amateur associations. Amateur associations and interest clubs: essence, features and types
The established practice of formation and activity of amateur associations and interest clubs is presented as a collective carrier of interest. They are characterized by free pastime, including public and private interest.
The time of “perestroika” within the country and its positive and negative sides ambiguously perceived by the people. A significant reduction in public investment in the development of children's and youth, youth leisure institutions opened the way for the progressive growth of juvenile and youth crime. In search of various means of increasing the efficiency of educating the younger generation, the possibility of expanding the scope of leisure, special attention is paid to amateur associations, interest clubs, and work in the community. An important factor noted by many theorists and practitioners in the field of the sociocultural sphere is the inclusion of the population in different kinds activities. In many regions, support and stimulation of creative initiatives of various age groups population.
TO existing species associations include: initiative clubs, club associations (circles, studios, sections, etc.), interest clubs, amateur associations, etc. New organizational forms of clubs are being developed - children's, multidisciplinary leisure, family communication, working according to author's programs. There are many of them and they are divided depending on the target setting, on age characteristics, and most importantly, on areas of activity. “The destroyed amateur-educational and social-leisure infrastructure is now being revived in the form of schools - complexes, courtyard clubs, pedagogical and psychological-methodological associations, counseling centers, etc.” . There are also separate types of clubs, which are still very few, - community clubs, youth leisure centers.
In the city of Tambov and its region in 2000-2001, there has been a slight reduction in amateur associations, interest clubs, circles, and studios. A noticeable re-profiling of many cultural centers into commercial structures resulted in a reduction in the activities of many club associations, there was an outflow of professional leaders of amateur art activities, and enthusiasts of the socio-cultural sphere. Along with this, the active work of the Houses of creativity, the station of young naturalists, clubs at the place of residence, public organizations, studios and interest clubs at educational institutions of the city. All of them have a different focus of activity.
Let us consider the main types of amateur associations and interest clubs, which are officially fixed in the regulation on amateur associations and interest clubs (1986).
1. Socio-political (political clubs, clubs of voters, clubs of philosophers, clubs of international affairs, clubs of revolutionary and military glory, information and educational clubs, legal, international friendship, warriors of defenders). Work on the organization of these various clubs is carried out in parks, museums, hostels, enterprises, green areas at the place of residence, in the Houses of Culture. In many cities of Russia there are youth social and political clubs that organize meetings with veterans and create search teams. Museums of military glory have been created at many schools. The regional socio-political movement "Revival of the Tambov Region" operates in Tambov. A lot of work in this direction is being carried out by the Committee for Youth Affairs under the administration of the region, on the basis of which the comprehensive program "Youth" operates. The main section of the program is to promote the civic and patriotic education of young people. Within the framework of this direction, major events are held - festivals of soldiers' songs, meetings with veterans and more. In modern Russia, radical changes are taking place in all spheres of society. We are witnessing a change in public opinion, along with a change in the value system. Today, more and more attention has been paid to human values and personal needs in the field of education. This, in turn, led to greater differentiation educational institutions and services that are cause and effect of social stratification. It becomes obvious that the most urgent need of the state and society is to educate Russian citizens in the spirit of democratic values, who could actively participate in building the rule of law.
At present, it is necessary to find a balance between the needs of each person, social groups, regions, etc. and the need to ensure national security, especially since now both the regions and each educational institution are free to choose their own path of development. A similar balance must also be maintained between the preservation of traditions and the renewal of the content of education. One of the urgent tasks of educating young people is the formation of a culture of peace, which requires comprehensive action in the field of education, culture and social development, the ultimate goal of which is to make the culture of peace inseparable from culture in general, so that it is deeply rooted in the minds and hearts of people. Political leaders, figures of science, culture and education play a paramount role in spreading the ideas of a culture of peace.
Education and upbringing of youth as a holistic pedagogical process, appearing in the form of a wide variety of organizational and methodological manifestations that have a constructive impact on the emerging personality of a particular young person and on young people as a whole as a social group, is the main tool for building a culture of peace. It is necessary to use all aspects of education: content, forms, methods, organization, relations between the administration, teachers and students, between educational institutions and families - to actively promote the development and strengthening in the minds of people of the ideas of tolerance, good neighborliness, equality. Education of youth in the spirit of a culture of peace is a multi-level system of adaptation of the individual to the conditions of society and a way of actively transforming one's own life activity into specific situation influenced by the formative principles of a culture of peace.
In this regard, the development of programs for the formation of a culture of peace takes into account the specifics of different age groups, starting from preschool age, since the foundations of education are laid in early childhood. The absence of such programs and methods for education in the spirit of peace from an early age negatively affects the process of shaping the worldview and behavior of children and further leads to the perception of the world through the prism of militant relations, since society at this stage of development is characterized by aggressiveness. The leading role in education should be played by higher educational institutions, especially those involved in the training of teachers, psychologists, and social and cultural workers.
Over the course of three years, we have been conducting an experimental scientific study devoted to the study of the socio-pedagogical problems of education and upbringing of young people in the spirit of a culture of peace. The developed and tested in practice program of the training course "Culture of Peace" made it possible to acquaint students with the following problems:
· the historical development of the problem of peace and the experience of international cooperation in this direction;
· the process of developing the concepts of a culture of peace abroad and in Russia;
· consider the main stages of the spread of the movement "On the way to a culture of peace";
· to acquaint with the socio-pedagogical problems of education and upbringing of youth in the spirit of a culture of peace;
· consider methods of popularization and dissemination of the idea of a culture of peace and non-violence.
In addition, the UNESCO club "Juno" was created at TSU, which was the center of the spiritual life of students and graduate students, involving young people in the world of culture and peacemaking.
Club members developed and implemented cultural and leisure programs for institutions of the socio-cultural sphere, which made it possible to acquaint workers of various social institutions with the main problems that arise on the way to a culture of peace.
The main activities of the club are:
Expansion of the content of educational programs and training courses.
· Interaction and correspondence with Universities – UNESCO Clubs in Russia and abroad.
· Study of various cultures of the peoples of the world.
· Conducting seminars and scientific-practical conferences.
· Participation in the study, protection and use of the cultural and historical heritage of the native land.
Organization of holidays, concerts, festivals.
· Collection of folklore material, antiquities.
· Organization of exhibitions, competitions of artistic and decorative arts.
· Interaction with various centers of children's and youth creativity.
Organization of seminars, lectures, conferences for teachers additional education and organizers of social and cultural activities.
· Participation in summer recreational activities for children.
