Useful properties and application of buttercup. A decoction of dry grass or buttercup flowers. The use of marsh buttercup in medicine.
Other plant names:
fierce color, night blindness
Brief description of buttercup creeping:
Buttercup creeping (fierce color) - it's perennial herbaceous plant 15–40 cm high with a short branched rhizome. Stem ascending or creeping, often rooting, glabrous or pubescent in places.
Basal leaves petiolate, trifoliate, consisting of rhomboid-ovate, deeply trifoliate, unequally dentate leaf lobes. Upper leaves sessile, lanceolate, tripartite. The flowers are bisexual, regular, five-membered, 2–3 cm in diameter. The calyx is pubescent, the corolla is golden yellow, shiny. The fruit is a naked one-seeded leaflet with a short nose.
Some relatively fast growing herbaceous plants are pioneers or early views, others form the main vegetation of many stable habitats, found, for example, in the main layer of forests or in natural open habitats such as grassland, salt marsh or desert. Some herbaceous plants can grow large, such as the Musa genus.
The age of some herbaceous plants can be determined by analyzing annual growth rings in the secondary root xylem. Dictogens - monocot plants, commonly called monocots, are flowering plants, whose seeds usually contain only one embryonic leaf or cotyledons. However, molecular studies have shown that although monocoses form a monophyletic group or clade. Monaco is almost always recognized as a group, but with different taxonomic series. The largest family in this group in terms of number of species is orchids, with about half of the species belonging to the true grasses, which are economically the most important family of monocots.
Blooms from May to October.
Places of growth:
It grows on moist, shaded, alluvial soils: along the banks of rivers and lakes, in wet meadows, in bushes, in forest swamps.
Buttercup preparation:
For medicinal purposes, grass is harvested during the flowering period, less often leaves and flowers, they are used fresh or dried.
AT agriculture most of the biomass produced comes from monocots, and these include not only large grains, but also forage grasses, sugarcane and bamboo. Other economically important monocot crops include various palms, bananas, ground squirrels and their relatives, turmeric and cardamom, asparagus, and onions and garlic. In addition, most bulbs, plants grown for their blooms, such as lilies, daffodils, irises, amaryllis, canyons, bluebells. Monocots or monocots have, as the name suggests, one cotyledon or embryonic leaf, from a diagnostic point of view, the number of cotyledons is not a particularly useful characteristic and is not completely reliable.
The chemical composition of buttercup creeping:
Like other buttercups, the fresh grass of this plant contains protoanemonin (comparatively little), coumarins, cardiac glycosides (cardenolides), saponins, and a substance that releases hydrocyanic acid when split.
Tannins, alkaloids (0.1%), coumarins (umbelliferone, scopoletin), flavonoids (vitexin, saponaretin, neovitexin), ascorbic acid, carotene, quinoin, saponins and lactones (ranunculin, protoanemonin) were found in the creeping buttercup herb.
However, monocots are quite distinctive, as there is rarely disagreement regarding membership in this group, however morphological features, which reliably characterize the main clades, are rare. As such, monocots differ from other angiosperms both in terms of their uniformity and diversity, although mostly herbaceous, some soupy monocots grow to great height, length, and mass. The latter include agaves, palms, pandans, and bamboos, and this creates problems in water transport that monocats deal with in different ways.
All these active substances form the basis of the chemical composition of the creeping ranunculus (fierce color).
Pharmacological properties of buttercup creeping:
Pharmacological properties Buttercup defined it chemical composition.
In therapeutic doses, buttercups have analgesic, antimicrobial, wound healing and tonic properties.
Buttercup creeping - use and contraindications
Some, such as Yucca species, develop abnormal secondary growth, while palms, the axis undergoes a primary thickening that progresses from internode to internode, resulting in the typical inverted conical shape of the main primary axis. Other monocots, especially Poales, took on a life form. Leaves Cotyledons, the original angiosperm leaf consists of a proximal leaf base or hypophyll, in monocolls the hypophyll tends to dominate unlike other angiosperms.
The use of buttercup in medicine, buttercup treatment:
With rheumatism, scrofula, scabies, they apply to tumors for resorption, to abscesses, creeping buttercup grass with a creeping stem. Apply only as an external.
