment installation and storage building materials for making and serving mortar mix;
Providing an access point to power supply;
Ensuring the necessary lighting of the place of work;
Ensuring the supply of technical water to the installation site of the equipment.
Technological operations:
Cleaning the surface of the underlying layer;
Making marks of a clean floor;
The device of insulating material for the entire height of the screed along the perimeter of the walls, around columns and foundations;
Preparation of cement-sand mortar;
Supply of solution to the place of laying;
The device of lighthouses;
Laying cement-sand mortar;
Grinding the surface of the screed with trowels (Fig. 4);
Fig.4. Screed surface grinding machine
Cutting expansion joints.
materials
The choice of work technology, the use of the necessary equipment, initial building materials forfloor screed devices
due to the purpose of the latter and the requirements that the practice of their operation puts forward to them.
For the production of a semi-dry cement-sand screed, the following are used:
Fig.5. Sand for construction work
Sand
for construction work (GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications (as amended)), used to prepare a solution when installing screeds, must have a fraction size of not more than 3 mm and not contain clay particles more than 3% by weight (Fig. 5).
Fig.6. Cement
Cement
- Portland cement not lower than grade PC-400 DO. For a castcement marking
in line with European standard EN 197-1 in the Russian Federation, a new GOST 30515 has been introduced. It is used in the production of critical concrete and reinforced concrete structures in industrial construction, where high requirements are placed on water resistance, frost resistance, and durability (Fig. 6).
Fig.7. Polypropylene fiber
Polypropylene fiber
is a building micro-reinforcing fiber (VSM), added to cement-sand mortars, inconcrete
, foam concrete, etc. (Fig. 7). The main task of fiber reinforcement of the above materials is to increase the strength indicators for impact strength, crack resistance, increase the tensile strength of the material, as a result of which the materials acquire qualitatively new properties. Microreinforcing building fiber - VSM (synthetic fiber, fiber) is a multifunctional reinforcing additive for concrete and mortar.
Constructive decisions on the arrangement of the base for floors in the formmonolithic floating screed
additionally include as constituent elements of the screed polyethylene film, insulating (damper tapes) and heat and sound insulating materials (Fig. 8-11).
Fig.8. soundproof underlay
Fig.9. Penoplex
Fig.10. Polyethylene film
Fig.11. damper tape
Applied equipment and tools:
Pneumatic mortar pump with a hopper for the preparation of a semi-dry screed, manufactured by Brinkman, Putzmeister, Germany, electric smoothing (grinding) machines, a laser level, rules, etc. small tool(Fig.12-14).
Fig.12. laser level
Fig.13. Pneumatic mortar pump with a hopper for the preparation of a semi-dry screed
Fig.14. Electric smoothing (grinding) machine
3. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF PERFORMING WORKS ON THE DEVICE OF FLOOR SCREED
3.1. Cleaning of the surface of the underlying layer is performed before laying the cement-sand mortar. The base surface is inspected, thoroughly cleaned of debris and foreign deposits, dust is removed using industrial vacuum cleaner, the horizontalness of the base and the correctness of the slopes are checked, grease spots are removed, if there are cracks in the base, the cracks are expanded and filled with a repair compound, the gaps between the prefabricated slabs are sealed. The base must be clean, solid, free from delamination.
3.2. Taking marks. The level of the finished floor is carried out by surveyors using a laser level. In this case, it should be noted that the level of the clean floor must be the same in all rooms of the apartment or part of the floor located between adjacent staircases.
3.3. insulating seams. In order to prevent the transfer of deformations to the floor screed from the building structures along the walls, around the columns and foundations, insulating joints are arranged by laying insulating material (damper tapes made of polyethylene foam, isolon, isocom) with a thickness of 4-8 mm to the entire height of the screed immediately before laying the mortar.
3.4. Screed preparation. The place for installation of a compressor, pneumatic transport specialized equipment for the preparation and supply of the mixture, the place for storing building materials should be indicated in the project for the production of works or agreed with the Customer. The required area for placing equipment and materials is from 30 to 50 m. A semi-dry screed is prepared directly on the construction site or at the work site.
When preparing a screed in a mechanized way using fiberglass, certain requirements are met, the ratio of the volume of sand to the volume of cement, which should be 3: 1, under the strict condition that the washed seeded sand corresponds to a fraction with a fineness modulus of 2-3 mm. Standard pneumatic conveying equipment has a mixing hopper volume of 250 liters, according to the actual volume of the finished mixture 200 liters. The minimum amount of cement per hopper load should not be less than 50 kg (1 standard bag). The water-cement ratio is in the range of 0.34-0.45, which corresponds to 17-24 liters of water per hopper load.