Thus, a clear identification of the socio-pedagogical aspect of education and upbringing of youth in the spirit of a culture of peace both in educational institutions and socio-cultural institutions, as well as the comprehensive development and implementation of training course programs, make it possible to achieve an understanding of the possibility of human development in accordance with the concept of culture of the world, as an alternative to the existing direction of development, which in turn is a determining factor in the way out of humanity from the current comprehensive crisis.
Recently, the military sports game "Zarnitsa" has begun to revive, which is successfully taking place in many cities and districts of the Tambov region. An interesting experience was the creation in 1991 of the school of "democratic culture", which initially took shape as a movement of young parliamentarians, and then grew into an Association. These are 24 organizations that operate in 41 regions - the Moscow region, Kemerovo, Orenburg, Perm, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Krasnodar, Ryazan, Yekaterinburg and a number of other Russian cities. The movement considers its goal the formation of citizenship in the younger generation, and the end result should be the self-determination of the members of the association through effective democracy. This Association unites high school students of public and private schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, clubs. Here they strive for an in-depth study of political science, economics, and law; in its ranks are teachers of the above educational institutions, graduate students of the Association, as well as scientists, primarily specialists in the field of pedagogy, history, law, and political science.
Recently, there has been a noticeable tendency towards integration of various clubs and groups in solving some common problems. And here a significant role is played by ecological, historical-patriotic and national-cultural associations. Civil and patriotic education of youth has always been a priority for organizations working with children and youth.
The Committees on Youth Affairs, which are currently operating throughout Russia, are no exception, and they are doing a lot of work in this direction. In order to more fully show all the variety of leisure orientations of the younger generation in terms of socio-political education, we will cite as an illustration only some fragments from the information of the Committee on Youth Affairs of the Administration of the Tambov Region about this activity in 1997. These materials indicate that work on the socio-political and patriotic education of young people was carried out in several directions. This is, first of all, the work of the regional search charitable center "Seeker", formed from students and schoolchildren from the city of Tambov, who repeatedly traveled to the Bryansk, Kaluga and Smolensk regions in order to search for burial places of the remains Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War. Secondly, the work of the military-patriotic club of the landing profile "Reid" continued, in which more than 50 cadets of military schools are engaged. A military-patriotic club of the border profile was also created. Thirdly, the Committee for Youth Affairs, together with the Search Center "Iskatel", organized and held the IX International Youth Camp for the care of war graves, in which more than 40 young people from Germany, England, and Russia took part.
2. Production and technical (clubs technical creativity– radio, modeling, automotive, karting, etc.; design; construction and design; computer technology; professional clubs, etc.). An attractive, but still inaccessible direction is technical creativity. The participation of adolescents and young people in technical creativity contributes not only to the formation of a versatile technical culture, skills of constructive thinking and activity, but also expands knowledge in other types of science and technology.
Forms of participation of cultural, leisure and out-of-school institutions in the dissemination of technical creativity may be different. Undoubtedly, the development of this type of creativity depends on the interest administrative bodies and the availability of professional staff (managers, teachers, social activists). Today, we can no longer always talk about the development of technical creativity in children and adolescents, which quite recently was part of the general educational pedagogical process of many cultural and leisure institutions. Nevertheless, a club of radio amateurs has been operating at the Tambov Academy of Childhood for 40 years. In 1961, four of them were created in the region at once. Currently, there is a collective radio station of the Academy of Childhood, which is one of the best in Russia and the leader in the Tambov region. There is also a children's radio station for collective use, which has as its task the professional orientation of schoolchildren and students in acquiring the necessary skills of radio operators. Here is carried out practical work on conducting radio communications, preparing and participating in radiosport competitions. Participants of the children's radio station learn the basics of radio engineering, electronics, acquire practical skills in radio design, work with electrical measuring instruments. They study the telegraphic alphabet and foreign languages for conducting amateur radio communications, acquire the skills of operator work on the air. In the existing department of technical creativity and sports, there are children's associations - teleradio mechanics, a school for young pilots, computer training, office work and programming.
Today, the most popular are computer clubs, which are created in many educational institutions, houses of culture, academies of childhood. Fans sit for hours at computers that attract teenagers and young people with game programs, creating new images - scoring an instrumental orchestra, composing music for any verses, creating films and animations. Work on the development of scientific and technical creativity in higher educational institutions and lyceums has been well organized. So, for example, under the guidance of graduate students and students of the Technical University (TSTU), schoolchildren also take part in the innovations of the student design bureau. At TSTU there is a council of VOIR (All-Russian Society of Inventors and Innovators). Council members are organizers of city, regional and zonal exhibitions-fairs of inventions and competitions of innovations of students, students and young scientists. However, there are a number of reasons that do not allow young people to actively engage in this type of creativity. Such reasons include:
1) the lack of the necessary material and technical base, from adapted premises to necessary materials and tools;
2) the absence of coordinating councils, centers that could unite people capable of technical creativity;
3) low-paid position of the head.
Clubs of a natural-science orientation. Among them, there are more often clubs of nature lovers, breeders, flower growers and gardeners, animal lovers, poultry farmers, dog breeders, aquarists, clubs of gardeners, beekeepers, hunters, clubs of lovers of astronomy, mathematics, physics and much more.
A variety of forms and methods of search and research work attracts a large number of children to libraries, museums, clubs, where teenagers can meet with participants in local history and environmental expeditions, become eyewitnesses of various events, independently conduct local history observations, and work in museum funds. Recently, among schoolchildren and students, participation in expeditions of scientific institutions and public organizations has become popular. They initiate labor landings, beautification of monuments and memorial sites, environmental protection work.
Serious concern about environmental problems is at the center of attention of many foreign and Russian scientists. The last 80 years have been declared by UNESCO as years of environmental education and upbringing. In order to form an ecological culture of the younger generation, various measures are taken by educational institutions, socio-cultural institutions. Among them, the most important are:
· Creation of a system of continuous environmental education and upbringing;
· revision of training courses on ecology and introduction of sections "ecological culture" and "environmental ethics";
· training and advanced training of specialists in environmental and valeological education.
This work should begin already from preschool age, and here amateur associations and clubs of ecological interests can be of great help. The experience of such associations exists in many regions of Russia. Let us dwell on the work of environmental clubs for young children who work under the Ecology and Children program. It is based on the development of a system of activities of children's and youth environmental associations in the region, capable of choosing feasible environmental problems and solving them. Let's name the main areas of activity that the participants of these clubs are trying to solve:
communication with nature. Along the way, young ecologists and their leaders will have to return to the original understanding that sparrows and dandelions are just as interesting as people;
observation of what is happening in nature;
Monitoring the state of the environment - environmental monitoring;
· environmental games that make it possible to make environmental ties, laws, problems more accessible to children and youth;
· business games. The purpose of these games is to simulate real situations in human relationships in resolving environmental conflicts;
collection and analysis of environmental information;
· environmental actions, which may include operations "Spruce", "Primrose", "Clean Water" and much more.