A decoction of the herb is washed with areas of the skin affected by scabies. AT folk medicine it is known as a remedy for malaria.
Mature monocot leaves are narrow and linear, forming a sheath around the stem at the base. Usually there is only one leaf at each node, because the leaf base covers more than half of the circumference, the evolution of this characteristic of the monocot is explained by differences in the development of early zonal differentiation, and not by meristem activity. Order. In biological classification, an order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized in codes of nomenclature. Other known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, type, class, family, genus, immediately higher rank, superder can be added directly above the order, while the suborder will be a lower rank.
With fungal skin lesions in the form of washings or less often - in the form of compresses, medicines from creeping ranunculus are used in oriental medicine.
Tibetan medicine uses the plant for headaches, dropsy, edema and diseases of the female genital organs.
Dosage forms, method of application and doses of creeping buttercup preparations:
Buttercup grass, leaves and flowers are used to make effective medicines and forms used in the treatment of many diseases. Let's consider the main ones.
Taxonomic unit, taxon, in this rank, in this case plural are orders. There is often no agreement, with different taxonomists taking different positions. There are no rules that a taxonomist should follow when describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are almost universally accepted, while others are rarely recognized, for some groups of organisms, successive suffixes are used to indicate that the rank is an order. Suffix-alpha is the name of plant orders, fungi, for some clades covered by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a number of additional classifications are sometimes used, although not all of them are officially recognized.
Fresh ranunculus leaves:
Crushed fresh ranunculus leaves are applied to tumors for their resorption and to abscesses to accelerate their maturation; to abscesses, abscesses to accelerate their maturation.
Fresh ranunculus herb:
Fresh grass is used only as an external remedy in the form of compresses for sciatica, sciatica, myositis, osteochondrosis, arthritis, rheumatic pains, scrofula, as an exhaust and analgesic for mastitis, headache, tumors.
Michael Novacek inserted them in the same position, so Michael Benton inserted them between the superuser and the magnetor. In French botanical publications from Michel Adanson Familles, the nature of plants and until the end of the 19th century, some of the plant families still retain the names of the natural orders of Linnaeus or even the names of the valleys natural groups recognized by Linnaeus as orders in his natural classification. Such names are known as surnames. Some of his names are still in use. Its leaves are up to 8 centimeters in normal conditions, dark green, stems up to 20 cm in height, but always at least double longer than leaves.
Pounded aerial parts of the plant:
Pounded aerial parts (i.e. flowers, stems, leaves) of caustic buttercup and creeping buttercup are used instead of mustard plaster and blister plaster, as well as when rubbing the legs with aching.
Buttercup herb decoction:
Buttercup herb decoction (1:10) is used to wash parts of the body affected by scabies and diathesis.
It grows in very wet soil, John Bauer's famous painting "Princess Tuvstrar" takes its name from the Swedish term for this plant. Rhizomes are also called creeping rhizomes and rootstocks, rhizomes develop from axillary buds and are diageotropic or grow perpendicular to gravity. The rhizome also retains the ability for new shoots to grow upwards. If the rhizome is divided into pieces, each piece can rise to a new plant. The plant uses the rhizome to store starches, proteins, and these nutrients become useful to the plant when new shoots are due to form or when the plant dies in winter.
A decoction of dry grass or buttercup flowers:
A decoction of dry grass or buttercup flowers: brew 1 cup boiling water 1 tsp. herbs or flowers, insist, wrapped, 30 minutes, drain. Use 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day for epilepsy, headaches, as a diuretic for dropsy and edema, for uterine and other bleeding.
This is known as vegetative reproduction and is used by farmers and gardeners to propagate certain plants. It also allows the lateral spread of grasses such as bamboo and tuft grasses, examples of plants that propagate in this way include hops, asparagus, ginger, irises, lily of the valley, canons and sympodial orchids. Some rhizomes that are used directly in cooking include ginger, turmeric, galangal, preserved rhizomes are susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections, making them unsuitable for transplanting and greatly reducing stocks.