The loading of sand, cement and water is carried out in two stages. First stage: first loadingvolume of sand (about 75 kg) and 50 kg bag of cement. Next, 10-12 liters of water and polypropylene fiber are added. The second stage: the final loading of the working bunker is carried out with sand about 100 kg and the required amount of water about 7-12 liters, as well as fiber. The consumption of the used polypropylene fiber is about 120-150 grams for a full load of the bunker, i.e. per batch at the rate of 700-900 grams per cubic meter of the prepared solution. Fibrin is added with each proportion of water. The fully loaded mass is mixed for at least two minutes. The total operating time of the mixing hopper, taking into account the loading time, is from 4 to 7 minutes.
3.5. Supply of solution to the place of laying. The prepared cement-sand mortar under pressure, in portions through rubber hoses, is supplied directly to the installation site and placed on the base through a mortar quencher. On large areas, floor screed is carried out with cards. The size of the map is determined by the performance of the working link, i.e. floor area laid in one work shift. The feeding time of the prepared solution should not exceed 5 minutes. Depending on the type of equipment, feeding can be carried out at a distance of up to 160 meters horizontally and 100 meters in height. If necessary, deliver the solution to a distance of more than 100 meters, the delivery time can take up to 7-15 minutes. At a negative temperature of the outside air, not exceeding minus 10°C, the preparation and supply of the solution is possible with the obligatory device of the so-called "greenhouse" at the installation site of the compressor, pneumatic transport specialized equipment.
3.6. Installation of lighthouses and laying of cement-sand mortar. The device of beacons is made from a freshly prepared solution with preliminary alignment with a level without installing guides (Fig. 15).
Fig.15. Installation of lighthouses and laying of cement-sand mortar
After the cement-sand semi-dry mixture (mortar) is supplied to the work site, the entire volume of the prepared map is filled with the mixture. The mixture is pulled out by a screed rule, moved with two-sided support on these beacons until a flat surface is obtained. In the process of work, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the exposed beacons. The leveling of the surface and the installation of beacons is carried out simultaneously, which ensures the uniformity of laying and, in the future, the complete absence of cracks.
3.7. Grinding the surface of the screed (Fig. 16). Work on grinding the surface must be started immediately after leveling the mortar and completed before the mortar starts to set within 1.5-2 hours from the moment of filing. Surface grinding should be done with a trowel equipped with a leveling disc, and in special shoes - concrete shoes.
Fig.16. Grinding the surface of the screed
3.8. Cutting expansion joints (Fig. 17). To prevent chaotic cracking of the screed during hardening and curing, it is necessary to cut expansion joints, as a result of which the screed cracks in a given direction. There are three main types of expansion joints:
insulating seams;
Shrink seams;
Structural seams.
It is more expedient to cut shrinkage seams in a freshly laid solution with a special cutter after processing the surface of the solution with a trowel. The seams must be cut along the axes of the columns and joined with the corners of the seams running along the perimeter of the columns. The floor map formed by shrinkage joints is cut into squares if possible. The length of the card should not exceed the width by more than 1.5 times. The depth of the seam should be 1/3 of the thickness of the screed. The seams allow you to create straight planes of slack in the screed. Obviously, the smaller the map, the lower the chance of chaotic cracking.
Fig.17. Cutting expansion joints
Structural seams are tripled in places where work on laying the screed of the working link per shift ends. Structural joints work on the principle of shrinkage and, if possible, should be combined.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE QUALITY OF WORK
4.1. Acceptance of work on the installation of screeds is carried out in accordance with the requirements of SP 29.13330.2011 Floors. Updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88 (section 8 Screed (base for flooring)).
4.2. The smallest thickness of a cement-sand or concrete screed to create a slope at the junction with sewer trays, channels and ladders should be: when laying it on floor slabs - 20 mm, on a heat and sound insulating layer - 40 mm. The thickness of the screed for covering pipelines (including those in heated floors) must be at least 45 mm greater than the diameter of the pipelines.
4.3. To level the surface of the underlying layer and cover the pipelines, as well as to create a slope on the ceiling, monolithic screeds made of concrete of a class not lower than B12.5 or from cement-sand mortars based on dry building floor mixes on a cement binder with a compressive strength of at least 15 MPa.
4.4. The thickness of monolithic screeds from dispersed self-compacting mortars based on dry mixes of building floor with cement binder, used to level the surface of the underlying layer, must be at least 1.5 diameters of the maximum filler contained in the composition.