At the same time, it should be noted that the main tasks of such clubs are the need to awaken in the younger generation the desire to study the laws of ecology. And for this, it is necessary to observe the legal and ethical norms of attitude towards nature; to deepen knowledge about the environment of the native land; contribute to the formation of an ecological clean zone at the place of residence.
4. Physical culture and health-improving associations include: hardening clubs, joggers, tourism clubs, "fans" clubs, history of sports, diving, chess and checkers, clubs for folk sports entertainment and games, hang gliding, etc.
The sphere of free time represents a huge opportunity for a person to choose directions of activity. All of them are carried out in different ways - on vacation or as a result of work, which are united by the concept of "leisure".
The problem of improving the health of different age groups of the population has always been topical, and special attention was paid to organizational work with the younger generation. Today, this is the main goal of all educational and extracurricular institutions, various associations, since medical research recent years indicate that every second child has quite serious health problems. It is necessary to start work in this direction with the family, kindergarten - this is hardening, visiting sports sections and cultivating a culture of self-healing. An example of physical self-improvement of adolescents and youth can be called the clubs "Athlete", "Silver Spokes", "Phoenix" operating at the City Center for Work with Children and Youth in the city of Tambov. Professional leaders, together with the coaches of sports schools, create conditions for sports, develop the physical abilities of children through special exercises and simulators. A new form of health improvement for young children (from four years old) is the developed special program "Goliath" (club "Phoenix"), which includes, in addition to physical training, games, participation in cultural and leisure activities, acquaintance with the basics of various martial arts. Courage, love for their homeland, their loved ones, friendship and mutual assistance are brought up in the children. Here they accept all the weak and not prepared for sports, since the main goal of the club is to create conditions for the intellectual and physical development of a full-fledged citizen.
5. Associations of collectors-gatherers exist everywhere today. Adults and children collect a wide variety of things, ranging from candy wrappers and match labels to videos and paintings. And if before the clubs of collectors belonged to associations of artistic orientation, then with the adoption of a new regulation on interest clubs and amateur associations in 1986, collectors separated into a separate group. Today there are clubs of philatelists, philafonists, philocartists, numismatists and many others.
The creative activity of a Tambov resident, an amateur collector, an art critic, an associate professor of the Department of Cultural Studies at the Institute of Culture and Art of the TSU named after G.R. Derzhavin Ivan Ivanovich Alpatsky. In his home collection there are postcards with reproductions of paintings by Russian and foreign artists (about 20 thousand copies, among them 3 thousand pre-revolutionary ones). He collects art medals dedicated to the anniversaries of famous people or memorable events (about 300). Among its numerous collection there are about 10 thousand books - on art history, memoirs, local history literature. There are more than 2 thousand labels from matchboxes, a collection of bookplates and much more. With the collected collections of I.I. Alpatsky constantly introduces university students, schoolchildren, arranges exhibitions. For 20 years he was chairman of the city's book club.
Associations of artistic orientation (lovers of music, theater, cinema, fine arts, literature, dance, song, photography, arts and crafts, folklore clubs, etc.).
The range of genres of art in amateur groups is great - circles, studios, amateur associations, interest clubs that contribute to the development of amateur performances and initiatives of the masses. They apply and use various forms of organized leisure, which contribute to the familiarization of the unorganized population to participate in socio-cultural activities in the field of free time. Thus, the forms of organization of folklore groups bring special independence to the regions, include a variety of types and genres of creativity. If there is a folklore singing hobby, members of club associations can learn the basics: playing on spoons, rattles; dance moves; tailoring and decorating your costume; take part in mass games and fun.
Associations of artistic orientation are most often divided into two groups: educational and creative and art criticism. In turn educational and creative are divided into author's and performing teams. these two groups of associations are shown in Fig. 4.
The activation of the individual in the sphere of free time, the development of amateur cultural activity of the masses complicates the functions of club artistic and creative groups. The cultural amateur performance of the masses is realized in cultural and leisure activities and is provided by the entire system of social and cultural institutions of the country, for which creative development personality is one of the most important problems.
Rice. 4. Types of artistic associations
If amateur performances were previously dominated by performing types, in which the creative principle consisted only in the interpretation of the author's intention, today it includes the creative activity of the individual to create original artistic values. Now the author's types of artistic creativity, such as writing, playing music, filming, drawing, making folk crafts, etc., are becoming more widespread. This circumstance, in turn, modifies amateur art activity in cultural and leisure institutions in terms of forms, requires it to be more systematic, puts on the agenda more and more insistently the question of preliminary preparation person to art. It also reveals questions about the development of inclinations and abilities for one or another type of artistic creativity in childhood, about the creation of a unified system of artistic education of the individual in schools and out-of-school institutions, primarily clubs.
Particular attention should be paid to the preparation of students of the department of socio-cultural activities to work with problem groups of the population. The statistics of recent years shows that among us there are many people with intellectual disabilities who have the right to develop and embody their creative abilities. The involvement of such a contingent (mentally disabled) in the sphere of leisure contributes to the formation of individual creative abilities that help them express themselves in various forms of artistic creativity.
The favorable impact of art helps to feel satisfaction for those who are laconic, have difficulties in linguistic expression. “The pictorial power manifested in a work of art is an expression of the exceptional personality of the creator, regardless, for example, of the indicator of intelligence. In this, all artists are equal. Creativity, the driving force behind the artistic process, cannot be identified with intellectuality. They and the results they bring are neither prudent nor unreasonable, neither intelligent nor stupid - they correspond to the individual possibilities and means of the artist's language. Creative creative power exists regardless of intellectual ability or mental limitations. Individually, in different ways, in different areas and to different extents, a person develops his talents. This is due only to creative inclinations and the social conditions in which the artist works. There are many examples when a mentally handicapped artist receives a review of his work. His work is admired and criticized. This creates a favorable atmosphere of benevolence, where the respectful attitude of the surrounding people towards a mentally limited person gives strength to new creativity, the opportunity to feel one's self-respect and the usefulness of existence. It is necessary to promote various projects and to finance them from the social sphere, the healthcare sector, the cultural budget and the local budget.