Creeping ranunculus flowers:
Creeping buttercup flowers are used as a remedy for malaria - 8–10 hours before an attack, crushed fresh flowers are applied to the wrists, in the area of palpation of the pulse.
Buttercup fresh herb juice:
Fresh grass juice (or gruel) is used for warts, scabies, scrofula. The plant is also prescribed as a remedy for abscesses.
However, rhizomes can also be artificially created from tissue cultures, the ability to easily grow rhizomes from tissue cultures results in improved stock for transplanting and higher yields. The plant hormones ethylene and jasmonic acid have been found to help stimulate and regulate rhizome growth. Ethylene that has been applied externally has been found to affect internal ethylene levels, knowing how to use these hormones to stimulate rhizome growth can help farmers and biologists produce plants grown from rhizomes that are easier to cultivate and grow. best plants.
Buttercup creeping contraindications:
The plant should be used very carefully, as it can cause a burn with the formation of blisters and even the appearance of ulcers.
Symptoms of poisoning and treatment methods, see poisonous ranunculus.
Buttercup is a delicate herbaceous plant with surprisingly beautiful flowers. Particularly interesting garden molds with large spherical heads. The plant belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. The genus is represented not only decorative species, but also weeds with caustic and poisonous juice. Buttercups are common in temperate and cold climates throughout the Northern Hemisphere. They live in open meadows and fresh water. The scientific name for buttercup, ranunculus, comes from the word for frog. It is given for the ability to grow where amphibians live.
In general, rhizomes have short internodes, they send roots from the bottom of the nodes, tubers are the thickened part of the rhizome or stolon that has been enlarged for use as a storage organ. In general, the tuber is high in starch, such as common potatoes, the term tuber is often used imprecisely and is sometimes applied to plants with rhizomes. Some plants have rhizomes that grow above ground or lie on the surface, including some Iris species.
Rhizomes usually form a layer, but in Giant horsetails. While sedges can grow in almost all environments, many are associated with wetlands. Some notable sedges include the chestnut tree and a special papyrus species. This family also includes cottongrass, pick-pick, pigment, walnut or walnut, and a special person. This sedge is an aquatic or shore plant that is most often found in swamps in the mountains. It produces a stem that is usually just under half a meter high, and has several basal leaves, long, the tip of the stem often occupies a grate with a stamen, and below it hang one or more daggers of pistillate spikelets.
What does buttercup look like
Buttercup is a perennial or annual with straight branched shoots up to 20-100 cm high. It has a fibrous root system, on the processes of which palmate, spider-like tubers are formed. On a thickened ribbed stem is another foliage with whole serrated or dissected plates. It has a bluish-green or dark green color. The leaves do not differ in large sizes, usually the length does not exceed 6 cm.
However, spikelets may have male and female parts. It was inhaled to induce sneezing, which would rid the body of evil spirits. big views can grow up to 2 meters in height, the genus is named after Helen Troy, daughter of Zeus and Leda. They are useful for summer and autumn bloom, usually in less formal arrangements, and they are suitable for local gardens in areas where they are indigenous, and they look great in bouquets.
Annual species are grown from seed, and perennials must be divided each year to maintain their vigor. Helenums should be grown in full sunlight on moist soil with good drainage, and they are drought tolerant, but should be watered at planting and regularly until established. Its flowers appear over a period of six weeks from mid to late summer, and it provides a splash of color when many other perennials begin to fade, it can accompany ornamental grass, Phlox and Liatris.
In June-July, on the tops of the stems bloom beautiful flowers. They can be simple or double, similar to flowers of roses and peonies. The number of flower elements is a multiple of 5 (rarely 3). The diameter of the corolla depends on the variety and can be 2-10 cm. The color of the flowers is very diverse (solid or variegated): bright salmon, purple, yellow, orange, cream, white. In the center are many short stamens and pistils. The flowering period lasts about a month. Cut flowers will last at least a week in a vase.