4.5. Adhesion strength (adhesion) of screeds based on cement binder to tear off with concrete base at the age of 28 days should be at least 0.6 MPa. The adhesion strength of the hardened mortar (concrete) with the concrete base after 7 days should be at least 50% of the design.
4.6. In places where screeds, made on sound-proof gaskets or backfills, are mated with other structures (walls, partitions, pipelines passing through floors, etc.), gaps 25-30 mm wide must be provided for the entire thickness of the screed, filled soundproof material.
4.7. In rooms, during the operation of which differences in air temperature are possible (positive and negative), in cement-sand or concrete screed it is necessary to provide for expansion joints, which must coincide with the axes of the columns, the seams of floor slabs, expansion joints in the underlying layer. Expansion seams must be embroidered with a polymeric elastic composition.
4.8. In the screeds of heated floors, it is necessary to provide expansion joints cut in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The seams are cut through the entire thickness of the screed and embroidered with a polymeric elastic composition. The step of expansion joints should be no more than 6 m.
5. NEED FOR MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES
5.1. Sand for construction work. GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications (as amended).
5.2. GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. "Technical conditions".
5.3. GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixes. Specifications.
5.4. Change N 1 GOST 28013-98 Building mortars. General specifications.
5.5. The need for tools, equipment and fixtures is given in Table 1.
Table 1
Necessary equipment and tool
Np/p
Equipment for the preparation and supply of solutions
Unit ch., pcs.
Quantity
Mortar pump (pneumatic blower)
PC.
Screed grouting machine
PC.
Seam cutting machine (seam cutter)
PC.
Industrial vacuum cleaner
PC.
Rake-rule length 3 m
PC.
Rail control
PC.
Construction level
PC.
Laser level
PC.
Base Scraper
PC.
Shovel type LP
PC.
Technical water tank
PC.
Bucket
PC.
6. SAFETY AND HEALTH
6.1. Prior to the start of work on the installation of screeds, the person responsible for the production is obliged to ensure that the workers are instructed and the necessary overalls and means are issued. personal protection. When performing work, it is necessary to comply with the safety regulations set forth in SNiP 12-03-2001 Occupational safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements and SNiP 12-04-2002 Occupational safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production.
6.2. Special attention should pay attention to the following:
Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, have a certain qualification, know the device and design features of the equipment, and have a certificate for the right to service them are allowed to service installations and mechanisms;
According to the rules technical operation electrical installations of consumers" installations must have their own grounding center.
6.3. Before starting work, the driver must:
Carry out an external inspection of the installation;
Check the serviceability of electrical wiring and grounding;
Check the alarm system for workplaces.
6.4. During work, the driver must:
Start and stop the supply of the solution only on a signal from the workplace;
Serve the solution only after thorough mixing.
6.5. Persons who have undergone special training and have a certificate for the right to operate are allowed to operate and maintain the equipment. Pressure gauges and safety valves must be sealed. Maintenance of the trowel should be entrusted to a worker familiar with the operating instructions. The electrical connection of the machine must be carried out by an electrician.
7. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS
FER 81-02-11-2001 State estimated standards. Federal unit rates for construction and special construction works. Part 11: Floors
BIBLIOGRAPHY
SP 29.13330.2011 Floors. Updated edition of SNiP 2.03.13-88.
Floors. Code of rules (in development of SNiP 2.03.13-88 "Floors" and SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulating and finishing coatings").
GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications (as amended).
GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. Specifications.
GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixes. Specifications.
Change N 1 GOST 28013-98 Building mortars. General specifications.
SNiP 12-03-2001 Occupational safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements.
SNiP 12-04-2002 Occupational safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production.
SP 48.13330.2011 Organization of construction. Updated edition of SNiP 12-01-2004.
SP 50.13330.2012 Thermal protection of buildings. Updated edition of SNiP 23-02-2003.
GOST 12.1.044-89 SSBT. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination.
GOST 12.2.003-91 SSBT. Production equipment. General safety requirements.
GOST R 12.1.019-2009 SSBT. Electrical safety. General requirements and nomenclature of types of protection.
GOST 12.1.003-83 SSBT. Noise. General safety requirements.
GOST 12.1.004-91 SSBT. Fire safety. General requirements.
GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air working area.
GOST 12.4.011-89 SSBT. Means of protection for workers. General requirements and classification.
GOST 12.2.013.0-91 SSBT. Machines manual electric. General safety requirements and test methods.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390 On the fire regime.
ST SRO OSMO-2-001-2010 Self-regulation standard. Electrical safety. General requirements at production facilities of organizations performing work that affect the safety of capital construction projects.
Norm DIN-EN 13813 "Screed material and floor screeds - Screed materials - Properties and requirements"