It is important to hold exhibitions where, along with ordinary artists, mentally limited artists could exhibit expositions. Organize workshops as institutions for the inclusion of mentally handicapped people in working life. Create conditions for the embodiment of artistic ideas of mentally limited people (room, private rooms in hostels, houses, boarding schools). It is important to create circles in microdistricts at teenage clubs that once a week for two to three hours of artistic activity. It is possible to create centers where, simultaneously with groups of people without mental limitations, five to ten people with problems in mental development would be engaged. It is possible to involve the Houses of Creativity of the Districts in this work. Forms of organization can be: visits to public workshops; cooperation with music schools (classes for classes with mentally handicapped people and joint groups), theater groups, folk music ensembles; creative weeks, etc.
The current trend in the development of interest clubs and amateur associations is also manifested in the growing role of various exhibitions, reviews, and competitions. They are clear evidence of profound social transformations in our society. However, the exhibitions reflect only a general picture of the state of the art form of creativity, behind which many problems that exist in the organization of the amateur movement are not visible. The activities of all interest clubs and amateur associations are carried out in the following main types: educational, propaganda, educational and research, collection and organizing, which is enshrined in the regulation on interest clubs and amateur associations for 1986. In general, speaking about the work of amateur associations, it can be noted that today multifunctional associations operate everywhere - these are clubs for war and labor veterans, adolescents and youth, young families over 30, psychological assistance, sobriety, family vacations, etc. So, for example, clubs that organize leisure activities for teenagers and young people are clubs at the place of residence that have an additional focus on activities. Along with the main areas listed by us, they use a variety of forms and methods of activity, various programs and projects are being implemented.
A.I. Luchankin and A.A. Snyatsky, considering the current priorities of practical club work with teenagers and youth in clubs at the place of residence, they single out additional areas along with the main ones. This:
1. Applied art(chasing, macrame, soft toy, pyrography, tatting, etc.).
2. Sports and tourism(tourism, sports sections, chess, civil defense).
3. Cultural and educational(literary salon, local history, educational associations, intellectual clubs, etc.).
4. Psychological and communicative direction(groups of meetings and communication, training programs and family clubs, etc.).
5. Military patriotic.
6. Ecological and natural history(cynological station, circle "Young biologist", ecology, etc.).
7. Leisure direction(game library, festive themed events, etc.).
8. Socio-pedagogical(organization of children's groups, individual work with teenagers who have difficulties with school and family, with employment, comprehensive summer camps, etc.).
These types of activities are implemented in children's multidisciplinary leisure and family clubs, communication clubs.
The modern representation of the typology of clubness in the place of residence are meeting clubs, interest clubs, community clubs. So, for example, on the basis of the City Center for Work with Children and Youth of the Committee for Children and Youth Affairs of the Mayor's Office of Tambov, there are currently 28 teenage clubs where interesting socially useful leisure time for children is organized. Since 1998, an intellectual game club for high school students has been operating at the Center, which sets the following tasks: the development of erudition in children, the deepening of knowledge in various fields of knowledge, the development of the child's creative potential during the game, the development of communication skills in children, raising the status of an erudite person. Club teams are formed on the basis of educational institutions, where they go through several stages, and the result is the formation of Leagues. A new form of cooperation between children and parents has been developed in the club - holding joint meetings of the club of intellectual games, evenings of rest, holidays and hikes. At teenage clubs there are circles, sections of various directions, they are led by competent specialists. There are also hobby clubs, where enthusiastic leaders rally teenagers and youth around themselves, involve parents and the local population in the activities of the clubs.
Thus, with all the variety of amateur activities, it is important to note the involvement of various groups of the population that are of interest to us in one way or another in forms of cultural and leisure activities, in accordance with experience and training. It is in the process of activity that a personality is formed, interpersonal communication takes place, and all this is influenced by art, an amateur search for truth, and motivation for socially useful activities.
Control questions
1. Name the main types of amateur associations and clubs and clubs of interest.
2. Give brief description every kind of amateur associations.
3. Describe the socio-artistic (creative) portrait of the artist, poet on a specific example.
4. What are the modern priorities of practical club work with teenagers and young people in clubs at the place of residence.
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The Regulation on an amateur association and an interest club adopted back in 1986 states that an amateur association, an interest club are an organized form of public amateur performance of the population, created on the basis of voluntariness, common creative interests and individual membership of participants, in order to satisfy diverse spiritual needs and interests of people in the sphere of free time.
The term "amateur" today refers to such a state of activity, due to which self-confidence increases, faith in one's ability to "create", to strive for a specific moral goal is strengthened.
Amateur activities enrich society with new creative people. As a result, they create material and spiritual values. In the process of amateur activity, a person creates his own microenvironment, thereby relieving tension and stress. Love is a kind of departure from the monotony of reality. It is not connected with the realization of achievements in professional activity. However, amateurism is not only recreation, but also labor, since the individual is busy with labor as a result of recreation. This is active relaxation, switching to the area that is not affected by the main type of human life, his profession. The amateur - the creator - "is his own master", "his own director", creating his own world, manifesting itself in individual and mass forms. The world created in the process of creativity is connected with everyday reality and the inner subjective world of a person. Creative necessity, representing the inner state of human cognition, is expressed in the ability of the imagination and is one of the ways to artistic education.
The terms "amateur creativity" and "amateur art" that are widely used today first appeared at the end of the 19th century and characterized the significant interest of various sections of Russian society in artistic creativity. This was due to the massive introduction into the culture and life of Russian society of organized forms of classes in various types of amateur art (theaters, brass bands and orchestras folk instruments, choirs, fine arts, applied arts). It was a widely planned program to include the masses in various types of creativity, since it was in it that one could find ways out of the crisis in solving many social problems (the fight against drunkenness, unemployment). Within the framework of folk art, a variety of forms and genres appeared already then, such as mass celebrations, fairs, theatrical performances, ditties, folk dances, folk instrumental performances, chamber plays, couplet songs and much more. This also includes organized holidays and exhibitions, where amateurs took direct part, acting as organizers of various areas of activity in culture. They influenced various aspects of life, both participants and spectators.
Many researchers come to the conclusion that it is folklore that is one of the initial forms of artistic culture that exists at the professional and amateur levels of creativity.
Amateurs are those who "grow" into the sphere of cultural and creative activity, where there are traditions of folk art. The assimilation of cultural traditions and artistic forms of activity, namely amateur ones (singing, playing music, doing arts and crafts, etc.) is a guideline for the activity of an amateur. Self-activity in the process of cognition is transformed into aesthetic beliefs, norms and principles of behavior. Its main, unchanged core is the human individuality, which encourages a person to move, to strive to prove himself in creative work. Artistic creativity of amateurs most of all tends to individual forms of cultural and leisure activities, however, it can also include collective forms (amateur activities).