Buttercup creeping - description
Pollen - The stamen is the pollen-producing reproductive organ from the flower. In general, the stamens form an androecium, the stamen usually consists of a stem called a filament and an anther that contains microsporangia. Most often, the anthers are two-lobed and are attached to the filament either at the base or in the region of the anther. The sterile tissue between the lobes is called connective, the pollen grain develops from microspores into microsporangia and contains the male gametophyte. The stamens in a flower are called androecium. They can also be free-standing or merge with each other in various ways, including merging some.
Threads can be fused and loose or threads are loose. Instead of two locules existing, one stamen locus may not develop, or alternatively two locules may fuse late in development to give a single locus, a typical anther contains four microsporangia. Microsporangia form sacs or pockets in the pollen, two separate loci on each side of the anther may fuse into one locus. They undergo meiosis to form haploid spores, the spores can remain attached to each other in a tetrad or separate after meiosis.
After pollination by insects, complex fruits are formed - multi-nuts. When ripe, they burst on their own, releasing fleecy convex seeds. There are several dozen of them in each fruit.
Attention! Buttercup juice is poisonous. Its name comes from the word "fierce", capable of destroying an animal and a person. It can cause skin irritation and poisoning, so all work is carried out with gloves, and animals and children are not allowed near the flowers.
classic views
Already today, more than 400 plant species are included in the genus of buttercup, and the list continues to grow.
Buttercup caustic (night blindness). Herbaceous perennial with a height of 20-50 cm consists of erect, branched stems. Foliage is located along the entire height of the shoots, but quite rarely. Below it is larger, almost whole. The upper leaflets are strongly dissected, with linear lobes. Simple appear in June yellow flowers with 5 wide petals. In diameter, they do not exceed 2 cm.
Buttercup golden (yellow). An inhabitant of damp shady meadows grows 40 cm in height. There are almost no leaves on a straight stem. The basal rosette consists of rounded toothed leaves on long petioles. At the top is a linear sessile foliage. Small yellow flowers have a pubescent calyx and a simple bell-shaped corolla. They bloom in April-June.
A perennial plant with decumbent shoots 15-40 cm high, it easily takes root at the nodes upon contact with the soil. The stem is covered with a short pile. Petiolate bright green foliage grows along the entire length. Regular simple yellow flowers consist of 5 petals. They open at the beginning of summer.
Underage or annual plant with an upright branched stem grows 10-70 cm in height. On the shoots are openwork trifoliate leaves with serrated sides. The ovoid broad lobes are dark green. In May-June, small umbellate inflorescences with small (7-10 mm wide) light yellow flowers appear on the tops of the shoots.
Buttercup Asian (asiaticus). Perennial with a branched erect stem up to 45 cm in height grows bright green pubescent leaves. In July, flowers bloom, located singly or 2-4 pieces in an inflorescence. They have a variety of colors and grow 4-6 cm in diameter.
A perennial plant with a bare ascending or erect stem grows 20-50 cm in height. The foliage has a diamond-shaped or oval shape. The lower leaves are attached with long petioles, and the upper ones sit on the stem. Small flowers (0.8-1.2 cm) grow singly and are yellow. The sap of the plant is poisonous and irritates the skin.
The inhabitant of swampy reservoirs of Australia due to creeping shoots is very modest in size. Its height is about 5-20 cm. On straight petioles, carved leaves look like green snowflakes. The plant looks quite decorative and is often used in the aquarium hobby.
Herbaceous perennial 40-80 cm in height consists of erect, branched stems with a short pile. The palmately dissected foliage is also pubescent. It has elongated lanceolate lobes with incised edges. Simple bright yellow flowers adorn the plant from June to August.
A flowering plant with curved stems 20-30 cm high grows round or heart-shaped leaves 2-3 cm in diameter. The lower ones are located on long petioles, the upper ones are sessile. In early summer, solitary yellow flowers with a hairy receptacle appear.
A perennial plant with a straight stem, branched only in the upper part, 30-60 cm high. whole leaves rounded or heart-shaped, located on petioles at the base of the shoot. The upper leaves are palmately dissected, small. Single flowers of a light yellow shade in diameter are 2-3 cm. They bloom in April.
Decorative garden ranunculus
This group of plants is highly decorative and is most common among gardeners. The most interesting varieties:
- Buttercup Masha. A compact plant with a branched stem up to 30-40 cm in height blooms double flowers with white petals and a bright border.
- Buttercup terry (peony). Large plain flowers with closely spaced petals.
- French. Semi-double flowers consist of 2-3 rows of wide petals.
- Persian. Small single or semi-double flowers.
- Chalmoid. It blooms with dense, spherical flowers.
Reproduction methods
Buttercup is propagated by seeds and division of the rhizome. Since most ornamental buttercups do not pass on varietal properties to offspring, purchased seeds are needed for sowing.
Seedlings are pre-grown. To do this, already in the second half of February, seeds are sown in boxes with sandy-peat or loose garden soil and sprinkled with a thin layer of earth. They are carefully watered and covered with a transparent material. The greenhouse is kept in a bright place with a temperature of + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Shoots appear quite amicably in 15-20 days. From this moment, the shelter is removed and the pot is transferred to a warmer (+ 20 ° C) room. Lighting should be diffused, but quite intense. Phytolamps are used if necessary. When 4-5 leaves appear on the seedlings, it is dived into separate peat pots.
Every year, new tuberous growths form on the roots. When dug up in September, they are separated. In a frosty winter, the roots do not survive on the street. A cool room is more suitable for them (+ 19 ... + 21 ° C). In the spring, cones are planted in a flower bed.
Planting and care in the open field
Buttercups are planted in the garden at the end of May, when the likelihood of frost will finally disappear. Pick up sunny or slightly darkened areas with good draft protection. Constant exposure to direct sunlight is undesirable, as flowering will be short-lived and less abundant.
The soil should be neutral or slightly acidic. close occurrence ground water contraindicated. It is best to choose fairly loose, nutritious soils with moderate moisture. The site is dug up in advance and pits are prepared to the depth of the root system. The distance between plants is 15-20 cm. A little sand or vermiculite is poured into the bottom of each hole. Planting is best done with a pot or a large clod of earth flush with the root collar.
Nodules are pre-soaked for 12 hours in warm water with potassium permanganate and growth stimulator. They are planted to a depth of 8-10 cm. The soil is compacted and watered abundantly.
Further care of the plant is not very burdensome. Weed beds should be periodically weeded, weeds removed and crust broken on the surface of the earth.
Watering should be moderate. Only in the absence of precipitation, the flower bed is watered twice a week. From August, plants need to be watered much less frequently so that the tubers ripen and do not rot. In case of prolonged rainy weather, the plantings are covered with a film.
Every 15-20 days the buttercup is fed with mineral complexes. At the beginning of growth, nitrogenous compounds are used, and with the advent of buds, they switch to potassium-phosphorus.
To make the flower bed look neat, wilted flowers should be cut immediately.
Buttercups are quite heat-loving plants, so winter in open field they can not. In autumn, when the entire ground part begins to dry out, the tubers are dug up. They are dried in a ventilated place and stored in cloth or cake pots.
Buttercup is sick infrequently, mainly with fungal infections that develop with regular flooding of the soil. The first signal is the dropping of even unblown buds and flowers. Also, brown or whitish plaques may appear on the leaves and stems. If a disease is detected, it is necessary to temporarily stop watering and treat with a fungicide.
Beneficial features
Although buttercup is considered poisonous plant, in small quantities it can have a positive effect on the body. It is used in folk and official medicine. The juice contains saponins, fatty oils, tannins, glycosides, ascorbic acid. Taking drugs inside stimulates the production of hemoglobin and stabilizes the work nervous system. Outwardly, fresh leaves and lotions with decoctions and water infusions are used. They help fight joint diseases, gout, lupus, scabies, calluses.
It is very important not to exceed the dosage, so it is better to use pharmaceutical products rather than self-prepared ones. Also, buttercup treatment is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women, as well as people prone to allergies.
Use in the garden
Garden terry or simple buttercups with large, bright flowers will become wonderful decoration mixed flower bed. Depending on the height, they are used in the foreground or central plan of the flower garden, as well as in rockeries, alpine slide or mixborder. Some species are successfully cultivated in pots, such as houseplants. In the flower garden, buttercup is usually combined with bluebells, cornflowers, hostas, evergreen shrubs.