Amateur organizations, namely amateur associations and interest clubs, have a higher form of intra-club associations. They are based on the satisfaction of moral, internal needs and abilities of the individual.
In amateur associations, desire, enthusiasm are evaluated, including a person in organizational activities by means of artistic creativity. Passion for artistic creativity in such groups forms new abilities, as there are groups of people who have much in common, regardless of the level of giftedness. It is “interest”, “passion” in artistic creativity that can give a significant result that will be unique, original and direct. Its final manifestation is various forms of presenting creativity to the audience and listeners.
Based on the analysis of various approaches to the problem of amateur creativity, E.I. Grigoryeva offers her own definition of amateur associations and interest clubs. An amateur association is a collection of amateur knowledge, hobbies, a source of spiritual enrichment of the individual, where a new sequential inclusion of the creative aspect of the activities of amateurs into the process of social experience takes place, including in the form of individual membership, in the implementation of self-development and self-education of each individual in free time space.
A club association, or an interest club, is a form of joint satisfaction of social and cultural needs (groups of similar interests; participation in circles, studios, clubs), while creating conditions for spiritual communication and encouraging amateur creativity, where many different amateur arts can organize themselves. associations.
The existing types of associations include: initiative clubs, club associations (circles, studios, sections, etc.), interest clubs, amateur associations, etc. New organizational forms of clubs are developing - children's, multidisciplinary leisure, family communication, working according to author's programs. There are many of them and they are divided depending on the target setting, on age characteristics, and most importantly, on the lines of activity.
Let us consider the main types of amateur associations and interest clubs, which are officially recorded in the Regulations on Amateur Associations and Interest Clubs (1986).
Socio-political (political clubs, clubs of voters, clubs of philosophers, clubs of international relations, clubs of revolutionary and military glory, information and educational clubs, legal, international friendship, warriors of defenders). Work on the organization of these various clubs is carried out in parks, museums, hostels, enterprises, green areas at the place of residence, in the Houses of Culture. Youth socio-political clubs operate in many cities of Russia, which organize meetings with veterans and create search teams. Museums of military glory have been created at many schools. In modern Russia, radical changes are taking place in all spheres of society. We are witnessing a change in public opinion, along with a change in the value system. Today, more and more attention has been paid to human values and personal needs in the field of education. This, in turn, has led to a greater differentiation of educational institutions and services, which are both cause and effect of the stratification of society. It becomes obvious that the most urgent need of the state and society is to educate Russian citizens in the spirit of democratic values, who could actively participate in building the rule of law.
At present, it is necessary to find a balance between the needs of each person, social groups, regions, etc. and the need to ensure national security, especially since now both the regions and each educational institution can freely choose their own path of development. A similar balance must also be maintained between the preservation of traditions and the renewal of the content of education. One of the urgent tasks of educating young people is the formation of a culture of peace, which requires comprehensive action in the field of education, culture and social development, the ultimate goal of which is to make the culture of peace inseparable from culture in general, so that it is deeply rooted in the minds and hearts of people. Political leaders, figures of science, culture and education play a paramount role in spreading the ideas of a culture of peace.
The education and upbringing of youth, as a holistic pedagogical process, appearing in the form of a wide variety of organizational and methodological manifestations that have a constructive impact on the emerging personality of a particular young person and on youth as a whole as a social group, is the main tool for building a culture of peace.
Control questions:
1. Describe the essence of amateur creativity.
2. Define the functions of amateur creativity.
3. Describe the main categories of amateur performance (according to E.I. Smirnova).
4. What types and genres of amateur performances does it offer
A.S. Kargin?
5. Give a classification of amateur art groups.
Basic literature: 1,3,4,5
Additional literature: 17,25,30,41,44,51,60,61,65,68,73,75,76
4.Amateur associations and interest clubs: essence, features and types
In the organization as a technological process, the characteristic features and principles of socio-cultural activity are most clearly manifested. Among them, V.Z. Dulikov highlights:
The situational principle, which manifests itself in the degree, nature and limits of organizational impact depending on the situation, the actual organization and self-organization;
the principle of partnership, manifested in the recognition of the equality of participants in the socio-cultural process, based on subject-subject relations;
the principle of constant action of the organizational factor, which is expressed in the degree of participation of the organizer in the socio-cultural process (active phase, phase of an equal participant or observer phase).
2. The essence of management in the socio-cultural sphere
The organization of socio-cultural activities is inseparable from its management, but they are based on both common and special features. Among the common things that unite the organization and management, one can note the common goals of achieving a positive result, and what distinguishes them is that management is more based on interaction and relationships between specialists, while the organization is based both on interaction between specialist organizers and ordinary people. event participants. As emphasized by V.Z. Dulikov, the organization is a view of the problem from the inside, while management is, as a rule, a view from above. Activity management involves certain strategic ways of implementation general plan, personnel, material and financial resources, while the organization process is aimed at the direct implementation of the goal.
The concept of "management" is the most universal and is used in those cases when the tasks of influencing a system or a person are solved in order to transfer them to a new quality based on the objective laws inherent in this system. Management in the socio-cultural sphere is based on the general laws of the theory and practice of management and is built on strictly scientific foundations. Among them, the cornerstones are: systematic, systematic, purposeful interaction of subjects of various levels (from the Ministry of Culture to houses of culture, clubs and libraries) in order to ensure a socio-cultural impact on the population, a group of residents of the microdistrict or each specific visitor of the event.
Management can be considered in statics - as a system of organizations representing the governing bodies. This management system performs the functions of regulation, coordination and control over the activities of socio-cultural institutions at various levels - federal, regional or local.
State governing bodies carry out licensing and accreditation of state and non-state cultural institutions, justify targeted financial and other costs for the needs and development of regional cultural institutions, develop standards for their financing, form the structures of these institutions, establish the procedure for attesting workers in the socio-cultural sphere and requirements for their qualifications .
An important function of organs government controlled is to exercise control over the activities of subordinate institutions, the implementation of state legislation in the field of culture, as well as budgetary and financial discipline.
Governing bodies have both external and internal structure. For example, the management of a state cultural institution - a scrap of culture of regional or local subordination is led by a director who is hired, can be appointed or elected to this position in accordance with the charter of the institution. The general management of an institution can also be carried out by a representative body - the council of a cultural institution, which is formed in accordance with the charter of this institution.
If we consider management in dynamics, then it is a process of functioning of the bodies and employees of the institution.
3. Management in technologies of social and cultural activities
Organization of their work.
2.2.1 . The concept of "club of interests", "amateur association".
An interest club or an amateur association is one of the traditional forms of association of people whose activities are aimed, through amateur performance and self-government, at the realization of their cultural and social interests, needs and socially significant initiatives.
The "Regulations on an amateur association and club of interest" gives the following definition:
An amateur association, an interest club is an organizational form of public amateur activity of the population, created on the basis of common creative interests and individual membership of participants in order to satisfy the diverse spiritual needs and interests of people in the field of free time.
The club is a voluntary communication of people. The club contributes to the improvement of people's knowledge in a particular branch of science, literature, art, personality development. A prerequisite for membership in the club is active participation in all the affairs of the club, friendly teamwork and recreation.
The concept of "association" (amateur, creative) means the same club, only with a different organizational and functional structure. An association is a series of people, sections or clubs united on the basis of a common interest or goal, included in it with a range of their individual or private tasks. The addition of the words "amateur", "according to interests" indicates that the basis of this type of clubs and associations is a person's interest in something, his enthusiasm, the creative potential inherent in him. All other names are "high school students" clubs, youth clubs, "poetry lovers" clubs, etc. are evidence of their differentiation according to certain characteristics or nature of activity. Differentiation provides a certain homogeneity of the audience, allows you to activate the interaction of people. It acts as the main functional feature and mechanism for the development of clubs and associations.
An amateur association differs from an interest club in its characteristics and purpose. The creation of an amateur association is also based on differentiation, but not on a number of grounds that ensure the homogeneity of the audience, but only on one ground - personal interest. Otherwise, the composition of amateur associations, as a rule, is the most diverse: in one association you can meet people of different sexes, ages, with different levels of education, representatives of different professions, workers and students. In an interest club, membership can be rapidly updated. Amateur associations have a fairly stable composition of members and represent a small social group. This contact Group, in the process of communication of which a certain commonality of goals and interests is developed. An integral feature of amateur associations is the creation of a certain moral and psychological atmosphere: mutual respect, sympathy, solidarity.
2.2.2 .Types and types of amateur associations and interest clubs.
Amateur associations and interest clubs can be of two main types:
1) associations and clubs operating on the principle of partial self-sufficiency using the funds of the participants of the association received from membership fees, activities of associations and clubs, as well as at the expense of the funds of the founding organization;
2) associations and clubs that carry out their activities on the principle of full self-sufficiency using the funds of participants (membership fees), funds received from the activities of associations and clubs.
According to the nature of their activities, clubs and associations can be conditionally divided into the following profiles: socio-political, scientific and educational, artistic and aesthetic, sports and recreation, worldview.
In the direction of activity, associations and clubs can be:
Socio-political. On the subject of work, clubs and associations of military and labor traditions, military-patriotic education, the study of legal knowledge, etc. stand out among them.
Production and technical. These include clubs and associations of technical creativity: inventors, modeling (aircraft, ship, auto, etc.), design, etc.
Natural sciences. These clubs attract lovers of travel, astronomy, gardeners, gardeners, dog breeders, flower growers, etc.
Artistic. They are the most common and make a great contribution to the program of aesthetic education of the population. Clubs of this direction include clubs of lovers of music, cinema, literature, painting, dance, theater, etc.
Physical culture and health. These include hardening clubs, joggers, tourism, shaping, aerobics, etc.
Collection and collection. Such clubs are organized to unite collectors of stamps (philatelists), coins (numismatists), badges, orders and medals (phalerists), postcards (philokartists), sound recordings (philophonists), match labels (philophonists), etc.
2.2.3. Organizational and functional structure of amateur associations and interest clubs.
Interest clubs are a form of differentiated work not only with various social groups and categories of the population, but also with individual socially relevant problems and areas of human activity. Interest clubs are active, socially active, purposeful organizations that work with different categories of the population.
The main characteristic feature of interest clubs is the presence of an object of influence, i.e. a certain category of people or audience with whom work is being carried out for a certain time. The object of influence is directly both the members of the club and the audience invited to mass events.
The organizational structure of the interest club consists of five components: the head, the Council of the club, the initiative group, the members of the club, the object of influence. Each of them plays a specific role in functional dependence and in interrelation with other components.
The functional structure of interest clubs is divided into two parts and consists of an active link and an object of influence. The active link includes: the head of the club, the Council, the initiative group, members of the clubs. The second functional part consists of listeners, spectators - visitors to mass events. Acting as consumers of information, they are the main stimulus for the activities of the active link of the club. They determine the form of the club's work: themed evenings, conferences, debates, meetings with interesting people.
The structure of an amateur association differs from the structure of an interest club: here everyone - the head, members of the Council, members of the club - are equal participants in the intra-club action, which takes place mainly in the form of interpersonal communication.
The program of activities of interest clubs is a cycle of events of a socio-political, moral-ethical or cultural nature, compiled taking into account the characteristics of that social group or community with which to work. The direction and program of activities of interest clubs are dictated by the interests and needs of club members and depend on what problems they are concerned about and what tasks society faces at the moment.
The main content of the work of amateur associations is not the external side of their activities, aimed at the object of influence, as in interest clubs, but intra-club work, which contributes to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, exchange of opinions, information. In an amateur association, a person hopes to receive qualified advice, learn something, and take part in a joint search for answers.
Functionally, everyone here is active, because they participate on an equal footing in the process of communication.
An amateur association is a community of people that develops as a result of more or less long-term communication based on the interaction of individuals as individuals and on the personal choice of connections.
2.2.4. Principles of organizing the activities of amateur associations and interest clubs.
Amateur associations and interest clubs are created by decision of the founding organization. Organizations founders can be bodies and institutions of culture and sports, educational institutions, institutions of additional education, public organizations and creative unions.
The creation of an interest club or an amateur association is preceded by a preparatory period. First, it is necessary to study the regional conditions for the development of amateur associations, identify potential participants in amateur activities and attract them to the club. To identify the direction of the work of the club or association, search for interested parties, you can conduct a sociological survey, a survey of visitors to the remote control, residents of the nearby microdistrict, school students, etc. The next stage in organizing the work of a club or association is the definition of interests, the formulation of an idea, the transformation of this idea into a community. It is also necessary to determine the types of activities that are real for implementation. The final stage is the organizational design of the association, the “transformation” into a team.
Among the initiative active people the asset of the club or association is formed. The asset solves all organizational issues, is responsible for the preparation of events, develops a work plan, documentation.
Legal support of amateur associations and interest clubs.
Charter- a set of rules established by a club or association that regulates the activities of a given community of people. By their meaning, content and purpose, the statutes and regulations are unambiguous. They stipulate all aspects of the organization and activities of the club:
The name of the club, by whom it is organized and for whom. When forming this clause of the charter, it is necessary to first resolve the issues of the material base, who will lead, who will join the club, where and when you can meet and hold events, with whom to establish business ties and contacts.
Goals and objectives of the club, association. To formulate goals and objectives means to determine the direction of the club, association and create a prerequisite for successful and effective work. Goals can be promising and immediate. Immediate tasks outline certain milestones at each stage of fulfilling long-term goals and suggest how to draw up a program and implement it, what means, forms and methods to choose for this, what are the place, time, frequency of club meetings, who to involve in the work of the club.
Rights and obligations of members of the club, association. Members of the association, the club have the right: to elect and be elected to the governing and auditing bodies of the association; take part in all activities; use the property of the association in accordance with the established procedure. Members of an association, club are obliged to: actively participate in its work, comply with the internal regulations, and, subject to individual paid membership, pay membership fees in a timely manner.
Building a club, associations and self-government bodies. The supreme decision-making body of management is the general meeting of participants. The Assembly elects the Council, approves the direction and program of activities, the draft estimate of income and expenses, hears the reports of the Council, determines the amount and procedure for paying membership fees. Members of the Council elect the chairman (head) of the association, his deputies, who carry out practical management of its activities, draw up plans for organizational, creative and educational work, ensure the implementation of these plans. Responsibility for the content of the activities and financial work of the association is borne by the founding organization and the chairman (head) of the association.
club attributes. It is a motto, an anthem, an emblem, a flag. What attribute signs to install and adopt are decided by the organizers and members of the club, association. Club attributes discipline, organize, develop a sense of camaraderie, solidarity, mutual assistance.
An important document of the club is program. It is compiled for a year and must be issued:
| No. p / p | Name of event | When is it held | Where is held | Together with whom | Rep. | Note. |
The program is a plan for the implementation of the goals and objectives of the club, association. In the first version, the program is discussed with the members of the club, then agreed with the founding organization. The program is finalized taking into account the comments, wishes, is approved and becomes a guiding document. In the course of work, for various reasons, adjustments may be made to it to change the timing, replace one event with another, etc.
The club's work plan includes issues of creating and improving the material base, establishing links with other organizations, institutions, and educational institutions.
The club diary is the main document reflecting the work of the club. In it, in chronological order, all the main events of the club, associations are recorded, described and analyzed.
The lists of organizers, members of the club, members of the Council also belong to the mandatory minimum. Lists should contain as much information as possible:
in number required documents includes minutes of meetings of the club and the Council of the club, scenarios of events.
Primary documentation is not only an objective evidence of the path traveled, but also material for analysis, a means of stimulating and improving the activities of the club, association.
Material support and control over the activities of amateur associations and interest clubs.
Associations, clubs can use the premises of cultural institutions, sports facilities, educational institutions, public organizations as a base for their activities, while they are responsible for compliance with established order, mode of operation, as well as for the safety of material assets.
The financial base of associations and clubs is formed from6 individual membership fees, income from paid events, income from the founding organization, income from services and work performed. Financing of associations created at budgetary institutions is made from accounts special means these institutions.
The general management and control over the activities of the association or club is carried out by the founding organization. Responsibility for the content of activities and financial work is borne by the founding organization and the chairman (head) of the association.
Scientific and methodological management of associations is carried out by cultural bodies; creative and organizational assistance is provided by scientific and methodological centers of culture and folk art.
The work of the club, association is recorded in the register, which indicates information about members, the content and attendance of classes, the activities of employees of the association, the implementation of estimates of income and expenses.
2.3. Activities of leisure institutions for the preservation and development of folk art.
Leisure institutions include club institutions, libraries, museums, art institutions, parks of culture and recreation, sports and tourism institutions, out-of-school institutions for children, cultural and leisure centers. Many of them are engaged in the preservation and development of folk art in one way or another, but a special role belongs to club institutions. Cultural and leisure activities are aimed at organizing free time, developing the creative abilities of people and are carried out through mass events that promote folk art, through the activities of creative teams, a system of competitions, festivals, reviews of folk amateur art.
Celebrating national holidays New Year, Shrovetide, Ivan Kupala, Chyl Pazy, Tun Payram, Chir Ine, etc.), the organizers turn to the origins, study the traditions, customs, rituals of various nationalities. A folk holiday is not complete without folk festivals - an abundance of songs, ditties, buffoons.
Organizing free time for people of all ages, leisure institutions are doing a great job of creating and developing circles, groups of various genres of amateur art, hobby clubs, amateur associations, studios, and schools. Concerts - as a result of the creative activity of amateur art groups, play an important role in the promotion of folk art. Contests, festivals, reviews of amateur creativity also contribute to this, which at the same time set the task of preserving and enhancing cultural traditions, raising the artistic level of performing skills.
In our city, the leading role in the preservation and development of folk art belongs to the republican state institution "Center for Culture and Folk Art named after S.P. Kadyshev." Within its walls, participants of different ages join the amateur art in groups:
Khakass Folk Song and Dance Ensemble "Zharki", Russian Folk Choir, Folk Dance Ensemble "Sayanochka", which celebrated its 25th anniversary last year, Children's Variety and Folklore Studio "Chas Khanat", etc. Republican Center for Culture and Folk Art sets itself the task of collecting, processing and promoting the best examples of oral, musical, dance and fine folklore. The task of generalizing and promoting the work experience of the leading leaders of creative amateur groups is also being solved. The Center also deals with issues of methodological support for the development of folk art - this is the development of regulations on competitions, festivals of folk art, including family art, pop national songs, folk crafts, etc., a collection of the Khakass traditional music record library, the development of programs for republican exhibitions of masters amateur artists. The Center also organizes advanced training events for specialists involved in the field of folk art, on which the result of activities for the preservation and development of folklore depends: conferences, seminars, master classes are held, creative laboratories work.
Every year the effectiveness of the work of creative associations of the Center for Children's Creativity increases. In 2000, the school of art crafts "Kharitina" began its work, which, through its activities, preserves and develops folk traditions in the field of arts and crafts. On the high level choreographic groups work: the ensemble "Experiment", "Contrasts", "Caprice", etc. Folklore groups of the Center for Children's Creativity are known not only in our city, but also beyond its borders - this is the ensemble "Belfry", leader Fokina, "Rusichi", head A.A. Tolstenko.
The State Central Committee "Pobeda" makes its contribution to the common cause of preserving and developing folk art. Within the walls of the city center of culture, lovers of bard songs, rock music, Russian songs realize their creative potential.
Thus, the activities of leisure institutions for the preservation and development of folk art in our city are widely represented and have positive results.
Different authors interpret such concepts as "amateur associations", "clubs of interest", "amateur creativity", "amateur activity" in their own way. These concepts are studied from different positions, but we are talking about the same phenomenon - "creativity of amateurs" in amateur forms of its manifestation. At the same time, in the Regulations on an amateur association and an interest club adopted in 1986, it was said that an amateur association, an interest club are an organized form of public amateur activity of the population, created on the basis of voluntariness, common creative interests and individual membership of participants, in order to satisfy the diverse spiritual needs and interests of people in the field of free time.
By the term "amateurism" today we understand such a state of activity, due to which self-confidence increases, faith in one's ability to "create", to strive for a specific moral goal is strengthened. This confidence involves many talented people in the sphere of artistic creativity who are ready to devote their free time to this activity. Amateur activities enrich society with new creative personalities. As a result, they create material and spiritual values. In our opinion, in the process of amateur activity, a person creates his own microenvironment, thereby relieving tension and stress. amateurishness- it is a kind of departure from the monotony of reality. It is not connected with the realization of achievements in professional activity. but amateurishness- it is not only rest, but also work, since the individual as a result of recreation is busy with work. This is active relaxation, switching to the area that is not affected by the main type of human life, his profession. The amateur - the creator - "is his own master", "his own director", creating his own world, manifesting itself in individual and mass forms. The world created in the process of creativity is connected with everyday reality and the inner subjective world of a person. Creative necessity, representing the inner state of human cognition, is expressed in the ability of the imagination and is one of the ways to artistic education.
Since the 18th century, amateur artistic creativity has been actively developing, in organized activities which marked the active participation of the intelligentsia. The second half of the HEK century is marked by the activation of various societies of art lovers, in which creative workshops are created, literary associations, circles, studios, etc. appear.
Terms commonly used today "amateur creativity" and "amateur art" first appeared at the end of the 19th century and characterized the significant interest of various sections of Russian society in artistic creativity. This was due to the massive introduction into the culture and life of Russian society of organized forms of practicing various types of amateur art (theaters, brass bands and orchestras of folk instruments, choirs, fine arts, applied art). It was a widely planned program to include the masses in various types of creativity, since it was in it that one could find ways out of the crisis in solving many social problems (the fight against drunkenness, unemployment). Within the framework of folk art, a variety of forms and genres appeared already then, such as mass celebrations, fairs, theatrical performances, ditties, folk dances, folk instrumental performances, chamber plays, couplet songs and much more. This also includes organized holidays and exhibitions, where amateurs took direct part, acting as organizers of various areas of activity in culture. They influenced various aspects of life, both participants and spectators. Divine services, ceremonies, "processions of fools", "meetings of fasting and carnival", fairs with booths, with performances by magicians and jugglers, puppet shows in inns and taverns, speeches by orators, preachers, drinking speeches and songs - all this can be attributed to the art of the Middle Ages, since art was then naturally and spontaneously woven into everyday life. The elements of craft and folklore dominated, folklore is always an applied art, because it never separates itself from everyday life.
Many researchers come to the conclusion that it is folklore that is one of the initial forms of artistic culture that exists at the professional and amateur levels of creativity. The same point of view is shared by E.E. Alekseev, who notes that “amateur performances in the form of folklore and amateurism play an important cultural and creative role. Within its framework, new artistic values are born, it makes a huge contribution to the social organization of society: thanks to the normally developing artistic creativity, the strengthening of social ties between people and the strengthening of the integrity of society are achieved.
Amateurs are those who "grow" into the sphere of cultural and creative activity, where there are traditions of folk art. The assimilation of cultural traditions and artistic forms of activity, namely amateur ones (singing, playing music, doing arts and crafts, etc.) is a guideline for the activity of an amateur. Self-activity in the process of cognition is transformed into aesthetic beliefs, norms and principles of behavior. Its main, unchanged core is the human individuality, which encourages a person to move, to strive to prove himself in creative work. Artistic creativity of amateurs most of all gravitates towards individual forms of cultural and leisure activities, however, it can also include collective forms (amateur activities). In order to turn "temporary" amateurism into an organized amateur occupation, where accomplished amateurs or those who want to become such learn to control their fantasy, a stable preparatory work all social institutions that contribute to the formation of amateur performance. So, in the 60-70s, many trends of amateur creativity appeared, among which one can note: "naive creativity", spontaneous amateur performance, original amateur performance, traditional, "imitative" (cult art), reproductive creativity, author's and others.
Amateur organizations, namely amateur associations and interest clubs, have a higher form of intra-club associations. They are based on the satisfaction of moral, internal needs and abilities of the individual.
In amateur associations desire, enthusiasm, including a person in organizational activities by means of artistic creativity, are evaluated. Passion for artistic creativity in such groups forms new abilities, as there are groups of people who have much in common, regardless of the level of giftedness. It is “interest”, “passion” in artistic creativity that can give a significant result that will be unique, original and direct. Its final manifestation is various forms of presenting creativity to the audience and listeners.
Thus, based on different approaches to the problem of amateur creativity, we offer our own definition of amateur associations and interest clubs. An amateur association is a collection of amateur knowledge, hobbies, a source of spiritual enrichment of the individual, where a new sequential inclusion of the creative aspect of the activities of amateurs into the process of social experience takes place, including in the form of individual membership, in the implementation of self-development and self-education of each individual in free time space.
Club association, or club of interests- this is a form of joint satisfaction of social and cultural needs (groups of similar interests; participation in circles, studios, clubs), while creating conditions for spiritual communication and encouraging amateur creativity, where many different amateur associations can organize themselves.
Very often, employees of cultural and leisure institutions replace amateur associations and interest clubs with circle-type associations.
1. Alekseeva E.F. Folklore in the context of folk culture. M, 1998.
2. Likhachev V.D., Likhachev D.S. The Artistic Heritage of Ancient Russia and Modernity. M., 1971.
3. Grigoryeva E.I., Velikanova E.V. Amateur artistic creativity as the basis for the revival of national cultural traditions: Proc. allowance. Tambov: Tambov Publishing House. state tech. university 2000.
4. Regulations on amateur associations and interest clubs. M.: g - Politizdat, 1986.
